[HN Gopher] 1,100 Declassified U.S. Nuclear Targets
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       1,100 Declassified U.S. Nuclear Targets
        
       Author : throwup238
       Score  : 76 points
       Date   : 2024-01-20 19:52 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (futureoflife.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (futureoflife.org)
        
       | 082349872349872 wrote:
       | Having lived through MAD, I still can't believe this century got
       | off to a start so bent out of shape over mere terrorism.
       | 
       | (upon reflection, having also lived through the pandemic, I can
       | believe it)
        
         | nyokodo wrote:
         | > so bent out of shape over mere terrorism
         | 
         | 9/11 was an attack on the greatest symbols of American power on
         | American soil. Suffice to say, Americans are not accustomed to
         | that and they went mad with rage and fear. Cue a generation of
         | death, destruction, and the reshaping of the world as America
         | worked through that trauma.
         | 
         | It wasn't just mere terrorism but also the psychological result
         | of American strategic isolation.
        
           | jameskilton wrote:
           | I like to put it slightly differently:
           | 
           | 9/11 was the most successful terrorist attack in modern
           | history. We are _still_ running scared.
        
             | nyokodo wrote:
             | > We are still running scared.
             | 
             | Not as compared to 9/11 through ~2017. America has largely
             | returned to the geopolitical indifference it had in the
             | 1990s but with much greater exhaustion for direct foreign
             | military intervention and cynicism about strategic
             | alliances.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | Foreign policy wise the ship never was off course at all
               | from the doctrine its had for decades. In terms of the
               | American people though, its obvious how the event has
               | severely damaged us both in terms of how we think about
               | our fellow people, and the sort of restrictions and
               | surveillance we have imposed on ourselves in the name of
               | safety since.
        
           | bongodongobob wrote:
           | I don't think most people considered the WTC as a symbol of
           | anything other than tall buildings. Or at the worst, a symbol
           | of unfettered capitalism. It seems to me it was made into
           | that symbol after the fact to get everyone's feathers
           | rustled.
           | 
           | In 2000, if you were to ask someone what building represented
           | the success of the US, I'd bet the majority would say Statue
           | of Liberty, Empire State Building, or Sears Tower. Maybe that
           | answer would be different for New Yorkers though, idk.
           | 
           | The psychology that should be noted was the government and
           | media whipping the populace into a psychotic frenzy which
           | made us willing to murder a quarter million people in a
           | country that had nothing to do with the attack. The fact that
           | this isn't brought up every time 9/11 is mentioned is a
           | travesty.
        
             | idiotsecant wrote:
             | I think you have the cause and the effect mixed up. The
             | government didn't have to 'whip us up' we did that entirely
             | on our own. The government was able to go places they never
             | could because of that fervor, but they had at most a
             | marginal role in creating it. You're wildly misremembering
             | how much fear there was on day 0, before the government had
             | a chance to do anything.
             | 
             | We, as a civilization, are riding the razors edge of
             | stability. The amount of energy required to destabilize the
             | system, when applied in just the right way, is shockingly
             | small.
        
               | nyokodo wrote:
               | > We, as a civilization, are riding the razors edge of
               | stability.
               | 
               | This is massively overstating the impact on the west, and
               | America specifically. Obviously it massively disrupted
               | life and civilization in the Middle East and elsewhere,
               | and it lead to the death of 10s of 1000s of military
               | personnel and degraded civil liberties in America and
               | elsewhere. But it had no substantial impact on
               | "civilization" in the west.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | Apart from seeding a culture of paranoia and xenophobia,
               | and converting the Anglosphere from a mid-trust culture
               | into a low-trust culture.
               | 
               | See also, airport security theatre.
        
             | nyokodo wrote:
             | > I don't think most people considered the WTC as a symbol
             | of anything other than tall buildings
             | 
             | The WTC clearly represents American economic might, but the
             | Pentagon was attacked also and that represents American
             | military power. The White House narrowly avoided being hit.
             | Additionally, people don't have to consciously understand
             | what things symbolize for that to be make an impact on
             | them. Plus, it wasn't just a message to Americans but to
             | the world, especially the Muslim world, and the WTC had
             | been unsuccessfully attacked 8 years previously so it was a
             | symbol of failure for them. Not afterwards!
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | It was not so much a symbol as it was "hitting close to
             | home".
             | 
             | It's one thing to see the body bags of soldiers coming
             | back. It's another to see death and destruction in your own
             | city.
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | I think the reaction to 9/11 was the US wanting to make the
             | point "you destroy a few office buildings, we destroy a few
             | nations" very clear to the rest of the world.
        
               | rad_gruchalski wrote:
               | Idk, I think it was about money. Someone must have made a
               | ton of money out of that. And that weird connection
               | between the president and the family of the guy who pulls
               | that off... edit: Arbusto Energy it was called.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | Not only.
               | 
               | https://www.vanityfair.com/news/2003/10/saving-the-
               | saudis-20...
        
               | bongodongobob wrote:
               | That's what the terrorists were ostensibly protesting
               | though. By fucking up Iraq we kind of proved them right.
        
             | asdff wrote:
             | Just as a note for the cultural impact, for many movies
             | after they were constructed, B roll footage showing NYC
             | skylines seemed to often feature them over things like the
             | Empire State Building or even the Statue of Liberty. They
             | were apparently featured in over 1100 films.
             | 
             | https://donnagrunewald.wixsite.com/wtcinmovies
        
             | hammyhavoc wrote:
             | You've evidently forgotten the concurrent attack on the
             | Pentagon in the same hour on 9/11.
        
           | carlosjobim wrote:
           | 3000 civilians were killed in a single attack. It's not about
           | the buildings or any symbolism, it's about the tragic loss of
           | life in first hand. Everything else second. If you're looking
           | for symbolism, you have the January 6 insurrection.
        
           | nathancahill wrote:
           | Fixed:
           | 
           | Cue a generation of death, destruction, and the reshaping of
           | the world as America _co-opted the trauma to start a
           | generation of unjustifiable wars and massively reduce civil
           | liberties._
        
         | hammyhavoc wrote:
         | "mere terrorism"? It was an attack on a civilian target. Pearl
         | Harbor was a military installation. The USA had never faced
         | anything approaching the scale of 9/11. The WTC 1993 attack and
         | OK City bombing in 1995 didn't come close. It became very
         | apparent how complacent the USA had become.
         | 
         | Unlike a state attacking another state, pinning down _where_
         | these people were getting their orders from was difficult.
         | Considering what your age must be, I 'm surprised you struggle
         | to understand the difference between an openly militarized
         | nation versus terrorist cells that could be anywhere and
         | anybody. There's no coordinates to punch into a MAD system when
         | it comes to terrorists.
         | 
         | If it was so easy, years wouldn't have been spent searching for
         | the likes of Bin Laden.
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | Scale? Less than 3000 people died during 9/11. That is
           | nothing compared to anything else that's happening in the
           | world. With or without the US's involvement.
           | 
           | Edit:
           | 
           | he U.S. post-9/11 wars in Iraq, Afghanistan, Yemen, Syria,
           | and Pakistan have taken a tremendous human toll on those
           | countries. As of September 2021, an estimated 432,093
           | civilians in these countries have died violent deaths as a
           | result of the wars
           | 
           | 144 times as many CIVILIANS were killed by the US.
        
             | hammyhavoc wrote:
             | It isn't about body count, it's about a handful of people
             | taking control of aircraft and causing mass destruction
             | with minimal effort, energy and resources expended.
             | 
             | It also isn't about whether it is "nothing" compared to
             | what is happening elsewhere, the topic at hand is the USA.
             | The rest of the world isn't what is being discussed.
             | 
             | There were weaknesses in the US national security threat
             | model. It wasn't a major consideration that someone would
             | hijack a plane and fly it into NYC, the major assumption
             | was that an attack would come from another nation, and it
             | would be military, and it would be detected as hostile in
             | aerospace. Guise of a civilian aircraft? Yeah, that was a
             | gaping hole.
             | 
             | Come on, the fucking Pentagon had a plane flown into it on
             | the same day.
             | 
             | It's one thing for gov to get hacked by teens, it's another
             | thing to have a terrorist org do all that in the space of a
             | few hours.
        
               | jbverschoor wrote:
               | > A handful of people taking control of aircraft and
               | causing mass destruction with minimal effort, energy and
               | resources expended.
               | 
               | Sure, the same can be said about the handful of people in
               | the US: The president, the Secretary of Defense /
               | Department of "Defense"
        
               | hammyhavoc wrote:
               | Again, the topic isn't other countries, the topic is the
               | USA. My comment addresses that topic. You're trying to
               | argue something completely orthogonal to what my comment
               | or the one I'm responding to is about.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | I don't see how the US responded in Rest of World is even
               | remotely irrelevant.
        
               | richardw wrote:
               | Given you only want to measure US impact: The US lost
               | more soldiers in the war on terror than people killed in
               | 9/11. And spent by some counts $8 trillion. Compared to
               | the threats posts by MAD, 9/11 was a rounding error and
               | wasted an enormous amount of blood, treasure and
               | political capital. On that day, the world was with you.
               | We were all New Yorkers.
               | 
               | But instead of fixing a few gaps and taking out a few
               | leaders per month indefinitely, the US allowed itself to
               | be distracted massively for decades, surely way beyond
               | what the terrorists could have dreamed of. It was
               | basically first prize for Osama. I'm not sure what the
               | full count of the US economic and social losses are but
               | it's probably indescribable. Someone waved a red flag and
               | Bush couldn't help himself.
               | 
               | The smart move would have been to rise above it. You're
               | the greatest nation on earth. You don't get distracted by
               | a few terrorists, you get on with changing the world.
        
               | hammyhavoc wrote:
               | I'm a Brit. You're talking to me like I'm an American.
               | 
               | I understand your sentiment, but I disagree, "you get on
               | with changing the world", which should include preserving
               | that which already exists.
               | 
               | People forget about the concurrent attack on the Pentagon
               | on 9/11. If all that can happen in the space of less than
               | an hour, that was not a threat to be ignored, and more
               | would have followed had something not been done.
               | 
               | You're also conflating improving national security with
               | boots-on-the-ground searching for supposed WMDs in
               | another country. The two things are not the same in any
               | way. Your argument is total "whataboutery".
               | 
               | If you have holes in national security that allowed
               | something like 9/11 to happen, including the attack on
               | the Pentagon on that same morning, you do something to
               | prevent the likes of it, or worse, from happening again.
               | You can't even argue against that.
        
               | richardw wrote:
               | > I'm a Brit. You're talking to me like I'm an American.
               | 
               | You got me.
               | 
               | > whataboutery
               | 
               | Since we're slinging terms around: false dichotomy.
               | 
               | I'm not arguing that they should have ignored it. Fix the
               | specific issues without creating more, broader, deeper
               | issues. The approach used wasted massive resources of all
               | kinds - economic, social, lives, focus. There were
               | infinitely better outcomes that could have been achieved
               | at lower overall cost. 8 trillion is a lot of misplaced
               | focus spent in deserts far away.
               | 
               | Don't mix up the "what" with "how". Fix the problem, but
               | not stupidly.
        
               | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
               | Somehow I suspect taking control of governments by - for
               | example - invading them, or fomenting revolutions, is
               | more dangerous than taking control of aircraft.
               | 
               | And the "security weaknesses" were mostly in the White
               | House.
               | 
               | https://www.politico.eu/article/attacks-will-be-
               | spectacular-...
        
               | hammyhavoc wrote:
               | Oh, you mean like the concurrent attack on the Pentagon
               | on 9/11?
               | https://www.history.navy.mil/research/archives/digital-
               | exhib...
        
           | jbverschoor wrote:
           | Sure, just like Sadam.. Have your seen Bush recently about
           | that? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=58DXSSBs4u0
           | 
           | "the result is an absence of checks and balances in Russia
           | and the decision of one man to launch a wholly unjustified
           | and brutal invasion of Iraq.. i mean of Ukraine... heh.. Iraq
           | too"
        
             | mardifoufs wrote:
             | What a piece of shit lol. Even Putin at least pretends
             | (wink wink) that he actually thinks his invasion is
             | justified. That the US has no problem with basically not
             | just letting this guy get away with it but even
             | "rehabilitating" him in the past few years... it's a bit
             | unbelievable and clearly sets the precedent
             | internationally. This video always plays back in my head
             | whenever I hear about how good pax americana is or how our
             | side at least has "good intentions" lmao.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _absence of checks and balances in Russia and the
             | decision of one man to launch a wholly unjustified and
             | brutal invasion of Iraq.. i mean of Ukraine... heh.. Iraq
             | too_
             | 
             | Uh, the Wars in Afghanistan and Iraq were sanctioned by the
             | Congress. Overwhelmingly. Then the people who started them
             | were replaced, thrice, giving the problem fresh sets of
             | eyes. Comparing W. Bush _et al_ to Putin is ridiculous on
             | many levels, even if the wars _per se_ share
             | characteristics. (Most potently, in being massive
             | blunders.)
        
               | jbverschoor wrote:
               | Bush's words, not mine
        
         | scotty79 wrote:
         | United States builds their identity through their enemy. It
         | started in WWII and worked so good that they almost immediately
         | adopted communists as their new enemy. When Soviet Union
         | eventually surpisingly collapsed despite US constantly proping
         | them up as credible enemy, they started losing identity.
         | Fortunately, accidentally seeded terrorist groups cropped up
         | and did significant enough damage. US eagerly elevated them to
         | the position of the new main enemy providing all the necessary
         | PR. Even the name Al Qaeda was pretty much invented by US
         | trying to figure out who hit them. Before US started using this
         | name it was a name of random training camp.
         | 
         | As nice and safe the terrorists were as an enemy, everybody
         | knew that it won't last long. It just wasn't convincing and
         | terrorists, apart from few events, were pretty much worthless.
         | 
         | So US naturally picked next solid enemy, China for their next
         | hopefully long and prosperous cold war.
         | 
         | Having an enemy is super important for US politics, their
         | industry and social structure. It gives them excuses for
         | protectionism. It gives them ability to have an alternative to
         | increasingly impoverished civilian customers when it comes to
         | stimulating innovation and industrial growth. It allowes them
         | to give jobs to people that in purely civilian economy wouls
         | just raise unemployment and unrest. All the culture of US is
         | soaked in hero/villain dynamics that consolidates society and
         | prevents from asking too many questions in the presence of a
         | villain.
         | 
         | The problem now is that US is starting to drop the ball. World
         | caught up with their advantage of being the only major economy
         | not damaged by WWII. Unfortunately the current US enemy is on
         | more capable side. So this time, maybe for the first time, the
         | US is in the real danger. Maybe isolationist tendencies of
         | Trump and his fans are not such a bad thing. Maybe US should go
         | back to pre-wwii state. Times when US could credibly pretend
         | they are on top of things, not just bit ahead of the pack, are
         | pretty much over.
        
           | TheOtherHobbes wrote:
           | Kind of right, kind of not. There are unarguably factions in
           | the US that consider fascists like Putin to be friends, not
           | enemies, and would happily consider an international
           | alliance.
           | 
           | And US force-projection has few defences against the kind of
           | subversion of key figures that Putin has decided to
           | specialise in.
           | 
           | The US will continue in some form. But the post-Enlightenment
           | liberal/rationalist/progressive current in the US and Europe
           | is in deadly danger.
        
       | yieldcrv wrote:
       | 2016
       | 
       | too bad the detonate website is from an even earlier time because
       | it doesnt work on iphone
        
         | ivan_gammel wrote:
         | Just use landscape orientation
        
       | surfingdino wrote:
       | Could we also have lists of targets compiled by other nuclear
       | powers?
        
         | wrsh07 wrote:
         | There's something deeply unsettling about an interaction where
         | you pick a location (not in the US) and click "detonate"
         | 
         | That might be intentional (and could make for an interesting
         | art experience!) but I'm honestly more interested in
         | understanding averages than individual examples. Eg ten
         | warheads are randomly detonated at one of the locations, 100?
         | 1000?
         | 
         | It's important to note that there's no chance we have dozens of
         | nuclear warheads flying without retaliatory strikes
        
         | AniseAbyss wrote:
         | I remember reading that although France had a completely
         | independent nuclear force they did secretly cooperate with NATO
         | on targeting sites so that none of their nukes would be
         | "wasted".
        
         | justahuman74 wrote:
         | https://www.cbsnews.com/chicago/news/best-places-to-survive-...
         | 
         | has a map of what would get hit in the US
        
         | The_Colonel wrote:
         | I have just tidbit - that Vienna, the capital of a neutral
         | country Austria, was one of the first Soviet targets for
         | nuclear strike:
         | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/austria/13...
        
       | MichaelZuo wrote:
       | This can't be full list from 1956, since there's nothing in
       | Mongolia.
        
         | adrian_b wrote:
         | I doubt that there was any target of strategic importance in
         | Mongolia, which would have justified the expense of an ICBM.
        
           | mardifoufs wrote:
           | Mhmm that makes Mongolia the perfect place to put missile
           | launchers ;)
        
       | Mountain_Skies wrote:
       | At least for 1956, we know that one side was only targeting its
       | enemies. There's long been debate over if the nuclear powers
       | would lob a few warheads in the direction of some of neutral
       | countries to prevent them from becoming hegemons in the post
       | nuclear war world.
        
         | pi-e-sigma wrote:
         | Totally plausible. Actually even more plausible as a way to
         | draw neutral countries into the war because in all-out exchange
         | there would be no way to be 100% sure whose warhead landed on
         | your head.
        
         | roywiggins wrote:
         | In the 60s the US contemplated nuking China in response to a
         | Soviet strike on the US:
         | 
         | "In 2012, the Interagency Security Classification Appeals Panel
         | (ISCAP) declassified an important document on the pre-
         | delegation instructions approved by President Lyndon Johnson in
         | early 1964. Under the instructions, if the Soviet Union or
         | China launched a nuclear attack on the United States that
         | knocked the president or his successor out of action, making
         | communication impossible, U.S. commanders-in-chief of unified
         | or specified commands (such as Strategic Air Command or
         | European Command) had the authority to retaliate against the
         | entire Sino-Soviet bloc, even if some Soviet allies or China
         | had not launched an attack."
         | 
         | https://nsarchive.gwu.edu/briefing-book/nuclear-vault/2018-0...
        
         | The_Colonel wrote:
         | Apparently Vienna was an early Soviet target:
         | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/austria/13...
         | 
         | But I don't think it was about the post-nuclear-war hegemony,
         | it was more immediate. There was always the risk that e.g.
         | Swedish airfields could be used by USA (with or without Swedish
         | approval) to bomb e.g. St. Petersburg.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | That's one of the reasons why Sweden has lots of stretches of
           | highways that can be used as makeshift airbases. Especially
           | during the cold war there were many.
           | 
           | https://www.mil-airfields.de/se/list.htm
        
       | ivan_gammel wrote:
       | It is interesting to see that in Southern Urals the major nuclear
       | manufacturing sites Chelyabinsk-40 and Zlatoust-20 (as they were
       | named in 1956) are not targets and would not be affected, but
       | their civilian doppelgangers would be hit. The secrecy of the
       | Soviet nuclear program was probably quite good.
        
         | asdff wrote:
         | It was probably so much easier (and still is) to integrate as a
         | spy in the U.S. than the other way around.
        
           | takinola wrote:
           | My understanding is spies are mostly compromised nationals as
           | opposed to foreigners trying to blend in.
        
           | ivan_gammel wrote:
           | Dragon Ladies flew over Soviet Union from 1955 until 1960,
           | when Powers was shot down near Sverdlovsk, i.e. a bit farther
           | to the north from interesting locations. Those spy planes
           | could make a photo of the sites.
        
       | jgilias wrote:
       | This is pretty fascinating when living in an ex-USSR country.
       | There's a target between two major cities in the forest at a non-
       | descript village. I know what's there though. In the Soviet times
       | there used to be a large facility hosting hundreds of tanks.
       | 
       | At the same time, I know of a place that used to be a rocket
       | launch base. There were around 10 across my country alone. I
       | don't see any of those being targeted.
        
         | cornholio wrote:
         | It seems the non-USSR eastern Europe would have been completely
         | reduced to nuclear ash, unlike most of the USSR, which is much
         | less covered due to its size and sparse population. In my city
         | alone there were three targets.
        
           | jgilias wrote:
           | But that's not really surprising. There's a lot of targets in
           | the Baltics. But the reason is that the Soviets put a lot of
           | military objects there because it's just closer to the
           | potential frontline, as well as targets further west.
           | 
           | I'm just happy we got out of that nightmare. If for some
           | reason we were still part of Russia, chances are I'd be sent
           | off to kill Ukrainians right as we speak. Given that people
           | from ethnic minorities are 200x more likely to be drafted
           | than Russians from Moscow or St Petersburg.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | I'd be dead. Along with quarter of million people in my city.
           | Just because there's a very small civilian airport with one
           | runway that serves about 12 planes per day, on the outskirts.
           | 
           | Screw the coldwar US.
        
             | jgilias wrote:
             | Time for more stories then.
             | 
             | I have a family friend who's old enough to have served in
             | the Soviet military. The guy is a sharp dude who had really
             | good grades in math. So when he was drafted he was directly
             | enlisted into the 'rocket force' as a guy who does the
             | trajectory calculations. He served in Kaliningrad.
             | 
             | He tells that they'd get drills where they are woken up at
             | night, and then need to calculate trajectories for hitting
             | Oslo, Paris, London, etc.
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | I'd expect nothing less from Russian side. But my country
               | has and always had a lot of sympathy for the US. Always
               | awaiting their eventual win as our saviors. So it feels
               | just wrong. It's like learning that their main plan to
               | end the standoff was to shoot the hostages in the first
               | volley.
        
               | jemmyw wrote:
               | In an all or nuclear exchange nobody was going to win
        
               | ivan_gammel wrote:
               | When I was studying in MIPT, we had a course on
               | mathematical support of military operations. Basically,
               | there was an intro to the navigation systems of ICBMs and
               | calculations of trajectories. We even had some parts of
               | an old ICBM in the room. I dropped out of it, once I
               | learned that after I'd get an officer rank at graduation
               | there will be higher chances to be drafted to some
               | location in Siberia and serve one year more than a
               | private.
        
             | TheCleric wrote:
             | The US is no saint to be sure, but this goes both ways. I
             | was aware growing up I'd be vaporized if nuclear war ever
             | broke out seeing as I lived right next to a major Air Force
             | base.
        
           | onthecanposting wrote:
           | Well, how many US ICBMs actually work is an open question and
           | the recent test results aren't good. You might not have much
           | to worry about.
        
             | rblatz wrote:
             | Can you provide details? I've not heard any concern about
             | the readiness of US weapons, but have heard a lot since the
             | Ukraine war about the poor state of Russian military
             | equipment.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | I don't know about the weapons, but there have certainly
               | been reports of a lot of personnel readiness issues [1]
               | 
               | I suspect in the cold war, missile crews could feel it
               | was an important job, high-tech and well-funded, even if
               | it tedious, unsociable and morally questionable. It no
               | longer has those upsides.
               | 
               | [1] https://apnews.com/united-states-
               | government-b942adacae524dcf...
        
               | rainworld wrote:
               | Recent Minuteman ICBM test failure:
               | https://www.military.com/daily-news/2023/11/02/minuteman-
               | iii...
               | 
               |  _I've not heard any concern_
               | 
               | Because you're not supposed to.
               | 
               |  _have heard a lot since the Ukraine war_
               | 
               | Because you're supposed to.
        
             | tomatotomato37 wrote:
             | [delayed]
        
         | toast0 wrote:
         | Was your launch base established in 1956? The US went through
         | several launch systems during the cold war and some launch
         | sites were reused but some sites were new.
        
           | jgilias wrote:
           | I don't really know. The context is that as a kid I went to a
           | kind of a military training after school activity. That
           | sounds super weird, I know, but it was fun, got to learn the
           | basic military training.
           | 
           | Anyway, we had a summer camp for a week or so near one of
           | these decommissioned rocket facilities, and we were just told
           | to not go anywhere near the silos, as they're pretty deep.
           | So, I know where it is, but I don't know when it was
           | commissioned.
        
             | bunabhucan wrote:
             | All the slio locations are public information and have
             | wikipedia pages. If you know the location you are
             | interested in you can probably find it with some sleuthing
             | or googling "decomissioned nuclear silo [state]". e.g. here
             | are the north dakota ones
             | 
             | https://www.nps.gov/articles/mappingmissilefield.htm
        
         | mardifoufs wrote:
         | That's probably the case for the US too. The numerous missile
         | silos all over middle America, in the middle of farmlands
         | probably made for very attractive targets.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | Yeah they went to great lengths to hide them but did this
           | really work? I always doubt it.
           | 
           | I never really saw the point in hiding or targeting them
           | though. But the time a Russian launch would be detected the
           | launch would be triggered and the silos would have already
           | been empty by the time the warhead arrived.
        
             | CapitalistCartr wrote:
             | We didn't hide ours (American). We put up chain link with
             | barbed wire, razor tape, and nice signs that started, "Use
             | of deadly force authorized."
        
             | macintux wrote:
             | Launch detection was, I believe, not all that robust in the
             | early days, and making sure that the enemy couldn't
             | precisely target all of your silos, and making sure they
             | _knew_ they couldn 't, was presumably useful for
             | deterrence.
        
               | toast0 wrote:
               | Looks like an ICBM flight is about 30 minutes. Even if
               | you have good launch detection, that's not a lot of time
               | to communicate, decide, and launch the counter strike. If
               | missiles aren't on standby, it takes time to prepare
               | them.
               | 
               | There's a good chance some counter launches get
               | delayed... Seems like a lucky first strike could
               | significantly reduce the counter strike. But everyone
               | loses anyway.
        
       | xg15 wrote:
       | A bit sobering that there is a target right in the center of
       | Berlin with several other targets in close vicinity - a mere 7
       | years after the Berlin Airlift. I guess the US compassion for
       | Berliners did have limits after all.
        
         | ivan_gammel wrote:
         | That would include US citizen too. They probably just
         | realistically looked at the survival chances of West Berlin in
         | case of full scale war. Soviets were confident that with
         | conventional warfare they would reach the Channel in mere
         | weeks, nuclear was really the only deterrent.
        
       | The_Colonel wrote:
       | An interesting choice of (non)targets. Bratislava, the second-
       | largest city of Czechoslovakia (and capital of Slovakia) would
       | have been spared.
       | 
       | I get that the military targets got priority, but I would have
       | expected that large population centers would get hit as overall
       | strategic targets too.
       | 
       | Another thing I noticed is how many targets there are in the
       | Baltics given the small population. It has like triple the amount
       | of targets in comparison to Czechoslovakia even though it has/had
       | only about half of the population. I don't know how to explain
       | that, it's not like Czechoslovakia had less strategic position or
       | smaller weapon industry.
        
         | treprinum wrote:
         | It's likely due to being close to Vienna that would take an
         | indirect hit in that case. Also, it seems to be covered in the
         | follow up fallout so it would be severely damaged anyway.
        
           | The_Colonel wrote:
           | "Likely" based on what? I'm not sure how much consideration
           | NATO gave to neutral countries. Vienna is about 50 kilometers
           | from Bratislava, it shouldn't receive that much damage.
           | 
           | Compare that with West Berlin (a NATO city) which is getting
           | 5 nukes all around its borders, not farther than 10
           | kilometers. (with some more nukes in a slightly larger
           | distance, but still less than 50)
        
       | runlevel1 wrote:
       | To my knowledge, no Russian targeting plans have ever been
       | declassified, but an open source project called OPEN-RISOP[^1]
       | has a few hypothetical attack plans that give some idea of what
       | would be targeted.
       | 
       | Its creator, David Teter, is a former advisor to USSTRATCOM, DIA,
       | and DTRA on strategic plans (SIOP/OPLANs 8044/8010), kinetic and
       | non-kinetic weapon effects, vulnerability analysis, and
       | targeting.
       | 
       | It's raw data, so to get a visualization you need to use
       | something like Nuclear War Simulator[^2]+. Here's a video showing
       | one such plan:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WF0mEOCK2KE
       | 
       | [^1]: https://github.com/davidteter/OPEN-RISOP
       | 
       | [^2]: https://nuclearwarsimulator.com
       | 
       | + NWS is on Steam, but don't go into it expecting a game-like
       | experience. It's more of a rather technical "what-if" simulator.
        
         | pi-e-sigma wrote:
         | There exist at least one declassified plan of the Warsaw Pact
         | showing all the targets the Soviets would strike with nuclear
         | weapons but also showing expected nuclear strikes by NATO
         | forces. It also shows extensive use of chemical weapons
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Days_to_the_River_Rhine A
         | very detailed map was declassified, unfortunately it's not
         | included in the wiki article. But you can google it
        
         | treprinum wrote:
         | There was some documentary about a Ukrainian silo with dampened
         | launchers and they mentioned they targeted China among others.
        
       | hasoleju wrote:
       | The number of targets in an area resemble the population density
       | of that area. It feels very strange to see the targets in the
       | former GDR. A lot of them close to Berlin. Part of that city was
       | not part of the USSR, but would still be affected heavily by the
       | attacks of the targets nearby.
        
       | sneed_chucker wrote:
       | > Even though today's nuclear targets list is classified, it
       | probably doesn't look dramatically different.
       | 
       | Uh I'm pretty sure it does look dramatically different in Europe
       | at least because a huge proportion of the targeted Warsaw pact
       | and Soviet Socialist Republic countries in 1956 are now part of
       | NATO.
       | 
       | Seems like a very ignorant statement to make.
        
       | gattr wrote:
       | On a related note: Cold War-era Polish military maps of the
       | British Isles, in case of a Warsaw Pact invasion thereof:
       | 
       | https://earthlymission.com/map-of-britain-teach-invading-pol...
       | 
       | > This Cold War era map was created to teach Polish troops how to
       | pronounce English place names in the event of an invasion against
       | Britain (click to enlarge). Towns and cities in Essex and Kent
       | are spelled out phonetically - resulting in interesting
       | transformations such as Southend-On-Sea into Saufend-On-Sji.
        
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       (page generated 2024-01-20 23:01 UTC)