[HN Gopher] Satoshi - Sirius emails 2009-2011
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Satoshi - Sirius emails 2009-2011
        
       Author : lawrenceyan
       Score  : 251 points
       Date   : 2024-02-23 13:37 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (mmalmi.github.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (mmalmi.github.io)
        
       | baerrie wrote:
       | Next step, feed this text into into some nlp/llm and search the
       | web for a match to find who Satoshi is
        
         | xtiansimon wrote:
         | Alexander Hamilton
        
           | codetrotter wrote:
           | Len Sassaman
           | 
           | https://evanhatch.medium.com/len-sassaman-and-
           | satoshi-e483c8...
        
             | optimalsolver wrote:
             | Was Len known to type in British English and use British
             | terms?
        
               | captaincrunch wrote:
               | As a Canadian who was raised on British English, I
               | seamlessly switch between British and American English
               | when interacting with clients from the US, England, and
               | Canada. This flexibility in language is quite natural to
               | me. Furthermore, for someone who meticulously conceals
               | their identity, adapting in such a manner would likely be
               | effortless and unremarkable.
               | 
               | Cheerio, Later, Take care eh?
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | In one of the messages Satoshi writes "gotten", which
               | would be unusual for a Brit.
               | 
               | There's also a lot of -ize. My money is on a Canadian, or
               | a non-native-English European living in Britain.
        
               | CryptoBanker wrote:
               | Agreed, "been" would be more typical for a Brit
        
               | stevekemp wrote:
               | "gotten" would be less unusual for a Scottish person,
               | although it is usually used in the context of "ill-gotten
               | [gains]" it does crop up now and again outwith that.
        
               | cachvico wrote:
               | Curiously, in #217 Satoshi used "gotten", which doesn't
               | exist in British English - it's a word that is normally
               | only used by Americans.
        
               | dboreham wrote:
               | It does exist (in that British people are aware of the US
               | usage and "ill gotten gains") but sounds like a clueless
               | person talking, or a child, so unless deeply exposes to
               | American English nobody would use it themselves. I'm
               | beginning to, but only after 30 years in the colonies.
        
               | JoeAltmaier wrote:
               | Hm. Listen some more! We use it in the US Midwest
               | routinely. Had gotten dehydrated. Have gotten bit by that
               | issue. We've gotten the flu around here pretty frequently
               | this winter.
               | 
               | Then there's misbegotten, begetting, begotten.
        
               | master-lincoln wrote:
               | mixing British and American English is also common for
               | European non-native English speakers
        
               | Log_out_ wrote:
               | You shall know by the assembled slang what series they
               | watch
        
               | radicalbyte wrote:
               | I'm British and I use the word. "They've gotten good".
               | Coders in particular have to learn American and a lot of
               | us just use American on the internet unless we're talking
               | in an English (or UK - English, Welsh, Scottish, North
               | Irish) corner of the interwebs.
        
               | seabass-labrax wrote:
               | Or even Cornish! I was pleasantly surprised to find
               | Cornish written across the side of the buses whilst
               | visiting Plymouth. It's not much more than a linguistic
               | and cultural curiosity, unfortunately, with even the
               | excitement of the Cornish Revival being wholly
               | insufficient to reach a critical mass of contemporary
               | speakers. However, if there's just a faint possibility
               | we'll be able to preserve the tradition I'm all for it.
        
               | jjeaff wrote:
               | yes, the article referenced above referenced several
               | tweet's from Len using Britishisms like "bloody". He was
               | an American, living in Europe. Satoshi also referenced
               | Euros (rather than pounds).
        
               | Boogie_Man wrote:
               | The article in the comment you responded to contains the
               | following information:
               | 
               | "Since COSIC was based in Leuven, Len was living in
               | Belgium during Bitcoin's development. This is salient
               | given that a number of facts suggest that Satoshi was
               | based in Europe...
               | 
               | Satoshi's writing exhibits spelling and word choices
               | idiosyncratic of British English such as "bloody
               | difficult", "flat", "maths", grey", as well as the
               | dd/mm/yyyy date format. However, Satoshi also refers to
               | Euros rather than pounds. These clues leave us with a
               | paradox: they suggest Satoshi was European, yet someone
               | with the requisite skillset and exposure to Bitcoin's
               | primary influences would likely have been American. Much
               | of the Cypherpunk community coalesced conferences and
               | meetups, part of why a disproportionate number hailed
               | from America and especially SF. The jobs where one could
               | have gained cutting-edge professional infosec and crypto
               | experience were similarly concentrated in the US.
               | 
               | Strangely enough, Len used the very same British English
               | as Satoshi even though he was American."
        
             | someplaceguy wrote:
             | > Len Sassaman
             | 
             | It's not him, no double spaces in his writings.
        
         | vintermann wrote:
         | There's already far more text written by him (as well as code),
         | and there have been run comparisons of it against all the
         | seriously proposed candidates.
        
           | cryptonector wrote:
           | A good writer can probably change his/her demeanor and style
           | in writing when changing personas. I'm sure it's hard work,
           | but I'm also sure that practice makes it possible -- at least
           | for some gifted people. It's also possible that Satoshi isn't
           | a single human being, but an organization that can dedicate a
           | lot of effort to this sort of thing.
        
             | bboygravity wrote:
             | This guy got famous for doing just that:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa
             | 
             | I think he even broke up with his girlfriend through
             | letters in which he pretended to be someone else (if I
             | remember correctly).
        
       | f321x_ wrote:
       | Really interesting
        
       | neom wrote:
       | For those curious about the court case it's referencing, here is
       | the context: https://www.forbes.com/sites/digital-
       | assets/2024/02/07/craig... (https://archive.is/7YyMl)
        
         | semiquaver wrote:
         | If you prefer an (outdated but entertaining) podcast:
         | 
         | https://www.alabseries.com/episodes/episode-3-faketoshi-the-...
        
       | imperialdrive wrote:
       | I found several interesting exchanges, such as around/after email
       | #212.
        
       | sema4hacker wrote:
       | Are all of the digital fingerprints created by Satoshi (emails
       | and posted code) completely untraceable, with no archives of
       | domains, IP addresses, access logs, etc., still in existence that
       | might identify where he was logging in from?
        
         | dogman144 wrote:
         | Last I read the domain registration for Bitcoin.org (I think)
         | is the main exposure point.
         | 
         | But, what you raised is why I don't buy they haven't been ID'd.
         | Digital fingerprints across multiple forums, and platforms, the
         | logs to find a way in are there somewhere.
         | 
         | I figure it is Len Sassaman.
        
           | layer8 wrote:
           | Meredith Patterson might know, then.
        
           | bottlepalm wrote:
           | Len was a Linux guy, Satoshi was not. There's even an email
           | here that says just that, "technically much more linux
           | capable than me."
           | 
           | https://mmalmi.github.io/satoshi/#email-241
        
             | Geee wrote:
             | Also, see
             | https://twitter.com/lensassaman/status/77358901774917632
             | where Len doesn't seem to be a fan of Bitcoin. Not sure
             | what he means by that though.
        
               | mortallywounded wrote:
               | Satoshi stepped away from Bitcoin in 2010 and handed over
               | the project to the maintainers.
               | 
               | Len started posting about Bitcoin in 2010 (post Satoshi
               | handing the project over).
               | 
               | It seems to me, if Len was Satoshi, he grew distant from
               | the project. Maybe it wasn't the cypherpunk utopia he
               | envisioned. Maybe the wikileaks and silkroad issues
               | weren't what he wanted to enable. Perhaps he wanted to
               | distance himself further from the project.
        
               | tdudhhu wrote:
               | He was also depressed at that time.
        
               | dogman144 wrote:
               | My understanding is around the time SN left correlated to
               | around the time Len's mental health escalated. That
               | noted, RIP/don't mean to crassly speculate about what
               | sounded like a talented and difficult life.
        
             | dogman144 wrote:
             | I think you'd have to factor in Satoshi's opsec measures
             | though vs taking them at their word at being bad at Linux,
             | consider SN displayed very capable opsec in other forums.
             | 
             | Len had significant time and topic correlations to
             | many/basically all iirc of the feeder research and projects
             | that clearly fed into BTC. SN also went offline around the
             | time Len passed. Those two factors plus the related details
             | sealed it for me.
             | 
             | Edit - like if I was known to research under Szabo and
             | Finney (iirc) right around the same time BTC launched, was
             | known to advocate to peers to launch controversial open
             | source under pseudonyms, and so on, I'd probably wrap my
             | public persona under "BTC sucks" and my SN persona under
             | "idk linux well," and so on. Seems an obvious step to take.
        
               | bottlepalm wrote:
               | Have you considered Le Roux? Someone who had a real
               | motive to create Bitcoin, and who had actually written
               | Windows based crypto software before.
        
               | IncreasePosts wrote:
               | Given his past it's hard to imagine Le Roux sitting on
               | hundreds of billions of dollars worth of bitcoins, even
               | from inside a federal prison.
        
               | bottlepalm wrote:
               | Pretty good incentive to say nothing isn't it?
        
               | astoor wrote:
               | Given his past it is easy to imagine his keys got
               | misplaced while on the run or met with some kind of
               | "unfortunate accident".
        
               | dogman144 wrote:
               | I've read the various write ups, and iirc the New Yorker
               | piece and who/the group they pointed and a write up on
               | Len seemed to make the most sense. Fun area, been a while
               | since I dug into it.
        
               | bottlepalm wrote:
               | Very few projects are created truly anonymously. I
               | believe the Bitcoin creator had a real motive to stay
               | anonymous, and a practical use case that was driving him
               | to make Bitcoin eg transferring large amounts of
               | illegitimate wealth internationally and outside of the
               | banking system.
        
               | dogman144 wrote:
               | there's pretty clear documentation on the motivations for
               | why it was made, but I suppose it could be duplicitous
               | and hard to ever verify one way or the other unless SN
               | wallets became active again.
        
               | ClickedUp wrote:
               | Interestingly, Le Roux added "Solotshi" to his name on
               | his 2008 passport:
               | 
               | https://i.imgur.com/44I9wlL.jpeg
               | 
               | Solotshi/Satoshi.
        
               | optimalsolver wrote:
               | But that just makes your theory unfalsifiable and
               | uninteresting. For every contradiction you can just say
               | "That's what he wanted you to think!"
        
               | dogman144 wrote:
               | Right, it obviously spirals into this issue and others
               | like it.
        
               | asveikau wrote:
               | I don't think you can fake being blind to unix style when
               | writing c++. The c++ style that grew out of the windows
               | world is kind of unique.
               | 
               | (Although I personally am both a longtime enthusiast of
               | unix-like OSes and a former MS employee, so I am familiar
               | with both ... But I find that to be kind of rare.)
        
               | ziddoap wrote:
               | > _I think you'd have to factor in Satoshi's opsec
               | measures though_
               | 
               | Lying about trivial and mundane stuff is a wildly hard
               | thing to maintain over any period of time and, for long-
               | term opsec, more likely to cause issues than not.
               | 
               | Being "linux capable" or not is mundane and vague enough
               | (as well as applicable to enough people) that there isn't
               | really any gain in lying about it but it adds risk in the
               | case that you slip up in your maintaining of that lie 10
               | years down the road.
               | 
               | There are much more effective ways to resist being
               | identified, which are also easier to maintain long-term.
        
               | dogman144 wrote:
               | Well, a lot of other effective things were done as well
               | as you say.
               | 
               | For me, comes down to that I disagree that the creator of
               | one of the most consequential tech break through that
               | hits at the core of national sovereignty and control
               | didn't think of a lot of angles to this. Early
               | Cypherpunks, of which SN was certainly one, were a pretty
               | insane/intense crew in these areas.
               | 
               | And to your point about the difficulty of maintaining
               | trivial deceptions long term, well Len passed pretty soon
               | after the initial years.
        
               | ziddoap wrote:
               | > _didn't think of a lot of angles to this._
               | 
               | I'm not saying it wasn't thought about. If anything, I'm
               | saying the opposite.
               | 
               | When you think about it long enough, you realize that
               | many of the 'little lies' carry more risk than they are
               | worth. Lying about being "linux capable" falls into that
               | category.
               | 
               | > _And to your point about the difficulty of maintaining
               | trivial deceptions long term, well Len passed pretty soon
               | after the initial years._
               | 
               | I was speaking more generally about opsec and lies which
               | aren't worth the trouble and increased risk.
               | 
               | Specific to your comment: If Len knew they would die soon
               | after, there is less incentive to lie about little things
               | like linux capability. If they didn't know they would die
               | soon after, they would care about the long-term opsec.
        
               | dogman144 wrote:
               | All interesting points. I think I disagree with the last
               | part due to my original post - nobody knew how this would
               | turn out, but those involved knew projects like this
               | consistently attracted serious State attention.
               | 
               | B/t protect the protocol by trying every possible angle
               | against this sort of "adversary" (which, here in 2024,
               | seems to have worked), versus cutting corners, the
               | comprehensive nature of SN's opsec seems to imply it'd
               | show up in a lot of small ways like lying about Linux.
               | Analysis of the codebase also had similar findings about
               | attention to detail ("thought of everything" sort of
               | difficulty regarding appsec).
               | 
               | Overall, there's a good write up on Len as SN worth
               | digging into if the topic is interesting. I also think
               | the '11 New Yorker piece got close to the truth.
        
               | ziddoap wrote:
               | > _versus cutting corners, the comprehensive nature of
               | SN's opsec seems to imply it'd show up in a lot of small
               | ways like lying about Linux._
               | 
               | I'm not sure if I'm explaining myself poorly, or if we're
               | maybe just speaking past each other, or I'm not
               | understanding you.
               | 
               | You're saying that not lying about linux capability would
               | be "cutting corners".
               | 
               | I'm saying that not lying (in this specific situation)
               | _would be the better opsec_ , and that anyone serious
               | about opsec against government-level adversaries would
               | not bother lying about such a mundane detail because it
               | is all risk with no benefit to opsec. This concept was
               | taught to me at a previous job where the adversaries were
               | of the same magnitude as governments, and I'm confident
               | that anyone seriously into the opsec/prviacy "scene"
               | would concur.
               | 
               | Satoshi was, obviously, careful about opsec. Therefor I
               | do not think they would lie about such a trivial and
               | vague detail such as saying someone else is more linux
               | capable than they are, because it would be a risk to lie
               | about it compared to not lying.
        
               | ak_111 wrote:
               | I know it sounds utterly morbid, but has anyone proposed
               | the conspiracy that Len was "suicided" after his identity
               | was identified by a very shady -- possibly state-backed
               | -- actors . This guy was a walking bag of cash at that
               | point and people have been killed for far less.
        
             | mortallywounded wrote:
             | Len was a Macbook user, but he would not have done Bitcoin
             | on his personal laptop. It's much more likely he used
             | available PCs in a computer lab on the campus he
             | studied/worked at, which were likely Windows machines.
             | 
             | It's also been shown Satoshi (and Len's) activities aligned
             | and they overlapped with a school/academic year.
        
               | mortallywounded wrote:
               | Here's Len's macbook as proof:
               | 
               | https://www.flickr.com/photos/enochsmiles/449655745/
               | 
               | Fun fact, he was experimenting with email based image
               | uploads on flickr. That was around the time Satoshi
               | suggested they build an image hosting site that accepts
               | Bitcoin.
               | 
               | It's not a leap to assume Len's brain made the following
               | cypherpunk leaps:
               | 
               | remailer (anonymous email) -> image upload by email ->
               | pay via semi-anonymous crypto currency
               | 
               | Len's own bio says, "I have a very strong interest in the
               | real-world applicability of my work."
        
             | subsubzero wrote:
             | yup, agree, also looking how Len writes, he is definitely
             | not Satoshi. You can see on his twitter(Len) -
             | https://twitter.com/lensassaman that he is quite punctual,
             | ie. sentences end with periods, quotation is accurate. What
             | gives it away is every sentence he writes on twitter is one
             | space after the period, Satoshi is 2 spaces every single
             | time. Also seeing the same thing for Hal
             | Finney(https://twitter.com/halfin), so my deduction is
             | neither of them is Satoshi.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Hal's personal site has two spaces after a period.
        
               | subsubzero wrote:
               | I see one space - https://web.archive.org/web/20140403012
               | 916/http://www.finney...
               | 
               | EDIT - really interesting, could very well be Hal, every
               | sentence after a period ends with 2 spaces - view-source:
               | https://web.archive.org/web/20140403012916/http://www.fin
               | ney...
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | View source.
        
               | BlueTemplar wrote:
               | Wait, what causes this kind of replacement ??
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | HTML considers whitespace insignificant.
        
               | alisonatwork wrote:
               | PINE (the mail client) had a ^J keyboard shortcut to
               | justify the lines. It's been a long time since I used it,
               | but I seem to recall that it would insert double space
               | after period when you hit that key. It might even have
               | been possible to set it up to auto justify on save/send.
               | I suspect that's why a lot of old (plain text) email had
               | the double space after period and perhaps still does in
               | OSS circles.
               | 
               | I think the default vim justification worked that way
               | too. Around this time I went through a phase of bloody-
               | mindedly using Mail/mailx and vi on OpenBSD while still
               | sending mail through my ISP's SMTP and using fetchmail to
               | grab it through POP3. I would not at all be surprised if
               | cypherpunk types were doing the same thing, even if their
               | main desktop or laptop was Windows and they used single
               | space after period for non-email communication.
               | 
               | Edit to add: I just looked up fmt(1) manpage[0] and it
               | specifically mentions using it to format mails, and that
               | the default is two space after period.
               | 
               | [0] https://man.openbsd.org/fmt.1
        
               | someplaceguy wrote:
               | The bitcoin whitepaper was written in OpenOffice and it
               | also has double spaces after periods, which doesn't fit
               | your theory.
        
               | alisonatwork wrote:
               | I don't really have a theory, just sharing my experience
               | growing up being taught to use two spaces, then in the
               | early 2000s consciously adjusting my writing style back
               | to one space, then having my plaintext emails still end
               | up with two spaces anyway.
               | 
               | It's interesting that a document written in a WYSIWYG
               | word processor would have two spaces because I think what
               | originally got me to switch to one was word processor
               | auto corrects removing the extra space, or at least
               | putting blue squigglies in during the grammar check.
               | 
               | I guess my feeling is that although this might be an
               | indicator of authorship, it's not necessarily a smoking
               | gun one way or the other.
        
               | dogman144 wrote:
               | There's a great write up on Len that digs into this style
               | of analysis and others, and that's what sold me. Worth
               | reading if it the topic interests you, it's linked
               | elsewhere here I think! Lots of fun spacing, timezone to
               | forum posts analysis, who worked and researched with
               | who...
        
         | WhereIsTheTruth wrote:
         | Just trace its usecases, it leads to both EU/FED exploring a
         | digital fiat and a digital passport, must be someone who has
         | worked with the government
         | 
         | My theory: the CIA/NSA
        
         | greyface- wrote:
         | There is some evidence pointing to a Covad IP address in Los
         | Angeles: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=29728339
        
       | tambourine_man wrote:
       | There is a great book and/or movie just waiting to be made about
       | Satoshi. Such a great story.
        
         | cachvico wrote:
         | Broaden "Satoshi" to the creation story of Bitcoin, and there
         | already are; Banking on Bitcoin is a good one.
        
           | dogman144 wrote:
           | Banking on Bitcoin is such a useful explainer of the space
           | and its implications. Not a lot of that content around
           | anymore.
        
         | noman-land wrote:
         | No one has a good ending!
        
         | thinkmassive wrote:
         | Digital Cash: The Unknown History of the Anarchists, Utopians,
         | and Technologists Who Created Cryptocurrency
         | 
         | by Finn Brunton
        
       | wslh wrote:
       | The top Satoshi archeologist is Sergio Lerner:
       | https://bitslog.com/
       | 
       | Official security auditor of Bitcoin and Ethereum.
        
         | jesperwe wrote:
         | Maybe HE is Satoshi!
        
           | idiotsecant wrote:
           | Big brain move, be the leading authority on not identifying
           | yourself.
        
             | chrononaut wrote:
             | Made me think of
             | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Hanssen
             | 
             | > In the letter, he gave the names of three KGB agents
             | secretly working for the FBI: Boris Yuzhin, Valery
             | Martynov, and Sergei Motorin ... Hanssen was recalled yet
             | again to Washington, D.C., in 1987. He was tasked with
             | studying all known and rumored penetrations of the FBI to
             | find the man who had betrayed Martynov and Motorin; this
             | meant, in effect, that he was charged with searching for
             | himself.
        
       | noman-land wrote:
       | Satoshi double spaces after periods.
        
         | chrisoconnell wrote:
         | The real analysis is here.
        
         | dboreham wrote:
         | Must be American then.
        
           | raid2000 wrote:
           | Or just above the age of 35 or so?
        
             | hansvm wrote:
             | Or if their typing instructor grew up around that time.
        
           | BlackjackCF wrote:
           | I thought the double spacing was a typewriter thing. Is it
           | uniquely American?
        
             | seanhunter wrote:
             | It is not.
             | 
             | I learned to do it because old-school unix vi would
             | identify your sentences better for sentence-based moves if
             | you had 2 spaces after the period. I'm actually trying to
             | unlearn it now because you don't need it for any kind of
             | vim/neovim and I read on some ultrapedantic typesetting
             | website that it's wrong for some reason I don't quite
             | remember now.
             | 
             | In any case it's definitely _not_ specifically American
             | (neither am I) and all the other  "forensics" that people
             | are trying based on vocab etc are somewhat of a stretch
             | also. eg non-Americans use "gotten" non British people use
             | "British" English (eg people from Ireland or from former
             | British colonies for the most part) non-Americans use "ize"
             | sometimes for spellings (I could never be bothered to learn
             | the few exceptions needed to spell "ize/ise" words
             | correctly in the British style and worked enough for
             | American companies who wanted US spelling as a house style
             | for my personal spelling to be even remotely consistent and
             | certainly not indicative of where I am from.
        
               | seabass-labrax wrote:
               | As a British person, despite having been taught that the
               | '-ise' suffix is 'proper' English, I have made some
               | effort to unlearn this habit, as it was never really
               | based on any etymological roots anyway. Here's what
               | Wiktionary has to say about it[1]:                 Many
               | English verbs end in the suffix /aIz/. Historically, this
               | has been spelled -ize on words originating from Greek
               | (for example baptize, Hellenize), while -ise has been
               | used, especially in -vise, -tise, -cise and -prise, on
               | words that came from French or Latin roots (for example
               | surprise, supervise). In the 19th century, it became
               | common in the United Kingdom (due to French influence)...
               | to use -ise also on words that had historically been
               | spelled -ize (hence baptise, Hellenise). However, the...
               | Oxford English Dictionary continue to use the spelling
               | -ize on Greek words, and -ize has always been the
               | spelling used in the United States and Canada on such
               | words.
               | 
               | The whole debate becomes rather moot when it is
               | considered that Ancient Greek didn't use the Latin
               | script, so both '-ize' or '-ise' would have looked
               | distinctly foreign to a Greek author two thousand years
               | ago. Horace so succinctly noted that "Captive Greece took
               | captive her savage conqueror and brought civilisation to
               | barbarous Latium", but he might have been a little less
               | glowing if the orthography of Greek loanwords was as
               | heated a debate in Rome as it is in contemporary Britain!
               | 
               | [1]: https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/-ize
        
           | seanhunter wrote:
           | I must also be American in that case. (Hint: I'm not).
        
           | Mistletoe wrote:
           | Exactly how we learned to do in keyboarding class. It's still
           | with me after all these years.
        
           | RajT88 wrote:
           | My wife double spaces after periods, and although she is a US
           | citizen, she is not a product of the American education
           | system.
           | 
           | My wife is Satoshi Nakamoto.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | Now I'm sensing a whole "I am Spartacus" thing happening.
        
               | DrBazza wrote:
               | I'm Satoshi and so is my wife.
               | 
               | I didn't think double spaces after a full stop is an
               | American thing. We were taught that in the 70s back when
               | typewriters were still a thing. And I can't break the
               | habit today.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | I've seen it from various people from various
               | backgrounds. The biggest commonality is age (typewriters)
               | but I've seen it from youngsters, too.
               | 
               | I split the difference as my typing grew up with LaTeX so
               | I want a slightly larger space after a period, but I
               | don't care to type it ;)
        
               | RajT88 wrote:
               | I was taught typing on electric typewriters in junior
               | high, and yes 2 spaces after a period.
               | 
               | Which is strange, because my first typing experience was
               | on Apple IIe's in grade school. I don't recall any typing
               | instruction back then, so probably my double space habit
               | comes from the electric typewriter instruction.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The "double space" for typewriters comes from style
               | guides based on typesetting which was based on
               | limitations of the type used in the ancient days.
               | 
               | There's much argument over whether it is proper or not,
               | and if so, how much. See _The Elements of Typographic
               | Style_ or _A Few Notes on Book Design_ - https://mirror.m
               | ath.princeton.edu/pub/CTAN/info/memdesign/me...
        
               | ramses0 wrote:
               | Dr.[space]Pepper is a soft drink.[space][space]This is a
               | new sentence. Actually, "Dr Pepper" doesn't use a period
               | so the point is void, but there's definitely some
               | potential semantic (and display) differences between the
               | periods in (eg) N.A.S.A. and the periods at end of a
               | sentence. Not quite as straightforward as you might
               | think.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | The books go into it, and LaTeX has \\. for periods that
               | are not sentence-stops (there's even more, as word-
               | breaking and line-breaking come into play, as you don't
               | want to end a line with Dr. when it's part of a name,
               | etc.
        
               | BlueTemplar wrote:
               | My wife is Satoshi too ! _insert two spaced salute_
        
               | RajT88 wrote:
               | There is an inside joke here as well.
               | 
               | I regularly accuse my wife of being Satoshi Nakamoto.
        
           | jinwoo68 wrote:
           | It might be just that he uses Emacs for writing emails. Emacs
           | uses double space after periods by default.
        
             | sokoloff wrote:
             | Emacs uses the _presence of double spaces after periods_ as
             | a marker that that particular sequence of text is the end
             | of a sentence. It doesn 't insert them by default, but
             | rather interprets their insertion in a particular way.
             | 
             | See: sentence-end-double-space, a variable, and sentence-
             | end, a function, both defined in 'paragraphs.el'.
             | 
             | Other editors made this same interpretation of existing,
             | common practice.
        
         | stavros wrote:
         | I heard that Satoshi was Hal Finney (from a good friend of
         | Hal's). Looking at his personal site, guess how many spaces
         | there are after a period:
         | 
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20140403012916/http://www.finney...
        
           | jablongo wrote:
           | On this website there are single spaces following periods.
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | View source.
        
             | elaus wrote:
             | When HTML is rendered, multiple normal white space
             | characters collapse into one, e.g. if you write "<p>Hello
             | it's me</p>" it will be displayed in a browser as "Hello
             | it's me". The source code tells the whole truth.
        
               | aqfamnzc wrote:
               | Haha, HN seems to have removed your demo whitespace.
               | (Even in the source)
        
           | dontupvoteme wrote:
           | I think it's a fair bet that Satoshi is either dead, insane,
           | or the government. Finney checks the most likely one.
        
             | neom wrote:
             | The government is a new (but fun) one for me! What's the
             | theory there?
        
               | dontupvoteme wrote:
               | It's a mechanism by which the CIA(or others!) could pay
               | operatives covertly.
               | 
               | I'm pretty sure i read this like a decade ago, but to me
               | it makes sense. Especially given that numbers stations
               | apparently blared out orders into the late 1900s.
        
               | maipen wrote:
               | Never made sense to me.
               | 
               | Bitcoin is open. Cash is private and anonymous.
               | 
               | If monero was the first currency to come out I would've
               | considered that.
        
       | alicelebi wrote:
       | Blast from the past.
        
       | raid2000 wrote:
       | > The VPS has 320MB RAM, 50MB of which is currently free. There's
       | also 500MB swap space.
       | 
       | Every MB counts!
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | > It's kind of fun to read about the state of "VPS hosting"
         | from those days. Lots of downtime. Unexpected reboots.
         | 
         | Absolutely not my experience from those days, VPSs were rock-
         | solid for me.
        
           | raid2000 wrote:
           | Maybe they were trying to save money. There's another quote
           | where Satoshi suggests being frugal:
           | 
           | > It might be a long time before we get another donation like
           | that, we should save a lot of it.
        
           | wolrah wrote:
           | > Absolutely not my experience from those days, VPSs were
           | rock-solid for me.
           | 
           | Likewise, my personal toy VPS actually dates back to 2009 and
           | the only unplanned downtime it's ever had were when Linode
           | was one of the targets of one of those big DDoS waves a few
           | years back. Even then it was online and working fine
           | internally, just limited in its ability to reach the outside
           | world.
           | 
           | The VPS itself has been rock solid and in 15 years the only
           | times it's not been at least trying to serve whatever I have
           | on it have been when I've rebooted it for updates.
        
         | swozey wrote:
         | I found those specs really curious as I worked in webhosting
         | (even rax which is in the thread) and we didn't have anything
         | near that low for a vps, but reading further I guess they're
         | using some random fly-by-night webhost that doesn't even have a
         | cPanel or Plesk license or anything for the user to self-
         | service, they base all of their pricing on linode and you have
         | to call/ticket in to manage your site.
         | 
         | I don't know the background of satoshi, etc (of course) but
         | that's a $10 vps and they're complaining about running out of
         | memory, etc in the thread.. Why so cheap? Dedicated xeon
         | servers back then were 80-250 and vps filled every other price
         | range.
         | 
         | And if they just need to compile a python widget on linux with
         | a desktop WM... we had the technology to do that locally in
         | 2009..
        
           | ajross wrote:
           | > Why so cheap?
           | 
           | It was an amateur open source project hosting a simple site
           | for project collaboration, in an era before the FAANG bubble
           | in engineer salaries. I think $10/month for a hobby thing is
           | about right.
           | 
           | Also recognize that this was still in the "OMG how did
           | computers get so fast" era. Our intuition about the time was
           | still colored by the 486's on which we'd all installed Linux
           | for the first time (or the Sparcstations we used at school,
           | same deal). Even today a 100+ MHz device still "feels fast"
           | to me, and recognize that I write audio firmware on 400-800
           | MHz DSP cores.
        
             | swozey wrote:
             | I mean, I just said I was in this business back then. I was
             | probably 22 and making a whole $40k in my first "real"
             | engineering job at Hostway, then Hostgator, then Rackspace,
             | etc. And I owned multiple servers. A $40 VPS was not a big
             | ask in 2009. I absolutely didn't make FAANG salary nor did
             | 99.9% of our VPS customers. We used to stick 1-3k customers
             | on one $350/month dell poweredge.
             | 
             | We had _millions_ of customers with VPS of various pricing
             | and traffic and businesses.
             | 
             | > Also recognize that this was still in the "OMG how did
             | computers get so fast" era.
             | 
             | I'm so confused by this statement. I've been in datacenters
             | since 2005, if we ever had a "omg fast cpus" moment
             | anywhere in that time line it was when AMD Epyc came out
             | around 2016 and we could push massive PCIE bandwidth for
             | vfio/etc. Beyond that we've been sitting on various 2-4ghz
             | xeons for 25 years. I'm confused on the 486 comparison. I
             | had a 486 when I was 8, 31 years ago.
             | 
             | TWO THOUSAND AND NINE 2 0 0 9
             | 
             | "Before the SV balloon in salaries".. dude, we're talking
             | under a $100/month... In 2009. Your comment makes it sound
             | like this was the yesteryear of computers, like 1988 or
             | something, this comment has me so confused.
             | 
             | The entire thread is them talking about putting a
             | tiddlywiki+phpbb on a VPS. This, aside from LAMP/etc stacks
             | were the most common hosting product sold and were usually
             | $5-10/mo plans. I have a feeling they're actually using one
             | of those scammy "free" webhosts you used to be able to get
             | off of somethingawful, etc. that would disappear after 2
             | months and were probably CSAM vectors.
             | 
             | It's just a very strange level of frugality, which is
             | mentioned in this HN thread elsewhere. It sounds like they
             | were only using donations to move forward, nothing wrong
             | with that, just interesting how low skill/researched their
             | infrastructure stuff is for someone who seemingly can
             | create a thing like bitcoin.
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | You lost me. You asked why someone would rent a bottom
               | tier hosting solution in 2009, and I told gave you an
               | answer as someone who was paying somewhere around that
               | for hobby projects at right around the same time. I mean,
               | I'm sure you're right in some sense that there were
               | better choices, there always are.
               | 
               | But this wasn't a weird choice at all, unless you want to
               | inform it with a BTC quote from 2018 or whatever.
        
       | fenalphthalein wrote:
       | Honest inquiry here - What I don't understand is how people think
       | the identification of Satoshi is "bound to happen". What did the
       | person do wrong, exactly?
       | 
       | Based on how I understand it, if the person did nothing wrong by
       | inventing Bitcoin, no investigation will occur and no judge will
       | sign off on a search warrant to get the ID data. No private
       | investigator will be able to obtain the data either, as ISPs
       | wouldn't just dish out private info like that without a warrant.
       | 
       | Did the inventor of Bitcoin do something wrong to allow for a
       | judge to violate their privacy in a court case? That's the only
       | way I see the info getting out, but is there a crime to allow
       | that situation to arise?
       | 
       | What other (legal or illegal) path is there to identify a person
       | who posted something online?
        
         | keiferski wrote:
         | The USG seems pretty intent on implementing KYC across the
         | entirety of the financial system, so it wouldn't really
         | surprise me if they aimed to identify wallets holding large
         | (say, $100 million USD or more) amounts of Bitcoin.
        
           | dannyw wrote:
           | Realistically the threshold will be something like $100.
        
           | le-mark wrote:
           | Would this not be self reported by wallet owners? Because if
           | each transaction uses a unique wallet address, funds are very
           | difficult to connect to an owner. Until they're connected to
           | a sale to fiat at least?
        
             | keiferski wrote:
             | Yes but my point is more that if the resources of a nation
             | state are at play, they will probably be able to figure out
             | who Satoshi is/was.
        
         | phone8675309 wrote:
         | Governments are going to argue that the creation of BitCoin and
         | lack of KYC to use it is a major contributor to money
         | laundering.
        
         | ekabod wrote:
         | Maybe one country jurisdiction thinks he may owe taxes, so they
         | may investigate.
        
         | dogman144 wrote:
         | The space has moved past this risk for a lot of reasons, to
         | start. And it's hard to understand I think in light of modern
         | (relative to pre-2018/19) widespread mainstream adoption.
         | 
         | But, a long term protection for BTC when it was smaller and tbh
         | anyone's guess how it would turn out (still is IMO), was: who
         | are you going to haul into senate hearings, court, cryptography
         | export control violations, whatever over BTC?
         | 
         | This happened ample times in the recent past before BTC with
         | digital money attempts and cryptography projects. It's
         | happening now with mixers on btc and ethereum. It was a real
         | risk to BTC in its own way.
         | 
         | With BTC then and now, there was no real leader though. There
         | were important core devs and industry leads, but no one held
         | true sway like, say, Vitalik did with eth early days.
         | 
         | So it wasn't so much a firm "did something wrong" risk for
         | BTC's founder, but more of a concern that the US govt had taken
         | _very_ heavyhanded measures against many similar projects to
         | BTC. As there was no one to target in BTC's case, this
         | protection played a large role in its early push into staying
         | power.
         | 
         | Also going to color this with CIA had the lead dev at the time
         | visit them to discuss it in _2011._ So there was certainly some
         | real sustained attention to it from the start.
        
           | fenalphthalein wrote:
           | Sounds like this person was really smart to begin with. High-
           | level societal awareness caused them to choose the private
           | route, and focus on releasing something for the greater good.
           | 
           | I wouldn't be surprised if this person never even took a
           | single bitcoin for themselves, other than the ones used for
           | code testing purposes. That would create another avenue for
           | people to come after them if it became public that they
           | hoarded some of the Bitcoin for themselves.
        
             | reactordev wrote:
             | This. Maybe, Satoshi saw where it was going, knew it had
             | wings, didn't want to be the elephant's plaything in some
             | senate hearing, and bowed out. Sometimes people make things
             | because it's the right thing to do. Other times people make
             | things because they are experimenting and seeing what
             | sticks. This was a case of both. The right idea, at the
             | right time, without hubris, and without someone to blame or
             | throw in court if the experiment fails.
        
             | johnmaguire wrote:
             | > I wouldn't be surprised if this person never even took a
             | single bitcoin for themselves, other than the ones used for
             | code testing purposes.
             | 
             | Unlikely - https://coincodex.com/article/28459/satoshi-
             | nakamoto-wallet-...
        
               | jjmarr wrote:
               | The value of his publicly-known wallets are well into the
               | tens of billions. Yet Nakamoto has not cashed out.
        
               | arein3 wrote:
               | Maybe he will cash out in the future if his cryosleep
               | awakening will be successful
               | 
               | Allegedly this guy is nakamoto https://en.m.wikipedia.org
               | /wiki/Hal_Finney_(computer_scienti...
        
             | tromp wrote:
             | Satoshi could have chosen a 0 BTC subsidy in the blocks he
             | mined. Or he could have burned all the BTC he mined. But he
             | chose to do neither, leaving himself as the biggest BTC
             | owner ever.
             | 
             | Other coins have been designed in a way where the founders
             | can only obtain coins by mining them in very small
             | quantities or buying them on the open market (mostly by
             | fixing the block subsidy forever).
        
               | dogman144 wrote:
               | I mean that "other coins design" part is looking at this
               | aspect from the 2024 perspective of many blockchains many
               | designs existing.
               | 
               | In 2009, calling Bitcoin the only blockchain in town
               | doesn't even do service to its extreme novelty at the
               | time.
               | 
               | There were no other ideas on how to design, let alone any
               | ideas on what would work long term, and there were no
               | "open markets" for crypto haha.
        
               | bitcoin_anon wrote:
               | Or he deleted the keys.
               | 
               | Also can you choose a smaller subsidy? Wouldn't that be
               | an invalid block?
        
               | tromp wrote:
               | Yes, the coinbase can be any value from 0 to the maximum,
               | which is subsidy + fees. It has been below the maximum
               | several times in fact.
        
           | BlueTemplar wrote:
           | When in 2011 ? You seem to mean that it was unknown by then,
           | but it wasn't : 2011 was pretty much the year when it blew up
           | into the public consciousness, spreading from the likes of
           | Slashdot and Ars Technica into more generalist publications
           | (also causing its first - or was that 2nd? - bubble popping)
           | :
           | 
           | "The Crypto-Currency" - The New Yorker (2011)
           | 
           | https://archive.is/wsbcQ
           | 
           | (I love how I picked it randomly, and the first two subtitles
           | are "Bitcoin and its mysterious inventor." and "It's not
           | clear if bitcoin is legal, but there is no company in control
           | and no one to arrest.")
        
             | dogman144 wrote:
             | I know what you're getting at but I disagree with the
             | analysis and I'll try to frame what I mean, which is
             | somewhat the opposite.
             | 
             | I mean the '11 visit is indicative of serious attention
             | paid to by serious people very early on relative to the
             | rest of crypto's history. As in, the founder was right to
             | be cautious.
             | 
             | "Early on" in this case means that outside of tech pubs and
             | curiosity pieces due to the compelling founder mystery, the
             | space was treated as a joke by and large. Like watch
             | Banking on Bitcoin, and imagine trying to convince critics
             | of it at that time that ETFs, crypto aide to Ukraine, 3x
             | nation state adoptions, custody teams at big banks, and so
             | on were all coming. I would just completely disagree if you
             | argued this wasn't the theme then. So yes, 2011 and intel
             | agency interest is quite early on.
             | 
             | For example, it's taken 15 years to get tangible regulatory
             | clarity which arguably just starting finally with the ETF.
        
             | paulpauper wrote:
             | this is like winning lotto ticket but not cashing it .
             | anyone in theory could have read the article or related
             | ones and bought some, but you would needed to hold
        
         | IncreasePosts wrote:
         | It only takes one person at an ISP to steal and leak the data.
         | I mean, an IRS employee leaked the president's tax returns and
         | is currently in federal prison for it. I imagine the stakes are
         | much lower for just stealing some IP address assignment data
         | from an ISP archive(if such an archive exists).
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | It only takes one VPN to hide it.
        
             | ziddoap wrote:
             | VPN's shift the trust, they don't eliminate the need for
             | it.
             | 
             | Feel free to read the above as:
             | 
             | > _It only takes one person at a VPN provider to steal and
             | leak the data._
        
               | mksybr wrote:
               | Perhaps he only communicated as satoshi over Tor.
        
               | reactordev wrote:
               | You've never played Uplink I see. One doesn't just hop to
               | one VPN and call it a day...
        
           | paulpauper wrote:
           | probably used TOR
        
         | mortallywounded wrote:
         | I don't think it's a legal issue. People want to know who it
         | was and credit where it's due.
         | 
         | Satoshi didn't do anything wrong but distributed consensus was
         | finally solved (or so it seems) and that's a big deal.
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | Idolization of Satoshi is strong. For that reason alone, if I
           | were him/her, I would disappear. The work is self-evident and
           | the idea a dime a dozen. The execution of it and the fact
           | that it was accepted is what we should be idolizing. Which is
           | exactly what happened. BTC became a _thing_ and was no longer
           | an _idea_. I reject anyone claiming to be Satoshi because
           | Satoshi would never claim to be Satoshi. ;)
        
             | mortallywounded wrote:
             | That's why I hope the truth comes out. If say, Satoshi is
             | Len, then Satoshi is no longer a god. He's a regular dude,
             | that suffered like many people and tragically took his own
             | life. There's a lot to unwrap there.
        
               | reactordev wrote:
               | Maybe, we are better off NOT knowing. Having closure
               | could mean the end of BTC. It could mean the end of a lot
               | of things. It could also be beginnings, no doubt.
               | However, like Schrodinger's cat, it's best if it's kept
               | in a state of quantum entanglement.
        
         | hansvm wrote:
         | > as ISPs wouldn't just dish out private info like that without
         | a warrant
         | 
         | ISPs regularly sell private data to the highest bidder.
         | Similarly with payroll providers and whatnot (a non-trivial
         | fraction of my paystubs -- not just salary, but withholding,
         | exempt tax status, ... -- are available to anyone with a few
         | dollars; historically, it _seems_ like the only buyers have
         | been employers trying to see if their salary offers aligned
         | with my expectations).
        
           | fckgw wrote:
           | They'll sell anonymized data in aggregate but no, you can't
           | just go to an ISP and buy the user behind an IP without a
           | court order.
        
             | hansvm wrote:
             | They sell "anonymized" data, not just "aggregated". The
             | only missing link is tying that back to a real person
             | (i.e., they haven't solved differential privacy; they've
             | just given the illusion that they're not selling personal
             | data). Tying it back to a real person is easy though
             | because the non-anonymized fields (age, gender, salary,
             | zip-code, ...) are uniquely identifying for most
             | individuals and are available for sale tied back to a real
             | human from other sources which you can fuzzily join the ISP
             | data into.
             | 
             | It's similar to how bitcoin transactions (before mixers and
             | whatnot) were de-anonymized. You have the secret
             | information (an identity), the public information
             | (transaction history), and you're able to fuzzily join that
             | public information to other public sources containing the
             | secret information to also have secret information tied
             | with the original "anonymous" source.
        
               | ziddoap wrote:
               | Just to re-emphasize, because I think it's really poorly
               | understood: most "anonymized" data is a few additional
               | data points away from being re-identified.
               | 
               | Data re-identification was already happening in 2006
               | (just one example below). And now there's exponentially
               | more data available to use for this purpose.
               | 
               | > _We apply our de-anonymization methodology to the
               | Netflix Prize dataset, which contains anonymous movie
               | ratings of 500,000 subscribers of Netflix, the world's
               | largest online movie rental service. We demonstrate that
               | an adversary who knows only a little bit about an
               | individual subscriber can easily identify this
               | subscriber's record in the dataset. Using the Internet
               | Movie Database as the source of background knowledge, we
               | successfully identified the Netflix records of known
               | users, uncovering their apparent political preferences
               | and other potentially sensitive information._
               | 
               | [1]
               | https://www.cs.utexas.edu/~shmat/shmat_oak08netflix.pdf
        
             | welder wrote:
             | Yes you can, companies have deals with ISPs for individual
             | real-time mobile and home browsing data. If you pay enough
             | it has real names, otherwise it has person id and household
             | id along with other data that makes it easy to associate
             | with the real person or household.
        
             | acdha wrote:
             | American ISPs injected tracking codes into their user's
             | HTTP traffic so they could get paid by advertisers. I would
             | not speak in absolutes about that, especially because
             | anonymizing data is a hard problem which even we'll-
             | intended people have made mistakes with.
        
         | usrusr wrote:
         | Dark sarcasm take: there's a large volume of early bitcoin that
         | may or may not be lost forever. The risk of addresses that have
         | gone dark a long time ago lighting up again must have a big
         | influence of any bitcoin evaluation that is at least in part
         | based on reason. Fossilized coins could hugely change the
         | supply/demand dynamic. The documented death of a person
         | believed to be Satoshi would significantly shift that risk
         | assessment. Nobody would _know_ wether the person took
         | meaningful keys to their grave or not, but the risk equation
         | would contain one scenario less than before in the category of
         | old coin flood.
        
         | thefatboy wrote:
         | Why do you think they want his identity because he did
         | something WRONG?
        
         | aillia wrote:
         | I hear your point and it's a valid one. Consider the recent
         | case of Tornado Cash and the Open Source Is Not A Crime
         | movement. Two individuals were arrested for developing open-
         | source code on GitHub. Just last week, GoFundMe shut down the
         | Tornado Cash legal defense crowdfunding. This suggests that the
         | state is more interested in protecting itself from individuals
         | rather than defending their rights. This could potentially set
         | a precedent where inventors or developers of decentralized
         | technologies could be targeted, even if they've done nothing
         | inherently wrong. If interested you can learn more here:
         | https://wewantjusticedao.org/
        
           | thisgoesnowhere wrote:
           | Well either that or what they were doing is just obviously
           | illegal and they should be at fault for it.
        
           | hef19898 wrote:
           | Tornado Cash was what, money laundering and circumvention of
           | sanctions? Pretty illegal.
        
           | cududa wrote:
           | Oh this is bullshit and you know it. Another example of "we
           | didn't call it a security so it's not a security"
           | 
           | They weren't arrested for the code. They were arrested for
           | actively participating and profiting off money laundering
           | with North Korea being a customer.
           | 
           | Zero-knowledge proofs are different from public ledgers.
           | That's where the issue comes in to play. The Treasury
           | Department has already given guidance that cryptocurrency
           | mixers fall under Know Your Customer laws and the Bank
           | Secrecy Act, and are required to know who exactly is using
           | their services and how.
           | 
           | It's not "Criminalizing Open Source". You live in a society
           | with laws. Obfuscating classic financial products with tech
           | jargon worked for the first half of the decade.
           | 
           | Y'all are just mad it doesn't work anymore and claim "You
           | just don't understand the technology. You haven't issued
           | guidance on specifics of crypto currency. You can't use
           | hundred year old laws"
           | 
           | Yes, you can use 100 year old laws. At the end of the day,
           | the financial shenanigans of most crypto, exchanges, and
           | tokens are _fundamentally_ the same things that have already
           | been regulated. You just have new words.
        
             | ipaddr wrote:
             | You live in a society of variable laws that change at
             | runtime get applied unevenly.
        
           | avgDev wrote:
           | Tornado cash was doing something illegal.
           | 
           | GoFundMe is a business, which may do whatever it wants.
           | Tornado Cash has no rights to obtain funds though GoFundMe.
        
             | soojimit wrote:
             | Tornado Cash is a protocol which can be used by both good
             | and bad actors. Saying TC was responsible for bad actors
             | laundering their crypto through the protocol is like saying
             | auto makers are responsible for car crashes or Bob Kahn is
             | responsible for all the illegal activities on the internet.
        
         | treffer wrote:
         | These court orders might also happen if someone _claims_ that
         | crimes have happened.
         | 
         | The legal system has to come to that conclusion, which requires
         | an investigation.
         | 
         | Yeah it must be an important claim. That's of course completely
         | unacceptable and illegal. But it is one way such warrants could
         | happen.
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | I think people who follow / read up on the thing have a pretty
         | good idea who it is but as you say he didn't really do anything
         | wrong. Reasons for anonymity include not having criminals try
         | to extort you and maybe some government having a go over money
         | laundering or people suing for this of that so I think people
         | with a good idea stay quiet to respect Satoshi's desires.
         | 
         | I've got a theory he may come out and donate to a charitable
         | foundation when he's old and near the end.
        
         | tsimionescu wrote:
         | > ISPs wouldn't just dish out private info like that without a
         | warrant.
         | 
         | ISPs routinely sell such information for money en masse. Police
         | departments are a major buyer, but also ad agencies and others.
         | Plus, bribing a low level employee for access to such records,
         | or directly infiltrating the ISP to get access yourself, is
         | child's play to any determined group.
         | 
         | It is extraordinarily naive, especially in a post-Snowden
         | world, to think that any and all information available to a
         | private company is not also available to, at least, spy
         | agencies of the parent state.
        
         | falserum wrote:
         | > Did the inventor of Bitcoin do something wrong to allow for a
         | judge to violate their privacy in a court case? That's the only
         | way I see the info getting out, but is there a crime to allow
         | that situation to arise?
         | 
         | This feels like wrong framework/approach. Fundamentaly question
         | here: "is it worth it for somebody?" Economists path to an
         | answer: If for somebody[3], profit[1] of identifying satoshi
         | outweighs the cost[2], it will be done.
         | 
         | [1] profit in very abstract sense. E.g. elimination of
         | (perceived?) threat, aquisition of credible threat to other
         | enemies, political points, money, making an example for others,
         | showing off skills.
         | 
         | [2] "cost" is also used in very abstract sense. E.g. Favor from
         | a known(or compromised) judge, man hours dedicated by FBI/MI6,
         | money, negative press budget after "bending" some rules, risk
         | of getting caught by supriors/underlinglins/press/constituents.
         | 
         | [3] "somebody" - to no surprise - can be anybody/anything. E.g.
         | A corporation, a government, maybe single branch or department,
         | maybe sole individual able to use his government position for
         | personal gain, an employee of ISP, a blockchain historian, most
         | likely Satoshi's ex.
         | 
         | Important to note: both individuals and governments do break
         | the law when they think it is necessary.
         | 
         | I find at least two credible incentives to find satoshi:
         | 
         | - bitcoin can be used to lounder money, circumvent financial
         | sanctions, so governments want to stop that and make example of
         | it.
         | 
         | - Satoshi, has 1 000 000 bitcoins. That's a lot of money. a)
         | banal roberies are done for far less. b) CIA or similar might
         | want to know who wields this much resource, friend or foe
         | (especially if its value would grow even more)
         | 
         | How Satoshi can be uncovered I have no idea, but the story of
         | Silkroad owner shows, that minor slipups can be revealed after
         | number of years.
        
       | mortallywounded wrote:
       | If you want a detailed look at all of the Satoshi evidence
       | (circumstantial and others), check out this paper:
       | 
       | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2206.10257v14.pdf
       | 
       | If you want the TLDR; the meat is the "Candidates" section about
       | Len Sassaman and the original Bitcoin paper's references (in
       | particular, how Len was the only person with the right skill set,
       | in the right place, at the right time to even get a copy of the
       | referenced work).... among a mountain of other circumstantial
       | evidence.
        
       | intotheabyss wrote:
       | Small blockers in shambles
        
       | 2024throwaway wrote:
       | Anyone have a TLDR summary of what is interesting in this very
       | long page?
        
         | m3kw9 wrote:
         | Just chitchat during the development of bitcoin. You can
         | understand a lot about how bitcoin design choices came to be
         | from Satoshi own reasonings. The white paper doesn't spell
         | these out in detail
        
           | 2024throwaway wrote:
           | I guess specifically I'm curious how this would be
           | relevant/useful in the court case mentioned.
        
       | chrsw wrote:
       | I just assumed "Satoshi Nakamoto" was an alias for a small group
       | of people all working on the same code base/idea.
        
         | TheBlight wrote:
         | That seems unlikely. The original code base was fairly small
         | and very much reads like one person was responsible for writing
         | it. Also, the more people who know a secret the less likely it
         | is to be kept.
        
           | chrsw wrote:
           | This is true, but having multiple people involved makes it
           | every difficult to pinpoint one true source. Plus, when I say
           | multiple people I mean 2-3 or 3-4. Not like a big operation.
           | And if these small number are so paranoid about privacy and
           | identity that they invented Bitcoin, I would expect them to
           | be able to keep a secret.
           | 
           | I just find it hard to believe there isn't a single soul
           | walking on this planet right now that has any idea who
           | Satoshi Nakamoto is/was.
        
           | elwell wrote:
           | Satoshi seems to have delved in the dark art technique of
           | print output debugging: https://github.com/Maguines/Bitcoin-v
           | 0.1/blob/2c7a4c9bbb793c...
        
       | ak_111 wrote:
       | Satoshi having the foresight and discipline to take careful
       | measures that would enable him to keep his identity secret, and
       | succeeding to do so up to this point is almost more impressive
       | achievement of his technical skills than bitcoin.
       | 
       | Even back in 2009, it was difficult (impossible?) to operate
       | online without leaving tons of digital footprint, and we can
       | guess that for sure state-backed actors tried to identify him and
       | probably failed. Unless of course he was a state-backed actor(s).
        
         | medo-bear wrote:
         | > Unless of course he was a state-backed actor(s)
         | 
         | I'd be even more impressed if some state had the foresight to
         | come up with Satoshi
        
           | ak_111 wrote:
           | Well, one of the theories I fancy is that we know that Dorian
           | Satoshi Nakamoto worked on a classified defence project, now
           | it is almost impossible that he was the creator of btc,
           | however there is a chance that a group of security service
           | hackers who interacted with him while he worked there were
           | inspired by this eccentric persona and thus decided to adopt
           | his name as a joke when they were thinking of made-up
           | moniker.
        
         | acjohnson55 wrote:
         | Why do you assume state-backed actors failed to identify him?
         | 
         | I would guess he is probably known with a high degree of
         | certainty to at least one nation's intelligence but that
         | publicizing that knowledge and the documentation of it is not
         | in anyone's interest.
        
           | bugglebeetle wrote:
           | I would assume that his entire identity is a little more than
           | a cutout for a U.S. state intelligence agency.
        
             | voidfunc wrote:
             | This. I assume Satoshi is nation state actor. Most likely
             | the US.
        
               | neoncontrails wrote:
               | What makes you think the US would be motivated to
               | hamstring its own Federal Reserve, or threaten the
               | dollar's status as the world's reserve currency?
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | What makes you think that Bitcoin poses _any_ threat to
               | the dollar or the Federal Reserve?
        
         | krick wrote:
         | > probably failed
         | 
         | That's silly. The fact that you don't know who somebody is says
         | nothing about what some "state-backed actor" knows. If
         | anything, I'm fairly confident that some people in NSA/CIA know
         | who he is for a decade at least, and "probably" have it written
         | in some documents that will long outlive you. Of course, this
         | is as proofless statement as you saying that they "probably
         | failed" to figure it out, but what you are saying basically
         | amounts to "it is so unlikely for this to happen, so it's such
         | a miracle it _probably_ happened! " A more reasonable thing to
         | say would be "it is so unlikely for this to happen, so it
         | _probably_ didn 't happen".
        
           | biorach wrote:
           | > That's silly.
           | 
           | That's unnecessary and a bit childish and devalues the rest
           | of your reply
        
             | verve_rat wrote:
             | I think you are over reacting.
        
             | xdavidliu wrote:
             | I would argue that saying "childish" is just as unnecessary
             | as saying "silly"
        
             | DetroitThrow wrote:
             | >That's...childish
             | 
             | That's unnecessary and a bit silly and devalues the rest of
             | your reply
        
           | deepsun wrote:
           | There are limits on secrets lifetime that's highly dependent
           | on number of people in it. Someone even tried to calculate a
           | formula
           | 
           | In democratic societies it's very hard to keep a thing secret
           | that involved 10+ people for 20+ years.
        
             | roenxi wrote:
             | If that calculation was completely wrong, how would anyone
             | know? We never get a perfect snapshot of the world to
             | compare with.
             | 
             | What that stat really says is any conspiracy involving 10+
             | people, if the details manages to stay secret for 20 years,
             | will likely never come to light.
        
               | eganist wrote:
               | With the US at least, it can probably be loosely tested
               | by comparing declassified records (50 years on) with
               | program size at the time.
        
             | tsimionescu wrote:
             | Well, the Manhattan project is a good example of something
             | that remained secret from the public for far longer than
             | any formula would predict, given the gigantic amount of
             | people involved (though of course other state actors knew
             | about it long before).
        
         | asmr wrote:
         | If you dig a lot you will find a footprint. There is evidence
         | that there was a small core team and that satoshi may not be a
         | single person, if it is, he is most likely to be Wei Dai. The
         | other likely alternative is of course the hypothetical state-
         | backed actor.
        
           | dist-epoch wrote:
           | Wei Dei is one of my suspects too, mostly because of
           | Crypto++, but not only.
           | 
           | Why do you suspect is Wei Dei, was there any reveals
           | regarding this in the lasts few years?
        
           | idontwantthis wrote:
           | What is the rationale behind a state creating BTC?
        
             | wil421 wrote:
             | Fund or obfuscate funding for programs they want but the
             | public or political appetite doesn't want to know about it.
        
               | krapp wrote:
               | That's already what black budgets are for. And funding
               | drug cartels.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | And Tor?
               | 
               | Similar possibilities.
        
           | tremarley wrote:
           | On 21/08/2008 Satoshi claims he was not aware of Wei Dei's
           | "B-Money" paper.
        
             | diggan wrote:
             | On the other hand, if they were Wei Dei, they wouldn't
             | exactly say "Ah yes of course, I wrote this paper but don't
             | use that name, use Satoshi" but they would of course say
             | "Oh I didn't know, I'll put a reference to it in my paper".
        
         | dist-epoch wrote:
         | State backed actors in the West don't go on a hunt without
         | orders. Who would be so interested to order his identity
         | discovered? And for what purpose?
         | 
         | They found Bin Laden who didn't allow anyone of his associates
         | to come within 50 km of him with an electronic device.
         | 
         | We will only find out what FBI/CIA is capable of when the
         | Justice Department orders the identity of Satoshi to be
         | discovered.
        
           | k12sosse wrote:
           | We got him, look at the map! See the 50' no-radio circle in
           | the middle of that city? He's there.
           | 
           | Sometimes a lack of signal is a signal itself.
        
             | dist-epoch wrote:
             | Read again, of his associates. He lived in a village, among
             | other houses and people with phones.
        
               | paulpauper wrote:
               | he's a human. only 7 billion of them
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | He's probably dead. My two top picks for who Satoshi might be
         | are Len Sassaman (died 2011) and Hal Finney (died 2014)
         | 
         | There's little point in unmasking somebody who's already dead -
         | their ability to influence future events is gone. So even if
         | state intelligence surveys knew who it was, there'd be no
         | benefit to unmasking it.
        
       | bilater wrote:
       | It's super obvious from his writing his first language is
       | English. Most likely Hal Finney.
        
         | xvedejas wrote:
         | I used to think so too, but the case for Len Sassaman is
         | similarly strong.
        
           | ak_111 wrote:
           | What is the strongest evidence AGAINST Sassaman?
        
             | overkill28 wrote:
             | His wife doesn't think it was him (https://twitter.com/mara
             | dydd/status/1364325186372304904?t=yY...) and the original
             | Bitcoin code/executable was Windows based whereas Sassaman
             | was known to Mac/Linux
        
               | mortallywounded wrote:
               | Those are weak pieces of evidence.
               | 
               | Meredith appears to be telling the truth. She didn't say
               | Len wasn't Satoshi, she simply said to the best of her
               | knowledge he wasn't. That doesn't mean he wasn't working
               | on it covertly.
               | 
               | One of Len's best friends (Bram Cohen) knew Len was
               | posting pseudonymously on the cypherpunk mailing list but
               | never knew what handle he was using. Also, when Bram was
               | about to release BitTorrent Len tried to convince him to
               | do it anonymously. It's not hard to believe that Len
               | would have done it secretly; even from his wife.
               | 
               | Furthermore, Meredith can't be 100% trusted. When Satoshi
               | handed the project over to the maintainers and stopped
               | posting to the cypherpunk mailing list in late 2010,
               | Meredith tweeted, "Bitcoin isn't ready for prime time
               | yet, according to its creator. Interested people can help
               | finish it, though!"[1]
               | 
               | Satoshi never said those words publicly or privately-- so
               | it's a curious thing to say.
               | 
               | As for the computer...
               | 
               | It's likely Len used university computer(s) for the
               | development as the commit times and communication line up
               | with an academic schedule. It's likely the university had
               | Windows computers. Plus; it's one way to isolate the
               | environment and reduce the chance of information leakage
               | (could have even been a Windows VM).
               | 
               | [1]: https://twitter.com/maradydd/status/1216358213327667
               | 2?t=dk8C...
        
               | someplaceguy wrote:
               | Also, from what I can see, he didn't use two spaces after
               | a period.
        
       | ak_111 wrote:
       | Genuine question, if you are satoshi and not insanely media shy,
       | what would be a real concern for not divulging your identity in
       | 2024?
       | 
       | You are rich enough to manage any security, tax or legal hits
       | that you need to manage.
       | 
       | Furthermore due to BTC being completely mainstreamed, the credit
       | you will get for inventing btc would be epic.
       | 
       | The least of it would be noble prize in economics. You will
       | literally be a living cult leader like no other in history. Think
       | of all those BTC fanatics finally meeting their leader. See the
       | way Elon fanatics follow Musk and multiply that by 100.
        
         | CryptoBanker wrote:
         | I would imagine security is one argument. There are plenty of
         | people and groups out there who have lost large amounts of BTC
         | and who would like to believe that satoshi has the power to
         | restore them or otherwise manipulate the currency.
        
           | ak_111 wrote:
           | I don't think he will need to worry more about security than
           | say Bill Gates or Elon Musk. Annoying, but certainly doable
           | with the money he has.
           | 
           | But I can imagine that can factor in for lots of people who
           | are risk averse and don't like the burden of having 24/7
           | tight security around them.
        
         | nabakin wrote:
         | Not wanting the lifestyle that would certainly come with it
         | like harassment, being recognized constantly in public, drawn
         | into lawsuits, controversy, the market hanging on his every
         | word, swatting, etc.
        
         | mortallywounded wrote:
         | I believe Satoshi was a cypherpunk and a remailer dev.
         | Cypherpunks had a history of doing things anonymously on the
         | mailing list and even trying to out one another (a sort of
         | game).
         | 
         | Furthermore, as a remailer dev Satoshi was all too familiar
         | with what happened with the penent remailer[1]. He knew such
         | services will become a legal target by the powers that be. This
         | is why Satoshi even said we "kicked the hornets nest" when
         | Wikileaks/Silkroad began accepting Bitcoin.
         | 
         | He knew the powers would be coming.
         | 
         | [1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penet_remailer
        
         | andriamanitra wrote:
         | Most people don't want to be cult leaders. Unless they are an
         | attention hungry person (which we can safely rule out at this
         | point) they have nothing to gain from making their identity
         | known. And I assume the tax authorities might be somewhat
         | interested in their bitcoin stash...
        
       | tdudhhu wrote:
       | It is almost strange to read that they are handling the project
       | as something very big and important. At that time it was
       | absolutely not obvious that it would become big and mainstream.
        
         | yieldcrv wrote:
         | There was a lot of resentment towards bailouts at the time and
         | making an alternative system
         | 
         | Many people would have been passionate about their quests
         | towards a solution. Many people still make redundant things
         | without knowing the hurdles involved and are just as
         | passionate. I have a client thinking they are going to "bank
         | the unbanked" with a mobile app not using crypto at all, in
         | 2024
         | 
         | One reason why Satoshi would have been extremely passionate is
         | because they had solved one of the unsolved problems of
         | computer science up until 2008 which was the Double Spend
         | Problem, and 2009 was his first production implementation of it
         | called Bitcoin
         | 
         | so you have a person that was seeing everything that the field
         | of computer science had touched over the last half century, and
         | knowing a solution for a unsolved aspect that prevented it from
         | touching other industries and seeing how expansive that would
         | be
        
       | bitcoin_anon wrote:
       | > To think about what a really huge transaction load would look
       | like, I look at the existing credit card network. I found some
       | more estimates about how many transactions are online purchases.
       | It's about 15 million tx per day for the entire e-commerce load
       | of the Internet worldwide. At 1KB per transaction, that would be
       | 15GB of bandwidth for each block generating node per day, or
       | about two DVD movies worth. Seems do-able even with today's
       | technology.
       | 
       | So Satoshi would have increased the block size by now.
        
       | swah wrote:
       | "I've been at full-time work lately, and will be until the end of
       | June, so I haven't had that much time to work with Bitcoin or my
       | exchange service. I have a working beta of my service though, and
       | a few weeks ago made my first transaction: sold 10,000 btc for 20
       | euros via EU bank transfer. Maybe I can make it public soon."
        
       | encoderer wrote:
       | I love this mystery and I'm so grateful for it.
       | 
       | Growing up we had DB Cooper and Deepthroat - interesting and
       | compelling stories but those guys are famous only for being
       | anonymous. They didn't really _do_ anything special.
       | 
       | But satoshi...
        
         | bsparker wrote:
         | and banksy!
        
           | superjan wrote:
           | That's no secret anymore, is it?
        
       | welder wrote:
       | I'm pretty sure Satoshi is German.
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=6562461
        
         | ak_111 wrote:
         | So Satoshi used: Japanese pseudonym. German email domain.
         | British English and a US Timezone.
         | 
         | His ability to generate entropy in his identity is
         | significantly underrated.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Recent and related:
       | 
       |  _Bitcoin Inventor Satoshi Nakamoto Emails Revealed in Court_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39474691 - Feb 2024 (2
       | comments)
        
       | greyface- wrote:
       | Satoshi Nakamoto <satoshin@gmx.com> wrote:                 >
       | There are donors I can tap if we come up with something that
       | needs        > funding, but they want to be anonymous, which
       | makes it hard to actually        > do anything with it.
       | 
       | I wonder who these donors were.
        
       | 1970-01-01 wrote:
       | Is there a website listing people that Satoshi definitely could
       | not be? That it seems would be more useful to our evergreen "Who
       | is Satoshi" discussions.
        
         | aqfamnzc wrote:
         | How would we really rule anyone out?
        
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