[HN Gopher] Right to Repair: The Price Is Not Right
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       Right to Repair: The Price Is Not Right
        
       Author : acqbu
       Score  : 66 points
       Date   : 2024-01-22 20:28 UTC (2 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (repair.eu)
 (TXT) w3m dump (repair.eu)
        
       | kazinator wrote:
       | > _But these requirements still ignore one of the biggest
       | problems: the price of spare parts._
       | 
       | No, that is short-sighted.
       | 
       | The price of spare parts is the symptom. The root cause is that
       | the part are highly specific to whatever they are going into, and
       | there is a single supplier for them.
       | 
       | For repairs to be easy, things have to be made with generic parts
       | that are available from multiple suppliers.
       | 
       | Not all parts have to be that way, just the ones likely to break,
       | or ones that are expected to require replacement by design.
       | 
       | You're not going to get decent prices for spare parts, if you're
       | vendor-locked, and there is no competition.
        
         | ikesau wrote:
         | yeah, this logic makes sense to me
         | 
         | i just have no idea how you begin to create a global system of
         | "generic parts" beyond screws and bolts in a world of
         | globalized supply chains, with specialized production in every
         | country.
         | 
         | but i also have no experience in manufacturing or repair. i'd
         | love to hear if there are any successful case studies on the
         | subject
        
           | jfim wrote:
           | There are definitely some products for which it would be
           | doable, for example Midea makes a lot of the microwave oven
           | models sold in the US.
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | > i just have no idea how you begin to create a global system
           | of "generic parts" beyond screws and bolts in a world of
           | globalized supply chains, with specialized production in
           | every country.
           | 
           | Older cars were.
           | 
           | Manufacturers never designed their own brake pads, they
           | picked a caliper design that closely fit an existing wheel.
           | 
           | Carburetors? Just fit one from a carburetor manufacturer
           | (weber, etc).
           | 
           | Steering racks, balljoints ... many fit multiple brands.
           | 
           | Alternators, radiators, various water tanks ... all from a
           | common parts manufacturer, then used in several brands.
           | Thermostats used to be a common design too.
           | 
           | Hell, they don't even do their own transmissions - just get a
           | ZF-whatever.
           | 
           | When Hyundai launched their gen-1 Elantra ~1990, it came with
           | a Mitsubishi engine.
           | 
           | Wheel bearings, CV joints - one design fit many different
           | brands.
           | 
           | The repairability of older cars was _amazing_ in retrospect.
           | 
           | Today it's different - you are unlikely to find brake pads
           | from a Ford that fits a Toyota.
           | 
           | The companies spent _extra_ money on design, to make that
           | internal part significantly different, then _extra_ money on
           | tooling to actually build it, just so that you cannot buy a
           | replacement unless its from them.
        
         | ErikRogneby wrote:
         | Exactly right! there are a whole lot of after-market part
         | suppliers for major appliances like dishwashers, laundry
         | washing machines etc. Some of them have a parts list and
         | assembly schematic hidden in the machine.
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | There are often third-party spare parts.
         | 
         | Some of the plastic parts on my decades old Cuisinart food
         | processor have started to go but the motor is still great. But
         | Cuisinart doesn't make the parts for what is almost a 50 year
         | old appliance at this point. I was able to buy 3rd party parts
         | for too much money but they don't fit quite right. I make do as
         | it's not something I use that often and can make it work.
        
         | cmiller1 wrote:
         | > things have to be made with generic parts
         | 
         | This seems tricky to legislate though. How do regulators decide
         | which parts are like this? How do you deal with "generic parts"
         | holding back innovation in cases where someone has invented an
         | improved version of that part but it's not available as a
         | generic part yet?
        
         | h0l0cube wrote:
         | Literally a whole section of TFA is devoted to this:
         | 
         | > Astute readers may have noticed one typical element missing
         | from the price setting factors listed above: competitiveness.
        
         | Rygian wrote:
         | The rule should be that the total cumulative cost of all the
         | spare parts for an appliance must be lower than 80% of the
         | price of the appliance brand new.
        
       | Dalewyn wrote:
       | If Right to Repair was about the Right to Save Money rather than
       | guaranteeing basic consumer rights, the advocates should have
       | specified as such.
       | 
       | I have no sympathy for misrepresented idealogies, let alone ones
       | driven by greed (in this case consumer greed). Y'all got your
       | Right to Repair guaranteed, nowhere did it stipulate that had to
       | be below <X> cost.
        
         | kayodelycaon wrote:
         | Yeah but I don't think it's reasonable for replacement parts to
         | cost nearly as much as a new device unless those parts do make
         | up a substantial of the manufacture cost.
         | 
         | Making repair more expensive than buying new defeats the
         | purpose of repair.
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | The purpose of repair is to reduce waste and guarantee a
           | consumer's right to do with his things as he pleases.
           | 
           | Saving some money by repairing is certainly nice, but that is
           | a side effect and not the primary objective.
        
             | kayodelycaon wrote:
             | I think my point was having the repair being more expensive
             | than new would defeat the goal of reducing waste.
        
           | trealira wrote:
           | It can also just be for preservation purposes. A lot of old
           | game consoles are dying, and so are CRT televisions (which
           | just aren't manufactured anymore). Enthusiasts would want
           | both of these to be repairable so that old games can be
           | played forever (but AFAIK, only CRTs are actually
           | repairable). The supply of both of them are shrinking, so
           | only repairability would help their longevity.
           | 
           | I guess that also ties into how long the guarantee of
           | repairability should last. Nothing lasts forever; at some
           | point, the parts to make the technology may stop being
           | manufactured and sold.
        
             | kayodelycaon wrote:
             | I guess I made the assumption that preservation wouldn't be
             | a viable use case given the parts may longer be available
             | shortly after a device stopped being manufactured.
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | Okay, so why not stipulate that parts need to be available at a
         | reasonable price?
        
           | Dalewyn wrote:
           | Do you mean reasonable as in _" Here is cost of manufacture,
           | our margin for selling this to you, plus any other costs
           | incurred."_ or _" We want cheap and we want it now!"_?
           | 
           | Personally, as someone who appreciates having the possibility
           | to repair something, I'm happy so long as I can buy first-
           | party parts at all. If I want or need to repair something,
           | the cost is ultimately irrelevant.
        
             | Buttons840 wrote:
             | The first. I can't see how the part would cost more than
             | the whole with the first regulations.
        
       | andrewla wrote:
       | Holy unintended side effects, Batman!
       | 
       | I have to say that I did not see this coming when I heard about
       | right-to-repair legislation.
       | 
       | It seems like there is one workaround for a reseller; I can just
       | buy Bosch washing machines new, and disassemble them for parts.
       | In the worst case, the most commonly failing part will cost as
       | much as one washing machine. Plus the cost of carrying inventory.
       | Or I guess you could try to do it on-demand, but you've still got
       | a bunch of motor-less washing machines in the shed out back.
        
         | jjbickerstaffe wrote:
         | For many products there seems to be a thriving ecosystem on
         | ebay of people taking genuine manufacturer parts, subdividing
         | them, and reselling the smaller individual parts for consumers
         | to use.
        
       | kayodelycaon wrote:
       | Part of the problem here is we don't know the margins of this
       | stuff. Just how badly are we being screwed? Probably pretty bad
       | but...
       | 
       | Manufacturing cost for a non-OEM part is not representative of
       | total cost to an OEM to provide quality-assured and warrantied
       | spares of said part to customers.
       | 
       | Some parts are stored as complete assemblies. A unique screw may
       | not be stocked as a separate item. It's possible replacing a
       | damaged or missing subassembly puts the whole thing out of
       | tolerances.
       | 
       | The majority of these arguments are probably complete bullshit.
       | Repairability is the cost of doing business.
       | 
       | This is going to be a pain to enforce. Hopefully enough companies
       | get painful penalties to deter the rest from playing this game.
        
         | roywashere wrote:
         | And as the article stated: it can differ from vendor to vendor.
         | I used to own an 8 year old Honda Civic and spare parts were
         | difficult to obtain and expensive. Later I owned a 30+ year old
         | Mercedes and parts were relatively cheap and easy to obtain and
         | shipped locally next business day. With electronics it sucks a
         | little that it seems for almost all brands everything is
         | expensive and difficult. It does not really help that many
         | electronics (such as the mentioned grass trimmers) are so
         | extremely cheap to begin with.
        
       | Dnguyen wrote:
       | I try to repair as much as I can because I don't want stuff end
       | up in the trash. If the parts are expensive, we need a way to
       | source the parts from the non-fully functional units out there.
       | From my experience, most people find the repair a daunting task
       | and won't even think about it.
        
       | MostlyStable wrote:
       | I know that relative to the size of the whole market, the number
       | of consumers interested enough in repairing their stuff to
       | consider it when purchasing is small, but does anyone know of any
       | places that actually include both ease of repair and availability
       | of parts in their review system?
       | 
       | iFixit it does it for a small subset of electronics, but I'd love
       | to be able to find the equivalent for things like power tools,
       | kitchen tools, appliances, etc.
       | 
       | Does Consumer Reports check this? I know they do reliability, but
       | do they include repair? I think I'd be willing to pay if there
       | was a reputable place I could check. Especially if it was
       | possible to see if there are particular brands that are generally
       | good about this (which might help decide in the case that a
       | specific product isn't yet assessed).
        
         | Affric wrote:
         | I found Dyson vacuum cleaners to be harder to get into than an
         | iPhone. Awful plastic that you need to be very careful with.
        
           | AshamedCaptain wrote:
           | Dyson is just the worst and probably what the author of this
           | article had in mind. A replacement AC adapter for the battery
           | charger is already 1/4 of the price of the entire vacuum
           | cleaner set (which includes vacuum, battery, charger, and AC
           | adapter).
        
         | trealira wrote:
         | The article mentions the the French _indice de reparabilite_ ,
         | but it's not perfect (and you need to speak French).
         | 
         | > For some products, the French _indice de reparabilite_ can
         | help you take this into account, in order to choose a washing
         | machine that scores 10 /10 for spare parts price instead of one
         | that scores 2,5/10, or a TV that scores 7,5/10 instead of one
         | that scores 0/10.(7) However, you cannot search for or filter
         | products by spare parts score on any website. You have to check
         | them one by one by reviewing the scoring grid, which may not
         | even be available online--although the seller is legally
         | required to provide it upon request.
         | 
         | This is the website: https://www.indicereparabilite.fr/
        
           | AshamedCaptain wrote:
           | Ah yes, the repair score. Where something practically
           | disposable like a Samsung foldable device (where you just
           | can't do anything without destroying the main screen) scores
           | a whopping 8/10 ( https://cdn.woopic.com/c10f167280f2414abb34
           | 6a5347e1ecd9/prod... ) , while something like the Fairphone
           | scores just one extra point at 9/10.
           | 
           | For comparison, iFixit gave the Fold a 2/10, and the
           | Fairphone a 10/10.
        
         | boatsie wrote:
         | I think the best way to find repairable and long lived products
         | is to buy commercial grade when possible or look at what gets
         | used by contractors. The types of things that get used in
         | commercial settings or pro use tend to be a lot more repairable
         | and durable than the consumer equivalents. Definitely more
         | expensive though.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | There are tools I use a lot like my cordless drill and the
           | main thing that goes is the battery which can be easily
           | replaced.
           | 
           | But there are a ton of tools I use once in a blue moon and
           | probably aren't worth spending a premium on.
        
       | psynister wrote:
       | I ran into this same thing recently. My dryer needed new
       | electronics, basically the same price as buying a new dryer. My
       | wife had strong opinions about JUST buying a new dryer so guess
       | who has a new washer AND dryer?
        
       | MostlyStable wrote:
       | My personal experience with this was with a blender. The mount
       | that held the motor went bad (turns out it was due to
       | _incredibly_ spindly supports that had broken. It probably saved
       | a few cents in material costs but resulted in the whole thing
       | failing years earlier than it probably should have), but luckily,
       | the mounting bracket was available, _and_ at an eminently
       | reasonable price. Unfortunately, during this process, the
       | mounting bracket holding the control board in place also broke
       | (they did _not_ use very high quality plastic), and unfortunately
       | that piece was only sold as an assembly with the entire control
       | board which was priced basically identically to the whole
       | blender. It 's currently sitting in a cupboard waiting for me to
       | get the energy to get a 3d printed replacement, since I am having
       | trouble throwing away what is otherwise a perfectly serviceable
       | blender except for 1 small broken piece of plastic.
       | 
       | Unfortunately, this particular problem is not one that I think
       | can be legislated away (or at least not without the legistlation
       | causing more problems than it fixes). The only way it gets fixed
       | is if consumers start to care and start basing their purchases at
       | least partially on repairability (including price). And that kind
       | of culture shift is hard.
        
         | lotsofpulp wrote:
         | > The only way it gets fixed is if consumers start to care and
         | start basing their purchases at least partially on
         | repairability (including price). And that kind of culture shift
         | is hard.
         | 
         | It is not technically hard. Just hit new goods with a
         | sufficient tax such that buyers have no choice but to start
         | caring about longevity and repairability.
         | 
         | Of course, it is practically impossible since people like being
         | able to buy more stuff.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pigouvian_tax
           | 
           | The political problems section is what to read, in general,
           | no one is going to vote this on themselves.
        
             | n2d4 wrote:
             | Right to repair wouldn't be a pigouvian tax. There are no
             | negative externalities to selling a product that is
             | unrepairable -- no one but the buyer gets (seriously)
             | harmed by it -- it's just that people buy products before
             | sufficiently informing themselves about what to do when
             | they break.
        
           | piskov wrote:
           | > Just hit new goods with a sufficient tax
           | 
           | Inflation has your back :-)
        
         | oliwarner wrote:
         | Would STLs for parts fix this? We could legislate that buying a
         | product gets you personal access to design files for the
         | purpose of repair or enhancement.
         | 
         | Having full service sheets for electronics, and physical design
         | files would make all but the most compact electronics user-
         | serviceable, at no direct cost to manufacturers.
        
           | Buttons840 wrote:
           | Also, IP laws should only apply when they are of benefit to
           | society as a whole. So if you have a patent on a part you no
           | longer produce, well, that doesn't benefit society so your
           | patent is done.
        
       | mytailorisrich wrote:
       | This was expected and foreseen.
       | 
       | Devices and appliances are manufactured with huge economies of
       | scale and are, all in all, cheap.
       | 
       | Spare parts are going to cost and, especially, professional
       | labour is going to cost. It's never going to make much financial
       | sense to repair cheap-ish devices.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Yep, typically all the parts are made in bulk as in...
         | 
         | Company: Build me 1 million washing machines. Of course this is
         | 1 million barrels, controller boards, frames, etc.
         | 
         | The people building the parts are going to build in a little
         | bit of overrun to deal with warranty and factory damage, but
         | there simply isn't enough extra stock laying around to keep
         | them running for decades.
        
       | boatsie wrote:
       | Another issue with this is that the part that fails often is
       | poorly designed or not durable in the first place. So you spend
       | money and time to replace it and then it will just fail again.
       | Zero incentive to improve the part by the manufacturer. I think
       | the solution is requiring manufacturers to sell warranties that
       | cover full labor and materials or replacement. Then at least you
       | could see if a manufacturer selling something cheaply has a very
       | high "full warranty" price, it's likely because it has a high
       | failure rate. This would be the only way to incentivize fewer
       | failures and repairs.
        
         | Rygian wrote:
         | 2-year seller warranty is already a legal obligation in the EU.
        
       | sparker72678 wrote:
       | Just about every proposed regulation in this article would
       | dramatically increase the selling price of nearly all goods, and
       | dramatically hinder new entrants from selling new products by
       | increasing the burden to get started.
       | 
       | If that's the set of tradeoffs you want to make, ok, fine. But be
       | up-front about it.
       | 
       | Consumer goods, by and large, are not markets with massive profit
       | margins. They're markets of incredible scale with slim margins
       | that generate large revenue as a result. You're not going to get
       | better, more repairable products out of this. You're going to get
       | fewer, more expensive products.
        
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