[HN Gopher] The Enchippening
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       The Enchippening
        
       Author : apsec112
       Score  : 25 points
       Date   : 2024-01-23 23:02 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (sarahconstantin.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (sarahconstantin.substack.com)
        
       | paulsutter wrote:
       | Nonsense, manufacturing learning curves[1] were identified by
       | Theodore Wright in World War II airplane manufacturing, and apply
       | to many types of production:
       | 
       | > Wright found that every time total aircraft production doubled,
       | the required labor time for a new aircraft fell by 20%. This has
       | become known as "Wright's law". Studies in other industries have
       | yielded different percentage values (ranging from only a couple
       | of percent up to 30%), but in most cases, the value in each
       | industry was a constant percentage and did not vary at different
       | scales of operation. The learning curve model posits that for
       | each doubling of the total quantity of items produced, costs
       | decrease by a fixed proportion. Generally, the production of any
       | good or service shows the learning curve or experience curve
       | effect. Each time cumulative volume doubles, value-added costs
       | (including administration, marketing, distribution, and
       | manufacturing) fall by a constant percentage.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experience_curve_effects
        
         | scraptor wrote:
         | As I understand it the core thesis of this article is that any
         | object which can be manufactured using semiconductor processes
         | gets to _share_ the experience curve of semiconductor
         | manufacturing, which not only has has a unusually high cost
         | reduction per doubling compared to other industries but is also
         | already very cheap to begin with due to the large volume
         | already produced.
        
       | blamestross wrote:
       | I feel like a lot of people need to learn what a sigmoid curve
       | is, and how only some of it "feels exponential".
        
       | zwieback wrote:
       | The key takeaway _" Every tech that is improving exponentially in
       | the 21st century is explained by improvements in semiconductor
       | fabrication."_ seems hard to believe. What about Lithium
       | batteries? Same trend vastly different process.
        
         | g8oz wrote:
         | I don't believe lithium batteries are improving exponentially.
         | They certainly are improving though.
        
         | vajrabum wrote:
         | Looks like a good counter-example. According to this article
         | the decline in cost is due to materials and chemistry R&D, and
         | less economy of scale. https://news.mit.edu/2021/lithium-ion-
         | battery-cost-1122
        
           | toasterlovin wrote:
           | Part of economies of scale is that you can afford to do R&D
           | that only pays off when amortized over larger volumes.
        
       | dweekly wrote:
       | If the hypothesis holds even in part, deceleration of Moore's Law
       | could have drag effects on progress in many domains.
        
         | the8472 wrote:
         | Not necessarily. As it gets more difficult the next nodes and
         | alternative materials will depend even more on advanced
         | materials science and fabrication technology that'll also be
         | available to adjacent fields.
        
         | jgeada wrote:
         | The death of Moore's Law has been predicted for a couple of
         | decades. Sure, eventually we'll run into the limit, but I'd
         | need strong evidence for such a claim.
         | 
         | (and yes, some related semiconductor laws no longer scale.
         | Dennard scaling has been lost, etc)
        
       | m463 wrote:
       | I have another theory about moore's law - it gives the
       | (conservative, risk averse, non-techy) money people a roadmap to
       | growth in tech.
       | 
       | I think many people in business sort of stick to the status quo.
       | We just got where we got, and lets just rest a bit and turn the
       | crank. But if the roadmap says things will be 1.9x in 17 months,
       | the projects that get the greenlight will be different.
       | 
       | I don't think predictors like this are common or visible. A lot
       | of business is reactionary, to competition achieving something.
       | 
       | Additionally, it also helps with tech dependencies. Like "if I
       | plan for chips to be this fast in this many months, our project
       | can make these assumptions"
        
         | eichin wrote:
         | Didn't Sun Microsystems outright _do_ that back in the 90s?
         | Straight up declared that their roadmap was to treat Moore 's
         | Law as a plan, rather than a prediction?
        
       | alted wrote:
       | A disappointing fact of chip fabrication is the minimum bar is
       | high and expensive.
       | 
       | In other fields, a hobbyist can do wood/metalworking or learn
       | programming or build a robot kit. There's an onramp for people to
       | start learning the skills, which makes a huge ecosystem of
       | gradually improving talent.
       | 
       | But in microfabrication, even though it's the only way to make
       | chips, screens, cameras, inkjets, and LEDs, the minimum equipment
       | cost is millions of dollars. Even worse, it takes even
       | professionals months to fine-tune a manufacturing process to make
       | a new thing.
       | 
       | As a result, R&D is much lower than it could be, and most
       | fabrication is limited to circumstances with a high chance of
       | mass production payoff.
        
         | chx wrote:
         | Well...
         | 
         | You can learn a lot by programming FPGAs.
         | 
         | In theory, while I think you could build an SSI manufacturing
         | device at home if you really wanted to -- just how many people
         | build an internal combustion engine themselves to learn about
         | it?
        
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       (page generated 2024-01-24 23:00 UTC)