[HN Gopher] The origins of the Guinness stout yeast
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       The origins of the Guinness stout yeast
        
       Author : bookofjoe
       Score  : 96 points
       Date   : 2024-01-14 12:40 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nature.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nature.com)
        
       | galeos wrote:
       | I appear to have a yeast intolerance that stops me drinking some
       | (but not all) beers. I can drink Guinness though! I didn't
       | realise it used a distinct strain of brewers yeast. If only
       | breweries listed the yeast they used in the ingredients, I could
       | narrow down which one(s) are problematic...
        
         | mewse-hn wrote:
         | Many beers are filtered to remove the yeast since it's not
         | really desirable once fermentation has completed. BUT - and a
         | big "but" - there are styles like hefeweizen and other
         | unfiltered beers that deliberately leave the yeast in for
         | flavour.
        
           | redblacktree wrote:
           | Many (most?) craft brewers also skip this step. "Desirable"
           | is in the eye of the beholder, and crucially, it saves
           | effort/time/money to leave it in. You can even market it as
           | "bottle conditioned," if you allow the final bit of
           | fermentation to do the carbonation. (i.e. add a bit of sugar
           | at the bottling step, rather than bottling carbonated beer.
        
           | humbleferret wrote:
           | Really interesting point about yeast being left in beers. I
           | always assumed yeast was removed at one point in all beer due
           | to its role in fermentation. The idea that styles like
           | hefeweizen intentionally keep the yeast for added flavour
           | surprised me. On a similar note, as someone who only drinks
           | non-alcoholic beer, I've noticed that while most use yeast,
           | some opt for 'simulated fermentation' without it. Yet, to my
           | taste, there isn't much difference between the two. This
           | makes me curious about what specific flavour characteristics
           | yeast is supposed to add. What should one look out for?
        
         | doctorhandshake wrote:
         | If you don't mind sharing, what are the symptoms you experience
         | when you have a yeast you can't tolerate? I ask because I
         | believe I might have a yeast intolerance of my own.
        
           | galeos wrote:
           | Relatively fast onset gastro symptoms. Used to be fine with
           | any beer but at about 21 started noticing the problem with a
           | lot of largers. Asahi, Tsing Tao, seemed less of a issue. Not
           | formula diagnosed.
        
             | bongodongobob wrote:
             | Those are rice beers. You might have an issue with the
             | grains used rather than yeast as there's no active yeast in
             | the vast majority of beer.
        
               | FrankoDelMar wrote:
               | And I suppose if someone really wanted to test out the
               | beer-yeast theory, they could pasteurize the suspect beer
               | and see if it causes the same issues.
        
               | throwawaymaths wrote:
               | You'd still get yeast peptides and glycans in there
        
             | doctorhandshake wrote:
             | Interesting. I have what are basically eosinophilic
             | esophagitis symptoms (feels like a food impaction) that
             | seems to be acutely triggered by unfiltered wheat beers but
             | I'm not bothered by rice beers. I had also homed in on
             | yeast as a possible culprit.
        
         | winslow wrote:
         | How did you find you have a yeast intolerance? Was there a test
         | you took? I've had some GI issues that have also limited my
         | consumption of beer despite having previously brewed beer along
         | with many other things I can no longer eat.
         | 
         | If you took a test that determined it was a yeast issue
         | disregard but I'm curious if you've tried things like hop water
         | (carbonated water with hops from beer). If you've had any
         | reactions to that when it's just hops and water.
         | 
         | Does bread give you issues? What about sourdough bread vs
         | traditional bread yeast bread?
        
           | ellisd wrote:
           | At least for me, all it took to discover an intolerance to
           | certain yeasts was visiting a tasting room for yeasts
           | (https://www.whitelabs.com/) and sniffing a beer containing
           | the specific type of yeast (Note: all the beers I was tasting
           | were variating just the brewing yeast).
           | 
           | The reaction caused a massive nasal congestion and a runny
           | nose that essentially ended my ability to taste or enjoy
           | further tastings for the day.
           | 
           | I've also seen this reaction occur across very similar beers:
           | Weihenstephaner Hefeweissbier non-organic is totally fine,
           | but the organic one will cause the nasal reaction.
        
           | galeos wrote:
           | Not tested. No issues at all with bread.
        
         | bregma wrote:
         | Is it an intolerance to the fungus itself or to one of their
         | metabolic products, like a particular complex sugar or fusel
         | oil, that end up being metabolized by your own intestinal flora
         | to your detriment?
        
         | throwawaymaths wrote:
         | Pretty much every beer uses a distinct "strain" of yeast so
         | that information is unlikely to be useful and it's probably
         | full of noise[0]. As per this paper one thing makes Guinness
         | interesting is that it's strain is fairly divergent.
         | 
         | [0] There are strain banks like white labs that perform lots of
         | analysis on the various beer strains.
        
         | hackernoteng wrote:
         | Those hazy-style IPAs absolutely wreak havoc on my stomach. I
         | think the unfiltered yeast that does it. I also do drink
         | Guinness without issues. Mostly it's hoppy IPA type beers that
         | dont agree with me. More filtered traditional beers are ok.
        
           | mywacaday wrote:
           | I only recently discovered the hazy IPAs, I find them much
           | easier to drink. Evolution is strange when 8t comes to
           | tolerances.
        
         | gwbas1c wrote:
         | How much beer can you drink before you have issues?
         | 
         | I used to get really sick around 16-24oz in. Then, one day
         | someone explained to me that corn syrup has a lot of the
         | reagent still in it, and I noticed that when I didn't consume
         | drinks with corn syrup, I could consume more beer.
         | 
         | I'm still limited to about 36oz, though.
        
         | dublin wrote:
         | About 15 years ago, I developed an unfortunate reaction to
         | drinking beer: heartburn that made me wish I was dead. Kinda
         | ruined Mexican and BBQ dinners, both of which are not just
         | tasty, but cultural events here in Texas. The condition got
         | progressively worse, but I still stepped up for the abuse from
         | time to time,until I tried a thick, chewy porter or stout that
         | did NOT trigger the dreaded heartburn. I still have the
         | heartburn (I manage it with an unusual mineral supplement), but
         | can almost always enjoy a good, dark, porter or stout (the
         | darker, the better), which has improved life quite a bit!
        
       | cubefox wrote:
       | Similar story about lager yeast:
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=35726235
        
       | divbzero wrote:
       | It's quite fitting that this paper on yeast from the Guiness
       | Brewery uses the _t_ -test from the Guinness Brewery:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Student's_t-test#History
        
       | dekhn wrote:
       | Yeast was known as godisgoode (this is speculative) and one of
       | the great moments in biochemistry history was the isolation of a
       | single yeast strain, which led to the industrialization of beer
       | production as well as many other cool things (some yeasts are
       | great models for genetics).
       | 
       | "In 1883 the Dane Emil Hansen published the findings of his
       | research at the Carlsberg brewery in Copenhagen and described the
       | isolation of a favourable pure yeast culture that he labelled
       | "Unterhefe Nr. I" (bottom-fermenting yeast no. 1),[10] a culture
       | that he identified as identical to the sample originally donated
       | to Carlsberg in 1845 by the Spaten Brewery of Munich.[11] This
       | yeast soon went into industrial production in Copenhagen in 1884
       | as Carlsberg yeast no. 1.[12]"
       | 
       | It looks like the work by Pasteur and Hansen was continued here:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geisenheim_Yeast_Breeding_Cent...
       | 
       | If there was ever a holy temple to the science of beer, it's
       | https://www.carlsberggroup.com/who-we-are/carlsberg-research...
       | 
       | The study of biochemical fermentation is known as "zymurgy" or
       | "zymology" and the enzyme (it's zymes all the way down) that
       | carries this out is zymase (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zymase)
        
         | lmm wrote:
         | That industrialization of beer was a major step backwards;
         | flavourless but cheap lager almost eliminated good traditional
         | beer.
        
           | Paul_S wrote:
           | Modern beer, even the industrial lager you despise is much
           | better that what 99% of people drank in the past. There is
           | almost no bad beer, the standards for water quality and
           | hygiene are high, the process and technology is well
           | understood and we can replicate the same beer batch after
           | batch, year after year.
        
       | QuercusMax wrote:
       | I'm a homebrewer, and I quite enjoy using the Guinness yeast
       | strain - Wyeast 1084 or White Labs WLP004. It gives a very
       | distinctive fruity flavor that I can often taste in craft-brewed
       | stouts and other ales. It also ferments SUPER fast, which can be
       | very convenient at times.
        
         | cf100clunk wrote:
         | Two more liquid yeasts of the Guinness strain:
         | 
         | Escarpment Irish Ale
         | 
         | Omega Irish OYL-005
        
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