[HN Gopher] NASA's plan to "swarm" Proxima Centauri with tiny pr...
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       NASA's plan to "swarm" Proxima Centauri with tiny probes
        
       Author : Brajeshwar
       Score  : 37 points
       Date   : 2024-01-10 16:32 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.sciencealert.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.sciencealert.com)
        
       | sp332 wrote:
       | Let's see, total surface area of 1 square km, 1,000 probes in the
       | swarm, that's 1,000 square meters per probe... but it can only
       | weigh a few grams? Also it can't be sparse because the point is
       | to capture light energy instead of letting it pass through.
        
         | robin_reala wrote:
         | The 1km^2 figure in the article was for the receiving "antenna"
         | on earth. It doesn't give a figure for the size of the sails,
         | but Breakthrough Starshot's equivalent swarm members were going
         | for 4m^2:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakthrough_Starshot#Light_sa...
        
       | snakeyjake wrote:
       | Breakthrough Starshot is a scam and I can't believe that NASA is
       | falling for it.
       | 
       | 1. Extremely high duty cycle 100 gigawatt laser. (edit: now
       | apparently it's an "array" because someone with a brain mentioned
       | that a 100 gigawatt laser is ludicrous) That's right 7 peak
       | summer output Grand Coulee Dams and 12 Palo Verde nuclear power
       | plants with all reactors operating simultaneously COMBINED would
       | be needed to power this laser.
       | 
       | 2. "Swarm" (jfc buzzwords) craft that are currently impossible to
       | create. The swarm behavior including networking, sensors, radio,
       | and command and control do not exist and are impossible at a
       | simple base level when considering RF energy requirements even
       | with far-future theoretical energy harvesting technology.
       | 
       | 3. Perfectly-spherical-frictionless-cow-ifying the EXTREMELY REAL
       | effects of space weather. Forget the interstellar medium, these
       | things will be blown out of the beamwidth by the time they reach
       | jupiter's orbit from solar winds alone.
        
         | chuckadams wrote:
         | It's one of many competing research projects, the sum total of
         | which add up to less than a single shuttle launch. I'm content
         | with a dead end or two.
        
         | hex4def6 wrote:
         | I'm curious about whether it's even feasible based on
         | dispersion issues. My understanding is that it's hard to beat
         | dispersion over long distances, regardless of your optics on
         | the laser (and we're talking _long_ distances here...)
         | 
         | Any optics experts able to chime in?
        
         | lxe wrote:
         | Given 1.6 sq meter 500W solar panels, that's an area of 320
         | square kilometers. That can be constructed at $1/w at $100
         | billion.
         | 
         | Also it's not necessary (or technically, it's actually
         | impossible) to have 100% duly cycle laser for propulsion.
         | 
         | It's definitely a megaproject, but it's not a "scam"
        
           | numtel wrote:
           | For comparison 320km2 is about 2.5 San Franciscos
        
             | lxe wrote:
             | I asked chatgpt to make a quick demo to demonstrate the
             | size of the 18x18 km2 square:
             | 
             | https://lxe.github.io/map/
        
           | 6d6b73 wrote:
           | Lasers are running at 30-40% efficiency so for a 100GW laser
           | you need 400GW power plant. But the power plant and
           | transmission has some losses so you probably would need 500GW
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | You announce this kind of project so Congress Critters can get
         | all up in arms about wasteful spending and is something that
         | can then later be sacrificed to make them feel like they've
         | done their job. Meanwhile...you have other projects that have
         | been protected from the axe because the sacrifices of this
         | farcical project.
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | So you're saying it's like the Queen's duck?
           | https://bwiggs.com/notebook/queens-duck/
        
       | readyplayernull wrote:
       | Thinking whether they could use one of the projects aiming to
       | launch small payloads into space, sort of space trebuchets:
       | 
       | SpinLaunch - Developing a system that spins a payload at ultra-
       | high speeds inside a vacuum chamber, then launches it into the
       | sky using stored rotational energy. They claim it could launch
       | small satellites for a fraction of the cost of traditional
       | rockets.
       | 
       | Launchloop - Proposed concept of using a powerful electromagnetic
       | accelerator called a Launchloop to fling payloads into space. It
       | would use low-cost electricity rather than expensive rocket fuel.
       | Still in early feasibility stage.
       | 
       | TAES - Developing a space trebuchet mechanism that uses
       | centrifugal force similar to how a trebuchet launches
       | projectiles. They're aiming to launch 6U CubeSats (10x10x30cm) to
       | Low Earth Orbit for a relatively low cost per launch.
       | 
       | Rocket Lab - Makes small Electron rockets for launching 150kg
       | payloads to LEO. Over 20 successful launches to date and helping
       | enable more frequent smallsat launches.
       | 
       | Virgin Orbit - Uses a modified Boeing 747 to carry a 2-stage
       | LauncherOne rocket to altitude, then releases and ignites to
       | place payloads in orbit. Aims for frequent, affordable smallsat
       | launches.
        
         | 14 wrote:
         | None of those solutions are suitable for this mission. These
         | satellites need to be traveling a hundreds of thousand of
         | kilometres an hour or more. Think about voyager 1 traveling at
         | 65,000km/hr. It is still over 18,000 years before it will reach
         | a light years distance and this mission is talking about 4
         | light years. So the launch really has zero importance as does
         | getting these satellites up to massive massive speeds. Anything
         | less then like 1million kilometres per hour is probably just
         | too slow. Edit: even at 1 million kilometres per hour it would
         | still take over 4000 years to reach the full distance so really
         | we need to be going unimaginably fast to get there.
        
         | temp0826 wrote:
         | Do these launchers actually make sense? Maybe from the moon
         | (obviously not for earth orbit-destined satellites, but deeper
         | space)
        
         | kolinko wrote:
         | Launching from altitude gives you very little, so does
         | spinlaunching.
         | 
         | It is because it's about speed, not altitude. Witch Spinlaunch,
         | they plan to laumch around 5000kmph, and you need a speed of
         | around 25000kmph to reach orbit.
         | 
         | In other words, they would need to use their setup to launch a
         | rocket of a size of 1/2-3/4 of size of a falcon1 to get into
         | orbit, and even then, unless they land the second stage, they
         | will come out far more expensive than what SpaceX is doing.
         | 
         | The tech may work on moon, but even on Moon a different
         | solution - similar to maglev - may be better, bacause there
         | would be no issues with crazy centrifugal forces.
         | 
         | Anything launching from earth will require some sort of a
         | rocket fuel (or some new laws of physics), because even if you
         | managed to launch at the speed of 25000km/h from the ground,
         | the payload would slow down before it left the atmosphere.
        
       | pokstad wrote:
       | Just put a frozen brain in space and use nukes to send it there.
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | This is the one time they are forcing the issue when the tech
       | isn't even close but instead throwing 100billion to make it
       | happen. Maybe use half that to do research for better fuel,
       | materials, miniaturization and the other 50 to launch with higher
       | chance of success
        
       | dtgriscom wrote:
       | This idea has shown up multiple times. I've never understood how
       | they plan to communicate back, especially with a) gram-scale
       | devices b) moving a significant fraction of the speed of light
       | away from us while being c) multiple light-years away.
        
       | ta93754829 wrote:
       | lets say we did this, and we got the tiny probes up to even
       | ~speed of light... then what are they going to do when they get
       | there? what sensors can they carry and report back. And we
       | wouldn't be able to slow them down, so they're going to transit
       | through the target solar system relatively quickly (days even).
        
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       (page generated 2024-01-10 23:00 UTC)