[HN Gopher] Paying people to work on open source is good
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Paying people to work on open source is good
        
       Author : webology
       Score  : 179 points
       Date   : 2024-02-16 19:52 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (jacobian.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (jacobian.org)
        
       | bugbuddy wrote:
       | Yes, please start by practicing what you preach. I actually
       | donated 1% of my income to various open source projects I use.
        
         | devmor wrote:
         | I'm really happy that github in particular has made it so easy
         | to give some cash to the people responsible for tools that I
         | enjoy.
        
         | abound wrote:
         | My (very small) tech nonprofit has started doing something
         | similar [1], where everyone contributes to a list of OSS tools
         | we use heavily, and then everyone gives a weight/score to each
         | tool.
         | 
         | We then split the pot ($1,000 in 2022, probably ~$2,000 when I
         | get around to doing 2023) among all the OSS projects, according
         | to the relative scores.
         | 
         | [1] https://siliconally.org/policies/open-source/#yearly-
         | donatio...
        
         | fydorm wrote:
         | This is a good thing to do, but not really the point of the
         | article.
        
       | netbioserror wrote:
       | The premise of paid open source devs is fine and well, but every
       | single one of these blogs devolves into delusional utopian
       | nonsense from people who do not understand the staggering
       | infrastructure and maintenance cost of the modern society they
       | think should be some sort of guaranteed right. People, please
       | learn and understand where your food comes from before writing
       | this kind of garbage.
        
         | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
         | FWIW, the author was at least thoughtful enough to include this
         | disclaimer at the top:
         | 
         | > Warning: rant ahead. I'm writing from a place of frustration
         | and not particularly interested in trying to moderate my tone.
         | If you don't want to hear me yell about open source for a
         | while, please skip this one.
        
         | woodruffw wrote:
         | TFA's author is one of the co-creators of Django and a
         | preeminent member of the Python community. I think it would be
         | charitable to assume that he does, in fact, understand these
         | things.
        
       | davepeck wrote:
       | See also Nadia Eghbal's (IMHO definitive) work on the economics
       | and sociology of open source software, "Working In Public":
       | https://press.stripe.com/working-in-public
        
       | delichon wrote:
       | A pro capitalist message from Jacobin? [Looks closer.] No.
       | 
       | I'd pay for an open source project that could filter & sort news
       | by surprisingness-for-that-news-source. This opinion would rank
       | high for jacobin.com. The story about Zuckerberg's preference for
       | the Quest 3 over the AVP would disappear.
        
         | mkeeter wrote:
         | https://jacobian.org is Jacob Kaplan-Moss's website
         | 
         | https://jacobin.com is a socialist magazine
         | 
         | This blog post is from the former!
        
           | delichon wrote:
           | *jacobian.org for JKM's site
        
             | mkeeter wrote:
             | thanks, edited!
        
         | prisenco wrote:
         | Jacobian, not Jacobin.
         | 
         | But even so, paying people for their labor is entirely
         | uncontroversial amongst socialists. Some might even argue it's
         | the fundamental underpinning of their critique of capitalism.
        
       | gorjusborg wrote:
       | I want to agree, and I understand the position, but there's no
       | room for nuance when you throw around the work 'always'.
       | 
       | I think I disagree that it is always good.
       | 
       | For instance, if a company is paying someone to work on open
       | source, and they use that to leverage the project in a direction
       | that is against its other users' best interest, can that be good?
       | I don't think so.
       | 
       | There are numerous examples of situations and behaviors you could
       | come up with that are not 'good'.
       | 
       | I'm all for people making a living, but I don't like bad
       | behavior, no matter if it generates 'freeish' source code or not.
        
         | smburdick wrote:
         | This is why grants are really important. That usually means
         | deliverables in a specific timeframe. To me, that elevates open
         | source from a full-time hobby to a job.
        
           | jraph wrote:
           | Grants are great but are often not nearly enough and they can
           | vanish from a year to another. You'd better secure other
           | sources of income. Grants will also usually fund specific
           | features of your product but not the whole thing.
           | 
           | Other kinds of income are also good ways to fund open source
           | like service, consultancy, support and even paid open source
           | apps (which works particularly well for apps that have
           | enterprise oriented features, turns out it doesn't matter
           | that the source code is available under a free software
           | license if it's convenient enough to click and buy).
           | 
           | Coincidentally, this is how I get paid :-)
           | 
           | Still, grants should not be ignored indeed.
        
         | jszymborski wrote:
         | I think the article addresses this.
         | 
         | It's a matter of not letting "perfect" get in the way of
         | "good". You're totally right, we should work towards getting
         | everyone who wants to work on open source code bases the public
         | funds they deserve at every opportunity, but in the mean time,
         | we'll have to put up with corpos funding some of the FLOSS
         | code.
         | 
         | > We have to accept the world as it is - even if it's not the
         | world we want. This means we have to be okay with the idea that
         | maintainers need to be paid. Far too often I see arguments
         | like: "maintainers shouldn't be paid by private companies
         | because the government should be supporting them." Sure, this
         | sounds great - but governments aren't doing this! So this
         | argument reduces to "open source maintainers shouldn't be
         | paid". I can't get on board with that.
        
           | philipwhiuk wrote:
           | But some of these aren't good. Some of them are the opposite
           | of good.
           | 
           | We are allowing lousy business models to survive by insisting
           | they are better than nothing.
        
         | thfuran wrote:
         | >can that be good? I don't think so
         | 
         | Well that's just an implied always. Is it likely good? No,
         | probably not. Is it always bad? No, probably not. It's
         | conceivable that there are a lot more potential users in the
         | direction the company wants to drag the project, and the few
         | current users can fork it.
        
         | zrn900 wrote:
         | That's why the open source communities themselves should be
         | funding their own projects. Because if the communities and
         | users dont fund their own projects, private corporations will
         | fund them and they will have the say. Open Source must not
         | become outsourced 'free labor' which major corporations can
         | leech on. The best way to do it has been the 'freemium' format
         | that is used in the Wordpress ecosystem and a few others - the
         | open source shop creates and maintains a free version of their
         | software under GPL2+, and sells downloads, update licenses &
         | support for more advanced addons. The WP ecosystem was able to
         | float itself with this method without taking in investor money
         | or corporate money, and the software shops that exist in that
         | ecosystem are able to pay their developers living wages. The
         | entire ecosystem was created and is still floated by the open
         | source software producers and the community members.
         | 
         | Basically, open source is like politics: Who funds it gets the
         | say. And just like politics, we need to make sure that the
         | communities are self-sustaining economically so that external
         | money wont call the shots.
         | 
         | I know that a lot of us in open source software are very proud
         | with our voluntary work and its contributions to open source.
         | That is accurate and praise worthy.
         | 
         | But what do we do when we get up in the morning and go to work?
         | 
         | We each work in a private company that seeks to maximize its
         | market share and gain more control of the economy, bar a
         | minority of us who work in actual open source jobs. In one
         | hand, we are giving something tangible to open source with our
         | contributions, but the work that we have to do in our day job
         | in a private corporation takes a lot of that away because the
         | organized, concentrated impact of a large private organization
         | with a lot of money goes much further than the heroic efforts
         | of collectives of volunteers.
         | 
         | That is why open source must fund itself and become its own
         | economic and political power. Otherwise we will always be
         | giving with one hand with our contributions but involuntarily
         | taking back with the other hand because of the work we have to
         | do in private corporations. And this is without mentioning that
         | if we dont fund & float our own ecosystems and become a
         | collective economic and political power as a community in our
         | own right, we will always be rule-takers and will always have
         | to fight the attempts of the private lobbies at destroying open
         | source.
         | 
         | Basically we must create our own world. And in that world, we
         | must be able to work in, make money with, and live with open
         | source.
        
       | gustavus wrote:
       | I don't understand when it became this was FOSS was always about
       | "Free as in speech." But for some reason it became "Free as in
       | beer." and many of the arguments I see around dev pay seem to be
       | conflating the 2.
       | 
       | Open source merely means the source is open and free for you to
       | view look at modify, etc. At no point does it mean it costs
       | nothing. Now with code it's not exactly a super reasonable
       | business model to sell a software product but make it's code
       | freely available, but that would still meet the definition of
       | open source.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | [Never mind, I didn't express this clearly]
        
           | ahepp wrote:
           | I've worked for multiple companies that pay for dual licensed
           | GPL software
        
           | reedciccio wrote:
           | Tell that to Red Hat, WordPress, Canonical, MySQL and many
           | more products built on pure Open Source. The issue is
           | complex.
        
           | jraph wrote:
           | That's not true. The company I work for manages to sell free
           | software [1]. All the stuff we sell is under LGPL, and it's
           | not open core, it is fully free software.
           | 
           | It works under specific conditions and you need to come up
           | with a business plan that makes it work, but it is possible.
           | And it is one of the most ethical ways to fund free software
           | so it would be too bad to discard this option too early.
           | 
           | For us, what works is enterprise oriented extensions for a
           | platform we develop. Turns out companies will fork off
           | hundreds of dollars and enjoy the support that comes with it
           | instead of compiling all this thing by themselves. It's more
           | convenient and employees understand that it funds the open
           | source software they are using, and it's an easily justified
           | expense. But should they want to enjoy any of the freedoms
           | that come with free software, they can.
           | 
           | [1] https://store.xwiki.com
        
         | Dalewyn wrote:
         | The reality noone wants to admit is that most people use and
         | patronize FOSS because it's free-as-in-beer and nothing else.
         | Nobody cares about freedoms, but everyone cares about their
         | bottom line.
         | 
         | This extends to even most of the FOSS devs themselves, refusing
         | pay and ostracizing those who accept pay because money to them
         | is kryptonite.
         | 
         | In my opinion, this philosophy that runs counter to a very
         | fundamental law of the world (everything, including manhours,
         | requires compensation) plays one of the largest roles in
         | keeping FOSS behind both commercial and proprietary/closed
         | software.
        
         | preommr wrote:
         | Perhaps unpopular opinion, but it's because the 0$ cost is what
         | 99% of OSS users care about.
         | 
         | Since it requires no investment on part of the user, it
         | increases the potential target market to a much larger size
         | than it would if it were paid. There's just something about
         | things being free that break people's minds.
         | 
         | There's even a study on this where they offered chocolates for
         | free vs 0.01$, and the free option was much more popular even
         | though the 0.01$ chocolate was much higher quality and much
         | better value for a very negligible difference.
         | 
         | Lots of users just want to download something, use it for a few
         | minutes and be done with it. Or at least try it out and know
         | that they can fall back to a free version at worst and not feel
         | like they made a bad investment.
        
         | jacobian wrote:
         | I think the thing is that it's always been both. The freedom to
         | hack and modify has always been inextricably linked with the $0
         | license fee. If the early free/open licenses had allowed source
         | access and modification but come with a license fee, or if
         | early FOSS had cost nothing to use but disallowed modification,
         | I don't think we'd have seen the success that we have. The two
         | senses of "free" in "free software" are and always have been
         | linked.
        
       | ChadNauseam wrote:
       | I've put some serious thought into solving this problem. There
       | are two main structural issues I know of:
       | 
       | 1. Open source libraries tend to be complement goods. You're more
       | willing to pay for a good physics engine if you already have a
       | good rendering engine and vice versa. But a sad truth of
       | complement goods is that they are a centralizing force - it's
       | actually better for everyone if the physics engine maker and
       | rendering engine maker join forces and offer a bundle discount.
       | But the most common strategy seems to be for them to just merge
       | into one company, and this is why you see giant conglomerate
       | products like Unreal and Unity instead of buying each component
       | from a different vendor.
       | 
       | 2. Since open source software is a public good (non-rivalrous,
       | non-excludable), the "free market" cannot really incentivize its
       | production nearly as much as would be optimal. Let's say there
       | are 1000 people who would each pay $10 for a feature to be added,
       | and the maintainer would happily add it for $5000. If 90% of
       | those people each paid $6 they would get what they want and the
       | maintainer would be happy too, but each individual has an
       | incentive to be part of that 10% that gets to keep their $6 and
       | still gets the feature, so what happens is that almost no one
       | ends up paying.
       | 
       | These problems can't be solved without slightly modifying open
       | source, but they can be solved by maintaining the spirit of open
       | source I think. What you need is to have some kind of foundation
       | that takes money and gives it to "quasi-open-source" projects,
       | and then only allows businesses to use those projects if they
       | contribute a certain percentage of their revenue to the
       | foundation. Of course, now the foundation needs to decide which
       | open source projects to give the money too. It's an extremely
       | tricky problem, but there's been a lot of interesting research by
       | Glen Weyl on that exact subject and I'm confident it could be
       | solved in a satisfactory way.
       | 
       | I think this proposal would create a virtuous cycle once it got
       | off the ground. The more projects licensed "quasi-open-source",
       | the larger the incentive to pay the foundation to use them. The
       | more the foundation is paid, the more money these "quasi-open-
       | source" projects get, and so more people will license their
       | projects "quasi-open-source", increasing the incentive again,
       | etc.
       | 
       | Of course, it would only be "quasi-open-source", and not truly
       | open-source. But there's no reason the license couldn't be
       | extremely in line with the spirit of open source. For example, it
       | could say "if you're an individual or small company, you can use
       | our code for any purpose for free. If you're a big company, you
       | can use it in a way that complies with the AGPL or you can pay
       | us, your choice".
       | 
       | I think employees would also encourage their employers to become
       | paying members of such a foundation, if it lead to those
       | employees being able to determine where some of the money goes.
       | Everyone at my current company is a Rust developer and so we
       | naturally like Rust, but Rust jobs aren't always easy to find. As
       | employees, it could be in our best interest to subsidize the
       | development of Rust open source projects, if that increased
       | Rust's attractiveness to other companies.
       | 
       | If you're interested in this idea, my email is in my bio :D
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | Or just use BSL...
        
         | mrob wrote:
         | You don't need "quasi-open-source" to solve the coordination
         | problem you describe. It can be solved with a threshold pledge
         | system[0]. People agree to donate money, and the developer
         | agrees to release the code once sufficient money is donated.
         | There can be a time limit after which the donations are
         | returned if the threshold isn't met.
         | 
         | This has actually worked in practice: Blender was originally
         | proprietary software, but the copyright holder agreed to
         | release it under the GPL after collecting 100K EUR in
         | donations. After 7 weeks they collected enough donations and
         | Blender was released as FOSS as promised.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Threshold_pledge_system
        
       | axus wrote:
       | Given free hosting and compute by the NSA? Win
        
       | 4kimov wrote:
       | > Every time a maintainer finds a way to get paid, it's a win.
       | 
       | Amen. It's becoming more common, and there's lots to celebrate
       | [0]
       | 
       | [0] https://fossfox.com/
        
       | samatman wrote:
       | A note to writers: when you find yourself writing a paragraph
       | defensively justifying alienating your intended audience, take a
       | walk around the block and _think really hard_ about whether doing
       | so is a good idea.
       | 
       | I will never compromise on the definition of open source. I'm not
       | particularly hard-nosed about proprietary software, or source
       | available software either, they're fine, with some caveats I'll
       | leave out.
       | 
       | But it's important to have a term for software which is
       | unencumbered by use restrictions, and we do: open source. Lumping
       | other licenses in with it should be resisted. It's like (I've
       | never seen this, to be clear) pescatarians rebranding as "seafood
       | vegans". What is supposed to be gained there, or by trying to
       | bolt on various source-available licenses to the definition of
       | open source?
       | 
       | So this guy picks an important topic, and right up front, he's
       | telling me he knows that it's going to piss me off, but he's
       | going to call not-open-source software open source anyway, and if
       | I object, I don't care about developers getting paid.
       | 
       | Y'know what? You succeeded. Fuck you, tab closed.
        
         | barnabee wrote:
         | Agree and I don't understand the downvotes.
         | 
         | The goal isn't for every dev or project to make money or be
         | sustainable in open source, just as it isn't for every business
         | idea to succeed.
         | 
         | I donate to numerous open source projects and make a point of
         | donating more than I believe they'd charge me to buy/subscribe
         | if the software wasn't open source. I encourage others to do so
         | too, I sincerely hope and believe we can see that happen. I'd
         | love to see more _truly_ open source software become
         | sustainable, of course.
         | 
         | But I don't kid myself that it all will be. And I don't care to
         | relax the definition to include open core, VC exploitative,
         | bait and switch, or whatever (have we learnt nothing in the
         | last two decades?!). If the project dies it dies, if it stays a
         | hobby project that's ok too.
        
       | FOSSwins wrote:
       | I'm a developer with 15+ YOE, working mostly on legacy code in a
       | govt job but I have extensive experience with modern code bases
       | (C, Rust), and I have contributed to lots of FOSS of projects
       | over the years in my free time as a way to learn new tech. I
       | would work full time on Open Source if I was paid enough to leave
       | my 9-5 job, which is not a lot in a third world country like
       | mine. Say, $1500 / month.
        
       | coretx wrote:
       | It certainly is good, but money also turns many people bad and
       | impacts organizational dynamics.
        
       | barnabee wrote:
       | I donate to a decent number of open source projects. Others I
       | think are more than fine without me (Linux kernel, etc.) but I
       | wouldn't hesitate to donate if I believed they weren't.
       | 
       | For the rest, I would indeed as happily see them fail than
       | compromise on the definition of open source. The two are
       | equivalent to me.
        
       | philipwhiuk wrote:
       | So many strawmen being set-up in this article the crow population
       | is gonna take a major nose dive.
       | 
       | If I hate _any_ specific business model that is used by a company
       | that does some some open source suddenly I don 't think people
       | deserve to be paid for their work?
       | 
       | Yeah no, that's garbage. There's plenty of garbage business
       | models and they aren't suddenly okay because one company uses it
       | and 1% of their money funds some small bit of OSS work that
       | underpins their business model.
        
       | benatkin wrote:
       | I'll respond to the little part where it puts using a "non-OSI
       | approved license" under the umbrella of open source. It's not OSI
       | approved because it isn't open source, as the community defined
       | it long ago, and as it still makes sense for it to be defined. If
       | you want me to agree with you, don't do that.
       | 
       | Otherwise, I don't feel compelled to consider a bunch of
       | disparate things as a _Win_. Here 's one that could be more of a
       | trap than a win, depending on the particulars of the job:
       | "Employed by Microsoft to work on Python?" Look no further than
       | https://ghuntley.com/fracture/
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | He anticipated your comment and already replied. You're free to
         | disagree with him, but he clearly thought that part through
         | already and already knows he disagrees with you and with the
         | OSI. This entire post is his justification for his
         | disagreement, while all you have is an appeal to the OSI
         | definition that he's specifically rejecting.
         | 
         | > "open source" / "free software"
         | 
         | > Note the deliberate use of lower case. I'm not referring to
         | Open Source(tm) as defined by OSI, nor to Free Software(tm) as
         | defined by the FSF. I mean these terms in the broadest, most
         | inclusive sense: "software with source code that I can read and
         | modify and release variants of, perhaps under some conditions."
         | So I'm including OSI and FSF licenses, but also the Polyform
         | licenses and the JSON license and, yes BSL in my version of
         | "open source".
         | 
         | > This is perhaps a side point, but the "minimalist" definition
         | of Open Source meaning "only OSI-approved licenses" - or,
         | worse, "the GPL is the only 'true' Free Software license" - is
         | part of the problem here. I want to see more experimentation
         | and variety in licensing options, and if that means introducing
         | some additional restrictions beyond "anyone can use this for
         | any purpose" I'm pretty okay with that. In my book, a broad
         | spectrum of licenses from Blue Oak to BSL (and even more
         | restrictive) "count" as open source.
        
           | benatkin wrote:
           | I used lower case deliberately as well.
           | 
           | It's a term that excludes source available, not just because
           | of OSI but because of the community.
        
         | cratermoon wrote:
         | By picking his own definition of what open source means, is the
         | author really arguing for paying people to work on open source?
         | Or is his argument more one of being in favor allowing a bunch
         | of things that happen to pay people to work on them be counted
         | as "open source"?
         | 
         | For example, if RHEL still counts as open source, then Red
         | Hat's programmers are paid open source developers, but if RHEL
         | is now proprietary, then there are fewer people being paid to
         | work on open source.
        
       | hardcopy wrote:
       | A few weeks ago a wrote in to my Senator on the complete lack of
       | government funding for independent engineers/small projects
       | building FOSS (USA).
       | 
       | NLNet in the EU is awesome. We really should have something like
       | the NLNet in the USA.
        
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