[HN Gopher] Alaska Airlines flight 1282 NTSB preliminary report ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Alaska Airlines flight 1282 NTSB preliminary report [pdf]
        
       Author : tomalpha
       Score  : 120 points
       Date   : 2024-02-06 21:17 UTC (1 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ntsb.gov)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ntsb.gov)
        
       | mef wrote:
       | anyone have a copy hosted? it's currently overloaded and not
       | responding
        
         | hipadev23 wrote:
         | I believe this video mostly covers it:
         | https://youtu.be/3m5qxZm_JqM
        
           | ilyagr wrote:
           | This is old satire. It's good satire, but don't expect to
           | find actual information here.
        
         | geoffeg wrote:
         | https://aviationsourcenews.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/02/Re...
        
       | mcmatterson wrote:
       | The fact that a critical piece of the evidence was cell phone
       | photos sent between workers coordinating door re-assembly doesn't
       | exactly instill a whole lot of confidence in their permit-to-work
       | process. I didn't like it when it was medical teams doing shift
       | handover via a Google Doc, and I don't like it when it's a matter
       | of flight safety either. Or, as Homer might eruditely say: "guess
       | I forgot to put the bolts back in" [1]
       | 
       | [1] (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IiNPLIauEig)
        
         | gowings97 wrote:
         | The data/photos should be in the ERP/MES.
        
         | ipython wrote:
         | This is a puzzling attitude to me. Every time we technologists
         | see a crappy proprietary solution being used for a problem, the
         | first exclamation is, "why not use <commodity solution X>?
         | That's so dumb, they spent $10k on that tool when they could
         | have spent $100 on X!"
         | 
         | There must be a middle ground here- the paradox is that Google,
         | Apple, etc have this ability to generate user friendly software
         | and hardware at scale. But they aren't considered "battle
         | proven". The expensive proprietary systems that are used
         | instead tend to be hard to use and brittle, so what's the
         | middle ground?
        
           | michael1999 wrote:
           | The issue here isn't using google chat, the accusation is
           | that this was Spirit and Boeing conspiring to not record
           | these in the proper work order system under the pretence that
           | this work was being done by Spirit as-if-it-were pre-
           | delivery.
           | 
           | Read https://www.airlinepilotforums.com/safety/146074-boeing-
           | inte...
           | 
           | And then this from the doc: "The investigation continues to
           | determine what manufacturing documents were used to authorize
           | the opening and closing of the left MED plug during the rivet
           | rework."
           | 
           | https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/24410269/report_dca24.
           | ..
        
         | imoverclocked wrote:
         | > The investigation continues to determine what manufacturing
         | documents were used to authorize the opening and closing of the
         | left MED plug during the rivet rework.
         | 
         | I mean, there is already a ton of documentation and process
         | surrounding the construction of an airplane. Adding more
         | process doesn't safety make. Having a safety culture without
         | the fear of retaliation, on the other hand, makes a world of
         | difference.
        
           | TillE wrote:
           | That line stood out to me, because it implies that no proper
           | "manufacturing document" was used for the work. If that's
           | true, that's very bad; unapproved maintenance procedures have
           | been the cause of multiple crashes.
        
       | spdustin wrote:
       | Also posted on DocumentCloud, since NTSB servers aren't
       | responding (as of this comment)
       | 
       | https://s3.documentcloud.org/documents/24410269/report_dca24...
        
       | guardiangod wrote:
       | >[evidences] indicate that the four bolts that prevent upward
       | movement of the MED plug were missing before the MED plug moved
       | upward off the stop pads.
       | 
       | Ok
       | 
       | >Photos from the interior repair that show the lack of bolts
       | 
       | Huh. Well that's conclusive.
        
       | nostromo wrote:
       | > Overall, the observed damage patterns and absence of contact
       | damage or deformation around holes associated with the vertical
       | movement arrestor bolts and upper guide track bolts in the upper
       | guide fittings, hinge fittings, and recovered aft lower hinge
       | guide fitting indicate that the four bolts that prevent upward
       | movement of the MED plug were missing before the MED plug moved
       | upward off the stop pads.
       | 
       | Ooofff. No bolts at all! How did this pass Boeing QA?
        
         | krona wrote:
         | > How did this pass Boeing QA?
         | 
         | https://www.airlinepilotforums.com/safety/146074-boeing-inte...
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | Just comment out the tests and they pass
        
             | belter wrote:
             | Instead of Software Development becoming more like
             | Aeronautical Engineering, every day, Aeronautical
             | Engineering becomes more like Software Development...
        
             | jiggawatts wrote:
             | I'm trying to convince a group of devs that catching (and
             | ignoring) every exception is not actually a solution to
             | their crash bugs.
        
               | jbverschoor wrote:
               | Ya know.. you can also just do that and then change the
               | requirements:
               | 
               | > In a revision to the Flight Crew Operations Manual,
               | issued on January 15, 2024, Boeing confirmed that the
               | door functioned as designed.
               | 
               | Problem solved for the current level in the hierarchy.
        
           | function_seven wrote:
           | Great link!
           | 
           | I like how that comment is from an anonymous source, but now
           | that the NTSB preliminary report is out, it seems thoroughly
           | corroborated to me. The dates of certain events and the
           | reason for the door's removal--er, "opening"--both match the
           | comment in your link.
           | 
           | Thanks.
        
           | koyote wrote:
           | So were the bolts missing because the Spirit team did not
           | know they had to be put back (i.e. it was not recorded as a
           | task that needed to be done) or was that simply just another
           | mistake in the long line of mistakes they've made?
           | 
           | Reading through that post gave me nightmares of dealing with
           | outsourcing software teams where you send them a small issue
           | to fix and their fix breaks 3 existing items.
        
             | fcsp wrote:
             | As things stand, it seems the anon insider report from 3
             | weeks back was legitimate and accurate, and holds answers
             | to your question:
             | https://leehamnews.com/2024/01/15/unplanned-removal-
             | installa...
        
         | __loam wrote:
         | MBAs prioritizing the bottom line over engineering culture.
        
       | newZWhoDis wrote:
       | Seems to solidly confirm the leak.
        
       | aftbit wrote:
       | > The accident airplane was required to be equipped with a CVR
       | that retained, at minimum, the last 2 hours of audio information,
       | including flight crew communications and other sounds inside the
       | cockpit.
       | 
       | >The CVR was downloaded successfully; however, it was determined
       | that the audio from the accident flight had been overwritten. The
       | CVR circuit breaker had not been manually deactivated after the
       | airplane landed following the accident in time to preserve the
       | accident flight recording.
       | 
       | Classic. If they use CD quality audio at 1411kbps, they can store
       | 2 hours of audio in about 1.2 GB. Given how cheap flash is these
       | days, why not 20x that so that we don't have to rely on people
       | pulling circuit breakers after accidents? If there's some concern
       | about robustness and recertification, why not require all
       | aircraft to carry two CVRs, one of the old "robust" style for
       | kinetic accidents, and one that's less robust but has 20x the
       | capacity, so we can record a full day after less violent
       | accidents?
        
         | cjbprime wrote:
         | The largest US pilots union opposes it on pilot privacy
         | grounds. (To be clear, I think having an expectation of vocal
         | privacy while you are in charge of an airliner is absurd.)
        
           | ekianjo wrote:
           | Yet people on HN love unions so that just can't be the real
           | problem
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | HN isn't a monolith, and it certainly has better
             | representation of anti-union sentiment (ie. they don't all
             | get downvoted to oblivion) compared to other discussion
             | forums (eg. reddit).
        
             | cjbprime wrote:
             | I (person who blamed the pilots union above) actually like
             | unions. I could probably even say good things about pilot
             | unions; I would say that part of the reason US airlines
             | have fewer accidents than some other wealthy countries is
             | the effect the unions have had on resisting attempts to
             | work pilots through dangerous levels of fatigue, and on
             | ensuring pilots can report dangerous situations and have
             | them comprehensively fixed without retaliation.
             | 
             | I don't have faith in "market forces" to do those things,
             | and consider the state of aviation in some other countries
             | to be a living experiment showing why.
             | 
             | The opposition to cockpit recording is bonkers, though.
        
           | CPLX wrote:
           | Do you have a voice recording of you doing your entire job,
           | every day of your life?
        
             | csdreamer7 wrote:
             | There are software engineer jobs where you need to keep
             | your camera on during work hours to show you are in your
             | seat.
        
               | andy81 wrote:
               | Yeah, but nobody applies for those.
        
               | zorpner wrote:
               | These jobs do not attract the best software engineers.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | They could with sufficient pay.
        
               | irrational wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure any place doing that is not going to
               | offer sufficient pay.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | The intersection between employers who demand to film you
               | being in a chair and employers who shower their employees
               | with substantial lucre is the null set.
        
               | Hamuko wrote:
               | I doubt the jobs where you don't enjoy any level of trust
               | are the ones where you get paid well or get any kind of
               | dignified treatment.
               | 
               | I recently saw a job ad for a JavaScript specialist where
               | the position entailed having screenshots and keyboard +
               | mouse tracking to monitor your working hours. It was a
               | freelancer position, so the hire would handle taxes and
               | health insurance, no equipment would be provided and
               | working hours would start at 08:00 German time sharp for
               | at least nine hours or until you "finish the daily
               | tasks". Pay would however be for 189 hours per month, no
               | compensation for sick leave/holidays/vacation, and you'd
               | be paid via upwork.com (with you paying Upwork's fees) in
               | US dollars.
        
             | breadwinner wrote:
             | If my job involved taking the lives of hundreds of humans
             | in my hands, then I would expect that, at least during the
             | hours in which said lives are my responsibility.
        
               | jiggawatts wrote:
               | IMHO surgical theatres should have permanent multi-
               | perspective cameras recording everything for the same
               | reason.
        
               | doikor wrote:
               | There you also have patient privacy to take into account.
        
               | hn8305823 wrote:
               | Only if the patient consents (or their family if they are
               | unable to give legal consent), otherwise no for patient
               | privacy.
        
             | bagels wrote:
             | Hundreds of people don't die when I screw up.
        
             | RandomBK wrote:
             | My job does not involve direct responsibility for the
             | immediate life-or-death of hundreds of lives.
        
             | kesslern wrote:
             | This is the reality for a large number of truck drivers who
             | bear a significantly lower responsibility.
        
             | WheatMillington wrote:
             | No but I also don't have the lives of 300 people in my
             | hands.
        
               | Hamuko wrote:
               | Pilots can have the lives of quite a lot more than that
               | on their hands since an airplane makes for a great
               | kinetic weapon. The pilots of KLM Flight 4805 took the
               | lives of almost 600 people.
        
             | UberFly wrote:
             | Many people do. Depends on the job.
        
             | ryanmcbride wrote:
             | I did when I worked retail, and while I worked food
             | service.
        
             | sterlind wrote:
             | No, but I'm also not driving hundreds of souls around near
             | mach 1 strapped to 100k gallons of jet fuel. And when I've
             | worked in government environments I had escorts watching my
             | screen like a hawk the entire time.
             | 
             | Not to mention the tapes are only pulled if there's an
             | incident. You could even have a little tamper seal on it to
             | show if it's been downloaded. This is absurd.
        
               | RankingMember wrote:
               | See also: police bodycams
               | 
               | If you have the capacity to end peoples' lives with an
               | arm spasm I think your privacy should rightfully take a
               | backseat.
        
               | wkipling wrote:
               | Absolutely not. Body cams mute the first part of the
               | audio for this exact reason. Privacy is important.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | The issue with police body cam audio is that they are
               | regularly recording non-police who _do_ have a right to
               | privacy. That 's not an issue for pilot cockpit
               | recordings. (If it is, you've got an incident that
               | _should_ be recorded.)
               | 
               | The muting you observe of police footage isn't of the
               | first part of the audio, it's the _prior_ 30 seconds from
               | _before_ the record button is pressed. They have a
               | constant buffer going, as things can happen...
               | unexpectedly.
               | 
               | This caught a cop in Baltimore; he wasn't aware of or had
               | forgotten the feature. The 30 second buffer caught him
               | planting drugs, then faking the finding.
               | https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-
               | way/2017/07/20/538279258...
               | 
               | Side note: It took years to charge him
               | (https://www.baltimoresun.com/2020/03/09/caught-
               | fabricating-e...) and he served no jail time for trying
               | to send an innocent person to jail
               | (https://www.wbaltv.com/article/officer-testifies-in-own-
               | defe...).
        
             | pants2 wrote:
             | Well, I do have a Git repo that tracks every meaningful
             | change and action that I've done at my job since inception.
        
           | imoverclocked wrote:
           | Well, there is the theory and then there is the reality.
           | 
           | Theory: having less privacy makes things easier for accident
           | investigators, post-mortem.
           | 
           | Reality: In this case, the pilots did their job and got the
           | plane down safely despite rapid depressurization and
           | literally having their headsets sucked off of their heads. It
           | is extremely unlikely to be pilot-error that a door-plug
           | ripped off the airframe at 16,000' or that investigators
           | would learn anything significant from the process in the
           | flight-deck before or after the incident. At least nothing
           | that would root-cause this incident.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | Your comment would only make sense if your example of
             | reality showed the theory was flawed. However, your example
             | of reality is unrelated to the theory, so not sure what
             | your point is.
        
             | crznp wrote:
             | That is a non-sequitur. Investigators should have access to
             | accident data regardless of whether the pilots did their
             | job.
             | 
             | Root cause analysis isn't the only reason: it would be good
             | for pilots to have this case study, as well as analysis on
             | how systems responded to the abrupt change.
             | 
             | Having this data is strictly better than not having it.
        
           | hencq wrote:
           | I think there's some validity to the privacy concerns, but it
           | seems those could be addressed with proper access controls
           | and rules. The recordings should only really be listened to
           | in the aftermath of an accident, in which case, as you say,
           | the expectation of privacy should (in my opinion) take a
           | backseat.
        
             | rantingdemon wrote:
             | Indeed. Pretty much all your communication is recorded at
             | any company you work for anyway.
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | My work does not have a recording of most of my verbal
               | communication in office, and it's a very secure site and
               | project.
        
             | zer00eyz wrote:
             | On one hand I agree with you.
             | 
             | On the other hand, if someone recored my whole work day
             | every day I would not be happy. I don't think you would
             | stay at your job of that was a condition of it.
             | 
             | There has to be a better solution to this issue.. extended
             | recordings in an emergency, triggers based on conditions,
             | private keys for pilots... IDFK, cause I try not to get
             | involved in engineering that might KILL someone.
        
               | cjbprime wrote:
               | I don't understand. Are you implying that recording a
               | pilot's voice for more than two hours could kill someone?
               | Or just that aviation is stressful and high stakes?
               | 
               | (I agree that it's stressful and high stakes, which is
               | why we record it.)
        
               | DiggyJohnson wrote:
               | Why not? Do you think other engineers are better suited
               | for such work?
               | 
               | I'm just curious, because I personally work on things
               | that could kill people directly or indirectly.
        
               | pests wrote:
               | > if someone recored my whole work day every day I would
               | not be happy
               | 
               | Maybe people live with this reality every day already.
               | Remote workers with screen sharing software, certs
               | installed so companies can spy on everything you do,
               | retail workers under cameras all day.
        
           | salad-tycoon wrote:
           | My wife ridicules me because when we went out to eat, before
           | a multitude of children , I would often say "nobody ever
           | tipped me as a meat clerk when I was working in 45 degrees
           | elbows deep throwing away and scraping rotting meat from the
           | shelves and gutters and then serving 'fresh shrimp ' and
           | organic grass fed filet mignon" when I felt expected to tip
           | 20% for an already over priced meal.
           | 
           | As my first boss, meat clerk young lady, told me "shit rolls
           | down hill." More powerful people tend to get shitted on less.
           | It was a motivation to move up.
           | 
           | But I still think it's shitting on people to expect or accept
           | constant recording of everything mundane thing while awaiting
           | the exceptional [screw up]. Pilots are more powerful than
           | Amazon warehouse workers but recording every breath, every
           | whisper, ever fart is undoubtedly shit in a warehouse or a
           | cockpit or an operating room.
           | 
           | Then again, the only way I could accept it is if everyone is
           | recorded all the time and it was all public or at least FOIA
           | able for many people. Especially the government and
           | universities and Wall Street other wise it's just a way to
           | control and hang things over peoples heads.
           | 
           | As to the tipping grumpiness I grew up partly in the 3rd
           | world where tipping 50 cents was a great tip and I'm cheap
           | and didn't/don't make tech bro money. I found the ultimate
           | solution was to just not eat out so much except for truly
           | special occasions. I'm sure there's a lesson in there too
           | somewhere.
        
           | zardo wrote:
           | Privacy from an NTSB accident investigation is absurd.
           | Privacy from your boss snooping you is reasonable.
        
           | SilasX wrote:
           | Reminds me of an exchange from Stranger Things (S4E3):
           | 
           | School counselor: Max, I'm... I'm sorry, I... I really can't
           | discuss this. You wouldn't want me talking to any other
           | students about _you_ , right?
           | 
           | Max: If I were dead and it would help catch the killer, then
           | yeah, I most definitely would.
           | 
           | https://subslikescript.com/series/Stranger_Things-4574334/se.
           | ..
        
         | dmitrygr wrote:
         | > Given how cheap flash is these days
         | 
         | How cheap is flash that will survive a sudden stop from 400mph
         | to 0 mph in no seconds flat, will survive a post-crash fire,
         | and/or submersion for years in salt water?
         | 
         | Flash data retention at high temps is TERRIBLE (and gets worse
         | for MLC/TLC/etc), see any flash datasheet. It is NOT nearly as
         | simple a problem as you might think.
         | 
         | Yes, it is a solvable problem, but please do not dismiss it so
         | outright as "trivial"
        
           | N19PEDL2 wrote:
           | Read it more carefully.
        
           | ammar2 wrote:
           | This isn't a technical limitation though, the European
           | standard for airplanes newer than 2021 is in fact 25 hours
           | [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://mentourpilot.com/who-doesnt-want-25-hour-cockpit-
           | voi...
        
           | margalabargala wrote:
           | I don't think the problem you're describing is actually a
           | problem.
           | 
           | Exposure to super-high temps occurs in a small set of
           | circumstances, all of which overlap with the destruction of
           | the recording device and the cessation of incoming data. So
           | we only need the same 1.2GB (or whatever) of high-
           | temperature-tolerant storage.
           | 
           | The 25 hour storage can be on normal flash, as if we're more
           | than 2 hours past the incident and data is continuing to come
           | in, then the incident of interest did not destroy the
           | airplane, and the flash will have remained within its normal
           | operating parameters.
        
             | dmitrygr wrote:
             | Multiple investigations in the past have recovered data
             | from FDR and/or CVR after an extensive high-temperature
             | fire. I do not think that FAA will give that requirement
             | up.
        
               | margalabargala wrote:
               | Yes. As I said. The existing system can remain in place,
               | with all of its existing high-temperature-tolerant
               | components.
               | 
               | In addition to not giving up that requirement, we could
               | also add a longer, not-heat-tolerant storage. If it gets
               | destroyed in a fire, see the above paragraph. If there is
               | an incident where the data is of interest and the
               | aircraft is not destroyed in a fire, then this will
               | maintain the data long after the above system has deleted
               | it.
               | 
               | No one has advocated giving up the high temperate
               | storage.
        
           | antisthenes wrote:
           | What you described is not a data retention problem at all.
           | 
           | It's a material science problem, and other forms of media are
           | affected by high temperatures and physical deformation just
           | as much as flash if not more.
        
         | bronco21016 wrote:
         | What's missing from this accident investigation without the
         | recording?
        
           | blantonl wrote:
           | ability to somehow claim pilot error. That's what.
        
         | sigwinch28 wrote:
         | The rule (edit: in Europe) is now 25 hours for aircraft over a
         | certain weight, though it is not (currently) retroactively
         | applied to existing equipment.
         | 
         | https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/12/04/2023-26...
        
           | cjbprime wrote:
           | That document is an in-progress proposal to amend a rule, no?
           | I think there was strong opposition to this rule before this
           | accident flight, and the blowback from the missing data here
           | might be strong enough to be able to get it passed anyway.
        
             | sigwinch28 wrote:
             | It is the rule in Europe, which is mentioned in (II)(C) in
             | the link. I failed to link it properly.
        
             | imoverclocked wrote:
             | > the blowback from the missing data here might be strong
             | enough to be able to get it passed anyway
             | 
             | Nice pun.
             | 
             | What do you think would have been gained from the CVR data
             | in this case? Do you think pilot error had anything to do
             | with the door-plug failure? Do you think the CVR was left
             | running on purpose/accident?
             | 
             | If I were one of those pilots, the first words out of my
             | mouth probably would have been, "what the $&#*?!" followed
             | by whatever procedure had been drilled into me for rapid-
             | depressurization. Given the scenario, I wouldn't lose any
             | sleep over forgetting to shutoff the CVR in the mess of
             | getting everyone to safety.
        
               | cjbprime wrote:
               | I'm not an accident investigator and don't know what
               | exactly would turn out to be useful, but I think changing
               | your intuition for why we study the CVR away from
               | "because there might have been a large pilot error" to
               | "so that we can learn more about how pilots react to
               | emergencies with a goal of seeing if we can come up with
               | process improvements" may help. If there _was_ some
               | aspect of the response that was not perfect, we could
               | develop training on it for other pilots, right?
        
               | imoverclocked wrote:
               | That's not what is at stake here though. CVRs are not
               | intended for improving process like a call-center
               | recorded line. "Both recorders are installed to help
               | reconstruct the events leading to an aircraft accident."
               | [ntsb.gov]
               | 
               | This creep of intended-use is exactly why many people
               | oppose surveillance in the first place.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >ACTION:
           | 
           | >Notice of proposed rulemaking (NPRM).
           | 
           | >[...]
           | 
           | >DATES:
           | 
           | >Send comments on or before February 2, 2024.
           | 
           | Seems like it's a proposal, and not actually enacted yet?
        
             | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
             | It was enacted in 2021 for some aircrafts. Not sure what
             | the change of that proposal is, might expand it to more.
        
       | jbverschoor wrote:
       | > In a revision to the Flight Crew Operations Manual, issued on
       | January 15, 2024, Boeing confirmed that the door functioned as
       | designed.
       | 
       | Smells like CISCO
        
       | aftbit wrote:
       | Depressurization happened around 17:12:33 PST but the aircraft
       | continued to climb until 17:13:41 PST, and the autopilot was
       | configured for 10k ft at 17:13:56 PST. Why did it take the pilots
       | a full minute to begin an emergency descent after the failure? I
       | would expect that the nature of the accident would be clear
       | nearly immediately, at least in the need to descend the aircraft.
        
         | throwworhtthrow wrote:
         | You can't leave your assigned altitude/trajectory without
         | coordinating with ATC. Otherwise you may collide with another
         | plane, which would make a bad situation worse.
        
           | mazugrin2 wrote:
           | Sure you can, and they likely did start descending before
           | contacting ATC. But before they did any of that, they had to
           | spend some time donning their oxygen masks and doing a few
           | other "memory items" before then descending.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | In this instance the report explicitly says:-
             | 
             |  _> Both flight crew said they immediately donned their
             | oxygen masks. They added that the flight deck door was
             | blown open and that it was very noisy and difficult to
             | communicate.
             | 
             | > The flight crew immediately contacted air traffic control
             | (ATC), declared an emergency, and requested a lower
             | altitude. The flight was assigned 10,000 ft. The captain
             | said he then requested the rapid decompression checklist,
             | and the FO executed the required checklist from the Quick
             | Reference Handbook (QRH). As the FO completed the
             | checklist, the captain flew the airplane as they
             | coordinated with ATC to return to the PDX airport. The
             | flight landed on runway 28L without further incident and
             | taxied to the gate._
             | 
             | So in this particular instance, when the depressurisation
             | happened at a comparatively low altitude, the pilots did
             | get ATC clearance before descending.
        
           | lisper wrote:
           | In an emergency you can do anything you think is necessary to
           | address it. Source: I'm a private pilot.
        
             | zer0x4d wrote:
             | You're conflating the right to do something with whether it
             | is advisable to do something.
             | 
             | Sure, you are ~allowed~ to begin an immediate descent in an
             | emergency, but it is not a good idea considering from the
             | pilot's perspective, the bang is most likely an engine
             | going out and altitude is always your friend in this
             | condition.
        
           | luizfzs wrote:
           | Also, running checklists for specific types of emergencies.
        
           | 16bytes wrote:
           | Aviate comes before navigate and communicate. The pilot in
           | charge is ultimately responsible for the safety of the
           | aircraft, not ATC.
        
         | bronco21016 wrote:
         | Step one is to put on the oxygen mask and establish
         | communications. After the startle factor, the masks being put
         | on, then declaring an emergency, a minute really isn't that
         | long.
        
         | sigwinch28 wrote:
         | More altitude means more time to work the problem.
        
         | blantonl wrote:
         | _I would expect that the nature of the accident would be clear
         | nearly immediately_
         | 
         | Not really. The cockpit door was blown open, and the pilot's
         | headsets were blown off. It was a pretty chaotic event, and
         | when you are flying an airplane, you definitely don't want to
         | figuratively "jerk the wheel" - you remain calm and start
         | running checklists.
        
         | rootusrootus wrote:
         | A minute is a long time when you're sitting at your computer.
         | But after the sudden depressurization, I imagine the pilot is
         | focused first on making sure he has complete control of the
         | airplane, assessing the situation, running checklists. Besides,
         | 10K is just barely above the normal pressurization altitude
         | anyway, it doesn't pose an immediate risk to the passengers
         | that justifies just nosediving towards the ground. Especially
         | given how much air traffic is at lower altitudes that close to
         | PDX.
         | 
         | Edit: Re-reading, it was more like 16K feet when it popped, 10K
         | is what ATC assigned them when requested. Still low enough not
         | to be a critical emergency. Some people absolutely will get
         | altitude sickness at that level, but it's likely to be mild.
         | Many people climb mountains much taller.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | First and most importantly the pilots have to get their own
           | oxygen masks on, if they delay this at all they will become
           | hypoxic, unable to think clearly, then pass out, and then
           | it's over for all on board.
        
         | bagels wrote:
         | Clearance + they were probably putting on their masks, and
         | other tasks.
        
         | engcoach wrote:
         | Fast hands in the cockpit are scary. Pilots take their time in
         | emergencies because rushing will take your birthday away
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | According to the plane's "memory items" [1] in response to a
         | cabin altitude warning or rapid depressurization, pilots must:
         | 
         | OXYGEN MASKS - DON
         | 
         | OXYGEN REGULATORS - Set to 100%
         | 
         | CREW COMMUNICATIONS - ESTABLISH
         | 
         | PRESSURIZATION MODE SELECTOR - MAN AC/MAN
         | 
         | OUTFLOW VALVE SWITCH - CLOSE
         | 
         | Hold in CLOSE until outflow Valve indicates fully closed
         | 
         | If Pressurization is Not Controllable
         | 
         | PASSENGER SIGNS - ON
         | 
         | PASSENGER OXYGEN SWITCH - ON
         | 
         | EMERGENCY DESCENT - ANNOUNCE
         | 
         | The pilot flying will advise the cabin crew, on PA system, of
         | impending rapid descent. The pilot monitoring will advise ATC
         | and obtain area altimeter setting.
         | 
         | PASSENGERS SIGN - ON
         | 
         | DESCENT - INITIATE
         | 
         | I do giggle a little at the thought of a door flying off, the
         | air rushing out of the cabin, and the pilots responding by
         | switching the seatbelt light on.
         | 
         | The plane was only at 16,000 feet when it lost its door and
         | according to [2] you've got 20-30 minutes of 'useful
         | consciousness' at such an altitude, even without your oxygen
         | mask on. So there was no need for an abrupt dive.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.theairlinepilots.com/forumarchive/b737/b737memor...
         | [2] https://skybrary.aero/articles/time-useful-consciousness
        
       | dzdt wrote:
       | The report seems to mesh with and confirm many details of the
       | anonymous insider account at
       | https://leehamnews.com/2024/01/15/unplanned-removal-installa....
       | The bolts were not reinstalled following work on the plug
       | rivets/seal. The official system doesn't record that work was
       | done requiring the bolts to be removed.
        
       | belltaco wrote:
       | >The CVR was downloaded successfully; however, it was determined
       | that the audio from the accident flight had been overwritten. The
       | CVR circuit breaker had not been manually deactivated after the
       | airplane landed following the accident in time to preserve the
       | accident flight recording
       | 
       | In addition to local storage, why isn't the audio(along with
       | location, altitude and some sensor information) also streamed
       | using something like Starlink or Inmarsat to a secure location
       | where you can store more data for cheaper and with more
       | redundancy?
        
         | sv123 wrote:
         | $$$
        
         | skywhopper wrote:
         | This is an old system that works well and reliably for pretty
         | much every incident. I'm not aware of another case of this sort
         | of thing (relevant flight recorder data being overwritten)
         | happening in recent years anyway. If you spend time constantly
         | upgrading systems like this you're asking for a higher failure
         | rate, for very little gain.
         | 
         | That said, there's a standard and reliable 25-hour flight voice
         | recorder that solves this problem. But it's only used outside
         | the US. That's a regulatory inertia situation and I suspect
         | this incident will speed changes in this area.
         | 
         | However, finally, and particularly in relation to your proposal
         | of streaming cockpit voice recordings to some cloud server.
         | There is some resistance to this (and to longer recordings in
         | general) from air crew on privacy grounds. The privacy issue is
         | less about how much personal info is revealed in a crash
         | situation and more about how easy it would be for a bad actor
         | in management --or whatever operations group runs the audio
         | storage--to listen in on conversations. And you can be sure
         | this would happen if something like your system were
         | implemented without the appropriate regulatory controls (and
         | tbh even with them it would probably still happen).
        
       | spdustin wrote:
       | Looks like the anonymous whistleblower on Airline Pilot Central
       | Forums [0] was legit.
       | 
       | [0]: https://www.airlinepilotforums.com/safety/146074-boeing-
       | inte...
        
       | gtmitchell wrote:
       | A very thorough preliminary report. I've worked for a long time
       | in quality systems, and this is a perfect example of a systemic
       | failure. They've got work being handed off between Boeing
       | employees and 3rd party contractors with insufficient controls in
       | place to verify that very basic tasks are being performed.
       | 
       | I'd be curious to know how many non-conformances they typically
       | see during assembly of a plane and whether management is actually
       | allowing the quality department sufficient independence to
       | investigate these issues and fully resolve them. I'm guessing
       | that the production personnel are under tremendous time
       | constraints and are constantly pressure the quality assurance
       | people to sign off on whatever paperwork is holding up the line,
       | no matter the safety implications.
       | 
       | Also, I think a lot of middle and upper level management needs to
       | lose their jobs over this. I hope this mess ends up in textbooks
       | and gets beaten into the head of every MBA student in the
       | country.
        
         | lp4vn wrote:
         | >I'd be curious to know [...] whether management is actually
         | allowing the quality department sufficient independence to
         | investigate these issues and fully resolve them
         | 
         | If management in the aerospace industry works like management
         | in the software industry, then I guess they are pushing for
         | results as agressively as possible without much concern about
         | safety or anything else.
        
           | cezart wrote:
           | At a company I worked in, we had a joke about this: "Good
           | thing we don't build nuclear reactors".
           | 
           | In some software projects the level of rush, and the fact
           | that bugs sometimes would leak into production was kinda
           | horrifying. It would've been way more so, if it would've been
           | the kind of project that could kill people in case of
           | failure. Like it happened in Chernobyl with nuclear reactors,
           | or at Boeing with planes.
           | 
           | I can't really imagine what these engineers feel when they
           | rush this kind of work knowing what's at stake.
        
         | shadowgovt wrote:
         | Rumor has it the controls are there, but subvert-able.
         | 
         | Apparently, there are two ticketing systems (one for "history
         | of plane," Boeing internal, and one for "day-to-day onsite
         | work," visible by contractors and Boeing management). The work
         | to fix the rivets was logged in the day-to-day, but management
         | and the onsite staff managed to convince themselves that merely
         | opening the plug to fix the vacuum-seal trim did not constitute
         | "removing" the plug, and since there was only an entry in the
         | history-of-plane log for removing, not opening, they didn't log
         | it there (when the intent was "there's no entry for 'just
         | opening' because there's no such thing as 'just opening',
         | _breaching the pressure vessel at all_ constitutes  'removal of
         | plug'").
         | 
         | The final inspection that should have caught the error would
         | have been triggered by the update in the history-of-plane
         | ticketing queue.
         | 
         | (And as for 'how many non-conformances,' the same source claims
         | that Spirit is one of the few subcontractors with on-site staff
         | at the factory because their parent company delivers such
         | consistently shoddy out-of-compliance product that they are
         | continuously doing final warrenty-work onsite. So maybe "fire
         | that vendor" should be on the docket too).
        
           | ethbr1 wrote:
           | You might want to cite your source on this, which I'm
           | guessing is the purported insider speaking about same?
        
         | onetimeuse92304 wrote:
         | > I'd be curious to know how many non-conformances they
         | typically see during assembly of a plane (...)
         | 
         | Very likely that number is meaningless. I suspect this is the
         | kind of environment that incentivises hiding non-conformances
         | whenever possible.
         | 
         | For example, better quality control usually results in an
         | _increase_ of number of defects, at least temporarily. But that
         | just because large portion of these defects were undetected
         | before.
         | 
         | So... you are looking at a number that you have nothing to
         | compare to that also depends on how closely the process is
         | monitored and also depends a lot on the definition of what is
         | non-conformance.
         | 
         | It is like trying to give an answer to "what is the length of
         | Britain's coastline?" Everybody knows that you can get whatever
         | answer you want depending on how long the ruler is.
        
       | ultimoo wrote:
       | I look forward to reading a report from NTSB's internet outage.
        
       | Hansenq wrote:
       | If people are looking for additional in-depth reading on how this
       | happened, The Air Current did a great write-up on this systemic
       | mistake using internal Boeing sources a month ago that the NTSB
       | report fully supports: https://theaircurrent.com/aviation-
       | safety/127-days-the-anato...
        
       | hn8305823 wrote:
       | I wonder how close the door plug was to hitting the tailplane or
       | vertical stabilizer/rudder?
        
         | reddit_clone wrote:
         | Considering all those scary scenarios, what happened was
         | probably the most favourable outcome. It could have been a
         | major disaster hundred different ways..
        
           | mikeyouse wrote:
           | It sure could have -- the plane was still climbing which puts
           | that plug door almost directly in line with the horizontal
           | stabilizers;
           | 
           | https://i.cbc.ca/1.7077373.1704733027!/fileImage/httpImage/g.
           | ..
        
       | WatchDog wrote:
       | > The flight crew reported that the cockpit door had opened
       | during the depressurization event. In a revision to the Flight
       | Crew Operations Manual, issued on January 15, 2024, Boeing
       | confirmed that the door functioned as designed.
       | 
       | Interesting for terrorists. Cause a rapid decompression, and get
       | easy access to the cockpit.
        
       | mihaaly wrote:
       | What is the analogy of leaving out all bolts from that door?
       | 
       | 'Forgetting' to put in any of the screws holding a gas tank in
       | place in a car?
       | 
       | 'Missing' all welds in one of a skyscraper's lower columns?
       | 
       | An 'oversight' of providing rendundant instruments in an airplane
       | with natural tendency to stall?
       | 
       | What a hopeless shitshow is going on there behind the company
       | gates that these kind of things can happen in succession?
       | 
       | A duck forgot how to swimm, an eagle forgot how to fly, Boieing
       | forgot how to build airplanes?
        
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