[HN Gopher] Give Us Something to Look At: Why ornament matters i...
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       Give Us Something to Look At: Why ornament matters in architecture
        
       Author : prismatic
       Score  : 175 points
       Date   : 2024-01-02 22:38 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (theamericanscholar.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (theamericanscholar.org)
        
       | lqet wrote:
       | There is an important and very profane aspect of ornament on
       | buildings which isn't mentioned in the article: it hides dirt
       | incredibly well.
       | 
       | Just compare these dirty 19th century facades with a dirty facade
       | of a house from the 70ies:
       | 
       | https://photographierer.de/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/DSC_23...
       | 
       | https://schall-fassadenreinigung.de/wp-content/themes/yoothe...
       | 
       | The latter looks absolutely filthy, while the former, although
       | uncleaned for 150 years, still look nice.
       | 
       | I do not buy the efficiency argument given by Adolf Loos at all.
       | What you gain in labor time by removing ornamentation, you will
       | loose in renovation work and (urban) living quality.
        
         | stdbrouw wrote:
         | Ironically, we're also losing a lot of efficiency because
         | cities are demanding setbacks, bumps, differences in height
         | etc. for bigger buildings to avoid ending up with drab
         | rectangular blocks, but that leads to more heat loss due to
         | more surface exposed to the environment, higher use of
         | materials and a higher risk of water ingress because there's a
         | ton of weak points where different surfaces connect. (It also
         | just doesn't look very good.)
         | 
         | Ornament might be an alternative: just make massed buildings
         | look nice instead of demanding that they are broken up into a
         | bunch of lego blocks.
         | 
         | A good thread by Alfred Twu here:
         | https://twitter.com/alfred_twu/status/1715230266531475702
         | 
         | I also wonder if the trend away from ornament has something to
         | do with the trend towards fancier materials and bolder colors
         | -- wasserstrich bricks, wood facades, decorative plasters in
         | bathrooms, highly polished pigmented concrete floors, aluminium
         | window frames in unusual colors, etc. People need their
         | interestingness fix :-)
        
           | pif wrote:
           | > that leads to more heat loss
           | 
           | With global warming, that is becoming more and more an
           | advantage, rather than a defect!
        
             | zilti wrote:
             | Not at all. It leads to energy waste in winter.
        
             | engineer_22 wrote:
             | No, the inverse is also true, more exposed surface leads to
             | more heat gain in summer
        
             | j-bos wrote:
             | Ah, but heating a building is much more expensive than
             | cooling
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Either way it doesn't matter: buildings are going to be
               | either heated or cooled nearly ever day. Some seasons you
               | heat them, some you cool them, but rarely is the ambient
               | temperature close enough to rely on passive systems for
               | comfort. Of course local climate matters, some places
               | never need any heating/cooling, some need is only some
               | days. Humans have started to demand the building be more
               | comfortable.
        
           | paganel wrote:
           | > A good thread by Alfred Twu here:
           | https://twitter.com/alfred_twu/status/1715230266531475702
           | 
           | And stalinist architecture gets called all sorts of names.
           | This buiding [1] is located very close to where I live, an
           | excellent example of very early 1950s stalinist architecture
           | and also eerily similar to the "good" example from your
           | linked tweet.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.google.com/maps/@44.4527856,26.095487,3a,48.4
           | y,3...
        
             | stdbrouw wrote:
             | Yeah, I think the building you show is a pretty good
             | example of what Twu would like to see: one big mass, made
             | pretty with consoles, balconies and cornices. You can do a
             | more modern style too, though. I especially like Persian-
             | inspired modern brickwork [1] [2].
             | 
             | What do you consider to be the defining features of
             | Stalinist architecture though? The Wikipedia page portrays
             | it as more or less "whatever happened to be built during
             | Stalin's reign, whatever the style".
             | 
             | [1] https://www.yankodesign.com/2021/12/28/creative-brick-
             | design...
             | 
             | [2] https://www.dezeen.com/2016/05/10/kahrizak-residential-
             | housi...
        
               | paganel wrote:
               | > What do you consider to be the defining features of
               | Stalinist architecture though
               | 
               | It's complicated because it has rarely been studied in an
               | ideological-free manner (or not that I know of), so I'm
               | basing my judgements mostly on what I've seen built
               | around me from that era and by reading a couple of local
               | architecture magazines back from those days, magazines
               | that were actively putting forward said "stalinist"
               | style.
               | 
               | I'd say that this definition: "whatever happened to be
               | built during Stalin's reign, whatever the style" is
               | generally correct, with a small correction when it comes
               | to the "whatever the style" part, as in it looks to me
               | that there was some consistency in said style going from
               | the mid-to-late 1930s to Stalin's death (in 1953), so
               | that "whatever" part is a little forced.
               | 
               | As per said style itself I don't know how best to define
               | it, mostly neo-classical with intense tints of
               | grandiloquence, for example this building from Bucharest,
               | _Casa Scanteii_ [1], is a very good example of that style
               | (said building is a  "scaled-down" replica of the Main
               | building of the Moscow State University [2]).
               | 
               | A good starting point could be this wikipedia page of a
               | "stalinist" architect named Alexey Shchusev, the style
               | that I'm talking about can be seen in his works going
               | from about ~1935 to his death, so I wouldn't include the
               | Constructivist period (which was in place throughout the
               | '20s) as part of Stalinist architecture proper, but maybe
               | that's just me. For those that know Romanian there's a
               | recently published book about Shchusev called _Alexey
               | Shchusev, An Architect of the Imperial Russian Style_
               | [4], and by the same author I now see that there 's a
               | more general book on Stalinist architecture called _Die
               | Architektur Stalins_ [5], this one in German.
               | 
               | Leter edit: There's also an English version of that book
               | on Shchusev: _Alexey Shchusev: Architect of Stalin 's
               | Empire Style_ [6]
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/House_of_the_Free_Press
               | 
               | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Main_building_of_Moscow
               | _State_...
               | 
               | [3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexey_Shchusev
               | 
               | [4] https://cartier.ro/libraria/arta/alexei-sciusev-un-
               | arhitect-...
               | 
               | [5] https://www.amazon.de/Die-Architektur-Stalins-Bd-
               | Bilddokumen...
               | 
               | [6] https://ribabooks.com/Alexey-Shchusev-Architect-of-
               | Stalins-E...
        
         | vallode wrote:
         | A part of me thinks that our weariness of spending "more" on
         | architecture and beauty in cities is the same kind of weird
         | frugality people experience with day to day goods.
         | 
         | My grandparents will endlessly complain about the lack of good
         | quality products on the market (knives, power tools, clothing)
         | but at the same time refuse to engage in locally-made albeit
         | more expensive merchants.
         | 
         | Making buildings pretty may cost more (although, from my own
         | understanding sourcing local tradespeople and using local
         | materials ends up significantly cheaper over time) but the ROI
         | is significantly better, both culturally and financially
         | (pretty buildings age better, they become more appreciated over
         | time in both financial and cultural value).
         | 
         | So is it the same with house goods? Are we just unwilling to
         | accept that knives haven't got worse, it's just that we have
         | mass-produced medium-quality low opportunity cost products that
         | we can keep chucking out the window and complaining about? I
         | rambled on, I totally agree that the efficiency of good/pretty
         | architecture is completely understated.
        
           | aargh_aargh wrote:
           | That's why in economy you vote with your wallet, not your
           | mouth. AKA talk is cheap, show me the dough...
        
             | nativeit wrote:
             | This only works in pure free markets, which generally do
             | not exist.
        
               | aargh_aargh wrote:
               | What are you arguing? What's unfree about the section of
               | the knives market relevant to the example? The government
               | isn't forcing/incentivizing them to buy the cheaper
               | products. Economic considerations are.
        
               | MatekCopatek wrote:
               | The average consumer lacks the knowledge and skill to
               | objectively assess the quality of a knife, the seller is
               | aware of that and manipulates them through advertising.
               | 
               | Is a democratic election free if everyone voted freely,
               | but was under the influence of widespread propaganda?
        
               | aargh_aargh wrote:
               | If they weren't able to objectively assess the quality,
               | they surely wouldn't be complaining, would they? But you
               | mean pre-sale assessment, and that's again not an issue
               | of skill because this is a repeat game. They are well
               | aware by now that they're being manipulated but still
               | price wins over quality.
               | 
               | I'm not going to argue the political metaphor because I
               | feel the parallels there are too far apart to be a useful
               | comparison.
        
             | FridgeSeal wrote:
             | This is predicated on viable options being present and
             | available to consumers. In a _lot_ of cases, for a lot of
             | products, the options offered are a curated selection by
             | the dominant forces, packaged up to appear different, but
             | offering fundamentally very little actual difference.
             | 
             | In this scenario, you can not "vote with your wallet".
        
           | robertlagrant wrote:
           | It's definitely true. Just as China has a reputation for
           | making cheap goods, when China will make goods to whatever
           | quality is paid for, up to and including world class
           | craftsmanship. It's just the shop you bought it from wanted
           | to sell at a lower price, so they paid for the cheap option.
        
             | kombookcha wrote:
             | Ironically, with the way production scales, if more people
             | were willing/able to go for the high quality products,
             | they'd probably wind up being somewhat cheaper than they
             | are now.
             | 
             | Different case when we are talking deliberately exclusive
             | luxury products, but for general purpose items like "a
             | really good quality knife" we absolutely could be turning
             | them out in vast numbers.
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | > Ironically, with the way production scales, if more
               | people were willing/able to go for the high quality
               | products, they'd probably wind up being somewhat cheaper
               | than they are now.
               | 
               | Absolutely.
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | I think that has happened to some extent. Compare a 2008
               | smartphone to a 2023 one at like price point (or even
               | cheaper); the 2008 one is a pretty fragile flimsy thing
               | by comparison, generally (likely not even water
               | resistant). Of course, smartphones benefited from
               | _massive_ scale.
        
             | pif wrote:
             | > the shop you bought it from wanted to sell at a lower
             | price
             | 
             | Actually, it's a bit different: the shop you bought it from
             | _knew you only seek for_ a lower price.
        
           | MatekCopatek wrote:
           | Your grandparents' complaining isn't entirely pointless -
           | sure, you can get a quality product from local merchants, but
           | the price is disproportionately higher.
           | 
           | The thing they're actually missing is a mass-produced product
           | that brings the cost down because of scale but at the same
           | time is still designed with quality in mind. It's not that
           | the best available knives got worse, the average $50 ones
           | did.
           | 
           | It works for buildings too - whatever is the currently
           | popular architectural style is typically what's is easiest to
           | get. If everyone is getting pretty buildings, we can all get
           | them without having to spend (much) more money.
        
             | systems_glitch wrote:
             | In both cases, there is often a lack of genuine
             | quality/value over the cheaper options anymore, too. Many
             | higher priced tools and architectural options are now the
             | cheap stuff with a better grade of finish and a higher
             | price tag.
        
               | CrimsonCape wrote:
               | I built a campervan in between jobs and I take pride in
               | bragging about the quality of my build design, especially
               | because I installed much higher quality materials and
               | systems for around 1/3 the cost of a manufactured RV.
               | 
               | For example, all rough wood framing is solid wood, all
               | cabinetry is built from solid baltic birch plywood (zero
               | OSB, zero MDF), stainless steel fasteners throughout,
               | multiple layers of rigid insulation for through-winter
               | occupancy, all cushions made with 1000d cordura, plumbed
               | with PEX with Flair-it fittings, propane heat system,
               | solar,etc.
               | 
               | My van is much lighter than RVs as a result, I don't need
               | tandem wheels as most van RV builds do.
               | 
               | The most luxury of luxuriest RVs can't duplicate that.
               | The overhead of hired labor and the coalescing of "we
               | just do it this way" thinking among the RV trade results
               | in a poor typical product.
        
           | hospitalJail wrote:
           | A pretty building gives me ~0 ROI.
           | 
           | Spending an extra 1 million on marketing gives me a far
           | better ROI.
           | 
           | These are basically 0 sum, you want a dishwasher or a pretty
           | overhang?
           | 
           | Idk your comment irks me like a populist demagogue saying
           | everyone can have free free free.
        
             | davemp wrote:
             | > A pretty building gives me ~0 ROI. > > Spending an extra
             | 1 million on marketing gives me a far better ROI.
             | 
             | In many cases a pretty building can be marketing. There are
             | also many intangible effects such as the moral of people
             | who work in said building.
             | 
             | Also like OP said pretty buildings are often cheaper over
             | long term because people don't want to tear them down as
             | often.
             | 
             | Just because it's harder to calculate/measure ROI doesn't
             | make it non-existent.
             | 
             | > These are basically 0 sum, you want a dishwasher or a
             | pretty overhang?
             | 
             | No one is suggesting to forgo basic amenities for
             | ornamentation?
        
             | Daishiman wrote:
             | People travel to cities with pretty buildings and abhor the
             | ones with horrible buildings and that has a massive ROI.
        
             | anon291 wrote:
             | I want a building with the pretty overhang. A dishwasher is
             | $600 on Amazon. A pretty overhang on an existing building
             | is priceless... you can't add it after-market. It always
             | looks strange
             | 
             | My 1920s house has no dishwasher, but is pretty. I added a
             | dishwasher for a few hundred dollars. When I redid the
             | molding in our house (took it all off, repainted, repaired,
             | and put it back on), I took my mouldings to the wood store
             | just for fun to see how much it would cost. The dishwasher
             | was cheaper. Not even because it's that great moulding, but
             | because they just don't make it like that anymore.
        
           | RivieraKid wrote:
           | It could be the result of people spending less time in public
           | spaces - people often just go outside, drive a car to
           | somewhere, get inside. So they care less about public spaces
           | being pleasant.
        
           | chadash wrote:
           | _> My grandparents will endlessly complain about the lack of
           | good quality products on the market (knives, power tools,
           | clothing) but at the same time refuse to engage in locally-
           | made albeit more expensive merchants._
           | 
           | Not to say that they don't have valid complaints, but some of
           | this is definitely selection bias. People don't complain
           | about the things that have gotten better. For example, today,
           | it's not rare for a car to last 10 years without serious
           | issues. There are a bunch of car owners who have driven cars
           | to 1 million+ miles and these aren't some specialty car, but
           | rather the run-of-the-mill cars coming off of factory lines.
           | 
           | There's lots of good knives out there at price points that
           | many people can afford. I personally own a Global 3 knife set
           | (chef, paring, utility) that meets 99% of my cutting needs
           | and cost $130. I've had them for 9 years and I expect them to
           | last at least another 10 years. $130 is expensive, but not
           | over a 20-30 year period. Same thing with my pots and pans
           | (all-clad) which I expect to last me another 20-30 years, if
           | not the rest of my life.
           | 
           | My iPhone is 3 years old. It has been dropped more times than
           | I can count, but still looks new. The glass on it is simply
           | better quality than what existed before. No, it won't last a
           | lifetime, but it will last an acceptable amount of time for
           | something that gets as much use as it does.
           | 
           | And with the internet, quality goods are more accessible than
           | ever. With a few clicks, I have buy pens and paper from
           | Japan, cooking-ware from France and Panama hats from Cuenca,
           | even if I live in a small town in the middle of nowhere.
           | 
           | That said, my biggest complaint is with appliances. Good
           | appliances exist (e.g. Miele, Speed Queen), but in general,
           | there's little correlation between price and quality. You can
           | buy an LG fridge for $1500 or for $4500, but they use the
           | same crappy compressor, so the more expensive one won't last
           | any longer (and in fact will probably break _sooner_ because
           | it has more features on it that can break).
        
             | randcraw wrote:
             | The market for heirloom quality products has always been
             | tiny, and ever will be. But the availability of "good
             | enough" products has never been better than it is today.
             | You just have to put in more effort to find them since 95%
             | of advice found online is shill.
             | 
             | The reason it's increasingly hard to find "good enough" in
             | today's retail marketplace because 90% of us emphasize cost
             | and convenience over fine design or workmanship. In past
             | decades, if you wanted a solid product, you shopped at a
             | bricks retailer you knew well (Sears, Macy's, Land's End)
             | and you trusted their buyers to stock only good stuff. But
             | today 90% of us shop online at retailers who stock mostly
             | cheap disposable products because they're half the cost of
             | "good enough" (and 1/10 the cost of heirloom), and because
             | they can be delivered to to our door quickly and
             | effortlessly. That's where double sigma (97%) of the
             | supplier bell curve now. Unsurprisingly it takes a lot more
             | effort for us to unearth the 3% that isn't ephemera, given
             | we have to do the digging without retailers we trust.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > My grandparents will endlessly complain about the lack of
           | good quality products on the market (knives, power tools,
           | clothing) but at the same time refuse to engage in locally-
           | made albeit more expensive merchants.
           | 
           | The core of that problem is that this is a self-reinforcing
           | destructive loop, and it's not just for tools but for
           | everything these days. Cheap imports, especially from China,
           | grabbed the masses that were just interested in price, and
           | large chain stores grabbed the masses that didn't want to
           | spend hours driving around small specialist stores. The
           | remaining people were not enough to support the few stores
           | that did still sell quality products, so they closed down, so
           | even more people went for cheap large-chain stuff because
           | they couldn't expect that they'd be able to find what they
           | need reliably at a small, local store. A lot of formerly
           | popular brands (here in Germany, most infamously AEG,
           | Telefunken and Grundig) ended up going bankrupt and now also
           | sell relabeled cheap Chinese stuff.
           | 
           | And now, the revolution is eating its children, as the deluge
           | of scam products and dropshippers on Amazon shows.
        
         | rsynnott wrote:
         | Unless it was in a city with implausibly clean air, that 19th
         | century one has probably been cleaned at least once (at great
         | expense, probably). Otherwise, it'd be practically black. And
         | cleaning these things is _expensive_, and takes ages. IIRC
         | doing one smallish (but highly ornamented) 19th century
         | building in my university took about a year. By contrast, the
         | house could be cleaned up in a few days. Modern buildings, clad
         | in, essentially, plastic (or just having all-glass surfaces),
         | even easier, of course.
        
         | __alexs wrote:
         | The 19th C one needs meticulous cleaning by professionals. The
         | 70s one needs a coat of paint from your local DIY store.
        
         | yterdy wrote:
         | The first style doesn't become dirtier, it just gets an ambient
         | occlusion map applied to it.
        
         | usrusr wrote:
         | My personal "founder fantasy" (not a founder type at all) for
         | the last ten years or so has been a renderer/plugin for
         | architecture visualisation that simulates weathering. For
         | exactly the reasons you state. If you want a building to still
         | look good after the honeymoon phase is over, you have to
         | consider how it will look after a few years of realistic
         | maintenance. If an architect talks about sustainability (and
         | they all seem to do, these days), unless they can show evidence
         | of having considered aesthetics after two decades of minimum
         | maintenance it's all just babble.
        
       | stuaxo wrote:
       | Interesting how few windows there are on the bottom of this
       | building, I wonder if it's related to how pedestrian unfriendly
       | streets in the US are?
        
         | probably_wrong wrote:
         | Are you, like me, confusing the main picture illustrating the
         | article (which is the Harold Washington Library in Chicago)
         | with the building the author talks about (which is the Board of
         | Education Building in Philadelphia)? Because the Board of
         | Education Building seems to have an adequate number of windows
         | [1]. The Chicago Library does have few windows, but I'd
         | attribute that to its purpose (the lower floor contains an
         | auditorium, multi-purpose room, and exhibit hall) [2].
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.philadelphiabuildings.org/pab/app/im_display.cfm...
         | 
         | [2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Washington_Library
        
       | 878654Tom wrote:
       | The current trend in Belgium is to build houses like cubes and
       | drap a variation of white plaster on it [1]. While this looks
       | great the first couple of years, the outside gets dirty and not a
       | lot of people pay for it to get cleaned/repainted.
       | 
       | The houses are also always... the same. The variations in it are
       | where the rectangle windows are and the length / width / height.
       | But that is it.
       | 
       | I predict that in 20-30 years these houses will be seen as one of
       | the ugly architectural trends of my time.
       | 
       | While houses that were built a century or even more ago (and that
       | still stand) are lush with these ornaments and still retain a
       | sort of beauty. [2]
       | 
       | I've lived in one of these type of houses and while they have
       | some impracticalities because they have been built in a different
       | century the outside stays a thing of beauty and you could guide
       | people to your house purely because of how it looks.
       | 
       | Currently my wife and I are looking to build a new house and one
       | of the requirements that we have for our architect is to build it
       | with small details on the outside and a bit more classical than
       | the current trend is.
       | 
       | [1] https://sibomat.be/media/f0xf52fy/moderne-bouwstijl-
       | realisat...
       | 
       | [2]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oude_Markt#/media/File:Old_mar...
        
         | stdbrouw wrote:
         | I feel we should bring back Georgian architecture [1]: on the
         | one hand it is quite plain and so it fits well with modern
         | sensibilities (and modern budgets that don't allow for a lot of
         | faff, and the lack of skilled labor), but because of its strong
         | emphasis on symmetry and a modest amount of ornament on doors,
         | windows and railings, it looks vastly better than the lime
         | rendered boxes of today. It also looks great with flat roofs,
         | and flat roofs are here to stay -- why bother with nice roof
         | tiles when you have to cover them with solar panels anyway.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_architecture
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | I live in a city that has a bunch of it; in practice, it's
           | incredibly impractical, and the few modern attempts to
           | imitate it while providing an actually usable building tend
           | to end up looking absurd.
           | 
           | Examples: https://www.irishtimes.com/life-and-style/homes-
           | and-property... - Fake Georgian townhouses. You're still left
           | with a four storey house, which isn't super-practical, and
           | they look ridiculous.
           | 
           | https://www.pjhegarty.ie/projects/esb-head-office/ -
           | Replacing a distinctly un-Georgian Brutalist thing which
           | itself replaced a row of Georgian houses back in the day.
           | Again, looks silly, but if they'd played it completely
           | straight they'd be left with a pretty impractical office
           | building.
        
             | stdbrouw wrote:
             | At first glance, these look nice to me? Perhaps they look
             | silly up close. I'm not sure what you mean by impractical
             | though, I don't consider tall and narrow to be essential to
             | the style, though many of the 18th and 19th century
             | townhouses in the style surely were.
        
             | ethanbond wrote:
             | Why is a 4 storey house impractical? And the only thing
             | that looks ridiculous to my eye is the top floor which, for
             | some reason, abandons the classical look and slaps some
             | hideous modern handrails and flashing on top.
        
               | pmontra wrote:
               | It's 4 floors per family. An elevator or do a lot of
               | stairs everyday. In both cases more time to move around
               | than an equivalent 1 or 2 floors house. But if they do
               | the stairs it keeps them fit.
        
               | ethanbond wrote:
               | My parents have a 3-floor townhouse and it's far, far
               | more practical than the goofy sprawling "open floorplan"
               | designs. Plus not having neighbors above/below you is a
               | great tradeoff. I don't think this is as impractical as
               | it would appear to someone not living in one (that's been
               | my experience at least).
        
             | derriz wrote:
             | Not sure what's impractical about a four story building?
             | Without lifts/elevators, four stories hits the sweet spot
             | in terms of density vs accessibility.
             | 
             | Of course, if you consider any building older than 100
             | years to be "impractical", then maybe living in the
             | historic centre of a city isn't for you? There are plenty
             | of modern (and soulless) places to live in the more modern
             | fringes of the city.
             | 
             | And I disagree - the new ESB headquarters on Fitzwilliam St
             | doesn't look "silly" at all - it actually looks very well
             | to my eye from the street. Unfortunately
             | https://maps.app.goo.gl/NL2qtasuMNM89Nqg8 doesn't have
             | enough detail to show it but certainly the materials and
             | brickwork is of a high quality. It doesn't aim to be
             | pastiche or fake as you call it, but it does respect the
             | materials and elevation of the historic streetscape.
        
           | nemo44x wrote:
           | You can get a new home built in Georgian Revival style but
           | it's going to be expensive. Home builders rely on easy to
           | source, mass produced, standard parts. In my experience the
           | cost goes way up. For instance, a truss can't be used for the
           | roof and windows are custom, etc. and there's going to be a
           | lot of windows.
           | 
           | It's why many homes today are built off existing models. But
           | you see it in higher-end homes.
           | 
           | Now, of course the required parts could become mass produced
           | if there were the demand. And I agree it's a simpler and
           | beautiful style. But you can't put a flat roof on them.
        
             | stdbrouw wrote:
             | I dunno, I'm not a stickler for details. For example, I
             | know that windows with many small panes ("muntins") are not
             | cost-effective today and partially defeat the benefits of
             | double and triple glazing, and the alternatives (fake bars
             | that are glued on or between the glass) look shockingly
             | bad... but any kind of partition at all (casement, fixed
             | pane + tilt-turn pane, etc.) already adds visual interest
             | and does not look out of place, as e.g. is evident in this
             | photo of Georgian architecture with windows that I'm
             | guessing are not historically accurate: https://upload.wiki
             | media.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Baggot_S...
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | I think some of the higher-end window grills (a "stuck on
               | the outside muntin" for a short-hand description) look
               | fine from any distance that they're typically seen.
               | 
               | https://aw930cdnprdcd.azureedge.net/-/media/andersenwindo
               | ws/... (There's some chance that those are even internal,
               | which are longer lasting/easier to clean, but much less
               | convincing owing to having all the wrong shadow lines.)
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Having a higher end window where the mutton/grill is
               | dominated on both sides is best imo. It looks awful from
               | the outside when it's an interior stick-on as there's no
               | dimension and line you mentioned lack of shadow lines.
               | You generally have to go to the higher end though, like a
               | Marvin Ultimate. 30 of those on a house, installed, just
               | set you back $60k+. But they look great.
        
               | pmontra wrote:
               | I had windows like those. The glued cross shaped frame
               | was not actually glued and it was on both sides. It
               | looked beautiful but it was a nightmare to clean. Four
               | small glasses instead of a large one. It was wood, single
               | layer glass. I replaced them with something that reduced
               | the heat flow.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Yeah you can get simulated divided lights (SDL) on a
               | modern window. I guess I am a bit of a stickler for these
               | things, heh.
               | 
               | I can see a modern Georgian type thing though. Definitely
               | nicer than so much of the garbage being built today.
        
               | anon291 wrote:
               | My home has muntins, and I have to say they are
               | _incredibly_ convenient. If a ball goes through a window
               | or something, it 's extremely easy to replace; and very
               | cheap. Highly recommend.
               | 
               | As for glazing... I'm not 100% sure. I've heard there are
               | ways to get glass panes that are better insulated. My
               | other guess is that, had muntins continued to be popular,
               | the market would have found something. There's nothing
               | inherently inefficient about them.
               | 
               | For example, one option a local window company gave to me
               | was to simple add some plastic covering on the inside of
               | the window. It would not reduce the outward appearance at
               | all, but would provide some insulation. As it is, our
               | house is quite efficient and we don't actually have any
               | insulation. The way they used to build houses (not open
               | floor plan, multiple stories, etc) actually make them
               | more pleasant to live in, in my opinion. Our only issue
               | was that, when adding AC, the original forced air venting
               | leads to a noticeable temperature differential due to the
               | lack of an intake on the second floor, but we'll be
               | fixing this soon. Plus, ceiling fans have basically
               | eliminated the worst of the problem.
        
               | nemo44x wrote:
               | Nowadays the window that was broken would just be
               | replaced. Luckily they pop out easily!
               | 
               | For your old windows (I have many still, mainly in the
               | front) I recommend ensuring you have good weather
               | stripping and that you have storm windows installed. That
               | helps a lot. Mine are double hung sashes though so the
               | pulley boxes are massive leaks but nothing I can do about
               | that.
               | 
               | I guess I could just seal the windows shut and put
               | insulation in the pulley boxes but they are still
               | functional even though we rarely open them.
        
           | yterdy wrote:
           | Why stop there? Institute Georgism while you're at it, so
           | that people can actually afford houses again. Go "Full
           | George".
        
         | quickthrower2 wrote:
         | That house looks like modern Australian architecture too.
        
           | Gare wrote:
           | Also like modern Croatian architecture. They're even
           | repainting older buildings in white with black details.
           | Blergh.
        
           | FridgeSeal wrote:
           | Yeah architecture in this country is real bottom of the
           | barrel stuff, bar a few specific buildings (the new UTS and
           | Central Park buildings in Sydney come to mind).
           | 
           | Our residential house design is even worse, they're uniformay
           | the most bland, cookie-cutter-McMansion-trash that's built in
           | a way that's almost actively hostile to its environmental
           | conditions.
        
           | ethanbond wrote:
           | It looks like _everywhere_ modern architecture, that 's the
           | problem. There is no real culture behind it, only the insular
           | culture of professional architects seeking out approval from
           | other professional architects. There is no locality to it, no
           | local materials or methods.
           | 
           | Christopher Alexander's dissertation, "Notes on the Synthesis
           | of Form" lays out a very compelling sociological explanation
           | of how this happens.
           | 
           | TLDR: People initially create things (like houses) to solve
           | local problems, usually _their own_ problems, with the
           | materials and methods they have locally available. As the
           | craft develops, its practitioners start to compete directly
           | with each other and the craft becomes  "self-conscious." This
           | competition finds increasingly esoteric "dimensions" to
           | compete on, at the expense of solving the real-world problems
           | the craft initially set out to solve. So consider e.g. early
           | designers of chairs. They were looking for good places to sit
           | that looked nice in their homes. Now, if you want acclaim as
           | a chair designer, you have to design the most garish, over-
           | the-top, wildly uncomfortable "chair" (sculpture) that you
           | can.
        
         | paganel wrote:
         | Regarding [1], I cannot understand for the life of me how come
         | people located in places where it rains comparatively a lot
         | (which is the case of Belgium) choose that solution with flat
         | roofs for their individual houses, it doesn't make any
         | utilitarian sense, you're just inviting rain water into your
         | house at one moment or another.
        
           | stdbrouw wrote:
           | I think it makes perfect sense. Modern EPDM or fiber-
           | reinforced bitumen roofs are very unlikely to leak before
           | it's time to replace or renovate them after 25 years or so.
           | They provide ample space for solar panels and for a heat
           | pump, all out of sight. No need for gutters. They are easier
           | to insulate. You don't end up with a bunch of barely usable
           | attic space you don't need (even worse if we're talking about
           | a hip roof instead of a gable roof.) It just takes a bit of
           | effort to not make them look like a cheap cardboard box,
           | whereas a house with a nice sloped roof has instant appeal.
        
             | modo_mario wrote:
             | There's no denying the practical elements however there are
             | issues. For one:
             | 
             | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045
             | 6...
             | 
             | >before it's time to replace or renovate them after 25
             | years or so.
             | 
             | And secondly that is short especially since the ceramic
             | rooftiles that predated them could last 70.
        
         | somewhereoutth wrote:
         | There is a _huge_ gulf for exploration between your [1] and
         | [2]! I dare say good contemporary architects have and will be
         | doing just that.
        
         | Fluorescence wrote:
         | I live in a British Georgian rendered building (think South
         | Kensington London [1]).
         | 
         | I find render is classic and beautiful but yes they are an
         | ongoing maintenance issue to regularly repaint every decade or
         | so and once the render has become damaged, rerendering the
         | whole thing is eye-wateringly expensive. The main challenge is
         | the right materials and expertise (lime render and porous
         | mineral paint) which is expensive so people flipping a house
         | will just bodge it with cement render and waterproof paints
         | that will barely last a decade before it cracks, traps water,
         | causes damp and starts coming way from the wall.
         | 
         | (Note that exposed stone also weathers and requires replacement
         | which can make render/paint maintenance look very cheap).
         | 
         | A key part of the longevity of render is the design of other
         | features e.g. you need correct channelling of water so it
         | doesn't pour from roofs/windows down the render causing stains.
         | This requires true skill and subtle architectural features like
         | drip grooves carved under overhanging coping stones and subtle
         | curves in the render itself (bell cast beading I think?). I am
         | maddened by hokey designs that e.g. add a section of wooden
         | facade above render which grossly stains the render below
         | within months. It's just so careless and predictable. Any
         | staining is a design fault that past experts knew how to avoid.
         | There shouldn't be any "sources of colour" above render.
         | 
         | One of the joys of render is that you can personalise it with
         | your own colours [2] which will stain less easily than white
         | (grey is quite trendy) or even go for full graphic design [3]
         | (I can't recall if those specific buildings were rendered - we
         | have a tradition of drawing stone lines onto render so that it
         | resembles limestone construction).
         | 
         | [1] https://images.mansionglobal.com/im-365825/social
         | 
         | [2] https://offloadmedia.feverup.com/secretbristol.com/wp-
         | conten...
         | 
         | [3] https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-bristol-57212364
        
         | randomdata wrote:
         | _> I predict that in 20-30 years these houses will be seen as
         | one of the ugly architectural trends of my time._
         | 
         | Isn't that always the case? I seem to recall that all
         | architectural styles have been considered ugly 30-40 years
         | after they were first in fashion. And then eventually they
         | start to become appreciated.
        
           | modo_mario wrote:
           | History goes quite far back. The extremely rapid change of
           | pace is quite recent. Architectural fast fashion if you will.
           | Rather environmentally unfriendly i'd say since it allows for
           | easy updating to modern specs that still almost never
           | outmatches the carbon bomb that is the actual
           | construction/materials.
        
         | pmontra wrote:
         | The house at [1] in the parent post could be a modern house in
         | any country of the world. It just doesn't fit into the history
         | of any of them.
        
         | xdennis wrote:
         | I like traditional houses very much, but there are two things
         | you to consider: cost and regulations.
         | 
         | When you pay a fortune for the land and building materials you
         | can't really build something nice.
         | 
         | When you have to comply with a million regulations, costs go
         | even higher if you want an individualized house. If you keep it
         | blocky and without decorations you can keep it affordable.
         | 
         | You would never get permission to build the Parthenon because
         | it's simply not energy efficient.
         | 
         | Personally I think you should be able to build your own house
         | without regulations, but not to sell it (i.e. you have to
         | demolish it to sell the land). It's the perfect compromise
         | between safety and freedom.
        
           | leoedin wrote:
           | I don't agree at all. The kinds of regulations that define
           | how buildings are made are all pretty compatible with
           | traditional building techniques. Obviously modern houses need
           | to have insulation and air tightness, but that's not
           | incompatible with block and timber construction used in old
           | houses.
           | 
           | The cost of complying with regulations when building a house
           | isn't even particularly high. It's stuff like "use x
           | thickness of insulation" and "design it with a protected fire
           | escape route". It doesn't cost much at the design stage to
           | take those into account. The dominating cost is materials and
           | labour.
           | 
           | What regulations stop people putting ornamentation on their
           | house?
        
         | trgn wrote:
         | Belgian houses are exceptionally ugly. Very badly proportioned.
         | Belgium has the most beautiful cities in the world, but what
         | that really means is that all the attractive areas predate the
         | 30s. Once outside, it's a shockingly ugly country. Architects
         | cannot seem to balance anything, weirdly positioned windows
         | everywhere (e.g. https://www.a2o-architecten.be/work/vaartkom,
         | this is so typical of all the dreck I saw going up there). Sad
         | to see you use Leuven as an example. When I lived there some
         | decade ago, all new buildings going up were unfathomably ugly.
         | The old core was perfection though.
         | 
         | Kudos to Belgium to preserving its heritage so well, big thumbs
         | down to being a black hole for architecture today.
        
       | JR1427 wrote:
       | The examples of unornamented buildings in the article are
       | actually highly ornamented, but just more subtly.
       | 
       | In the UK at least, many buildings have zero ornamentation, and
       | are just plain brickwork, without even window ledges etc, and
       | these look terrible to me.
        
         | JR1427 wrote:
         | Here is an example of the style I'm talking about
         | https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Low-rise_flats,_Turv...
        
           | quickthrower2 wrote:
           | After Glenfell I am happy to see a council house/tower whose
           | facade hasn't been fucked with. In reckon a better solution
           | is trees around it.
        
             | JR1427 wrote:
             | I lived near Grenfell, and tragically watched it burn from
             | my flat.
             | 
             | The facelift they gave it was awful, and I would personally
             | not call it ornamentation.
             | 
             | Lots of modern architecture seems to try and create the
             | illusion/impression of ornamentation, without going to the
             | trouble of actually ornamenting.
        
       | rsynnott wrote:
       | Personally, not a huge fan of the overly-ornamented stuff, but I
       | do think that the current architectural trends are overly...
       | generic. Case in point; Fitzwilton House, in Dublin, a Brutalist
       | office block recently demolished and replaced with a modern one.
       | The original was, well, a lot of people didn't like it, but it
       | was utterly unique. The replacement is a completely generic glass
       | thing, almost indistinguishable from the next one down the canal,
       | or literally thousands of others worldwide.
       | 
       | Before and after shots:
       | https://www.archiseek.com/2016/permission-demolish-fitzwilto...
       | 
       | Pictures don't really do justice to just how startling the thing
       | looked; it was completely unignoreable. Now, from a practical
       | point of view, it probably needed replacing; it was a pretty
       | inefficient use of land, if nothing else. But they could at least
       | have replaced it with something interesting.
       | 
       | (Fun fact: it used to contain the Australian embassy, amongst
       | other things, which always felt vaguely inappropriate; Australia
       | just doesn't have the appropriate sinister vibes for such a
       | building.)
        
         | tpm wrote:
         | Yeah looking at the pictures I am slightly dissapointed. For
         | comparison, I am looking from my window at this (Slovak
         | National Archive):
         | https://www.flickr.com/photos/80942841@N08/8352212537/in/pho...
        
         | troupo wrote:
         | The main problem I see is that modern architecture robs cities
         | and countries of their character.
         | 
         | Yet another soulless amalgamation of concrete and glass (that
         | invariably wins prestigious awards and is praised for its
         | uniqueness or something) can be plopped anywhere, Dubai,
         | Stockholm, New York, or Cape Town, and it wouldn't make a shred
         | of difference.
        
           | pocketarc wrote:
           | You are absolutely right there.
           | 
           | But personally, instead of lamenting it, I see it as a sign
           | of our march towards the "Earth" culture. We are watching the
           | development of the first global civilisation unfold.
           | 
           | It's exciting, even if it has none of the charm of older
           | architectural styles.
        
             | Mordisquitos wrote:
             | But _is_ it exciting? Why? Personally I find the idea of a
             | uniform "Earth" culture with no local identities as
             | exciting as the idea of never being able to travel away my
             | own local culture to experience a different one, that is,
             | not exciting at all.
        
               | c22 wrote:
               | It might be kind of exciting if it stopped people from
               | traveling around so damn much. But of course everyone
               | will still take 2-4 weeks every year to fly to one of the
               | same generic vacation destinations and double or
               | quadruple their lifetime energy footprint.
        
             | troupo wrote:
             | It's not "the development of the first global
             | civilisation". It's the death of imagination and
             | creativity.
             | 
             | You'd think that for a place as varied and interesting as
             | Earth, you'd emerge with something that is as varied and
             | interesting.
        
               | kipchak wrote:
               | It also seems like you would expect the practical
               | considerations from environment and material availability
               | to result in different looking buildings. For example
               | pitched roofs and large windows in climates with lots of
               | snow, or windcatchers, flat roofs, white paint and small
               | windows in warmer places.
        
               | CrimsonCape wrote:
               | Much like the original post, the construction industry
               | has an intimate understanding of the pricing of the plain
               | box as a 'standard' and the non-plain box as a 'premium /
               | luxury'. The resulting environment expresses bland
               | uniformity as a standard cost and unqiueness as high-
               | specialty luxury.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | We can have a global civilisation without the buildings
             | being so bloody boring.
        
             | philwelch wrote:
             | The "global civilization" spent 20 years trying to
             | assimilate Afghanistan before just giving up and allowing a
             | rebuilt Kabul and all of its bland contemporary
             | architecture get overrun by a gang of medieval goat
             | herders. I suspect the world has already reached peak
             | homogenization and will increasingly splinter on cultural
             | lines in the future.
        
           | notjustanymike wrote:
           | This is exactly the problem with Hudson Yards in NYC. Even
           | now, the most likely image you'll see when searching for
           | Hudson yards is of the rather terrible "Vessel" sculpture
           | they plopped down in the middle. This is because all the
           | surrounding buildings are so devoid of character that they're
           | near impossible to photograph in an interesting manner.
        
             | boppo1 wrote:
             | Is The Vessel still closed because too many people were
             | committing sudoku by jumping off it?
        
           | mkehrt wrote:
           | To be clear on terminology--this isn't "Modern" architecture;
           | it's "contemporary". Modern refers to a very specific set of
           | movements. The demolished brutalist building the OP mentions
           | is an offshoot of Modern. The replacement is not.
        
             | troupo wrote:
             | Common definition of the term "modern" is "relating to the
             | present or recent times as opposed to the remote past.".
             | 
             | I'd rather call architectural styles from 100 years ago
             | "modernist" to avoid confusion.
        
           | Duanemclemore wrote:
           | What you, I, and everybody else here hates and is responding
           | to here is the design choices of major corporations who are
           | larger than many governments and have the ability and
           | incentive to push and use an anodyne and inoffensively bland
           | style that fits in anywhere in the world of the modern global
           | economy. The awards are part of the same system, trying to
           | give legitimacy to itself.
           | 
           | That said - the International Style, which started over a
           | hundred years ago at this point (back when style "movements"
           | were still a thing) was actually a universalist project,
           | trying to argue FOR the ideal architecture whose express
           | purpose was that it COULD BE plopped down anywhere.
           | 
           | Needless to say that approach has some... issues. But it has
           | to be understood that the world they were reacting to was
           | VASTLY different from today. Tenement slums without indoor
           | plumbing were still a thing for example. These guys were
           | massively egotistical, paternalistic, etc. So of course their
           | approach was going to have certain flaws. But they were
           | trying to do what -they thought- was in the universal good.
           | 
           | More recently people like Frampton argued for "critical
           | regionalism" that tries to reconcile local character and
           | culture with contemporary standardized building practices.
           | Then postmodernism happened and history and local culture
           | were allowed back in the academy (cf: Washington Library).
           | Since deconstructivism collapsed under the weight of self-
           | parody it's been a kind of no limits return to regionally
           | responsive architecture.
           | 
           | But the awards that are being given out for that aren't the
           | ones that get all the press. Except the Pritzker, which has
           | really changed its tune in the past 15 years in recognizing
           | architecture with more character and sensitivity to its
           | culture.
        
           | Almondsetat wrote:
           | You can find neoclassical buildings in Boston, Havana, Paris,
           | Oslo, Moscow.
           | 
           | They all look the same, just like skyscrapers.
           | 
           | "soullessness" and "lack of character" go back a long way,
           | and people only mentioning it when talking about brutalism or
           | glass buildings is just evidence they know nothing about the
           | history and culture they are trying to preserve
        
             | philwelch wrote:
             | The problem with brutalism or glass buildings isn't that it
             | all looks the same or lacks local character. The problem is
             | that they are ugly. It's only when we are asking the second
             | "why"--"why are they ugly?"--that we find out that, at
             | least in part, these styles are specifically designed to
             | avoid any sort of local or cultural flavor. Neoclassical
             | architecture doesn't have this problem because it
             | intentionally calls back to Greece and Rome, reflecting a
             | cultural heritage that is, in fact, shared all the way from
             | Moscow to Boston.
        
         | navane wrote:
         | They're the same picture. Someone drew a rectangle in AutoCAD,
         | then did some repeating offsets, handed it to the engineers:
         | "make it work". All I see is rectangles in rectangles ad
         | infinitum.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Yeah, nobody is the winner in this debate, regardless of who
           | won.
           | 
           | I hate both buildings, enough that I'm having negative
           | feelings about both architects.
           | 
           | They are both so godawfully ugly that I would probably walk a
           | different route rather than get angry again every time I walk
           | past. Gross.
        
             | rsynnott wrote:
             | I used to kind of like the old one when I walked past it.
             | The new one is just very, very generic; you don't notice it
             | at all.
        
         | s_dev wrote:
         | I think Theatre Royal vs Hawkins House is better example in
         | Dublin:
         | 
         | https://www.dochara.com/the-irish/then-now/hawkins-st-theatr...
         | 
         | Almost seems criminal.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | If anyone remembers the Kingdome in Seattle, surfing the lead
           | up to demolition someone ran pictures of the original
           | proposal. The artist rendering was a white building, that
           | looked okay, maybe even good.
           | 
           | What Seattle got was raw concrete. Pseudo brutalist. That
           | building was an ugly piece of shit the day it opened, and it
           | just got uglier every day after. To paraphrase Office Space,
           | every time you saw the Kingdome, it was the ugliest it had
           | ever been.
           | 
           | What they replaced it with has changed names a couple times
           | but is a decent building. And the Mariner's stadium has
           | actual brick on it, but due to budget problems only on the
           | side that faces away from most commuters.
           | 
           | It seems like the artists' drawings for some buildings,
           | especially the simple ones, can end up lying quite a bit. I
           | get the same vibe from the building in the parent comment. I
           | bet the proposal was exactly the same shape as what they
           | build but the facade was rendered much differently.
        
             | philwelch wrote:
             | The Kingdome was an engineering catastrophe on top of an
             | architectural one. It was physically falling apart and
             | deemed unsafe for use years before it was even paid off.
        
           | rsynnott wrote:
           | You'll be glad to hear that it's gone now, though the
           | replacement isn't particularly inspiring. That sort of thing
           | was definitely the low-point of Dublin's architecture,
           | though; awful building.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | You can tell how ugly a building is by how many trees are
         | obscuring it in photos.
         | 
         | The replacement is definitely boring and generic. Still far
         | less ugly than the brutalist building it replaced. I think this
         | photo gives a better impression of it:
         | 
         | https://www.flickr.com/photos/turgidson/7570053250
        
         | TheCoreh wrote:
         | I initially thought the before/after pictures were just two
         | different views of the "before". I was looking for the after.
         | 
         | Both buildings are conceptually very similar. I do like both.
        
         | neuralRiot wrote:
         | I think the minimalist design trend came from the necessity of
         | making mass production simpler and it still is lauded as "ultra
         | modern" and futuristic because it makes good looking design
         | easier and in turn faster and cheaper. It's easier to throw
         | away all the furniture and just put 4 white cubes on a white-
         | paited room and call it minimalist interior design than
         | actually choosing different pieces and colors that work
         | together.
        
       | Tanoc wrote:
       | One thing I've noticed by people watching, both in real life and
       | digitally, is that even if there's a lot of things to do, people
       | won't stick around if the buildings around them are blah and
       | flat. You could have an amazing square with all sorts of little
       | fried food carts and comfortable benches or a digital square with
       | lots of minigames and events, but people won't go there if
       | they're surrounded by modernist and post-modernist architecture
       | comprised of flat glass and concrete surfaces, no matter how
       | planar or curved the overall forms actually are. Such buildings
       | have a "This is a place of function, not humanity" aura that
       | people unconsciously pick up on.
        
         | trimistermota wrote:
         | But this aura is also a lot of social conditioning. People pick
         | up on this aura because people have been taught that ornament
         | is art based architecture and modern designs are function based
         | architecture.
        
           | DrScientist wrote:
           | I think you are wrong - I think it's much more fundamental
           | than that - boring environments stress and depress people
           | [1][2].
           | 
           | The flip side of why people find a walk in nature lifts their
           | mood.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.theguardian.com/artanddesign/2023/oct/19/dema
           | nd-... [2] https://www.thecut.com/2016/04/the-psychological-
           | cost-of-bor...
        
         | PaulDavisThe1st wrote:
         | According to Christopher Alexander et al. in A Pattern
         | Language, it's about edges: you want buildings to have a non-
         | zero-width "edge" to them that creates an additional zone that
         | is (a) not the building (b) not the open space beyond it. APL
         | has several nice examples of this.
        
           | btbuildem wrote:
           | C.A. talks about centers -- edges are one of the aspects that
           | help create centers, but there are many others.
           | 
           | Repetition is one of the tools that help emphasize and create
           | centers. Look at the building in the first photo in the
           | article -- how much repetition there is in terms of shapes,
           | architectural "molecules".
        
       | sidcool wrote:
       | What do building architects think of Ayn Rand's treatise on
       | architecture in the FountainHead?
        
         | badcppdev wrote:
         | Curious about the size of the segment on the Venn diagram ...
         | 
         | HN commenter, Architect, FountainHead reader
        
       | vmfunction wrote:
       | > Harold Washington Library in Chicago
       | 
       | Hmm, that looks quite like a ripe off of the Central Post &
       | Telegraph Head Office in Denmark.
       | 
       | https://media.homeanddecor.com.sg/public/2020/11/0-VillaCph_...
        
         | Mtinie wrote:
         | I agree they share elements, and that's totally expected given
         | their architectural style lineage.
         | 
         | Central Post & Telegraph building is classified as Neo-
         | Baroque[1], while the Harold Washington Library (of
         | significantly later construction) reflects many of the Beaux-
         | Arts[2] forms and ornamentation.
         | 
         | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baroque_Revival
         | 
         | [2] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture
        
           | vmfunction wrote:
           | wow thanks for the architectural info. This is what I like
           | about HN.
        
       | svckr wrote:
       | To me, Loos' argument comes across as some grand rationalisation
       | for a simple difference in taste. I.e. "I don't like it, but to
       | state my opinion as a fact, I came up with this story about
       | efficiency"
       | 
       | "Why do you waste all that effort (on something that I,
       | personally, don't enjoy or benefit from)?" is an argument I read
       | between the lines all to often ...
        
         | incrudible wrote:
         | Not just efficiency, but _degeneracy and criminality_. The
         | article fails to mention his own degenerate sex crimes,
         | however. Much of his own work is not devoid of ornament, and
         | ironically these works stood the test of time, in my opinion.
         | His oversimplified work may have been startling in its day,
         | today it looks bland next to the many many utilitarian
         | buildings that followed this trend. Reduction inevitably leads
         | to conformity. A cube looks like a cube, no matter who
         | specified its dimensions.
        
         | kelseyfrog wrote:
         | The article gives too much credit to Loos.
         | 
         | > Loos made ornamentation sound like something practiced only
         | by primitive peoples or criminal deviants.
         | 
         | Loos didn't make ornamentation "sound like" something practiced
         | only by primitive peoples or criminal deviants. That was his
         | main point. His argument is
         | 
         | 1. We're more evolved than primitive people.
         | 
         | 2. Primitive people, degenerates, and criminals ornament
         | themselves and their environments.
         | 
         | 3. Therefore we've evolved beyond the need to ornament our
         | selves and environment.
         | 
         | A simple difference in taste doesn't quite capture Loos'
         | racism. Loos attempts to build a reality where he and un-
         | ornamentalists are more civilized, cultured, and morally
         | superior to others and ornamentation is evidence of such. He
         | uses ornamentation to construct a difference and then uses that
         | difference to validate his superiority.
         | 
         | Loos' argument rests on othering "primitive people" and makes
         | makes six total references toward the Papuans to accomplish
         | this. It's short so I'll list each one.
         | 
         | 1. Comparing them to children - "At the age of two he[the
         | child] looks like a Papuan"
         | 
         | 2. Describing them again as immoral children - "The child is
         | amoral. So is the Papuan, to us."
         | 
         | 3. As cannibals - "The Papuan kills his enemies and eats them."
         | 
         | 4. As a reckless ornamenter - "The Papuan tattoos his skin, his
         | boat, his rudder, his oars; in short, everything he can get his
         | hands on."
         | 
         | 5. Again compares them to children, and implies they are
         | degenerates - "But what is natural for, a Papuan and a child,
         | is degenerate for modern man."
         | 
         | 6. That "we" are more progressed than primitive people. -
         | "People progressed far enough for ornament to give them
         | pleasure no longer, indeed so far that a tattooed face no
         | longer heightened their aesthetic sensibility, as it did with
         | the Papuans, but diminished it."
         | 
         | I can't stress enough how childish Loos himself comes across in
         | the piece. It's a temper tantrum of an article and I'm honestly
         | surprised it's taken seriously, or at least was. I'd encourage
         | folks to read the original[1]. It's a five to ten minute read.
         | 
         | 1. https://www.archdaily.com/798529/the-longish-read-
         | ornament-a...
        
       | somewhereoutth wrote:
       | The headline image (Harold Washington Library, Chicago, 1987) is
       | a good example of how Post Modernism got things badly wrong -
       | with its haphazard ornamentation grabbing styles from all over
       | the time/place and tastelessly agglomerating them together
       | without coherent thesis.
       | 
       | Sadly there are many more such examples, architecture was in a
       | dark place in the 80s.
        
         | coldtea wrote:
         | Still way better looking than 99% of "modernist"
         | architecture...
         | 
         | At least here it's just tastelessness at fault, as opposed to a
         | concrete (pun intended) hatred of beauty...
        
         | _dark_matter_ wrote:
         | I like the look of that building. I don't care at all that it
         | may be haphazard in architecture history.
        
         | Kon-Peki wrote:
         | The original downtown library in Chicago closed in the late
         | 1970s and moved to temporary space; they spent a full decade
         | arguing about a permanent replacement before finally agreeing
         | to issue a bond and to hold a design competition.
         | 
         | This design was a collaboration among many groups, and had a
         | long list of "as a homage to XXXX, we've included this design
         | element." It almost certainly wasn't a serious entry, but that
         | list of design elements apparently kept getting it enough votes
         | to stay in the competition as they did each round of
         | elimination. At the end of the competition, they looked at the
         | remaining entries and realized that this was the only one that
         | could be built for the amount of money in the bond issue. So it
         | won.
         | 
         | It's pretty strange as the "cheap" option, because everything
         | you touch is made of marble, brass or solid wood, the doors are
         | huge and very heavy, every light fixture looks custom made,
         | it's filled with artwork and sculptures, etc.
        
         | btbuildem wrote:
         | I couldn't disagree more - it's a beautiful building with a
         | strong presence. The only thing I can see being a "bit much"
         | are the adornments on the roof.
        
         | kipchak wrote:
         | I agree it's rather haphazard and incoherent, but given it's a
         | library and the variety of material it contains I think the
         | lack of coherency somewhat works.
        
       | airstrike wrote:
       | This reminds me of "Why Beauty Matters", a documentary by Roger
       | Scruton, which fundamentally transformed my views on architecture
       | and beauty in general
       | 
       | https://vimeo.com/549715999
        
         | blueridge wrote:
         | Came here to mention Scruton. Would recommend the documentary
         | mentioned above, plus Scruton's book: The Aesthetics of
         | Architecture.
         | 
         | https://www.scruton.org/building-beautiful
         | 
         | I am also obsessed with traditional Japanese architecture. Lots
         | of simple ornament, warm colors and materials, deliberate use
         | of shadows and light.
         | 
         | https://eastwindinc.com/
         | 
         | Books:
         | 
         | Japanese Homes and their Surroundings
         | 
         | Japanese Architecture: An Exploration of Elements & Forms
        
           | airstrike wrote:
           | Thank you for these resources!
        
       | cocostation wrote:
       | "The latter presumably referred to the current fashion for
       | tattoos among European royals, including Edward VII, Kaiser
       | Wilhelm II, and Tsar Nicholas II."
       | 
       | Wait...what?!
        
       | jrochkind1 wrote:
       | But even the Looshaus, the example of an at the time scandalously
       | unornamented building -- on first glance at the picture, seemed
       | to me more comfortable, asthetically pleasing, human-centered,
       | and spirit-raising than most contemporary new construction.
       | 
       | So what's that about?
       | 
       | Is the Looshaus, even though unornamented for the time, still
       | more ornamented than contemporary standard? Or is it about
       | something other than ornamentation? Or is it just my own personal
       | judgement which is unusual or wrong (based only a picture, not
       | being there in person) -- what do people generally think of the
       | Looshaus today?
        
       | throwawaaarrgh wrote:
       | I've been lucky enough to go to a few folk art museums around the
       | world. Buildings made by peasants can be richly ornamented, a
       | stark contrast to the landscape, or fitting in with it. The
       | designs showcase their craftsmanship, their relationship to their
       | faith, their connection to their culture, and to the natural
       | world. It reminds one of what it means to be a human who cares
       | about more than function. Art and culture may not be the sole
       | domain of humans, but it's one we've mastered. The spaces we live
       | in and around should be filled with it.
        
       | AnimalMuppet wrote:
       | We moved recently. Our previous house served us well, with
       | adequate space for all the kids. My wife never complained. But
       | this time, as we were getting ready to hunt for a house, she
       | said, "Can our next house be _pretty_? "
       | 
       | Beauty matters. We can have different definitions of what beauty
       | _is_ , and tastes change. But we still need beauty. We are not
       | just purely functional organisms, whether or not our philosophy
       | admits it. We have a sense of the aesthetic. We don't like ugly,
       | and we don't like boring, and we don't want to be surrounded by
       | either of them.
        
       | holy_duck wrote:
       | Howard Roark rolling in his grave
        
       | btbuildem wrote:
       | Christopher Alexander (the architect and design theorist
       | mentioned in the beginning of the article) wrote at length (and
       | depth!) on the concepts underlying the sense of "liveliness" or
       | "life" in spaces, and "quality" in general. He was pretty
       | successful at capturing it too; his "Pattern Language" describes
       | well a lot of the aspects that make spaces and structures
       | coherent vs not.
       | 
       | Whenever I see this stuff discussed, the conversation rarely
       | plumbs the depths. But even in this article -- just look at the
       | photos. The buildings accused of being ornamented -- they're
       | elaborate in a specific way; the complications aren't there just
       | for the sake of adding something, they reiterate certain
       | structural themes, create depth, a sense of connection at variety
       | of scales. Compare to the "unadorned" buildings -- dead, flat,
       | boring, generic, your attention slips off them like water off an
       | oiled pan.
       | 
       | What I often muse about as someone who builds software, are the
       | parallels between the concerns of the architect and those of a UX
       | designer. We've all seen styles and themes come and go, and some
       | comparisons beg to be drawn. The flat design trends of recent
       | years match the anonymous glass facades housing the FAANGs.
       | Skeuomorphic interfaces as degenerate and overburdened as baroque
       | twirls at their peak. Etc etc.
       | 
       | But underlying these comparisons is always the qualification of
       | purpose. The flat and skeuo interfaces fall short precisely
       | because they're decorated (or, undecorated) for style's sake,
       | there's a disconnect from function - even if the function
       | (especially if!) is to make the person faced with them feel a
       | certain way.
       | 
       | Over the many years, the only interfaces I've seen fulfill their
       | mission of connecting with the user, creating a unique space that
       | immerses and engages, are those in games. Finely crafted one-
       | offs, thematic, memorable, full of intricate detail, intimately
       | connected to the subjects of the interaction, the mission, the
       | overall story of the game.
       | 
       | They're coherent, involved, and what communicates that connection
       | are the many details, specific and deliberate. Yes at first
       | glance they're ornamental, but reveal themselves to be deeply
       | functional after a longer look.
        
         | pmontra wrote:
         | Skeuomorphic interfaces educated people to click for the first
         | time on buttons which resembled buttons in real life. Having to
         | click on unadorned words would have been too difficult. Which
         | words are to click, which words are only to read? It still is
         | difficult at times but 30+ years of collective education makes
         | it possible.
        
         | apineda wrote:
         | Could you recommend any particular readings for Christopher
         | Alexander?
        
           | VoodooJuJu wrote:
           | _A Pattern Language_
        
           | Duanemclemore wrote:
           | You can't go wrong! His most important treatise - and the
           | book I talk about more with UX people and software devs more
           | than architects even - is A Pattern Language.
           | 
           | Basically the deal with Alexander is he was a VERY early
           | adopter of computerization in architecture. He made some
           | kinda... missteps? about systematization in his earliest
           | writings. Then walked it all back / developed it with "A City
           | is Not a Tree" talking about graphs and urban organization.
           | 
           | His arc from there was constantly deeper into trying to make
           | sense of how information science techniques could be applied,
           | most notably in A Pattern Language and the case study of its
           | application, The Oregon Project.
           | 
           | Then, his "magnum opus" was a development on that where he
           | tried to fill in the gaps that A Pattern Language left was A
           | Timeless Way of Building.
           | 
           | If you don't want to get too deep, I'd stick with A Pattern
           | Language.
        
           | btbuildem wrote:
           | There are a few! Depending on what aspect / approach you
           | prefer. These four are my favourites:
           | 
           | "The Nature of Order" (four books!) is the most extensive -
           | beautiful, comprehensive, a little overwhelming, he lays out
           | a broad philosophy of how built up spaces can foster life.
           | Lots of visual examples, but gets pretty conceptual and
           | abstract too.
           | 
           | "The Timeless Way of Building" is a bit more focused, centers
           | around the architectural concerns. More compact, more
           | practical than the Nature of Order.
           | 
           | "Pattern Language" -- you'll see that one suggested a lot. He
           | lays out the concepts of interacting patterns ("best
           | practices") that act on a variety of scales, some more
           | generic, some more abstract. It's less of a read than a
           | reference, but a few chapters lay out the motivations.
           | 
           | "Notes on the Synthesis of Form" - the most far out one of
           | the four suggestions, abstract, philosophical, a rarefied
           | read. Dissects the essence of concepts, defines what "form"
           | is -- fascinating read for sure, and not too long.
        
         | gwern wrote:
         | > the complications aren't there just for the sake of adding
         | something, they reiterate certain structural themes, create
         | depth, a sense of connection at variety of scales. Compare to
         | the "unadorned" buildings -- dead, flat, boring, generic, your
         | attention slips off them like water off an oiled pan.
         | 
         | Exactly. Consider the very first photograph, which highlights
         | the owls: I couldn't actually see the books, but I could see
         | the owls, and my instant thought was, 'I bet this is a
         | library'. Because owls are so strongly associated with wisdom,
         | Athena, books, and learning. Far from being useless, they are
         | subtly serving as a UI, drawing on a recognition memory: even
         | 30 years from now, should I happen to be walking through
         | Chicago, I will probably recognize the library as a library
         | solely from the owl-book cues.
         | 
         | I'm reminded of Tufte's 'data ink' phrase: Tufte visualizations
         | can often be quite beautiful, but they are not necessarily
         | _minimal_ ; they could be made simpler by removing
         | 'ornamentation', but only by also losing subtle 'data' or
         | theme. (You can have plenty of style or decoration, it just has
         | to _mean something_.)
         | 
         | Whereas, in the anti-human boxes prized by modernism, they are
         | interchangeable, meaningless, big ugly dumb boxes, designed for
         | humans and things to be shuffled in and out of at the
         | convenience of the powers that be - cubicles writ large.
        
       | martythemaniak wrote:
       | People are looking for objectivity in vain. Beyond basic
       | structure, there is no objectivity in art, music, architecture,
       | fashion, etc. That is, you can make the argument that a
       | discordant piano piece is objectively worse than one that follows
       | well-worn progressions, and that would be pretty believable, but
       | saying that a piece with more tremolos than one with no tremolos
       | is objectively better just doesn't work.
       | 
       | Ornamentation is taste, and taste is very cyclical. If you grew
       | up in an over-the-top ornamented place, it's very understandable
       | that you'd view the simple clean lines of modernist architecture
       | as a revelation. OTOH, if you grew up in bland generic
       | International Style places, it's perfectly understandable why
       | you'd yearn for something beyond basic shapes. You can't separate
       | taste from the environment you grew up in, your predisposition
       | for novelty-seeking etc.
       | 
       | FWIW, I think we're near the end of the modernist cycle. A lot of
       | us grew up in very bland environments and now we want something
       | more. But 100 years ago, the same thing we're now decrying was a
       | breath of fresh, calming air in a suffocating environment.
        
       | usrusr wrote:
       | I've been preaching this myself for quite a while: the way the
       | aesthetics of minimalistically clean surfaces work is by
       | emphasizing new-ness while they are in fact new. That does look
       | awesome, I'm guilty of enjoying that look myself, but when that
       | new-ness disappears, the same design emphasizes its absence.
       | Ornaments are the the key to graceful aging in architecture.
       | 
       | When you have a clean white wall, with three square windows
       | decisively set in one part, yeah, it looks bold and fresh. But
       | after a few years you get a wall with those rainwater "tear
       | paths" that just look sad because there's nothing else to catch
       | the eye. If instead there were some sills, ledges or maybe just
       | some brick surface patterns, those same water traces would be
       | patina that's perceived as part of the ornament.
        
         | c22 wrote:
         | The key is maintenance. If you wash that wall every day it will
         | never develop water stains, and a flat unadorned wall is easier
         | to wash than one with a lot of nooks and crannies.
         | 
         | A lot of walls don't get washed every day though, even the flat
         | minimalist ones. What makes sense for a school or a hospital or
         | a courthouse might not make sense for a home or a condo.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | Because washing it every day would drastically raise the
           | lifetime cost of the building.
           | 
           | We spend millions in the year before a building opens, then
           | millions every decade it exists on maintenance and repairs.
           | Having a full time washer would raise that quite a bit.
           | 
           | Window washers make hazard pay and have higher insurance
           | costs than janitors because of the physical danger, do they
           | not?
        
         | MichaelZuo wrote:
         | I agree, minimalism hides the complexity, it doesn't make it go
         | away.
        
       | anon291 wrote:
       | My wife and I purchased a 1920s home for exactly this reason.
       | It's not a magnificent home by any means, but at that time, they
       | seemed to pay more attention to small details. Simple things like
       | the kinds of molding used. The kinds of window frames on the
       | outside. The attention paid to the facade rather than just the
       | function of the home on the inside. The leading on the glass of
       | the builtins (which conveniently also makes it very easy to
       | replace broken pieces). The art deco themes on the door. The
       | stair railings which are both functional, yet artistic at the
       | same time. Not to mention the lighting, which is so far removed
       | from 'Restoration Hardware generic chic' that it almost makes you
       | want to cry to think about the kind of thing we find acceptable
       | today. Everything is subtle but it makes life better to live in
       | something pretty rather than meh.
        
       | Duanemclemore wrote:
       | Hi, architect here. I'll completely sidestep specific arguments
       | or a criticism of the critic, except one thing. The idea that
       | there's some kind of competition of ideologies inside the entire
       | discipline of architecture is dated.
       | 
       | It would be impossible to summarize the entire "architectural
       | dialog" as one thing, but let's be general. Inside these
       | discussions, a lot of us laugh a people like Patrik Schumacher
       | for constantly trying to make some battle of the -isms happen.
       | Rybczynski has had a long and prolific career, and can be
       | forgiven for being of an older generation who were taught that
       | there was some ideological battle for what was "right" or good or
       | beautiful in "architecture."
       | 
       | But today your typical architect is going to have their own
       | design "style" or method, but also a pluralistic view that it's
       | the diversity of approaches that makes architecture richer. Most
       | architects I know could expound on their love for say Olson
       | Kundig, David Chipperfield, Freddie Mamani, and Kengo Kuma in a
       | single sitting.
       | 
       | I couldn't tell you a single architect who doesn't actively want
       | to make beautiful buildings that elevate the human spirit.
       | Rybczynski only uses the word "developer" once in the entire
       | piece (even then it's just to mention that Wagner was one). In
       | reality, it's the economic logic of modern development that has
       | driven the enshittification of architecture hated by everyone -
       | architects most of all.
        
         | anon291 wrote:
         | Let's suppose this is true. If it were true, I'd expect there
         | to be at least some architects producing renderings of the sort
         | of architecture they would like to build, if even just for
         | design exploration. However, when I do see these sorts of
         | experimental architecture designs online (granted, I'm not
         | really 'in on' the right spaces), they typically are all the
         | same style of 'modern bland'. Where're the architects showing
         | us what they would like to build that's actually interesting,
         | and pretty? I've seen a few architects reviving classical
         | styles, but they seem to be the minority. And interestingly
         | enough, those architects seem to be finding some success
         | getting projects funded.
         | 
         | So I guess, can you point me to some examples of modern
         | architects showcasing the sorts of things they'd rather build?
        
           | Duanemclemore wrote:
           | Thanks for the reply. I'd start by googling the four
           | architects with extremely diverse aesthetic sensibilities I
           | mentioned.
        
             | anon291 wrote:
             | Well I did. Of the four, only Freddie Mamani with his Neo
             | Andean stuff seemed to be doing anything truly different
             | and culturally influenced. The rest are just doing 'Global
             | modern bland'.
             | 
             | I'm honestly not sure how you would classify something like
             | this:
             | 
             | https://www.sensesatlas.com/freddy-mamani-neo-andean-
             | archite...
             | 
             | With anything from
             | 
             | https://olsonkundig.com/
             | 
             | The former looks like something new, where culturally
             | relevant ornamentation truly is given extra weight. The
             | latter looks like any generic fancy building you could find
             | anywhere in the world.
             | 
             | Which I think goes with what I said... there are a handful
             | doing something interesting and they seem to have enough
             | projects. It seems there would be demand. I notice that
             | Mamani in particular is self-taught, which probably
             | explains a lot of this.
        
         | CollinEMac wrote:
         | Thanks for sharing this.
         | 
         | The picture that's being painted online over the last few years
         | has ultra-modern super-minimalist architects on one side and
         | hyper-traditional maximum-maximalist architects on the other
         | side.
         | 
         | I haven't seen many actual architects giving their take on it
         | (they're probably out building stuff).
        
         | 4bpp wrote:
         | > expound on their love for say Olson Kundig, David
         | Chipperfield, Freddie Mamani, and Kengo Kuma in a single
         | sitting.
         | 
         | I was familiar with buildings by some of them, and looked up
         | the rest. Excepting, as a sibling post does, Freddie Mamani,
         | the best thing I can say about the ones that are not just
         | straight up unsightly is that they are _interesting_ , in the
         | way in which an essay that a verbally gifted student wrote
         | arguing for a nonsense position randomly pulled out of a hat
         | can be interesting. Do you think that, if you polled people who
         | have nothing to gain socially from signalling sophistication in
         | modern architecture (this in particular excludes all architects
         | and politically normal upper-middle-class white-collar
         | workers), many would report that their spirit was elevated by
         | them?
        
       | angarg12 wrote:
       | I used to love ultra modern white-box architecture, but recently
       | I gained a new appreciation for the buildings of my home city in
       | Europe that were built in the late 19th and early 20th century.
       | These buildings are very ornate and I find them beautiful to look
       | at. For example [1] is our old post office. When I look at that I
       | can't help but think, are modern architects even trying?
       | 
       | Ultra modern architecture is still interesting but I like it when
       | it goes beyond a white box and does something unique and
       | striking.
       | 
       | [1] https://offloadmedia.feverup.com/valenciasecreta.com/wp-
       | cont...
        
         | extractionmech wrote:
         | Those buildings were covered in sooth and ugly to look at when
         | Modernism was being born. Have you seen photos of London before
         | the great cleaning? It looks like a dark pit. 21st century arm
         | chair design crit needs to 'contextualize'* its criticism..
         | 
         | ex: *they were not easy to clean. Modern was easy to clean.
        
       | bitwize wrote:
       | Whenever I found myself having to engage with administrative arms
       | of the Massachusetts government, I found myself in Boston's
       | government district with its distinctive brutalist architecture:
       | https://2.bp.blogspot.com/_nbq2z7LV5VM/Sw71CQ9s1dI/AAAAAAAAB...
       | 
       | Which only added to my depression, as I felt like I was on
       | Vogsphere. And then imagine a New England winter wind whipping
       | through those rectilinear slabs. By all means, ornament your
       | buildings. Make your structure an aesthetic.
        
       | motohagiography wrote:
       | Ornaments are symbols that encode values. I was surprised they
       | didn't include Venturi's "ducks vs. decorated sheds," assessment
       | of ornamentation.
       | (https://99percentinvisible.org/article/lessons-sin-city-arch...)
       | 
       | The idea is that an unornamented building is just a single
       | (arguably vulgar) symbol intended to represent something else.
       | The example is a building shaped like a rubber duck. A decorated
       | shed is a building with a purpose and then ornamented symbols
       | attached to it to integrate it into its environment.
        
       | telotortium wrote:
       | HN would probably be interested in another book by the author,
       | Witold Rybczynski: One Good Turn: A Natural History of the
       | Screwdriver and the Screw (https://www.amazon.com/dp/0684867303).
       | It's born out of a writing prompt for a newspaper article - what
       | is the most important tool (for construction specifically) of the
       | past millennium? Prof. Rybczynski decided on this answer, and
       | gives a history of the screw, both as a fastener and as a way to
       | regulate motion in a machine. It's short but still quite
       | comprehensive, even involving looking for screws in medieval
       | drawings.
        
       | oatmeal1 wrote:
       | Wouldn't be nearly as much of a problem if we designed our living
       | spaces with some nature in mind. We plant non-native plants that
       | don't support any bees, butterflies or birds. We don't get to
       | smell the bloom of wildflowers in spring. We don't feel a breeze
       | of cool air as we walk by a forest. Streams are safely redirected
       | under roads so we no longer hear the trickle of water. Our lawns
       | are crafted to be as uniform as possible. We go from one lifeless
       | place to another every day. Of course we are bored!
        
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       (page generated 2024-01-04 23:01 UTC)