[HN Gopher] First satellite imagery of the Feb-13, 2024 landslid...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       First satellite imagery of the Feb-13, 2024 landslide at Copler
       Mine in Turkey
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 73 points
       Date   : 2024-02-19 11:11 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (eos.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (eos.org)
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Who would have thought that if you pile soil up in a tall pile as
       | high and steep as you can, right next to a huge pit, then
       | occasionally it might fall back into the pit...
       | 
       | A 5 year old on the beach could tell you that...
        
         | walthamstow wrote:
         | A 5 year old in a Welsh primary school could tell you even more
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberfan_disaster
        
           | Loughla wrote:
           | 109 kids died in that.
           | 
           | Holy shit.
           | 
           | And the senior officials got off with a slap on the wrist.
           | That reads like a complete failure of the government.
           | 
           | Why did the right people not hang for that?
        
             | defrost wrote:
             | The people on the right at that time (UK 1966) didn't hang
             | as they were of an effectively protected capitalist caste
             | with no regulation to hold them to account.
             | 
             | If you scroll down the wiki link you can see that the
             | changes to the Mines and Quarries Act ultimately lead to
             | things such as the _Health and Safety at Work etc. Act_
             | (1974) which provided some teeth with which to bite the
             | owners that cut corners, paid off inspectors, etc.
             | 
             | Swings and roundabouts though, a little while later came
             | the Miners' Strike of 1984-1985 which was easily one of the
             | most bitter industrial disputes Britain has ever seen.
             | a turning point in British history. Miners left their pits
             | to fight the attempt of the Thatcher government to close
             | the collieries, break the miners' union and the labour
             | movement in general, and open the way to a free market
             | economy in which deregulated financial capitalism would be
             | set free by the Big Bang of 1986. The full force of the
             | police, the courts and the media were mobilised to defeat
             | the miners, culminating with the battle of Orgreave on 18
             | June 1984. Thousands of miners were arrested, fined,
             | imprisoned or sacked, some never to work again.
             | 
             | https://www.history.ox.ac.uk/miners-strike-1984-5-oral-
             | histo...
             | 
             | https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2023/aug/27/40-ye
             | a...
             | 
             | All part of the delicate balance between those many hordes
             | wanting good wages and working conditions and those few
             | that want all the profits.
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | In retrospect, it was a battle that didn't matter. There
               | were no profits to be had on either side - mining is best
               | done mostly by machines, and will always be undercut by
               | places with cheap labour and lax environmental
               | regulations. The UK would never be able to compete. And
               | besides, by the 80's it was already becoming clear that
               | coal wasn't the future.
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | You seem unfamiliar with mining.
               | 
               | The UK and the US aren't really big players, the single
               | largest market for mining stocks is the Toronto TSX by a
               | long shot - many loosely commonwealth trans national
               | companies (Australia, Canada, South Africa, etc) with
               | Russian, Chinese, Brazilian partners, etc.
               | 
               | Machines play a big part - Western Australia mines almost
               | a billion tonner of iron ore alone per annum with a tiny
               | population, but cheap labour and lax environmental regs
               | don't play nearly as great a part as you might think.
               | 
               | Long term stability on 20 to 50 year time scales is
               | pretty desirable on projects with forward capital
               | investments of 300+ million dollars, high skill levels
               | and good wages improve success rates, the larger mining
               | companies have been trending more and more toward being
               | accountable with respect to populations affected and post
               | operation rennovation .. although that's a shift from
               | don't care and never so .. <shrug>
               | 
               | From a political "how society works" PoV the mining
               | strikes and Thatcher push backs weren't about the coal
               | either .. it was a reflection on how the new neoliberal
               | 80s Tories intended to deal with those not aligned with
               | their vision.
               | 
               | There were other directions to turn labour forces of the
               | 80s toward, but the vision as such for that time was
               | propert development pyramids, fintech, and all that jazz.
               | Better to be a barrow boy in The City than a gay dancing
               | coal miner.
        
               | mikhailfranco wrote:
               | So offer the mine to the miners, if they each put up GBP
               | nx100k capital. See if they really want the risk of
               | loss/mortgage/debt in return for a job. Perhaps they know
               | something beneficial that management doesn't? Workers can
               | be capitalists if they know the business and want to take
               | a risk. Get the responses, end of story.
               | 
               | Yet it led to a huge (literal) battle? It was _all_
               | political: an attack on the gov by the communist miners '
               | union, backed by the Labour Party. It was never about
               | economics, which were obviously terminal. Everybody knew
               | that, on _both_ sides.
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | > the communist miners' union
               | 
               | Get a grip.
               | 
               | Break free of whatever bicameral Red V. Blue blinkered
               | global view you have - there are more shades across the
               | world than Joe McCathy dreamed of.
        
               | mikhailfranco wrote:
               | Anyone who knows that an industry is uneconomic, but
               | wants the gov to own and run the industry, just to lose
               | taxpayer money and pay wages to his union _is_ a
               | communist.
               | 
               | (The barrier for gov ownership is slightly lower than a
               | capitalist, because the gov has to pay transitory
               | unemployment benefit to those put out of work, and it was
               | still not economic).
               | 
               | Actually, that person is not just a small-c communist
               | interested in the community, but a big-C Marxist, who
               | wants the gov to lose money for his selfish reasons.
               | 
               | Are you perhaps, tentatively, obliquely, hinting, in a
               | roundabout fashion, with elliptical prose, that Arthur
               | Scargill was _not_ a communist..... fascinating.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Scargill#Socialist_L
               | abo...
        
               | defrost wrote:
               | Riiiiight. (yawn).
               | 
               | Have you ever done any manual work for a living? Worked
               | with any miners in trade unions? Met any actual
               | communists? Maybe worked in Rio Tinto as a labour
               | negotiator?
               | 
               | Some of that might help you sound more grounded an less
               | disconnected from the world as it is.
               | 
               | Scargill _was_ a commnist in his youth, he veered
               | elsewhere on the left later in life - but more to the
               | point here, Scargill was not the trade union, he was a
               | single human being.
               | 
               | Not all miners in trade unions are communist, far from
               | it; and not all _actual_ communists are miners (likely
               | very few), we 're in a world of Venn diagrams here and
               | broad reductionist brush strokes don't achieve much
               | beyond polarisation
        
               | mikhailfranco wrote:
               | Are you talking about profitable RIO mines? Then there is
               | an argument to be had about how those profits are split
               | between shareholders, workers (incl managers), and the
               | national gov in royalties. Off-topic and _this margin too
               | small_ ... etc.
               | 
               | But that was _not_ the case in the British coal industry
               | in the 1980s. Only a handful of marginal mines survived
               | into the 2000s. The last coal-fired power stations will
               | close this year.
               | 
               | No profits, no discussion (except the offer I mentioned
               | above, which is the _only_ true test of whether it is
               | really profitable, on a risk-adjusted basis, judged by
               | those with the most information).
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | maybe the particular case you state is accurate - no idea
               | here. But a summary report after the COP 28 event in
               | December stated clearly that there will be no policy
               | action to stop coal extraction and use. It is my
               | understanding that very large "modern" economies in
               | various parts of the world are absolutely continuing.
               | 
               | Profit and loss can be gamed. Old generals always fight
               | the previous wars.
        
               | walthamstow wrote:
               | > Anyone who knows that an industry is uneconomic, but
               | wants the gov to own and run the industry, just to lose
               | taxpayer money and pay wages to his union is a communist
               | 
               | Doesn't this also apply to public transport, roads, waste
               | collection, education, and most other public goods?
        
             | red_admiral wrote:
             | The government outsourced managing Aberfan and most other
             | mines to a National Coal Board. The tribunal who
             | investigated the disaster was very critical of said board,
             | but it wasn't the done thing in those days to go after
             | senior officials.
             | 
             | Indeed, the disaster was one of the main inputs that led to
             | the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974, the act under which
             | senior officials nowadays can be (and sometimes are)
             | prosecuted for negligence leading to deaths.
        
           | BurningFrog wrote:
           | The Crown, Season 3 Episode 3, tells this story.
        
         | RealityVoid wrote:
         | I find comments like this not very helpful. I mean, sure tall
         | things fall, but you have presumably competent people working
         | with these things, people that understand risks and do this all
         | their life. Certainly people that know more than you and me.
         | Somehow, they failed on this, and there's lessons to learn
         | here, but smug "hurr-durr, don't stack things tall" is not it.
        
           | selcuka wrote:
           | > you have presumably competent people working with these
           | things, people that understand risks and do this all their
           | life.
           | 
           | I don't know if you are Turkish, but unfortunately this
           | statement is not a given in Turkey, mostly because of
           | corruption, nepotism, and a general lack of respect for
           | knowledge and experience.
           | 
           | I personally know some of the people who built this mine.
        
             | gus_massa wrote:
             | I'm not sure about Turkey, but everywhere it's common to
             | fire the guy that is worried about security and doesn't
             | want to cut corners. Even if they are competent, some
             | people must choose eating or safety.
        
           | buremba wrote:
           | When you consider the costs of "doing it the right way", the
           | reasoning becomes much more complex no matter how competent
           | people are. In addition to all the corruption, we also
           | culturally tend to be more risk-tolerant when it comes to
           | safety IMO.
        
           | bboygravity wrote:
           | Just world fallacy
        
           | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
           | _> "hurr-durr, don't stack things tall"_
           | 
           | This is a rude and uncharitable (bordering on disingenuous)
           | paraphrase of the post you're replying to. The fact that you
           | tossed in an extraneous "hurr-durr" of your own seems to
           | indicate that you feel particularly incapable of responding
           | to what was actually said.
        
             | RealityVoid wrote:
             | What should I be responding to more exactly? Someone saying
             | platitudes while being smug? Yes, I am incapable of
             | responding because there is nothing to respond _to_.
        
           | InCityDreams wrote:
           | Comment might not be helpful, but it's very true.
        
       | yowayb wrote:
       | Other than rage comments of political and corporate incompetence,
       | is there a sounder explanation of inadequate preparation and
       | response in Turkiye? The vast majority of Turks I meet/see don't
       | seem to care about fully understanding their problems and putting
       | in appropriate work. But I don't understand why this is.
        
         | not_a_dane wrote:
         | Welcome to Turkiye, that's why we shouldn't build our nuclear
         | reactor by ourselves.
        
           | yowayb wrote:
           | Oh dear. I forgot about that.
        
         | MrBuddyCasino wrote:
         | > _But I don't understand why this is._
         | 
         | So the more general question is where group differences
         | originate, and you would like to discuss this on HN. I'll go
         | grab the popcorn.
        
         | vkka wrote:
         | Most probably due to corruption. People have been actively
         | protesting this mine for at least a couple of years now [1],
         | including politicians [2].
         | 
         | [1] https://www.veryansintv.com/veryansin-tv-aylarca-haykirdi-
         | ik... [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6jJjDjylPg
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | A simple first order explanation is that Turkey is still a
         | fairly poor country.
        
           | tokai wrote:
           | 17th rank on GDP. Sure its worse per capita, but Turkey is
           | not poor compared to actual poor countries.
        
             | BurningFrog wrote:
             | I mean per capita. It's the only measure that matters
        
         | fatihpense wrote:
         | My pet theory: The daily agenda is dizzying. There is also
         | always several existential/deeper issue looming around/inside.
         | So we can't have time to discuss small daily things, that
         | actually affect quality of life! It has been like this for
         | decades, maybe more than that. It is sad really. Countries also
         | have an attention span, and we can't pick long-term important
         | stuff over immediate stuff.
        
       | mrb wrote:
       | Here is the best video of the landslide I could find:
       | https://youtu.be/SUD0hQjueI0
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | The stark thing is just how liquid the flow is.
         | 
         | Then how fast it is. Utterly terrifying.
        
         | jeffbee wrote:
         | Who invented this method of framing a vertical or square video,
         | and why did they think it was useful?
        
           | dylan604 wrote:
           | Because millennials (and later) think the vertical aspect
           | ratio is so cool and refuse to flip the phone to record
           | video. The vast majority of video is landscape oriented, so
           | the default players all have that aspect. People seem to very
           | against black mattes to fit differing aspect ratio content
           | than the frame, so some creative type came up with this.
           | 
           | Why is this difficult to understand?
        
             | stetrain wrote:
             | > The vast majority of video is landscape oriented, so the
             | default players all have that aspect.
             | 
             | I'm not so sure, by hours created and viewed in recent
             | years that may no longer be true with TikTok / Reels /
             | Stories / Shorts.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | Okay, for the pedantics, broadcast news is a landscape
               | format. So if someone provides content that was recorded
               | in portrait, something must be done to it. The black bars
               | from matting the content is still despised, primarily by
               | the same crowd that is shooting portrait video.
        
               | jeffbee wrote:
               | But there's nothing good about the blurred-and-displaced
               | copy of the video beside the video. It's just
               | distracting!
        
               | xattt wrote:
               | Generative video AI may be a solution in a decade or two.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | dear gawd no. especially for news. that's the last thing
               | we need in the fight with fake news.
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | media critical thinking -- all news is a representation
               | in language and pictures, therefore inevitably contains
               | contrary, noisy or misleading content (same with the
               | perception of the users). Since news is a social
               | phenomenon, there is a chain of gather, produce,
               | disseminate, consume involving many people over time.
               | 
               | From an Economist Magazine view, somehow bills have to be
               | paid, whether through government and taxation, private
               | expenditure, for-profit basis or others.. Generative AI
               | decisions will arrive from command-and-control basis in
               | most cases.
               | 
               | Generative AI in News is very likely, for something that
               | is simple like saving money on background screens for
               | newscasts, less wholesome like replacing newscasters and
               | journalists with machine inputs, or at a meta-level like
               | propaganda in content and editing. In the leading
               | economies of the world, this will happen.
               | 
               | Solutions are partly market, partly political.. not very
               | personal -- one person boycotting will not change
               | outcomes -- IMHO.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | There's nothing good about portrait oriented video, so
               | it's fitting. /s
               | 
               | i feel like i'm conversing with a fence post. what are
               | your brilliant ideas to solve the problem? all i'm
               | reading here are complaints. don't be that person.
               | 
               | the final orientation of the video cannot be changed. it
               | is a spec with hard defined parameters by a
               | standardization body. the easiest thing is to just fit it
               | into the frame with the empty space filled with mattes.
               | lots of people do not like that, so other things have
               | been used to fill the space. just like shooting video in
               | portrait, trends have been established and this is the
               | current trend. you don't like it? stop shooting video in
               | portrait and sending it to the news where it's going to
               | be played back in a landscape format. you are the square
               | peg in a round hole.
        
             | WheatMillington wrote:
             | A huge proportion of video is viewed on phones, in which
             | case vertical orientation is far more comfortable and
             | convenient. It used to be the case the landscape was the
             | "correct" format, but that has rapidly changed with the
             | change in how video is watched.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | *Social media video
        
           | cidbitt wrote:
           | This could be a remnant of the switchover from SD to HD
           | resolution in home TVs. The nicer TVs that could use the new
           | resolutions also suffered from burn in, so you wanted
           | something in the margins for the content still in SD.
        
       | dwighttk wrote:
       | The shadows in the old and new image are really throwing me off.
       | 
       | The new image looks like the pit is to the left and the old image
       | looks like the left side is a huge pile.
        
         | dwighttk wrote:
         | Oh okay I'm getting it now... it is always a pile but the slide
         | was off the back of the pile.
         | 
         | It just looked so much like a pit when I saw it at first that I
         | couldn't get that thought out of my mind.
        
           | dendrite9 wrote:
           | There also appears to be a significant shift between the
           | images where the after image is up and to the right of the
           | before image. But it might also be a distortion issue that
           | isn't even across the image. The optical illusion, plus the
           | changes in the mine due to mining make the comparison
           | difficult.
        
         | bcraven wrote:
         | This is a well-known phenomenon in topographic maps. Here are
         | some examples:
         | 
         | https://ramblemaps.com/why-does-sunlight-come-from-north
        
           | soared wrote:
           | Interesting link, thanks!
        
       | Towaway69 wrote:
       | How many people died? Didn't hear a thing about this. I guess
       | they are still looking for survivors.
        
         | mrtksn wrote:
         | Officially, 9 people are missing.
        
           | Aeolun wrote:
           | One of the posts here says they were working on the surface
           | though. That does not strike me as survivable. I find it hard
           | to imagine anything remains to be found.
        
             | Towaway69 wrote:
             | Apparently the nine in question were working underground,
             | there is probably no realistic chance of survival if
             | massive amounts of earth are covering the entrances.
             | 
             | https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-68287504
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | I guess working underground is your only chance of
               | survival if in such a landslide?
        
               | Towaway69 wrote:
               | Just getting out might be an issue... Eventually oxygen
               | will also become problematic. Electricity and lighting
               | might also have gone.
               | 
               | My feelings go out to the nine missing people.
        
               | rightbyte wrote:
               | Those Chilean miners were down there for quite some time.
               | But ye the outlook is not good. I guess there is a
               | fundamental difference in how these mines collapsed.
               | Unless any pocket would have some "earth radio",
               | undamaged telephone line or something I don't see how the
               | rescuers even would begin knowing where to look.
        
           | dark-star wrote:
           | There's a high probability they weren't even on site and had
           | a coworker clock in for them, or something like that. They
           | might still be enjoying the wedding of a 3rd grade cousin
           | somewhere in the countryside, oblivious to what has happened
           | ;-)
           | 
           | At least that's what my turkish coworker told me last week
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | What is a "leach heap" in an open-pit gold mine? Is it cyanide
       | waste?
       | 
       | - _" Gold cyanidation (also known as the cyanide process or the
       | MacArthur-Forrest process) is a hydrometallurgical technique for
       | extracting gold from low-grade ore by converting the gold to a
       | water-soluble coordination complex. It is the most commonly used
       | leaching process for gold extraction.[1] [...] Production of
       | reagents for mineral processing to recover gold represents more
       | than 70% of cyanide consumption globally."_
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gold_cyanidation
       | 
       | [late edit]: The _Hurriyet_ news article linked in the OP
       | confirms this,
       | 
       | - _" Energy and Natural Resources Minister Alparslan Bayraktar
       | stated that even if the miners are reached, the entire soil mass
       | will still be removed from the area, addressing concerns about
       | possible environmental damage due to the cyanide-tainted waste
       | soil used in the gold extraction process."_
       | 
       | https://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/35-mln-cubic-meters-of-soi...
       | 
       | [edit 2]: A Turkish-language source cited in Wikipedia suggests
       | there's a risk of this waste contaminating the Euphrates river.
       | This mine does appear to be located right next to that river, and
       | uphill of it.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copler_mine_disaster#Aftermath
       | 
       | https://www.google.com/maps/place/39%C2%B025'33.6%22N+38%C2%...
       | 
       | [edit 3]: Here's a long-form Turkish journalism (published in
       | English) discussing this question:
       | 
       | https://www.duvarenglish.com/experts-warn-of-severe-cyanide-... (
       | _" Experts warn of severe cyanide exposure to Euphrates as mine
       | located in water basin"_)
        
       | Loughla wrote:
       | The part about how social media was weirdly critical of the
       | picture, with one poster stating that flat wasn't a landslide is
       | fascinating.
       | 
       | Why are some people just knee-jerk 'insert thing here' deniers?
       | What is that?
        
         | BurningFrog wrote:
         | On balance, it's probably a great feature of humanity that we
         | always have some contrarians around.
        
           | someplaceguy wrote:
           | Well, then I disagree.
        
       | kibwen wrote:
       | _> The ultimate cost of this landslide is likely to be many
       | multiples of the money saved on mining operations through
       | inadequate construction and /or operation of the leach heap._
       | 
       | Ah, but who are the people who profited from cutting corners, and
       | who are the people who will bear the cost of the cleanup? If
       | these are not the exact same set of people, then it was a net
       | profit to collapse this mine and kill these men. The profiteering
       | will continue apace, because the system incentivizes it.
       | 
       | The article does mention that some people were arrested, but that
       | seems to be for direct negligence, not _systematic_ negligence.
       | If the highest-ranking person who sees consequences from this is
       | merely a single VP, then it sounds like the rest of the executive
       | parasites might be in the clear.
        
         | Aurornis wrote:
         | > Ah, but who are the people who profited from cutting corners,
         | and who are the people who will bear the cost of the cleanup?
         | If these are not the exact same set of people, then it was a
         | net profit to collapse this mine and kill these men. The
         | profiteering will continue apace, because the system
         | incentivizes it.
         | 
         | It's a mine. The cost of the cleanup refers to what it will
         | cost to remove the collapsed dirt and get back to the layers at
         | which they were mining.
         | 
         | So to answer your question: The cost is borne by the mine
         | operators if they want to resume mining.
         | 
         | > The article does mention that some people were arrested, but
         | that seems to be for direct negligence, not systematic
         | negligence. If the highest-ranking person who sees consequences
         | from this is merely a single VP, then it sounds like the rest
         | of the executive parasites might be in the clear.
         | 
         | Kind of wild that a country throws people into jail before an
         | investigation can even be performed, yet people are out for
         | blood and demanding that, what, the entire company leadership
         | is thrown in jail? Everyone who might possibly be involved?
         | 
         | There are countries where governments will use their power to
         | throw large numbers of people in jail to seek revenge for
         | problems, but they aren't the workers' paradise you imagine.
         | They're just terribly oppressive regimes. It's also unlikely
         | that these situations would only result in executives going to
         | jail, because the people on the front lines (who are not
         | entirely free from involvement in decision making) tend to get
         | blamed too.
         | 
         | Reactionary jailing feeds people's revenge fantasies, but it's
         | actually a really terrible and scary way to have to live for
         | everyone.
         | 
         | There are a lot of extremely cynical assumptions in this
         | comment.
        
           | michaelt wrote:
           | _> The cost is borne by the mine operators if they want to
           | resume mining._
           | 
           | In my country the tradition is:
           | 
           | 1. Mine operators get a mining permit by swearing they'll
           | clean up all the pollution and restore the site to its
           | original condition once the mine is exhausted.
           | 
           | 2. Mine operates for years, paying out $$$ to bosses and
           | shareholders
           | 
           | 3. Mine gets exhausted or becomes uneconomic to operate,
           | company declares bankruptcy, tax payer has to fund the
           | cleanup
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | That's a serious problem, but in this particular case it's
             | unlikely to happen. This mine is currently in use, so
             | presumably there's still left in the ground to extract.
             | Therefore the mine owners are still incentivized to clean
             | up the landslide. Moreover, let's not forget this landslide
             | happened entirely inside the of the confines of an open pit
             | mine. The land is already fucked. The landslide was
             | unlikely to have made it worse.
             | 
             | There's a lot of issues with how mining is done, and how
             | owners are held to account, but kneejerk calls for
             | immediate punishment and/or commenting is entirely not
             | constructive.
        
             | 8organicbits wrote:
             | Funds for cleanup should go to an escrow account before any
             | profit is distributed.
        
             | doodlebugging wrote:
             | Sounds like the USA. The oil and gas industry has an extra
             | twist in #3 which would read:
             | 
             | 3. Producing field get exhausted or becomes uneconomic to
             | operate, company sells field to smaller less-capitalized
             | operator who reworks some wells in an effort to pay back
             | their investment.
             | 
             | 4. Smaller operator eventually sells to a mom-and-pop
             | operator who operates a series of stripper wells in the
             | field. Once production from these wells decline to the
             | point where this under-capitalized operator can no longer
             | profit the field is abandoned and tax payers are left to
             | fund the cleanup.
             | 
             | All of this can take decades before abandonment and any
             | technological advance during that time could make the field
             | more attractive to large operators who would then buy these
             | fields from the mom-and-pops and mid-size operators so they
             | could squeeze even more profits before cycling back into
             | the later steps of the loop.
             | 
             | Over a long enough time period you have a Texas which is
             | dotted with tens of thousands of orphaned or abandoned
             | wells. Many of these wells leak oil, natural gas, or brines
             | into shallow surface aquifers when the old production
             | strings inevitably rust away. The problem is worse when new
             | tech maintains production in an area since wells that were
             | abandoned years or decades ago but never plugged are
             | effectively open to atmospheric pressure and when a
             | technique like hydraulic fracturing is used downhole, it
             | repressurizes formations and can force fluids up thru
             | unplugged wellbores to the surface where, if controls are
             | not in place, fluid spills are inevitable.
             | 
             | When that happens in an area that had been abandoned the
             | operator responsible for the increased pressure would argue
             | that cleanup is not their responsibility since the previous
             | owner was responsible (had paid a bond to the state) for
             | the plugging and abandonment of the leaking well.
             | 
             | It's more complicated than this but you get the idea. It's
             | never their problem and the wrong people tend to get stuck
             | with remediation expenses.
        
       | soared wrote:
       | Near info with video and images:
       | https://eos.org/thelandslideblog/copler-mine-2
        
       | user90131313 wrote:
       | For all the HN folks, they had a very big arsenic pool near and
       | it was used for gold mining. It will probably affect life around
       | there because of very close river called Firat river.
        
         | dreamcompiler wrote:
         | The Firat is known in the West as the Euphrates.
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-02-19 23:02 UTC)