[HN Gopher] What's that touchscreen in my room?
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       What's that touchscreen in my room?
        
       Author : todsacerdoti
       Score  : 1644 points
       Date   : 2024-01-20 00:17 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (laplab.me)
 (TXT) w3m dump (laplab.me)
        
       | asylteltine wrote:
       | Small bit about that Wi-Fi remark. Yes in your case it's close to
       | the server but Wi-Fi lets you mount the touchscreen anywhere. Wi-
       | Fi completely makes sense here.
        
         | Retr0id wrote:
         | The equivalent energy monitoring device in my flat uses an RF
         | link (no idea what kind, I haven't investigated further) to
         | talk to its base station. Wireless seems fine, but WiFi itself
         | seems like overkill.
        
         | archi42 wrote:
         | Absolutely. Try retrofitting this into a multi unit home and
         | "just run a digital data cable up there". With some bad luck,
         | this can easily cost as much as the whole unit.
         | 
         | I don't like getting everything on WiFi, too. OTOH I have ~30
         | devices on an VLAN isolated IoT WiFi network. This easily saved
         | us a 4 digit expense and a lot of time(!) as opposed to
         | installing new additional wire (redoing all the old ones was
         | bad enough). Plus, I can do dumb stuff like control my office's
         | window blinds individually, which is nice when only one of them
         | has the sun blinding me while using the PC (temporary desk
         | location due to ongoing renovations).
        
       | crummy wrote:
       | Did you take notes along the way? Usually when I am "exploring" a
       | problem like that it's hard to reproduce my steps later.
        
         | laplab wrote:
         | Yes! I started taking some notes when I was halfway through,
         | that helped a lot with the thought reconstruction. There is no
         | chance I would find these TCF links organically again
        
         | qingcharles wrote:
         | Ah, it's not just me that does this. I also start taking notes
         | from the beginning now, otherwise when I go back to write it up
         | for others I sometimes can't even replicate the starting
         | conditions.
        
         | incanus77 wrote:
         | For me, a particular browser window's (many) open tabs are
         | usually a pretty good record.
        
       | josu wrote:
       | >DATE & TIME ARE ALWAYS CORRECT AND NEVER NEED TO BE ADJUSTED
       | 
       | Reads like a quote from a Philip K. Dick book.
        
         | Ayesh wrote:
         | My guess was that it probably had a time correction feature
         | from those British radio tower integration, but this device is
         | from 2015 (says in the article), so probably not.
        
           | Aaron2222 wrote:
           | Maybe they originally intended for them to be internet
           | connected? That would also explain the MQTT.
        
             | Ayesh wrote:
             | Yeah I think it makes more sense like you said. It has the
             | Wifi stuff there already too.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Could prolly take it out of access point and attach it to
               | your network (or one you segregated from your actual
               | network). Set up nat, dyndns, wireshark and see what
               | happens.
        
           | qsantos wrote:
           | From the Mastodon thread:
           | 
           | > Turns out, they found out an even more innovative time sync
           | mechanism. When you open the UI in the browser, they quickly
           | redirect you to "/set-time/" + Date.now(). This sets a global
           | variable in the Node.js app responsible for "now".
           | 
           | (https://mastodon.social/@laplab/111789584104871367)
        
         | skrebbel wrote:
         | Maybe it's the technical writer's way of saying "we ping an NTP
         | server so don't worry"
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=39065780
         | 
         | (Clearly that didn't pan out so well)
        
           | niklasrde wrote:
           | Without internet access?
        
       | hacker_newz wrote:
       | Nice write-up, I wish my apartment had this.
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | If the live and neutral cables of your electricity supply are
         | seperate and accessible, you can buy a meter that measures
         | power use with a clamp (loop) that fits around the live cable.
         | Perfectly safe, they were often given away by electric
         | companies in Britain in the 2010s to encourage thriftiness.
         | 
         | Here's a zigbee one: https://smarthomescene.com/reviews/tuya-
         | zigbee-single-clamp-...
         | 
         | Here's one with an app: https://aeotec.com/products/aeotec-
         | home-energy-meter/
         | 
         | You'll find many more if you search "clamp energy meter".
        
       | IlliOnato wrote:
       | I am curious, what "jira_version" in that listing means. Surely
       | not Jira?.. :-)
        
         | SonOfLilit wrote:
         | Why not? It most likely means "version in the sense of a
         | release version we configured in Jira to attach tickets to"
        
       | aworks wrote:
       | "urban archeology": The device was using an ARM processor
       | extension that could directly execute Java bytecode.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jazelle
        
         | Something1234 wrote:
         | I want to know more. History of java is just insanely weird.
        
           | astrange wrote:
           | SIM cards and secure elements (contactless credit cards) both
           | use this, or did at one point.
        
             | geerlingguy wrote:
             | For a time, Java was set to be the 'everything everywhere'
             | language, IIRC in some quarters the hype behind Java on
             | everything was even bigger than Cloud, then Crypto, then
             | AI.
        
               | fortran77 wrote:
               | I remember those days well. I had the misfortune of
               | working for one of Java's biggest advocates at Sun,
               | Patrick Naughton
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Naughton
               | 
               | To this day, I refuse to use Java or anything on the Java
               | ecosystem, like Clojure, or Groovy, etc.
        
               | lpapez wrote:
               | I've always thought of Java programming as being kind of
               | perverse with the patterns and verbosity, now I see where
               | the perversion is coming from.
        
               | AVincentInSpace wrote:
               | Just you watch, WASI is gonna be next
        
               | conradfr wrote:
               | It kind of was, I remember my "pre-smart" Sony phones
               | having Java games.
        
             | a2800276 wrote:
             | SIM cards and secure elements still use this, but it's
             | arguably less Java than Javascript. Except that the
             | trademark and tech (JavaCard) was owned by Sun, now Oracle.
             | It's the basis of the claim, that gazillion devices run
             | Java.
             | 
             | JavaCard is a massively trimmed down version which is more
             | a dumbed down C (with no standardization, little
             | documentation and no third-party tool support) which is
             | essentially Java reduced to basic arithmetic operator, an
             | arguably saner, much trimmed down standard library focusing
             | on cryptography and most importantly no GC.
        
           | callalex wrote:
           | I need you to know that the Java Ring was a thing that
           | existed. And yes it's just as stupidly large as it looks.
           | 
           | https://www.ebay.com/itm/300495374337
        
         | Everdred2dx wrote:
         | The Nintendo Wii's "Starlet" processor also supported this
         | though never used it!
        
       | lawgimenez wrote:
       | Very nostalgic, I have developed several apps before with
       | Lollipop and was surprised with their choice of using WebView. I
       | believe they set the NetThings app as a "launcher" app?
        
         | laplab wrote:
         | I also assumed that they would, but weirdly no. When the tablet
         | booted up, I was greeted with stock launcher.
         | 
         | Also, WebView is only part of the app, they used something else
         | (which did not look like Android native UI) for the WiFi
         | network picker.
        
           | mananaysiempre wrote:
           | The launcher with its Holo tabs and the icon style look more
           | like Android 4.something (I to K) to me, by the way. Android
           | 5 (L) was the first Material Design release (the one[1] that
           | had actual coherent principles behind it).
           | 
           | [1] https://m1.material.io/
        
             | exikyut wrote:
             | Yeah, I'd be curious to see what the About activity shows.
        
             | lawgimenez wrote:
             | Yeah you are right, I believe it is on Jelly Bean. This was
             | Holo running on ICS.
             | https://law.gmnz.xyz/uploads/2023/169e32e731.png
        
             | krackers wrote:
             | Yeah given the holoyolo look it's almost certainly ICS or
             | jelly bean. I think kitkat's launcher looked a bit
             | different, it didn't have the tabs: by then they had moved
             | from tron blue to white.
        
           | exikyut wrote:
           | Ooh, what did it look like?
        
       | MenhirMike wrote:
       | Okay, but: Did the author find the configuration for the energy
       | cost (money and CO2) and update it, so that the touchscreen shows
       | the proper info now?
        
         | laplab wrote:
         | He did! :) It was located in the `/srv/server/bin/cfg` file.
        
           | MenhirMike wrote:
           | Awesome! I had some instances of "digging so deep into a
           | fascinating problem that I forgot the initial reason I
           | started digging" :)
           | 
           | It actually looks like a reasonable system overall. Maybe a
           | bit bloated on the node.js side (what isn't?), but I wonder
           | if they just had that toolchain already in place/experience
           | with it, even though it's overkill for the system as-is. Or
           | maybe they just googled how to do networking and copy/pasted
           | the top Stack Overflow answer that included Socket.IO.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | Did you figure out what the green graph on the right of the
           | display represents? :)
        
           | zikohh wrote:
           | Do a follow up plan with the grafana bit. I'm intrigued
        
       | LAC-Tech wrote:
       | I really hope we'll look back at this fad of android powered wifi
       | domestic IoT devices one day and laugh about how silly it all
       | was.
       | 
       | Not an IoT hater. I've worked for IoT companies, and there's a
       | lot of very smart embedded engineers doing very cool things in
       | the space. But an old android tablet installed in the wall with a
       | WiFI point? oh dear.
        
         | Ancapistani wrote:
         | To be fair, that particular Android device is still installed
         | and at least marginally useful. How many other Android devices
         | from that era can say that?
        
           | lawgimenez wrote:
           | Also back then, you can fit an Android OS (pre-lollipop)
           | inside a USB and plug it in a TV. It was really cool.
        
         | ilaksh wrote:
         | What do you recommend as an alternative?
        
           | LAC-Tech wrote:
           | basic electronics, mostly
        
       | matthewaveryusa wrote:
       | You should host your write-up on the device itself in case your
       | domain succumbs to the sands of time
        
       | Brajeshwar wrote:
       | Hey Nikita, that was an excellent read. It felt like a pivotal
       | scene in a movie that would change the course of the succeeding
       | narrative. I envy the ability to write so nicely and clearly,
       | making it enjoyable for most generally technical people and
       | keeping us engaged. I will watch out for more articles.
        
         | rideontime wrote:
         | Hi Brajeshwar, that was a nice comment. It convinced me to read
         | the article, and I'm glad I did.
        
         | tome wrote:
         | Same! This is my favourite of all recent HN posts.
        
       | chefandy wrote:
       | Weird to see some micromuse thing listed as the service listed
       | for 1534. I worked for them back in like 2006 and we got eaten by
       | IBM/Tivoli and I don't believe they kept the name for anything? I
       | always knew nobody really updated those but man, _really_ nobody
       | updates those.
        
         | Nursie wrote:
         | Hah, weird to see micromuse come up. I started working for them
         | two weeks before the acquisition was announced!
        
           | chefandy wrote:
           | Ha! I did support there for Proviso-- the product of a
           | startup that Micromuse had acquired not too long before the
           | IBM acquisition. I started in between the acquisitions.
        
         | alexfoo wrote:
         | 1534 was the port used by the license manager (elmd - Elan
         | license manager). The bane of many a Netcool installation until
         | we joyfully ripped it out post IBM acquisition.
         | 
         | -Alex (Micromuse 1997 to 2021).
        
           | chefandy wrote:
           | I was wondering what it was. I only worked on Proviso out of
           | Massachusetts so I never even touched anything that was
           | _Netcool proper._
        
             | alexfoo wrote:
             | I think I was in Lowell for a few weeks helping out on some
             | App Packs when I heard about the acquisition. Working with
             | JFK? and another guy with a short nickname that escapes me
             | right now. Wedge?
        
               | chefandy wrote:
               | I know who JFK is-- rad dude-- but Wedge doesn't ring a
               | bell. I was in support though so my exposure to most of
               | the dev crew was infrequent enough to make a lot of those
               | memory recall threads pretty thin. I went to Dallas in
               | 2006 to get the official Micromuse company training
               | because we were basically still operating as Quallaby
               | when I got hired. It was for... a week I think? Maybe
               | two? Nice folks down there. Plus great barbecue for lunch
               | and great tequila after work. Hard to argue with that.
        
       | BubbleRings wrote:
       | I like the part where you flip the neighbor's power off for a
       | couple seconds. That'll teach 'em to get a UPS!
        
         | borissk wrote:
         | Next step - format all their SSDs to teach them to make backups
         | :)
        
         | laplab wrote:
         | I felt pretty bad about it, but my curiosity took over :) It
         | was only the power for their Energy Manager though, not the
         | power to the entire apartment!
         | 
         | In any case, I doubt they were actually using this Energy
         | Manager thing anyway. The number one feature listed on websites
         | selling these things is "Earn two code credits under the code
         | for sustainable homes". I assume you do not need to teach
         | people how to use the thing to earn these credits...
         | 
         | https://uk-metering.net/products/netthings-energy-manager
        
         | virexene wrote:
         | that was only the power to the energy measuring device i
         | believe.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Correct, since its only on a 3A fuse it would have blown as
           | soon as the owner tried to make a coffee, if the house power
           | literally ran through it.
           | 
           | Most likely this is just a current clamp style meter. Most of
           | these kinds of meters are.
        
       | borissk wrote:
       | Curios what was the price the developer paid for these devices.
        
         | k1t wrote:
         | While I doubt they paid the retail price, and the price has
         | probably increased in the 9 years since installation, the
         | current price is PS385.00.
         | 
         | https://uk-metering.net/products/netthings-energy-manager
        
       | inetknght wrote:
       | > _Turns out, I need a 3A fuse, so I ordered one from Amazon_
       | 
       | OP might want to watch Louis Rossmann's video about buying things
       | from Amazon.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B90_SNNbcoU
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | I was surprised someone would order this from Amazon, rather
         | than get one from the nearest convenience shop or supermarket.
         | Those places _only_ sell the normal thing for local use.
         | 
         | I was further surprised that someone would be worried about
         | installing the fuse. Is he also worried about plugging things
         | in generally?
        
           | xattt wrote:
           | I see the recommendation every so often to buy a fuse
           | locally, but I don't live in Akihabara.
           | 
           | I _HAVE_ to buy online electronic components, and usually it
           | ends up being Amazon, because other national suppliers insist
           | on charging $15 for courier shipping on a $2 part.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | The person lives in an apartment in Britain. Apartments are
             | only built in towns and cities, and are generally within
             | walking distance of convenience shops and supermarkets.
             | 
             | Every plug in Britain has a fuse, so they are about as easy
             | to buy as replacement light bulbs. Probably on the same
             | shelf.
        
               | MeImCounting wrote:
               | This is fascinating! I did not know this about british
               | plugs.
               | 
               | Why is that? Is it a safety measure?
        
               | tjohns wrote:
               | British household electrical systems are normally built
               | as one large ring circuit, originally in order to save
               | copper after WW2.
               | 
               | This means you don't have breakers for each branch
               | circuit (there are no branch circuits), just the single
               | mains breaker for the house. This single breaker is too
               | large to trip from a short from occuring in the smaller
               | wires inside an appliance.
               | 
               | So each plug (or hardwired device) needs it's own
               | dedicated smaller fuse instead.
        
               | zarzavat wrote:
               | To add: Many pre-90s buildings don't even have circuit
               | breakers, they have fuse boxes with fuse wire (different
               | fuse to the one being talked about). Literally just a
               | piece of wire that burns out at a certain current and
               | breaks the connection. You "reset" it by putting a new
               | piece of wire in.
               | 
               | The second fuse at the plug allows using a narrower gauge
               | of wire in the device's cord. Let's say you have a lamp
               | with a 3A fuse, the cord only needs to be able to handle
               | 3A, so then it can be lighter and cheaper. If it had to
               | handle the same amperage as the circuit it's plugged into
               | then it would be seriously impractical and expensive.
               | 
               | Of course there are modern ways of solving this but fuses
               | are dirt cheap and already implemented.
        
               | outofmyshed wrote:
               | My last place had a 1970s Wylex board, which at least had
               | plug-in MCB modules that replaced the fuse wire holders
               | and can be reset. However given you can still buy fuse
               | wire in DIY stores there still must be installations out
               | there that need it. Shudder.
        
               | Angostura wrote:
               | I recently replaced the old fusewire plugs with MCB
               | modules. Really didn't fancy trying to wind a bit of wire
               | around the terminals in the cellar in the dark :)
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | My parents' house still has fuses with fuse wire. They
               | had it rewired when they bought it in the 1980s, and that
               | was the standard then.
               | 
               | A fuse blowing is so rare I don't think they're worried
               | by the inconvenience. It might happen every 5 years or
               | more.
        
               | outofmyshed wrote:
               | Houses built post-1960s (with more than one floor) will
               | have more than one socket ring each protected by a
               | circuit breaker at the distribution board, usually one
               | per floor for general sockets, with a separate one for
               | the kitchen, and usually individual 32A breakers for
               | things like electric ovens and hobs.
               | 
               | Lighting rings are also separate, usually on 6A breakers.
               | We cheap out on cable by not running neutrals to the
               | switches, which causes nerds headaches when they want to
               | install generic smart light switches.
               | 
               | My house is reasonably large (worked hard, all my own
               | money) and has a 20-way distribution board with separate
               | socket and light rings for groups of rooms. It's handy
               | for isolation purposes.
               | 
               | More recent builds' rings will be protected by a
               | combination of MCBs and RCDs, or individual RCBOs (now
               | the cost has come down) which combine the two functions
               | and is ultimately the safest option for most situations.
               | 
               | Individually fusing plugs (and in the case of high-draw
               | appliances like washing machines and dryers, protecting
               | with a fused socket) is still a very good idea. And don't
               | get me started on earthing practices in other
               | countries...
        
               | xattt wrote:
               | Im curious as to why the practice continues. Are any
               | houses built with branch circuits?
        
               | zarzavat wrote:
               | Let's say you desperately need a cup of tea. So you buy a
               | cheap 4-way extension cable and 4 electric kettles. You
               | fill all the kettles and turn them on at the same time
               | for maximum tea-making throughput.
               | 
               | The combined load of all the kettles exceeds the rating
               | of the extension cable.
               | 
               | With a fuse: the fuse in the extension cable plug blows,
               | you buy another fuse, and learn some patience.
               | 
               | Without a fuse: the extension cable overheats and causes
               | a fire, your house burns down, and worst of all you still
               | don't have any tea.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | Without a fuse, the circuit breaker trips and then you go
               | reset it and hopefully learn not to plug in so many
               | kettles next time.
               | 
               | You would have to be a maniac to wire up a house without
               | fuses or breakers.
        
               | oasisaimlessly wrote:
               | From sibling comment:
               | 
               | > British household electrical systems are normally built
               | as one large ring circuit, originally in order to save
               | copper after WW2.
               | 
               | > This means you don't have breakers for each branch
               | circuit (there are no branch circuits), just the single
               | mains breaker for the house.
        
               | manarth wrote:
               | In the UK, there's typically one ring circuit and one
               | lighting circuit per storey, a separate ring circuit for
               | the kitchen, and dedicated circuits for large current
               | draws such as an electric oven or hob, shower, or
               | immersion heater.
               | 
               | Each circuit would have a dedicated MCB (Miniature
               | Circuit Breaker) which will trip if too much current is
               | drawn. The standard MCB rating for a ring circuit in the
               | UK is 32A.
        
               | Angostura wrote:
               | Your 6-way extension strip cable has still caught on fire
               | thiugh
        
               | xattt wrote:
               | Thanks for clarifying. I took the fuse in the article to
               | mean something like an appliance fuse, which for some
               | reason, was conveniently located in an accessible place.
        
         | neither_color wrote:
         | For US readers: The big orange or blue store are probably
         | better for you for anything electric that would go in your
         | walls. I went down a rabbit hole of amazon clones of popular
         | brand things like switches/dimmers/outlets and what I found is
         | dubious UL certificates shared by multiple "brands".
        
           | inetknght wrote:
           | > _what I found is dubious UL certificates shared by multiple
           | "brands"_
           | 
           | Have you reported it to UL?
           | 
           | https://www.ul.com/resources/market-surveillance-departments
        
         | ikt wrote:
         | That's what immediately stood out to me, why the hell would you
         | order it from Amazon instead of literally driving 5 minutes
         | down the road to pick one up from any electronics or hardware
         | store? what a horribly inefficient way to do things
        
       | daviddever23box wrote:
       | Security through obscurity, I suppose? Seems to be a common thing
       | with UK-based home or energy automation edge devices....
        
       | user_7832 wrote:
       | > C in IoT stands for "cost-effective" I guess.
       | 
       | Thanks, that got a laugh out of me.
        
         | dotancohen wrote:
         | The old joke asks what is the S in HTTPS, what is the S in
         | SFTP, what is the S in IoT.
        
           | flyinghamster wrote:
           | Also works for the P (privacy).
        
             | mkl wrote:
             | Protocol.
        
             | dotancohen wrote:
             | Maybe if you could find an example other than PGP/GPG.
        
           | Ayesh wrote:
           | I'm gonna steal this to use in my casual conversations!
        
           | anotherevan wrote:
           | I've heard it phrased more directly as, "The S in IoT stands
           | for security."
        
         | tim333 wrote:
         | Slightly surprisingly there's one still for sale. PS385+VAT.
         | "worth two code credits under the Code for Sustainable Homes."
         | Further googling finds "The Government scrapped the Code for
         | Sustainable Homes and the national net zero carbon homes
         | standard in 2015".
         | 
         | https://uk-metering.net/products/netthings-energy-manager
        
         | geon wrote:
         | I don't really get his point. Wifi is super cheap. You can get
         | a full stm32 with builtin wifi for like $6 for a single one.
         | Installing a cable would be far more expensive in labor.
        
       | layman51 wrote:
       | I recognize the forum post as being Salesforce Chatter. So it is
       | one of those Experience Cloud sites.
        
       | azalemeth wrote:
       | A fun read! I feel compelled to say that all British (type G
       | plugs) _have_ to be fused as the ring main has a maximum current
       | of (typically) 30A yet the plug and socket maximum is 13A. So
       | every appliance plug is fused, and the consumer unit has an RCD
       | on most accessible circuits in addition to a circuit breaker.
       | 
       | Some plugs don't make the fuse obvious, but the traditional
       | values are 1A, 3A, 5A, 7A, 10A and 13A (iirc -- for some reason!)
       | 
       | There are actually many features of the British and European
       | wiring system that I think are really quite good. The device is
       | closely related to a "smart meter", which are being slowly rolled
       | out -- the UI is similar to those rolled out nationally, but it's
       | a bit different.
       | 
       | Keep exploring (and don't play with the mains!)
        
         | Symbiote wrote:
         | Fuses in plugs in Britain are either 3A or 13A, by regulation.
         | 5A used to be another value, but is no longer used (though
         | replacement 5A fuses are easily available.)
         | 
         | I've never seen 7A or 10A fuses, and I was the kind of boy to
         | rummage through my grandparent's workshops. ..
        
           | leoedin wrote:
           | I've had 10A fused cables before - IEC leads are pretty
           | common. https://www.cablewarehouse.co.uk/10a-uk-plug-to-
           | iec-c13-main... for example.
        
           | azalemeth wrote:
           | They are available in the sizes I mentioned, plus 2A -
           | https://www.farnell.com/datasheets/1683350.pdf - and your
           | comment made me actually look up the regulation out of
           | curiosity as I know I have seen some of those other sizes in
           | the lab! The wiring regs are enforced in statute by The Plugs
           | and Sockets (Etc) Statutory Instrument 1994 [1] which
           | mandates the compliance of two British standards, BS 1362 and
           | BS 1363 for fuses and plugs respectively. The exact wording
           | of BS 1363 (at least the version of it I can access) is
           | 
           | > [...] all rewirable plugs shall be marked on the engagement
           | surface with the rated current. All non-rewirable plugs shall
           | be marked with the rated current of the fuse link fitted,
           | which shall not exceed the value given in Table 2 for the
           | appropriate size of flexible cord
           | 
           | Table 2 itself prescribes a _maximum_ fuse rating of 3 A or
           | "(5 A)" [see below] for a conductor cross-sectional area of
           | 0.5 mm^2, and 13 A for all larger conductor areas (0.75, 1,
           | 1.25, and 1.5 mm^2). It is entitled "Rated current and
           | maximum fuse rating in normal use, and load for flexing and
           | cord grip tests related to size of flexible cord"
           | 
           | > [...] The figure in brackets indicates the fuse rating when
           | a non rewirable plug is used with certain types of equipment
           | where the use of a 5 A fuse link is necessary because of the
           | high instantaneous inrush current
           | 
           | So there we go, I think - we're all sort of right. Thanks for
           | sending me down this rabbit hole!
           | 
           | [1] https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1994/1768/made
        
         | alanfranz wrote:
         | Why don't you use a 13A circuit breaker in UK? That's what we
         | do in the rest of the EU, I think.
         | 
         | There's a main input to the house which usually is around
         | 15A-30A , then we've got multiple sublines with individual
         | circuit breakers, typically 10A or 16A.
        
           | alanfranz wrote:
           | I just read up about radial vs ring circuits; I had seen ring
           | circuits only in industrial contexts here in Italy, so the
           | fused approach makes sense I suppose.
        
           | leoedin wrote:
           | That seems really low. Most houses in the UK have a 60 - 100A
           | supply. Just my stove alone can draw about 7.3kW - about 32A.
        
             | alanfranz wrote:
             | Probably depends on the country. In Italy we usually employ
             | natural gas stoves and we use natural gas furnaces for
             | heating, so normally you get a 3kw to 6kw max inbound
             | power. I think you can easily get to 10kw, but above that
             | it's quite difficult.
        
         | leoedin wrote:
         | Ring circuits may have made sense in the past, but they really
         | don't any more. It's basically impossible to test a ring
         | circuit in place - you have to break the connection somewhere
         | to ensure the ring is complete. That's a huge downside. They
         | were conceived at a time when circuit breakers were expensive
         | and wire was in short supply - neither is true now, yet people
         | are still installing them.
        
         | Angostura wrote:
         | The weirdest bit for me was when he ordered a 3am fuse from
         | Amazon, rather than just wandering down to the corner shop for
         | a little blister pack that has 13amp, 5amp and 3amp fuses.
         | Usually just next to the sewing kits
        
       | belinder wrote:
       | Cool article! You have a small typo towards the end, coincedence
       | -> coincidence
        
       | xydac wrote:
       | this is first time i have read something completely in a long
       | span of time !!
        
         | PNWChris wrote:
         | I agree, I really enjoyed the author's curiosity and writing
         | style!
        
       | kelnos wrote:
       | > _There were two strings printed with labels "SSID" and "Pwd". I
       | froze in horror. They wouldn't dare. It is literally 3 meter
       | distance. These are embedded devices, they do not need this
       | complexity..._
       | 
       | Not surprising at all. I would expect that a lot of these are
       | bought as retrofits, and not as a part of new construction.
       | Running wires through existing walls can be annoying, and they
       | don't want to put that barrier to sale in front of them. And you
       | can get a good-enough WiFi chipset for a few bucks these days.
       | 
       | > _I need a 3A fuse [...] After installation, I checked the
       | temperature of the fuse multiple times during the day to get at
       | least some indication that things are not going to get worse. It
       | worked fine for a more than a week now, but I still do not
       | recommend experiments like this to anyone._
       | 
       | Probably don't need to be so worried here. If it's a 3A fuse, the
       | entirety of your apartment's mains power is not running through
       | it. A 3A fuse would burn out in a fraction of a second if you
       | tried to do that.
       | 
       | Also, oh, man, Jazelle. I'd forgotten about that. Hardware
       | support for Java bytecode... that did not pan out well.
        
         | inetknght wrote:
         | > _Probably don 't need to be so worried here. If it's a 3A
         | fuse, the entirety of your apartment's mains power is not
         | running through it._
         | 
         | If it's a "3A fuse" that doesn't blow at 6A or worse, then it
         | will get _very_ hot (fire hazard) if /when there's a short
         | regardless of the distance to the mains power.
         | 
         | If it truly is a 3A fuse, then great. If it's bought from
         | Amazon then I doubt it's truly a 3A fuse.
        
           | naitgacem wrote:
           | Louis Rossman over at YouTube has been going over this fuses
           | thing from Amazon. All the fuses he tried from top-results
           | didn't blow until he put 4x or 5x the current rating through
           | them.
        
             | stavros wrote:
             | Really? What the hell? That seems extremely unsafe, why are
             | people doing this? Are 12A fuses cheaper to make than 3A
             | fuses?
        
               | kevincox wrote:
               | Probably not. But precision is expensive. A 3A +- 0.1A
               | fuse will be more expensive to make them a 3A +- 6A fuse.
               | And of course a customer will be upset with a 3A - 2A =
               | 1A fuse so they really make a 9A +- 6A fuse and sell it
               | as 3A.
               | 
               | So if you are "lucky" you can pass 12A though it no
               | problem.
               | 
               | (Numbers make up for illustration.)
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Fuse needs to protect against 2 main things:
           | 
           | 1) a dead short in the circuit. Fuse will blow pretty much
           | instantly.
           | 
           | 2) an overload on the circuit. Fuse will blow sooner or later
           | depending on how great the load excess is. If the fuse is
           | rated at 3A, it's not going to be fine at 2.9A and then
           | instantly blow at 3.1A. You'd need actual current monitoring
           | to do that.
           | 
           | And some fuses are "delayed" to allow an overload for a few
           | moments, such as when starting a motor.
           | 
           | None of this disputes that Amazon is well known to sell
           | garbage, and not just limited to fuses. That's why I don't
           | buy anything there.
        
         | ssl-3 wrote:
         | Also, too: Wifi has inherent galvanic isolation with a wide
         | gap.
         | 
         | It isn't strictly necessary, as anyone here obviously knows,
         | but it can be a cost-effective way to isolate the [electrical]
         | pokey-bits from the [meat-based] pokey-bits, and to avoid loops
         | when things go wrong.
         | 
         | Wireless has uses beyond just eliminating wires.
        
           | mcbishop wrote:
           | > it can be a cost-effective way to isolate
           | 
           | This never occurred to me, thanks.
        
         | xerox13ster wrote:
         | > A 3A fuse would burn out in a fraction of a second if you
         | tried to do that.
         | 
         | he bought it on Amazon. He has every reason to be worried that
         | it won't burn out. Louis Rossman did a video[0] where he put 8
         | amps through a 2 amp fuse and left the room for quite a long
         | time, I think it was several minutes with 8a going through a 2a
         | fuse.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B90_SNNbcoU
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | Fuses are notoriously imprecise, even "fast blow" ones:
           | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WG11rVcMOnY
        
             | dns_snek wrote:
             | I'm not going to watch the whole video but it doesn't seem
             | like it supports the point you're trying to make.
             | 
             | > How long does it take for your 400mA multimeter fuse to
             | blow at 600mA?
             | 
             | > The amazing unpredictability of fusing current ratings at
             | low overloads.
             | 
             | It makes a point of saying that fuses are imprecise, i.e.
             | that a fuse likely won't blow when 600mA of current passes
             | through a 400mA fuse for a few seconds.
             | 
             | What Rossmann discovered was that fuses from Amazon took 4x
             | the rated current for minutes. That's many orders of
             | magnitude out of spec.
        
               | B1FF_PSUVM wrote:
               | > 4x the rated current
               | 
               | > That's many orders of magnitude
               | 
               | An order of magnitude is 10 times, in my timeline.
        
               | dns_snek wrote:
               | The relationship between the amount of overload and how
               | fast the fuse is supposed to blow is quadratic, not
               | linear. As an example with somewhat made-up numbers, at
               | 1x it might take hours to blow, at 2x it might take a
               | minute or two, at 3x it shouldn't take more than a second
               | and at 4x it should be nearly instant.
               | 
               | If it's supposed to blow in 0.1 seconds when overloaded
               | by 4x, then taking 10 minutes is many orders of magnitude
               | in my book. While that fuse is taking its sweet time,
               | wiring or other components are being heated out of spec
               | (16x more heat at 4x the current), potentially posing a
               | fire hazard or damaging the device it's supposed to be
               | protecting.
        
           | fulladder wrote:
           | That is very disturbing. Does Amazon reimburse you when your
           | house burns down?
        
             | eastbound wrote:
             | Seriously, I think they would refund the fuse since you are
             | not satisfied.
             | 
             | I think the only way for Amazon to stop organizing
             | countraband would be if dozens of people die in each
             | country and it makes a big media mess and public
             | prosecutors finally rule that Amazon is responsible for
             | mingling and smuggling the products in-country.
             | 
             | Which will impact all marketplaces, requiring
             | Craigslist/Leboncoin/Gumtree to asses the liability of the
             | sellers on the marketplace.
             | 
             | Which could be a good thing.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | It'll take a lot more than just a dozen. I bet well over
               | that have already died.
               | 
               | Hundreds maybe?
        
           | rokweom wrote:
           | In general, people have the wrong idea about how fuses work.
           | They're not supposed to blow at their rated current, they're
           | supposed to withstand it _indefinitely_ , and only blow at
           | much higher currents. Look up any datasheet from a well
           | established manufacturer and see for yourself (like this one
           | from littelfuse:
           | https://littelfuse.com/products/fuses/cartridge-
           | fuses/5x20mm... )
        
             | megous wrote:
             | People also have a wrong idea about how buying electronic
             | components on Amazon/Aliexpress/eBay/etc. works. You buy a
             | few of the same, test them, then use them if they work.
             | Otherwise ask for refund.
             | 
             | Otherwise you're up for a big surprise that all your
             | TL081's are LM356 instead, or that mosfet you bought has 3x
             | the Rds(on) than expected, or that your fuse doesn't work.
        
             | owenversteeg wrote:
             | Indeed. There is a slight temperature dependent de-rating,
             | but in general that is correct. To add, Littelfuse is in
             | fact the inventor of the standard automotive blade fuses -
             | they know their fuses if anyone does. I archived a
             | datasheet of some of their blade fuses here [0] - you can
             | see that a 1-amp fuse will run at 1A indefinitely, 2A for
             | 300ms, 3A ~100ms, 4A ~60ms, 5A ~40ms etc. The same
             | datasheet will tell you the temperature derating for their
             | blade fuses is less than 25% at any temperatures you want
             | your electronics to live at.
             | 
             | Another fun fact that is obvious from applying Ohm's Law -
             | you can calculate the current flowing through a fuse by
             | measuring the voltage drop. You can do the math yourself,
             | or there are handy "fuse voltage drop charts" so you don't
             | even have to use a calculator. Yes, this means that with a
             | simple oscilloscope you now have a portable energy meter
             | that requires zero rewiring. Ha, I accidentally brought us
             | full circle :)
             | 
             | [0] https://web.archive.org/web/20240121052239/https://m.li
             | ttelf...
        
               | rokweom wrote:
               | Just be careful with that, measuring mains is a bad idea
               | with most oscilloscopes. The ground pin is usually
               | connected to mains earth, so if you're not careful, you
               | might create a short and blow up your scope. If you have
               | one of these battery powered ones, it'll be fine, but the
               | mains powedered ones are usually a no-no.
        
               | owenversteeg wrote:
               | Ah, I was referring to automotive blade fuses (which have
               | lovely little contacts on top for measuring.) They are
               | only rated to 32VDC so if you are running mains through
               | that you have other issues. Indeed I'd just use my
               | battery-powered oscilloscope to measure mains but if I
               | wanted to use a benchtop scope I'd use an isolation
               | transformer.
        
               | IshKebab wrote:
               | So you agree that a 2A fuse shouldn't allow 8A to pass
               | for several minutes?
        
               | owenversteeg wrote:
               | Yes, that sounds like a very poor quality fuse (assuming
               | it wasn't specced that way, which would be unusual.)
        
           | jart wrote:
           | Amazon had one of their buildings in California shut down a
           | few months ago by the fire department when a generator
           | started smoking. It was probably due to a bad fuse they
           | bought off Amazon. https://signalscv.com/2023/07/fire-breaks-
           | out-at-amazon/ That's how blinded by their avarice Amazon has
           | become; they can't even protect their own house. Notice how
           | the Nilight fuses (https://amzn.to/3S06G2n) are still listed,
           | even after a YouTube video with 300,000 views demonstrated
           | that their 2 ampere fuse takes 10 amps to blow. I even had an
           | electrical fire in my house recently, due to components that
           | I purchased off Amazon. I know Amazon monitors Hacker News PR
           | closely, since they took down those ChatGPT generated
           | listings within minutes of us posting them here. Yet they do
           | nothing about product listings that put our lives, and their
           | own lives, in critical danger.
        
             | ayewo wrote:
             | > _I know Amazon monitors Hacker News PR closely, since
             | they took down those ChatGPT generated listings within
             | minutes of us posting them here._
             | 
             | Like other engineers at Big Tech, Amazon Engineers also
             | read HN and the post in question happened to be on the HN
             | front page around the lunch break of a work day, IIRC.
             | 
             | It's easy to imagine one or more Amazon engineers
             | internally pinging the team responsible for Amazon listings
             | hence the appearance that Amazon was able to take down/hide
             | those ChatGPT generated listings in less than an hour of it
             | landing here.
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | Well yeah, there's that. My assumption about the worry the
           | author expressed was that it was just an "I'm a little
           | uncomfortable with mains power" type worry, not "did I buy a
           | crappy part that's going to explode" type worry. If it was
           | the latter, that's, well... entirely avoidable.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | > Running wires through existing walls can be annoying, and
         | they don't want to put that barrier to sale in front of them.
         | 
         | It also makes it more convenient to compromise the device from
         | across the street (or across town with a directional antenna).
         | Though of course that's not a problem if your security is up to
         | par and the device continues to receive regular security
         | updates, and we can only surmise that the author has discovered
         | a rare outlier in this space where that is not the case.
        
           | inetknght wrote:
           | > _Though of course that 's not a problem if your security is
           | up to par and the device continues to receive regular
           | security updates_
           | 
           | Just remember that the S in IoT stands for security :)
        
             | injidup wrote:
             | Secure Home
        
           | bbarnett wrote:
           | _device continues to receive regular security updates_
           | 
           | Have to reply to this, and my response was covered a bit by
           | your statement of "security up to par".
           | 
           | Nothing should be considered secure. All those bug bounties
           | are to entice black hats, into giving up juicy pre-0day
           | vulnerabilities.
           | 
           | So just because a device is up to date with security updates,
           | we all must understand, there are countless bugs unknown,
           | needing to be patched, and often, being discovered by those
           | that will never tell, never disclose, never report, and only
           | use them for nefarious purposes.
           | 
           | This is why security is nothing without monitoring.
           | 
           | And why nothing is ever "safe", only likely "more safe" due
           | to a security update.
           | 
           | Consider everything that is network connected as compromised.
           | Everything.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > Consider everything that is network connected as
             | compromised. Everything.
             | 
             | This doesn't seem like useful advice.
             | 
             | If you know something is compromised, you're going to want
             | to stop using it and build a clean system etc. You can't
             | just do that continuously the instant you've built the new
             | system.
             | 
             | Likewise, how does monitoring even work? Every device and
             | app wants to phone home to some random server. The
             | connection will be encrypted and even if it wasn't it could
             | be some arbitrary custom protocol you'd have to spend
             | several hours to reverse engineer. You could just block
             | them all but that will cause massive breakage and possibly
             | impair security when the thing you're blocking is whatever
             | thing's security update mechanism.
             | 
             | What's a solution someone can actually use?
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | _This doesn 't seem like useful advice._
               | 
               | Understanding reality is always useful advice. Wishing
               | reality isn't as it is, won't help.
               | 
               | The mindset I have described, is how one must view all
               | electronics. Unsecure.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | But what does that mean in practice? Throw them all into
               | the fire and go back to pen and paper?
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | If that is your choice.
               | 
               | You may also understand that your devices are not secure,
               | take steps to reduce risk, and so on.
               | 
               | Why do you think yubikeys are a useful thing? Or hardware
               | crypto wallets?
               | 
               | Devices that reduce risk, that are designed with the
               | thought that connected computers aren't secure, can never
               | be secure.
               | 
               | Know where risk sits.
        
               | mrmanner wrote:
               | I think this discussion mostly comes down to how we
               | interpret the word "secure". Do we mean "zero risk",
               | "nothing can go bad", "no potential attack, ever"?
               | 
               | Or do we mean "low enough risk for this thing , here,
               | now"? I prefer the latter, even if that implies that
               | statements like "this thing is secure" are somewhat
               | useless due to the subjectivity.
        
               | pmontra wrote:
               | Same thing as the security of the lock on our doors. We
               | know that if somebody really want to get into our homes
               | they will. In the case of IoT and computers add to it the
               | automation of the attack.
               | 
               | What do we do with our homes? Tradeoffs.
               | 
               | We put some valuables in banks, we keep some at home. We
               | insure precious items, if we do have them. We curse when
               | burglars steal from us.
               | 
               | We also install curtains so people outside cannot look at
               | us and at what we are doing at home. There are several
               | level of protections to do the same thing for networks
               | and devices. Of course vulnerabilities mean that they are
               | not perfect. Curtains are not perfect too. Add to that
               | imaging through walls with WiFi or mobile network
               | signals, but that's still fringe at best even if you
               | should read https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37469920
               | 
               | So, tradeoffs and be conscious of them.
        
               | Semaphor wrote:
               | I agree with your first part, but not with your second.
               | It really depends what you use, you can easily build up a
               | while home automation system that doesn't phone home or
               | require internet at all
        
           | a2800276 wrote:
           | > we can only surmise that the author has discovered a rare
           | outlier in this space where that is not the case.
           | 
           | Exactly what I was thinking! What luck that the author found
           | the single IoT device out there that's a cobbled together
           | piece of bodged electronics designed by a graduate from a
           | webdev bootcamp with a Corel Draw focus. A device that, while
           | only ~15 years old is not only hopelessly useless, but also
           | obsolete and insecure.
           | 
           | It's a good thing all other consumer IoT device manufacturers
           | think about and prioritize security, longevity! Also, that
           | customers nowadays are more focused on installing something
           | fit-for-purpose and sustainable once than buying the cheapest
           | shit possible with the blinkiest LEDs.
           | 
           | I shudder to think about how long they tried to get the
           | string-and-cups based telephone to work in my building until
           | the 1930's when they installed the copper still used today
           | for DSL. Or how terrible the paper-straw based water system
           | must have been up to the 1890's when they realized investing
           | in metal pipes has advantages. So glad the days of short-term
           | thinking are behind us.
        
             | eastbound wrote:
             | I'm passionate about the problem of software maintenance:
             | 
             | - Can we solve this with some companies dedicated to
             | maintaining simple code (1 probe, 2 charts for each IoT, or
             | more if the IoT subscribed for more) multiplied by 10k
             | different IoT objects over 30 years?
             | 
             | - How would upgrading all of them look like? Can we batch
             | the upgrade of NPM's package.json? Can we define a minimum
             | toolset, say NPM+Next+React, for long-term support?
             | 
             | - How can we keep software engineers passionate for that
             | software over dozens of years? Can the challenge of
             | upgrading and migrating to newer frameworks and applying
             | security upgrade be ever a trove of genius and a competiton
             | of the best hacks?
             | 
             | For the moment, when it's done, it's all GitHub Actions.
             | Released in 2018. Well, not a good start. Plus everyone has
             | a different pile of ... in their actions, it's all custom
             | code, nothing is standardized, and each new IoT requires a
             | new guy writing new ones.
             | 
             | - Is this already done in some part of OSS (openWrt?) and
             | how do they deal with the boredom of engineers?
        
             | speed_spread wrote:
             | You have exceeded your weekly sarcasm quota. Your internet
             | license has been suspended pending review by the serious
             | committee.
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | Sure, but manufacturers -- as we should well know by now --
           | don't particularly care about that.
           | 
           | And for a device like this -- a rare one where it seems they
           | sold it without any kind of online subscription service --
           | their goal is to sell units, and telling people they'll have
           | to cut holes in their walls and run wires (for most people
           | this probably means hiring someone) is certainly going to
           | sell fewer units.
        
         | AceJohnny2 wrote:
         | > _Also, oh, man, Jazelle. I 'd forgotten about that. Hardware
         | support for Java bytecode... that did not pan out well._
         | 
         | I'd love someday to learn more about why Jazelle failed.
         | 
         | The first SoC I worked on almost 20 years ago was built around
         | an ARM926EJ-S, just like in the story. It was built for Nokia,
         | who used Symbian OS [1], and supported user-installable apps
         | written against Java Micro Edition [2].
         | 
         | The utter mess of Symbian's app discovery and installation, I
         | suspect, was a prime reason Apple created their App Store for
         | the iPhone.
         | 
         | Nevertheless, the fundamental concept of HW-accelerated Java
         | apps doesn't sound crazy. What happened? Were they just stuck
         | with a sinking ship, Symbian?
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symbian
         | 
         | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Platform,_Micro_Edition
        
         | alexambarch wrote:
         | > Also, oh, man, Jazelle. I'd forgotten about that. Hardware
         | support for Java bytecode... that did not pan out well.
         | 
         | As someone who was too young to be paying any attention during
         | this time, what were some of the reasons this didn't pan out?
         | Java seems so dominant looking back that I'm surprised
         | something like this wouldn't have been a success.
        
           | vanderZwan wrote:
           | I have also wondered this for years, and always was told
           | "because JITs work better", but that felt a bit handwavy.
           | Luckily for both of us David Chisnall _just_ published an
           | article on ACM about designing ISAs that properly explains
           | the reasoning behind Jazelle and why it did not work in the
           | long run:
           | 
           | > _Small code is also important_ [for a simple single-issue
           | in-order core]. _A small microcontroller core may be as small
           | as 10KB of SRAM (static random access memory). A small
           | decrease in encoding efficiency can dwarf everything when
           | considering the total area cost: If you need 20 percent more
           | SRAM for your code, then that can be equivalent to doubling
           | the core area. Unfortunately, this constraint almost directly
           | contradicts the previous one_ [about decoder complexity].
           | _This is why Thumb-2 and RISC-V focused on a variable length
           | encoding that is simple to decode: They save code size
           | without significantly increasing decoder complexity._
           | 
           | > _This is a complex tradeoff that is made even more
           | complicated when considering multiple languages. For example,
           | Arm briefly supported Jazelle DBX (direct bytecode execution)
           | on some of its mobile cores. This involved decoding Java
           | bytecode directly, with Java VM (virtual machine) state
           | mapped into specific registers. A Java add instruction,
           | implemented in a software interpreter, requires at least one
           | load to read the instruction, a conditional branch to find
           | the right handler, and then another to perform the add. With
           | Jazelle, the load happens via instruction fetch, and the add
           | would add the two registers that represented the top of the
           | Java stack. This was far more efficient than an interpreter
           | but did not perform as well as a JIT (just-in-time) compiler,
           | which could do a bit more analysis between Java bytecodes._
           | 
           | > _Jazelle DBX is an interesting case study because it made
           | sense only in the context of a specific set of source
           | languages and microarchitectures. It provided no benefits for
           | languages that didn 't run in a Java VM. By the time devices
           | had more than about 4MB of RAM, Jazelle was outperformed by a
           | JIT. Within that envelope, however, it was a good design
           | choice._
           | 
           | > _Jazelle DBX should serve as a reminder that optimizations
           | for one size of core can be incredibly bad choices for other
           | cores_
           | 
           | So: a decent JIT works better if you can afford the overhead
           | of the JIT. Jazelle was only a good idea in a very brief
           | period of time when this wasn't true, and even then only if
           | you insist on running a Java VM.
           | 
           | [0] https://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=3639445
        
           | bitwize wrote:
           | The Lisp machine failed because Lisp compiler technology got
           | better and better at targeting generic 32-bit CPU hardware,
           | which was becoming increasingly cheap and plentiful. So the
           | benefits of having all this custom hardware to specially
           | execute Lisp code were nullified -- leaving only the costs.
           | 
           | The same thing happened to Java in hardware. It seemed like a
           | good idea at the time because it allowed developers to target
           | a language they were already familiar with, and present an
           | alternative to Wintel -- especially when you realize that
           | Java was _all the rage_ as a sort of universal programming
           | environment, and in particular J2ME was a big deal for proto-
           | "smart" phones before the iPhone came along. But embedded
           | Java didn't really pan out, memory and CPU time got cheaper,
           | and compiler and JIT tech improved to the point where there
           | was just no benefit to adding the hardware it took to decode
           | Java instructions. So Jazelle was deprecated and replaced
           | with something called ThumbEE, which was a more generic
           | framework based on ARM's Thumb instruction set for running
           | code for an abstract machine, providing features like
           | automatic null-pointer checking and that. Like you could set
           | up a ThumbEE environment for running Python or .NET code in
           | addition to Java. Nowadays even ThumbEE is deprecated.
           | Neither feature appears in ARMv8 processors, for instance.
        
           | dmitrygr wrote:
           | Because it be behind an NDA and a paywall and the cost of
           | getting the info was not worth the speedup.
        
         | madaxe_again wrote:
         | >> To be honest, the whole thing was a bit scary, since I was
         | very close to the mains
         | 
         | I laughed at this. Changing a fuse is... a bit scary? They
         | literally teach this in elementary school in the U.K. - or they
         | did. As you say, no need to fretfully check the fuse - either
         | it blows or it doesn't, and you'll know when it does. At least
         | he didn't find the receptacle holding a dead fuse, carefully
         | wrapped in the ceremonial aluminium shroud of eternal life and
         | certain death, which is a crime I may have committed in my
         | younger, more fire-prone years.
         | 
         | I find it interesting how uncomfortable some people are outside
         | of their comfort zones - but then I am a person who spends his
         | life sticking his nose in stuff he has no business with.
        
           | kelnos wrote:
           | I don't know how old the author is, but I'm not surprised
           | when people even 10-15 years younger than I am (I'm in my
           | 40s) shy away from digging into the guts of how things work.
           | 
           | I feel like I was at the tail end of when it was ok to
           | experiment with technology as a kid and teen. The early '00s
           | brought much more in the way of disposable, locked-down
           | devices. Kids growing up today (despite the educational push
           | of orgs like the Raspberry Pi Foundation) are presented with
           | hermetically-sealed devices that present a sanitized
           | interface. Manufacturers explicitly don't want their
           | customers taking things apart, discovering how they work, or
           | tinkering with them in any way... and often even try to put
           | legal barriers in place to keep people from doing stuff like
           | this.
           | 
           | This is a far cry from when I was very young (and before I
           | was born) when computers and kits would come with full
           | schematics and datasheets!
        
           | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
           | I honestly find it pretty sad
        
           | Symbiote wrote:
           | Secondary school, but it's still in the revision guide so I
           | assume they still teach it.
           | 
           | https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/z6r37nb/revision/6
        
         | pmontra wrote:
         | Yeah, the author makes this pun
         | 
         | > C in IoT stands for "cost-effective" I guess
         | 
         | but it's actually C for cableless.
        
       | j1elo wrote:
       | > _tcf-agent is [...] probably the second biggest security
       | vulnerability after passwordless root SSH._
       | 
       | I thought that passwordless SSH is actually a good idea in
       | general for servers? Assuming, that is, that the public/private
       | key login mechanism is used as the alternative to passwords.
        
         | bombcar wrote:
         | Passwordless meaning a blank root password allowing login with
         | no credentials- not public/private key.
        
       | ncann wrote:
       | > TCF seems to be closedly tied to Eclipse ecosystem. The Getting
       | Started guide suggests several plugins for Eclipse as the main
       | way to interact with tcf-agent. I tried installing these plugins
       | on a new version of Eclipse and it is absolutely impossible.
       | There are dependency issues everywhere and when you actually try
       | to install the missing dependencies, Eclipse does not let you
       | because they conflict with some other dependencies.
       | 
       | I laughed out loud at this part. Some things never changed I
       | guess.
        
         | mnw21cam wrote:
         | This is also what happens whenever I try to install anything
         | that uses the package managers for python or perl. For some
         | reason, these two always fail with messages about conflicting,
         | non-existent, or failed-to-compile dependencies. I work in
         | bioinformatics - everything is in python or perl. My life is
         | pain.
        
       | metadat wrote:
       | _> There were two strings printed with labels "SSID" and "Pwd". I
       | froze in horror. They wouldn't dare. It is literally 3 meter
       | distance. These are embedded devices, they do not need this
       | complexity..._
       | 
       | Responding with disbelief seems a little over the top. It isn't
       | typically easy to run wires in pre-built spaces. Sounds like a
       | resilient design to me.
        
         | 65a wrote:
         | Not resiliant, because in the 10-20 year lifespan of a home
         | electrical panel, at least one critical vulnerability is going
         | to allow complete remote pwnage of that device. It's stupid IOT
         | garbage that belongs in ewaste, especially with a trivial
         | remote code execution mechanism.
        
           | rini17 wrote:
           | Layperson will always prefer wireless. "But what if I need to
           | move the tablet?"
           | 
           | Never bet against convenience.
        
           | leoedin wrote:
           | There's not really much those devices can do - they're just
           | metering, and don't have an active internet connection.
           | 
           | WiFi isn't a bad choice of communications protocol.
        
         | ajmurmann wrote:
         | I recently got into microcontrollers and one of the most
         | surprising things to me was the low cost and small size of
         | ESP32s with wifi. Having grown up at a time when it wasn't
         | unusual to buy a PCI card for your desktop computer that added
         | wifi capability I had assumed that we'd still be looking at a
         | target large device that goes for ~$20+ to get WiFi. Explicitly
         | thinking about the ubiquity of cheap devices with wifi around
         | me would immediately correct this view, but I had never done
         | that and I'm sure many others haven't either
        
       | efitz wrote:
       | Did you ever fix the cost per kWh?
        
       | wkat4242 wrote:
       | > Turns out, I need a 3A fuse, so I ordered one from Amazon and
       | installed it the next day.
       | 
       | Ummm. 3A is 720W. If that tiny box dissipated that much, the
       | entire closet full of them would be a literal oven. Besides
       | there's not much point in an energy meter using that much power.
       | It defeats the purpose. It's like testing matches :P it'll be 10W
       | at most. Even peak inrush current would be nowhere near that
       | high.
       | 
       | 1A fuse would be more than enough.
       | 
       | > To be honest, the whole thing was a bit scary, since I was very
       | close to the mains.
       | 
       | Nah this is all installed very cleanly.
        
         | hales wrote:
         | Depends on the fuse time rating and the inrush current for the
         | power supply (which can sometimes be more than 10A). Some 1A
         | fuses might occasionally blow when you turn the unit on.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Hm yreah but if it's 10A it will be really short like <
           | 100ms. A physical melt fuse should have no issues with that.
           | Most general-purpose fuses are really slow.
        
         | alphabetter wrote:
         | The 3A fuse is due to the way the UK wiring system works rather
         | than what is optimal for this device.
         | 
         | All appliances in the UK have a fuse where they connect to the
         | building wiring, normally in the plug, but can be in a fixed
         | fuse-holder like this device. Somewhere in the process it was
         | recognized that having lots of different fuse values would be
         | confusing and awkward for users, so these fuses are the same
         | size and always one of three standard values: 13A, 5A, and 3A.
         | As noted elsewhere, you can buy these particular fuses in UK
         | supermarkets and convenience stores.
         | 
         | If 3A is too high for the appliance then what the designer has
         | to do is to fit it with a flex rated at 3A so that is protected
         | by the fuse at the plug-end and then add additional, lower
         | current, protection at the device end.
         | 
         | The UK system is clever and has subtle details like the
         | standard fuse values which were good at the time it was
         | introduced. But, it is also rather over-engineered, and not
         | optimized for modern homes that have a lot of low-current
         | appliances.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Oh yeah the UK system.. I lived in Ireland for a long time
           | and it was a bit archaic sometimes.
           | 
           | I like the idea of fuses in every plug, mind you. Because
           | some equipment just can't be trusted. I didn't like the
           | switches in every outlet (even though they're not mandatory,
           | they are very common). And the way the plugs are so huuuge
           | and always fall with the pins up do to the design so they are
           | a foot-piercer.
           | 
           | In Ireland 1A fuses _were_ available though even in the fuse
           | kits in Tesco. With the same size as the others. And the
           | practice doesn 't always lead to actual safety, I've seen a
           | lot of tinfoil and paperclips. Yes, really.
           | 
           | But the thing I really thought was the worst was the concept
           | of having only one tap connected to the mains water line in
           | the house, and having all the others fed by a huge dirty
           | water tank in the attic, full of dead insects brewing away in
           | the summer heat (yes even there it can get hot in summer). It
           | seems like an ecological disaster and locals were always
           | warning me to not drink the water from the bathroom or
           | bedrooms taps. It's also a big possible cause of leaks. Here
           | in Spain and in my home country of Holland we just feed all
           | taps onto the mains.
           | 
           | But overall I tend to prefer EU standards rather than BS. The
           | "Schuko" does have a few serious design flaws like the
           | ability to plug it in upside-down so neutral and phase are
           | reversed, but the French have found a solution for that :)
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | I think many cold water tank system in Britain have been
             | removed in the last 20 years or so, as people install more
             | efficient central heating / hot water systems.
             | 
             | No idea about Ireland.
             | 
             | (Here in Denmark there are switches on sockets. I find it
             | useful on the rice cooker, which doesn't have its own
             | switch and would otherwise need to be unplugged. The other
             | sockets are generally left with the switch "on".)
        
       | harry8 wrote:
       | Still for sale?
       | 
       | https://uk-metering.net/products/netthings-energy-manager
        
         | r4indeer wrote:
         | Only 2 left, probably for a while already. I'd guess that's old
         | stock.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | Even if this device (presumably with known vulnerabilities) isn't
       | directly reachable via the Internet, could the device be bumped
       | off the WiFi and onto an impersonating AP, where the device can
       | be taken over?
       | 
       | The photo on the retail box has a tablet camera hole. Does this
       | particular unit have a camera and mic, placed in a living area?
        
       | ilikehurdles wrote:
       | "DATE & TIME ARE ALWAYS CORRECT AND NEVER NEED TO BE ADJUSTED"
       | sounds like it's straight out of a fever dream
        
         | justinator wrote:
         | THEY'RE MADE OUT OF MEAT.
        
         | mlk wrote:
         | It would if it had an NTP client running
        
       | xyst wrote:
       | Yet another reminder: I really need to get off my ass and isolate
       | all of the IoT junk connected to my network away from
       | home/work/lab devices.
        
         | anotherevan wrote:
         | Honestly, this is the main reason1 I just haven't got into IoT
         | much as I love the idea in theory. I don't want an adversarial
         | relationship with the electronics I'm putting in the house, so
         | I just don't.
         | 
         | I want my IoT to work off-line with no talking to the Internet
         | unless I explicitly let it for some reason. I want it to
         | interoperate with other things and not just some shitty app on
         | my phone - I don't carry my phone with me around the house all
         | the time and it's a PITA anyway.
         | 
         | I could go the DIY route and bust out the soldering iron and
         | some ESPHome compatible chips, but that's not my passion and
         | life is too bloody short. And even if I did I'd still have
         | strong reservations doing DIY around the 240V AC mains power.
         | 
         | 1 That, and the first thing I'd automate is light switches2,
         | but the regulations around mains power wiring in Australia are
         | pretty stringent and the only AES certified IoT light switches
         | I've seen look like I would have and adversarial relationship
         | with and can only be controlled by a shitty app.
         | 
         | 2 Automating light bulbs themselves is a sub-optimal solution
         | in most circumstances, in my opinion. Perhaps if I wanted to
         | control the colour, but not for on, off and brightness. If I
         | did that it would just make me feel sad.
        
           | BHSPitMonkey wrote:
           | You can go far using only Zigbee or Z-Wave devices with a
           | Home Assistant server, and then nothing (but the server) has
           | to be networked.
           | 
           | As for switches vs. bulbs, at this point I can't go back to
           | the life I led before picking up a bunch of Hue White
           | Ambiance bulbs and having HA automatically adjust the color
           | temperature throughout the day.
        
             | anotherevan wrote:
             | Yeah colour temperature would be my rationale for smarter
             | bulbs as well.
        
       | geocrasher wrote:
       | WiFi is not only reasonable but preferable. Because if a cat5
       | cable is going to be ran, it'll be done by an electrician. And
       | when they get to the end of a spool, they will break out the wire
       | nuts and splice away. I've seen it first hand.
       | 
       | Not even electricians can screw up WiFi :D
        
         | neither_color wrote:
         | It's a little more expensive but it's always worth it to get a
         | low voltage specialist to run your ethernet. To an electrician
         | a conductor is just a conductor no matter how you splice it.
        
       | rPlayer6554 wrote:
       | This was an extremely well written article. It had me gripped in
       | the story. Thanks for posting!
        
       | neither_color wrote:
       | >More out of desperation than anything else, I decided to look at
       | sshd config of the host and finally found the offending line.
       | sshd_config had PermitRootLogin no line included, which is a very
       | sensible security measure as long as you are not providing a full
       | disk access to anyone on the network.
       | 
       | Enjoyed this article because I've wasted countless hours of my
       | own getting into devices I bought or poking around networks I've
       | airBnB'd at. I'm not as smart as the author but I found his whole
       | approach relatable.
        
       | girvo wrote:
       | > C in IoT stands for "cost-effective" I guess
       | 
       | I know this sounds pithy (and it is!) but you'd be surprised
       | exactly how cheap and cost effective Wi-fi enabled SoCs are. A
       | lot of the time we're getting Wi-Fi for free, and most of those
       | SoC's don't have the Ethernet controller by default, so it's more
       | cost-effective to use Wi-fi if it can fit your use-case.
       | 
       | Other physical protocols/connection types can be supported of
       | course (I wonder what the longest I2C run ever is), but when
       | you're talking about a retro-fitted client like this is, Wifi or
       | wireless protocols in general are best.
        
         | PeterisP wrote:
         | Purely from a materials perspective, 2x cheap WiFi-capable
         | microcontrollers (e.g. esp8266) will cost the manufacturer
         | something like $4-$5 total for both devices - which is
         | comparable to 3m cable+connectors+cheap chips to handle the
         | cable connection (even ignoring the cost of some person to
         | install the cable which is far more expensive than that) so
         | indeed I don't get why the author considers that doing the
         | connection over WiFi is somehow wasteful.
        
           | dijit wrote:
           | > so indeed I don't get why the author considers that doing
           | the connection over WiFi is somehow wasteful.
           | 
           | Power consumption.
           | 
           | Up front vs ongoing cost; the creators chose to minimise the
           | up-front cost in favour of a marginally higher ongoing cost.
        
             | urbandw311er wrote:
             | I'd be interested in crunching the numbers if I had time
             | because there can't be too much in the cost delta.
        
             | gabrielhidasy wrote:
             | Is it really a problem? An ESP8266 (which is not the most
             | efficient thing, but is very cheap) uses about 0.5W while
             | transmitting, much less most of the time.
             | 
             | For reference, I have some smart outlets that I measured
             | using a while ago, pulling about 0.05W on average from the
             | wall, or 36Wh a month. That's about as much energy as
             | making 500ml of coffee or charging a phone 2-3x.
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | not sure if its a problem in reality, radios are the
               | second most power consuming subsystem of my laptop at
               | idle. (first being screen due to the backlight).
        
         | paradox460 wrote:
         | ESP32s are basically universal at this point. You can have them
         | for under a dollar if you order in any sort of bulk, and you
         | get Wifi and Bluetooth right out of the box. At this point is
         | more expensive to not use Wifi
        
       | userbinator wrote:
       | Interesting article but one thing stood out:
       | 
       |  _The landlord had no idea what this is. There are no buttons or
       | labels on the thing, just a tiny yellow light to let you know it
       | has the power._
       | 
       | You move in and find a mysterious device on the wall that, at
       | least to me, appears somewhat ominous and it's not obvious
       | whether it may have a camera and possibly a microphone (the
       | picture of it on the manual appears to show that it does have at
       | least a camera)...
       | 
       |  _Roughly a year ago I moved into my new apartment._
       | 
       | ...and you were perfectly fine with living in its presence for a
       | year? When I saw the picture, my first thought was closer to
       | "that's a _telescreen_ ", and I'd certainly try to find out more
       | about it ASAP.
       | 
       |  _From what I can tell, this is an Android 5, but I am not
       | exactly sure._
       | 
       | I believe those icons are from 4.1-4.3 - Lines up with the Linux
       | kernel version being mid-2013. Android 5 was released in 2014.
        
         | UberFly wrote:
         | That was my first though as I read it. It would be disabled or
         | removed the first day.
        
         | NautilusWave wrote:
         | He hadn't read 1984
        
         | anigbrowl wrote:
         | _The landlord had no idea what this is._
         | 
         | Golgafrincham B Ark candidate detected.
        
           | madaxe_again wrote:
           | Hey, he might be an exceedingly skilled telephone sanitiser.
        
             | CPLX wrote:
             | Which, if you recall, turned out to be a bit of a linchpin
             | role.
        
           | tim333 wrote:
           | As a landlord this is quite common. You buy through an
           | estate, let through a letting agent and have very little idea
           | what gizmos are installed. Until maybe something packs up and
           | you have to pay for a new one.
        
             | wkjagt wrote:
             | The person showing them around might not even have been the
             | landlord.
        
         | lynguist wrote:
         | It should be Android 4.4 as per
         | https://android.stackexchange.com/questions/51651/which-andr...
         | 
         | Kernel 3.10 is used only for Android 4.4.
        
       | fortran77 wrote:
       | From the article:
       | 
       | > I am not an embedded Linux expert, but this does seem like a
       | lot after tinkering with Raspberry Pi Pico and such.
       | 
       | ...but of course the Pi Pico doesn't run Linux and doesn't need a
       | lot of memory
        
         | lynguist wrote:
         | Yes, the Pico cannot run an operating system as it has a -M
         | (microcontroller) processor and not an -A (application)
         | processor.
         | 
         | It has no MMU etc etc.
         | 
         | It is built to just run one process in essence with minuscule
         | amounts of RAM.
        
       | famicom0 wrote:
       | Probably a long shot, but would anyone happen to know the color
       | scheme used by the author in the snippet of Python code showing
       | an example of tcf-agent? I really like the mix of bold, italics,
       | underline and shading to achieve a distinct syntax highlighting
       | with such a limited color palette.
        
       | nurettin wrote:
       | I loved the final touch where they leave a note in a text file.
       | Feels much like the talos principle.
        
       | jonathanlydall wrote:
       | A few years ago I came to the realisation that if you want people
       | to be more environmentally conscious or economical in terms of
       | utility consumption, (electricity, water, gas, etc), they need
       | far better data than a single figure per month.
       | 
       | You want to be able to see usage to a resolution of at most 5
       | minutes.
       | 
       | That way people can spot things like "having my electric heater
       | on for those couple of hours used more electricity than all my
       | lights use for a month".
       | 
       | I have an inverter and solar panels in my place (very common now
       | in South Africa middle class homes due to unreliable electricity
       | producer) and I can see a full history of electricity usage.
       | 
       | It's easy for me to see where I can improve my efficiency or why
       | my consumption was so high.
       | 
       | It's still only an overall figure though, so you have to do an
       | informed assumption as to what caused the consumption.
       | 
       | For example it's obvious that the 3kw draw for about an hour or
       | so after I shower is the geyser heating itself back up. I can see
       | from the usage stats that my battery was depleted from the night,
       | that the solar production is still low due to my showering in the
       | early morning and that the energy was thus coming from the grid
       | (the inverter records all these figures).
       | 
       | It is then obvious that I can very simply save money on
       | electricity by putting a timer on my geyser so that it only heats
       | after 10am or so, once the sun is high enough for solar
       | production to cover the energy usage.
       | 
       | Now I just wish I had something as convenient for monitoring
       | water consumption.
        
         | isoprophlex wrote:
         | About water consumption: depending on your make of water meter,
         | there's often a small reflective wheel that turns eg. once for
         | every liter. Sometimes these are made out of metal or even
         | slightly magnetic. An arduino with an optical or Hall effect
         | sensor might get you real far in real time, high resolution
         | data collection!
         | 
         | Alternatively I've had success in wiring up a temperature probe
         | directly to the incoming water line, and comparing that
         | temperature to the ambient temperature. Where I live that works
         | because the water arrives from underground & is always much
         | cooler than ambient air. The time-integrated difference between
         | the two is a proxy for how much water you use... this is much
         | more involved to get meaningful data from, tho.
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | Edit: a proximity sensor that detects metal might be the most
         | straightforward thing, if you have a water meter with a
         | rotating metal gauge
         | https://www.alldatasheet.com/view.jsp?Searchword=LJ12A3-4-Z/...
        
           | cricalix wrote:
           | On mobile so hard to link, but memory says
           | OpenEnergyMonitor's docs site on pulse counters has a
           | computer vision approach too. Think it reads the numbers from
           | the display.
        
           | kjkjadksj wrote:
           | A lot of water meters these days have rfid for the water
           | company to scan so maybe you can just abrogate that directly
        
         | systemz wrote:
         | About monitoring water consumption, maybe using some webcam +
         | OCR would help to recognize reading of a water meter? Then Home
         | Assistant would be helpful to see charts with energy
         | consumption etc
        
           | tomqueue wrote:
           | This is what I am using for this exact purpose:
           | https://github.com/jomjol/AI-on-the-edge-device
        
         | 8n4vidtmkvmk wrote:
         | Something in my apartment is consuming a ton of power and I
         | don't know what. I would love a graph with a resolution better
         | than a day.
        
           | yread wrote:
           | Check the coffee machine. Full auto espresso machines can be
           | huge hogs
        
           | Jedd wrote:
           | Do you have a conventional HWS? These are notoriously power-
           | hungry, often poorly maintained and calibrated, and hard to
           | monitor.
           | 
           | You can buy a power meter plug - that sits between appliance
           | and socket - and work your way around almost all your
           | appliances apart from, typically, oven, air conditioner(s),
           | and hot water systems. For those you're going to need to
           | experiment by turning as many things off as you can, to
           | establish a baseline, and review your switch meter
           | periodically for short (several minute) intervals, with and
           | without the larger appliances turned on.
           | 
           | (You _can_ get induction coil systems to report usage of
           | these larger appliances, but they 're typically onerously
           | priced.)
        
             | cricalix wrote:
             | If you can isolate the legs of the larger appliances, a CT
             | clamp sensor is sufficient for an idea, and you can get
             | those as handheld meters with screen - or something you
             | plug into a microcontroller board and send the data to a
             | local collection system.
        
             | erhaetherth wrote:
             | What's an HWS? Hot water system...?
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | On mechanical blueprints, HWS is the acronym I see used
               | for hydronic heating, and DHW is what I see used for
               | domestic hot water. I'm unsure what the OP meant.
        
               | Jedd wrote:
               | Yes, sorry, hot water system.
        
           | jonathanlydall wrote:
           | If you're looking for something simple to try work it out, I
           | bought a smart plug a few years back which could record usage
           | for around 20USD, you can then move it between your devices
           | getting a sense of each's usage.
           | 
           | Long term tracking usage of individual device energy usage is
           | nice, but just knowing from past measurements how much a
           | device tends to use is already very useful.
        
             | dns_snek wrote:
             | If you're going to go down this route and aren't afraid of
             | a little DIY, then I'd highly recommend something that
             | doesn't depend on the cloud.
             | 
             | Either ESPhome- or Tasmota-based plugs are great if you
             | want fully local control (e.g. Athom, LocalBytes), or
             | Shelly for local-first control with an option of connecting
             | to their cloud.
             | 
             | Mostly everything else will lock you into the
             | manufacturer's app & cloud. Zigbee is fully local too, but
             | it requires additional hardware.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Need to pop the cover off the main breaker panel and use a
           | clamp-type current meter to see which circuit(s) are using
           | power.
           | 
           | Or hire an electrician to do it, if you aren't totally
           | confident in your ability to do that safely.
        
             | erhaetherth wrote:
             | Didn't know that was possible. I think I'd be too afraid.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Electrician can do it for you.
               | 
               | Entirely reasonable to be quite afraid of it - it's a
               | good way to get killed if you aren't very experienced
               | around somewhat high voltages (240v).
        
         | ako wrote:
         | Depending on your water meter this device may be useful:
         | https://www.homewizard.com/watermeter/
        
         | bradley13 wrote:
         | Being able to see your usage is helpful - at least, for those
         | of us interested.
         | 
         | For example, I was surprised to see how much our electronics
         | (stereo, amplifier, TV, etc.) in the living room use, even when
         | off (some devices are older, with high standby currents). It
         | motivated me to put everything on a timer that only turns power
         | own in the evenings, since that's the only time they get used.
         | 
         | It's a small thing, but small things add up.
        
           | calvinmorrison wrote:
           | Not when you're on solar. Its more akin to being poor and
           | shopping at dollar tree - cash/solar flow is more important
           | than total cost.
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | Yeah we were away from home recently and it was interesting
           | to see that with everything "off" we were still using a
           | constant 200W or so, so even with no one home we used just
           | over 4kWh each day. 120kWh each month just for "idle" usage
           | definitely is not trivial amount of money, at current prices
           | that's PS20!
        
             | dzhiurgis wrote:
             | Half of that is fridge which at 10 quid a month is cheap.
             | Then another 20w for wifi router which again, looking at
             | what you pay to your ISP is nothing.
             | 
             | So you got 8 pounds to account for which at UKs minimum
             | wage is about 1 hours worth of work?
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | That's a weird point to make - I'm just saying 120kWh a
               | month for a house with no one in it and just some basic
               | appliances and network equipment is a LOT - in developing
               | countries 120kWh would be the average energy consumption
               | of the entire house with people living in it, and we just
               | "waste" that because I couldn't be bothered to switch off
               | some devices in my house. It's not about whether I can
               | afford it or not.
        
               | robinsonb5 wrote:
               | For comparison, I live alone in a mid-terraced 2-bedroom
               | house in the UK, heated with gas - and I'm currently
               | there most of the time. My monthly electricity usage is
               | about 180kWh a month.
               | 
               | I'm guessing a big chunk of the 60kWh I'm using over your
               | baseline is the kettle! :D
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Uhm. We have a 3 bed semi detached house, my consumption
               | for November was 1267kWh of electricity. In October it
               | was 1148kWh. And I also heat with gas(well we have a
               | minisplit upstairs that we sometimes use for heat, but it
               | uses like 5kWh/day max)
               | 
               | No idea how you use so little lol.
        
               | dzhiurgis wrote:
               | We vs I makes all the difference.
               | 
               | We (2 adults, 2 seniors, 2 small kids) blow thru 350-400
               | kWh on hot water alone. Another 500-600 kwh on car.
               | Remaining 300-400kwh is cooking, lighting, tech, etc.
               | Same average 1200kwh per month.
               | 
               | Take the car away and it's same 175kwh per month per
               | person (summer here so no heating needed).
        
               | robinsonb5 wrote:
               | It does indeed. Also I use gas for both hot water and
               | cooking - and keep the ambient temperature relatively
               | low, so the fridge and freezer aren't fighting the
               | heating.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | That's very high. Has a neighbour plugged their car into
               | your outside socket? Underfloor electric heating in the
               | bathroom? Someone using that minisplit more than you
               | think?
               | 
               | Average monthly use a house like that in Britain is
               | 225kWh.
               | 
               | https://www.ofgem.gov.uk/information-consumers/energy-
               | advice...
        
               | nkurz wrote:
               | Interesting numbers. My first instinct was that you might
               | be reading it wrong, but you seem to be completely
               | correct. The average use for the US is usually claimed to
               | be about 4x that at 880kWh/month:
               | https://www.energybot.com/blog/average-energy-
               | consumption.ht...
               | 
               | I think the main difference is the prevalence of electric
               | heating and cooling in different countries. We have a
               | ~1400 sq ft old house in Vermont with wood heat and no
               | air conditioning, and use about 250 kWh many months,
               | although this jumps about 50% if we plug in an outdoor
               | hot tub in the winter.
               | 
               | Our personal usage is probably dominated by an electric
               | heat pump water heater. Do the British numbers typically
               | include hot water, or is this usually gas? Also, what is
               | the "multi-rate" line in the page you link, and why is
               | this average higher? And how many people choose that?
        
               | robinsonb5 wrote:
               | Multi-rate is when energy's cheaper during off-peak hours
               | - traditionally used with night storage heaters, which is
               | why the average usage would be higher; it's more likely
               | to be used where gas isn't available.
               | 
               | "Economy 7" has existed for decades, and allows a sub-
               | circuit of the house to be energised only between roughly
               | midnight and 7am (with an offset for each house to avoid
               | the grid collapsing when 10 million storage heaters turn
               | on simultaneously!)
               | 
               | Typically the cheap rate energy would be between a half
               | and a third of the day-rate energy.
        
               | dzhiurgis wrote:
               | But in developing countries thats exactly what you would
               | use power for - internet, minimal LED lighting and
               | refrigeration. If you are lucky you got AC on, but that
               | will blow thru 120kwh in a day.
        
           | wolpoli wrote:
           | > It motivated me to put everything on a timer that only
           | turns power own in the evenings, since that's the only time
           | they get used.
           | 
           | I was surprised to learn that a timer itself also uses power.
           | I borrowed a Kill-a-watt from the library and found that an 2
           | decades old timer uses 2.3W while a newer one uses 0.6W. That
           | tells me that I should just keep the old timer for the rare
           | occasions.
        
         | failingslowly wrote:
         | > if you want people to be more environmentally conscious [...]
         | they need far better data
         | 
         | This is one of the reasons all UK homes are being fitted for
         | free with smart meters. (There are others, such as enabling
         | better grid control.)
         | 
         | > You want to be able to see usage to a resolution of at most 5
         | minutes.
         | 
         | My one updates every few seconds and has a set of traffic light
         | LEDs at the bottom giving a visible guide to energy use.
         | 
         | https://www.edfenergy.com/smart-meters/using-a-smart-meter/c...
        
           | gambiting wrote:
           | We have one as well, but since we're on a variable rate
           | tariff(Octopus Tracker) it's completely useless - it doesn't
           | know the current electricity/gas price, it seems to receive
           | rate updates from the network about once every few weeks - so
           | the numbers it displays are just wrong.
           | 
           | I've made my own little Raspberry Pico display that queries
           | today's energy prices and shows those, but I have not been
           | able to show today's energy consumption alongside(and
           | therefore show the day's cost so far). Octopus provides an
           | API to query the kWh used....but only for the last day. I
           | even got their little Octopus Mini that broadcasts live usage
           | to their app but I have not been able to query the live data
           | from it from my raspberry, I don't have the necessary skills
           | in web technologies to do that unfortunately :-(
        
             | Angostura wrote:
             | If you use Home Assistant on the Pi there is an Octopus
             | integration that you might find handy. It even works with
             | the Octopus Mini
             | 
             | https://bottlecapdave.github.io/HomeAssistant-
             | OctopusEnergy/
             | 
             | Hope this is useful
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Ooooooh thanks that is actually super useful - had no
               | idea this existed! Thank you!
        
             | maccard wrote:
             | Mine comes with a display that shows live usage by energy
             | rather than price. The octopus app shows my usage for
             | yesterday in PS for octopus tracker, broken down into 30m
             | increments.
        
           | verisimi wrote:
           | The consumer element is the sugar to help the masses swallow
           | the pill. If it was just about the consumer, the unit would
           | never report its findings back to base. But blurting back
           | your information is integral to, well, all smart devices.
           | That is the point.
           | 
           | Once the government has that info, it will be able to come up
           | with bespoke taxes for you according to what it ordains as
           | fair use. 'Your showers are too long', 'your toolshed is too
           | big a draw on the electric' therefore 'you need to buy carbon
           | credits to offset the environmental damage you are causing'.
           | 
           | It's the slow descent to greater tyranny, and loss of
           | personal control. It's amazing that people put up with it,
           | but a slight discount in the short term, or visibility of
           | your own data, is probably enough to get most people to
           | accept spying infrastructure in their lives forever.
        
             | gambiting wrote:
             | I don't understand your point - these meters only report
             | your overal usage, not _what_ is using the energy /water.
             | It's letting you skip the step where you manually upload
             | the reads every couple months or whatever, or worse, where
             | the energy company employee has to visit your house to read
             | them in person. Why does it matter if I upload my meter
             | reads to my provider every month or if the device reports
             | it automatically? The end result is the same.
             | 
             | (At least that's how it works in the UK - the "smart"
             | meters don't report live usage back to providers, they just
             | submit kWh reads, the live readout is local device only)
        
               | userbinator wrote:
               | _the "smart" meters don't report live usage back to
               | providers_
               | 
               | Either they can be easily upgraded to do that, or they
               | already are and the energy company merely gives you the
               | total every month to maintain the impression that they
               | aren't.
               | 
               | If the meter-reader needs to visit periodically, you know
               | with much greater certainty that they aren't gathering
               | live data.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >>Either they can be easily upgraded to do that
               | 
               | I mean no offence, but you are literally just guessing
               | and not talking about technologies that people have in
               | their houses. The smart meters here in UK, the latest
               | SMET2 standard ones, cannot broadcast live data back to
               | the grid because they simply don't have the bandwidth to
               | do so, they use low frequency communication back to the
               | area controller and they can barely report the kWh number
               | roughly every hour or so. The live communication with the
               | display you have in your house is done over ZigBee and
               | unless the energy company parks the van outside of your
               | house to get those reads, they aren't getting them.
               | 
               | Like, your points about surveilance are true, sure - but
               | they address an imaginary situation you built in your
               | head, not the actual technical solution that exists in
               | the real world.
               | 
               | >>If the meter-reader needs to visit periodically, you
               | know with much greater certainty that they aren't
               | gathering live data.
               | 
               | Yeah and I need to let them into my house, which to me
               | personally is a far greater invasion of my privacy than
               | my meter automatically uploading kWh numbers to the grid.
               | 
               | Also just as a general remark - on HN I think people are
               | likely to divide into two groups - nerds who want ALL the
               | data and they would gladly upload live data to an online
               | system if they could just so they could monitor it live,
               | and people who think _any_ IoT functionality is a massive
               | invasion of privacy and that it 's some greater ploy by
               | government to control you. The truth - as always - is
               | somewhere in the middle.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Maybe your installation is different, but usually the
               | _electricity_ meter uses normal GPRS to talk to the
               | electricity company. They literally have SIM cards
               | inside.
               | 
               | The low energy 'HAN' stuff is used for the _gas_ meter,
               | so it can run for 10 years on a battery, allowing it to
               | be installed without installing wired power. The
               | electricity meter has plenty of electricity available, so
               | it acts as a bridge. The portable screen thingy also uses
               | the  'HAN'.
               | 
               | However, it's pretty clear the policy intent isn't _only_
               | to let people monitor their usage. If that was all that
               | was needed, there are much cheaper options designed for
               | consumer self-install. Why did they go for the much more
               | expensive and inconvenient smart meter+gprs option, if
               | not to enable time-of-use tariffs?
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Is that in the UK or somewhere else?
               | 
               | >>However, it's pretty clear the policy intent isn't only
               | to let people monitor their usage.
               | 
               | Of course - but I contest OP's claim that it has enough
               | granularity to tell you that you're showering too much or
               | that your tool shed uses too much energy - it doesn't
               | allow that in the slightest.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | In the UK, yes.
               | 
               | You can see a UK smart meter being taken apart here [1]
               | with the GPRS module shown at around the 2 minute mark.
               | And you can look at meter datasheets [2] which list GPRS
               | WAN as a feature.
               | 
               | Smart meters often send a reading every 30 minutes. Some
               | energy companies will then show a breakdown on their
               | website that _purports_ to show how much you 're spending
               | on lighting, fridges, appliances and things like that
               | [3].
               | 
               | I suspect they use a lot of guesswork to arrive at that
               | breakdown, given the limited input data. Although it's
               | probably fairly easy to recognise certain multi-hour-and-
               | distinctively-large loads, like EV charging and heat
               | pumps.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=G32NYQpvy8Q [2]
               | https://www.securemeters.com/sea/wp-
               | content/uploads/sites/15... [3]
               | https://imgur.com/a/L0xwWEo
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | > Maybe your installation is different, but usually the
               | electricity meter uses normal GPRS to talk to the
               | electricity company. They literally have SIM cards
               | inside.
               | 
               | Where? In France the devices, called Linky and
               | manufactured to a common standard by a few different
               | companies, and mandatory, communicate via the grid itself
               | over the CPL protocol. There are no SIM cards inside, and
               | thankfully, lunatics have been suing to refuse to get
               | their meter upgraded to Linky "BECAUSE WAVES 5G COVID
               | CHIPS" bullshit which doesn't have any basis in reality.
        
               | CaptainMarvel wrote:
               | I mean no offence, but you are literally just guessing
               | and not talking about technologies that people have in
               | their houses.
               | 
               | Hilarious that I'm sending your own words back to you.
               | 
               | I worked at an energy supplier. I saw minutely energy
               | readings from customers with my own eyes. It was a lot of
               | data!
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >>Hilarious that I'm sending your own words back to you.
               | 
               | I don't know if it's hilarious, more like unhelpful at
               | best, rude at worst .
               | 
               | >>I saw minutely energy readings from customers with my
               | own eyes. It was a lot of data
               | 
               | It wasn't "live" data though, was it? Just a breakdown of
               | usage per-minute, but uploaded in batches, right? And
               | which energy supplier was that? Because with Octopus you
               | can only get live data by installing an extra(and
               | optional) device called Octopus mini, their SMET2 meters
               | have no such capability.
        
               | CaptainMarvel wrote:
               | That's not quite right. All new smart meters have the
               | ability to report electricity usage minute-by-minute.
               | 
               | You _currently_ have the choice to only report month-by-
               | month, by kindly asking them to only do that. However, I
               | agree with verisimi, and I believe that it's only a
               | matter of time before the government via energy suppliers
               | can monitor your real time electricity usage.
               | 
               | It'll be dressed up, of course, as being in your best
               | interest, but you won't have a choice. Smart meters were
               | sold as being beneficial for customers, but in reality
               | they take power away from people and consolidate it in
               | energy suppliers.
               | 
               | At the most basic level this is a history of when you are
               | at home or not.
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | >>but in reality they take power away from people and
               | consolidate it in energy suppliers.
               | 
               | What kind of power did you have before the introduction
               | of smart meters, exactly?
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | The power to not have someone know if you're at home and
               | how much electricity you're using at any given moment -
               | and for any given moment over an arbitrary period in the
               | past I guess?
        
             | ZeroGravitas wrote:
             | Fossil fuel interests have really rotted a lot of minds
             | with their propaganda.
             | 
             | In some ways this may turn out to be a bigger crime than
             | the carbon issues you think are just a conspiracy to
             | control shower length.
        
               | concordDance wrote:
               | I don't think this is fair to him. He's not alleging
               | carbon stuff is a conspiracy to control shower length,
               | merely that moralizers will want to control everything
               | they see as "waste".
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | Rotting minds, really?
        
               | ZeroGravitas wrote:
               | If someone close to me said that they fear an
               | authoritarian government because the length of their
               | showers might be curtailed, or the power draw of their
               | shed might be outlawed, I'd be genuinely worried about
               | their mental health.
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | > close to me said
               | 
               | Public forum though. No one has seen a psychologist
               | because a text box intervened about their "rotting
               | [brain]".
        
             | beebeepka wrote:
             | > Once the government has that info, it will be able to
             | come up with bespoke taxes for you according to what it
             | ordains as fair use. 'Your showers are too long', 'your
             | toolshed is too big a draw on the electric' therefore 'you
             | need to buy carbon credits to offset the environmental
             | damage you are causing'.
             | 
             | I am very conflicted. Deeply share your concerns regarding
             | misuse of such info. It will be used as a weapon. But I am
             | totally in favour of making wasters pay up, and not just
             | fixed amounts.
             | 
             | I hate wasting resources.
        
               | concordDance wrote:
               | "Waster" isn't really a coherent concept when taken
               | outside of an individual's value system. What might be
               | waste for one person might simply be a sensible use of
               | resources for another.
               | 
               | Doing for a drive to the countryside for a walk? Having a
               | long and relaxing bath? Go-karting? Using a heated pool?
               | Keeping the heater on a single house-level timer so they
               | don't have to think about it rather than planning ahead
               | what rooms they will be in later?
               | 
               | Everyone will have a different place they draw the
               | "waste" vs sensible expenditure line.
               | 
               | The correct economic solution to this is CO2-offsetting
               | taxes and letting each individual decide how they want to
               | spend their resources. Trying to centrally plan for a
               | hundred million diverse people with different things they
               | like and care about is a recipe for unneeded misery.
        
               | hgomersall wrote:
               | Taxes just push the problem into poor people. If you want
               | a fair solution we should have carbon/resource rationing.
               | In fact, I'd prefer a solution in which the governments
               | work hard (much harder than they are) to bootstrap the
               | brave new world so everyone can benefit from a
               | sustainable world.
        
               | concordDance wrote:
               | Rationing is ridiculously inefficient.
               | 
               | People's desire for heavily carbon consuming things vs
               | lightly carbon consuming things varies massively. If
               | you're worried about the poor don't ignore the
               | externalities of their consumption but subsidise them
               | directly via UBI or somesuch.
               | 
               | Rationing is a very worst of all possible worlds
               | solution, losing you all the benefits of trade.
        
               | hgomersall wrote:
               | We don't want trade. We want people to reduce their
               | carbon consumption. In any case, you could always allow
               | trading of rations.
        
               | userbinator wrote:
               | _You_ do. Many others don 't.
        
               | concordDance wrote:
               | > We want people to reduce their carbon consumption
               | 
               | Remember that this isn't the end goal. What we want is
               | not to feel the effects of releasing CO2.
               | 
               | A CO2 tax that costs as much as it costs to mitigate the
               | effects of that CO2 release reduces CO2 production to
               | exactly the amount its worth emitting. Rationing means
               | you either get more or less CO2 than this number.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | _Just as a thought exercise, if anything was possible:_
               | 
               | UBI seems to work towards the goal of making sure people
               | don't die due to lack of resources (it is a basic income,
               | after all). It's less clear how it works towards the goal
               | of reducing carbon emissions.
               | 
               | Rationing, on the other hand, has the potential: Natural
               | resources (publicly owned ones anyways), and perhaps
               | natural limits like how much CO2 the skies can take, are
               | collectively owned by the people. So it could make sense
               | to distribute those amongst the people. The people could
               | then sell them in a free(r) market. This means we can
               | work towards both goals at once: Those seeking to pollute
               | more, could simply buy the carbon credits from their
               | fellow people, who can now better afford to live. And, at
               | the same time, total pollution is capped-ish, depending
               | on the scheme.
               | 
               | As a fun note, UBI is just rationing out the available
               | funds for UBI, so it would suffer from any rationing-
               | specific failings that carbon rationing would suffer
               | from.
        
               | concordDance wrote:
               | A tradeable carbon rationing is indeed equivalent to a
               | UBI, but with side effects. In particular, if the market
               | is efficient then the consumption of CO2 credits will
               | exactly equal production, but the price will be unrelated
               | to the actual externality cost or mitigation cost of the
               | marginal CO2 release. So you either get more CO2 released
               | than you would with an externality tax or you get less
               | CO2 released than you should given that you can mitigate
               | against that particular CO2 release.
               | 
               | Ideally you'd have credits being available for purchase
               | at prices that correspond to the costs of mitigating
               | their externalities (CO2 emission is not in and of itself
               | evil, its the consequences that we don't want).
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | _> A tradeable carbon rationing is indeed equivalent to a
               | UBI_
               | 
               | On the contrary -- I was saying it was _not_ equivalent,
               | because it also works towards the goal of reducing CO2
               | consumption, whereas I can 't imagine how a UBI would do
               | so.
               | 
               |  _> if the market is efficient then the consumption of
               | CO2 credits will exactly equal production_
               | 
               | The carbon credits I am imagining would not be _"
               | produced"_ per se -- they would, in total, represent the
               | total amount of carbon we as a country want to emit, to
               | reduce climate disaster, allocated equally to each
               | individual, who all collectively "own" that natural
               | limit. Those individuals can then sell their _"
               | contribution ration"_ to companies which wish to emit
               | more than the CO2 allocated individually to their CEO, or
               | whatever. So ideally credits will be available for
               | purchase by the CEO, at whatever rate the CEO's fellow
               | people are willing to charge the CEO. Mitigations will
               | need to be done by humanity regardless, or else.
        
               | concordDance wrote:
               | > total amount of carbon we as a country want to emit
               | 
               | And my point above was that this is not a single number.
               | It varies depending on what we want to use the CO2
               | emitting stuff for.
        
               | ImPostingOnHN wrote:
               | My point was, maybe it _is_ a single number! It 's
               | whatever We The People decide, and it doesn't vary: a ton
               | of CO2 released into the air does the same damage no
               | matter what released it. You could spend it saving
               | orphans, and it wouldn't make the CO2 heat the planet any
               | less, and it wouldn't remove the need to find a new way
               | to save orphans that doesn't emit CO2.
               | 
               | Indeed, examining the quote below...
               | 
               |  _> So you either get more CO2 released than you would
               | with an externality tax or you get less CO2 released than
               | you should given that you can mitigate against that
               | particular CO2 release_
               | 
               | ...it 's easy to miss the point that there's no such
               | thing as _" less CO2 released than you should"_ because
               | the amount we _should_ is negative: not only should we be
               | emitting zero (not _net_ zero, _literally_ zero), and
               | then we must do the mitigations _on top_ of that.
               | 
               | In short, we've tried the existing carbon credit scheme
               | _without_ rationing the available credits, and it hasn 't
               | worked to achieve the goal. We need to try something
               | different now.
        
               | CaptainMarvel wrote:
               | It's up to individuals to decide if they are wasting
               | their own resources. Everyone has a different
               | perspective. Personally, I think SUVs are a waste and
               | should be banned, but wouldn't that be overreaching?
               | 
               | Individuals don't pay for their waste when they aren't
               | paying for negative externalities.
               | 
               | That's why a carbon tax is a better solution - it ensures
               | people are paying the true price for a resource. Let
               | people decide their own life after that, they'll do a
               | better of job of it than someone else deciding their life
               | for them.
               | 
               | (You probably need more than just a carbon tax to fairly
               | price the resource. For example, mining fossil fuels
               | causes health issues for workers, and impacts the local
               | environment.
        
               | beebeepka wrote:
               | It's a slippery slope for sure but you have to draw the
               | line somewhere.
               | 
               | For example, if there's a water shortage and someone
               | decides they can afford (financially) to use as much as
               | they please, that's not going to end well.
               | 
               | I don't quite understand the obsession with carbon. Not
               | everything can be mapped to carbon without some mental
               | gymnastics.
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | We're all (well you know) a bunch of primates who travel
               | from single home suburbs in metal boxes in order to work
               | in front of a screen. Going around worrying about who
               | waters their lawn the most excessively[1] is largely a
               | waste of time.
               | 
               | There are exceptions though for things like droughts. But
               | largely this goes beyond this obsession with looking over
               | each other's hedges (digitally or actually).
               | 
               | [1] Because the agricultural lobby would like to redirect
               | the focus _from them_ to random suburbanites (see
               | California).
        
             | concordDance wrote:
             | > Once the government has that info, it will be able to
             | come up with bespoke taxes for you according to what it
             | ordains as fair use. 'Your showers are too long', 'your
             | toolshed is too big a draw on the electric' therefore 'you
             | need to buy carbon credits to offset the environmental
             | damage you are causing'.
             | 
             | This is likely to happen and is economically awful (far
             | better to have constant carbon taxes), but it will be done
             | because the majority supports it, not due to some
             | government plot against the people.
        
               | smolder wrote:
               | Elected officials get into office with majority support
               | of a constituency, but that's very far away from the
               | majority of people supporting their collective actions
               | while in office. In the US, politicians do what money
               | wants them to, not voters. Consent of voters is often
               | manufactured and misinformed.
        
             | autoexec wrote:
             | You don't even have to worry about the government (it seems
             | unlikely that most of us will see a "10min showers only"
             | law anytime soon), but it's usually private companies
             | collecting and selling the data and they're happy to use
             | that data against you in any way that they can.
        
           | jonathanlydall wrote:
           | As evidenced by the article, the problem is that some of
           | these devices within less than 10 years can become
           | essentially bricks.
           | 
           | I think these devices must be required to send the data to
           | the utility company and the utility company must be forced to
           | make the data easily accessible in a standard format so that
           | independent analysis is trivially possible.
           | 
           | This way you don't have a situation where a device
           | manufacturer goes out of business and the capability to
           | monitor is lost.
        
             | JW_00000 wrote:
             | At least in the EU (don't know about the UK), currently
             | these sort of devices are installed by the government. They
             | are replacement of the previous analog meters. In Belgium,
             | they report the data to the (public) electricity grid
             | company, which then forwards the data to your (private)
             | electricity company. They are much simpler than the device
             | in the article (no JavaScript or SSH access). They will
             | surely last for more than 10 years given the investment the
             | government is putting in. (I think roll-out started like 7
             | years ago and is expected to be finished around 2030 in
             | Belgium.)
        
               | sofixa wrote:
               | Same in France, the meters report _via the grid_ to the
               | grid operator, which is a public utility and shares your
               | usage data with the (public or private) electricity
               | company from which you buy your electricity. They have a
               | local physical port with an open spec (and e.g. I have a
               | device that connects to it and shares the usage data live
               | over Zigbee for my Home Assistant), and there are ways of
               | getting the data over an API from either the public
               | utility or the electricity company which are more or less
               | complex depending on the entity.
        
             | Qwertious wrote:
             | >As evidenced by the article, the problem is that some of
             | these devices within less than 10 years can become
             | essentially bricks.
             | 
             | >I think these devices must be required to send the data to
             | the utility company and the utility company must be forced
             | to make the data easily accessible in a standard format so
             | that independent analysis is trivially possible.
             | 
             | The core problem is that these devices are garbage, and
             | nobody cares. I don't mean that scornfully, I'm saying
             | these devices are way over-provisioned and yet are
             | unreliable anyway because they are very carelessly
             | designed, and nobody cares because 1) they have no economic
             | incentive to care, and 2) in the software world it's
             | _normal_ for cheap devices to fail within 10 years, and the
             | people who refuse to accept this norm have no recourse
             | except building their own piece of electronics (i.e. take
             | up a hobby).
             | 
             | Demanding they provide the data 'in a standard format' lets
             | us put lipstick on the pig, it doesn't actually solve the
             | core problem of the device being a piece of shit.
        
             | andrewaylett wrote:
             | In the UK, there are three (or four, depending on how you
             | count them) types of device associated with smart meters.
             | 
             | Electricity meters are designed to last, and contain a
             | radio that lets them communicate use to the distributor.
             | What type of radio depends on where in the country you are.
             | 
             | The Gas meter is battery powered, and tries to send data to
             | the electricity meter every half hour, over Zigbee. This
             | works better for some than for others.
             | 
             | Then there's the in-home display, you get one with the
             | meter but it's not required for reporting -- it's purely a
             | display. At some point between the meter being installed
             | and us moving in the one that goes with our house went
             | walkabout, so we don't have one. Except we actually sort-of
             | have two: our supplier makes a small box (with an ESP32 in
             | it) that sends them near-realtime data (and also, happily,
             | completes the otherwise-unreliable Zigbee mesh because the
             | junk I have in the garage blocks the signal) and before
             | that arrived I got a Hildebrand Glow, which talks MQTT to
             | my Home Assistant.
             | 
             | The electricity meter receives the current price if it's a
             | normal non-dynamic price, and the Glow can read that, but
             | can also cope with Octopus Agile with its half-hourly
             | pricing because it's able to fetch that data over the
             | Internet.
             | 
             | The raw metering data isn't _quite_ available to everyone
             | in open formats, but there are procedures that one may go
             | through to be able to receive data and at least one company
             | then makes that data available to the consumer. It 's not
             | as fine-grained as the data available on the local Zigbee
             | mesh, which is why those same companies also sell hardware
             | that'll join said mesh. Unfortunately the mesh isn't open
             | for use by arbitrary hardware.
             | 
             | You can _also_ get random monitoring devices that sit on
             | the consumer side of the meter and give you whatever
             | capabilities you buy, and it sounds like the article is an
             | example of one of those, rather than of a smart meter. The
             | author would probably be better off with an actual smart
             | meter, if that 's an option.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | I have one here in Bucharest and, while fancy, as in it blips
           | a red light when the power consumptions is higher than usual,
           | it doesn't help me at all.
           | 
           | As in, yeah, running the washing machine is power consuming,
           | I knew that, and the same goes for the electric oven or for
           | the vacuum cleaner, but what am I supposed to do with that
           | information? Not wash my clothes anymore? Not using the oven?
           | Leaving dust all over the place for longer?
        
           | albert180 wrote:
           | Your Grid is operated by the french government? Is there some
           | infrastructure you haven't sold out abroad
        
             | waiwai933 wrote:
             | The UK energy market is complicated.
             | 
             | The high-voltage transmission grid is operated by National
             | Grid, which is a British company. Distribution to end-users
             | is operated at a regional level by one of six* Distribution
             | Network Operators [1], three of which are British-owned.
             | 
             | Consumers can purchase electricity from any electricity
             | supplier that is willing to sell to them. Naturally, since
             | it all goes into one grid, suppliers are responsible for
             | ensuring that they purchase from generators and sell to
             | consumers an equal amount of electricity. EDF is one of
             | several suppliers in the market. (There were many more
             | until energy prices rose following the Russian invasion of
             | Ukraine and many suppliers collapsed.)
             | 
             | The gas distribution system works similarly, but I'm not
             | familiar with the details.
             | 
             | * It's slightly more complicated, but it rounds to six.
             | 
             | [1]:
             | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distribution_network_operator
        
         | cjfd wrote:
         | Sounds pretty good as such. The worry to have these days,
         | though, is if we can also get this without energy usage data
         | being traded between all sorts of shady companies and/or
         | criminal organizations.
        
           | verisimi wrote:
           | > shady companies and/or criminal organizations.
           | 
           | You mean energy companies and governments?
        
             | oarsinsync wrote:
             | There was a report recently that Facebook users have their
             | data sold to 1000-5000 companies, and Facebook takes input
             | from up to 100k companies when compiling data on people.
             | 
             | Supermarkets are also into the data game, exploiting the
             | gold mine of data that is shopper loyalty cards.
             | 
             | Smart TVs are in the data game, selling details of what
             | you're watching on to other people.
             | 
             | Cars are recording visuals, audio, telemetry, and selling
             | that on.
             | 
             | I think it's reasonable to assume that energy companies are
             | selling the data they're collecting about you onto data
             | brokers (aka shady companies and/or criminal organisations)
        
           | mtsr wrote:
           | Home Assistant with a connector for whatever smart meter you
           | have will happily do this for you without the data ever
           | leaving your home.
        
         | lloeki wrote:
         | Per device energy tallies also give you interesting data.
         | 
         | Home Assistant can do that in the Energy dashboard, and you can
         | answer questions/learn surprising things, like how much energy
         | my "rack" (UPS+mac mini+5 disk bay+a few other things) actually
         | uses vs e.g my fridge or my washing machine, or my desk compute
         | actually is quite low but boy does the screen costs a lot when
         | active, or what does charging the electric bike costs, or
         | what's the effect of setting thermostat to 19 instead of 20 in
         | winter, or oh wow in summer this fan that we use a lot to make
         | things bearable actually ends up using as much energy as our
         | water heater!
         | 
         | (power measurements are done using Shelly Plug Plus S + 3EM +
         | 4PM devices, thermal measurements using Shelly H&T Plus)
        
           | nijave wrote:
           | > like how much energy my "rack" (UPS+mac mini+5 disk bay+a
           | few other things) actually uses
           | 
           | I find it better to remain ignorant in that regard. Jokes
           | aside, it's also interesting seeing wall draw vs UPS draw vs
           | PSU draw if each piece of your equipment supports that.
           | 
           | The Shelly stuff is also quite fun to play with (I recommend
           | a AC adapter for H&T). I have the little black spherical
           | sensors and the data resolution is significantly worse on
           | battery since it tries to sleep in low power state as much as
           | possible. It's fun to see the server cabinet (mine's
           | enclosed) vs room vs different room temps. You can also see
           | when the HVAC cycles on and off and when someone takes a
           | shower (humidity spikes).
        
         | stdbrouw wrote:
         | Your experience also points to the limits of monitoring and
         | subsequent behavioral change, though. I mean, yeah, it might
         | prompt you to start your washing machine a bit earlier or a bit
         | later to align with high production by your solar panels... but
         | how much consumption can you really move around like that, and
         | how many energy hogs can you just decide to not use? If you
         | notice high energy use while cooking, are you going to start
         | eating more salads instead? Across Europe electricity meters
         | are being replaced by smart meters and people are really hyping
         | up the advantages of being able to continuously monitor your
         | energy usage, but I think the jury is still out whether it'll
         | actually lead to significant energy savings.
         | 
         | Ultimately the biggest wins are when big appliances and
         | heating/cooling respond to self-production or take advantage of
         | times when electricity is cheap (if you're on a per-hour or
         | per-day dynamic contract), whether that's with a simple timer
         | like the one you installed, a relay that shuts down heating
         | when you're cooking or something fancier like a Fronius
         | Ohmpilot [1] that tweaks heating power to exactly match PV
         | (over)production.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.fronius.com/en/solar-energy/installers-
         | partners/...
        
           | jonathanlydall wrote:
           | Agree completely.
           | 
           | However, knowing that a particular device is bad means that
           | when I eventually need to replace it in the future, I will
           | also factor in energy efficiency and features such as it
           | being able to check energy prices in my purchasing decision.
        
           | helsinkiandrew wrote:
           | There's been a few simple experiments in the UK - where
           | consumers have been encouraged to reduce usage at peak time
           | that have been successful. But as you say its going to need
           | the appliances to support it. Everything needs a "Get this
           | done by X o'clock" whether thats a dishwasher/washing
           | machine/car charger.
           | 
           | https://www.theguardian.com/money/2023/jan/23/households-
           | gre...
        
             | Angostura wrote:
             | I'm on Octopus Agile in the UK which offers pricing in 30
             | minute increments.
             | 
             | I'm lucky in that I have a small solar panel setup (3kW)
             | and battery system (5kWh) to go with it. With this battery
             | set-up you really don't need appliance support - most of
             | the advantages are accrued by force-charging the batteries
             | to avoid mains usage at the peak cost period (usually
             | around 5pm-7pm).
             | 
             | I also have a few smart plugs which turn things on and off
             | based on the current price and battery charge - using Home
             | Assistant, but that's mainly me just nerding about. Handy
             | when prices go negative, though and my electric immersion
             | heater goes on to heat my hot water tank
             | 
             | Notably Octopus is working on taking much of the complexity
             | away. There is now an opt-in service for certain battery
             | makes where Octopus will take control of the battery
             | charginng and discharging, to minimise your bill. It will
             | even generate you money by doing a force charge and
             | discharge when the grid is paying premium amounts
        
               | srmarm wrote:
               | Your battery usage sounds exactly like the kind of
               | behaviour they're trying to encourage but which aren't
               | apparent to most people without an interest in these
               | things so you left with the energy monitor which is
               | really just a nice bonus to the system rather but is
               | tangible to the lay person.
               | 
               | Of course the very real benefits of this can be abused by
               | the gov and there are some conspiracy types using that to
               | push their own agenda but on the whole I'm largely
               | positive about the smart grid stuff.
        
               | flagrant_taco wrote:
               | > Of course the very real benefits of this can be abused
               | by the gov and there are some conspiracy types using that
               | to push their own agenda but on the whole I'm largely
               | positive about the smart grid stuff.
               | 
               | There is usually a bigger of truth behind conspiracy
               | theories. In this case there may be no reason to think
               | the initial goal is to control what people are allowed to
               | use energy for, but smart grid initiatives do open the
               | door for that. The same automated systems that allow
               | individuals to reduce their carbon footprint today could
               | be abused to control people later.
        
           | sampo wrote:
           | > I think the jury is still out whether it'll actually lead
           | to significant energy savings.
           | 
           | In Finland you can get an electricity contract that follows
           | the hourly spot prices. Usually the hourly prices varies in
           | the range from 5c to 20c/kWh, but sometimes it jumps up to
           | 40c, even 80c/kWh. The record was 2EUR/kWh for a couple hours
           | in one day.
           | 
           | Current hourly prices for today and tomorrow:
           | 
           | https://oomi.fi/en/electricity/electricity-
           | contracts/active/...
           | 
           | People who have chosen this kind of contract, usually reduce
           | their consumption during the ridiculously expensive hours,
           | which usually occur when there happens both low wind energy
           | production, and simultaneously some power plant being offline
           | for maintenance.
           | 
           | You can also get a contract with a fixed price, if you want.
        
             | kristjansson wrote:
             | Is there a cap? AIUI this is how those Texas power bills
             | got to $xx,000 last year.
        
               | nawitus wrote:
               | Yes, 4EUR/kWh, which is dynamically adjusted (if that
               | spot price is reached).
        
               | seb1204 wrote:
               | There are similar retailers in Australia. They even had a
               | insurance against these super spikes such that the
               | customers did have some fall back security. Details I'm
               | not sure about but check https://www.amber.com.au/how-it-
               | works
        
           | avgcorrection wrote:
           | > but how much consumption can you really move around like
           | that, and how many energy hogs can you just decide to not
           | use? If you notice high energy use while cooking, are you
           | going to start eating more salads instead?
           | 
           | There's been some interest in this locally due to energy
           | regulation moving to a more punishing system for peak usage.
           | Also high electricity prices. And the topic came up that
           | people would be encouraged to do things that are considered
           | unsafe like washing their clothes while they are sleeping.
           | 
           | Things like this need to be automated. (And be safe.)
           | Manually following fancy gadgets won't make much of a
           | difference.
           | 
           | Meanwhile we're (or were, don't know the current status)
           | selling hydropower to the rest of the Europe during the fall,
           | emptying the reservoirs before the winter so that electricity
           | prices become unreasonable (leading to strategies like
           | washing your clothes while you sleep or just being content to
           | freeze while indoors).
           | 
           | And I have never seen a good argument for the export/import
           | (Europe) arrangement. But I guess we can try to sideline that
           | whole conversation by nagging people to turn off the light in
           | the bathroom when it's not busy.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | Maybe it's because Britain introduced cheap electricity
             | overnight in the 1970s (before I was born), but I've never
             | thought of using the washing machine overnight as unsafe.
             | The dishwasher too.
             | 
             | Trading electricity between Europe gives us lower prices
             | overall, and a more stable and efficient grid.
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | > Trading electricity between Europe gives us lower
               | prices overall,
               | 
               | For some definition of us.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | The area covered by the grid. I assume prices have
               | increased in some areas, e.g. northern Sweden and Norway.
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | I need to practice my sardonic replies.
        
             | seb1204 wrote:
             | I'm baffled, why is washing my clothes while sleeping
             | considered dangerous? Can you please elaborate?
        
               | avgcorrection wrote:
               | I don't know. A case of either Electricians or
               | Bureaucrats Are Saying.
               | 
               | You can't even leave your phone brush/phone to charge
               | unattended, apparently.
        
           | flagrant_taco wrote:
           | > If you notice high energy use while cooking, are you going
           | to start eating more salads instead?
           | 
           | Of course, why wouldn't you? If the assumption isn't that
           | effectively unlimited power is available on demand you adjust
           | use accordingly.
           | 
           | On sunny days with excess power maybe you charge and do
           | laundry. On a stretch of cloudy days you avoid long periods
           | of cooking or using large tools like sellers or air
           | compressors.
           | 
           | Adjusting to our environment rather that chasing convenience
           | is a very reasonable approach to makinh a real dent in
           | reducing our environmental impact.
        
             | bruce511 wrote:
             | >> Ultimately the biggest wins are when big appliances and
             | heating/cooling respond to self-production
             | 
             | I think the parent post is pointing out that just measuring
             | usage has limited value. The real value is when you are
             | generating your own alternative. Then simple changes, that
             | you barely notice, can have z big impact.
             | 
             | Some are obvious, hot water, laundry, dishwasher, pool
             | pump, etc.
             | 
             | Between things like cooking can come into play. Lots of
             | dishes can be prepared in advance, and consumed later. An
             | air-fryer uses less electricity than my oven (and despite
             | the name functions in the same way as an oven).
        
             | seb1204 wrote:
             | In Australia there is more and more a network utilisation
             | factor (not sure what the exact name is). In essence this
             | is peak demand in a billing cycle does define the cost for
             | the entire billing cycle. So if I have everything on at the
             | same time I will draw lots of kWh, this will give me a
             | night $/kW that I have to pay for my entire consumption.
             | 
             | So there is merit in keeping peak consumption low to not
             | pay high just because of a single spike.
             | 
             | Never having dishwasher, washing machine and dryer on at
             | the same time is a good starting point.
        
         | teekert wrote:
         | I agree fully, I believe that my Home Assistant energy
         | dashboard has done more for our energy consumption than any
         | other measure.
         | 
         | If you're in the Netherland you can get something like a
         | "slimme lezer", plug it into the p1 port of your energy meter
         | and it will pop up in Home Assistant with the right sensors.
         | 
         | The energy dashboard will give an overview of your gas and
         | electricity usage, solar production, proportion used from
         | grid/solar and even a home battery if present. It's really
         | great.
         | 
         | Combine it with some Aqara (zigbee but easily overloaded) or
         | Shelly (WiFi and I find them very robust) energy monitoring
         | power sockets and you get a very good idea of the simplest
         | measures to take to save power. You can even add cost/kWh and
         | M3 (gas) to the sensors in HA.
        
           | kabes wrote:
           | I have the same setup. I used it to make a green light go on
           | when we have more than 500 watt excess solar production, so
           | my wife knows she can turn on the washing machine for free.
        
             | teekert wrote:
             | That's very cool. Btw our dishwasher (and laundry machine)
             | has 2 peaks at 2 kW, our dryer does 500 W continuous.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | Makes sense since you're in the netherlands, euro
               | appliances generally get fed cold water and warm it
               | internally, the 2kW peaks would be when it needs to warm
               | up the cold water.
               | 
               | The dryer has to warm air up pretty continuously to dry
               | the contents. At 500W I assume it's a heat pump? (IIRC
               | condensers are usually around or above 1kW)
        
               | teekert wrote:
               | Ah yes, the dish and laundry washers are indeed not "hot
               | fill", that is hard to find here indeed.
               | 
               | The dryer is a heat pump yes, some years ago it was the
               | most energy efficient one we could find. (But I guess it
               | runs longer, relying more on tumbling than heat, and
               | wears out cloth faster).
        
               | snickmy wrote:
               | I always wondered why we cannot find hot filled
               | appliances in the old continent.
               | 
               | Also, I wonder why compressors in heatpumps are not
               | multi-speed (basically energy consumption can be
               | modulated). If you are an expert please let me know I'd
               | love to talk more.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | > I always wondered why we cannot find hot filled
               | appliances in the old continent.
               | 
               | You can find them but they'll be in the semi-professional
               | space and above (relatively expensive high-duty).
               | 
               | They're very rare in the consumer space because
               | 
               | - it requires running more hot water lines / extensions,
               | historically houses are built with lots of cold water
               | lines but hot water lines only where required
               | 
               | - for their heating requirement, a normal electric plug
               | is _more_ than sufficient in the land of 230V, this is is
               | a similar issue to kettles basically
               | 
               | - they require an internal heater anyway as residential
               | water circuits come nowhere near the high temperature
               | cycles: 50-53C is common to avoid risks of scalding but
               | some are set as low as 45, the standard high temp cycles
               | for washing machines are 60 and 90, and dishwasher
               | commonly have a heavy cycle around 65
               | 
               | - it makes the machines more convoluted since they needs
               | more inlets, a mixing valve, etc...
               | 
               | - they're not really compatible with hot water tanks: you
               | don't want your dishes or laundry to empty your shower
               | water, plus hot water tanks are commonly electrical so
               | there's no real gain given per the above the machines
               | need a heater anyway
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | > for their heating requirement, a normal electric plug
               | is more than sufficient in the land of 230V, this is is a
               | similar issue to kettles basically
               | 
               | US uses a split phase system so you can combine two 120V
               | circuits to get 240V. This is how most heavy appliances
               | are wired.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | Right but that means you need a special setup either way.
               | In europe you just have a normal electric plug, nothing
               | special.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | North America has standard plugs for 240V too. They're
               | different from the 120V plug for the obvious reason, but
               | it's not a particularly special setup.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | The odds a random US plug will be 240v is essentially
               | zero, unless you're standing next to an electric
               | range/stove/dryer. And those plugs typically have one
               | outlet and it's already in use.
               | 
               | Unless the prior owner was a welder anyway. Then you
               | might have a few in the garage.
               | 
               | Either way, not convenient for kettles.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | Maybe I should make the obvious reason more explicit. If
               | you have something designed to operate on 120V and plug
               | it into a 240V outlet, there will be safety issues. It
               | might even catch on fire. So the two voltages have to use
               | different outlet and plug shapes for safety reasons. An
               | outlet is not "randomly" going to be one voltage or the
               | other because that would be a terrible idea.
               | 
               | And yes, the 240V outlets are set up for heavy appliances
               | rather than small countertop appliances. Remember, we
               | were talking about washing machines and dishwashers, and
               | the claim that European appliances don't need to consume
               | hot water because they have 230V circuits. American
               | appliances have 240V circuits and they still consume hot
               | water so that's not a satisfying explanation.
               | 
               | It's true that Americans don't plug electric kettles into
               | a 240V plug. There are a few reasons for that:
               | 
               | * Americans generally prefer coffee to tea. So the tea
               | kettle is usually a lower priority in an American
               | household compared to a British one.
               | 
               | * Stovetop tea kettles and microwaves are both perfectly
               | fine at boiling water. Are they as optimal? Maybe not but
               | it's not a priority. (Microwaves might be just as fast
               | actually.)
               | 
               | * Electric kettles work totally fine on a 120V circuit
               | anyway. I have one. Is it as fast as it would be on a
               | 240V circuit? No, but it's not a priority. We probably
               | make up the time difference by having faster dishwashers
               | and washing machines that consume hot water in addition
               | to using 240V power.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Uh, you might want to reconsider who you're talking to.
               | I've run 40 amp 240v split phase and 3 phase in North
               | America (permitted) for personal projects. I'm well
               | aware.
               | 
               | No one installs L30R/L6-30R receptacles in the US for
               | 'normal' (as in used by a human for random stuff) use as
               | standard practice, because yes - most of the time no one
               | needs it. Maximum power for a normal 120/20 amp branch
               | circuit is 2.4kw, and that's 7.2kw. The most I've ever
               | actually had a use for in a residential building was 50
               | amp @ 240v (arc gouging), but I did setup 50 amp @ 480v
               | for a massive CNC milling machine once.
               | 
               | And when someone does, it's a special case.
               | 
               | Most of Europe and Asia, they have receptacles that can
               | handle that kind of load. And many other wiring changes.
               | 
               | But they also don't really use them to capacity very
               | often either.
               | 
               | But it is convenient to be able to run a decent welder
               | off a normal house outlet in Germany or Singapore if you
               | want.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | > Uh, you might want to reconsider who you're talking to.
               | I've run 40 amp 240v split phase and 3 phase in North
               | America (permitted) for personal projects. I'm well
               | aware.
               | 
               | Sorry about that, but I'm not sure how you expected me to
               | know that about you or why we're arguing about tea
               | kettles. I think I inferred more disagreement from
               | context than we actually have. Do we actually disagree
               | about anything here or are we all good? At the very least
               | I think we're on the same page about washing machines,
               | which was the original point of contention here.
               | 
               | And yes, the point about welding is a good one; higher
               | voltage standards are a lot more convenient for that.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | "Normal" high power portable devices in Europe are 2-3kW
               | electric heaters (generally an expensive way to heat a
               | house, but OK if you're heating a single room) and older
               | and less efficient vacuum cleaners (2kW).
               | 
               | Maybe also a very high spec gaming PC, which here could
               | run (monitors and all) from a single outlet. Would
               | tripping the breaker have been a concern at a 2000s LAN
               | party in the USA? I have no idea.
               | 
               | In some countries it's common to have a 400V (3 phase)
               | socket in the garage. Excellent for car charging, but
               | that is also OK from 230V. That is probably by far the
               | biggest current benefit of 230V everywhere. Charge the
               | car at a decent speed at that holiday cottage in the
               | mountains.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | > In some countries it's common to have a 400V (3 phase)
               | socket in the garage.
               | 
               | And the kitchen, for electric ranges.
        
               | trimethylpurine wrote:
               | Upon inspection, the American Breville kettles are 1/2
               | the wattage with a 1 liter boil time of 4 minutes at 1500
               | watts.
               | 
               | The UK versions from the same brand are 3000 watts, but
               | only reduces the boil time by 1 minute.
               | 
               | I'm not sure about efficiency one way or the other, but
               | it's interesting to note that double the power does not
               | yield one half boil time.
               | 
               | Additionally, at this elevation I would estimate my
               | morning coffee, Americano (Italian coffee that requires
               | boiled water), takes less time to make than it would at
               | higher wattage at sea level. I'm only guessing.
               | 
               | I think it comes down to practicality more than either
               | culture's love of tea or coffee.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | > I think it comes down to practicality more than either
               | culture's love of tea or coffee.
               | 
               | Yeah, come to think of it a coffee machine is solving a
               | very similar problem to an electric kettle. Whats more,
               | I've even used a drip coffee maker as a makeshift
               | electric kettle before. So that was just a dumb argument
               | on my part. Thanks for bailing me out with actual data on
               | the diminishing returns of dumping more power into an
               | electric kettle!
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | I think the main speed increase of American machines
               | compared to European ones is due to much higher water
               | consumption.
               | 
               | A modern European washing machine uses 30-50 litres per
               | wash, vs 75-100 for a modern American one.
               | 
               | That's also halved the time required to heat the
               | necessary water, so another reason a hot water connection
               | might not be so useful
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Could this be due to American washers being bigger? I
               | don't see why American washers would be designed to use
               | more water if less water technology exists.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | If water consumption isn't something the customer or
               | government cares about, then the customer will choose on
               | other metrics. Americans aren't generally going to buy a
               | European washing machine that takes an hour longer to
               | clean their clothes.
               | 
               | Europeans are going to look at the energy efficiency
               | sticker that by law must be displayed with the machine,
               | either out of altruism, to reduce the running cost, or
               | because the machine with A must be better than the one
               | with G. See the coloured symbols on [1] and the more
               | detailed information if you click one, showing capacity,
               | water use per cycle and typical annual electricity use.
               | 
               | Walmart's site [2] doesn't show this information
               | anywhere.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.johnlewis.com/browse/electricals/washing-
               | machine...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.walmart.com/browse/home/all-washing-
               | machines/404...
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Walmart does not sell washers, those are all resellers
               | using the Walmart website as a platform, and almost no on
               | would buy an appliance there.
               | 
               | All the energy usage and other details would be on the
               | website of a retailer that actually sells appliances,
               | like Home Depot/Lowes/Best Buy/Costco/etc.
               | 
               | https://www.homedepot.com/p/Electrolux-4-5-cu-ft-
               | Stackable-F...
               | 
               | > Europeans are going to look at the energy efficiency
               | sticker that by law must be displayed with the machine,
               | 
               | The US has this too with. See in "Details" in above link:
               | 
               | >Energy Consumption (kWh/year) 85
               | 
               | >Energy Efficiency Tier Rating Tier II
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | > A modern European washing machine uses 30-50 litres per
               | wash, vs 75-100 for a modern American one.
               | 
               | Maybe we just have bigger washing machines? You need to
               | control for washer capacity to make a fair comparison
               | here. If you need to do twice as many loads of laundry
               | because you can only fit half as much laundry in each
               | load, you've gained nothing. And it's not like having a
               | bigger washing machine requires every load of laundry to
               | use the full water capacity of the machine even if you
               | only do small loads. On older machines you can set a dial
               | for load size while newer ones have sensors for that.
        
               | mcbishop wrote:
               | For most people, running a 240-volt circuit requires an
               | (expensive) electrician. In some cases, it requires
               | drywall work. And maybe a utility service upgrade.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | American homes already have 240V circuits for large
               | electric appliances and electric water heaters. If you
               | want to convert one of those from gas to electric or just
               | want an extra appliance for some reason, sure it's going
               | to be more expensive than just plugging it into the wall
               | but you're also buying a fairly large, expensive extra
               | appliance. And many of those appliances need work done
               | anyway: water heaters, dishwashers, and washing machines
               | need plumbing, gas appliances need gas lines, dryers need
               | dryer vent ducts, and ranges need range hoods which
               | ideally also require ductwork.
               | 
               | Besides, it's not like European homes actually have more
               | heavy appliances than American homes. Americans are much
               | more likely to own clothes dryers, despite the fact that
               | Europeans could easily just plug one into any normal
               | outlet.
        
               | mcbishop wrote:
               | Points taken. I just wanted to clarify that it's more
               | involved than swapping out the "plug".
        
               | mnw21cam wrote:
               | Also, in quite a few houses, the initial run of water out
               | of the hot tap is cold for quite some time until the hot
               | water has either made it round from the hot tank, or if
               | you have a combi boiler system then after that has fired
               | itself up, got up to temperature, and then the hot water
               | has made it round the pipes from there. It may be that
               | the washing machine uses so little water that most of the
               | water it gets from the hot supply is cold, wasting all
               | that energy.
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | That is true, I assume hot water appliances handle that
               | case internally, but that's yet more complexity.
        
               | teekert wrote:
               | For me indeed it takes >30 sec to get hot water in the
               | kitchen (modern kitchens have small boilers), but the
               | washers are near the boiler, so hot fill would be more
               | efficient. The boiler supplies 60 deg C water though, so
               | that is not enough for the 90 deg C program for example.
               | And then you need a heating element anyway...
        
               | egwor wrote:
               | These days most washing cycles run a lot cooler. My
               | washing powder/soap recommends 30 but I usually run at
               | 40. I know that I need to do the occasional high temp
               | wash too though.
        
               | fouc wrote:
               | for laundry - cold/warm setting + cold water detergent is
               | popular these days, further reducing the heating
               | requirement.
        
               | TeMPOraL wrote:
               | Oh yes, what's up with that anyway? I recently noticed
               | laundry detergent companies making some magic "wash in 20
               | degrees Celsius" product, and heavily advertising it on
               | the grounds of energy savings. I wonder how that works.
               | I'm not sure my washing machine can even _go_ as low as
               | 20 degrees.
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | From the US perspective, I have trouble understanding
               | most of these.
               | 
               | > - it requires running more hot water lines /
               | extensions, historically houses are built with lots of
               | cold water lines but hot water lines only where required
               | 
               | Don't you need hot lines almost everywhere anyway? Every
               | sink, bath, and shower has both cold and hot lines. So
               | you're simply running two extra hots...one for the
               | washer, one for the dishwasher. But usually dishwasher
               | supply is run off the kitchen sink supply, so the "extra"
               | hot line is just a couple feet. Actually, there's no cold
               | line at all to our dishwashers, only the hot, come to
               | think of it. So there's _zero_ extra piping for the
               | dishwasher in the US, and yes, one extra run for the
               | washer.
               | 
               | > - for their heating requirement, a normal electric plug
               | is more than sufficient in the land of 230V, this is is a
               | similar issue to kettles basically
               | 
               | As other comments mentioned, the US does have 220V plugs
               | for heavy appliances. It's already standard to have 220
               | in the laundry room and kitchen anyway - the dryer and
               | oven use them. So this doesn't seem to explain the
               | difference. It would be very easy run a 220 to your
               | washer in the US, you'd need maybe two feet of cable and
               | an outlet. Indeed, I don't know if it's code or not, but
               | a lot of laundry rooms especially probably have the 120
               | outlet the washer uses actually wired up with four
               | conductor cable, with the extra hot unused, because the
               | cable for the dryer is right there next to it and why run
               | the three conductor cable from elsewhere, when it's
               | easier to use the four conductor. So they could literally
               | just pop in the 220 outlet and be done with zero extra
               | work instead, if washers were on 220.
               | 
               | > - they require an internal heater anyway as residential
               | water circuits come nowhere near the high temperature
               | cycles: 50-53C is common to avoid risks of scalding but
               | some are set as low as 45, the standard high temp cycles
               | for washing machines are 60 and 90, and dishwasher
               | commonly have a heavy cycle around 65.
               | 
               | This is incorrect. My washer doesn't have any heating
               | element. The dishwasher does to superheat the water,
               | since at the maximum settings it boils water. (The steam
               | cycle.) The thermistor is set during normal non-steam
               | operation to run at around 130F/54C, which is the
               | temperature of my water heater heater supply, but it's
               | true that inlet temp is not guaranteed; different people
               | will have different settings and the pipe run entails
               | some heat loss. Plus it does need the heating element for
               | the dry cycle.
               | 
               | > - it makes the machines more convoluted since they
               | needs more inlets, a mixing valve, etc...
               | 
               | Dishwashers only have one inlet in the US. It's true that
               | the washer has two, but it's not much more complexity. At
               | least on mine, it just opens both valves at the same
               | time, there is no "mixing valve." If you select hot it
               | only opens the hot valve, warm opens both, and cold opens
               | only the cold.
               | 
               | > - they're not really compatible with hot water tanks:
               | you don't want your dishes or laundry to empty your
               | shower water,
               | 
               | How are they "not really compatible" when it's bog
               | standard? Your dishwasher uses a pretty minimal amount of
               | water (mine fills with 1 gallon.) Washing machines use
               | ~10-20 gallons. The standard hot water tank in the US is
               | 50+ gallons. People do sometimes run out of hot water,
               | but it's not from running the dishwasher at the same
               | time.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | It isn't code to run 120V receptacles off of a 240V
               | circuit. That's a recipe for a fire that your insurer
               | will not cover. You can do a shared neutral to two 120V
               | loads in limited circumstances.
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | My dishwasher is European and is hot-fill. It doesn't
               | even have a cold water connection. I don't think I've
               | ever seen a cold fill dishwasher in the US.
               | 
               | I wonder what's up in Europe.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | Most dishwashers only have one inlet. And most also heat
               | the water(more), even if fed hot water.
               | 
               | I believe the premise is, with 240V, they can heat
               | faster. So people plumb them with cold when in 240V land,
               | and hot when in 120V land.
        
               | ballenf wrote:
               | What happens if it gets hot water, but expects cold?
               | Seems like if it's not too hot to melt plastic parts, it
               | would be ok?
        
               | masklinn wrote:
               | The colder cycles will not work correctly (they have only
               | one inlet and no mixing circuit), they might scale more
               | than normally, and I wouldn't be surprised if some put
               | themselves into a security mode.
               | 
               | The plastics used for some of the inlet circuitry might
               | also age abnormally when it gets 50C water rather than
               | the, say, 10~30C range it is designed for.
        
               | namibj wrote:
               | A little while ago I've thought of just getting a few
               | people together and filling a small container with
               | washers that for regulatory reasons are better in the US
               | than in Europe (I forgot the exact details, sorry). If
               | you happen to have ideas for how to do such a group-buy,
               | please let me know.
        
           | alkonaut wrote:
           | > If you're in the Netherland you can get something like a
           | "slimme lezer", plug it into the p1 port of your energy meter
           | and it will pop up in Home Assistant with the right sensors.
           | 
           | If only the meters had ny power nearby or offered a 5V USB
           | port on it so you could plug in your reader and forget it.
           | But no. Now I'd have to keep a small Li-ion battery living in
           | -20C since the meters are typically outside and there is
           | never any power nearby since they are in a closed cabinet.
           | Only the people who have indoor power meters (I know zero
           | cases of that with detached houses, I think the power
           | companies require the meter to be outside in a cabinet they
           | can access without access to the house.
        
             | nagisa wrote:
             | P1 ports in the newer standard versions supply power.
        
             | teekert wrote:
             | I just made a socket near it ;)
        
             | kabes wrote:
             | The slimme lezer is powered by the p1 port
        
           | swozey wrote:
           | I have no frame of reference but I have a feeling here (usa)
           | it's super illegal to "tamper" with any pub utilities
           | infrastructure. Could be wrong, though, but no usb ports.
           | 
           | That's really cool though I wish we could do that.
        
             | teekert wrote:
             | P1 port is specifically to read values and "open". There a
             | 10EUR cable to convert it (passively) to usb.
             | 
             | You could consider one of those clamps that measure the
             | power through a cable from the fields around it?
        
               | dancsi wrote:
               | Actually, it is just serial under the hood, although
               | electrically slightly nonstandard.
        
             | bloomingeek wrote:
             | No doubt about the tampering comment. However, my gas,
             | water, and electric meters are all wireless and now I want
             | to be able to monitor them for on demand usage. We shall
             | see.
        
               | swozey wrote:
               | Has there been talk about that becoming a thing?
        
               | amluto wrote:
               | In PG&E land, you can buy one of a handful of approved
               | ZigBee gadgets that can read out your meter data.
        
               | mcbishop wrote:
               | If you can recommend one of these gadgets... I'd really
               | appreciate it.
        
               | mcbishop wrote:
               | I've heard that it's hard to measure gas in residential
               | contexts, because the pressure is so low.
        
             | quickthrowman wrote:
             | This is not utility infrastructure. It's a submeter
             | connected to a set of current transformers.
             | 
             | In general in the US, for commercial buildings, everything
             | beyond the utility transformer secondary is the
             | responsibility of the customer. For a residence, anything
             | beyond the meter socket is the responsibility of the
             | customer.
             | 
             | I'm unfamiliar with UK utility standards though so perhaps
             | it's different there.
        
               | bbarnett wrote:
               | Weird. You have a meter, after the utility's meter, that
               | you can just plug into?
        
               | kabes wrote:
               | At least in the netherlands and belgium, the meter is
               | from the utility company, but comes with a public serial
               | port (the so called P1 port) to read the data for smart
               | home purposes.
        
               | quickthrowman wrote:
               | Not by default, but tenant submeters are something you
               | can install in your own premises wiring. Here's an
               | example, a single-phase meter made by Honeywell:
               | https://prod-edam.honeywell.com/content/dam/honeywell-
               | edam/h...
               | 
               | The linked example only monitors one circuit, but you
               | could buy a submeter than can monitor multiple current
               | transformers/multiple circuits.
               | 
               | The utility meter is supplied by the utility and used to
               | bill you, an optional submeter is just for your own
               | monitoring and tracking of electrical use.
        
             | Someone wrote:
             | This isn't tampering, but using an interface expressly
             | designed for this purpose.
             | 
             | See https://www.netbeheernederland.nl/_upload/Files/Slimme_
             | meter.... I think that's more than good enough for third
             | parties to use.
        
           | RayyanNafees wrote:
           | yes
        
         | zilti wrote:
         | Corollary: people are cheap and lazy, so if you want them to
         | not do something, make it cumbersome in a way that does not
         | justify the cost difference, or vice versa.
        
         | risyachka wrote:
         | I'd argue that if you want people to be environmentally
         | friendly, you need to abstract all data, dashboards , etc,
         | 
         | The system must just work behind the scenes and optimise energy
         | use as much as possible automatically.
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | I have a friend that is diabetic (a number of friends,
         | actually).
         | 
         | He has been doing a pretty lousy job of managing his diet.
         | 
         | Until his doctor prescribed a monitor for a few weeks.
         | 
         | This is a device that looks like a big Band-Aid that you put on
         | your arm, inserting a fine needle under the skin, and
         | communicates with an app on the phone, reporting things like
         | glucose levels.
         | 
         | Once he realized the effects of the foods he was eating, he
         | immediately changed his diet, and has been sticking to it,
         | since (he no longer wears the monitor).
         | 
         | The UI of the app was pretty good. The historical data readout
         | is what did it for him.
        
           | wkjagt wrote:
           | I think even people who don't have diabetes could benefit
           | from this. Would having access to my own glucose levels
           | throughout the day give me some insights into how what I eat
           | influences my own mood, energy levels etc?
        
             | hgomersall wrote:
             | Yeah, it's pretty common. You can buy them for a reasonable
             | amount and learn quite a bit:
             | https://chemist2customer.com/freestyle-libre-2-sensor
        
             | masklinn wrote:
             | Might, but as a non-diabetic your body self-regulate, so
             | you'd usually see a large increase in blood sugars followed
             | by a large drop as insulin blood levels increase and
             | trigger its handling.
             | 
             | And because the sensor needle goes through the skin it
             | _must_ be replaced pretty regularly, and if it 's not
             | covered by insurance it's not exactly free (the link from
             | the sibling indicates PS57, that's per fortnight).
             | 
             | My diabetic colleague was super happy when they got one
             | though, the "beep" of their checking their BAC is pretty
             | funny and it's definitely more comfortable and sanitary
             | than having to prick their finger every time, plus the full
             | history view is useful as point check means there are dark
             | holes between checks and you might not see some of the
             | opportunities for improvements.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | > because the sensor needle goes through the skin it must
               | be replaced pretty regularly
               | 
               | I am an MRI radiographer and get patients to take these
               | off for their scans.
               | 
               | According to the link below [1] they are good for 7 days.
               | They aren't cheap and removing them does cause some
               | friction so I try tie the MRI scan up with a pending
               | monitor change and quiz diabetic patients about them at
               | booking.
               | 
               | Some have gone into the scanner by accident (patients not
               | declaring them) and they seem to survive but I emphasise
               | that the results might not be accurate afterwards.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.diabeticwarehouse.org/products/dexcom-g4-
               | and-g5-...
        
               | albert180 wrote:
               | The Freestyle ones aren't that accurate anyways. That's
               | why my university hospital trys to avoid them for new
               | patients
        
             | Tijdreiziger wrote:
             | You might be interested to look into a calorie tracking app
             | / cronometer. It's a bit of a slog as you need to
             | (somewhat) accurately input your food intake, but even a
             | week or so is enough to gain insight into your dietary
             | habits (caloric intake, nutrients, vitamins, minerals).
        
             | flagrant_taco wrote:
             | The biggest benefit by far in my opinion is having the
             | opportunity to learn how to listen to one's body again.
             | Most of us aren't very good at recognizing the signals our
             | bodies are sending us, from low blood sugar to adrenaline.
             | Real-time monitors can really help people listen what those
             | more subtle feelings might mean.
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | You absolutely can, but having a needle in you 24/7 isn't
             | the most convenient thing, not to mention the cost when
             | it's not covered by your health plan.
             | 
             | There's one theory which is that the most effective form of
             | weight loss might be simply to always keep blood sugar
             | below a certain level. Still just a theory, though.
             | 
             | It's possible that sometime in the next decade the Apple
             | Watch might be able to monitor glucose levels non-
             | invasively. However, it's extremely difficult
             | technologically, so it's not clear Apple will succeed.
             | (They seem to be working on it though.)
        
           | mywacaday wrote:
           | This company is offering it as a service
           | https://www.limborevolution.com/, it's expensive though. I
           | haven't used it but the owner has had a few success. Shaq is
           | also an investor.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | It'd be cool to give something like that a try, but I love
           | that we have so much technology to monitor our bodies but I'd
           | never use anything if it required a cell phone app since
           | you'd have to worry about who else is collected/selling that
           | data. We need more devices that work entirely offline, but
           | they're hard to find because companies know they can make so
           | much more money by collecting/selling your personal data and
           | pushing ads
        
             | gretch wrote:
             | I don't mean to minimize your concerns, and you should live
             | your life as you see fit, but since you put this out there
             | as a comment for others to reflect on - from my perspective
             | your feelings are like paranoia or compulsion.
             | 
             | To me, my glucose number is completely impersonal. I
             | wouldn't care who knew this or not, it has little to do
             | with my personhood, not to mention it moves so fast that no
             | one can infer anything timely. And it's the same range for
             | all humans.
             | 
             | I'm also not saying that corporations should sell it!
             | 
             | It's a bit like the fear of getting robbed. We all have the
             | right to walk down the street safely, and if someone robs
             | us, then that's the bad guy (no victim blaming). But if the
             | fear of getting robbed on each corner prevents you from
             | trying stuff in life that you are interested in, and
             | there's very little chance a you will actually be robbed in
             | any given situation, then that's kinda like a crippling
             | paranoia
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > To me, my glucose number is completely impersonal. I
               | wouldn't care who knew this or not, it has little to do
               | with my personhood
               | 
               | I'm not sure how much information a continuous glucose
               | would reveal about you since I've never tried one. How
               | healthy your diet is probably. Does it spike in the
               | morning? Could it indicate when you sleep and when you
               | wake? What other things can affect it? Sickness? Stress?
               | Drugs/alcohol? A single reading may not tell anyone much,
               | but I imagine that over time the patterns and sudden
               | changes to them could reveal a lot about your life.
               | 
               | That kind of data might be used against you in a lot of
               | different ways. Maybe it's higher or lower than normal
               | often enough that it triggers some threshold and your
               | health/life insurance company raises your rates. Maybe
               | you get in an accident one day and the person who hit
               | your car subpoenas those records and uses it to show that
               | you're blood sugar was a bit low allowing them to suggest
               | that you must have been drowsy or impaired and so the
               | accident was your fault. Maybe companies will notice that
               | there are certain times of the day when it changes and
               | you're more likely to be hungry or thirsty or tired or
               | anxious. Times when you're more vulnerable to
               | manipulation or suggestion.
               | 
               | Is it paranoia when they're really out to get you? The
               | buying and selling of the most mundane aspects of our
               | lives is a multi-billion dollar a year industry. Almost
               | every company you interact with today involves themselves
               | in it in one way or another and the reason every single
               | company is so desperate to get their hands on every scrap
               | of data they can is because it's extremely profitable.
               | The data they collect is already making them money hand
               | over fist, mostly at the expense of the people whose data
               | was taken. That data lives forever. It never goes away,
               | and all kinds of people are looking into new ways to take
               | advantage of us using it. Corporations, politicians,
               | extremists, scammers, employers, lawyers, advertisers,
               | anyone willing to pay and looking for an advantage over
               | you.
               | 
               | I suppose that taking even small steps to protect myself
               | (to the extent that it's even possible) does mean that I
               | miss out on trying _some_ things in life. Not allowing
               | myself to be taken advantage of by handing over vast
               | amounts of data isn 't always fun, but until we have
               | protections under the law that make those small
               | concessions unnecessary is it better to just try to
               | pretend it isn't happening and hope I don't get screwed
               | over too badly when the data I gave up inevitably comes
               | back to bite me in the ass later?
               | 
               | Usually it just means a have to work harder to find more
               | reasonable alternatives. I still turn my lights on and
               | off and set kitchen timers, but I don't do it with smart
               | assistants. I have to find (and sometimes build) offline
               | options for things like security cameras or backup
               | solutions, and I have to search harder for things like
               | pedometers and color changing light bulbs that aren't
               | controlled by cell phone apps. I have to search for dumb
               | TVs and cars.
               | 
               | I know that kind of effort it isn't worth it for
               | everyone. Most people never notice when the data they
               | give up is used against them. They don't know that the
               | price they paid is higher than the price their neighbor
               | paid for the extract same item. They don't know they
               | waited longer on hold because they were pushed back so
               | someone else who called in after them could be pushed
               | ahead to the front of the queue. They aren't ever told
               | why they didn't get that job or apartment they wanted.
               | They'll never know about the products, services, or
               | opportunities that they've been algorithmically excluded
               | from. Most of the time it's all out of sight, out of
               | mind. I just hope that people start paying better
               | attention to what's happening because, like you, a lot of
               | people feel like there's very little chance that they'll
               | be robbed, but they're actually being robbed all the
               | time, and it's going to get a lot worse.
        
               | fulladder wrote:
               | You're going to care when you wake up one day and find
               | out you can't buy health insurance because of your data.
        
         | slow_typist wrote:
         | Thanks for sharing. Does the system supply grid voltage to your
         | home autonomously, i.e. when the grid is offline? Does it work
         | on all three phases? In Germany, most of the systems need the
         | grid to be online in order to work.
        
         | tibbydudeza wrote:
         | Like you I have a solar system (Sunsynk) and it gives all sorts
         | of wonderful stats, but I hardly bother looking at it as it is
         | meaningless information - just wish it was more intelligent to
         | balance battery discharge vs loadshedding schedule vs weather
         | of the day.
         | 
         | I have to manually set things up for winter vs summer.
         | 
         | My geyser which is not on solar is on a IOT controller (Hotbot)
         | and I set the times I want the water to be heated and it knows
         | when there is loadshedding (3G) so it can intelligently deviate
         | from my set times.
        
         | TheRoque wrote:
         | Also, we need to stop gaslighting people with fake solutions
         | like "planting trees" or "deleting emails". Sure, it's good,
         | but the scale is so small that you're actually losing focus on
         | what really makes changes.
        
         | nagisa wrote:
         | > Now I just wish I had something as convenient for monitoring
         | water consumption.
         | 
         | You can set this up non-invasively with ultrasonic flow meters
         | like the TUF-2000M. It isn't _cheap_ , but it does work quite
         | alright if you don't want any of the risks associated with
         | cracking open your pipes.
         | 
         | (There are also cheaper options if you don't mind opening up
         | your pipes too.)
        
         | yelite wrote:
         | If your meter is not too old, it probably sends wireless signal
         | for consumption data. It can be read with
         | https://github.com/bemasher/rtlamr
        
         | nijave wrote:
         | Overlaying outdoor temperature is also helpful. One degree HVAC
         | change makes a lot bigger difference when it's 0F (-18C) vs 40F
         | (4C) outside
         | 
         | I've seen decent reviews on the "no plumbing required" water
         | meters. Flume has a product available in the U.S. that gets
         | pretty good reviews (https://www.amazon.com/Flume-Smart-Water-
         | Monitor-Detector/dp...).
        
         | roland35 wrote:
         | The Sense system is great for this, gives you second level
         | data, and identifies most appliances when they turn on. I enjoy
         | using it!
        
         | barelyauser wrote:
         | This problem can easily be solved without any device at all. Of
         | course, it demands education and "intelligent behavior". If
         | people only had the curiosity to read the specs on a heater and
         | see "2000W" of power, and compare it to "15W" of power on the
         | specs of the LED bulb. Same for water. One can just place a
         | bowl under the faucet and measure the time it takes to fill up.
         | Now you have your water consumption rate. We can choose the
         | "device based" route, but this road end with Idiocracy and
         | problems so "big" nobody can solve them.
        
           | argiopetech wrote:
           | If we're comparing apples to apples all the time, sure. I
           | think it's pretty obvious to most people who care to look
           | that a 60w conventional bulb uses more energy than a 15w LED
           | bulb (which, for the record, is the 100w conventional
           | equivalent). Consider, however, these questions:
           | 
           | If my 2000w heater is running on the 800w setting and turns
           | on when my room has dropped below the point I consider
           | acceptably chilly and turns off above that point, how much
           | electricity have I used in the last hour?
           | 
           | If I have 3 15w LEDs on a dimmer and run them intermittently
           | throughout the day, how much electricity have I used in the
           | last hour?
           | 
           | If my TV is off, but plugged in, and accesses the Internet a
           | few times a day automatically to check for new versions, how
           | much power has it used today?
           | 
           | I think this makes the case for, at least, a kill-a-watt
           | style device. A whole home solution with sufficient report
           | granularity and a report interface visible in the home would
           | be worth the extra trouble, IMHO.
           | 
           | Edit: For the record, these are all real-scenarios from my
           | house.
        
             | mnw21cam wrote:
             | A while ago I bought one of those plug-in power monitors,
             | and went around measuring everything I could find around
             | the house. It's a worthwhile exercise, I think. You can
             | leave an appliance plugged into it for as long as you like
             | to get an average. I was able to make a pie chart of where
             | my electricity is used in my house, which was enlightening,
             | and led to some useful changes.
        
             | quickthrowman wrote:
             | > I think this makes the case for, at least, a kill-a-watt
             | style device. A whole home solution with sufficient report
             | granularity and a report interface visible in the home
             | would be worth the extra trouble, IMHO.
             | 
             | You can have per circuit monitoring, you need a CT for each
             | hot conductor and a submeter with enough CT inputs for all
             | of the circuits in your panelboard.
        
         | SergeAx wrote:
         | Unpopular opinion: shifting environmental blame to individual
         | consumers is a form of gaslighting (pun not intended, but still
         | good). You may use spend a fortune on solar, heating pumps and
         | A-clsss appliances, but will never save a fraction of power
         | consumption of a single datacenter cabinet or aluminium
         | furnace. One large enough manufacturing plant cancels out all
         | environmental initiatives of a medium town, including public
         | spaces.
        
         | runamok wrote:
         | SDGE started breaking down our energy usage by "type" a few
         | months ago. Not exactly sure how but they can categorize things
         | as laundry, lights, entertainment, computers, always on, etc.
         | 
         | There are some screenshots here that kind of give you the idea:
         | https://www.sdge.com/energy-management-tool
        
           | andirk wrote:
           | My PGE (Bay area) does the same but I'm pretty sure it's an
           | estimate according to house size, # of people, and a
           | questionnaire I filled out such as "how many times do you run
           | the dishwasher per week". Your house pulls electricity
           | through the breaker box or doesn't.
           | 
           | Then again, it's possible different appliances have a
           | specific electrical signatures like +5KWH x 1.5 hours =
           | dishwasher.
        
             | mcbishop wrote:
             | > I'm pretty sure it's an estimate Yeah, I (cynically)
             | assume this utility-provided breakdown data is worthless.
             | There's no way around circuit-level monitoring.
        
             | runamok wrote:
             | I was on mobile and unable to find it but here it is:
             | https://sdge.bidgely.com/dashboard/faqs
             | 
             | How does it work? Magic? Not really. Each appliance uses
             | electricity in a unique manner - think of it like an
             | appliance fingerprint. We detect and extract these
             | "fingerprints" and convert the data into useful insights
             | and recommendations.
        
         | cwassert wrote:
         | I second this wholeheartedly.
         | 
         | As a toy project I put a raspi with a small screen in my living
         | room that would show the temperature and humidity for the last
         | three days as a graph. It was somewhat of an eye catcher in the
         | living room. The data was always interesting. Even if the
         | humidity did not change much, at the very least you could
         | always see that it was colder during the nights, which told me
         | it was working.
         | 
         | It taught me so many things. The effect of opening the windows
         | short vs. long on temperature and humidity. That the sun
         | shining into my room was way more effective then my heating.
         | How the temperature goes down exponentially when my heating
         | turns off, and how the length of the of/off cycles depend on
         | the temperature outside. Etc.
        
         | ahrjay wrote:
         | In my home state of Victoria Australia the government had a
         | program to give out these powerpal[1] units for free that could
         | measure your usage in realtime using the flashing led on our
         | smart meters, we also require all energy grid operators (the
         | people who own the poles and wires) to have an energy portal
         | where users can get near realtime data to the nearest 30mins,
         | soon to be 5 with some new legislation.
         | 
         | The former most people have no idea about but the powerpal has
         | been a smashing success for consumers to understand what is
         | using energy.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.powerpal.net/
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | Instead of a single usage figure per month, it should be a
         | cumulative line chart with high resolution, preferably
         | zoomable. The customer would see long periods of almost
         | nothing, and occasional big jumps (e.g. When the heater is on).
        
           | jonathanlydall wrote:
           | Exactly.
        
       | Affric wrote:
       | Great article.
       | 
       | Not so sure about the usefulness of these devices without having
       | a battery though.
        
       | miellaby wrote:
       | I like how the author is surprised by the technological
       | aberration that form Linux powered home appliances. A node server
       | to power and publish over wifi a web site, an API, a web socket,
       | while the site is being displayed by a outdated webview engine
       | within an heavily constrained terminal which cant be reused for
       | anything else. That's... the norm.
       | 
       | All this is very common. And yet displaying a couple of digits
       | and a bar graph could be done with a pair of microcontrollers
       | communicating onto some wired bus.
       | 
       | With the power supplies of this era, this pair of devices
       | probably pumps 16w idle. Running 24/24 7/7, they probably consume
       | as much as a small fridge as a whole. The LCA of the solution
       | must be consterning as well, especially compared with few one
       | dollard microcontrollers.
       | 
       | The worst of all is that this whole mess turned into bricks
       | probably 3 years after it was installed, maybe less.
        
         | thrwwycbr wrote:
         | The reason why the Mirai botnet is still at large is: Android.
         | 
         | From a business perspective nobody wants to pay the costly
         | people that can do microcontroller programming. Frontend devs
         | are dirt cheap, especially for something as simple as that
         | interface displaying the bar charts.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | > nobody wants to pay the costly people that can do
           | microcontroller programming
           | 
           | The embedded world isn't known for paying well.
        
             | MichaelZuo wrote:
             | Actually competent microcontroller programmers definitely
             | earn way more then bargain barrel front end devs.
        
           | throw310822 wrote:
           | There is also an enormous amount of flexibility gained when,
           | instead if designing and building your own single-purpose
           | device, you just use a cheap, mass produced, off the shelf,
           | general purpose device.
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | From employee perspective it was my impression that EE
           | developers tend to get _lower_ salaries than web developers.
           | 
           | But it could be the case that building an android or web app
           | for a simple UI would take less dev-months than an embedded
           | app with similar functionality.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | > building an android or web app for a simple UI would take
             | less dev-months than an embedded app with similar
             | functionality
             | 
             | I'm quite sure that's correct.
        
         | XorNot wrote:
         | Pulling wires through anywhere after it's finished is an
         | immense installation hassle though. It might be possible...or
         | it might be completely impractical even if you can (i.e. low
         | voltage buses and unshielded power wires don't play nice
         | together if they're parallel).
        
           | IshKebab wrote:
           | Yeah I don't understand why he is shocked that this
           | communicates wirelessly. He even bought a modern flat with
           | Ethernet because he clearly knows how much pain it is to add
           | wiring to a house. Very weird.
        
             | TeMPOraL wrote:
             | It's painful to add wiring to a house _as a random normie
             | user_. It 's not painful if you're an installer or a
             | construction person.
             | 
             | Or at least this is my understanding why all construction
             | is still done in a way that makes it near-impossible for
             | the user/dweller to change anything without having to do
             | general renovation of half the place. Which, again, is hard
             | primarily because it makes no sense to buy all the hardware
             | that makes such work easy for a single job.
        
               | IshKebab wrote:
               | It is still painful if you're an installer. You have to
               | chase walls, pull up carpets and floorboards, install
               | trunking etc.
               | 
               | Why on earth would you do that when you can just use
               | wireless? It would make zero sense.
        
         | freetanga wrote:
         | He probably would get more savings by removing the fuse again
         | than keeping that useless thing on...
        
         | squarefoot wrote:
         | > within an heavily constrained terminal which cant be reused
         | for anything else.
         | 
         | Except for botnets and/or spying. Some of those boards already
         | contain MEMS microphones and cameras (the box in the picture
         | even shows the camera objective). I'd have took apart the
         | device to take a look inside, or at least run some diagnostics
         | to explore which hardware was installed/detected.
        
           | netsharc wrote:
           | I wonder if cat /dev/video1 would be enough to turn it into a
           | surveillance device..
        
             | squarefoot wrote:
             | Not sure about cat, but if one could sneak in netcat or
             | better ffmpeg on Android, then opening a audio/video
             | channel to the outside could become trivial.
        
         | jimmaswell wrote:
         | > With the power supplies of this era, this pair of devices
         | probably pumps 16w idle. Running 24/24 7/7, they probably
         | consume as much as a small fridge as a whole. The LCA of the
         | solution must be consterning as well, especially compared with
         | few one dollard microcontrollers.
         | 
         | At the average cost of electric in the USA this amounts to
         | under $2/month. Seems negligible to me?
         | 
         | https://www.wolframalpha.com/input?i=16+watts+*+24+hours+*+3...
        
           | israrkhan wrote:
           | $2 is median daily wage for several countries. Negligible in
           | US but not everywhere
           | 
           | source: https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/daily-median-
           | income
        
           | bdavbdav wrote:
           | Still cheap, but the cost per KWH in UK is at least twice the
           | average in the US.
        
           | mindslight wrote:
           | For a device with so little functionality and non-critical
           | functionality at that, I wouldn't call $24/year negligible.
           | My whole home Ryzen router/server idles around there.
           | Honestly I'd bet the fuse was missing because the last tenant
           | was an engineer, investigated this thing themselves, found it
           | a useless waste, and pulled it.
        
           | seb1204 wrote:
           | Please send me 2$/month if you don't mind.
        
         | Hbruz0 wrote:
         | > And yet displaying a couple of digits and a bar graph could
         | be done with a pair of microcontrollers communicating onto some
         | wired bus
         | 
         | Can you expand on that? Would 7 segment displays and a couple
         | of leds be enough ? Which hardware would you use ?
        
         | fouc wrote:
         | > A node server to power and publish over wifi a web site, an
         | API, a web socket, while the site is being displayed by a
         | outdated webview engine within an heavily constrained terminal
         | which cant be reused for anything else. That's... the norm.
         | 
         | I really wonder why this happens. Seems penny wise & pound
         | foolish. Perhaps they failed to hire the right developer for
         | the right abstraction level, and ended up with "web developers"
         | I guess.
        
           | mrd3v0 wrote:
           | Money. That's almost always the reason for "why would they do
           | that?"
           | 
           | It's much cheaper and more sustainable for the wealthy and
           | powerful to train individuals on very high level technologies
           | then reuse their skills in every way they can, regardless of
           | how feasible, the economic and ecological footprint, or any
           | concern outside of making profit.
           | 
           | Electron is not some comic book villain. JavaScript is not
           | horrible and can be the optimal choice for many software
           | applications.
           | 
           | But these technologies and tools are easy to teach to many
           | workers who may or may not: understand the computational
           | architecture to come up with better economic efficiencies,
           | have interest in applying their skills to properly solve a
           | problem rather than put food on the table, and so on.
           | 
           | The higher level the skill is, the less interest and deep
           | systemic understanding needed for the job: many new jobs
           | created.
        
       | cm2187 wrote:
       | A bit of a dick move to remove the root password on an IOT device
       | of a flat you only rent.
        
         | caslon wrote:
         | It was completely non-functional before, so there's really no
         | loss.
        
           | cm2187 wrote:
           | I see half of the article about how he struggled to get the
           | password, so not that dysfunctional.
        
             | caslon wrote:
             | It was powered off entirely! He had to replace a fuse to
             | get it to have any baseline of functionality.
        
         | denysvitali wrote:
         | Considering that: - the Wi-Fi is password protected - root
         | privileges can already be granted via the "backdoor" - exactly
         | as the author did
         | 
         | I don't think it's a dick move, the device security wasn't
         | decreased (or increased) since RCE was already possible via the
         | tcf port
        
         | n_plus_1_acc wrote:
         | The landlord didn't know what it was and apparently doesn't
         | care at all.
        
         | acdha wrote:
         | If it was powered off before, it's clearly not a selling point
         | of the apartment.
        
       | yashg wrote:
       | I thought it would a Telescreen. (1984 reference)
        
       | petepete wrote:
       | On a related note, I had a new boiler installed last year with
       | Vaillant's smart controls. There's a little puck shaped 'control
       | unit' with WiFi/radio which allows the app to talk to it, and it
       | to talk to the thermostat.
       | 
       | Like most people in the UK, the boiler's in the garage. A brick
       | rectangle separate from the house. Did Vaillant include an
       | ethernet port? You bet they didn't. The support team suggested I
       | installed WiFi in my garage, which definitely wasn't going to
       | happen.
       | 
       | I had to get the installer back and he ran the cable through the
       | wall so it's now inside and working fine - but how did this ever
       | make it to market? No wonder the reviews are all terrible.
        
         | knolan wrote:
         | Most people in the UK don't have a garage. Almost every home
         | I've lived in has had a gas boiler somewhere inside.
        
           | petepete wrote:
           | Fair. But I strongly suspect nearly every house with a garage
           | has the boiler in it.
           | 
           | Edit. So having done a little research this probably isn't
           | the case. Maybe it's a regional thing, all the (mostly
           | suburban) houses I've lived in and visited, in the north west
           | of England, are set up that way.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | In the midlands the boiler would preferably be in the
             | utility room (laundry room). The slight waste heat is
             | appreciated there.
             | 
             | In London it's wherever the landlord's plumber can fit it,
             | as he illegally subdivides the house into several flats. At
             | least going by my experience as a student. Kitchen,
             | bathroom, garage, outside wall...
        
           | sdflhasjd wrote:
           | There's enough boilers in garages, lofts, the other side of
           | the house, etc, once you overlap it with UK houses being
           | brick, you get enough situations where getting WiFi from one
           | place to another becomes a pain. A lot of the time, the WiFi
           | AP is 30 cm from where the phone line came into the house
           | when it was built (before the internet even existed), which
           | is not optimally placed for coverage.
        
         | pinkahd wrote:
         | Not quite I've noticed in east of England the boiler is in the
         | garage only when a conservatory or kitchen extension is made.
         | 
         | I've also tried to move mine from kitchen to garage and the
         | builder I had at the time wasn't aware of such things.
         | 
         | But agree with the point, I think if a wifi is added to an
         | appliance an ethernet port should also be added.
        
         | Angostura wrote:
         | I probably would have just installed an an extender plug that
         | extends Wifi by signalling through the mains. Cheap and works
         | quite well
        
           | petepete wrote:
           | I totally could have run a cable through the wall and
           | installed an extra access point - I was planning on running
           | the cable anyway to connect the control unit via ethernet,
           | until I found that it didn't have one (yeah, I should have
           | checked, I assumed it would).
           | 
           | I didn't really like the idea of having an access point in
           | the garage just to service my boiler. Seems very wasteful.
        
       | oynqr wrote:
       | If you actually want to crack a password, use hashcat. Although
       | even md5crypt is comparatively hard to crack.
        
       | M6WIQ wrote:
       | The name of the company (Netthings) seemed familiar with me,
       | turns out I had read an blog article regarding the hardcoded NTP
       | servers that they used in their devices being firewalled off and
       | therefore losing time sync.
       | 
       | Article: https://strugglers.net/~andy/blog/2018/12/24/the-
       | internet-of...
       | 
       | It also appears that they went into liquidation in 2018, so good
       | luck getting any support with that device from them!
        
         | laplab wrote:
         | This is absolutely amazing, thank you for sharing that! I have
         | added the link in the end of the article.
        
         | justusthane wrote:
         | That makes the " DATE & TIME ARE ALWAYS CORRECT AND NEVER NEED
         | TO BE ADJUSTED" from the manual even better!
        
       | DougBTX wrote:
       | Interesting point about not having internet access: these smart
       | meters typically report usage to the energy supplier for billing.
       | I'd go look for a mobile network connection, maybe still up?
        
         | cr3ative wrote:
         | These aren't meters (in that sense) - generally they're reading
         | from CT clamps placed on the tails from your meter.
        
       | smingo wrote:
       | Putting the WiFi SSID and password on the side of the energy
       | monitor sensor box allowed for this:
       | 
       | > The whole thing was quite dissapointing. However, I do have a
       | few Raspberry Pico microcontrollers lying around at home. If I
       | could connect to the WiFi network of the energy manager directly
       | and get the data from the server, I could just extract kW
       | consumption from the API, multiply it by a correct rate and then
       | display it on some Grafana instance.
       | 
       | Love it!
        
       | P5210 wrote:
       | laplab, awesome job and great writeup!
       | 
       | I had a similar experience when moving into my "smart apartment"
       | 9 years ago and finding a wall-mounted Galaxy Tab 3. I went on to
       | develop a one-click root to allow my neighbors to "free" their
       | systems, too:
       | 
       | https://hackaday.io/project/181646-hacking-tabs/logs?sort=ol...
        
       | methou wrote:
       | I remember when I rented a palace in Singapore, my landlord asked
       | me to download an app called MyKNX to control the lights and
       | blinds in the room. I dumped some packets, and found system is
       | using tcp/ip and the KNX is standardized protocol.
       | 
       | The box is more like a PLC than "smart things", so it doesn't
       | need internet to function.
       | 
       | It's also supported by home-assistant. I want to get one when I'm
       | building my own home.
       | 
       | Edit: added something details
        
         | 55555 wrote:
         | Please, please write a blog to document the build of your next
         | palace.
        
         | wkjagt wrote:
         | I'm curious about the palace in Singapore.
        
       | cybrox wrote:
       | As someone who works in IoT, I very much enjoyed your disbelief.
       | 
       | I'd place this right about in the middle in terms of useless
       | complexity. There's a lot worse and a lot better.
       | 
       | A lot better usually only comes from bigger vendors that can
       | afford dev teams with possible rotations.
       | 
       | As a small company or startup, good luck finding a successor to
       | your embedded developer if they leave, so they just slap everyday
       | tech on way overpowered hardware which makes it easier to find
       | devs.
        
       | INTPenis wrote:
       | That was so interesting because around 2015 they built some new
       | apartment buildings in Malmo Sweden and they also included touch
       | screens in every apartment.
       | 
       | Not the same system, but I wonder if that system is as abandoned
       | today as this one was 8 years later.
        
       | jacobr wrote:
       | "The concrete description of what is going on here is spread
       | atom-thin across several websites, all of which expect you to
       | know the terminology. Each of these websites provides you with a
       | tiny piece of the puzzle and you are expected to combine it
       | together on your own."
       | 
       | Oh how I unironically love these types of quests.
        
       | promiseofbeans wrote:
       | I relate to this a lot. As part of my job, I'm regularly given
       | IoT devices that do similar tasks, but from different
       | manufacturers and with varying age ranges (new last year with a
       | raspberry pi 4 inside, to something over a decade old with custom
       | firmware on an ancient microcontroller).
       | 
       | I have to figure out how they work, and somehow coerce their data
       | into a standard format before sending it to our server.
       | 
       | Often, they'll have a built-in mechanism for retrieving data
       | programmatically, but it's usually too slow and sends data in
       | large batches, so I end up needing to reverse engineer their
       | socket IO + handlebars web UI for closer to real-time data
       | streaming. It's a janky nightmare, but it's so satisfying once
       | you make it work.
        
         | walterbell wrote:
         | Have you/employer considered sharing some of this reverse
         | engineering work via github, indexed by IoT device model
         | number?
        
       | bloqs wrote:
       | Slid out, not slided :)
        
       | rwky wrote:
       | I wonder if the previous tenant removed the fuse to stop the box
       | broadcasting a wifi signal. In an apartment block the 2.4ghz band
       | will already be congested!
        
       | jenadine wrote:
       | If you were to develop a device like that "properly", how would
       | you do it? What kind of hardware and what software stack would
       | one use?
        
         | konschubert wrote:
         | Probably an esp32 on both ends. And an eink screen.
         | 
         | The tricky part is passing the networking and auth credentials
         | from the server to the client. But you can marry them during
         | manufacturing.
        
       | conradfr wrote:
       | That was fun.
       | 
       | Are the csv files rotated or can they hypothetically make the
       | device run out of space in n^n years? :)
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | The space was probably calculated to be sufficient until 2038,
         | after which the clock won't be correct anymore anyway. ;)
        
       | living_room_pc wrote:
       | Now that you have root access. Check for a microphone device or
       | other things that could be utilized for surveillance.
       | 
       | Im always skeptical of IoT devices.
        
         | atribecalledqst wrote:
         | I was thinking about how the future software engineer to move
         | into the house is probably more likely to curse him rather than
         | thank him for making the server MORE vulnerable than it was
         | before, by removing the SSH password.
        
       | seba_dos1 wrote:
       | > I now have access to one of the weirdest Edge Computing
       | platforms imaginable.
       | 
       | If you think that's "weird", I have a bad news for you...
       | 
       | Not that your intuition is bad. It's sensible and fully
       | justified. It's just weird to call common things weird ;)
        
       | joemaller1 wrote:
       | "hello_stranger.txt" feels like something I would've written as a
       | 11 year old pretending to be a mad scientist.
       | 
       | I'm going to start leaving those files on every system I touch.
       | Thank you Nikita.
        
         | kilroy123 wrote:
         | I do something like that but it's actually a Canary token. So I
         | can know if someone is snooping.
        
           | denysvitali wrote:
           | Try "Human Injection" next: https://github.com/minimaxir/big-
           | list-of-naughty-strings/blo...
        
       | bouk wrote:
       | For those wondering _why_ this device is there, it seems it gave
       | points under the Code for Sustainable Homes
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Code_for_Sustainable_Homes so the
       | apartment could have a better environmental rating, as mentioned
       | at https://uk-metering.net/products/netthings-energy-manager
       | 
       | Seems that making sure the device actually works and is accurate
       | was not a requirement however...
        
       | orenlindsey wrote:
       | > There were two strings printed with labels "SSID" and "Pwd". I
       | froze in horror. They wouldn't dare. It is literally 3 meter
       | distance. These are embedded devices, they do not need this
       | complexity...
       | 
       | > Socket.IO! Wow, I honestly did not expect that. Client
       | literally needs to receive 5 numbers from the server, Socket.IO
       | seems to be a complete overkill for this usecase.
       | 
       | > The client code also looks very complicated for what it does.
       | There are at least 6 RequireJS modules, all loading dynamically
       | through different requests of course. There is Handlebars,
       | Backbone.js, Underscore.js
       | 
       | I just kept getting more incredulous throughout this article. No
       | way someone would put in _that_ much effort for a device like
       | this. The laziest option is usually the most common in software
       | development. I guess in this case, it 's not.
        
         | worldsayshi wrote:
         | Laziest option would probably be the option that developer is
         | most familiar with.
        
       | guptaneil wrote:
       | If anyone is interested in having this type of real-time usage
       | data for their own own home, I highly recommend IoTaWatt:
       | https://iotawatt.com
       | 
       | It's a completely local energy monitor that you can install into
       | your home's circuit breaker panel, and then view dashboards or
       | read data via an API from a local web server running on-device.
       | You choose how many sensors you want, but you can monitor your
       | whole home as well as individual circuits.
       | 
       | For example, I track and trigger automations when my various
       | appliances (laundry, dishwasher, microwave, etc) start/stop. It's
       | very cool. Just be warned that it does require some research,
       | basic understanding of electricity, and comfort working with high
       | voltage mains connections if you plan to DIY it but I found it
       | approachable and easy to setup.
       | 
       | What it looks like: https://i.ibb.co/qBVmBD1/IMG-1595.jpg
        
       | tartrate wrote:
       | I'm curious, how do people record the history of their adventures
       | like this? I assume this doesn't all come from memory. And
       | writing some kind of diary for everything you mess around with
       | must be hard. Or is it common?
        
         | haswell wrote:
         | Personally, I tend to create a master note for each project
         | like this I dig into, and dump as much information into it as I
         | can. This helps me keep track of what I've looked at and avoid
         | retracing my steps too much, and in the end would be a good
         | basis for a blog post.
         | 
         | I used to be able to write about things like this from memory,
         | but as I've gotten older, I've come to rely quite a bit more on
         | journaling and using "2nd brain" tools like Obsidian.
         | 
         | One of the most useful habits I ever started is using
         | Obsidian's daily journal feature to jot things down every day:
         | 
         | - Things I'm working on that day
         | 
         | - How I'm feeling
         | 
         | - Ideas that pop up about projects
         | 
         | - References to useful sites / code snippets / various
         | explorations
         | 
         | It's one of the few tools I've found that lets me dump truly
         | just about everything into it, and by the end of a project, I
         | either have a nice collection of draft paragraphs to clean up
         | in a blog post, or a nice future reference for myself when I
         | want to do something similar in the future. And because of the
         | automatic note-to-note connections that Obsidian builds, the
         | daily journal always links back to the more concrete topic
         | notes I've touched that day.
         | 
         | > _writing some kind of diary for everything you mess around
         | with must be hard_
         | 
         | It was only hard until I had established the habit. Now I can't
         | imagine _not_ doing it because of the productivity gains that
         | come with it. I get further on things because everything I do
         | leaves behind a tangible bit of progress (in the form of a
         | note) that I can pick back up later.
        
         | CliffStoll wrote:
         | Keeping a logbook is a part of experimental physics.  In grad
         | school, I learned "If you don't write it down, it didn't
         | happen."             And a diary is easy and fun - just a
         | sentence or two every day (even on a wall calendar) reminds you
         | of experiences, travels, travails, and the daily whatnot of
         | life.            Useful?  Sure!  My lab notebook and home diary
         | were prime ingredients in writing m'book, The Cuckoo's Egg.
        
         | boulos wrote:
         | I made a simple bash alias for this:                 mknote ()
         | {        emacs -nw $HOME/notes/`date "+%Y-%m-%d-"`${1}.txt
         | }
         | 
         | so that I can do:                 $ mknote FooTopic
         | 
         | and start recording things.
         | 
         | I also have enote:                 enote () {        local
         | newest=$(ls -Ft $HOME/notes/\*.txt | grep "$1" | head -n 1)
         | emacs -nw $newest       }
         | 
         | to go back and edit them by name.
        
       | scotty79 wrote:
       | The bit about how this device gets it's "Always accurate time" is
       | the best part:
       | 
       | The device itself does not seem to be connected to the internet
       | at all.
       | 
       | Actually, the time on the device itself is entirely incorrect,
       | somewhere in 2015. But when I open the web UI, it now shows the
       | correct time, even without an initial 15 minute delay.
       | 
       | Turns out, they found out an even more innovative time sync
       | mechanism. When you open the UI in the browser, they quickly
       | redirect you to "/set-time/" + Date.now(). This sets a global
       | variable in the Node.js app responsible for "now".
       | 
       | https://mastodon.social/@laplab/111789584104871367
        
       | yieldcrv wrote:
       | ChatGPT4V is pretty good at this by the way
        
       | fiznool wrote:
       | After reading this (very entertaining) article, I think I can
       | guess why the fuse on his machine was missing. This is exactly
       | what I would do, if I was met with this monstrosity!
        
       | rezonant wrote:
       | This was an incredible read! I'm diving into my own hobbyist IoT
       | project and it was super interesting to see how this spelunk
       | turned out. The extra bits about NetThings exploits are the icing
       | on the cake!
        
       | hsuduebc2 wrote:
       | Very interesting read. Thank you.
        
       | ainiriand wrote:
       | That's why when companies like this dissappear they should
       | release the source code to help the users.
        
       | fnord77 wrote:
       | > The construction was finished in 2015, which ensured pretty
       | good thermal isolation for winters
       | 
       | I made this mistake
        
       | camtarn wrote:
       | Heh, small world. They were briefly a client of ours back when I
       | joined my current company in 2015. We were hired to develop a
       | prototype PLC-based energy monitoring system for a cafe, based on
       | the idea of profiling various devices' energy usage (and maybe
       | mains harmonics?) so you could tell which devices were switching
       | on and off. The project was already underway when I joined, so my
       | involvement was limited to drilling some holes in enclosures.
       | 
       | I never really heard anything more from them after the project
       | was complete. Interesting to see what else they did.
        
       | masterrr wrote:
       | When I first moved to London NW3 in 2016 I also had this thing in
       | my apt but it always seemed to crash right after you boot it
       | using the pin.
       | 
       | This article finally gave me closure.
        
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