[HN Gopher] One place Planet 9 could be hiding
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       One place Planet 9 could be hiding
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 52 points
       Date   : 2024-02-19 14:51 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.universetoday.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.universetoday.com)
        
       | api wrote:
       | I've always thought the idea of planet nine being a primordial
       | black hole was kinda cool, but AFAIK we have no evidence to
       | suggest this.
       | 
       | Unless I'm mistaken if PBHs do exist then one with 2-4 Earth
       | masses is within the plausible range. It'd be about the size of a
       | billiard ball. The existence of lots and lots of PBHs of various
       | sizes is one dark matter candidate.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primordial_black_hole
       | 
       | If there were such a thing out there we could send a probe to it.
       | I can't imagine what kinds of interesting physics we could do if
       | we could directly examine a black hole.
       | 
       | It'd be neat if it were actually _useful_ in the far future too,
       | like as a power source to generate and beam energy to
       | interstellar spacecraft. There 's even concepts like this:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole_starship
       | 
       | A PBH of that mass would not be useful for this but perhaps
       | there'd be a way to leverage the extreme conditions created near
       | the event horizon to generate smaller ones that evaporate
       | quickly... like the extreme physics analog of sourdough starter.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | The idea of a black hole starship is that you carry the black
         | hole around, just like any other engine. If you want to beam
         | power from it, there isn't anything at all there to gain
         | compared to beaming power from the Sun.
         | 
         | And if you want to carry it with your ship, it weighting 2
         | Earth masses is kind of a drawback.
        
           | djbusby wrote:
           | You don't move the blackhole+ship, that's crazy. You'd simply
           | move the universe around your ship.
        
           | coffeebeqn wrote:
           | How would you move a black hole around?
        
             | calamari4065 wrote:
             | Just get out and push
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | AFAIK, the most popular answer is to give it an electrical
             | charge.
             | 
             | I really don't know how are you supposed to maintain that
             | change long-term. But then, it's similar to the problem of
             | deciding whether the emissions from the black hole are
             | particles that you can focus around, so I guess it's an
             | open problem.
        
           | mcswell wrote:
           | There was a scifi story decades ago about using small but
           | heavy objects (neutronium, IIRC) as an integral part of space
           | ships. The idea was not to use them to generate energy, but
           | to generate a gravitational field to counteract the effects
           | on humans of high acceleration. The object was held in front
           | of the spacecraft, and would be moved closer when high
           | acceleration was needed.
           | 
           | I guess if the ship was just drifting, you'd have the heavy
           | object at a sufficient distance to cause ~1g gravity.
           | 
           | I don't remember the story's title or author(s), but it
           | likely appeared in Analog.
        
             | at_a_remove wrote:
             | It's Charles Sheffield, in particular his McAndrew series.
        
               | mcswell wrote:
               | Thank you! With that help, I was able to find the story:
               | "Moment of Inertial." And here's a link to the story: htt
               | ps://www.baen.com/Chapters/067157857X/067157857X__2.htm
        
         | kunrii8528 wrote:
         | There are far more feasible alternatives to deep space
         | propulsion that could actually work now, and all you have to do
         | is detonate a couple of nukes.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Orion_(nuclear_propuls...
         | 
         | See also its cousin:
         | 
         | https://www.centauri-dreams.org/2012/07/20/medusa-nuclear-pu...
         | 
         | You can even try these in KSP with mods afaik
        
           | api wrote:
           | Yeah I'm familiar with the old "Devil's pogo stick."
           | Apparently thermonuclear Orion could achieve as high as 10%
           | the speed of light, which would get you to the Centauri
           | system within a single human life span (barely).
        
         | codethief wrote:
         | > If there were such a thing out there we could send a probe to
         | it.
         | 
         | You might be interested in Ed Witten's paper about this topic:
         | "Searching for a Black Hole in the Outer Solar System",
         | https://arxiv.org/abs/2004.14192
         | 
         | (See also this related comment from the HN discussion back then
         | which puts Witten's paper into context very nicely:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=23135031 )
        
         | tejtm wrote:
         | A PBH that size would be extremely useful for getting out of
         | (and back into) our solar system, at least for probes that
         | could survive being slingshot to a fraction of light speed. It
         | could be like slingshoting around the sun, but but at a few
         | miles from the core instead of a million miles.
        
           | Zee2 wrote:
           | In that scenario, I'd love to see the kinds of cool
           | relativistic time dilation experiments we could run on those
           | probes.
        
         | jfengel wrote:
         | It's hard to imagine a scenario in which the solar system
         | captures a wandering black hole. If it comes in it's going to
         | keep going, or take the hyperbola back out the way it came.
         | 
         | It's not impossible and such scenarios can be constructed. But
         | they're really narrow and it's hard to justify putting a lot of
         | effort into looking for wild coincidences.
        
           | thegrim33 wrote:
           | Maybe you could elaborate? As the solar system already
           | contains bodies with masses both smaller and larger than the
           | primordial black holes mentioned, what would be the issue?
        
             | roywiggins wrote:
             | all of the stuff I'm the Solar system that we know about
             | probably was here from the beginning, forming out of the
             | same cloud of dust that produced the sun. A black hole
             | would have to wander in from elsewhere and somehow get
             | captured rather than zipping by on a hyperbolic orbit.
        
             | scheme271 wrote:
             | The relative velocity of stuff that wasn't in the cloud
             | that formed the solar system would almost certainly be
             | really high. So it would take a lot to capture the an
             | extra-solar body. Any bodies from outside the solar system
             | would probably either travel straight through the solar
             | system or do something like what `Oumuamua did.
        
       | malfist wrote:
       | I mean, Pluto is right there man
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | That would be Planet 12 :)
        
           | davidmurdoch wrote:
           | Nah. It should have been grandfathered in as planet 9.
        
             | svachalek wrote:
             | If you want to stand on tradition, planet 9 has to go to
             | Ceres.
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | Yeah that's where 12 comes from. IIRC it was the 12th
               | known "planet" when it was discovered, if you include
               | spherical, gravitationally differentiated asteroids.
               | 
               | The air quotes are because by the geophysical definition
               | of planet (the only scientifically reasonable definition,
               | fight me) our Moon, the Galilean moons of Jupiter, and
               | Titan are all also planets, and I think they were known
               | at that time.
               | 
               | Our solar system likely contains thousands of planets. I
               | wish people could get excited over that rather get stuck
               | up about tradition and "how will kids ever remember them
               | all?" My kids can name the stats and special powers of
               | 350 Pokemon. They'll be just fine.
        
         | mrcartmeneses wrote:
         | Pluto needs to up its game and become GRAVITATIONALLY
         | DOMINANT!!!
        
         | fghorow wrote:
         | Yeah, but this is Mike Brown we are talking about. The Don of
         | the "Pluto is not a planet" mafia.
        
       | johnea wrote:
       | It's obviously being hidden by the lizard people inside the
       | hollow earth...
        
         | mondobe wrote:
         | Obviously, the lizard people's base would be inside planet 9!
         | Common sense, people.
        
       | kibwen wrote:
       | _> continues to search for the elusive Planet Nine (also called
       | Planet X)_
       | 
       | In light of Pluto's demotion, surely we should deprecate "Planet
       | X" in favor of "Planet Ix".
        
         | time0ut wrote:
         | I hear there are many new machines on Ix.
        
           | moomin wrote:
           | Leto II is the only person to get this joke.
        
             | tizio13 wrote:
             | Ixian Ambassador Hwi Noree walks on a bridge...
        
       | dividefuel wrote:
       | Would it be a bigger surprise if Planet 9 existed, or if Planet 9
       | doesn't exist? This isn't my field of study, but as I understand
       | there's a good amount of indirect evidence for a Planet 9... and
       | still no direct proof. Assuming we're searching in the right
       | areas, if a scan of the first 80% didn't reveal it, it seems
       | unlikely (but of course not impossible) that we'll find it in the
       | last 20%.
        
         | pmcf wrote:
         | "Space is big. You just won't believe how vastly, hugely, mind-
         | bogglingly big it is. I mean, you may think it's long way down
         | the road to the chemist's, but that's just peanuts to space."
        
         | halfcat wrote:
         | There's a difference between completing 80% of the work, and
         | ruling out 80% of the options.
         | 
         | We could rule out 80% of the options and still have 99% of the
         | work yet to be completed.
         | 
         | Like if we're looking for a bacteria on the land surface of the
         | earth, and we rule out 80% of the options, that leaves us with
         | searching an area the size of Africa for a microscopic life
         | form.
        
           | medstrom wrote:
           | Doesn't change the fact that whatever probability you
           | previously assigned to finding Planet 9, it should be one
           | fifth of that now. (Sort of. Not so drastic if you have
           | strong reasons to think there is a Planet 9)
        
       | fabiensanglard wrote:
       | I wonder if it could be opposite from us, on the other side of
       | the Sun.
       | 
       | Rotating at the same speed and hence never observable?
        
         | coffeebeqn wrote:
         | All our eyes aren't on Earths orbit
        
         | jfengel wrote:
         | It couldn't be stable there for very long. It's a three body
         | problem. If it ever existed it would have been ejected billions
         | of years ago.
        
           | tejtm wrote:
           | There are uncoutably many binary star systems, one (or both)
           | being the size of a sports ball changes nothing.
        
             | tejtm wrote:
             | https://duckduckgo.com/?q=estimated+percentage+of+binary+st
             | a...
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | It would have to be orbiting at the same distance as the Earth
         | to have the same speed, which seems unlikely, and only gives it
         | a fairly small amount of space to live in, so I'm sure we've
         | checked there.
         | 
         | The hypothetical planet 9 is speculated to be far from the sun,
         | past Pluto.
        
         | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
         | If you mean on the opposite side, in the same orbit(in the
         | earth-sun L3), this has been hypothesised as far back as the
         | presocratic Greeks(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counter-
         | Earth), but we now have a lot of evidence that it isn't there.
         | 
         | Also, planet 9 was hypothesised in order to explain the orbits
         | of transneptunian objects, which an antiearth wouldn't do.
         | 
         | If you mean behind the sun on a completely different orbit,
         | well it wouldn't stay behind the sun relative to us forever,
         | and likely would only very rarely be obscured by the sun.
        
         | andruby wrote:
         | Have you seen the movie Another Earth (2011)?
         | 
         | That's the exact plot.
         | 
         | It's not realistic (space probes would have "seen" the other
         | earth), but does make for an interesting film.
         | 
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Another_Earth
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | We would certainly see something that is six times the mass of
         | the earth sharing our orbit.
         | 
         | The wiki estimates the missing planet to be 6.3 times as
         | massive as the Earth, could be up to 2.3 times more or -1.5
         | times less than this figure.
         | 
         | "Based on earlier considerations, this hypothetical super-
         | Earth-sized planet would have had a predicted mass of five to
         | ten times that of the Earth, and an elongated orbit 400 to 800
         | times farther from the Sun than the Earth is."
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planet_Nine
        
       | coffeebeqn wrote:
       | Most likely explanation is that Planet 9s population is a higher
       | level civilization that understands the "dark forest" hypothesis.
       | They're probably nervously eyeing their noisy neighbors
        
         | JohnMakin wrote:
         | This does not seem most likely at all.
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | That seems like the most interesting sci-fi plot explanation.
         | Two alternative explanations for why we can find Planet 9 could
         | be: it is a tiny, hard to see rock very far away, or it doesn't
         | exist.
        
       | sliken wrote:
       | Neil deGrasse Tyson, an astrophysicist, claims [0] that if you
       | remove one observatories data, that the anomaly that leads to the
       | conclusion there's a planet 9 disappears.
       | 
       | [0] https://www.youtube.com/shorts/RvNYL5sPItc
        
         | pmontra wrote:
         | Maybe the name of that observatory was too long to fit in that
         | 59 seconds video. Do you have any idea about which observatory
         | it is?
        
         | mtlmtlmtlmtl wrote:
         | This is about a different hypothesised planet beyond Neptune.
        
         | dgrin91 wrote:
         | He also tends to be full of hot air. His biggest contributions
         | are in science communications towards younger and non-science
         | oriented people. I'm not saying he is wrong or lying or
         | anything like that, but a youtube short is not a good standin
         | for a scientific hypothesis.
        
         | 7734128 wrote:
         | Please don't spread YouTube Shorts. It's polluting the
         | internet.
        
       | autokad wrote:
       | its in Pluto's orbit. mainly because Pluto is planet 9.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-02-19 23:01 UTC)