[HN Gopher] How AI is changing gymnastics judging
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       How AI is changing gymnastics judging
        
       Author : mjwhansen
       Score  : 101 points
       Date   : 2024-01-25 08:47 UTC (14 hours ago)
        
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 (TXT) w3m dump (www.technologyreview.com)
        
       | ungreased0675 wrote:
       | "Gymnastics is a subjective sport, like diving or dressage, where
       | factors like nationality, body type, the location of a judge's
       | chair, and vague concepts like "artistry" and "performance"
       | affect scores."
       | 
       | Even though it's a subjectively judged event, the scores somehow
       | have three decimal places!
        
         | mjwhansen wrote:
         | There's a 200+ page Code of Points[1] that determines how much
         | each skill is worth as well as each error. At the elite level,
         | there's a panel of 9 judges for each event, divided into judges
         | who tally the execution score and the difficulty score, and the
         | reference panel that effectively audits the execution score.[2]
         | The difficulty and execution scores are averaged. This is how
         | you can get three-decimal scores due to averaging. Here is an
         | example of a judge's score sheet.[2]
         | 
         | (Nevertheless, there are still issues with bias, where athletes
         | or teams who benefit from a particular judge's biases might
         | have their errors more gently scored. For example, on the bars,
         | gymnasts are required to hit a handstand position within a
         | 10-degree range of vertical. But a judge who is impacted by a
         | bias, or a certain viewing position, many not notice that a
         | particular handstand was at 15 degrees, and not deduct
         | accordingly. This is where the AI judging may be particularly
         | helpful.)
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.gymnastics.sport/publicdir/rules/files/en_2022-2...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IYjhFnaoF90&t=408s
         | 
         | [3] https://www.nbcolympics.com/news/gymnastics-101-scoring
        
           | Ferret7446 wrote:
           | This whole affair seems rather silly IMO. For all the
           | hullabaloo about AI killing art, I feel like this kind of
           | fine grained scoring does more damage to art than AI ever
           | will.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | AI _is_ a fine grained score-card.
        
         | RheingoldRiver wrote:
         | I am a little confused how anyone thinks AI will do better than
         | humans at not weighting the score based on those exact factors,
         | given what we've seen so far.
        
       | jpnc wrote:
       | >JSS is not currently used to make determinations about artistry,
       | and it still isn't considered ready to use on certain complex
       | routine components, like beam connections and dance elements on
       | floor; the tech just isn't there yet
       | 
       | So at what point does a sensor of some kind that does some
       | computation become 'AI'? Is this just marketing buzzword
       | bandwagoning?
        
         | mjwhansen wrote:
         | A more precise term might be "computer vision," which is indeed
         | a field of AI, but it is a less-known term even among a
         | reasonably technical laypeople (such as might be reading a
         | business publication like the MIT Tech Review).
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | > So at what point does a sensor of some kind that does some
         | computation become 'AI'?
         | 
         | By going backwards in time -- I'd guess sometime between 2010
         | and 1995.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AI_effect
        
           | Kim_Bruning wrote:
           | I sometimes joke that at some point humans cease to be
           | considered intelligent too.
        
       | world2vec wrote:
       | >(...) says FIG's Steve Butcher, who previously served as sport
       | director for the organization and is now the president of the
       | element-recognition working group for Fujitsu, the company that
       | developed the AI."
       | 
       | Oh boy, considering the Horizon debacle going on in the UK, I can
       | expect a similar story in Olympic gymnastics in the near
       | future...
        
       | vander_elst wrote:
       | Anyone aware of there are proposals to use computer vision for
       | judging the technical part and the judges for the artistic part?
       | On paper that should help fulfilling both schools of thought
        
       | t_mann wrote:
       | It's not just the _je ne sais quoi_ performance aspect that I 'd
       | be concerned about, it's something I'd call _Wii-Sports_
       | -ification: the first time you try out movement-controlled games
       | like they made the Wii console popular, you'll likely put a lot
       | of effort into the movements as if you were wielding a real
       | tennis racket or a golf club. After a while, you realize that the
       | motion sensor is much more coarse, and you do much more
       | efficient, bastardized versions of the original movements. While
       | I acknowledge that this system is supposed to be much more
       | sensitive, I'd expect a similar effect to be happening once
       | athletes get their hands on those machines in training: they'll
       | figure out how to best trigger the detection of each move, and
       | how much flexing of the toes, bending in the back and overall
       | effort is just enough for the machine, and it's going to change
       | the look and feel of the sport.
        
         | nottorp wrote:
         | To summarize, before they were doing stuff that a human judge
         | will notice.
         | 
         | After, they will do stuff that the "AI" will notice.
         | 
         | Goes for any physical sport that needs human judges instead of
         | something measurable, like running speed, for their
         | competitions.
         | 
         | Pretty sure if you do competitional martial arts you train a
         | subset of techniques that will be very visible and score you
         | points as well.
        
           | avery17 wrote:
           | Yeah but the judges are human and are typically different
           | humans at each event with different opinions and abilities to
           | notice subtlties. There is no one standard human judge to
           | abuse but with AI there is a single standard.
        
             | NeoTar wrote:
             | I wonder if having some intrinsic randomness to the AI
             | model would help to mitigate this problem? So that each AI
             | has a subtly different perception of the move, and in order
             | to satisfy every possible judge, the gymnast would need to
             | complete the move as comprehensively as possible.
        
               | badRNG wrote:
               | > I wonder if having some intrinsic randomness to the AI
               | model would help to mitigate this problem?
               | 
               | This would result in identical performances resulting in
               | different scores with the difference being artificially
               | arbitrary.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | Which for two identical performances - an impossibility -
               | would be an issue, but for two different performances
               | would still yield different scores.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | So just like human judges?
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | Sure, you can reduce all of humanity to a random number
               | generator, if you want
        
               | bumby wrote:
               | Maybe a slightly more generous take isn't that humans are
               | random, but their value systems have some sort of
               | distribution. I'm unfamiliar with gymnastics scoring, but
               | judges may have different perspectives on what matters
               | most if you take a sport like boxing that applies
               | subjective scoring. One judge may value footwork and the
               | jab more, while another weights power punches more, while
               | another is swayed by seeing a competitor who is bloodier
               | by the end of the fight despite having a more technically
               | proficient fight.
        
             | nottorp wrote:
             | The "AI" already hallucinates doesn't it?
        
             | t_mann wrote:
             | Exactly. Right now, the best an athlete can do is to just
             | give it their all, and I guess for a lot of people that
             | would be what gymnastics is about. The potential for
             | optimization with such machines is just on another level.
             | You can re-run others' routines to see how you'd have
             | scored, you can do thousands of reps to test the limits of
             | the algorithm, you can code ragdoll simulators to find
             | pockets of optimization,... Gymnasts will be discussing
             | software glitches, version differences, how to 'break the
             | algorithm'. Not even saying that's a bad thing, maybe it'll
             | do for gymnastics what AI did for chess, open it up to a
             | wider audience. Just saying that it could lead to a very
             | different gymnastics scene, that will maybe look a bit more
             | like eg the speed running communities for video games.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | It's not like chess. Chess has clear, simple, inhuman
               | rules. Gymnastics doesn't.
        
               | t_mann wrote:
               | Just an example of a sport that got quite reshaped by AI,
               | but not necessarily in a bad way. The differences between
               | the sports could hardly be greater, and the way they'd be
               | impacted by computers would also likely be quite
               | different.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Apparently Go has also been reshaped:
               | 
               |  _Humans have improved at Go since AIs became best in the
               | world_
               | 
               | https://www.newscientist.com/article/2364137-humans-have-
               | imp...
        
               | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
               | Would be cool to see that how well you are doing bar on
               | chess.com (on the left) continuously change during a
               | gymnastics routine.
        
               | sdwr wrote:
               | Gymnastics, Olympics, is meant to be a celebration of the
               | human body and spirit. The micro-optimizations ruin it,
               | because they break the alignment between casual
               | participants and the best.
               | 
               | Regular people exercising should be inspired and uplifted
               | by the elites, but it doesn't work when they're playing a
               | different game entirely at the top.
        
               | nottorp wrote:
               | So is chess tbh. Even excluding computer chess. You can
               | play it by ear at an amateur level, but if you want to
               | compete you have to memorize those openings. Which sucks
               | all the joy out of the game.
        
               | hiAndrewQuinn wrote:
               | Maybe everything has an amateur level that's just hard
               | enough to be challenging, but still easy enough to be
               | played primarily by ear.
               | 
               | Maybe that's most people's careers.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | Is it established that an AI judge would judge everyone the
             | same? That it would be impartial?
        
               | jagged-chisel wrote:
               | This is a concern I also have. Perhaps the AI
               | underfits/overfits and then an unusually-sized athlete
               | comes along and the AI judges very poorly.
        
               | Teleoflexuous wrote:
               | As usual, more proper (and entirely valid) concern is
               | whether it would be biased less/in ways we prefer
               | compared to humans.
        
             | Dalewyn wrote:
             | >There is no one standard human judge to abuse but with AI
             | there is a single standard.
             | 
             | Having one _and only one_ judging standard is a _good_
             | thing.
        
               | kuboble wrote:
               | Imagine we create an ai box and say that the box decides
               | the results. It has been trained to judge those gymnastic
               | acrobatics and is decision is final.
               | 
               | What will inevitably happen is a guy will come to the
               | competition with a weird pattern on his t-shirt and get a
               | perfect score without preforming any of the exercise.
        
           | mathgradthrow wrote:
           | The competitors also choose their judges, in aggregate. This
           | is a bad idea to change.
        
         | steveBK123 wrote:
         | Exactly, its basically a variation of Goodhart's Law - "when a
         | measure becomes a target, it ceases to be a good measure."
        
           | Nashooo wrote:
           | Not really. It depends on the quality of the measure and any
           | underlying assumptions. If the target is knowing who is the
           | fastest then a simple stopwatch (measure) is 100% aligned
           | with the target. So the measure becoming the target is
           | completely fine.
           | 
           | The problem comes when one (or multiple) measure(s) are an
           | approximation of some ideal measure for the target. For
           | example the famous example [1] of the measuring rat tails to
           | determine killed rats (target). The faulty assumption here
           | was that the only way to hand in a rat's tail is by killing
           | them.
           | 
           | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Hanoi_Rat_Massacre
        
             | je42 wrote:
             | Unfortunately not true. It is not a single metric.
             | 
             | we have extra rules on top: No doping, separation of
             | genders,...
        
             | IanCal wrote:
             | > Not really. It depends on the quality of the measure and
             | any underlying assumptions. If the target is knowing who is
             | the fastest then a simple stopwatch (measure) is 100%
             | aligned with the target. So the measure becoming the target
             | is completely fine.
             | 
             | I get your point but with this case the measure _is_ the
             | target, so at no point does the  "measurement become the
             | target", it's aligned from the start. But then again, this
             | is only true if your measure is of people performing the
             | task you actually care about. If you want to know the
             | fastest person and you measure over 100m you may end up
             | with Bolt, which is great if you need "the fastest over
             | 100m in a sprinting setup" but not if you need the fastest
             | over a full marathon.
             | 
             | In general, it's an extremely good first approximation -
             | many measures result in poor targets, and care needs to be
             | taken when turning a measure into a target. Even then it
             | usually becomes a worse measure.
             | 
             | > The faulty assumption here was that the only way to hand
             | in a rat's tail is by killing them.
             | 
             | More than that, it's an assumption that an increase in rat
             | tails equals a decrease in live rats. Even if you kill a
             | rat to get a rat tail, that doesn't necessarily hold true.
             | It rewards those that breed 5 rats, release 4 and hand in
             | the tail of 1. Killed rats would have still been a bad
             | target. The true target was _fewer live rats_. Dead rats
             | can be a reasonable measure, but as a target it has very
             | risky outcomes.
        
             | quench wrote:
             | >Not really. It depends on the quality of the measure and
             | any underlying assumptions. If the target is knowing who is
             | the fastest then a simple stopwatch (measure) is 100%
             | aligned with the target. So the measure becoming the target
             | is completely fine.
             | 
             | I am thinking of how runners all lean forward just before
             | the finish line. This must slow their overall speed but
             | gets a part of their body to the measurement datum slightly
             | quicker.
             | 
             | I admit its not a huge deviation between the measurement
             | and the target but still it is an attempt to affect the
             | measurement by means other than running fastest
        
             | rondini wrote:
             | I shouldn't be surprised given what website I'm on, but
             | it's crazy that people will litigate the finer points of
             | replacing human judgement of human arts rather than reject
             | the premise outright.
        
               | steveBK123 wrote:
               | Yes precisely. For reference my most AI/LLM pilled
               | friends are also Desktop Linux enthusiasts, for whatever
               | that's worth..
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | Why is this crazy? Should we toss the entire field of
               | science and go back to judging reality based on our
               | feeling and perceptions?
        
               | psunavy03 wrote:
               | Gymnastics is not a science. Judging "good" sports is
               | purely an aesthetic choice.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | There is a science to gymnastics. However the judging is
               | only minimally based on the science and mostly
               | subjective.
        
               | lupire wrote:
               | If something is wrong, there should be an articulable
               | reason Find it.
        
             | lupire wrote:
             | That gets you people doing weird tricks to game the
             | starting block and the finish line, which are artificial
             | distractions from "fast running".
        
             | saghm wrote:
             | Only accepting entire rat bodies wouldn't necessarily work
             | either; see the "cobra effect" that supposedly happened in
             | colonial India:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perverse_incentive
        
           | ta1243 wrote:
           | There's a target of 9.8 seconds (or whatever) for the 100m
           | sprint, there's a bunch of rules around things like
           | windspeed, but it's still a good measure to find the "fastest
           | man alive" despite being a target.
        
             | DRAGONERO wrote:
             | I think you mean "best shoe"
        
               | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
               | You could wear the best most advanced shoes, and I bet
               | you still couldn't beat Usain Bolt wearing $10 sneakers.
        
               | jcalx wrote:
               | Two years post-retirement, wearing sweatpants and
               | sneakers, he (albeit unofficially) tied the fastest
               | 40-yard dash time at the NFL Combine:
               | https://bleacherreport.com/articles/2818947-watch-usain-
               | bolt...
        
           | cedilla wrote:
           | Isn't the measure already the target?
        
           | kevinwang wrote:
           | Another suitable maxim here is "We shape our tools and then
           | our tools shape us"
        
         | stcredzero wrote:
         | _I 'd be concerned about, it's something I'd call Wii-Sports-
         | ification_
         | 
         | AI might be able to radically change sports like fencing and
         | HEMA. I could see the development of match judging AIs trained
         | by experts. Anyone who has fenced knows the frustration of the
         | fallibility of human judges.
         | 
         | It's also possible that AI judging could benefit martial arts,
         | bringing them closer to their practical roots, by counteracting
         | the rule-gaming competition rules. ("Sport-ification" of
         | martial arts.) Instead of allowing just any touch to count as a
         | point, only hits with enough body structure to allow damaging
         | force could be allowed.
         | 
         | Many HEMA competitions try to implement this, but expert
         | calibrated judging AIs would make this an order of magnitude
         | better.
        
           | o_nate wrote:
           | I was going to mention fencing. Thats a sport where there's a
           | massive amount of judgment required from refs which is fairly
           | opaque to non-specialists.
        
         | affinepplan wrote:
         | as a former gymnast, I'm going to say I find this concern super
         | unlikely
        
         | chongli wrote:
         | _they 'll figure out how to best trigger the detection of each
         | move, and how much flexing of the toes, bending in the back and
         | overall effort is just enough for the machine, and it's going
         | to change the look and feel of the sport._
         | 
         | I remember watching Olympic diving years ago and the
         | commentator was making a big deal out of the fact that the
         | divers were spreading their knees apart (apparently a flaw) but
         | that the judges weren't picking it up because their viewing
         | angle on the dives didn't allow them to see it. So the divers
         | were taking advantage of a literal blindspot in the human
         | judging to make their dives easier to perform.
         | 
         | So really, changing to AI judging is just going to change what
         | the competitors optimize for in an arbitrary way. It's not
         | going to fundamentally change things.
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | If anything, having computers do the judging with cameras
           | setup from all directions with human judges available to
           | override in particularly suspect rulings is _more fair_ to
           | everyone and everything involved: The players, the
           | spectators, the judges, and the game.
           | 
           | It will take away most of the fun(?) of arguing a judge's
           | ruling and gaming them, but I will fundamentally always
           | support making games fairer and objective'er.
        
             | ChatGTP wrote:
             | Right, we're heading to a world where everything is
             | "perfect".
        
             | mywittyname wrote:
             | > more fair to everyone and everything involved
             | 
             | I hope so. But I suspect a racial bias of some kind will be
             | uncovered.
        
         | beambot wrote:
         | At least with an AI-based system, it's presumably consistent
         | across performances & devices and can be used during training.
         | While not "objective" per se, it's certainly better than an
         | human judge that is none of these things.
        
           | dimitrios1 wrote:
           | The concept of judging has always included some form of bias.
           | There is no such thing as an impartial judge. AI won't change
           | this, it will just include a different set of biases. I'd
           | rather be judged by a human than a machine.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | >it will just include a different set of biases
             | 
             | One that many people who would admit the possibility in a
             | human judge will likely insist cannot be present.
        
           | pfisherman wrote:
           | > Consistent across performances and devices
           | 
           | LOL! I think the assumption that an ML system would be robust
           | across these contexts is not well founded. Things as
           | innocuous as the lighting, background, or placement of
           | athletic tape could easily wreck a model like this.
           | 
           | The thing about human judges is that the modes of failure are
           | pretty well known at this point; and human perception and
           | visual processing is pretty robust to perturbation.
        
         | josefresco wrote:
         | The people that play Wii sports are not the same people that
         | play professional sports. While I agree AI will be used to
         | optimize routines, I highly doubt it will digress to the "I can
         | play Wii tennis while laying down and only flicking my wrist"
         | level. Nor do I think the "AI" sensors being used are as crude
         | as a cheap, consumer focused Wii remote released over 15 years
         | ago.
        
           | rurp wrote:
           | > The people that play Wii sports are not the same people
           | that play professional sports.
           | 
           | Right, professional athletes will go to much greater lengths
           | to exploit a scoring sytem if they can get an edge from it.
           | The AI sensors might be much better than a Wii, but that
           | won't fix the core problem because they will be studied and
           | gamed much more diligently.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | I, for one, would quite like to see what sort of bizarre
             | adversarial flailing technically counts as a perfect
             | performance. If we can get one totally surreal Olympics out
             | of it, I'd call it a win.
        
               | mywittyname wrote:
               | Watch Olympic Sabre fencing. There's all kinds of wild
               | flailing that people do in that sport. All that really
               | counts is that the hit registers. So bunny hopping
               | towards your opponent flailing that sabre wildly is a
               | perfectly valid tactic.
        
       | divan wrote:
       | There is a deeper and largely overlooked problem with sports
       | judging, especially in the sports with artistic component (like
       | gymnastics or figure skating) - Goodhart's effects. Goodhart's
       | effect stands for "when the metric becomes a target it stops
       | being a good metric". As soon as you make measurement part of the
       | reward system, it changes the whole system.
       | 
       | Take figure skating as an example. Since 2006, ISU has introduced
       | a similar judging system - IJS - that uses points for elements
       | and an increasingly complex code of rules on how to assign those
       | points. Each element has a so-called "base value" and judges
       | determine GOE value in the range from -5 to +5 for each element.
       | The computer averages that and takes trimmed mean to produce the
       | final points for the element.
       | 
       | Those base values and points are logically assigned by the
       | complexity of elements. More complex elements cost more. Great
       | skaters can perform more complex elements. Sounds logical, right?
       | 
       | What has happened, though, is that using these points as a target
       | has changed the way how skaters train. Why spend time learning
       | "easy" elements that give little points? All time must be spent
       | now learning "complex" elements that give more points. In a way,
       | before, IJS skaters were chasing overall greatness; now, they
       | chase points.
       | 
       | "Skater's greatness" - whatever that means - is hard to define,
       | let alone measure. The ability to perform complex jumps was a
       | consequence of it, not a cause. Using points as a metric changes
       | the whole system of training, and a new generation of skaters can
       | perform insane quads (often because of pre-puberty body sizes,
       | though), but no one would call them great skaters.
       | 
       | I'm not even starting with how these points affected artistry.
       | "Program components" (PCS) that should measure artistry are
       | practically a joke now. You basically can multiply jump scores by
       | some constant and get PCS. [1] All skating programs look the same
       | now and are very predictable because of points maximization.
       | 
       | Back to AI. The rules for figure skating become more and more
       | complex each year in order to duct-tape the constantly emerging
       | issues. Many judges admit that complexity is so high that the
       | human brain can't even possibly apply them in real time and has
       | to resort to cognitive shortcuts. There are some early
       | flirtations with using AI for judging figure skating [2], but
       | nothing serious yet.
       | 
       | As outlined in the "Categorized Variants of Goodhart's Law" [3],
       | one of the major reasons of this effect in sports is not just the
       | fact that elements != greatness, but the fact that there is no
       | shared definition of what is a True Goal of this sport. What
       | exactly judging system try to measure? What would constitute the
       | best skater?
       | 
       | Where there is no explicitly stated True Goal, any proxy variable
       | used as metrics (like "ability to perform complex elements") will
       | be far from good and will be distorting the system even further.
       | 
       | Eventually, this boils down to the structure and decision-making
       | in the international federation that governs this sport.
       | 
       | And these things cannot be solved by AI. In a way, using AI is a
       | yak-shaving for ever-increasing rules of an inherently wrong
       | judging system.
       | 
       | [1]
       | http://libjournals.unca.edu/OJS/index.php/mas/article/view/2...
       | 
       | [2] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pq_mv1eyZyA
       | 
       | [3] https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.04585
        
         | aubanel wrote:
         | Thank you, great comment!
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | > In a way, before IJS skaters were chasing overall greatness,
         | now they chase points.
         | 
         | I've watched a figure skating routine recently for the first
         | time in almost 20 years (I think the last show that I had
         | followed was the 2006 Winter Olympics) and I was surprised to
         | see how technical it had all become, how routine, there's no
         | "artistry" left. It didn't use to be like this.
         | 
         | Similar thing happened with the NBA, now everyone chases the
         | 3-point shoots and in so doing whatever it is that had made the
         | NBA one of the best sports shows in the world is losing its
         | shine. In this day and age Jordan would be seen just as a
         | gimmicky player.
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | > I was surprised to see how technical it had all become, how
           | routine, there's no "artistry" left. It didn't use to be like
           | this.
           | 
           | That's happening to, like, all of life, across the world.
           | Beancounters have conquered the planet
        
           | bomewish wrote:
           | One 'solution' for this might be just to let viewers judge.
           | Have some kind of live voting system, and then this might
           | change skating incentives to align closer with the aesthetic
           | preferences of the actual audience.
        
             | divan wrote:
             | And then 3000 Japanese fans outvote everyone else :)
             | 
             | I'm looking into Eurovision judging as a curious example
             | (half votes come from public and half from judges) :)
        
             | Yizahi wrote:
             | People will buy sim cards or accounts and automate spam
             | voting.
        
             | Wowfunhappy wrote:
             | Viewers are not impartial. Viewer voting would mean the
             | winning team just becomes whoever has the most fans
             | watching.
        
             | probably_wrong wrote:
             | That strategy is not without flaws either: once you let the
             | public decide you create a system where the incentive is
             | not "who skates better?" but rather "who can play the
             | audience better?". The EuroVision Song Contest, for
             | instance, has a well-known issue where the public often
             | votes for/against a singer not because of their song but
             | rather because of geopolitics [1]. And that's before we
             | discuss organized voting rings.
             | 
             | A related but less clear point is whether it's fair for the
             | skater to be judged by people who have no idea about
             | skating. If my code were to be negatively judged because
             | (say) the person in charge judges the amount of comments
             | rather than their content, I would probably be unhappy
             | about that.
             | 
             | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest#P
             | oliti...
        
             | verisimi wrote:
             | Voting? That will never do!
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | The original article already mentions 'leotard bias' as the
             | problem that athletes from smaller countries face some
             | prejudice in judging compared to the ones representing a
             | superpower, and letting viewers judge would amplify that
             | problem much more - it wouldn't even be about what show/PR
             | the athlete puts on to the audience but highly influenced
             | by global politics and what their country's leadership
             | does.
        
           | kevinwang wrote:
           | > Similar thing happened with the NBA, now everyone chases
           | the 3-point shoots and in so doing whatever it is that had
           | made the NBA one of the best sports shows in the world is
           | losing its shine. In this day and age Jordan would be seen
           | just as a gimmicky player.
           | 
           | No part of this is true or even really makes sense.
        
             | paganel wrote:
             | A guy like Curry is definitely quite true. He wouldn't have
             | been a star back in the early '90s, a good player, maybe,
             | but never a star.
        
               | cyrialize wrote:
               | I am trying to see where you are coming from with this
               | comment.
               | 
               | Are you saying that Curry wouldn't have been a star due
               | to how they played in the 90s? Or are you saying that
               | Curry wouldn't have been a star because 90's players are
               | much better?
               | 
               | If it's the latter, I 100% disagree with this.
               | 
               | The 90's definitely did not focus on 3-point shooting
               | like there is today, but Curry has so much more going for
               | him aside from his 3-point shot.
               | 
               | I very much do not like the Warriors, and I'm quick to
               | call out that the whistle is in his favor during the
               | regular season (especially with moving screens) - but
               | even I can recognize his skill. Additionally, refs
               | enforce rules much more during the playoffs, and he's
               | still won rings.
               | 
               | Curry's off ball movement is phenomenal. Numerous players
               | have talked about how hard it is to guard Curry because
               | he has so much stamina. Additionally, he's in his 30s now
               | and has had some of his best seasons for his career.
               | 
               | If you're saying that the play style of the 90s would
               | have held him back - I agree with that. I like the NBAs
               | current style of fluid, "positionless" play over the 90s
               | more rigid adherence to roles. The current NBA of today
               | lets so many more players shine, especially dynamic bigs.
               | 
               | Kareem has talked about this as well when watching
               | Giannis play. I can't find the quote, so this is a
               | paraphrase - but he was remarking how back in his day if
               | you were tall you had to play center, and you were never
               | allowed to practice other skills.
               | 
               | Today's game, you have people like Jokic - a dynamic big
               | who can facilitate, defend, AND shoot 3s. I love to see
               | it.
        
             | cyrialize wrote:
             | I 100% agree. The dominance of 3-point shooting has
             | stretched the floor, causing offense to be much more
             | dynamic.
             | 
             | Jimmy Highroller [0], has a very good video on this where
             | he shows that 2-point shots have become much more valuable
             | now due to 3-pointers.
             | 
             | To be part of a starting 5 you typically have to have the
             | capability to shoot 3s - putting defenders in a difficult
             | spot. You could guard the floor to prevent a 2, but that
             | opens you up for a 3. Most people defend for a 3, so many
             | people now are going in for a 2.
             | 
             | I do think in the current NBA we took too much away from
             | defenders. Most of that could be fixed with refs enforcing
             | rules against foul baiting, allowing defenders to be more
             | physical, etc. Refs actually do this during the playoffs, I
             | think they should do it for the entire season. There are
             | some good rules changes I've seen as well, like 6 in the
             | key instead of 3. There's a good video from Rusty Buckets
             | that goes over this [1].
             | 
             | I don't want to get rid of the X second in the key rule,
             | because then teams would just have bigs sit in the paint. I
             | think that would make everyone focus on 3-pointers even
             | more.
             | 
             | [0]: https://www.youtube.com/@JxmyHighroller/videos [1]:
             | https://youtu.be/2E0kHY0vMQY?si=3EA3UqSGKdThF3bK
        
           | cyrialize wrote:
           | I mentioned this in other comments in the thread, but I agree
           | with you a tiny bit in regards to offense - this video goes
           | over it quite well by Rusty Buckets [0]. I also go over how
           | 3-point shots have made 2-point shots more valuable.
           | 
           | I very much disagree with your Jordan comment. I think MJ
           | could develop a 3-point shot. If anything, I think he could
           | have shined even more in this day and age .
           | 
           | Today's NBA is more dynamic and "positionless" than previous
           | rigid coaching, giving rise to players that would have
           | otherwise been forced to play a role. Jokic & MJ, Haliburton
           | & MJ, or even Sengun & MJ would be scary.
           | 
           | All amazing passers that could feed the ball to MJ, but also
           | put the offense in a bad spot. If you guard MJ, then Jokic,
           | Haliburton, Sengun, etc. could all shoot a 3 if left wide
           | open.
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2E0kHY0vMQY
        
         | vladms wrote:
         | Very nice explanation of situation, but I think we could go
         | even further.
         | 
         | You agree that "Skater's greatness - whatever that means - is
         | hard to define", but I would say that the problem is then the
         | idea of competition for this sport and not "how you judge" /
         | "how you measure".
         | 
         | There is no inherent need of competition for every sport in my
         | opinion. There can be prizes, juries, etc, but if people would
         | accept that in the end it is subjective might make it easier
         | than overly complex system to rate "fairly" something unclear
         | (doubt anybody would want to put rules on how you rate a film
         | for an Oscar - they just know it is "fuzzy").
        
           | divan wrote:
           | Absolutely. Competition is just an incentive structure for
           | athletes. Even the word "competition" stems from the Latin
           | words "com" and "petere" and means "strive with". Not "strive
           | against". Strive with. We just need other humans to challenge
           | us when we're don't feel challenged enough or intrinsic
           | motivation doesn't justify the time/effort being spent.
           | 
           | So, again, the goal of the competition is to incentivize
           | athletes to show their best. Accidentally, we need some way
           | of comparing results here, and that's where the judging
           | system comes into play. It has (or rather should have) a nice
           | bonus of giving feedback to the athletes on what to improve
           | upon.
           | 
           | Unfortunately, the majority of people in sports equate sports
           | with competitions. Even some definitions of sports contain
           | clauses like "...in a competitive fashion...". They strongly
           | believe that without competition, there is no sports
           | component.
           | 
           | Yet, every four years, the world rediscovers a unique
           | Norwegian sports policy for children. [1][2] They banned
           | competitions for kids till the age of 11 in the late 1970s.
           | You can have competitions, technically, but you are
           | prohibited from ranking kids and publishing results with
           | rankings. That, of course, is based on the studies of the
           | reasons behind drop-out from sports rates and the science of
           | motivation (self-determination theory, mainly). As a result,
           | Norway has 1st rank in medals in the Winter Olympics and 9th
           | in both summer and winter (they even won gold in beach
           | volleyball!) and the highest sports participation rates in
           | the world (9 out of 10 kids and 7 out of 10 adults, I
           | believe). Sports != competitions indeed.
           | 
           | Another example I like is Magnus Carlsen refusing to
           | participate in the Worlds Chess Championships for the 11th
           | time because it simply doesn't challenge him anymore. [3]
           | Again, competitions are not about "finding who's the best"
           | (that's a byproduct). It's about challenging to show an
           | athlete's best. In the case of Magnus it failed to achieve
           | this goal.
           | 
           | [1]
           | https://www.washingtonpost.com/kidspost/2022/03/03/norway-
           | is...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.theglobeandmail.com/sports/olympics/article-
           | norw...
           | 
           | [3] https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-11034789/Magnus-
           | Car...
        
             | DoughnutHole wrote:
             | Great point on competition in schools. The competitive
             | focus of sports in schools rewards those that are already
             | athletically gifted while shaming and discouraging the
             | mediocre.
             | 
             | That's great if the purpose of PE is to create elite
             | athletes. If the point is to encourage a healthier
             | population by instilling an appreciation for sport and
             | physical activity in kids it's an abject failure. Kids that
             | are already good at sports love PE, while less gifted kids
             | develop a disdain for sport and by adulthood have often
             | dropped all sports and exercise.
        
               | divan wrote:
               | Yes, and it's not just in schools.
               | 
               | Drawing from SDT (self-determination theory), one of the
               | main predictors for motivation is a psychological need
               | called 'competence' (perception of whether your actions
               | lead to the feeling of growth or accomplishment).
               | Different actions and situations can send either a
               | positive competence signal to a person (and increase
               | motivation) or a negative one (and decrease motivation).
               | These things are measurable.
               | 
               | The main issue with competitions is that they send
               | positive competence signal to one person (winner) and
               | negative to everyone else. Like you trained for months,
               | and now you've lost. This leads to increased dropout
               | rates in sports, which are especially pronounced in kids.
               | Norwegians asked the question - instead of spending money
               | and effort to try to engage people and kids in sports,
               | maybe we should ask a question, 'Why do they drop out in
               | the first place' and prevent those? Competitions came as
               | one of the strongest predictors of dropping out of
               | sports, hence the policy.
        
               | vladms wrote:
               | Depends on the competition format a bit. You can also
               | have rankings and while they are not ideal either,
               | probably it will not be as bad as "send positive
               | competence signal to one person (winner)". For example if
               | you do a single elimination tournament of course people
               | eliminated in first round will get bored and not
               | interested (you can't even make a proper ranking)
               | 
               | Focusing on winners only is a societal choice though. I
               | have met people (in countries were a lot of people like
               | doing sport) that were practicing a sport and joining
               | competitions for years even though they were not very
               | competent in that sport - because it was their hobby and
               | they just enjoyed being there.
        
               | divan wrote:
               | Yes, and we're talking about statistically measurable
               | things. There is plenty of room to experiment with
               | different reward systems in competitions. For example, in
               | Finland, there is an alternative figure skating judging
               | system for kids' competitions, and they have medals (1,2,
               | and 3 place), but everyone else is the rest. Thus they
               | send a positive competence signal to the winner and a
               | relatively weak negative competence signal to others
               | (i.e. no one is labeled "worst", plus everyone gets some
               | prize reward).
               | 
               | Tennis' Play&Stay program for kids under 10 years old is
               | also a good example - they use different tournament
               | structures, so no one feels like they lost.
        
               | somenameforme wrote:
               | This has not been my experience in sports, not even
               | remotely so. I was never once shamed for the sports I
               | sucked at. Quite the opposite my teammates were always
               | there to try to help me out and help me generally
               | improve, even when I was playing shamefully poorly. There
               | is a _huge_ amount of bonding in sports, team and
               | individuals, because you all go through the training
               | together, losses together, and of course also the wins.
               | School sports also have generally divisions: typically
               | varsity, junior varsity, and then intramural. There 's
               | something for everybody.
               | 
               | If anything, the hardest part about sports is that you
               | have to be the sort of person who can try their hardest,
               | compete, lose and then use that as motivation to further
               | improve yourself. Do you know how it feels to give
               | something your all, and then fail - all in front of
               | hundreds of people counting on you? And then come back
               | from that? It's not easy. Behind any champion you're
               | going to see a lot of pain and loss that they had to
               | overcome. It's not like you're born a champ and
               | everything is just easy. People of course are not equal,
               | but the struggle is something we all deal with, and
               | sports really helps with that.
        
               | divan wrote:
               | It's awesome that you have this experience.
               | 
               | So, to be clear, competition - with rewards, prizes, and
               | medals - is a form of extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic
               | motivation is often very powerful (gun at your head -
               | also an extrinsic motivator - will motivate you to do
               | what's asked). The problem, though, is that it's short-
               | lived.
               | 
               | So if you were a sports minister who tries to maximize
               | people's involvement in sports (at all ages), you would
               | prefer to have more intrinsic motivation to sports,
               | rather then extrinsic.
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I laughed out loud the first time I heard the band name
               | "Gym Class Heroes" because I instantly identified with
               | part of what you said in terms of some kids hating gym
               | class.
               | 
               | On the other hand, I think that there are kids who are
               | coordinated/sporty/physically talented and just as we
               | celebrate and nurture the academic talents of
               | academically talented kids, I think it's good to
               | celebrate and nurture the talents of physically talented
               | kids. Not everyone is going to excel at academics and if
               | we steer schools to only encourage excellence in certain
               | areas, I think we risk discouraging those who excel in
               | other areas from feeling good about themselves.
        
               | bigbluesax wrote:
               | I don't even think it's a good strategy for creating
               | elite athletes. Can we really determine someone's "elite
               | potential" by how good they are as a young kid? If one
               | kid has parents who took them skating a couple of times
               | and the other didn't, the first one is going to
               | absolutely destroy the second in a competition, but does
               | that really tell us anything about how they will perform,
               | 10 years down the line at the olympics? Yet we filter out
               | anyone who doesn't conform to this standard.
        
               | divan wrote:
               | True. Traditional (and still popular) beliefs that sports
               | talents can be identified early are questioned a lot
               | within the sports science community. [1] Canada has
               | implemented a scientifically-based LTD (Long-Term
               | Development) model of sports development [2], and while
               | it's based a bit on concepts of optimal windows of
               | trainability (like the age where flexibility is trained
               | best), it draws on the fact that everyone's journey in
               | sports is unique. This non-linearity is also a basis of a
               | modern coaching science known as the Constraint-Led
               | Approach (CLA) [3] - it's basically a non-linear pedagogy
               | applied to motor skill acquisition practices.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.20
               | 20.0066...
               | 
               | [2] https://sportforlife.ca/long-term-development/
               | 
               | [3] https://www.routledge.com/Routledge-Studies-in-
               | Constraints-B...
        
             | somenameforme wrote:
             | As a tangent on the Magnus thing, he didn't stop because it
             | doesn't challenge him anymore. His title defenses against
             | players of his generation have all, except his most recent,
             | been less than convincing. 2 of them he only won in
             | tiebreaks. In the most recent match, he was playing against
             | an opponent known for extreme psychological instability and
             | who had never competed in a world championship before. They
             | played 5 great draws, then his opponent lost one razor thin
             | (and extremely long) game and blew up. Basically, Magnus
             | is/was well on his way to losing his championship, and I
             | think he wanted to go out undefeated.
             | 
             | This is further emphasized by the fact that the one
             | opponent he was willing to play is a brand new player on
             | the scene who is absurdly insanely good at bullet (1
             | minute) chess, but has had _relatively_ mixed results in
             | classical (bear in mind he IS a top 10 player), is prone to
             | psychological issues, and is very young with 0 experience
             | at the world level. He somewhat predictably ended up
             | scoring 0.5 points away from last place in the candidates
             | event - and that is who Magnus wanted to  "challenge"
             | himself with, like a cat challenging himself with a
             | particularly fast mouse.
             | 
             | ---
             | 
             | Also, I was curious about the petere issue, as the Romans
             | in particular took their competition quite competitively.
             | Looking it up, it seems that it means many things such as
             | attack, assail, aim at, etc. [1] But it does not seem to
             | mean to strive, let alone with?
             | 
             | [1] - https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/peto#Latin
        
               | divan wrote:
               | Thank you for the insightful comment! Is there any good
               | read on the subject?
               | 
               | Re: petere, it's not about Romans, rather the original
               | meaning that provides insight into the pure form of
               | competition. There is a great book called "True
               | Competition" by David Shields that explores this topic
               | and tries to answer the question "How to make
               | competitions more healthy so they don't deteriorate into
               | something that destroys the original spirit of
               | competition".
               | 
               | It's also interesting that in English word "competition"
               | is also used for business, economics, biology, and
               | political sciences. In business, it's clear that
               | competition is a tool to incentivize market players to
               | pursue the highest quality of service at the lowest cost
               | ("show your best"). Again, in monopoly/monopsony, there
               | is no competition - we need other players for that - and
               | no incentive to "show your best".
        
           | Someone wrote:
           | > There is no inherent need of competition for every sport in
           | my opinion
           | 
           | I disagree. Competition is a defining property of 'sport'.
           | 
           | What's wrong with calling figure skating an art form? Nobody
           | calls ballet or violin playing sports [1], but there are
           | "prices, juries, etc" for them.
           | 
           | I would split various activities in a group where objective
           | measurements are more or less possible (they never fully are)
           | and one where they aren't.
           | 
           | The first would consist of:
           | 
           | - games, where your opponent has significant influence on
           | your behavior or performance (basketball, judo, billiards,
           | etc). Basically, if you can play defensively, it's a game.
           | 
           | - sports, where they don't (archery, skiing, all forms of
           | athletics; I would include the jumping events, even though
           | your opponent's performance may significantly affect your
           | strategy. Etc.)
           | 
           | The second would be 'arts'.
           | 
           | [1] if you look at the modern Olympics, painting and other
           | art forms were events at some time, but that, but even then,
           | did people call those sports?
        
             | vladms wrote:
             | > Competition is a defining property of 'sport'.
             | 
             | This requires a reference though. For example:
             | 
             | https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/sport
             | 
             | does not exclude non-competition based physical activities
             | from the definition of sport, to quote: "a game,
             | competition, or activity needing physical effort and skill
             | that is played or done according to rules, for enjoyment
             | and/or as a job: ". Definitions might differ from
             | dictionary to dictionary and language to language
             | 
             | Your definition of games assumes an opponent (ex: Rubik's
             | Cube would not fit), so I think it is not ideal.
             | 
             | Overall I think we could just stick to existing definitions
             | and just accept that some competitions are "subjective"
             | (ex: gymnastics, etc.)
        
           | eternauta3k wrote:
           | Formal sports like artistic gymnastics and figure skating are
           | doomed to degenerate into rigid attempts to maximize points.
           | That's why we have disciplines like freestyle skating, where
           | people can be creative. Unfortunately, there's less money in
           | that.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | I assume what you see when there really isn't competition
           | (aside from pleasing an audience such as professional figure
           | skating demonstrations) is more emphasis on artistry and
           | crowd-pleasing elements that look hard (OK they are) but are
           | easier than other elements that are much more difficult but
           | largely indistinguishable by the average viewer.
        
         | roelschroeven wrote:
         | I don't think this is necessarily a bad thing. Now that figure
         | skating has become more of a sport and less of an art
         | discipline, I like it a lot better. I never like the artistic
         | part of it; I feel there's a time and a place for artistic
         | endeavors, and a sports competition is neither. Honestly the
         | more artistic elements always appeared completely out of their
         | place to me, more distracting from the sport than adding to it.
         | 
         | Skaters being rewarded for performing as difficult elements, as
         | close to perfection as possible? I'm all for it!
         | 
         | Same for gymnastics.
        
           | divan wrote:
           | That's perfectly fine, except something more is happening
           | with figure skating. You see, rotating your body in the air
           | and using your body for locomotion on the ice are two very
           | different skills. What's happening now with figure skating is
           | that one skills completely overshadowed another (the one that
           | gives the word "skating" in the name of this sport). Modern
           | skating champions can't do figures anymore (skating figures
           | is what gives the word "figure" to this sport).
        
         | Balgair wrote:
         | Great to see a fellow lover of the sport here on HN.
         | 
         | In Figure Skating, HNers should also be aware of the issues
         | surrounding the current sport of figure skating:
         | 
         | 1) Women's Free Skate is the marquee event in the winter
         | Olympics. Not other event comes close in the ratings, and
         | therefore, the ad buys.
         | 
         | 2) Russia. Figure skating, and especially women's skating, is
         | completely jumbled up by the interference of Russia. To sum up
         | a very complex topic (poorly), women's figure skating currently
         | has a strange and deep relationship with Russia's ruling elite
         | and has had one for a few decades. That leads to _many_
         | scandals and a lot of bribing of officials. It 's still playing
         | out from the 2022 Olympics. The US team still has not gotten
         | their medals from the team event.
         | 
         | If you've not seen the end of the 2022 women's free skate, do
         | yourself a favor and watch it:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pgiuo4lHFt4 . The meltdowns
         | here are just so emblematic of everything that Russia is today
         | and the travesty of the Ukraine war. The drama leading into
         | this event and the drama coming out of it are much better than
         | any reality TV show.
         | 
         | 3) Declining interest. The laws of physics are not kind to
         | figure skaters. The push for quads is only leading to the push
         | for qunits and hexes. The effort required to advance the sport
         | is going to be larger than time allows for training. At which
         | point, probably sometime around the 2050 Olympics, the sport
         | will be 'solved'. Combine this with the explosion of new sports
         | full of frontiers to be broken, and figure skating will no
         | longer be the marquee event. Training so intensely for such
         | meager gains is going to be a hard sell to the boys and girls
         | that are to be the medal winners.
        
           | divan wrote:
           | Great comment, thank you.
           | 
           | I would just add that the russia thing is a direct
           | consequence of the judge's system change (where russian
           | officials are very much involved). The reason why russia was
           | dominating medal standings for women (and not for men or ice
           | dance), is precisely because russia could afford a stream of
           | pre-puberty girls who win a medal at the cost of their
           | physical and mental health.
           | 
           | Also, needless to say, the russian sport system is still a
           | direct copy of the soviet sport system, which was essentially
           | created by Stalin when USSR first decided to participate in
           | the Olympics in 1952 (guess, why USSR didn't care about the
           | international sport before WWII). The way how sport is
           | organized in russia goes against the sports autonomy
           | principle that is sacred in democratic countries and is
           | embodied in the Olympic Charter and European Sports Charter.
        
         | araes wrote:
         | There's also the issue that it was taking something that was
         | supposed to just be a fun recreation, applying a score
         | mechanic, applying competitive sport pressure, applying money
         | rewards for certain results, and destitution for others,
         | applying nationalism pressure, and then saying it needs to be
         | "artistic." Except now they're mostly trying to skate "correct"
         | for national glory and endorsements.
        
       | aurareturn wrote:
       | Where AI sports judging needs to happen fast is refereeing at the
       | NBA and NFL level. Referees ruin games. Fans are turned off and
       | always skeptical. If an AI can ref a game better, it'd be instant
       | success for the leagues - not to mention getting rid of the
       | unions who protect poorly performing referees.
       | 
       | MLB is weird because everything needed to ref a baseball game
       | does not need any advanced AI. MLB simply refuses to let robots
       | ref games.
        
         | smackay wrote:
         | Be careful what you ask for. FIFA's Video assistant referee was
         | supposed to banish controversial decisions in soccer matches
         | forever. Instead, they simply replaced one form of
         | controversial decisions with another.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Video_assistant_referee
        
           | dagw wrote:
           | The NBA and NFL already have their own versions of VAR, with
           | all the complaints and problems that the football version
           | has.
        
           | dist-epoch wrote:
           | If people make mistakes watching the event for tens of
           | seconds from multiple cameras with VAR, how could you trust
           | the same decision made without it in a split second.
        
             | walthamstow wrote:
             | Top soccer refs get >96% of decisions right. That's enough
             | for me. It's sport, it's not criminal justice or
             | healthcare.
             | 
             | I want the split second decision. It used to be that the
             | ball would go into the net, you'd glance over at the
             | linesman, see his flag down by his side, the ref indicates
             | for a goal, the fans lose their minds. It would all happen
             | in a second or two, now we have 4 minutes of video pedantry
             | following every goal.
             | 
             | This idea that soccer is a 'flowing' game with minimal
             | stoppages is very important to fans.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | _It would all happen in a second or two_
               | 
               | Ideally AI and goal line technology should solve this. If
               | the computer knows where the ball and all the players are
               | at all time, then checking if the ball crosses the line
               | or if anybody was offside leading up to the goal should
               | be instant.
        
               | walthamstow wrote:
               | There are a thousand and one subjective reasons why a
               | goal that was given by the on-pitch ref can and have
               | recently been disallowed after review by the video
               | pedants.
               | 
               | Even offside has subjectivity, something we only
               | discovered after we implemented video review. Could you
               | accurately tell which pixel of shirt sleeve is an
               | attacker's arm and which is shoulder? (Your arm can be
               | offside because you can't legally score with it, shoulder
               | vice versa)
               | 
               | We already have goal line technology for the ball
               | crossing the line, it's totally instant, the ref has a
               | device on his wrist which vibrates.
        
               | dagw wrote:
               | _Even offside has subjectivity_
               | 
               | It does today, but the whole point of the AI would be to
               | remove that subjectivity. Offside would be whatever the
               | AI said is offside. Not saying this would necessarily be
               | a good thing for the game, but it would remove the slow
               | video review process and let referees instantly call
               | goal/no goal.
        
           | erfgh wrote:
           | VAR is not an AI system, it's just the referee watching the
           | video replay. It could have been done 50+ years ago.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | Has to be better than this happening:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5QlBHF6ib8
        
         | walthamstow wrote:
         | The prevailing opinion amongst soccer fans now is that we
         | should go back to a single human referee on the pitch, not
         | double down on technology.
         | 
         | We tried it, it was shit, we lost the most important part of
         | the game for fans (celebrating goals, of which soccer has few),
         | let's go back.
        
           | Kon-Peki wrote:
           | The technology fails, too. Here's a great example in hockey
           | [1], where the match is over and the championship has been
           | won, but only the shooter and the goalie know it. Hockey has
           | a light and buzzer that go off if the sensors detect a goal,
           | and it missed the most important one of that year.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yy4UZbtxxkY
        
         | dagw wrote:
         | _it 'd be instant success for the leagues_
         | 
         | I'm sceptical. An AI that could view the whole playing field at
         | all time and instantly spot and call every rule infraction with
         | 100% accuracy would pretty much ruin any game. Knowing when to
         | ignore an insignificant rules infraction in favour of letting
         | the game flow is part of being a good ref. Plus, as a player,
         | trying to get away with some sneaky bullshit when the ref isn't
         | paying attention is part of the game.
        
           | aurareturn wrote:
           | Players will adjust or the NBA/NFL would change the rules to
           | better suit the capabilities of the AI.
        
         | michael1999 wrote:
         | The NBA would be a very different game if an AI called things
         | by the book. The first season would be _hilarious_. Some games
         | wouldn't go a minute without a call for travelling.
        
         | cyrialize wrote:
         | I disagree. Several rules are ambiguous, leaving the judgement
         | to the ref.
         | 
         | If anything, I think that refs need to be enforced more to call
         | games a particular way. The officiating that occurs during the
         | playoffs is much better, and IMO should be done that way during
         | the whole season rather than only the playoffs. Refs let
         | defenders be more physical, they call more rule violations,
         | etc.
         | 
         | I'd fear that an AI ref could possibly lead to even more fouls
         | being called, since a ref could miss things depending on where
         | they are in the floor. More fouls being called would just slow
         | down the game.
        
       | nhinck3 wrote:
       | I'd be more than a little worried that AI might start picking up
       | on the wrong signals (like uniform or skin colour) to assign
       | points.
        
       | penjelly wrote:
       | this is fine with me, but it shouldnt replace the existing panel,
       | instead augment the panelists with it. It could analyze the
       | rotations and timings much more closely and replay/study it at a
       | more technical level.
        
       | TimSchumann wrote:
       | https://archive.md/sJrYj
        
       | jerf wrote:
       | This is a specific issue of a general problem of AI/computer
       | judging, where humans think they're judging on specific criteria,
       | and write it into the computer, without ever taking a moment to
       | ask whether that's actually what they want.
       | 
       | I use speeding in vehicles a lot. The point of a 55MPH speed
       | limit isn't really that cars should be going exactly 55MPH at all
       | times. It's an approximation of a complex situation that could
       | handle only one number. But it's not actually a law of physics.
       | Rigidly handing out tickets for people doing 56MPH is missing the
       | point of speed limit. (As are many of the "You're doing X over"
       | flashing signs, generally put in places that are precisely _where
       | the speed limit is too low_ and what people are doing is actually
       | _fine_.)
       | 
       | Now that we finally have the technology to determine whether a
       | gymnast was or was not one millimeter over some line, the
       | question should be raised, is that what we _actually_ want to
       | judge on? Because just because we humans _thought_ we were
       | judging on that, just because we _thought_ that 's what we
       | wanted, is it _really_?
       | 
       | It is this examination step that has been missing in every rush
       | to insert computers into some judging system. We thoughtlessly
       | reify accidents of history and what used to be easy to judge. At
       | least in the case of gymnastics we're not going to send anyone to
       | jail because of such thoughtlessness, but the sport could be
       | destroyed. In the end, it still needs views, however abstracted
       | the sports may seem to be from that, and after the novelty wears
       | off, seeing humans out there competing for the most robotic and
       | soulless performances runs the risk of gradually, but steadily,
       | destroying all support for the sport.
       | 
       | Now, personally, I'm not sure this wouldn't be a net gain for
       | humanity in this particular place. But it's certainly not what
       | the gymastics community as a whole wants and they really need to
       | slow down and apply some thought to what they _really_ want
       | before they let someone reify that into code.
       | 
       | They won't. Nobody else is either, for things far more important
       | than this. But they _should_.
        
         | fabioz wrote:
         | Particularly, I'd say that it would be awesome and could save
         | sports which are graded based on such rules as the current
         | state of affairs is pretty appalling (I hate seeing
         | competitions which are graded based on subjective things and
         | judge biases, for me it's the opposite -- such biases make
         | seeing these sports maddening for me up to the point that I
         | prefer not watching at all as I'm 100% sure it's unfair from
         | the start).
        
         | DonsDiscountGas wrote:
         | I agree with your overall point, although there are reasons why
         | we use hard cutoffs like that: they are objective. If somebody
         | is traveling at 55 mph on a straight highway, on a clear warm
         | sunny day, they can be sure[0] they aren't breaking any laws.
         | 
         | Everybody recognizes it's not perfect; but in reality a cop
         | isn't going to a write a ticket for 56 in a 55 (unless they
         | have some ulterior motive). They might write a ticket for
         | dangerous driving at 45 if the conditions are bad enough.
         | There's still some human element, but we try to minimize it
         | because it creates an opportunity for corruption and inequality
         | in enforcement of laws.
         | 
         | In the case of sports the judging is supposed to have a human
         | element, but the judges are supposed to only care about the
         | performance and routine and not stuff like the nationality of
         | the gymnast.
         | 
         | Which is an unrealistic hope frankly. So pick your poison;
         | either we take subjective human judgement and accept it will
         | wanted and unwanted subjective elements, or we do this stuff
         | and remove subjectivity.
         | 
         | [0] There's always measurement error but that's a separate
         | issue.
        
       | maxglute wrote:
       | Computer vision determining if a ball touches the line, or which
       | body part crosses the line first seems fine. Judging artistic
       | merits not so much. If this like 3d capturing the entire routine
       | and analytically evaluating difficulting based on some
       | biomechanical formula them maybe. Otherwise I'd rather biased
       | judging be limited to people / geopolitics than whichever vendor
       | writes the code. Or artistic elements need to weigh down /
       | eliminated.
        
       | kbos87 wrote:
       | I feel like the obvious effect of this is that gymnastics becomes
       | all about testing against and optimizing for an algorithm. That
       | sounds sterile and lacking any of the romance (best word I can
       | think of) that goes into physical competition. Then I remind
       | myself that optimizing for the opinions of judges is the status
       | quo. Judges that are susceptible to wild bias in all sorts of
       | undetectable ways. This will change the sport for sure, but I
       | can't say that I think it will be all bad.
        
       | fnordpiglet wrote:
       | In discussing AI they lament bias. In discussing human judges
       | they laud the fact nationality and body shape and the judges seat
       | position plays a role. So, when a machine is biased it's a
       | problem but when nationalism, racism, etc is rooted in a human
       | judge it's a feature? Technology really shouldn't be written
       | about by journalism majors.
        
       | Kalanos wrote:
       | great! now the gymnasts won't have to sleep w the judges, and the
       | judges won't be subject to political pressure
        
       | ahaferburg wrote:
       | How accurate is this? There's a video embedded in the article.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CinAYBZYANg
       | 
       | To me it looks very shaky, e. g. at 0:20-0:25. It seems like
       | they're not using an underlying physical model that takes
       | momentum into account. Also it looks like the system is
       | interpreting the movement of the ponytail as head movement.
        
       | rasz wrote:
       | >It became official in 2017, when the FIG formally announced its
       | collaboration with Fujitsu
       | 
       | Does FIG have powers of prosecution like UK Postal Office? Asking
       | for a friend.
        
       | kouru225 wrote:
       | I honestly feel like what AI is really doing is just clarifying
       | what we're actually doing. This whole article reminds me of my
       | reaction when I first saw chatgpt write an essay.
       | 
       | I immediately recognized that this essay would've been accepted
       | by my teacher when I was a kid, and then remembered just how
       | useless I thought essays were back when I had to write them. It
       | feels like, with AI, I had proof that these essays were just
       | "busy work" rather than anything else. As a student, I was just
       | taking the prompt that my teacher gave me and expanding it into
       | an essay, and there was no information in the essay that wasn't
       | already in the prompt itself. Why is it useful to take something
       | that could be said in a single sentence and say it in 5 pages? I
       | wasn't encouraged to think about the book I was writing the essay
       | about because my thoughts were seen as secondary to doing the
       | technical work and simply copying the style and format of the
       | essay, but now, with AI, that part had been automated and all
       | that education was for nothing.
       | 
       | It seems like Gymnastics really is, at it's heart, a very
       | technical act. Your goal is to achieve perfect normal angles for
       | some reason. But as robots begin to dispel the haze around
       | technical work, we stop being so interested in technicality. You
       | can see it as an attack if you're really invested in that
       | technical stuff, but really you gotta ask yourself why you were
       | so interested in it in the first place.
        
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