[HN Gopher] FinCEN proposes new rule for residential real estate...
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       FinCEN proposes new rule for residential real estate held in trusts
       or LLCs
        
       Author : the88doctor
       Score  : 66 points
       Date   : 2024-02-08 16:57 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.fincen.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.fincen.gov)
        
       | mattmaroon wrote:
       | I wonder if this is inspired at least in part by the Russian
       | invasion of Ukraine. Their oligarchs are known to use this method
       | quite a bit.
        
       | instagib wrote:
       | I tried to parse a little of this so, FinCEN wants to know who
       | profits off of real estate if you are a 5% equity share holder or
       | 10% if at a director level in an organization.
       | 
       | Will FinCEN publish these records? It would defeat the purpose of
       | putting a home in an llc for anonymity.
       | 
       | Under the proposed rule, persons involved in real estate closings
       | and settlements would continue to be exempt from the anti-money
       | laundering compliance program requirements of the Bank Secrecy
       | Act. I.e. loans, banks.
        
         | mikeyouse wrote:
         | The records aren't publicly available - they'll provide them to
         | the Feds and to anyone who provides a valid court order;
         | 
         | https://www.fincen.gov/news/news-releases/fact-sheet-
         | benefic....
        
           | gottorf wrote:
           | > they'll provide them to the Feds
           | 
           | That's too bad; methinks the Feds should also need a court
           | order. Though, I suppose with FISA courts rubber-stamping
           | warrants, it wouldn't even be a nuisance.
        
             | mikeyouse wrote:
             | Depends on your level of cynicism whether they'll follow
             | the guardrails, but they do have some;
             | 
             | > _Federal government agency access to BOI. Under the
             | Access Rule and as authorized by the CTA, FinCEN may
             | disclose BOI to Federal agencies engaged in national
             | security, intelligence, or law enforcement activity if the
             | requested BOI is for use in furtherance of such activity.
             | "Law enforcement activity" includes both criminal and civil
             | investigations and actions, such as actions to impose civil
             | penalties, civil forfeiture actions, and civil enforcement
             | through administrative proceedings. Prior to requesting
             | BOI, Federal agency users will be required to certify that
             | the agency is engaged in a national security, intelligence,
             | or law enforcement activity and that the information
             | requested is for use in furtherance of that activity. They
             | will also be required to provide the specific reasons why
             | the requested information is relevant to the activity._
        
         | neilv wrote:
         | > _It would defeat the purpose of putting a home in an llc for
         | anonymity._
         | 
         | That's a legitimate desire, and I think we should make privacy
         | and the motives behind it available to everyone, not only those
         | who can afford the expense and effort to set up and maintain an
         | LLC.
         | 
         | (I'd expect the solution to be a combination of changes: outlaw
         | most data-brokering and trading of personal data, hold
         | organizations responsible for the data they hold so much that
         | they treat unnecessary personal data like an existential-threat
         | toxic liability, change practices to make SWAT-ing not be such
         | a risk even if some psycho did get hold of someone's address,
         | hold demagogues responsible for using conspiracy theories they
         | know are false to incite mentally ill people, and more.)
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> It would defeat the purpose of putting a home in an llc
           | for anonymity.
           | 
           | > That's a legitimate desire, and I think we should make
           | privacy and the motives behind it available to everyone, not
           | only those who can afford the expense and effort to set up
           | and maintain an LLC.
           | 
           | I'm on the fence about that. Why should someone not be able
           | to determine who owns a particular piece of property?
        
       | egberts1 wrote:
       | It is common for liberty-oriented officials to put their own home
       | into an LLC and have an appointed officer/manager as the public-
       | facing contact.
       | 
       | I am quite sure that rich and powerful people will do some decent
       | but firm pushback if FinCen goes too far in making records
       | public.
       | 
       | Edited: replaced 'privacy-oriented' with 'liberty-oriented' in
       | light of Bruce Schneier's blog.
        
         | wavefunction wrote:
         | If they have nothing to hide they have nothing to fear. I would
         | take the hypothetical fear and pushback by these "types" as a
         | strong positive signal that this is an effort that is vitally
         | worth doing for society.
        
           | dogman144 wrote:
           | They have to fear swatting. If you've got the time and
           | knowledge of where the individual likely lives, a hunting app
           | for instance will show who owns each land plot in clear-text
           | lol.
        
             | wavefunction wrote:
             | Ok but I have to fear that, what's the purpose for
             | different privileges? My info is publicly available.
        
             | 1024core wrote:
             | You want to find out where someone lives? Head over to
             | zabasearch.com and search away!
        
           | egberts1 wrote:
           | Quoting Joseph Goebbels?
           | 
           | Bruce Schneier said: "Too many wrongly characterize the
           | debate as 'security versus privacy.' The real choice is
           | liberty versus control."
           | 
           | https://www.schneier.com/essays/archives/2006/05/the_eternal.
           | ..
        
             | wavefunction wrote:
             | Liberty is freedom with responsibilty, not free from
             | responsibility. There's definitely a middle ground between
             | "You can only license one house from Great Society,
             | comrade" and letting America become a rent-extraction
             | exercise rather than real value creation. Forgive me for
             | looking dimly on the situation.
        
           | GoldenMonkey wrote:
           | Is nothing in our life private now? What about the need for
           | privacy. Random ppl shouldn't know your financial holdings.
           | We have a real lack of privacy now and easy access to the
           | public records.
        
             | dwater wrote:
             | There is public benefit to knowing the beneficial owner of
             | real estate. It is the physical assets of a community and
             | the community benefits from knowing who ultimately owns
             | those assets.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Ultimately, this appears to be yet another step in the
               | direction of deep control of society over wealth and the
               | people who have it.
               | 
               | Which, if you ever want to have anything of your own or
               | be better than median in some way should concern you
               | greatly.
               | 
               | Some people will not rest until you're poorer and more
               | miserable than them, no matter what. Even if it means
               | hurting themselves (and everyone else) to do it.
               | 
               | Crabs in a bucket mentality is deeply destructive and
               | dangerous.
        
               | kiba wrote:
               | Land is a scarce and valuable commodity that should be
               | divided amongst the community to maximize its benefit for
               | everyone, typically through taxation.
               | 
               | If you want the most valuable land, you should be
               | operating enterprises that provide values high enough to
               | pay for the land.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | Do you believe that wealth is an innate right no matter
               | the societal cost -- that people should be able to own
               | such things or amounts of things that it is to the
               | detriment of those around them?
        
               | Analemma_ wrote:
               | Something like this argument applies to a lot of
               | privately-created wealth, but not to land. Private
               | ownership of land (and the profits generated by it) is
               | completely philosophically incoherent if you spend a
               | little time thinking about it, starting with the fact
               | that private property rights require that stolen assets
               | be returned and not able to be profited from, but all
               | land is stolen when you trace back far enough, and all
               | land ownership claims are the fruit of the poisoned tree.
               | 
               | The best approach would be one where the government
               | issues long-term leases to parcels of land, but property
               | taxes are an okay-ish alternative if that (or LVTs)
               | aren't feasible. Note that this is already what we do for
               | things like the EM spectrum: the government owns it in
               | the public trust, then leases it with an open bidding
               | process.
        
               | kiba wrote:
               | If you tax land properly, it doesn't matter who's the
               | owner of the estate as long as the state can reach them
               | or start a process to claw back the estate for nonpayment
               | of taxes.
        
           | nostromo wrote:
           | > If they have nothing to hide they have nothing to fear.
           | 
           | Ok then. Share with us your email and social media passwords
           | -- and give us access to your Google Photos while you're at
           | it. Otherwise -- what are you hiding?
        
             | wavefunction wrote:
             | You're comparing a democratic government's lawful actions
             | to your silly demands on the internet?
        
           | davrosthedalek wrote:
           | The expression "If they have nothing to hide they have
           | nothing to fear" is one of the most scary sentences.
           | 
           | I am sure the Dutch didn't think recording the religion/race
           | was a problem. Until it was. Took some work to limit the
           | damage [1]
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1943_bombing_of_the_Amsterd
           | am_...
        
             | wavefunction wrote:
             | Perhaps it was both tongue-in-cheek and not. But if they're
             | not doing anything "wrong" then what is there to fear?
             | Nothing.
             | 
             | What will really happen is that we find out that there are
             | millions of LLCs owned by a few corporate investment
             | offices that are driving up the price of housing for my
             | fellow citizens, actual human beings who I value far more
             | than any legal fictions.
        
               | davrosthedalek wrote:
               | What have the Jews in the Netherlands done wrong?
               | 
               | Anyway, just to paint maybe some more realistic threat
               | models: Swatting. People suing rich people to get "go-
               | away" money. Targeted robberies or abductions.
               | 
               | Privacy is a right, also for rich people. For any
               | information that is private, I can find a good reason for
               | it to not be private.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | Do you really think that society is so just that only
               | those people who do wrong need fear things?
        
         | PopAlongKid wrote:
         | First sentence in the article explains the actual purpose, it's
         | not about liberty/privacy, it's about catching criminals.
         | 
         | > to combat and deter money laundering in the U.S. residential
         | real estate sector by increasing transparency.
        
       | Fin_Code wrote:
       | This is deeply needed, one of the big causes of housing inflation
       | is using it to launder money. Higher housing costs are better
       | because you can launder more. Its like when rich people can't
       | have a money trail for some shady activity so they sell art to
       | each other for a wild amount. This will require all owners to be
       | named instead of a nameless llc. Should help curb the process.
        
         | max_ wrote:
         | Can't some lawyer just be used as a proxy for holding the real
         | estate?
        
           | singleshot_ wrote:
           | This is what a trust is, more or less. Legal title,
           | beneficial ownership, and control can all be vested in
           | different entities.
        
         | psychlops wrote:
         | > one of the big causes of housing inflation is using it to
         | launder money
         | 
         | I'd love a link backing this bold assertion.
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | You'll find plenty or none depending on your desired level of
           | detail. After reading about this topic for years I still
           | don't understand how to use real estate for money laundering.
        
             | bombcar wrote:
             | In _very specific_ cases it can be used to avoid certain
             | countries ' laws about exporting cash/value.
             | 
             | But that's not going to be a major source of real estate
             | transactional volume.
        
               | phkahler wrote:
               | >> https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39277767
               | 
               | Except in parts of Canada. This just came across HN
               | earlier this week:
               | 
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39277767
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | That's just liar-loans, not money laundering.
        
             | Fin_Code wrote:
             | This is actually quite easy. Lookup how to purchase a home
             | with cash (its easy). The house is then assigned to an
             | owning entity to become part of a portfolio. Then after a
             | given time based on risk you can sell to generate revenue.
             | Then disburse to other entities that lead back to the
             | person that dropped in the cash. The wash is completed.
             | Where else could you drop large quantities of cash then
             | translate that to clean money?
        
           | Fin_Code wrote:
           | This is actually quite easy. Lookup how to purchase a home
           | with cash (its easy). The house is then assigned to an owning
           | entity to become part of a portfolio. Then after a given time
           | based on risk you can sell to generate revenue. Then disburse
           | to other entities that lead back to the person that dropped
           | in the cash. The wash is completed.
           | 
           | Where else could you drop large quantities of cash then
           | translate that to clean money?
        
         | jgilias wrote:
         | Housing inflation everywhere is mostly due to the stock of
         | housing growing a lot slower (or not at all) compared to the
         | growth of broad money supply.
         | 
         | If there's more of the thing that you use to account for stuff,
         | but stuff doesn't become more, the number in your units of
         | account goes up.
         | 
         | Edit: Apart from that, there's monetary premium put on real
         | estate, as people effectively use it to short the currency by
         | buying it with debt.
        
       | Centigonal wrote:
       | I think this is great for AML, and also for making the activities
       | of institutional buyers of real estate a little clearer. I'm
       | reminded of this article specifically:
       | https://www.sfchronicle.com/projects/2022/veritas-san-franci...
        
         | singleshot_ wrote:
         | It's also great for sending a swat team to your house, which
         | might have a bit more sudden of an impact than the change
         | you're envisioning.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | What does this have to do with SWAT teams?
        
             | singleshot_ wrote:
             | If a person knows where another person lives, the first
             | person can send a heavily armed SWAT detachment to the
             | second person's home. This is one reason my home is held in
             | trust, so it's a little more difficult for some idiot to
             | try this.
             | 
             | I imagine if this route was banned, it would be a lot
             | easier to figure out where a person lives, which would
             | generally result in decreased privacy, safety, and
             | security.
        
           | Centigonal wrote:
           | The proposed FinCEN rule is specific to non-financed (i.e.
           | all-cash) transfers to companies or trusts. That in itself
           | rules out the vast majority of private individuals. I'm sure
           | they could also add carve-outs for primary residences or
           | otherwise reduce the impact of this rule on private
           | individuals.
           | 
           | That being said, I think the number of people who live in
           | fear of being swatted in their homes is at least two orders
           | of magnitude smaller than the number of people who rent a
           | home owned by a mysterious and unaccountable corporate
           | landlord.
        
             | singleshot_ wrote:
             | That's really nice to know. I'm not sure whether my
             | situation would qualify under that rule, thought. I do
             | appreciate you sharing that detail. Carve-out for a primary
             | residence would be nice but in that circumstance, it still
             | seems like someone over at the government knows where I
             | live, which is suboptimal.
             | 
             | That being left aside, I am concerned about home intrusions
             | much more than I am with economic equity for all _and_ I
             | don't think this measure will be a particularly effective
             | control on the latter.
        
       | 1024core wrote:
       | How do these trusts, LLCs, etc. work for inheritance? Can I
       | bypass inheritance issues by, say, putting my house in a trust
       | and making my kid one of the "owners" of the trust? Then when I
       | pass away, s/he gets control of the trust and thus own the house?
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | There is nuance, but yes. It doesn't avoid taxes except in
         | certain edge cases; it is a more efficient form of probate. The
         | target of the assets is the "beneficiary."
         | 
         | https://smartasset.com/estate-planning/how-to-avoid-estate-t...
         | 
         | https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/investing/estate-planning...
        
         | whitej125 wrote:
         | More specifically... "probate issues".
         | 
         | If you die with assets... you assets are going to be
         | transferred to beneficiaries in accordance with a will if you
         | have one. It's a lengthy legal process called probate. Because
         | its going through the court system the filings are all public
         | record too.
         | 
         | If you put your assets into a trust (generally a revocable or
         | living trust)... when you die you aren't dying with any assets.
         | The trust "lives on" and has the rules for distribution
         | codified into it. No probate court. No public record of assets,
         | etc. Tends to be a faster, more efficient for everyone process
         | as I understand it.
        
       | dikaio wrote:
       | We have a business in Las Vegas incorporated as an LLC and
       | incorporated in Wyoming to hold real estate that we purchase
       | overtime and leave to our kids and just yesterday we were
       | notified that FinCen is requesting names, contact information,
       | IDs (passport, drivers license) and percentage owned in the
       | corporation. I would have thought they would have had all that
       | information prior from our filings. In my eyes there's nothing
       | wrong with any of this, it's all standard procedure but my
       | assumption is that it's all rooted from an underlying issue, the
       | US balance sheet keeps going up and the government is looking to
       | cross all Ts and dot all I's on where they can collect. The
       | underlying issue never gets fixed, that's that the government
       | can't stop spending. Fix government, fixes the issue.
        
         | ragnot wrote:
         | So to clarify, you have an LLC in vegas owned by a holding LLC
         | in Wyoming? Is that only for anonymity?
        
         | cyanydeez wrote:
         | good.
         | 
         | wealth transfer is obscene.
        
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