[HN Gopher] Autism, through the eyes of a computer (2019)
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       Autism, through the eyes of a computer (2019)
        
       Author : wjb3
       Score  : 31 points
       Date   : 2024-02-04 20:49 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.spectrumnews.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.spectrumnews.org)
        
       | wjb3 wrote:
       | By using machine learning on data from wearable biosensors,
       | researchers can predict imminent aggressive behavior in autistic
       | children and teenagers in psychiatric inpatient settings.
        
         | temp0826 wrote:
         | This is the most boring version of a Minority Report-esque
         | future I could have imagined.
        
           | alvarezbjm-hn wrote:
           | Rather cathastrophic.
           | 
           | "Some experts caution that these tools can never substitute
           | for the judgment clinicians hone through years of experience
           | -- but should instead augment it"...
           | 
           | Good luck with that. Tools can't have responsibility. (Bad
           | for customers, good for organizations)
           | 
           | Elaborating: What % of autist people kills someone out of
           | aggressive behavior? I am quite sure we don't know, because,
           | I suspect, it is low. Compare that to the general population.
           | 
           | The only reason they want to put tracking devices on autists
           | is because. unlike healthy people, autists can't fight back.
           | 
           | Once the technology is mature, you try to enforce it on (sell
           | it to) exconvicts, immigrants and jaywalkers.
        
             | mistermann wrote:
             | [delayed]
        
           | bitwize wrote:
           | More like Blade Runner, with the Voight-Kampf test and that.
        
         | WWLink wrote:
         | Ehh... I can tell you reasons why that won't always work.....
         | 
         | First off, sensitivity to stimuli. I see someone wearing a
         | wristband/watch in one of the pictures in the article. Some
         | autistic people are super sensitive to wearing things like
         | watches, necklaces, bracelets, anklets, headbands, etc. Oh
         | wait, sensor gear is almost always one of those things...
         | 
         | The other is that as much as people talk about repetitiveness
         | and rituals, I can tell you that sometimes there is no pattern!
         | My brother who is most strongly on the spectrum, is older than
         | I am... so I've known him my entire life. I have a pretty good
         | idea what he likes, doesn't like, and what stresses him. There
         | are still occasional days where he has a meltdown and I sit
         | there and go through my 'notes' and can't figure it out.
         | 
         | One time I was trying to recount this experience to his doctor
         | and she said it sounded like I was looking for signals in a
         | field of noise. She was right. Sometimes it's just too random
         | to really know.
         | 
         | I imagine it's easier if you have a willing subject who can
         | communicate with you why they got upset after the fact.
         | Unfortunately for my brother, "why" is a question he doesn't
         | like answering - and when he (rarely) does, the answers are
         | usually not very credible like "Why were you so angry?"
         | "because you haven't taken me out shopping on Saturday yet!"
         | (and it's Tuesday and we just went Saturday)
         | 
         | (The funnier part is he'll often ask me "why" I do things lol
         | :D)
         | 
         | Anyway, back to the article. I don't like it. Inpatient
         | psychiatric settings are already a scary sorta place. You get
         | locked in a building you might not be familiar with, might have
         | to wear different clothing (not usually but sometimes), be
         | exposed to different noises and scents and temperature... and
         | be around other people, also with other issues.. Being forced
         | to wear sensors sounds like it'd add to the awfulness. It's
         | also not a great environment to observe someone because they
         | might just "shut down" from their normal behavioral patterns.
         | AND IF THEY DON'T "SHUT DOWN" they might be encouraged to do so
         | by getting a strong dosage of medicine.
         | 
         | That's not fun. I get where they're coming from - psychiatrists
         | (that take insurance, especially state medicaid plans which
         | most patients would probably have) are usually overworked,
         | underpaid, and it's a stressful job where everyone's hoping for
         | an easy fix but it's not easy.
         | 
         | Still, I appreciate the sacrifice the patients in those
         | research projects are making, and the work the researchers are
         | putting in. Especially for adults on the spectrum. There are
         | vast vast amounts of resources expended on helping kids with
         | autism but the moment you turn 18 it's basically "good luck
         | lol"
        
           | o11c wrote:
           | > I can tell you that sometimes there is no pattern!
           | 
           | As an autist: you don't see the patterns that you've
           | disrupted. We don't talk about most of our problems.
           | 
           | Often it can be something like: "3 days ago, you forgot to
           | mention ahead of time that you were going to the store. As a
           | result, everything has been stressful and I responded badly
           | to things that normally would've been below the alarm
           | threshold."
           | 
           | Generally I find that 3 days is about how long oneshot
           | disruptions cause problems, though this is tapering. 1 day is
           | usually enough for my coping strategies to kick in and
           | mitigate the _worst_ at least. Of course, ongoing problems or
           | unrelated but coincident problems can stretch it longer.
        
             | WWLink wrote:
             | I think 3 days is a reasonable look-back period for
             | analyzing. I want my brothers (both are on the spectrum,
             | though one is affected more than the other) to be happy and
             | less stressed. Speaking selfishly, it... makes my life a
             | lot easier. Honestly when I have those "what happened?"
             | moments I can go back as far as a week or two sometimes
             | looking for small shifts.
             | 
             | One that really sucks for all parties is the unpredictable.
             | Something like, the doctor being late to their appointment
             | or our assistant we hire to help not being able to come
             | that day (or coming late)... Or THE WEATHER MESSING PLANS
             | UP. Especially the anticipation that weather might screw
             | the plans up. Plans that are "we've done this for the past
             | 26 saturdays so why can't we do it this saturday? Can't you
             | just make it not rain or something?" :D (I am exaggerating
             | for extra silliness)
             | 
             | Those are the worst x_X
        
         | crtified wrote:
         | Presumably, some combination of measurable signals (e.g. heart
         | rate, blood pressure, perspiration, certain movements, muscle
         | tenseness, ....) could do the same thing, regardless of whether
         | autism were present or not.
         | 
         | Patient cooperation may be a factor - or, " _those durned
         | prisoners keep taking their sensors off_ ". And then when we
         | take the next logical step - surgical implants - it does indeed
         | start to feel a tad Minority Reporty.
        
           | gamepsys wrote:
           | Just wait until optical sensors can collect enough data to
           | make the same predictions.
        
           | mistermann wrote:
           | [delayed]
        
       | toddmorey wrote:
       | There is related autism & self-regulation research out of Harvard
       | & Boston Children's[1] that uses video games & biofeedback
       | sensors in a very ingenious way:
       | 
       | The children participate in common games on a tablet where the
       | difficultly (and the stress of playing) slowly increases. Signs
       | of frustration / stress from the bio monitors like a rapid
       | heartbeat make clouds slowly start to cover the screen a bit like
       | a screensaver. That provides the children a visual clue to do
       | some self-soothing. Take deep breaths, your heart rate lowers,
       | the screen becomes clear again so you can keep playing.
       | 
       | The idea is to practice emotional regulation and emotional
       | awareness a few hours a day to build competency.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.mightier.com
        
       | 54543vjjj wrote:
       | Autism will end up being torn into independent diagnosis of
       | correlated traits. There's no underlying nexus between the list
       | of symptoms beyond statistical correlation.
       | 
       | High IQ? ADHD? Bipolar? Eye sensitivity? Loneliness? It seems
       | little is in common beyond correlations.
        
         | StopTheTechies wrote:
         | > There's no underlying nexus between the list of symptoms
         | beyond statistical correlation
         | 
         | Correlation is correlated with meaning, so what are you saying
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | This description is not even wrong. It's random
         | misunderstandings combined.
         | 
         | There's a list of autism symptoms used diagnostically. The list
         | above is nowhere even close. Neither High IQ is used as a
         | diagnostic of autism (and you can have autism and low IQ), nor
         | ADHD (hell, until recently it was the opposite: doctors used to
         | believe you can't have both ADHD and autism), nor bipolar
         | disorder (at best a comorbidity).
         | 
         | I'll give you "eye sensitivity" (sensory sensitivity), which is
         | one of the diagnostic symptoms.
         | 
         | As for loneliness, that is a second order effect under certain
         | social circumstances, not a psysiological result of autism.
         | Might as well consider bullying a symptom.
        
         | sureglymop wrote:
         | Often there is a diagnosis of autism _and_ of the comorbidities
         | you mentioned.
         | 
         | And there is not always only a correlation and not a causation.
         | People with autism, adhd etc. have a higher risk for depression
         | and social anxiety, often induced by the experience of living
         | with these conditions.
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Discussed (a bit) at the time:
       | 
       |  _Autism Through the Eyes of a Computer_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20876988 - Sept 2019 (6
       | comments)
        
       | gamepsys wrote:
       | I do like the attempt at aiding diagnosis with 'digital
       | phenotypes.' Currently, the number one input into getting a
       | mental health diagnosis is self reported (or
       | guardian/caretaker/teacher reported for minors) subjective
       | experiences. This generates a huge problem with screening or
       | diagnosing. The current state of the art for autism diagnosis
       | involves a panel of experts and multiple days of
       | testing/observation/interviews. We currently know there are
       | physical differences in the body and statistical differences in
       | behavior for autism. I don't think this watch is the answer --
       | but I do appreciate the recognition this article makes that
       | diagnosis is currently inefficient and inaccurate.
       | 
       | The diagnosis problem exists for other mental health conditions
       | too, but Autism is perhaps the worst example in the industry.
        
         | shutupnerd0000 wrote:
         | This is the exact problem with most mental health diagnoses -
         | patient answers a set of 10-30 questions, nurse practitioner
         | nods solemnly and writes prescription for controlled substance.
         | We are in the Stone Age with mental health.
        
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       (page generated 2024-02-04 23:00 UTC)