[HN Gopher] Friction is Good: Let's add it to our digital experi...
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       Friction is Good: Let's add it to our digital experiences
        
       Author : mpesce
       Score  : 47 points
       Date   : 2024-02-14 08:32 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theregister.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theregister.com)
        
       | raspyberr wrote:
       | >For sixty years, computing has emphasized speed
       | 
       | I wish day to day software emphasized speed
        
         | thfuran wrote:
         | It's frankly amazing how slow a lot of everyday stuff is given
         | how damn fast modern hardware is.
        
           | aqfamnzc wrote:
           | It sure seems like modern hardware's speed is wasted on
           | making things slightly easier for devs, rather than speed or
           | performance increases for users huh. If 29 layers of
           | abstraction saves a little dev time over 5 layers, that's
           | fine, but it feels like it creates this unnecessary
           | requirement to use <5y old hardware to run things smoothly
        
             | vonjuice wrote:
             | From electron instances everywhere, to the niche suckless
             | philosophy, so much of software seems to be programmer-
             | first. Truly missing the forest for the trees.
        
       | atahanacar wrote:
       | I don't understand what the writer is proposing here. How is
       | slower = secure?
        
         | NegativeK wrote:
         | Slower != secure.
         | 
         | But secure implies slower. Therefore, fast as possible implies
         | not secure.
        
           | slowmovintarget wrote:
           | So theater.
           | 
           | You actually do need to present consistently slow evaluation
           | times when handling encrypted values, as failing fast gives
           | out information that can be used for cracking. But other than
           | that, there usually isn't a good reason to do it.
        
             | NegativeK wrote:
             | The article specifically mentions why fully unsupervised,
             | no "friction" processes lead to actual, specific problems.
             | 
             | You could slow your stuff down without securing it in
             | response to the article's idea, but that's not what I was
             | referring to in my comment.
        
         | alwa wrote:
         | The more consequential the thing, the more likely that it will
         | still be consequential after some time passes at a human scale,
         | and the more important it is to take the time and be sure it's
         | done right.
         | 
         | It takes time to catch mistakes-whether mistakes on the
         | operator's part or mistakes on the system designer's part-that
         | unforeseen circumstances or malicious actors might be turning
         | to unexpected effect.
         | 
         | In the author's example of a cryptocurrency heist: had this
         | happened in a US bank, where somebody tried to initiate a
         | $90,000 transfer from the victim's account to a strange one,
         | there's a much better chance that, in the days it takes to
         | settle, a bank employee would ask questions or the friend would
         | notice a large pending transaction and question it in time to
         | cancel it.
         | 
         | I mean for that matter, we have examples of fast-settling
         | systems (like credit card fraud detection) where that prudent
         | degree of friction comes from having an automatic system auto-
         | deny the transfer in the minority of cases it finds suspicious,
         | requiring the friend to meet a higher bar of scrutiny for that
         | specific high-consequence action.
         | 
         | In the case of most all $90,000 transfers to strangers in a
         | person's life, the money's just as good "day after tomorrow" as
         | it is "just as soon as this block makes it on the chain." The
         | house/car/rucksack of contraband will still be there, and your
         | money will still be good.
        
         | nurbl wrote:
         | Consider that in a world where almost everything is automated
         | and reacts quickly, some faulty logic somewhere could cascade
         | and lead to a lot of bad stuff happening before anyone even has
         | a chance to notice. Introducing some latency, need for
         | validation, etc, at the right places could mitigate this. I
         | don't think just sprinkling slowness everywhere is the idea.
         | 
         | I do think that the efficiency hype has made us all a little
         | speed blind. It's not like faster = secure either...
        
       | klabb3 wrote:
       | It's not terribly difficult in case of financial transactions.
       | Just separate into queueing and executing, with an auto-timer,
       | notifications (email, push etc) and an option to cancel directly
       | from the notification channel (without requiring 2FA etc to
       | prevent hijacking issues).
       | 
       | This could be applied to other things, like updating an auth
       | factor (change email for instance). Just notify the old email and
       | queue the operation.
       | 
       | Doesn't solve all the issues but gives humans a chance to counter
       | bots and hackers based on speed alone.
       | 
       | The main engineering challenge is to estimate impact of an
       | operation, since it depends on other actions. For instance,
       | exfiltrating $1M in $5 increments should not be possible.
        
         | smallmancontrov wrote:
         | > in case of financial transactions
         | 
         | The friction is already there.
         | 
         | Every single goddamn time I want to transfer more than a few
         | thousand dollars between any of my accounts, it turns into a
         | complete shitshow of bouncing transactions, hunting down
         | reasons, navigating bureaucracy that doesn't want to be
         | navigated, sometimes to the point of looping in authorities
         | (!), and generally burning many hours of my life to get the
         | financial institutions to do their most basic job.
         | 
         | It's not great. If the purpose is security, we can do better,
         | but I'm not convinced. If the purpose is because financial
         | institutions know that they can prevent customer outflow by
         | shitting up the outgoing transfer mechanism, we should make
         | them do better. If this drop in friction makes security worse,
         | then we should go back and make security better again using a
         | type of friction that isn't such a fucking migrane to deal
         | with.
        
           | klabb3 wrote:
           | Yes, trad banking is a mess. Also, what are considered big
           | transactions? It totally depends on the account.
           | 
           | Wise has a way to set rolling limits on things like online
           | purchases and ATM withdrawals. That's very neat. I think that
           | if you're say emptying your entire savings, it's good to have
           | multiple safeguards (and of course being clear about what
           | happens and why).
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | You also have something like Gmail's option to have a short
         | delay before sending an email which I use semi-regularly.
         | Honestly, wish I had a 5 second delay on my cell phone for all
         | the times I fat finger dial someone on my recents tab.
        
       | jerf wrote:
       | I've pondered on this before, but it's another place where the
       | counterintuitive spanning of so many orders of magnitude
       | effectively trashes any effort to do this. Any simple solution
       | fails, and not just by a little, but utterly. "Hey, maybe we
       | should slow down our bandwidth so an attacker can't exfiltrate
       | our entire petabyte database." Yup, sure, that's great, but the
       | attacker only cares about the most valuable few megabytes, like
       | your customer data and accounting. Any attempt to slow down
       | access to those megabytes is useless, because what's the point of
       | petabytes of data with a window of access small enough to make
       | downloading a few megabytes noticeably difficult?
       | 
       | "But jerf, we could 'just'..." Yeah, you could, but you're not
       | going to have just one or two "justs", you're going to have
       | _thousands upon thousands_ , and they'll end up interacting with
       | each other. You end up having to build an incredibly complicated
       | scheme of labeling the value of everything, and along with
       | getting the labeling wrong, there isn't even a correct labeling
       | anyhow.
       | 
       | A: "We limit access to the users table because only so many users
       | log in per second and we don't want anyone to SELECT * the table
       | and walk off with the whole thing in 2 seconds."
       | 
       | B: "OK, great, well, I have a job here than needs to run across
       | the entire table and send an email to anyone who hasn't logged in
       | in a year that we're going to cut off their access soon. How long
       | will that take?"
       | 
       | A: "Let's see... with the current friction on our system, it'll
       | take... a week and a half."
       | 
       | B: "Oh, well, that's OK then. With the restrictions on how many
       | emails our email systems will send per hour, that system's
       | looking at 3 or 4 months to do the job."
       | 
       | You may think I'm exaggerating the time scales for effect, but
       | I'm not. That's those "orders of magnitude" I refer to. Try to
       | put enough friction on systems to meaningfully slow down
       | attackers and you can easily push jobs into days, weeks, months.
       | Especially if, as I'm kind of thinking of in this example, all
       | this poor developer has to work with is the _leftover_ capacity
       | for emails, because the throttled rate is already nearly consumed
       | by the normal functioning of the system.
       | 
       | (Bear in mind that if you "just" build a back door to let such
       | processes work, that's a back door the attacker can walk through,
       | thus defeating the entire purpose.)
       | 
       | It's a neat idea but it's a non-starter if you sit down and start
       | working with the numbers. At most there's a few places you could
       | add it and get a specific protection, but as a general principle
       | it is not useful.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | Well, yes, the headline is way too broad and think about this
         | in terms of undifferentiated _data_ is way too abstract.
         | 
         | But the example in the article was a financial transaction and
         | the relevant measurement is transaction size in dollars, not
         | bytes. Think about it like a bank with limits on ATM
         | withdrawals, or a store with a safe that doesn't open at night.
         | There's no reason large transactions for consumers need to be
         | fast - how often do you buy a house?
        
       | slowmovintarget wrote:
       | Lots of words and salesmanship to say "maybe put humans back in
       | the workflow for things that require security and safety."
        
         | tempodox wrote:
         | Too late for that. Using crappy "AI" would be cheaper, plus you
         | can pretend that humans aren't responsible for failures any
         | more.
        
       | bluGill wrote:
       | This article is light in details, but I'm going to guess that the
       | money stolen was crypto of some sort. It is unlikely you could
       | pull this off with regular banks as banks log everything. Sure if
       | I gave you my checking account number you could take all the
       | money I have in there - but the banks all know who got that money
       | and so when I go to the police there is a trail to trace and much
       | higher odds I get it back. This is one reason why crime goes
       | through Swiss banks (traditionally) or Cayman islands (more
       | likely) - the banks there are much less likely to cooperate with
       | any police I go to and so it is much harder to reverse charges.
       | 
       | I still won't post my checking account number publicly though.
       | Bank logs are not fool proof, but they are a lot better than
       | crypto.
        
         | rglullis wrote:
         | It says right in the first paragraph it was crypto.
         | 
         | Still, if you think the problem doesn't apply to "real money":
         | there was this story in Brazil some years ago of thieves going
         | around to Carnival parties with NFC-enabled payment machines.
         | They got away with hundreds of thousands of BRL just by walking
         | in the middle of the crowd with the machine set to collect a
         | small payment.
         | 
         | IOW, people were getting robbed because we've become too lazy
         | to _type a PIN code_.
        
           | samatman wrote:
           | There is no way to set Apple Pay to activate without user
           | input, is this not true in Android?
        
             | wlesieutre wrote:
             | Tap-to-pay NFC credit cards
             | 
             | Chip and pin or even chip and signature is just too much
             | effort to pay for something
        
               | aqfamnzc wrote:
               | To do this, are they using some kind of modified payment
               | terminal with extended range somehow? My understanding is
               | that the NFC coils have to be very close, like single-
               | digit cm to get any kind of power or data through.
        
               | GauntletWizard wrote:
               | At carnival in Bazil, you bump into people; Like, when
               | they talk packed streets, they're talking body to body
               | contact filling the street for blocks and blocks. All
               | you'd have to do is put a terminal around your waist and
               | you'd get close enough to activate NFC for hundreds of
               | people just pushing through the crowd.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Carnival#/media/F
               | ile...
        
               | rglullis wrote:
               | Have you been to a Carnival party in Brazil? Most of the
               | time, you won't have "single-digit cm" between you and
               | the next closest to you.
        
               | aqfamnzc wrote:
               | (Reply depth reached) I guess if you're filtering through
               | a big crowd then indeed you could get really close to
               | people and their wallets. I thought GP was saying you
               | could immediately skim every person in a crowd at once.
        
               | eternityforest wrote:
               | Chip and pin can be unreliable because of bad contacts
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | I didn't say it doesn't apply to real money. I said there is
           | a lot more logging so you have a better chance of finding
           | where the money went, catching them, and getting your money
           | back. It isn't perfect, and it does depend on Brazil's
           | courts. It also depends on someone going through a lot of
           | effort, it isn't automatic.
        
             | rglullis wrote:
             | Still, we are now being forced to spend an uncountable
             | amount of time and resources to create a system that can
             | mitigate an issue brought by some technology which was
             | supposed to save us what, 10 seconds of each in-person
             | transaction? It makes no sense.
        
           | skybrian wrote:
           | US passports have a cover that makes it hard to read the chip
           | unless opened. I don't know how well it works, but it seems
           | like something similar would be useful for payment cards,
           | even if there's no PIN.
        
       | pram wrote:
       | TurboTax has this kind of "performative slowness" to convince you
       | it's doing more than it actually is. It has pointless loading
       | bars and spinning wheel pages as you navigate through every
       | section. I definitely wouldn't be an advocate of replicating it.
        
         | marcosdumay wrote:
         | The article is asking for functional slowness, not
         | performative.
         | 
         | And it's a quite popular opinion, because almost every channel
         | has some form of it, and he had to go way out of his way into
         | cryptocoins to enable the problem to happen at all.
        
           | ToucanLoucan wrote:
           | One could argue though if you're purposely designing your
           | systems in such a way where they operate slower than they
           | could otherwise, that in itself is just performative
           | slowness.
           | 
           | Most of the processes that I think this author wants to see
           | adopted don't even need to be slow, necessarily. More than
           | anything it's just shocking how much modern software is so
           | utterly bare bones in terms of features, especially around
           | security. While I was attending a therapist not long ago, she
           | had me use an app service I won't name to manage my
           | appointments and payment information, and every login was
           | done with a magic link. This was both annoying, because the
           | app wouldn't stay logged in for a certain amount of time at
           | all and I had to have it send me another password link every
           | time I used it, and also ineffective, because if my email was
           | compromised, nothing was stopping that actor from getting
           | full and complete access to this app.
           | 
           | I don't think it was necessarily a huge risk, but there was
           | literally no options for this. No MFA, not even a password or
           | a PIN to set for stuff like billing information. I could see
           | this being an absolute _nightmare_ to unwind if you happened
           | to have your email breached.
        
         | al_borland wrote:
         | I wonder if some of that was added to try and nudge people to
         | pay attention. With no cost to jumping around and going back,
         | people will likely be more careless. If a user knows going back
         | and redoing something is slow and annoying, they may pay more
         | attention and double check their work before clicking Next.
        
       | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
       | _> Thinking fast has left us vulnerable._
       | 
       | It also affords _really big_ mistakes. There 's a famous photo,
       | from the original version of _The Design of Everyday Things_ , by
       | Don Norman, that shows reactor control rod controls, topped by
       | beer tap handles, to ensure that the operators can differentiate,
       | because the original design had the same knob, which could make
       | it easy to mix them up.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | Like add a delay?
        
       | krunck wrote:
       | $90k should not be in an online wallet. It should be in a
       | hardware wallet with a passphrase. If you insist on keeping it in
       | a wallet on a computer then airgap the machine.
        
       | eternityforest wrote:
       | I don't use and have no interest in using crypto, but I do notice
       | that emails can easily be sent to the wrong person, and very
       | little thought seems to go into stopping this.
       | 
       | We have "Do you really want to send this" that doesn't even tell
       | you who it's sending it to. "Do you really want to send this to
       | X" with a slide lock, and a little box with a brief summary,
       | would be so much better.
        
       | GMoromisato wrote:
       | I agree with the sentiment, but this is UX 101.
       | 
       | UX isn't about always letting the user do something as fast as
       | possible--that's just cargo cult UX. UX is about reducing the
       | obstacles between user-intent and computer action. We want the
       | computer to carry out the user's intent.
       | 
       | Sometimes that means frictionless UI: if I'm changing a font
       | size, I want direct manipulation, instant feedback, etc. But if
       | I'm transferring money, I want to make sure there are no mistakes
       | and sometimes that means friction: confirmation steps, etc.
       | 
       | Saying that friction is good is just as useless as saying that
       | speed is good. The whole point of UX design is to know when it's
       | good and when it's not.
        
       | unethical_ban wrote:
       | Traditional banks know this and use context based authentication
       | for sensitive transactions.
       | 
       | Sms based 2fa is a known crummy 2fa. Get TOTP or a hardware
       | token.
       | 
       | I feel the article is trying to sound smart by using lofty words
       | when the answer really is simpler.
        
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