[HN Gopher] GE Vernova announces order of 674 wind turbines, pro...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       GE Vernova announces order of 674 wind turbines, providing 2.4 GW
       of power
        
       Author : geox
       Score  : 141 points
       Date   : 2024-01-09 15:05 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ge.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ge.com)
        
       | InTheArena wrote:
       | I'd be curious how this compares with some significant projects
       | in Europe and Asia?
        
         | i_am_jl wrote:
         | An output of 2.4Gw would make it the second most powerful
         | onshore wind farm by nameplate output. China's Gansu is much
         | (3-4x) more powerful. The UK's most powerful offshore farm,
         | Hornsea, is being built in phases. Their phase 1+2 nameplate
         | output is ~2.5Gw from 339 turbines, when finished they're
         | aiming for 6Gw.
         | 
         | It's big. It isn't the biggest and not really close to the
         | biggest, but it's big.
        
       | nharada wrote:
       | That's awesome, I wonder what the cost per MW came out to.
        
         | chris222 wrote:
         | iirc the transmission and generation was roughly an even split
         | on the 11 billion raised.
         | 
         | https://patternenergy.com/pattern-energy-closes-11-billion-f...
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | So assuming 25 to 45% capacity factor, $10k to $18k per
           | effective kW. Depreciate that linearly over 20 year's and you
           | get 5.8 to 10.5C/ per kWh before maintenance and operations.
           | Given Arizona pays about 16C//kWh, the project seems likely
           | to be viable.
        
             | epistasis wrote:
             | You are lumping together the transmission and generation
             | costs, which will have different service lifetimes.
             | 
             | Wind turbines are 30+, but advances in technology and
             | falling costs have incentivized many wind farms to repower
             | with bigger turbines far before the end of service life in
             | order to increase profitability.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _lumping together the transmission and generation
               | costs, which will have different service lifetimes_
               | 
               | Sure, it's back of the envelope. If you have more precise
               | figures I'm genuinely curious.
        
               | mikeyouse wrote:
               | An adjacent 350MW project from the same owners has a 46%
               | capacity factor and signed a 20-year agreement for
               | $0.04/kWh (they did qualify for the PTC so their 'real'
               | cost is $0.06/kWh) - this project will surely be well
               | under $0.10/kwh wholesale as well:
               | 
               | > _In the event Red Cloud qualifies for 100 percent of
               | the PTC, the energy price will be reduced by $2.00 per
               | MWh and the new energy price will be $41.00 per MWh. The
               | price for Test Energy will be reduced to $30.25 per MWh
               | and Excess Energy will be reduced to $16.40 per MWh._
               | 
               | https://clkrep.lacity.org/onlinedocs/2020/20-1217_misc_09
               | -24...
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | The best estimate was the 50% in the comment with the
               | original link, which would correspond to $120/mile for
               | transmission, which IIRC is right in the correct
               | ballpark.
        
             | guepe wrote:
             | Example in UK, offshore (with higher costs than onshore)
             | are about 60 pounds/mwh (lcoe, so all included). That's 6
             | cents /kwh and this is offshore
             | 
             | But UK has lots of offshore wind. Still the 10cents upper
             | range is probably quite a bit higher than the real number
             | here.
        
             | HDThoreaun wrote:
             | Wholesale electricity prices generally range from $0.01 to
             | $0.1 per kWh in the US.
             | https://www.eia.gov/electricity/monthly/update/wholesale-
             | mar...
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | ~$100/mile really highlights the challenge of transmission.
           | 
           | Already, our transmission and distribution costs are more
           | expensive than generation costs. Utilities want us to ignore
           | these costs, as unavoidably, because they get to "rate base"
           | T&D costs and charge a fixed rate of profit, meaning that
           | anything extra they can spend on T&D is more profit that,
           | without any competition.
           | 
           | This is why residential solar get such stiff propaganda
           | against it by utilities, going as far to say that residential
           | solar "freeloads" on the grid, rather than saving everybody
           | costs on the grid by reducing the peak needs of T&D.
           | 
           | With wind, perhaps these transmission costs are somewhat
           | unavoidable, but solar can be place elsewhere, and all solar
           | that avoided this doubling of costs due to extra T&D costs
           | should be highly encouraged by everyone (except the
           | utilities, who lose out on profit).
        
             | vlovich123 wrote:
             | I find it hard to believe that truly self-sustained
             | residential solar (solar panels + batteries all local) is
             | going to be net cheaper than centralized grid generation.
             | The maintenance costs should be significantly higher,
             | particularly for the batteries.
             | 
             | It's not propaganda. The reason it's freeloading is that
             | you're still connected to the grid and thus the T&D costs
             | are still there as they're largely fixed. Utilities have
             | done a poor job of pricing T&D costs correctly (your hookup
             | cost is massively subsidized on the assumption that you
             | will consume an average amount of energy from the grid).
             | Additionally, for a long time (at least in California)
             | utilities were forced to buy back your excess electricity
             | at retail instead of wholesale rates (even if they didn't
             | need it & they can't really control electricity you
             | generate like they can with power plants).
             | 
             | Residential solar is a greedy tragedy of the commons
             | solution that is subsidized by everyone else. And if
             | everyone had residential solar + batteries + no grid
             | hookup, someone would have to do the analysis if the
             | maintenance cost vs T&D.
        
               | flir wrote:
               | > It's not propaganda
               | 
               | So how come that rhetoric is only coming out of the US?
               | The rest of the world's distribution networks don't have
               | a problem with residential solar (afaik).
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | What other countries have meaningful residential solar
               | and haven't had to deal with the problems? Can you cite
               | anything because I can't find any good resources online,
               | but AFAICT the US and China are leading the world in
               | solar and it's possible that the US is leading for
               | residential solar on normalized terms (haven't checked).
               | 
               | California is probably one of the places in the world
               | with the largest solar residential install and therefore
               | has the most experience with this vs some dark propaganda
               | conspiracy to keep residential solar down? Trust me,
               | residential solar is hugely popular because you basically
               | have free electricity and the government subsidizing the
               | install cost on top + forcing utilities to buy your
               | electricity generation during the day? The political
               | incentives are for more residential solar, not less. The
               | utilities aren't popular and you can accuse them of shady
               | shit (& they do engage on it), but in this specific
               | instance it does seem more sincere that people are acting
               | because of the threat that residential solar placed to
               | the financial stability of the grid. And no, residential
               | solar doesn't remove the need for the grid.
               | 
               | https://www.builderonline.com/data-analysis/california-
               | snags...
               | 
               | https://ilsr.org/the-states-of-distributed-solar/
               | 
               | 4 of the top 5 solar cities in the US are in California.
               | California has stopped with the explicit rebates to fund
               | residential solar and it's not just because solar prices
               | have dropped - it's bad policy. Other places are still
               | lagging because they don't have enough residential solar
               | installed to make it obviously a bad idea. The
               | residential solar market has seen a massive contraction
               | since the state government stopped forcing utilities to
               | subsidize them as much - they're still subsidizing a bit
               | but they switched from buying back electricity from
               | residential at retail rates & now instead use wholesale
               | which is what they'd pay any other generator (T&D costs
               | are subsidized because the monthly grid hookup rate is
               | still too cheap for these kinds of houses).
        
               | flir wrote:
               | Spain would be the obvious comparison. They're installing
               | rooftop solar like crazy.
        
               | CorrectHorseBat wrote:
               | The Netherlands and Belgium certainly do
        
             | s1artibartfast wrote:
             | residential solar freeloads on the grid because it doesnt
             | reduce peak need, and home generators have historically
             | been paid at a price equivalent to generation plus
             | transmission rate. This means other consumers have to pay
             | generation + 2X transmission for any home solar power they
             | consume.
             | 
             | The economics of home solar are terrible. There is some
             | value in home battery, but even then it still makes far
             | more sense for industrial scale battery than home.
        
               | flir wrote:
               | > it doesnt reduce peak need
               | 
               | Residential solar doesn't use batteries?
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | Batteries use batteries, not solar.
               | 
               | Either way, Peak need is still determined by when
               | residential batteries are empty because residential
               | batteries are not sized to a day without sun, let alone
               | multiple.
               | 
               | Therefore, you are always stuck with a grid built with
               | capacity for the same peak.
        
               | flir wrote:
               | > Therefore, you are always stuck with a grid built with
               | capacity for the same peak.
               | 
               | Thanks, I understand your point now. I thought you were
               | arguing something much looser.
               | 
               | But I think you're looking at residential solar in
               | isolation, and not considering the load-shifting that
               | comes with a smart grid.
        
             | opo wrote:
             | >...This is why residential solar get such stiff propaganda
             | against it by utilities, going as far to say that
             | residential solar "freeloads" on the grid
             | 
             | The problem with rooftop solar is that it is very expensive
             | compared to utility grade solar:
             | 
             | >...Rooftop solar photovoltaic installations on residential
             | buildings have the highest unsubsidized levelized costs of
             | energy generation in the United States. If not for federal
             | and state subsidies, rooftop solar PV would come with a
             | price tag between 147 and 221 U.S. dollars per megawatt
             | hour.
             | 
             | https://www.statista.com/statistics/493797/estimated-
             | leveliz...
             | 
             | If we want to subsidize a renewable energy source, why
             | should we subsidize rooftop solar when we could subsidize
             | utility grade solar or wind? Money is fungible and not
             | unlimited - a dollar that goes to subsidize residential
             | rooftop solar is a dollar that would go much, much further
             | if it was used to subsidize utility grade solar or wind.
             | Rooftop solar subsidies are also unusual in that much of
             | the subsidy is often paid by less well-off households to
             | subsidize their wealthier neighbors - sort of a reverse
             | Robinhood scheme.
        
               | slaw wrote:
               | Residential solar is very inexpensive if you install it
               | yourself. 3kW solar panel is $195.90 [0]. 10kW battery is
               | $2200.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256806170563774.html
        
               | evilos wrote:
               | Something's off there. From the product description:
               | 
               | 3000WProduct Description
               | 
               | Widely used: Under 4 hours of full sunlight, the daily
               | production capacity is 400wh/day. It is very suitable for
               | RVs, caravans, oceans, camping vehicles, electric
               | scooters, golf carts, power wheels, fishing motors, tool
               | trailers, and backup power sources for small sheds.
               | 
               | [( Excellent Performance )] : Single crystal solar panels
               | are made of corrosion-resistant aluminum frames, which
               | can be used for more than ten years and can withstand
               | strong winds (2400Pa) and snow loads (5400Pa). IP65 rated
               | terminal box and 21% high battery efficiency.
               | 
               | [Easy to install]: Pre drilled holes on the back and plug
               | and play cables allow for quick installation
               | 
               | [( Multi protection )] : 20A PWM controller: built-in
               | short circuit, open circuit, and overload protection to
               | ensure safety. And it supports three types of batteries:
               | lithium batteries, lead-acid batteries, and colloidal
               | batteries.
               | 
               | Technical parameters:
               | 
               | Rated power: 100W
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | > _The problem with rooftop solar is that it is very
               | expensive compared to utility grade solar:_
               | 
               | that's not the _utility 's_ problem
        
       | toomuchtodo wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       | https://electrek.co/2023/12/28/largest-clean-energy-project-...
       | 
       | https://patternenergy.com/projects/sunzia/
        
       | kevincox wrote:
       | The announcement doesn't seem provide any estimation of power
       | output? Just the peak power. It would be interesting to see what
       | the overall output is expected to be.
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | Typical capacity factors of current wind farms are between 25%
         | and 45%. Nuance is expected curtailment [1], if there are
         | batteries at commissioning or potentially in the future for
         | firming and curtailment reduction [2], how this compliments
         | solar and other generation types in the US West at delivery
         | points, etc.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=57100
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S23521...
         | (solar PV specific, but the same modeling can be applied to
         | wind prediction)
        
           | plorg wrote:
           | Siting, of course, is the other big factor. I assume the
           | project developer has priced this in and judged this project
           | to be at least profitable, so you might assume they have good
           | wind.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | Yes.
             | 
             | https://www.energy.gov/eere/wind/wind-resource-assessment-
             | an...
             | 
             | https://windexchange.energy.gov/states/nm#maps
        
         | BenoitP wrote:
         | From wikipedia [1]
         | 
         | > Typical capacity factors of current wind farms are between 25
         | and 45%
         | 
         | Offshore being about 10% higher than on land.
         | 
         | Of note is that it is in unconstrained conditions, defined by
         | the weather; when it is needed or when a flexible production
         | can reduce its output, or when flexible consumption can absorb
         | it. As renewables' share increase, this is becoming a problem
         | in some parts of the world: electricity prices can even go
         | negative at times.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capacity_factor
        
           | colechristensen wrote:
           | It's a problem that fixes itself. The market for renewable
           | energy is different because of these peaks, it just takes a
           | while for business to learn to take advantage of the
           | opportunities periodic low pricing.
        
       | tony_cannistra wrote:
       | As a somewhat interesting aside, the transmission line associated
       | with this project (the "SunZia" project) has been a bit mired in
       | a web of (legitimate) complexities, mostly related to
       | environmental protection and Indigenous sovereignty.
       | 
       | The San Carlos Apache Tribe and the Tohono O'odham Nation in
       | particular have protested the line's route in Arizona, and it's
       | currently in Bureau of Land Management review.
       | 
       | https://www.hcn.org/articles/south-landline-bidens-push-for-...
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _San Carlos Apache Tribe and the Tohono O'odham Nation in
         | particular have protested the line 's route in Arizona_
         | 
         | Can't tell if the tribes [1] want an amended path, to kill the
         | project, to be paid off or are NIMBYing [1].
         | 
         | [1] https://www.archaeologysouthwest.org/wp-
         | content/uploads/2023...
        
           | yardie wrote:
           | The US Govt has hardly honored any of their Native American
           | agreements. I find it acceptable to extract money from a
           | belligerent government in any way possible.
        
             | TulliusCicero wrote:
             | We should really stop pretending that the Native American
             | reservations are 'sovereign states', and just label them
             | semi-autonomous zones or something.
        
               | mminer237 wrote:
               | Didn't the 1871 Indian Appropriation Act essentially do
               | that?
        
       | chris222 wrote:
       | Tbey just announced the close of financing on Dec 27 so this is
       | great news that the order with GE was confirmed so quickly.
       | Things are moving along nicely.
       | 
       | https://patternenergy.com/pattern-energy-closes-11-billion-f...
        
         | Kon-Peki wrote:
         | The GE press release made it sound like they've previously done
         | more than 1GW worth of wind power business with this company. I
         | imagine that the track record made it really easy to get the
         | financing in place.
        
       | foobarian wrote:
       | I was curious how it compares to the large nuclear plants and
       | came across this [1] where it turns out the top 7 stations are
       | all hydro. The top one being 22GW! Wild.
       | 
       | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_largest_power_stations
        
         | darknavi wrote:
         | I really want to like hydro but it has clear negative effects
         | on ecology (namely fish). I am really hoping wind and solar
         | don't affect local ecology as much.
        
           | HPsquared wrote:
           | Layman's question: don't the reservoirs create a new habitat
           | for fish? They'd be "artificial" in a way but eh, so is
           | everything else. Or is the problem that they all get turned
           | into fish pie in the turbine...
        
             | voakbasda wrote:
             | River fish need different habitat than lake fish.
             | 
             | And in many areas, migratory fish are impeded from reaching
             | their spawning grounds. Fish ladders and other contrivances
             | are a poor workaround for an unimpeded flow.
        
             | nereye wrote:
             | One of the main issues is that dams tend to block access to
             | the upstream spawning grounds for species such as Coho
             | salmon. E.g. see https://www.reuters.com/world/us/save-
             | salmon-us-approves-lar....
        
               | bilekas wrote:
               | Not sure how prevalent they are bit aren't fish ladders
               | built with dams for this exact reason?
               | 
               | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S092585
               | 741...
        
               | burkaman wrote:
               | Yes, but it's very hard to get fish to use them. Some
               | species are almost completely blocked even if there is a
               | ladder.
        
               | bobthepanda wrote:
               | They don't work for many species. For example, one study
               | found that 3% of American shad were able to use a fish
               | ladder. https://e360.yale.edu/features/blocked_migration_
               | fish_ladder...
               | 
               | Fish ladders are akin to greenwashing.
        
             | latchkey wrote:
             | Imagine in countries like Vietnam/Cambodia/Laos where they
             | dam up rivers for hydro so badly that it prevents
             | downstream flows, wiping out the downstream natural
             | ecology.
             | 
             | They also have wet/dry seasons, so for part of the year
             | everything gets flooded, overruns the dams and wipes out
             | whole villages.
             | 
             | Pretty much a complete eco disaster that few talk about.
        
               | sdflhasjd wrote:
               | Is that for hydro or water storage though? Surely you
               | want the flow for hydro.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | This isn't about storage. They build hydro dams on
               | running rivers.
        
               | mdorazio wrote:
               | That's not how it works. After it fills up you have to
               | let water out of the dammed reservoir at the same rate it
               | flows in (on average) or else it overflows. The issues
               | created are related to sediments and flow consistency.
               | More info in the top response here: https://earthscience.
               | stackexchange.com/questions/18287/do-da...
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | I don't appreciate the downvote because you aren't
               | listening to what I'm saying.
               | 
               | When it rains, it floods. They (stupidly) build dams for
               | rate of flow during low season (cause it isn't
               | raining)... then the wet season comes and the dams all
               | overflow. Poor construction practices doesn't help
               | either. They also build dam after dam along the same
               | river... I've see 10+ of these things... ends up being a
               | chain of mess when the first one fails.
               | 
               | Just a bit of googling to give you examples:
               | 
               | "Dam design and greed may factor into flood devastation
               | in Vietnam"
               | https://www.refworld.org/docid/58f9ca0c13.html
               | 
               | https://tuoitrenews.vn/news/society/20231012/investigatio
               | n-u...
               | 
               | https://www.voanews.com/a/vietnam-must-improve-flood-
               | resilie...
        
               | avar wrote:
               | Before the dam they'd have around the same amount of
               | water, actually slightly less than that, as the reservoir
               | loses water through evaporation.
               | 
               | Dams don't create water that wasn't there before.
               | 
               | It sounds like they're upset that the dam wasn't
               | oversized to handle flood control in addition to
               | hydropower.
               | 
               | That's a legitimate gripe with public investment and
               | shortsightedness, but the damn aren't going to be making
               | it worse (unless they're managed by morons).
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | > _unless they 're managed by morons_
               | 
               | Apparently, you've never been to a country like Vietnam.
               | It is a combination of poor education and greed.
        
               | ben_w wrote:
               | > They also have wet/dry seasons, so for part of the year
               | everything gets flooded, overruns the dams and wipes out
               | whole villages.
               | 
               | This implies a degree of incompetence or corruption on
               | the part of the dam designer and/or dam builder.
               | 
               | I won't say such things never happens, but it is what not
               | being able to predict and design around a regular change
               | of season implies.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | > _This implies a degree of incompetence or corruption on
               | the part of the dam designer and /or dam builder._
               | 
               | Of course it does!
               | 
               | In Laos/Cambodia, the dams are mostly built by China in
               | order to help them build their silk road to Sihanoukville
               | (so that they can have an easier route to Africa). In
               | Vietnam, it is just plain greed since they aren't in as
               | much of a rush to help China.
               | 
               | Unless you ride a motorbike into the furthest remote
               | areas of these countries, like I have, you wouldn't be
               | the wiser. I've see it all.
               | 
               | Compare and contrast:
               | 
               | http://english.scio.gov.cn/m/beltandroad/2022-05/09/conte
               | nt_...
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/jul/31/no-
               | cambodia-l...
        
               | HDThoreaun wrote:
               | Dams are incredible for wet/dry seasons. They allow you
               | to moderate the flow as you fill and release the revivor.
               | It sounds like youre just describing incompetence.
        
               | latchkey wrote:
               | > It sounds like youre just describing incompetence.
               | 
               | I am.
        
             | audunw wrote:
             | Look at pictures of a hydro power plant reservoir. Look at
             | the water edge when the water level is lower. It's like a
             | desert.
             | 
             | When the water level goes up and down it kills all life
             | along the edge. That life is an important food source for
             | fish.
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | people already mentioned fish, but still water harbors
             | bacteria and generally has lower oxygen levels than
             | turbulent water. also nutrient-rich sediment piles up at
             | the base of the dam instead of getting distributed evenly
             | down the river.
        
           | lvspiff wrote:
           | In NV it has really depended on the type of solar but seems
           | anything that takes up large acres of land is going to be an
           | issue. For ground based solar cell arrays we've had issues
           | with the desert tortoise and other animals that it encroaches
           | on their habitat. When you are using the molten salt method
           | the bird population ends up at risk due to the laser like
           | beam of light that gets directed towards the tower. They go
           | so far as to deploy hawks and sounds but inevitably some bird
           | brain gets fried.
        
             | adventured wrote:
             | There is nothing of meaningful physical scale that can be
             | built that doesn't encroach on some animals habitat. There
             | are no exceptions, whether we're talking about a house, a
             | road, a store, a factory, a power plant, a train line, a
             | commercial office building.
             | 
             | Humans only have two choices: de facto suicide, or
             | encroach.
             | 
             | I vote encroach.
        
           | foota wrote:
           | Hydro is mostly (not entirely) tapped out for power
           | generation (not, of course, for pumped storage, which doesn't
           | require rivers). Creating reservoirs is also ecologically
           | damaging, and releases a lot of methane (although I'm not
           | sure how large the impact is relative to the carbon savings,
           | this could be FUD I'm repeating)
        
         | Scoundreller wrote:
         | Sort by annual generation and it changes things a bit. 2 of the
         | top 7 are then nuclear.
         | 
         | Interesting how the #1 (Hydro dam in China) can put out 60%
         | more than #2 (Brazil/paraguay dam) at max, but only puts out 9%
         | more per year.
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | This really puts into perspective how much the 1.21 GW that the
       | delorean used.
        
         | aperson_hello wrote:
         | There's a philosophical discussion to be had here regarding the
         | difference between a gigawatt and a jigawatt!
        
           | airstrike wrote:
           | Technically "jigowatts" per the script
           | http://www.dailyscript.com/scripts/bttf4th.pdf even though
           | they really meant it to be gigawatts
        
             | jokteur wrote:
             | In the french dub, they say jigowatt.
        
           | bilsbie wrote:
           | Also could be very little energy depending on how long they
           | needed to apply the power.
        
             | flir wrote:
             | Well a lightning bolt solved that problem, so...
        
               | bilsbie wrote:
               | Do you think the flux capacitor played a role in storing
               | the energy?
        
               | p1mrx wrote:
               | Why store the energy, when you can just send it forward
               | in time?
        
               | bilsbie wrote:
               | Hmm. Maybe it's a mini Time Machine that steals energy
               | from the future to power full scale time travel?
               | 
               | Sort of like a time travel boot loader?
        
               | mminer237 wrote:
               | So say 10 gigawatts over 50 microseconds. So you could
               | charge it up in about 31/2 minutes from a standard
               | residential outlet.
        
               | danbruc wrote:
               | Wikipedia says a typical lightning bolt releases 1 GJ, so
               | 10 GW you can have for 100 ms, for 50 us you can have 20
               | TW. And most importantly 1.21 GW for the better part of a
               | second, 826 ms to be precise.
        
       | bilsbie wrote:
       | What if they just built batteries into the base of turbine? And
       | it could become a base load power source by smoothing its output.
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _What if they just built batteries into the base of turbine?_
         | 
         | What would this gain other than making the turbines more
         | expensive to build and maintain? It's cheaper to put the
         | batteries almost anywhere else and altogether.
        
           | epistasis wrote:
           | Adding batteries is already quite common to allow for small
           | amounts of price arbitrage. Its more common for utilities
           | scale solar, with over half of new solar including storage,
           | but wind isn't far behind, IIRC.
           | 
           | The advantage of putting it next to the generation is that
           | you get to reuse the transmission line, and make better use
           | of it. And since transmission and distribution are more
           | expensive than generation, anything that cuts those costs is
           | a big win. Also, it's a site that the wind farm owner already
           | controls, which makes it far easier than obtaining
           | interconnection somewhere else, as interconnection queues are
           | one of the biggest roadblocks to deploying more renewable
           | resources right now.
           | 
           | (Additionally, with solar, you get to reduce your inverters,
           | which you can't do if the storage is placed at a second site)
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | The suggestion was the base of each turbine.
             | 
             | That has no advantages compared to the point the turbines
             | are connected to the electricity grid -- N locations to
             | service rather than 1, N copies of everything rather than 1
             | big one, etc.
        
               | epistasis wrote:
               | You are correct, I misunderstood! Hopefully my prattling
               | on will be helpful to others though...
        
         | kolinko wrote:
         | They will probably have an energy storage facitilty nearby.
         | There's little benefit to bundling these, and the cost of
         | maintenance is increased. Also, batteries will have shorter
         | timespan than the turbines.
         | 
         | It may begin to make sense when battery prices get so low that
         | installation and setup costs increase - similarly to solar
         | where a large part of price currently is installation and
         | scaffolding, not the panels themselves
        
         | adrianmonk wrote:
         | Because of finite transmission capacity, the optimal place to
         | put batteries is pretty complicated.
         | 
         | Consumption varies over time, and there can be bottlenecks
         | getting power into an area, so you might want storage near
         | consumption. Wind power is going to vary in how much it
         | generates, so if there are bottlenecks getting power out of the
         | area, you might want storage near generation.
         | 
         | Plus, bottlenecks can move around. For example, if two power
         | plants share the same line to send power to two cities.
        
       | jl6 wrote:
       | 3.5MW per turbine is quite modest. GE have a 14MW model -
       | possibly onshore vs offshore is the difference?
       | 
       | Also, $11bn for the whole 3.5GW project isn't bad compared to
       | $34bn for 2.2GW of new nuclear:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogtle_Electric_Generating_Pla...
       | 
       | (3.5GW of wind nameplate capacity being ~1.2GW at the typical
       | onshore capacity factor of 35%)
       | 
       | You could buy a lot of storage for the difference.
        
         | varjag wrote:
         | Offshore stuff is just bigger: the sweet spot is different due
         | to substantial fixed cost of wind park installation. But for
         | perspective, two decades ago when we had our earliest
         | deliveries to wind power sector, 1.3MW turbines were state of
         | the art for offshore.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | Vogtle notoriously suffered from cost overruns and was
         | complicated by Westinghouse going through bankruptcy during the
         | construction. It's not obvious that this is a representative
         | example and "1" is not a statistically valid sample size. It
         | was also the first US plant brought online in 40 years, which
         | required a lot of lessons to be learned for the first time in a
         | generation, as would not be the case for future construction.
         | 
         | And you're comparing the ultimate cost of the completed reactor
         | to the estimated cost of the wind project -- the _estimated_
         | cost of Vogtle was $14B, and now SunZia is getting sued for
         | whatever it is this time. The US makes it unreasonably
         | expensive to build _anything_.
         | 
         | And even then, by the time you account for capacity factor,
         | short-term storage and long-term storage, even with all the
         | cost overruns, the cost of Vogtle was the same order of
         | magnitude as the _estimated_ cost of a wind project that would
         | supply the same amount of power.
         | 
         | I honestly don't understand why people think these things are
         | particularly in competition with each other. If we're going to
         | stop burning carbon, we're going to electrify transportation,
         | and _that_ is where most of the storage batteries are going to
         | go for the foreseeable future. And then we 're going to have to
         | increase the amount of generating capacity to charge all of
         | those batteries. But that's great -- they're batteries so we
         | can charge them with new renewables without having to worry
         | about intermittency.
         | 
         | Except that means we just allocated the bulk of our production
         | capacity for both storage _and_ renewable generation to
         | electrifying transportation, and we still need to stop burning
         | carbon for the existing baseload power generation. Hence
         | nuclear.
        
           | ViewTrick1002 wrote:
           | Keep in mind that about half the cost is the transmission
           | line. [1]
           | 
           | Vogtle closely matches nuclear costs in Europe so trying to
           | frame it as a special snowflake we will never repeat does not
           | add up. Until proven otherwise it is what nuclear
           | construction is expected to cost in advanced economies.
           | 
           | Bent Flyvbjerg has studied megaprojects. Looking at those the
           | most likely to come in on time and budget are solar pv and
           | wind projects. On the complete opposite end of the spectrum
           | we have nuclear energy only beaten by the Olympics and
           | nuclear waste storage in terms of cost over runs and delays.
           | 
           | The HVDC line adds risk but we have gotten quite experienced
           | at building those globally.
           | 
           | The equivalency in risk you try to construct does not exist.
           | 
           | https://patternenergy.com/pattern-energy-
           | closes-11-billion-f...
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | > You could buy a lot of storage for the difference.
         | 
         | Theoretically yes, but is it actually available?
        
           | ViewTrick1002 wrote:
           | California built 4.2 GW of storage in 2023. With a typical 4
           | hour storage rate that is 16 GWh being cycled daily.
           | 
           | There are now times in the California grid where the second
           | largest producer is batteries.
        
       | jjcm wrote:
       | Looks like they currently have around 4.51 GW of power generation
       | in the state based off of this (someone please double check my
       | math, but 3250GWh in Sept / 720 hours in Sept = 4.51GW):
       | https://www.eia.gov/state/?sid=NM#tabs-4, so this should be a 53%
       | increase in power generation for the state. Truly a massive
       | project.
        
         | andruby wrote:
         | The stated 2.4GW of the article is "nameplate" output (+- peak
         | output).
         | 
         | You computed the average generation over a whole month.
         | 
         | The difference between both is called "capacity factor" and is
         | of course different per region. I've found some online numbers
         | between 30 and 45%. Multiplying your 53% number with a 35% CF
         | becomes a more realistic but less impressive 18.5%
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wind_power#Capacity_factor
        
       | palemoonale wrote:
       | Yay! More ugly landscape-disturbing things helping only during
       | certain hours, compared to established nuclear technology, or
       | still-in-research fusion technology.
       | 
       | PS, the usual peeps downvoting not just me: Sure, let your
       | emotions guide you, don't care. My comment above is not offtopic.
        
         | alphabettsy wrote:
         | It's not off-topic, but it's not in the spirit of HN either. I
         | assume your tone is why you're downvoted.
        
         | ben_w wrote:
         | "Ugly" is an opinion, which means it's neither true nor false.
         | Me, I like them, but I know that me liking them doesn't
         | invalidate your dislike.
         | 
         | And calling them "landscape-disturbing" is true, but so are all
         | other things -- I've been to some wind farms, they are much
         | less disruptive to the environment than the nuclear reactors I
         | can only see from a distance. Sheep grazing under and around
         | them, for a start.
        
         | threeseed wrote:
         | Nuclear is simply not price competitive.
         | 
         | And according to Tokamak Energy who is one of the fusion
         | leaders it won't be ready until 2030s at the earliest.
        
         | kaskakokos wrote:
         | I agree with you, they have a big impact on several levels:
         | noise, landscape, soil, wildlife and even local economy (would
         | you like to go on a rural escape to a beautiful mountain
         | village full of roads and metal giants)?
         | 
         | Where I live in Spain there are several associations trying to
         | prevent the installation of wind turbines in many of the
         | beautiful mountains that are otherwise going to be
         | industrialised [1].
         | 
         | I recommend joining local associations if you want to prevent
         | wind turbines from being installed on your home.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.telegraph.co.uk/world-news/2023/05/20/spain-
         | new-...
        
       | Dah00n wrote:
       | Why is it every post about solar or wind have to end up with
       | comments about how great nuclear is? It is like a religion they
       | simply _must_ preach.
        
         | lordofgibbons wrote:
         | Probably because it's the only known carbon-free source of
         | dependable and non-intermittent energy that can be deployed
         | nearly anywhere.
         | 
         | Let's be realistic about the devastatingly massive amounts of
         | environmental damage wind/solar are doing by requiring
         | unimaginably large amounts of minerals to be mined for both
         | solar/wind AND the required batteries.
         | 
         | Right now, it's an "out of sight, out of mind" kind of a
         | problem because the mining happens in poor countries. How many
         | cobalt and lithium mines have been approved in the U.S? I can
         | think of only a couple in the past couple of decades. Why?
         | Because they're terrible for the environment.. so we outsource
         | the environmental damage to poor countries.
         | 
         | Nuclear is expensive, but if we build a new plant every 40
         | years... what do we expect? Each plant is a one-off bespoke
         | creation. The same economies of scale that have made solar+wind
         | so cheap also apply to nuclear tech.
         | 
         | We have the technology to solve the climate emergency. Nuclear
         | lets us do it. Everything else is wishful thinking.
         | 
         | p.s wind and solar have a part to play - specially in unstable
         | and failed states where the existence of fissile material could
         | be very dangerous.
        
           | rtpg wrote:
           | Nuclear cannot be deployed anywhere, it needs a source of
           | water. It also needs staffing, and it needs to be kinda near
           | to people who need electricity.
           | 
           | This last point is important because nuclear plants generate
           | a lot of power, so you cant easily build a plant "just" for
           | 500 people in the same way you can for other energy sources.
           | 
           | I am fine with nuclear in principle. There are real reasons
           | nukes are expensive and not the ideal option in many
           | situations. We have to be clear eyed about this.
        
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