[HN Gopher] The new architecture wars
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       The new architecture wars
        
       Author : tintinnabula
       Score  : 51 points
       Date   : 2024-01-25 19:07 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (aeon.co)
 (TXT) w3m dump (aeon.co)
        
       | Duanemclemore wrote:
       | I haven't even read it yet, but Hatherley is, in my opinion, the
       | best architecture critic out there. Will report back with any
       | interesting observations.
        
         | alberth wrote:
         | https://owenhatherley.co.uk/journalism/
         | 
         | Here's more of what he's written, in case you're curious like
         | me.
        
           | Duanemclemore wrote:
           | Yeah, lots of high quality criticism out there. You don't
           | have to agree with what he's written to appreciate his
           | ability to ask more fundamentally critical questions of the
           | build world. He was first on my radar a LONG time ago (15+
           | years I think) through his blog, "Sit Down Man, You're a
           | Bloody Tragedy." and he doesn't even list his first book
           | Militant Modernism in his Aeon byline anymore. Which was an
           | awesome little look at UK brutalism.
        
       | jackcosgrove wrote:
       | What I lament most about architectural debates is that they focus
       | too much on individual buildings. The alienating part of the
       | built environment where I live, which is one of the better built
       | environments in the US, is the street layout. It's a grid, it's
       | repetitive, and it's car-centered.
       | 
       | We have already figured out how to build beautiful buildings in
       | any number of styles from many eras. That's because a building is
       | a discrete entity whose design is managed by one group of people,
       | who can form a relationship with an architect who pours their
       | heart and soul into the design.
       | 
       | A street network, on the other hand, is managed by successive
       | governments staffed by much more disinterested operators, and
       | often by different governments who may be working at cross
       | purposes. I'm not saying there should be a master plan (I
       | actually don't like those) but rather that the logistics of
       | designing a street network are much, much harder than for a
       | single building, however you go about it.
       | 
       | I also consider the harmonization of automobile and pedestrian
       | traffic to be an open problem. Maximalists on both sides just
       | talk past each other. Car-oriented development is bad, but at the
       | same time we aren't going back to a pre-car world.
       | 
       | Whether your model is Brasilia (modern) or Cayala (traditional),
       | there are just so few opportunities to actually think about the
       | design of the street network of a city. Street networks are just
       | taken as given and then architects try to make the best of them.
       | That's not a criticism of architects or city planners; the street
       | network design largely seems to be on autopilot with very few
       | opportunities for a change in direction. And for established
       | cities, changing the network is nearly impossible.
        
         | crabmusket wrote:
         | This is why I'm addicted to Christopher Alexander, who is
         | billed as an architect but wrote about the integration of
         | architecture, site planning, streets, town planning, etc. As
         | did Jane Jacobs. Both champion local decision-making, organic
         | growth of places, and emphasize the integration of places on
         | the street level.
        
           | Duanemclemore wrote:
           | I've just recently re-read the Alexander chapter in Molly
           | Steenson's book Architectural Intelligence. It's the most
           | cogent and useful short reading I've found of Alexander. Well
           | worth a look for the unfamiliar. Which you are not of course,
           | but this comment is to help other folks find a good onramp.
        
             | crabmusket wrote:
             | That book sounds really interesting, thanks for the
             | reference!
        
               | Duanemclemore wrote:
               | It's great - enjoy!
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Everywhere I've been in the US the grid was a sign of the old
         | part of town. Newer parts don't have a grid. Newer streets are
         | very crooked, dead end, otherwise do no go through - to keep
         | cars away. There is a nearby highways system, but even that
         | doesn't look much like a grid
        
           | Duanemclemore wrote:
           | Developing on this - not to keep -cars- away as they're
           | usually "suburbs" which would atrophy and collapse without
           | the private auto. But to - keep -anyone who doesn't know the
           | street layout- away. It's a method to make the locale less
           | hospitable to outsiders. This pattern is also due to the fact
           | that these individual subdivisions do not connect to a
           | distributed grid but to a tree-like branching of streets from
           | largest trunk (freeways) through to branches (thoroughfares)
           | to twigs (local streets) to leaves (individual properties).
           | The subdivisions themselves are the investment of a single
           | real estate development entity, and created without the
           | requirement to connect to the larger whole except in this
           | tree-mimicing organization.
        
             | throwup238 wrote:
             | This is especially obvious in Southern California where
             | they've been putting up "emergency access roads" that have
             | automated gates that respond to IR flashes from emergency
             | vehicles so commuters can't use the suburbs as through
             | streets but emergency services can still drive through in
             | case of fire or other emergency and pedestrians can walk
             | through. They're required for developments that want to
             | stay isolated.
             | 
             | One of those roads splits my neighborhood into two clear
             | halves with each half only access by one artery, so that
             | commuters don't go gunning through the neighborhood.
        
         | vlaxx wrote:
         | I hate to break it to you but, the city grid plan is ancient.
         | The Greeks and Romans used it, even the Pre-Columbian Americans
         | had it.
         | 
         | The system is great for directions and general movement of
         | people.
        
       | Log_out_ wrote:
       | Can't wait for 3d printed Instagram histories in stone look on
       | every surface. Ornament is wasteful, ornament is unwanted, but to
       | the ego the house is ornament.
        
       | resolutebat wrote:
       | This article seems to be squarely focused on trends for showcase
       | buildings like opera houses, which are highly visible but make up
       | only a tiny portion of a city's buildings. But all new
       | residential buildings I see are cookie cutter boxes, and all new
       | office buildings I see are vertically stretched-out greenhouses
       | with acres of glass.
        
         | crabmusket wrote:
         | The last three paragraphs, discussing co-operative apartments
         | like La Borda in Barcelona, were interesting. Shame the rest of
         | the article focused, as you say, on style over substance.
        
           | Duanemclemore wrote:
           | I also wish he had discussed alternatives like these more. My
           | takeaway is the argument - on which you're correct - that
           | people have knock-down-drag-out fights about visual style. I
           | would say that's not because it's as important but that it is
           | what jumps out when browsing the infinite catalog of images
           | that is the modern internet. And substance is what really
           | matters. I think you mentioned Alexander in another comment
           | and more of what he did is necessary - more systematic
           | considerations of not just what something looks like, but how
           | it works. And not just the single object or space, but
           | enmeshed in the network of relationships that extend far
           | beyond the formal.
           | 
           | Edited to add: Having read so much Hatherley over the years I
           | can almost guarantee that a name drop in the conclusion like
           | that means he's currently developing more scholarship /
           | criticism on the subject...
        
         | bunderbunder wrote:
         | All the old residential buildings in some of the nicer cities
         | I've visited are also cookie cutter boxes. Residential areas in
         | the older parts of Amsterdam are indeed beautiful and pleasant,
         | but, much like the another commenter suggested, I'm pretty sure
         | that's almost entirely due to the rest of the environment,
         | especially the transportation infrastructure. Sure, they're
         | nice well-built 300 year old buildings, but I think that, if
         | the city were more car-centric, nobody would spend as much time
         | outside, so nobody would be as motivated to take care of the
         | exteriors of their buildings. And then it would look a lot more
         | like the dingy dirty grimy pile of bricks that you see in
         | cities like Chicago that use similar (if newer) architecture
         | but haven't made the space between the buildings nearly as
         | hospitable to humans.
        
       | berbec wrote:
       | Was I the only one tricked, bamboozled and hoodwinked into
       | expecting an article about ARM64 vs x64?
        
         | jonhohle wrote:
         | I thought it might be about all the flavors of ARM and the
         | death of a "compatible" standard.
        
         | maxglute wrote:
         | As someone really into architecture and urban design, I feel
         | frequently bamboozled by HN articles with the word
         | architecture.
        
         | bad_username wrote:
         | I was sure it was about monoliths vs microservices.
        
         | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
         | I thought it was Einsturzende Neubauten announcing a world
         | tour!
        
       | Unfrozen0688 wrote:
       | Just do 1800s baroque fascades but more classical modern
       | internals
        
       | Unfrozen0688 wrote:
       | The Paris style aperment seems good
        
       | maxglute wrote:
       | Thesis:
       | 
       | >Traditionalist and modernist architecture are both mass-
       | produced, industrial and international. Is there an alternative?
       | 
       | Alternative:
       | 
       | >When the historian Frampton called for a 'Critical Regionalism',
       | a modern architecture sensitive to place and materials, he found
       | an example in the work of Alvaro Siza in Portugal.
       | 
       | Rebuttle: regional/vernacular designs almost always involves more
       | labour, which is expensive in advanced economies. Small
       | countries/markets can't rationalize engineering entire regional
       | specific building techniques and validate materials. Large
       | countries/markets have multiple climate zones. In the end mass
       | construction will fall back on value-engineered mass produced
       | industrial building components.
        
       | kelseyfrog wrote:
       | The framing of traditional vs modern was distasteful. That is,
       | until I went and looked at post-modern architecture, which has
       | even less to say than modern architecture.
       | 
       | Architects, we have to admit, are under-performing in the metric
       | of "creating new architectural styles and schools of thought" and
       | over-performing in "number of uninspiring designs."
       | 
       | I have to conclude that either there are systemic barriers in
       | getting out-of-distribution buildings built, or something about
       | the pedagogy of architects that filters or hammers out out-of-
       | distribution designs. Either way, we're suffering from a lack of
       | architectural imagination.
       | 
       | When I see neo-traditional examples[1], I can't help but be
       | jealous we, in NA, aren't teaming with our own. Instead we've got
       | architects churning out designs that fit squarely in confines of
       | The Ten Thousands Buildings of Oatmeal Problem[2]. Taken as a
       | whole, the parts and their interactions, are a system for
       | producing architectural oatmeal.
       | 
       | 1. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neo-Andean
       | 
       | 2. https://golancourses.net/2018_60212f/wp-
       | content/uploads/2018...
        
         | jasonwatkinspdx wrote:
         | So one framing for what's happening now is Parametricism, a
         | term coined by Patrik Schumacher and associated with the style
         | of his business partner and firm: Zaha Hadid.
         | 
         | The basic premise of parametricism is that with fully digital
         | design pipelines we have new ways of addressing the flaws in
         | modernism while avoiding the aimlessness of postmodernism. In
         | this view, architects are no longer designing surfaces or
         | volumes, but rather painting parameters which are then utilized
         | by algorithms and optimizers. This approach results in a style
         | that has both unity and variation, continuous differentiation
         | instead of the mechanistic repetition of modernism.
         | 
         | Here's one dry video and two kinda silly ones that introduce
         | the perspective:
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vIcGTBRoKlg
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cfg_7ihB0YU
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Il41AlOBlgk
        
           | kelseyfrog wrote:
           | It's _interesting_ that people are searching for the escape
           | hatch, and I appreciate the videos, but I don 't have much
           | hope in parametricism.
           | 
           | The reason I don't have much hope is that parametricism has
           | arrived, it just isn't evenly distributed yet. One of the key
           | ideas in the videos you mentioned was the digital tooling
           | that enables parametricism. I need to point out that the same
           | tools and ideas are already put to use in digital
           | asset/content creation. We've already experienced the
           | negative side of parametricism in digital content,
           | specifically games that employ procedural generation.
           | 
           | But shouldn't procedural[parametric] design of digital
           | content provide endless variety? The reality is more
           | complicated and this is where I have one reason to believe it
           | won't, and one reason to believe it will.
           | 
           | The reason parametric design won't provide endless variety is
           | the Ten Thousands Bowls of Oatmeal Problem I referenced
           | above. Just because each instantiation is different, variety
           | must be semantically meaningful. It doesn't matter that each
           | bowel of oatmeal has a unique combination of fruit, nuts,
           | honey, and spices. It's that at the end of the day they are
           | all just bowls of oatmeal. Real variety would be scrambled
           | eggs, crepes, or breakfast in bed. I don't have hope that
           | architects will be able to create salient variation ie:
           | perceptual uniqueness. Adding more variational parameters
           | doesn't guarantee any increase in perceptual uniqueness. In
           | fact, it's an open question[1] as to what does.
           | 
           | The reason I think parametric design could succeed is that
           | the equation for parametric architecture is different than
           | that of digital content. Manual curation, for example, is a
           | huge cost compared to procedural generation, but a negligible
           | cost compared to building a building. Curation may pose an
           | effective filter against perceptual sameness.
           | 
           | I'll likely remain a cynic until evidence that parametricism
           | indeed offers a way out of the doldrums of the last 80 years
           | of architecture.
           | 
           | 1.https://knivesandpaintbrushes.org/projects/why-oatmeal-is-
           | ch... (previous discussion:
           | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35735763)
        
       | scythe wrote:
       | I've come to believe that we're too abstract and afraid to say
       | what we really mean. There are a few things that could be changed
       | that would, IMHO, make a _big_ difference in the aesthetic
       | quality of new development without the need for  "style"
       | arguments.
       | 
       | - Roofs are flat. HVAC equipment is put on the roof. This allows
       | a maximum use of zoned floor area.
       | 
       | --> Solution: write a roof/attic allowance into zoning codes.
       | 
       | - Trees are too small. Developers want to avoid maintenance
       | difficulties with trees, so they plant dwarf varieties that don't
       | provide shade.
       | 
       | --> Solution: fund tree management as a public good. Offer
       | incentives for preserving existing trees.
       | 
       | - Buildings are surrounded by Stepfordesque hedges that look
       | unnatural. Green space is crammed into noodle-shaped setbacks
       | that are too narrow to support anything like a garden. Mulch is
       | everywhere.
       | 
       | --> Solution: replace setbacks wherever possible with access
       | easements and open space requrements.
       | 
       | I couldn't care less what the big famous buildings look like. I
       | don't spend much time near them anyway. That's a high-class
       | problem. No wonder it's a duel between the right and the yuppies.
       | 
       | As to why flat roofs are ugly? I'm not sure, but I'm guessing it
       | has to do with flat-topped things being uncommon in nature. It's
       | a structure made possible only by decently sophisticated
       | engineering, what with the stress on corners and the need for
       | drainage. It makes the occipital lobe think it's missing
       | something.
        
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