[HN Gopher] U.S. cities opt to ditch their off-street parking mi...
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       U.S. cities opt to ditch their off-street parking minimums
        
       Author : dylan604
       Score  : 146 points
       Date   : 2024-01-03 15:49 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.npr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.npr.org)
        
       | elektor wrote:
       | There is a thorough book on this topic, Paved Paradise: How
       | Parking Explains the World. Highly recommend it if you're
       | interested in the causes of so much of our dysfunction in housing
       | costs.
       | 
       | https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/634461/paved-paradi...
        
         | r00fus wrote:
         | Interesting. I also listen to podcasts like The War on Cars
         | [1].
         | 
         | [1] https://thewaroncars.org
        
         | _dain_ wrote:
         | Also "The High Cost of Free Parking" by Donald Shoup.
        
         | pramsey wrote:
         | Yep, good read and wonderful on the vicious cycle that led to
         | the downtowns of most US cities looking like WWII bombed out
         | zones by 1975.
        
           | adventured wrote:
           | That's not the cause at all. Extreme minority poverty and the
           | potent bifurcation of incomes, education and wealth in the US
           | is the cause.
           | 
           | Parking won't fix any of that realistically. You can push
           | minority poverty to the suburbs, which for example is what
           | France does, however it doesn't solve anything about the
           | bombed out look, it merely redistributes the problem to
           | somewhere else. You can gentrify the cities and push poor
           | minorities to the suburbs and inverse how it's arranged in
           | the US now, it will make the suburbs look bombed out - until
           | you fix the minority poverty problem.
        
             | ponector wrote:
             | Root cause it's poverty, it is zoning laws and taxes for
             | real estate.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | Lowering housing costs is a pretty good way to reduce
             | poverty, isn't it?
        
             | toofy wrote:
             | as usual, it's probably a mixture of many things, and
             | poverty is one, property prices is another, and there are
             | certainly many many others.
             | 
             | we (engineering types) have this terrible habit of
             | declaring that it is _One Thing_ when in reality, complex
             | problems are... complicated. shocking, i know. it isn't a
             | simple math problem with a one answer. human problems are
             | significantly more chaotic and fractal.
             | 
             | i don't want to imply that we shouldn't look at these and
             | add our ideas, only that id love to see us lessen our
             | crutches of "You're wrong, it's _X_!" and recognize that
             | others are probably correct _as well_.
        
           | kjkjadksj wrote:
           | Honestly that would be fixed with expanded immigration. Look
           | at places where the limited immigrants we have had in recent
           | years primarily ended up and have changed the demography,
           | like LA county or Miami-Dade county, and they don't look like
           | those midwestern or great plains cities. In fact there are
           | almost no vacant parcels anywhere today, with majority latino
           | populations now reflecting the recent waves of immigration.
        
             | ljsprague wrote:
             | You're confusing correlation with causation. Immigrants are
             | more likely to go where there are jobs.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Immigrants have a lot of motivations. Jobs are one, but
               | unless the immigrant was recruited for a specific job
               | (which is common) it isn't primary. There are jobs
               | everywhere, even in blighted cities.
               | 
               | Immigrants with no particular job in mind look for places
               | where the cost of living is low: they tend to have much
               | worse job prospects than normal, so a minimum wage job in
               | a low cost of living area is better life than double
               | minimum wage in a high cost of living area.
               | 
               | Immigrants often have poor English skills (or whatever
               | the local language is). They often are used to food not
               | common in the country. So if they can find a community of
               | other immigrants that means people they can comfortably
               | talk to, and also makes it more likely that someone can
               | figure out the process of getting food they like into
               | local stores.
        
             | carom wrote:
             | LA has extremely dysfunctional housing policy. A wave of
             | immigration does nothing but increase demand for housing
             | and drive up prices on rather limited stock. It has not
             | lead to an increase in housing stock or better commercial
             | districts. Adding more people who don't really speak the
             | language laws are written in doesn't change the laws that
             | prevent you from building vibrant cities.
             | 
             | There is very little mixed use. Majority of the city is
             | zoned single family. The only reason there are no parking
             | minimums is because the California changed that law. It has
             | nothing to do with expanded immigration. LA, despite the
             | immigration, is in massive need of a zoning overhaul to
             | build a vibrant city. Very little is walkable, it is very
             | car-centric, and the zoning is the strong opposition to all
             | of this.
        
         | hardcopy wrote:
         | There's a lot of people commenting in this thread that would
         | benefit from reading this book...
        
         | Amorymeltzer wrote:
         | Easily one of the best books I read last year, and probably the
         | one that had the biggest lasting effect on the way I look at
         | things.
        
       | voisin wrote:
       | It's one thing to ditch parking minimums, but it has to be
       | matched with investment in public transit. Simply eliminating
       | parking spots doesn't eliminate demand when there are no other
       | options for getting around. And I suspect the public transit
       | investment will be way more controversial and difficult to
       | implement.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | Ditch off street parking and buildings will become much more
         | dense, which in turn will make them more valuable (manhattan
         | land is more valuable than suburbia), smaller (because people
         | can't afford much space when land is expensive), which
         | increases density further.
         | 
         | End result: Nobody has space for a car, lots of demand for
         | public transit, makes it worth building public transit.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, there probably will be transitional years of
         | people fighting for parking spaces at ridiculous prices before
         | the transit gets built.
        
           | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
           | The "let's make life shittier for people so they'll do the
           | things I think are right" is bad politics and bad policy.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | Worked for Europe. Everyone there lives in houses perhaps
             | only half the size of a typical US home, and they're happy
             | with it. Most people have the _option_ to go live in the
             | countryside, have a big house and drive a car, all for the
             | same money, yet they _choose_ to have a small city
             | apartment and use public transport.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Europe was already built before cars existed whereas most
               | cities west of the Mississippi were designed for
               | automobiles save for a tiny downtown core.
               | 
               | This is especially true about Austin.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Paris screwed up their city in the 1970s. They fixed it.
               | The city didn't die.
               | 
               | https://www.unjourdeplusaparis.com/en/paris-
               | insolite/photos-...
               | 
               | There needs to be a will to change.
        
               | truncate wrote:
               | Umm, the public transit is much better and I guess cities
               | are more dense than say Austin at-least?
        
               | scythe wrote:
               | This is false. Europe always had public transit, up-
               | front. If you look at e.g. Paris you see that the peak in
               | car ownership and beginning of the decline coincides with
               | the economic crash of 2008:
               | 
               | https://www.ceicdata.com/en/france/motor-vehicle-
               | ownership-p...
               | 
               | Overall, the change has been small, and most people still
               | have a car. And the metro network was very advanced by
               | 1939 (unlike some US cities, these lines stayed):
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paris_M%C3%A9tro#/media/Fil
               | e:M...
               | 
               | That's in one of the densest and most famously walkable
               | cities in the world. Most cities in the United States
               | aren't going to be Paris anytime soon, and that's before
               | we consider the dismal state of _regional_ transport
               | (particularly around the West Coast) which was also
               | already extensive in France prior to 2000.
               | 
               | There is just no real basis for claiming that Europe
               | restricted cars _prior to_ building good transit. You
               | might find it in one or two cities, but certainly not
               | most -- in Europe, socialist and communist parties held
               | significant sway until the late  '70s in many countries
               | (in a few they've hung on), and pushed for transit the
               | whole time.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Europe BUILT transit. It's not like the tribes that
               | migrated in from elsewhere found a working subway and
               | decided to build Paris around it.
               | 
               | America needs to CHOOSE to build transit. The carrot
               | approach hasn't worked, so it's time for the stick.
        
             | polygamous_bat wrote:
             | > The "let's make life shittier for people so they'll do
             | the things I think are right" is bad politics and bad
             | policy.
             | 
             | So do you propose we lift all bans on drunk driving as to
             | make life slightly more enjoyable for a subset of society?
             | 
             | At some level all laws trade off "making life shittier" for
             | some to "make life better" for society. You can argue
             | against particular laws but categorically being against it
             | reduces your argument as asking for anarchism.
        
             | mint2 wrote:
             | That's framing "getting out of a local optima" in the most
             | negative terminology. Guess everyone should stay stuck in
             | the local optima and not even attempt to find a better one
             | or global one.
        
             | lukas099 wrote:
             | It's not making life shittier, it's making life better.
        
           | busterarm wrote:
           | The problem is that a functional public transit system
           | requires functional roadway design to begin with. Austin is a
           | sprawling mess with a highway system of concentric rings cut
           | through with crossing highways. It's designed for lots of
           | cars funneling people to and from sleepy bedroom communities
           | & downtown. It's not designed for moving masses of people
           | point to point where they need to go.
           | 
           | With the roads Austin has, public transit is expensive to
           | maintain and slow. Expanding the system won't change that,
           | but only exacerbate the current problems.
        
           | lukas099 wrote:
           | > End result: Nobody has space for a car, lots of demand for
           | public transit, makes it worth building public transit.
           | 
           | Also, far more tax revenue (from making land more productive)
           | makes public transit more affordable for the city.
        
         | nostrebored wrote:
         | This isn't true.
         | 
         | If there is a demand for parking spots in an area, dedicated
         | paid parking can be created -- based on market forces rather
         | than minimums. This parking is also often more dense and built
         | upwards. It's a more efficient use of city space.
         | 
         | As is, parking is subsidized by all residents of a city rather
         | than the people who actually consume parking. Much of this
         | space goes unused throughout the day, and the aggregate effect
         | necessarily means sprawl.
        
         | coldpie wrote:
         | Before: If you build a building of this size, you MUST also
         | build at least X parking spaces.
         | 
         | Now: If you build a building of this size, you MAY build as
         | many parking spaces as you think you need.
         | 
         | Seems like a strict improvement to me.
        
           | DoneWithAllThat wrote:
           | It's not. I've lived in neighborhoods that did this and it
           | was a nightmare. All street parking filling up by 4pm. Half
           | hour walks to your car. Neighbors keying each others cars for
           | taking up a space for too long. Guests basically just being
           | SOL - you'd literally be unable to have guests over because
           | if you left to pick them up there'd be no spot when you got
           | back, and if they drove themselves they'd never find a spot.
           | 
           | Without readily available and reliable public transportation
           | this is just lining developers pockets (because fewer parking
           | spaces needed means more units they can build).
        
             | _dain_ wrote:
             | It sounds like the parking was underpriced.
             | 
             | EDIT I am rate-limited so can't reply, but this part:
             | 
             | "If you have 200 cars"
             | 
             | This is only the case if the demand for parking / driving
             | is perfectly inelastic, which would be quite extraordinary.
             | Empirically, when you charge for parking or institute toll
             | roads, traffic tends to fall, in some cases sharply
             | (because many journeys are low value). I repeat: if the
             | parking spaces are still congested, the price should be
             | raised until they're not.
             | 
             | Assuming the number of cars would stay the same is like the
             | lump-of-labour fallacy. Lump of metal fallacy?
             | 
             | Then there's the supply side: guess what, that's not
             | inelastic either! If it's profitable to provide parking,
             | someone will build dedicated facilities for it and charge
             | for their use. This may be an alien concept for some of
             | you, but only because parking minimums cause such
             | oversupply that they can't be run profitably. In cities
             | where parking is priced sanely, it's unremarkable to see
             | this.
             | 
             | "Cars will just overflow into adjacent neighbourhoods"
             | okay, so charge for parking there too, until they don't.
             | Duh.
             | 
             | I don't see why cars should get to sit somewhere rent-free
             | but a human being can't. Urban land is valuable; if you
             | want to occupy it, pay what it costs, ya fuckin welfare
             | queens.
             | 
             | my language is harsh but it's hard not to be when I see so
             | many americans (it's _always_ americans) confidently
             | claiming that life is impossible without free parking. but
             | I live in a city without free parking and things work just
             | fine. I can literally just look out of my window and it
             | disproves all the doomsaying. every commute and trip to the
             | supermarket is uneventful and not ruined in the slightest
             | by a lack of free parking. you pay for parking and it 's
             | fine. it's literally just fine. I went to virginia one
             | time, I saw literal acres and acres and acres of empty
             | parking space, oceans of asphalt; nobody seemed to think
             | anything of it but I thought it was mad, like some kind of
             | braindead economic allocation fuckup from a communist
             | country that we'd all laugh about. I wanted to shout: you
             | are being terraformed by asphalt-based lifeforms! why do I
             | have to explain to americans how a free market price
             | mechanism works? on a forum for people to shill their
             | california startups? I shouldn't need to tell you this!
        
               | close04 wrote:
               | Raising the price would just extract more value for the
               | owners from a very limited resource. But the resource
               | stays just as limited.
               | 
               | If you have 200 cars and 50 parking spaces there's no
               | price point at which the 200 cars can park
               | simultaneously. The overflow ends up clogging the
               | surrounding neighborhoods, on top of the outcome
               | described by OP.
               | 
               | Edit. @pc86, both points you make are valid but neither
               | addresses or fixes the problem being discussed. They are
               | an interesting, albeit completely parallel discussion.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | > _Raising the price would just extract more value for
               | the owners from a very limited resource._
               | 
               | Yes. If you own a limited resource it's your right to
               | make money from that. I know we like to pretend people
               | making money from things they own is somehow evil but
               | it's how all of civilization has been built and is an
               | objectively good thing.
               | 
               | > _If you have 200 cars and 50 parking spaces there 's no
               | price point at which the 200 cars can park
               | simultaneously._
               | 
               | No, but is a point where 50 can park simultaneously and
               | nobody who wants to park there and can afford to is
               | denied that ability.
        
               | close04 wrote:
               | Both points you made are valid but neither fixes or even
               | touches on the problem being discussed: there are more
               | cars than parking spots and this causes problems. The
               | economic theory is an interesting, albeit completely
               | parallel discussion. Price is just about _who_ gets to
               | have one.
               | 
               | Effectively you'll still have 150 cars that cannot be
               | parked next to the owners' residence, that get dumped on
               | the street elsewhere probably in the next lower cost
               | neighborhood, and with the additional issues OP
               | mentioned.
               | 
               | Put it another way, if you want to solve the housing
               | crisis and I tell you "owners can set whatever price they
               | want for the house to extract maximum value and nobody
               | who can afford that will be denied the house" am I wrong?
               | But did I solve the problem?
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > No, but is a point where 50 can park simultaneously and
               | nobody who wants to park there and can afford to is
               | denied that ability.
               | 
               | That sucks for the people who are denied the ability to
               | park there because they can't afford it though. Telling
               | people that they need to walk miles to get to a doctor or
               | a grocery store and that only the wealthy deserve to have
               | access to 90% of the city doesn't seem like a good idea
               | to me.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _only the wealthy deserve to have access to 90% of the
               | city_
               | 
               | There parking minimums drive up housing costs. They're
               | why that person has to drive longer to get to that place.
               | Perhaps why they need to make a car payment at all.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | Not true, at least not for most people anyway. People
               | need cars to get to where they need to go. When the
               | developer of an apartment complex has to provide parking
               | for its residents everyone has a place to put the cars
               | they need. When those developers don't have to provide
               | parking space anymore, people will still need cars, but
               | will now have no place to put them at night. This will
               | drive up the price of apartment complexes that provide
               | parking, pricing many people out, while doing nothing to
               | eliminate the need for their cars.
               | 
               | You can't solve the problem of "I need a car" just by
               | taking away the places people put them at night.
               | 
               | The problem we have is built into the design of our
               | cities from the ground up and it impacts every aspect of
               | how they are structured and used. Eliminating parking
               | spaces while the absolute need for cars continues to
               | exist doesn't solve the problem at all.
               | 
               | This is the kind of move that should be done selectively,
               | and only after alternative options are created, if it's
               | done at all.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _This will drive up the price of apartment complexes
               | that provide parking, pricing many people out, while
               | doing nothing to eliminate the need for their cars_
               | 
               | There is zero evidence for this. There is evidence for
               | parking minimums raising housing prices.
               | 
               | I'm curious about the overlap between off-street parking
               | minimum requirement advocates and anti-development NIMBYs
               | who don't believe in supply and demand.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > There is zero evidence for this.
               | 
               | When most people need something, and there is suddenly a
               | much smaller supply of that thing, prices for the now
               | scarce but still needed thing tend to increase. That's
               | basically self-evident.
               | 
               | If you have evidence that shows otherwise please feel
               | free to provide it. I suspect that if examples showing
               | otherwise exist at all they won't be remotely
               | representative of the situation these cities will face.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _When most people need something, and there is suddenly
               | a much smaller supply of that thing_
               | 
               | Yes. We have rising, elastic house and stable, inelastic
               | paid parking prices [1[2]]. Due to these regulations, we
               | cannot substitute limited space away from off-street
               | parking towards _e.g._ housing.
               | 
               | [1] http://shoup.bol.ucla.edu/PricingParkingByDemand.pdf
               | 
               | [2] https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Funnel-plot-for-
               | the-pric...
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | The research you link to discusses pricing for parking
               | spaces, but nowhere does it state that eliminating
               | parking spaces doesn't increase the price of what little
               | parking is left.
               | 
               | The idea that developers being responsible for providing
               | adequate parking would mean that we can't have adequate
               | space housing is a new argument, but not a compelling
               | one. Clearly jacking up the prices for on-street parking
               | means we'd have more money and more space for other
               | things, but that doesn't solve the problem of there being
               | too many cars on the road or eliminate the need for
               | people to keep and drive cars.
               | 
               | While the one paper you linked to suggests that higher
               | prices could help reduce the demand for cars and driving,
               | it also explicitly states that price of vehicle ownership
               | is only one of _many_ variables that has an affect those
               | demands. The availability of viable alternatives to car
               | ownership /use is the one being ignored here.
               | 
               | If I will die unless I go to the hospital every week for
               | 6 months for chemo treatment and the only way to get
               | there is by driving, the amount they'll charge me for
               | parking isn't really a factor until it becomes so high
               | that I can't afford to get the treatment I need. The fact
               | that I also can't get to work, the grocery store, the
               | doctor's office, the pharmacy, my kid's school, or the
               | homes of my friends family without a car means that I'm
               | still going to need to own (and still need a place to
               | park) my car even if I could afford to uber my cancer-
               | ridden body to and from the hospital every single week.
               | (this is purely an example, I'm not, to my knowledge,
               | cancer-ridden)
               | 
               | You simply can't solve the problem of people needing to
               | own and park cars by only reducing the number of
               | available parking spaces. Reducing the number of parking
               | spaces is something that should be done only once viable
               | alternatives are established.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > When most people need something, and there is suddenly
               | a much smaller supply of that thing, prices for the now
               | scarce but still needed thing tend to increase.
               | 
               | No one is arguing against the idea that eliminating
               | parking requirements increases (in short-run, first-order
               | analysis) the market clearing price of parking spaces.
               | 
               | The contentious part is that the presence of the freedom
               | to build housing without parking requirements (enabling,
               | e.g., housing plus commercial spaces to be built in a
               | space that would otherwise have the same housing plus
               | parking) does nothing to reduce the demand for autos.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > The contentious part is that the presence of the
               | freedom to build housing without parking requirements
               | does nothing to reduce the demand for autos.
               | 
               | Why would it? Without alternatives to cars as a means to
               | get people to where they need to go, people will still
               | require cars. As long as people are required to own and
               | drive cars not having enough available parking does
               | nothing to help reduce the amount of cars being
               | owned/driven. In fact, we know that it increase the
               | number of cars on the road. That's how we end up with
               | statistics like "30% of all traffic in urban areas come
               | from people circling around looking for places to park".
               | 
               | You can't solve the problem of people needing cars by not
               | addressing the reasons people need cars, and only
               | reducing the number of parking spots for the cars people
               | already need.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Why would it?
               | 
               | Because it would both enable and incentivize development
               | patterns where people need cars less.
               | 
               | > Without alternatives to cars as a means to get people
               | to where they need to go, people will still require cars.
               | 
               | Dense mixed-use development puts more of the places
               | people need to go in places that don't require cars to
               | get to them. (It also mass transit to other places more
               | viable.)
               | 
               | Your focussed on alternatives ti cars to get to a fixed
               | set of locations, but a big point of dense mixed-use
               | development is to provide alternative _locations_.
               | 
               | > You can't solve the problem of people needing cars by
               | not addressing the reasons people need cars
               | 
               | The reason people need cars is that the places they need
               | to be a far away because of development patterns; one of
               | the key features of development patterns that causes this
               | is...the space use created by parking requirements.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > Because it would both enable and incentivize
               | development patterns where people need cars less.
               | 
               | As for enabling, nothing stops developers from doing that
               | now. As for incentivizing them, if they can make more
               | money not meeting most people's needs then that's what
               | they'll do. This is also why so many cities have a huge
               | amount of luxury housing available, but a massive lack of
               | affordable housing. What makes developers the most money
               | isn't always what's best for a city.
               | 
               | > Dense mixed-use development puts more of the places
               | people need to go in places that don't require cars to
               | get to them. (It also mass transit to other places more
               | viable.) Your focused on alternatives ti cars to get to a
               | fixed set of locations, but a big point of dense mixed-
               | use development is to provide alternative locations.
               | 
               | I agree with this, but none of these cities are creating
               | mixed-use development or building out their mass transit
               | systems to link them. They're getting rid of parking
               | spaces without _any_ of those things in place.
               | 
               | > The reason people need cars is that the places they
               | need to be a far away because of development patterns;
               | one of the key features of development patterns that
               | causes this is...the space use created by parking
               | requirements.
               | 
               |  _A_ reason people need cars is because things are far
               | away. Another reason is that there are no other means to
               | get anywhere else. As long as those things are true,
               | people still need cars. As long as people still need
               | cars, they need places to put them.
               | 
               | The space use created by parking requirements would be a
               | nice problem to solve, but it can't (and shouldn't) be
               | addressed until the requirement of owning cars has been
               | dealt with. When people no longer require cars, we can
               | reduce the amount of space we've set aside for housing
               | them.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > As for enabling, nothing stops developers from doing
               | that now
               | 
               | Zoning regulations and parking requirements, which in
               | many places exist for for both housing and commercial
               | development, and vastly expabd the footprint of both,
               | often do.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > When those developers don't have to providing parking
               | space anymore, people will still need cars but now have
               | no place to put them at night.
               | 
               | If they have no place to put them, they won't have them,
               | and if they don't have them, then either (1) they won't
               | live there at all, or (2) they don't actually need them.
               | 
               | > This is the kind of move that should be done
               | selectively
               | 
               | No, having parking requirements should be done
               | selectively, if at all. If there is sufficient market
               | demand, the requirements will be unnecessary to get
               | developers to include them, if not, then the requirements
               | are most often a harmful constraint that limits housing
               | supply.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > If they have no place to put them, they won't have them
               | 
               | This is demonstrably false. People still need cars to get
               | to where they need to go, like work, or their doctor's
               | office, or the grocery store. There are no alternatives.
               | Public transportation doesn't get them there. Ubering
               | everywhere is more expensive than owning a car. Until
               | alternatives exist, not having a car isn't an option.
               | 
               | If you've been to cities where there isn't enough street
               | parking to meet demand you'd know that even when people
               | have no place to park their cars they still keep cars.
               | They just go to extremes to find/keep/make parking
               | wherever and whenever they can and often have to spend
               | long periods of time driving on streets/circling blocks
               | to find a spot. They block traffic to wait for someone
               | they think _might_ be leaving soon, they walk great
               | distances to get from where to park to where they need to
               | be, they park in illegal or dangerous places.
               | 
               | There are many negative consequences to this behavior
               | which impact everyone around them, but people can't help
               | but do it because they're left with no alternatives.
               | Examples of this abound. I've seen statistics like 30% of
               | all traffic in urban areas are just people looking for
               | places to park. (some studies have found that number to
               | be as high as 75%!) or that the average amount of time
               | drivers spend per year looking for place to park is 17
               | hours!
               | 
               | > No, having parking requirements should be done
               | selectively, if at all.
               | 
               | That means the same thing.
               | 
               | > If there is sufficient market demand, the requirements
               | will be unnecessary to get developers to include them
               | 
               | That's not how markets work. If it will make developers
               | more money to not give people the amount of parking they
               | _need_ , then developers will not give people enough
               | parking. All other negative externalities be damned. None
               | of it means there will be fewer cars on the road.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _If you 've been to cities where there isn't enough
               | street parking to meet demand you'd know that even when
               | people have no place to park their cars they still keep
               | cars_
               | 
               | No? They park them outside the city centre. Or they rent
               | them. You're speaking as if Austin is the first city in
               | the world--or even America--to do this.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | > No? They park them outside the city centre.
               | 
               | If you live in an apartment complex inside the city
               | centre, parking outside of it won't help you. If you live
               | in an apartment complex outside of it and there's not
               | enough parking spots to leave your car while you sleep
               | you still have the same problem.
               | 
               | > Or they rent them.
               | 
               | Most people can't afford to uber everywhere. Should the
               | poors not be allowed to go to work or the doctors office?
               | 
               | Austin is only one example, but _any_ city without enough
               | parking to meet demand has these same well-documented
               | problems. Please tell me which cities in America have
               | ditched off-street parking while doing nothing else to
               | reduce people 's dependence on cars and had no problems
               | as a result.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _live in an apartment complex inside the city centre,
               | parking outside of it won 't help you_
               | 
               | Of course it does. You use city transportation systems
               | when in the centre. And you take an Uber or train to your
               | parking lot when you need to drive a bunch.
               | 
               | > _Should the poors not be allowed to go to work or the
               | doctors office?_
               | 
               | Versus not being able to afford housing?
               | 
               | That's the tradeoff. There is no free lunch. Increasing
               | space dedicated to parking raises the cost of housing. It
               | also reduces density, thereby reducing wealth and
               | increasing transit times.
        
               | tuna74 wrote:
               | Yeah it sucks that you might have to pay for parking to
               | do free activities like shopping or visiting medical
               | services.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | Leaving aside that neither groceries or medical services
               | are free, the problem isn't that parking will now cost
               | something. There won't be enough parking to go around and
               | many people will be entirely priced out. People will be
               | unable to park near the services they need and many will
               | have no place to park/charge the cars they still require
               | at the end of the day when they're at home.
               | 
               | That's not a good situation for anyone except for a very
               | small number of people who will make more money than they
               | have been, and small number of already wealthy people who
               | will find lots of available parking they can easily
               | afford now that they don't have to compete with the
               | poors. Everyone else gets screwed and the problem of
               | people needing cars doesn't change at all.
        
               | medvezhenok wrote:
               | This is the approach Singapore (and in some ways, Hong
               | Kong) takes; you can own a car, but you must purchase a
               | 10-year use permit, which costs in some cases much more
               | than a car itself (something like $80,000 over 10 years).
               | So if you're buying a Toyota Corolla ($20K car), you'd
               | still need a $80K operating permit to use it.
               | 
               | That's why 90%+ of the people in Singapore use public
               | transportation or carpool. Granted, you would need the
               | public infrastructure for that to be possible. But if you
               | make cars unaffordable for the average person, suddenly
               | there would be A LOT more pressure on local government to
               | get public infrastructure done.
        
               | breezeTrowel wrote:
               | Sure but public infrastructure doesn't magically appear
               | overnight. It takes years, decades even, and costs a ton
               | of money. I think the solutions may come laterally from
               | developments in autonomous construction robots. They're
               | being developed in Japan due to negative population
               | growth reducing the available construction workforce.
        
               | foxyv wrote:
               | Parking, Roads, Gasoline, Pollution, etc... We so heavily
               | subsidize people's cars for no reason. For the cost of
               | all of it we could have free healthcare and amazing
               | public transportation then lower taxes with the left over
               | money.
        
               | njarboe wrote:
               | Um... Just US healthcare spending is 17.3% of GDP. $4.5
               | Trillion per year. No way this works.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Cut out the middle man (insurance companies and their
               | profits) and you can get this number dramatically lower.
        
               | BillTheDuck wrote:
               | Simple solutions do NOT exist.
               | 
               | There is a litany of "middlemen"; Drs, Corporations,
               | Hospitals, Insurance, Pharmacies, Drug Companies,
               | marketing, Lawyers ... ALL have a stake in something.
        
               | foxyv wrote:
               | A large part of that is inflated health care costs. US
               | citizens have to pay more than twice as much on average.
               | Some services such as ER visits can cost 10x as much. US
               | spends twice as much per capita than UK but get much less
               | from it. Also keep in mind that the amount spent on roads
               | is only a fraction of the total cost of cars in the USA.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | jacking up the prices for parking spaces due to
               | artificially induced scarcity will mean that cars are
               | still every bit as essential to get around, but now only
               | the wealthy will be able to afford to park them, screwing
               | over the population least able to arrange/afford
               | alternatives. I guess it's somehow better if the
               | increasing number of poors in the US have to park miles
               | away from their jobs (if they're lucky enough) and have
               | to walk/run the rest of the way.
               | 
               | Like it or not, our cities are already built to make cars
               | a necessity and pricing people out of access to the
               | majority of places within a city isn't a solution to the
               | design of public transportation or roads.
        
               | kilotaras wrote:
               | > artificially induced scarcity
               | 
               | How is *not requiring* parking to be provided inducing
               | scarcity artificially?
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | Because before developers _were_ required to ensure that
               | when they built something adding parking spaces to handle
               | the demand they were introducing to an area was their
               | responsibility. Now developers can (and will) push that
               | externality onto the public at zero cost to them. The
               | city has a very limited amount of parking spaces it can
               | provide at any cost which means that removing that
               | requirement will suddenly make parking much more
               | expensive and harder to obtain.
        
               | kilotaras wrote:
               | But that's not what artificially inducing means.
               | 
               | London for example have buildings which are prohibited of
               | having parking (or getting street permit). Providing an
               | option not pay for parking space when buying an apartment
               | is not that.
        
               | zdragnar wrote:
               | The externality is already accounted for there.
        
               | hughesjj wrote:
               | IDK, pure speculation, but maybe 'autoexec' isn't arguing
               | in good faith here and may have a conflict of interest
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | I really don't. I'm not even sure what kind of person
               | _would_ have a conflict of interest while supporting that
               | we keep the requirement until actual alternatives are
               | available to everyone.
               | 
               | While I have a car, and enjoy having one, and have a nice
               | parking space in a heated underground garage, I also work
               | remotely and don't drive all that much. I'm in a
               | privileged position and could afford to uber (within the
               | city anyway).
               | 
               | This is just a bad/non-solution to a very real problem
               | that will do more harm than good.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Do you pay for that spot? Would you keep the car if it
               | was costing you $150/mo to park it there? If not, then
               | removing parking minimums accomplishes exactly what it is
               | intended to do.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | The cost of the spot is factored into the cost of the
               | building so it still costs something, but even if it were
               | a separate bill I'd still be stuck paying for it because
               | I need a car and it has to go _somewhere_ (plus I live in
               | an area where it snows and don 't want to get up at 5AM
               | to move it every time that happens or scrape the ice off
               | my windows/mirrors before I can leave).
        
               | jmye wrote:
               | Assuming bad faith is somewhat ironic and kind of a
               | crummy way to interact online. Do you not think it's
               | conceivable that someone could possibly think this is a
               | bad idea honestly?
        
               | ripply wrote:
               | This is step 1 of reversing car centricity in these
               | areas. Believe it or not some people in Europe in their
               | 30s don't even know how to drive because it's just not
               | needed. When you require parking spots for housing you
               | increase the distance between everything. Going places
               | requires transport because you have all these god
               | forsaken parking lots you have to traverse to get to your
               | destination.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | Step one should be creating adequate public
               | transportation so that the people with the fewest options
               | are still able to get to work, doctors, and grocery
               | stores even after existing parking spaces go away and no
               | new ones are built.
               | 
               | Parking lots aren't what's keeping people in subdivisions
               | from being miles away from those places. Parking spots
               | aren't what's keeping people in cities from being able to
               | walk to where they're going either. Parking lots are
               | extremely walkable spaces even while being hot and
               | unattractive.
               | 
               | You could get rid of every parking lot in your city and
               | you'd still have highways you can't cross or safely
               | walk/bike along side of, you'd still have housing set
               | miles away from city centers, and you'd still have no
               | access to most places by public transportation. Our
               | cities are built from the ground up with the expectation
               | that people will use cars to get around. That was a
               | mistake, but getting rid of parking spots isn't the cure.
               | 
               | I've been in places like Tokyo where public
               | transportation met all of my needs. We can do it, but you
               | need the infrastructure in place first or you're just
               | hurting people by leaving them with zero alternatives to
               | what you're taking from them.
        
               | hughesjj wrote:
               | Why not replace some on street parking with a dedicated
               | bus lane and stops for such?
               | 
               | Two birds, one stone
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | It'd be a good start!
               | 
               | It'll take a massive increase in public transportation
               | infrastructure, and a long and slow redesign of our
               | cities and how we live to fix the mess the auto-industry
               | has put us in. It's a transition that's long overdue, but
               | the reality of the situation now is that people still
               | need their cars.
               | 
               | Making sure that people have something to fall back on
               | before we take their cars away from them or remove the
               | places they put them at night/charge them should be a
               | priority. What these cities are doing is the opposite of
               | that.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Many households have more than one car per driver. With
               | WFH many of these cars sit largely unused. We went down
               | to being a one car family over a year ago and it has
               | rarely been an issue. It requires a little bit of
               | planning. "Hey I need the car on Thursday. Does that work
               | for you?" Otherwise, a second car would mostly only get
               | used because "Well, it hasn't been driven in a while".
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | I agree that WFH is a game changer here. Households in
               | that situation are incentivized to get rid of excess
               | vehicles since they cost money to maintain, license, and
               | insure. With downtown office spaces and the nearby
               | businesses that depend on them being abandoned, a lot of
               | parking space can be reclaimed there too.
        
               | doctorpangloss wrote:
               | I'm not sure why you are being downvoted.
               | 
               | The reason people keep buying cars after prices rise 57%
               | in a decade: the extra $10,000 amortized over 10 years is
               | less than living even 1 year near the things you drive
               | to. Things you drive to includes your parking space!
               | 
               | It doesn't make any sense to own a car and live in a
               | dense urban development. What more needs to be said? Live
               | in the suburbs if you have a car.
               | 
               | Fortunately bridge and toll community members are
               | insensitive to these changes. They see no problems with 2
               | hours of schlepping, $16 of tolls and $25 parking to
               | drink $0.50 of vodka priced at $17 at a downtown bar. If
               | they were sensitive to these issues, that behavior would
               | have ceased much sooner than a pandemic-induced shock to
               | their routines.
               | 
               | That said, I don't see anything wrong with the suburban
               | lifestyle, I am a product of it. Instead of focusing on
               | issues like parking costs, which cities can never beat
               | suburbs at because suburbs have essentially infinite
               | land, cities should fix their education systems, because
               | they can realistically beat suburbs on the concentration
               | of human capital. My community would be far more
               | appreciative of that than bullshit about parking spots.
        
               | tomatocracy wrote:
               | > It doesn't make any sense to own a car and live in a
               | dense urban development.
               | 
               | Public transport can be good but it's never _that_ good.
               | I live in zone 1 (ie very centrally) in London and there
               | are still many journeys where it is quicker and cheaper
               | for me to drive than to take any kind of public
               | transport. This is true for longer journeys (going
               | outside London) especially but surprisingly it 's also
               | true for quite a few short journeys (even going a couple
               | of miles) - it depends a lot on the layout of the public
               | transport network and the roads, and this is before
               | considering journeys where I might want to bring bulky or
               | heavy things with me which are basically impossible to do
               | by public transport. I end up driving enough that the
               | cost of car ownership vs short term rentals makes sense
               | in pure economic terms but the convenience difference of
               | ownership vs short-term rental is also pretty big.
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | > Without readily available and reliable public
             | transportation
             | 
             | Cool. Let's do that, too!
        
             | ericmay wrote:
             | > Neighbors keying each others cars for taking up a space
             | for too long.
             | 
             | People need to stop being shitty to each other.
             | 
             | > Without readily available and reliable public
             | transportation this is just lining developers pockets
             | (because fewer parking spaces needed means more units they
             | can build).
             | 
             | I don't think this is fair. Fewer parking spaces might mean
             | higher profits for developers on a per-unit basis, but I'd
             | rather them make money and provide more additional housing
             | units that are sorely needed, especially in cities, than
             | build apartment complexes with garages or parking which
             | then necessitate higher taxes and more _public_ spending to
             | support roads, car crashes, and other related
             | externalities.
             | 
             | "But public transit costs money too" yes, just redirect
             | state highway department budgets to transit 1-1 and then
             | you're not spending any more and getting higher ROI.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Further, we should move to a model where the highways are
               | paid entirely by usage fees (gas tax, tolls, etc) instead
               | of subsidized. They're for the benefit of private
               | operators, so the private operators should pay for them.
               | The investments should be in public transit instead.
        
               | wharvle wrote:
               | A great deal of highway spending is subsidizing truck
               | shipping. Most of the damage done to highways comes from
               | big trucks, and taxes on them don't come anywhere near
               | paying for it.
               | 
               | [EDIT] Incidentally, maybe we shouldn't subsidize truck
               | shipping! But using usage taxes to pay for highways while
               | _not_ shifting the burden such that truck shipping is
               | paying the lion 's share of the cost and is no longer (so
               | very much, at least) subsidized, would be making non-
               | commercial drivers subsidize truck shipping (even more
               | than they already are) which subsidy (to some degree)
               | benefits _everyone_ , including non-drivers, which seems
               | like a weird and/or bad move to me.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Truck shipping has never made sense to me. It's
               | significantly less fuel efficient than rail shipping, and
               | paying people to just sit there and drive for their
               | entire lives feels kinda torturous to me...
        
               | wharvle wrote:
               | Lots of communities aren't served by rail, ship, or barge
               | (or nowhere near enough capacity of those, or efficiently
               | connected to the wrong places--how much raw iron ore or
               | coal does a small town need?) so truck shipping's all
               | they've got. Rail may _pass through_ nearby, but without
               | unloading capability or sufficient capacity at a proper
               | train yard. Trucks drive to them from the nearest hub or
               | notable train yard, which may be way more than your usual
               | "last mile" concern that a city or whatever has. Tens of
               | miles, to the warehouses that serve them, then tens of
               | miles more to the nearest major store, that kind of
               | thing.
               | 
               | Rural living would be _way_ more expensive and
               | inconvenient without truck shipping subsidies. Which,
               | maybe making rural living artificially cheap is a good
               | idea and maybe it 's not, but that's one big shift that
               | would happen if we made truck shipping pay its way
               | entirely.
               | 
               | [EDIT] For true long-haul, I'm with you, the majority of
               | that's surely only viable because of those subsidies, and
               | we'd be better off pushing that to rail, ship, and barge.
        
             | comte7092 wrote:
             | > Neighbors keying each others cars for taking up a space
             | for too long.
             | 
             | I don't know how this is the fault of too little parking.
             | Nothing excuses this type of behavior.
        
             | fzeroracer wrote:
             | What neighborhoods, exactly? Parking minimums have been the
             | de facto law for cities, it's only in the past decade that
             | trend has been starting to be reversed in the US.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _if they drove themselves they'd never find a spot_
             | 
             | Rideshare. Also, this screams market opportunity for paid
             | parking. (Unless, of course, the problem isn't as
             | consistently dramatic.)
        
             | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
             | My parents live in a residential, SFH neighborhood that's
             | basically designated overflow parking for revelers.
             | Especially during Pride Week, motorists will fill every
             | street parking spot, only to stroll into the drunken
             | debauchery, and then stagger back and attempt to locate
             | their vehicles.
             | 
             | They've also seen ZipCar type services where short-term
             | rental vehicles are just abandoned. Once, I woke up to find
             | a luxury Alfa Romeo sedan that had taken a joy-ride across
             | the border and was abandoned in front of our place.
             | 
             | The main street there dead-ends, and so the highest traffic
             | is from lost motorists vainly attempting to hook up to the
             | freeway.
             | 
             | My parents jealously guard their prime parking spots, I
             | mean insanely: they love to walk but if they need to tote
             | cargo more than 1 yard out of the way, we never hear the
             | end of their moaning, and I live hundreds of miles away.
             | They participate in Neighborhood Watch and won't hesitate
             | to get cars tagged, inspected and towed if someone tries to
             | mess with their "public street parking" spots. (Recently
             | renovated "garage" is full of junk.)
             | 
             | As a holder of a driver's license who hasn't owned a car
             | since 1997, I also never hear the end of their moaning
             | about rude cyclists, oblivious pedestrians, City-sponsored
             | transit lanes, or repainted roads to encourage sharing with
             | pedestrians and multi-modal transport.
             | 
             | Around here, most of the moaning and screaming is directed
             | at light rail, without considering for a moment how it
             | takes drunks and inept drivers off the road and completely
             | out of their way.
        
             | 0xfaded wrote:
             | Unfortunately people will fight tooth and nail to maintain
             | their existing expectations and will see public transit as
             | a threat to their cars.
             | 
             | You have to take away cars (parking) first so that they
             | start demanding public transportation.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | So you want to arm twist people to suit your agenda? It
               | does not work this way. Personally I aways support and
               | would vote for more public transport but not by forcing
               | me to abandon my car. If that is the approach the only
               | vote you'll get from me is fuck you. And I am a nicer guy
               | who mostly uses EUC, bike and feet.
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | Carrot vs stick is one of the most basis forms of
               | influence. When the carrot doesn't work...
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | It works both ways
        
               | LargeWu wrote:
               | Nobody is forcing you to abandon your car, you are just
               | going start absorbing the true cost of the externalities
               | (whether in tolls, taxes, inconvenience, etc). You can
               | decide for yourself then whether using or owning a car is
               | worth that.
        
               | FpUser wrote:
               | Sure. Foot me a bill since I am affecting other person's
               | lives. Just make sure it is correct. Also do not forget
               | to compensate me as I am affected by other people.
        
               | chung8123 wrote:
               | The problem with public transport is it serves too many
               | masters. Is it a system to allow the disabled to get
               | around? Is it a system to enable everyone in town to get
               | around? Is it a commuting system? Should it be subsidized
               | or revenue neutral? Trying to solve all these problems
               | makes the public transport systems not work for any of
               | them well.
        
             | tuna74 wrote:
             | The easy solution to this is to make (street) parking more
             | expensive.
        
               | chung8123 wrote:
               | Street parking should have a price attached to it in my
               | opinion. It is a public resource that should be charged
               | for use everywhere, including out in front of your
               | suburban home. We push these prices on everyone when it
               | should be the people using them that pay.
        
           | busterarm wrote:
           | When it comes to property development, anything that you
           | leave to optionality in code enforcement ends up being a
           | thing that never happens ever.
           | 
           | For something to be available it has to be required by
           | building codes.
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | That's great. Should increase demand for transit.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Effective public transit isn't something you can bolt
               | onto a city after the roads are all built. Cities like
               | Austin that were designed for cars from the outset are
               | hopeless lost causes.
               | 
               | Old world cities can have great public transit because
               | they were dense long before cars existed and have
               | hundreds of years worth of civil projects designed to get
               | people from A to B.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > ... have hundreds of years worth of civil projects
               | designed to get people from A to B.
               | 
               | We better get started right away then, huh.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | You don't start by building public transit. You start by
               | bulldozing roads and housing and moving/rebuilding
               | communities.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | Do you have a citation for that? Large portions of Paris
               | for instance aren't exactly old-world high density
               | development. Luckily they're putting in the GPE, which is
               | 120 miles of metro service. [1] Once you have the metro,
               | you can put in higher-density development around the
               | stations, and over time, the neighborhood changes. That's
               | just fine.
               | 
               | [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Paris_Express
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Most of Paris as we know it was built in the 1950s and
               | 1960s. Especially in the 1970s French politicians took on
               | ambitious public works projects in Paris.
               | 
               | Most of the housing and most of the population was
               | obliterated in the late-1930s through the mid-1940s, as
               | you might recall. Two-thirds of the city's population had
               | fled before the German invasion started even.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _anything that you leave to optionality in code
             | enforcement ends up being a thing that never happens ever_
             | 
             | No code requires marble countertops. Yet they get installed
             | because buyers want them.
             | 
             | Cities like Austin have regulated themselves into a
             | housing-cost crisis. It's almost a miracle that rational
             | economic policy is being given space by voters.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Marble countertops aren't competing for space that you
               | could otherwise use to build more apartments to
               | sell/rent.
               | 
               | Parking is.
               | 
               | Until parking spaces cost more than apartments do,
               | developers are going to favor building apartments over
               | parking one hundreds times out of one hundred.
        
               | kgermino wrote:
               | Eh, Milwaukee has fairly lax parking requirements
               | (including no minimums for most downtown developments)
               | but most developments have more than legal required.
               | Developers are pretty open about the reason (it's not
               | uncommon for neighbors to push back on parking due to
               | traffic concerns): they lost money on the parking, but
               | without the spots they can't rent the apartments at all.
               | Walmart doesn't build parking because the city makes
               | them, they do it because their target market has cars and
               | won't visit without a parking lot.
               | 
               | And even if this does drive up parking costs to match
               | rents, is that such a bad thing? Why should we legally
               | mandate that developers subsidize parking?
        
               | ryanmcgarvey wrote:
               | Isn't this (part of) the point?
               | 
               | We have an abundance of parking required by law and not
               | enough housing units - removing the requirement should
               | encourage more money to be invested into _anything but
               | parking_ no?
               | 
               | Seems like letting businesses decide whether or not it's
               | worth opening a business with the available parking would
               | cause one of two things to happen:
               | 
               | 1. We wind up with the actual correct amount of parking
               | required for a given set of businesses - instead of some
               | arbitrary amount dictated by legislatures decades ago. 2.
               | Everyone is tired of the lack of parking and votes to
               | increase public transit funding.
        
               | dkarl wrote:
               | > developers are going to favor building apartments over
               | parking one hundreds times out of one hundred
               | 
               | Once we have apartments with and without parking on the
               | market, we'll see how much more people are willing to pay
               | to get parking, and future developers can build
               | accordingly.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | What part of "one hundred times out of a hundred" did you
               | miss? You don't end up with the choice because nobody
               | builds parking.
               | 
               | Queens NY has this problem pretty severely. Zoning
               | requires parking past 7 stories in building height, so
               | every building is 7 floors at maximum density with no
               | parking. Residents often find themselves circling their
               | neighborhoods for hours looking for parking. Living
               | without a car and being fully-dependent on public transit
               | absolutely sucks in most of the borough.
        
               | detourdog wrote:
               | I understand both sides of the issue. My problem is the
               | lack of context given to this solution for housing.
               | 
               | I live in small (2,000ish households) New England town
               | with some streets that predate automobiles. Nobody is
               | really space constrained. The housing 3 miles a way is at
               | least half the cost of my town.
               | 
               | The public transportation is poor and it took about 25
               | years to build less than 3 miles of bike path.
               | 
               | Should my town ditch off-street parking minimums in an
               | attempt to increase housing supplies?
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | > Nobody is really space constrained.
               | 
               | Clearly the answer is no then.
               | 
               | That doesn't make space-constrained Austin's answer an
               | automatic yes either though. The city is very car-
               | dependent. The starting point isn't "take away peoples'
               | ability to have a car". It should be "make it more
               | attractive not to have a car".
               | 
               | Changing parking minimums comes far down that road.
        
               | detourdog wrote:
               | It's not clear to me. I really wish you could take the
               | effort to explain your thinking. If there is no place to
               | park but your neighbor's yard how it would work in a
               | civilized society and help housing costs.
        
               | tuna74 wrote:
               | Then parking spaces will be priced according to what the
               | market wants to pay.
        
               | boring-alterego wrote:
               | A better example would be where a "development"
               | community's rain water goes. The areas booming right now
               | in the south east usa will build the next development up
               | 4 feet above the previous community and get approved
               | through the county council permit process. Then the first
               | big rain storm or hurricane comes by and the formerly dry
               | community is now flooded out for the new community that
               | got built, which also floods because drainage wasn't
               | factored in.
        
               | chaostheory wrote:
               | Then you'll end up with the building equivalent of the
               | titanic which had a lot of luxurious amenities and decor,
               | but skimped on the more boring stuff like structural
               | integrity. You can see this in effect in parts of Asia.
               | The closest example we have in the US is the Millennium
               | Tower. There were regulations, (someone could correct me)
               | but they decided to "bribe" their way out of it.
               | 
               | Ironically, I still share your opinion about over
               | regulation, but we can't ignore the other argument.
        
             | vel0city wrote:
             | Its expensive to build parking. Loads of shopping centers
             | end up having to build seas of parking spaces due to these
             | parking minimums given their square footage even though the
             | actual car traffic wouldn't come close. I imagine a lot of
             | those stores would have preferred paying for far less real
             | estate and paving.
        
               | busterarm wrote:
               | Shopping Centers are an entire different zone than
               | housing. You typically do not build them in the same
               | places. They're built in less desirable places than
               | housing which makes the parking spaces cheaper and an
               | efficient use of the space.
               | 
               | Not all square footage is created equal!
        
               | dave78 wrote:
               | Perhaps the problem isn't the fact that parking
               | requirements exist but rather that they require way too
               | many parking spots. Most shopping center lots in my area
               | are never close to full, even on the busiest Christmas
               | shopping days.
        
               | detourdog wrote:
               | I here this a lot but in the North East at least those
               | extra spots can be used during the winter for snow
               | management.
               | 
               | Snow management can be done in other ways but that is a
               | cost analysis exercise.
        
               | vel0city wrote:
               | Can you elaborate on the snow management aspects?
        
               | dave78 wrote:
               | Parking lots are a common place to store excess snow when
               | it is plowed. Obviously from the parking lot itself, but
               | also sometimes snow is hauled in dump trucks from other
               | areas where there is no space to store the snow.
               | 
               | In snowy areas the piles can grow quite large and take up
               | a sizable amount of parking lot space. These large piles
               | then take considerably longer to melt away than snow in
               | surrounding areas, sometimes lasting well into Spring.
        
             | NoZebra120vClip wrote:
             | Except this sort of code has a very real impact on volume
             | of business, in the case of retail outlets, restaurants,
             | venues or anything that's open to the public.
             | 
             | Can you see the design conversations going, "let's provide
             | for practically no parking spots, so we can get less foot
             | traffic and nobody will want to come shop here!"
             | 
             | In areas that support public transit and promote multi-
             | modal, the businesses which thrive there are ones which
             | cater to folks who eschew private vehicles. And that's a
             | distinctly different crowd! So I think it'll work out
             | great.
        
             | BobaFloutist wrote:
             | My apartment charges me to maintain a parking spot in the
             | garage, giving them more money for minimal extra
             | maintenance. This way people that don't have cars don't
             | have to subsidize my parking spot, but it's still super
             | worth it for the landlord.
             | 
             | If the cost to provide (guaranteed, protected) parking
             | spots ends up being higher than people are willing to pay
             | for them, maybe they're not actually worth what we're
             | currently paying for them.
        
           | saiya-jin wrote:
           | Here in Switzerland I've seen the opposite - the amount of
           | parking requested by the developer (true, this was for local
           | bank growth and not condos) was slashed significantly by
           | municipality, as in 'don't bring your cars to your work',
           | effectively removing 1 underground level of parking and some
           | more, right under the bank.
           | 
           | There are very few countries out there that would see such
           | behavior flying, when facing a wealthy developer (it used to
           | be the biggest company in this village/small town) who gives
           | a lot of local work, for just parking spots that are anyway
           | completely hidden under the building.
        
             | Throw839 wrote:
             | Extra parking would bring in "poor" people who live in
             | France, Italy or Germany but commute to work in
             | Switzerland. Just another form of elitism.
        
           | pavon wrote:
           | Without other rules or planning to compensate, it creates a
           | tragedy of the commons where every builder wants to offload
           | their parking needs onto the rest of the neighborhood in
           | order to save money. I lived near a neighborhood that had
           | older denser development, that originally served just that
           | neighborhood, but later became a hip place for people to go,
           | thus exceeding existing parking. It was very frustrating that
           | residents could never find a place to park because all the
           | parking was taken local businesses patrons, and patrons
           | couldn't find parking because that one collage bar was having
           | a busy night and taking all the parking for five blocks
           | around.
           | 
           | It didn't help that the urbanism activists in our area seem
           | to consider parking garages to be a tool of the devil and
           | protested any plans to build one in the area. To me they are
           | an ideal compromise/stop-gap solution. They allow you to
           | build dense walkable neighborhoods today even when most
           | people will be driving. And once public transit has improved
           | to the point where less parking is needed, you just have a
           | few buildings to tear down instead of entire areas to
           | redevelop.
           | 
           | Edit: And to be clear I think the "best practices" that most
           | of the country used for the past 50 years to set parking
           | minimums were massively inflated, and created many problems.
           | I'm absolutely in favor of revising them, but I firmly reject
           | swinging around to the other extreme of "to solve the public
           | transit chicken-egg problem, we must make car use
           | intolerable".
        
             | alumnumn wrote:
             | > It was very frustrating that residents could never find a
             | place to park
             | 
             | This is the original tragedy of the commons though: a bunch
             | of people assuming they can just park on the street. The
             | frustration _is_ the solution. Either build yourself
             | private parking, pay for private parking, or ditch the car.
             | Or enjoy the frustration.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | > It didn't help that the urbanism activists in our area
             | seem to consider parking garages to be a tool of the devil
             | and protested any plans to build one in the area.
             | 
             | So Alice wants to build a high-density housing tower
             | without having to build a ten-story parking structure
             | beneath it, and we prohibit Alice from doing that, even
             | though Bob wants to build a ten-story parking structure
             | right next to it, because we prohibit Bob from doing that.
             | 
             | I feel like these could both be solved in the same way.
        
               | pavon wrote:
               | It is certainly a place to start! Although in this case I
               | never heard of a developer wanting to build a parking
               | structure on their own (and don't know if existing code
               | would have prevented them). It was always the city
               | wanting to build an adjacent parking structure as part of
               | revitalization efforts to extend the success of that
               | neighborhood further down the street.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | So part of this is the cart-horse inversion.
               | 
               | We have minimum parking requirements that produce an
               | oversupply of parking, therefore parking is cheap,
               | therefore building parking garages is unprofitable. If
               | you don't mandate them, the cost of parking will increase
               | until building parking garages is profitable, and then
               | people will build parking garages (or have fewer cars, in
               | places where that's practical).
               | 
               | This doesn't even increase costs. Right now someone is
               | paying $3000/month for a $2500 apartment and a $500
               | parking space. Without the parking requirements you could
               | get a $2500 apartment for $2500 and choose whether you
               | want to pay the extra $500 for the parking space.
               | 
               | Not only that, this would make it cheaper to build more
               | apartments, so then the $2500 apartment drops to $2250
               | from lower scarcity, which reduces the cost of
               | apartment+parking space as well by not force-allocating a
               | parking space to someone who can do without a car and
               | leaving more for the people who can't.
        
               | thex10 wrote:
               | No one is prohibiting Alice from building the 10-story
               | parking structure. The change is she's no longer required
               | to build it.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | Alice doesn't want to build it because if she doesn't she
               | can afford to build twice as many housing units on the
               | same lot, which is worth more money even without parking
               | spaces, and the building doesn't need such an expensive
               | foundation if it doesn't have to support a multi-story
               | parking structure in addition to the housing units.
               | 
               | Bob wants to build it on the next lot over once he sees
               | these new buildings going up and is willing to bet that
               | the new residents will generate demand for parking, and
               | can choose how many stories to make it based on the local
               | demand for parking, which is based on numerous hyper-
               | local conditions that are best evaluated by the owner of
               | that specific lot and not just based on how many housing
               | units are in each building.
        
             | lukas099 wrote:
             | > Without other rules or planning to compensate, it creates
             | a tragedy of the commons where every builder wants to
             | offload their parking needs onto the rest of the
             | neighborhood in order to save money.
             | 
             | Good. Then more people will choose different forms of
             | transportation or internalize their costs. If parking
             | becomes scarce, providing parking will become more
             | profitable and people will pay the actual (enormous) cost
             | of temporary car storage downtown.
        
             | Modified3019 wrote:
             | Yeah, the local college planners in our city wanted to
             | "discourage" vehicle use, and deliberately had only a few
             | parking lots put in, mostly reserved for faculty of course.
             | What has actually happened is every residential street
             | within 4-5 blocks absolutely choked with vehicles parking
             | on the curbside during the semesters. It's a shitshow.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | How about: If you build a building of this size you must
           | contribute $X to the public transit system to expand service
           | to your building, adding drivers and routes if necessary.
           | 
           | We have so many subsidies for cars baked into the system, but
           | hardly anything for other forms of transit, and then we
           | complain endlessly about how expensive transit is to run and
           | have to cut service to make ends meet, which of course
           | discourages people from taking transit.
        
             | brewdad wrote:
             | Impact fees on new developments are already a thing to pay
             | for other infrastructure improvements like sewer,
             | utilities, roads, and parks. No reason it couldn't be
             | extended to transit as well.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | Property owners already pay property taxes to fund
               | infrastructure. Larger developments pay more in taxes
               | (and the residents who live there pay income taxes etc.)
               | 
               | "Impact fees" are just a way to discourage new
               | development.
        
             | BobaFloutist wrote:
             | What if we had a way of making buildings of a given size,
             | or, say, value, contribute cash to the local and state
             | governments, that the governments could then distribute as
             | needed to transit, emergency services, infrastructure,
             | schools, etc? We could even make it an annual fee so that
             | they have to contribute to ongoing costs, and maybe
             | periodically we could reassess the value of the property.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Sounds like it would be wildly unpopular and politicians
               | would mess with your figures to get votes, even when that
               | would ruin the budget. Sometimes specifically to ruin the
               | budget because what they really want is to reduce/remove
               | those services.
        
         | notatoad wrote:
         | this doesn't eliminate parking spots. they're eliminating
         | parking _minimums_ , which in most cases are not backed by any
         | sort of science or study - parking minimums get set mostly
         | randomly, as a roadblock for development that people don't want
         | in their neighbourhood. there's no good reason for most of
         | these parking minimums, and they're not necessarily parking
         | spots in places where there is any demand. steet parking,
         | parking garages, and parking lots will continue to exist.
         | 
         | then they get carried forward as precedent because people hear
         | "eliminate parking minimums" as "eliminate parking spots" and
         | fight against it, but they don't make any sense.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | Your comment is completely wrong, at least as it applies to
           | Austin as explained in the article.
           | 
           | Parking minimums are simply a requirement that if you build
           | an apartment building with N apartments, you need to include
           | a number of parking spots that is a function of N. The idea
           | being that if you're building a number of places for people
           | to _live_ , the vast majority of them (especially in Austin)
           | will need a place to _park_ , and it's not really fair for
           | you to externalize that need onto public streets just so you
           | can make more money by adding more apartments with no
           | parking.
           | 
           | That's the argument anyway, and it makes sense. The counter
           | argument is that it also keeps us as a car-dependent city,
           | and makes it harder to build affordable housing.
           | 
           | I'm not really convinced of the counter argument, at least in
           | Austin. Public transportation (or, basically any
           | transportation) is notoriously bad in Austin, and for decades
           | we've basically had the stance "if you don't build it, they
           | won't come", but that hasn't quite worked out.
        
             | Eisenstein wrote:
             | > I'm not really convinced of the counter argument, at
             | least it Austin. Public transportation (or, basically any
             | transportation) is notoriously bad in Austin, and for
             | decades we've basically had the stance "if you don't build
             | it, they won't come", but that hasn't quite worked out.
             | 
             | Well, since what you have been doing hasn't worked, maybe
             | let's try the other tactic.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | The other tactic would be to actually build out viable
               | public transportation.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | The other tactic is 'do something to reduce car
               | dependency'.
        
             | hnaccount_rng wrote:
             | The comment just said, that the function of N that gives
             | the number of parking spots (really it's just going to be a
             | proportionality factor) is "set nearly randomly". Nothing
             | in your comment counters that assertion. Which I personally
             | don't find implausible (although that is without any
             | exposure to the decision process in Austin in particular)
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | It's not "set nearly randomly". It's a function of the
               | estimated number of adult occupants, based on the number
               | of bedrooms I believe.
               | 
               | Besides, the argument isn't "let's look at the
               | calculation for required number of spots and tweak it if
               | necessary", it's "let's get rid of parking altogether and
               | pretend like people won't just still drive and park on
               | the street."
        
               | hnaccount_rng wrote:
               | It's also not "abolish all parking" it's "don't force
               | parking". Or rephrased in a libertarian way "if there is
               | a need for parking the market will provide it" (I make no
               | comment on whether to expect a positive or negative
               | outcome of this experiment)
               | 
               | I mean, you seem to be adamantly opposed. I assume for
               | good reason (at least in your mind). Why not make an
               | argument that actually relates to the proposal? At least
               | I would give your opinion more weight that way
        
             | jen20 wrote:
             | Worse: it was voted for, but the costs have now spiralled
             | while the proposed service has plummeted.
        
         | CYR1X wrote:
         | If there are truly no other options, then the developers are
         | going to have to severely reduce the price of their real estate
         | or choose not to build there. This is simply taking an implicit
         | approach to things, which may or may not work.
         | 
         | If anything doing this is a way for cities to implicitly get
         | citizens on board for investing more in public transit. All of
         | the new apartment buildings in the hip parts of town don't have
         | any parking for your cars, so you're forced onto public
         | transportation more, which you might think stinks, so you now
         | care more about voting for infrastructure improvement.
        
           | qwytw wrote:
           | > If there are truly no other options, then the developers
           | are going to have to severely reduce the price of their real
           | estate or choose not to build there. This is simply taking an
           | implicit approach to things, which may or may not work.
           | 
           | True. But only to a limited extent as long as demand remains
           | significantly higher relative to supply. e.g. if you're
           | moving to a city due to work etc. and and have limited you're
           | much more willing to compromise (use street parking, private
           | lots some distance away etc,).
        
           | TexanFeller wrote:
           | I think people will just take the path of least resistance
           | which is voting for building more parking again. They won't
           | punish themselves in the short term so that the neighborhood
           | they live in is more affordable and walkable in 20 years,
           | when they won't even live there anymore by then.
        
         | letitbeirie wrote:
         | I wish they'd be a little less one-size-fits-all.
         | 
         | Nixing parking minimums for businesses in already-walkable,
         | transit-connected downtown cores is overdue, and areas close to
         | that density can easily _become_ new downtown cores when infill
         | is allowed to cover their parking lots.
         | 
         | Nixing parking minimums for downtown apartments, to your point,
         | is a terrible idea (outside the densest areas of NYC at least,
         | where parking minimums are already effectively nil) because
         | most transit systems in the US are designed to bring suburban
         | commuters into the city, so even if said apartment is situated
         | directly above a multi-modal mass transit hub, it might not
         | necessarily connect its residents to much more than a handful
         | of giant parking decks clustered around a freeway.
        
           | jadengeller wrote:
           | If downtown apartments are not sufficiently desirable without
           | parking, developers will build parking.
        
             | Ekaros wrote:
             | What I will guess happens is that they are still desirable,
             | they will not be cheaper. And there will be parking
             | problems...
        
               | brewdad wrote:
               | My adult child lives in an area of Seattle where parking
               | minimums have been eliminated. Their building, built 3
               | years ago, has about 65 adult residents. There are 10
               | parking spaces on site and the street the building sits
               | on has zero street parking. Renting a parking space adds
               | about 10% to the cost of renting. Currently there is
               | still one spot available if a resident wants to pay for
               | it.
               | 
               | If they had built 60 parking spaces and let residents
               | park for free, I feel confident there would be at least
               | 50 spots in regular use based on how nearby buildings
               | with larger parking lots are utilized. Since the parking
               | is underground, the most expensive type of parking to
               | build, I also feel confident that rents would be at least
               | 10% and probably 20% higher with "free" parking.
        
         | chung8123 wrote:
         | In theory it will eliminate the demand because it will be so
         | much of a hassle people won't demand it. When there are no
         | other options for getting around people will have to move to be
         | closer to where they need to be and that increase in price will
         | be weighed against the increase in the price of owning a car.
        
       | jmyeet wrote:
       | The amount of money we collectively spend subsidizing driving is
       | utterly insane.
       | 
       | Yet every public transit measure is jet with the same tired dogma
       | of "it'll raise our taxes" or "it will run at a loss". Street
       | parking tons at a loss. Why is this never brought up?
       | 
       | Significant money is spent by the likes of the remaining Koch
       | brothers to fight public transit infrastructure in every city.
       | 
       | Yet taking drivers off the road will make driving better and
       | faster.
       | 
       | The shortsightedness of this is bewildering.
       | 
       | Parking minimums are a start, particularly for building more
       | affordable housing but it's barely scratching the surface and
       | even this small gesture will often be met with fierce opposition.
        
         | swozey wrote:
         | The middled/old-aged NIMBYs in the suburbs don't use Uber/Pub-
         | trans so they don't care and don't want to ever vote for it
         | being improved or "taking my tax dollars." They still equate
         | public transportation with being poor and not how millions of
         | people who live IN the city get around, nor how THEY can
         | benefit from being able to come downtown or go to the mountains
         | skiing more frequently.
         | 
         | You know who wants tons of parking spots? Those people with
         | their Suburbans and 6 kids who only come downtown for a sports
         | game once every 3 months but complain about how scary and
         | stressful being downtown is.
         | 
         | If you want a concrete example of this- when Austin caused
         | Uber/Lyft to exit the market in 2016 (iirc) based on them "not
         | fingerprinting drivers" one of the big arguments for letting
         | them leave from one of (or the most) important council members
         | was some comment along the lines of, "Well I've never needed an
         | Uber/Lyft before in my life. Why can't you use cabs?"
         | Ironically this person lives in Clarksville (or Tarrytown)
         | which is one of the most expensive suburbs right outside of
         | downtown and they probably never NEED an Uber. I bartended back
         | in 2016 when this was going on and it SUCKED when they left. We
         | had already gotten them into Austin WAY later than most other
         | cities and it finally felt like I could travel around without a
         | headache and the bullshit that yellow cabs bring with it
         | ("Sorry sir, my credit card is not working tonight! Cash only
         | but we're here already, so you must find ATM!")
         | 
         | People who actually go out and do things and didn't want to
         | have to go back to cabs not showing up, potentially getting a
         | dwi/dui, etc were angry beyond belief at the council.
         | 
         | https://www.austinchronicle.com/daily/news/2016-05-14/dear-m...
        
           | oceanplexian wrote:
           | > They still equate public transportation with being poor and
           | not how millions of people who live IN the city get around.
           | 
           | I rode BART out of Oakland for years. I don't agree with
           | NIMBYs but it's not like they are making it up.
           | 
           | I assure you, it is indeed full of insane people, homeless,
           | the trains are nasty and smell like urine, frequently break
           | down or get stopped because people regularly suicide
           | themselves on the tracks. I'm sure in Asian countries the
           | trains are fantastic but here people aren't adults and ruin
           | it for everyone.
        
             | AlexandrB wrote:
             | > I'm sure in Asian countries the trains are fantastic but
             | unfortunately public transit riders here aren't adults and
             | ruin it for everyone.
             | 
             | Not sure why you would turn an obviously systemic problem
             | into one of personal responsibility. Do you think there are
             | no mentally disabled or homeless people in other countries?
             | 
             | This attitude seems startlingly common in the US. It's like
             | the pessimistic side of American Exceptionalism - "This
             | problem, which many other countries have tackled
             | successfully, cannot be fixed here".
        
           | TexanFeller wrote:
           | < They still equate public transportation with being poor and
           | not how millions of people who live IN the city get around.
           | 
           | Because statistically that's very true almost everywhere in
           | America. Even flagship cities like NYC have pathetic
           | trains/subways compared to Europe/Asia and 90% of the
           | population has never been that far abroad to see what's
           | possible. I've tried the express busses and "train"(can you
           | call it that with only two cars!) in Austin and gave up
           | because they waste much more time and are less comfortable
           | than driving. Never saw rich professionals on them, but
           | plenty of mentally ill, drug addicted, and unbathed(not that
           | we should avoid the homeless as much as we do now) persons.
        
             | swozey wrote:
             | I worked on 2nd and Congress for 4 years and almost every
             | single person I worked with who lived in the suburbs took
             | the train from around the Domain/Aboreteum/further-north-
             | Canada area. They would usually bike, park-at, or get
             | dropped off at a park-n-ride.
             | 
             | Nobody said addicts, etc aren't on trains. I said people
             | think that is who is _only_ on it. My software engineer
             | dad-friends absolutely took the train every single day and
             | so did a TON of people who worked downtown. They constantly
             | complained that the trains were full and I remember them
             | changing schedules based on how full they were.
             | 
             | They all said they took the train because it was faster and
             | they didn't have to sit in traffic.
             | 
             | I've also taken tons of buses. I lived off the drag and
             | worked on 2nd. I always took a bus by UT down Congress to
             | get to downtown. A bus is a bus. Every city bus has bus
             | issues like you mentioned. Yawn. It's even worse here in
             | Denver.
        
           | QuercusMax wrote:
           | I live in Portland, Oregon, and my house has a city bus stop
           | with service every 15 minutes literally around the corner. If
           | you walk 3-5 blocks, you can access 2 more bus lines, and if
           | you're willing to go 10 blocks you can get to half a dozen
           | more. We have light rail (Trimet MAX) and the Portland
           | Streetcar with just over a mile walk. It's one of the reasons
           | we moved where we did. I work for Google, and Google Portland
           | gives me a free unlimited transit pass, as our office is
           | located on the downtown transit mall. I've literally never
           | driven into the office; a 20 minute bus ride with less than a
           | 2 block walk is incredibly nice.
           | 
           | My family takes transit all the time; I have 3 teens old
           | enough to get their licenses and none of them have put much
           | effort into learning how to drive because they can get around
           | well enough using transit.
           | 
           | If you talk to our Baby Boomer neighbors, though, you'd think
           | that the second you step foot on a bus or train you'll
           | immediately be assaulted by violent junkies. We do have a big
           | unhoused problem here (like everywhere) but my neighbors seem
           | to think transit is only for the poor; it's sad, really, as
           | many of them are getting to the age where they really
           | shouldn't be driving.
        
         | tellsomething wrote:
         | Seems silly to think infrastructure means subsidising. Why
         | don't you switch to dial up so that all the cables underneath
         | the ocean can be slowly removed in order not to bother wild
         | life over there?
         | 
         | But really, your whole life is sustained by providers driving.
         | Taxes in the city comes from humans being able to physically
         | move their bodies to the right location.
         | 
         | I mean, wouldn't it be ideal to get all the benefits of a
         | complex industrial society without a complex industry? It sure
         | would.
        
           | _dain_ wrote:
           | _> But really, your whole life is sustained by providers
           | driving. Taxes in the city comes from humans being able to
           | physically move their bodies to the right location._
           | 
           | because the only way to get around in a city is by driving,
           | right?
        
             | tellsomething wrote:
             | It will sure do great to inflation when your plumber has to
             | take the bus and instead of having 5 customers per day only
             | has 2.
        
           | ta_1138 wrote:
           | Of course infrastructure is subsidizing those who use it.
           | Even more so when it comes to infrastructure that takes a lot
           | of space, as every square foot of surface dedicated to one
           | thing cannot be dedicated to another. And infrastructure
           | induces demand by lowering some prices relative to others.
           | 
           | In an extreme case, imagine that your typical, currently
           | congested highway gained another 6 lanes in each direction,
           | and we raise speed limits to 100 mph. First, the right of way
           | is now way bigger, so we need to wreck a lot of buildings for
           | this infrastructure. It makes being able to travel near that
           | highway really nice for a while: Minimal congestion! A
           | straight out windfall by people owning land near it. But that
           | also means that the area redevelops, as farmland that was in
           | the middle of nowhere is now a reasonable commute downtown!
           | But as the development continues, the highway will fill up.
           | And since downtown streets were not changed, it's the area
           | downtown near the highway that is now a congested mess, as
           | the limitation is getting from there to buildings.
           | 
           | And again, a subsidy for you can be a harm for me: If every
           | street is 8 lanes wide, it's very hard to cross. Every
           | pedestrian crossing added is also infrastructure, but it
           | slows down traffic. Every bit of lawn you use is another bit
           | of distance I have to wade through to get to my destination,
           | vs an area with the same number of houses, but without lawns.
           | 
           | One can like one tradeoff more than the other, but the fact
           | that infrastructure means subsidy, and that urbanism choices
           | are picking some people's interests over others is just
           | factual.
        
             | tellsomething wrote:
             | > One can like one tradeoff more than the other, but the
             | fact that infrastructure means subsidy, and that urbanism
             | choices are picking some people's interests over others is
             | just factual.
             | 
             | You do have a point.
             | 
             | But, do you think cities prosper _in spite_ of this
             | subsidy? It seems like an investment that pays off in
             | second error effects. I mean, why aren 't cities without
             | infrastructure growing like mad? Because it's not possible
             | and cities with infrastructure outcompete them.
             | 
             | Only way to make this work is if you outright ban
             | infrastructure and then make competition impossible in that
             | domain.
        
               | tstrimple wrote:
               | The investment only pays off in areas with the tax base
               | to recoup the upfront cost. Largely this isn't the
               | suburbs or rural areas and only _some_ parts of urban
               | environments. Massive suburbs are built without the
               | ability to maintain their infrastructure in the future
               | based off of the taxes of its residents. There is an
               | interesting image in this article
               | (https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2017/1/9/the-real-
               | reason...) which shows the areas of a city which earn a
               | ROI and those which are just expenses. The poorer and
               | denser parts of the cities are the only ones which pay
               | for themselves (and thus everyone else).
               | 
               | > There are some remarkable things to note right off the
               | top. When we added up the replacement cost of all of the
               | city's infrastructure--an expense we would anticipate
               | them cumulatively experiencing roughly once a generation
               | --it came to $32 billion. When we added up the entire tax
               | base of the city, all of the private wealth sustained by
               | that infrastructure, it came to just $16 billion. This is
               | fatal.
               | 
               | > It's obvious to me why this is fatal, but for those of
               | you for whom it is less clear, let me elaborate.
               | 
               | > The median house in Lafayette costs roughly $150,000. A
               | family living in this house would currently pay about
               | $1,500 per year in taxes to the local government of which
               | 10%, approximately $150, goes to maintenance of
               | infrastructure (more is paid to the schools and regional
               | government). A fraction of that $150--it varies by year--
               | is spent on actual pavement.
               | 
               | > To maintain just the roads and drainage systems that
               | have already been built, the family in that median house
               | would need to have their taxes increase by $3,300 per
               | year. That assumes no new roads are built and existing
               | roadways are not widened or substantively improved. That
               | is $3,300 in additional local taxes just to tread water.
               | 
               | > That does not include underground utilities (sewer and
               | water) or major facilities such as treatment plants,
               | water towers and public buildings. Using ratios we've
               | experienced from other communities, it is likely that the
               | total infrastructure revenue gap for that median home is
               | closer to $8,000 per year.
        
       | TexanFeller wrote:
       | A big problem with this is the incredibly long payoff time. You
       | make parking go from miserable to insufferable, but it will take
       | a decade minimum for good public transit and making popular areas
       | bikeable/walkable. Sad experience with government projects tells
       | I'm being generous on the timescale. If you make the
       | infrastructure problems in Austin more painful for a decade there
       | will be a migration away and we might have a death spiral from
       | losing the tax base to pay for all that shiny public transit.
       | 
       | Car free areas also raise objections about accessibility for the
       | disabled. How do you get your wheelchair to the middle of that
       | car free area half a mile from the public transit stop closes to
       | where you want to go.
        
         | _dain_ wrote:
         | Sounds like a skill issue. Paris made itself bikeable pretty
         | quickly.
         | 
         | As for disabled: improvements to walkability and bikeability
         | are also improvements to disabled accessibility in almost all
         | cases. Not all disabilities are visible, and some even preclude
         | driving at all. And when car parking is a hard requirement,
         | there are dedicated disabled-parking zones.
         | 
         | EDIT: "X was built for walkability but Y was built for the car"
         | you always hear this but it's just a lazy BS excuse not to do
         | anything or think critically about the built environment. many
         | of the cities people tout as "obviously this was built to be
         | walkable" used to be clogged with cars (including Paris). it
         | has wide boulevards! and many cities people think "oh this is
         | obviously built for cars so we shouldn't bother" used to be
         | totally walkable and had world-beating public transport (Los
         | Angeles). it's ahistorical, learned helplessness, never backed
         | by any rigorous comparisons, just vibes.
        
           | TexanFeller wrote:
           | Paris was originally built to be traversed by walking and on
           | horseback. It was originally built for density and
           | walkability with roads tacked on later as an afterthought.
           | Many streets in the core of Paris, Rome, etc. are tiny and
           | barely fit for cars. Not as easy in a city that grew up with
           | cars and are have as much roadway as buildings.
        
         | screye wrote:
         | Bike infrastructure means some brick separators and painted
         | lanes. It takes less than a month to build city-wide
         | rudimentary protected bike lines.
         | 
         | BRT is similarly quick to implement, if a little more
         | expensive. Remove 1 lane of parking from major downtown roads &
         | replace with a painted BRT lane. Order about 50 buses to run in
         | 1 way loops around the downtown area. Have high frequency BRT
         | between the out-of-downtown parking area <-> downtown core.
         | 
         | Either should be doable under 1 year.
         | 
         | The blockers are all political.
        
           | crote wrote:
           | > Bike infrastructure means some brick separators and painted
           | lanes.
           | 
           | The biggest issue with bike infrastructure is that the people
           | responsible for infrastructure _genuinely believe this_. The
           | end result is usually a scattered bunch of stupidly dangerous
           | "bike lanes" which aren't of use to basically anyone.
           | 
           | You need a separate biking _network_ , which interfaces with
           | car traffic as little as possible. This means you're
           | essentially building "cycling highways" through car-free or
           | car-minimal residential streets. Doing this properly means
           | re-engineering those streets and intersections basically from
           | the ground up, not just putting some paint on a highway
           | gutter.
        
             | TexanFeller wrote:
             | Thank you for saying this, the half measures currently
             | being implemented most places are indeed woefully
             | inadequate. The "bike lanes" near me are just painted lanes
             | that frequently intersect turning cars. I would LOVE to
             | bike to work, but not if I have to fear serious injury
             | every day.
        
             | tomatocracy wrote:
             | I cycle quite a lot in London which has put a lot of these
             | in and honestly I think most of the separated lanes etc are
             | a waste of money - they only really make a difference on
             | the busiest roads with the narrowest lanes or at the most
             | dangerous junctions. What does seem to be hugely
             | underestimated is the need to provide lots of decent secure
             | cycle parking at every destination.
        
           | jandrese wrote:
           | > It takes less than a month to build city-wide rudimentary
           | protected bike lines.
           | 
           | Citation needed. Maybe a month of actual painting time once
           | you've done all of the planning, but planning the routes and
           | going through all of the approvals and meetings is absolutely
           | not possible in a single month. Not even a single year.
        
             | BobaFloutist wrote:
             | If you do it on every street you don't have to spend any
             | time planning the routes.
        
               | jandrese wrote:
               | Absolutely not true. Every intersection is its own
               | special snowflake and if you don't consider the
               | intersections your bike paths will not be usable.
        
         | briffle wrote:
         | Nothing about this makes it a 'car free area'. They are saying
         | no more arbitrary minimums. Nobody is saying parking is not
         | allowed. You better believe businesses will still want parking
         | for their customers. And a new apartment complex/condo is still
         | going to have them to attract tennants.
        
         | ZoomerCretin wrote:
         | This is a chicken-and-egg situation. We can't get rid of
         | parking until we have good public transit! We can't have good
         | public transit because all the parking mandates reduce density
         | so much that you can't live without a car!
         | 
         | If you bite the bullet and remove parking, better public
         | transit will come. If you never remove parking, you will never
         | have better transit.
         | 
         | By another measure, removing parking mandates is a very
         | immediate success because it lowers rents by several hundred
         | dollars a month:
         | https://www.planetizen.com/news/2023/11/126192-parking-refor...
        
         | avianlyric wrote:
         | > How do you get your wheelchair to the middle of that car free
         | area half a mile from the public transit stop closes to where
         | you want to go.
         | 
         | One would assume you would _wheel_ your wheelchair there. You
         | know, the same way people walk their feet there.
         | 
         | > Car free areas also raise objections about accessibility for
         | the disabled.
         | 
         | What about all the people with disabilities that make driving
         | dangerous or impossible, would love to know how we're making
         | driving accessible for the blind. There are far more people
         | with disabilities that makes car travel difficult, than there
         | are people for whom direct point-to-point car travel is an
         | absolute necessity (short of someone being rushed to a
         | hospital, I'm not sure what people would need regular, direct,
         | point-to-point car travel).
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | I thought a generation of remote work would change attitudes
       | about cities. Why are we still trying to cram into small spaces?
        
         | polygamous_bat wrote:
         | Because some people are social and have fun with other people.
        
           | codybontecou wrote:
           | We've never had social interaction before the modern city /s
        
             | avianlyric wrote:
             | Erm, you realise that before the "modern city", every urban
             | area was small and walkable, on account of the car not
             | being invented.
             | 
             | The "modern city" or at least the US's version of a "modern
             | city" is the first time humans have ever lived so far apart
             | at such scale. Enabled only because the car has conditioned
             | so many people to think that driving 30mins to get anywhere
             | interesting is "normal" or "natural".
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | 200 years ago 98% of humans were farmers and lived either
               | on the farm or in a small village in walking distance of
               | the farm. Todays cities are nothing like how people lived
               | before modern days. If you were a substance farmer (as
               | was your best case) you had about 5 acres of land - about
               | what you get in the exurbs (though a modern exurb house
               | is a lot bigger/nicer). If you were a slave (not
               | unlikely) you lived in a very crowed boarding house with
               | the other slaves on more land. Sure ancient Rome had 1
               | million people, but that was not the norm and even then
               | most people were farmers in little villages not living in
               | the city.
        
         | AlexandrB wrote:
         | I'm not sure what you mean. Even with remote work, living in a
         | high-density area offers advantages - the primary one (in my
         | mind) being that you don't have to own a car.
        
           | pc86 wrote:
           | "Let's pay 3x as much for rent [and other things that more
           | expensive with density] to save $300/mo on a car payment" is
           | certainly an interesting life choice.
           | 
           | More seriously though I do think there are benefits to city
           | living if that's a lifestyle you want, but saving money is
           | almost never one of them unless you have a job where you can
           | make a LOT more living in the city, which sort of by
           | definition means you're not going to be working remotely.
        
             | coldpie wrote:
             | Who said anything about money? Owning a car sucks, dude.
             | Without a car, you don't need a place to store it, you
             | don't need to worry about the safety of your $25,000 item
             | every time you want to go somewhere, you don't need to
             | worry (as much) about being turned into hamburger by your
             | own or some other idiot's mistake. When I go somewhere, I
             | hop on the bus, read a book for a while, and then I'm at my
             | destination. It's fantastic.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | It's pretty nice in my experience, dude. But I don't live
               | in a city so it's more of a necessity and none of these
               | downsides are really an issue - which is sort the entire
               | point.
        
               | coldpie wrote:
               | Ditching cars feels like giving up regular alcohol use
               | did, where the scales fell from my eyes and I see how
               | much better my life is without it, but I can't quite
               | communicate it to others without seeming like a huge
               | judgmental prick :)
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | I've been without a car for 4 years now, and it is
               | becoming a burden. For the first 2 years it wasn't so bad
               | because of lock down. Now, even with my e-bike (which I
               | love and would continue to use if I had a car) there are
               | certain things I just cannot do. Inclimate weather is a
               | big one, and in my location, June-September is inclimate
               | weather of 100deg+ weather. Carrying things home from the
               | hardware store is not conducive activity with my e-bike.
               | Large item purchases, blah blah blah. If I were to rent a
               | car suitable each time, I could just pay the monthly car
               | payment
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > I've been without a car for 4 years now, and it is
               | becoming a burden. For the first 2 years it wasn't so bad
               | because of lock down. Now, even with my e-bike (which I
               | love and would continue to use if I had a car) there are
               | certain things I just cannot do. Inclimate weather is a
               | big one, and in my location, June-September is inclimate
               | weather of 100deg+ weather. Carrying things home from the
               | hardware store is not conducive activity with my e-bike.
               | Large item purchases, blah blah blah. If I were to rent a
               | car suitable each time, I could just pay the monthly car
               | payment
               | 
               | You haven't specified where you live, but from the
               | details you've written, we can narrow it down far enough
               | to safely conclude that you're not living in a place
               | that's designed to support a car-free lifestyle.
               | 
               | I have lived for over fifteen years without a car. Not
               | only do I not miss it, but I'd _pay_ to be able to live
               | like this. I can rent a car whenever I need it (something
               | like once or twice a year) and the total annual cost is a
               | fraction of what a monthly car payment would be almost
               | anywhere in the country: gas, financing, repairs, fees,
               | other expenses, etc. all add up to way more than people
               | realize[0].
               | 
               | When you're living in a place that's designed with cars
               | in mind, it's hard to imagine living comfortably without
               | it, but when you're living in a place that's designed for
               | other means of transportation, it's hard to imagine ever
               | going back to cars.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2023/10/07/busine
               | ss/car-...
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | > When you're living in a place that's designed with cars
               | in mind,
               | 
               | Being born in a place is a lottery with random chance
               | deciding the rules for you. Sure, as an adult, you can
               | potentially choose to leave for the less green pasture
               | and live in an urban environment of city designed for
               | other means of transpo if you're one that doesn't mind
               | moving away from their entire familial support structure.
               | Not say it can't be done, but people just assume these
               | decisions are something people are willing to make just
               | because they did. It's nonsensical.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > Being born in a place is a lottery with random chance
               | deciding the rules for you. Sure, as an adult, you can
               | potentially choose to leave for the less green pasture
               | and live in an urban environment of city designed for
               | other means of transpo if you're one that doesn't mind
               | moving away from their entire familial support structure.
               | Not say it can't be done, but people just assume these
               | decisions are something people are willing to make just
               | because they did. It's nonsensical.
               | 
               | Nobody in this subthread is saying anything to that
               | effect. This thread was prompted by someone asking why
               | anyone would want to live in a [car-free] urban
               | environment in the first place. The ability to do so is
               | implied by the question, not something being prescribed
               | by edict.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | > Carrying things home from the hardware store is not
               | conducive activity with my e-bike. Large item purchases,
               | blah blah blah. If I were to rent a car suitable each
               | time, I could just pay the monthly car payment
               | 
               | Do you have on-demand car sharing in your city? Like
               | Zipcar or similar? You could go on a _heck_ of a lot of
               | hardware store trips in one of these cars for the price
               | of a car payment + parking + insurance + taxes +
               | maintenance.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > Do you have on-demand car sharing in your city? Like
               | Zipcar or similar? You could go on a heck of a lot of
               | hardware store trips in one of these cars for the price
               | of a car payment + parking + insurance + taxes +
               | maintenance.
               | 
               | I think you're replying to the wrong person. I do use
               | Zipcar on the rare occasion that I need a car. It's way
               | cheaper than car ownership (not even including parking).
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | On the chance they were meaning to reply to me, no, I
               | don't think a Zipcar is going to help me carry sheets of
               | plywood or other similar large items. However, I'm not
               | familiar with Zipcar, so I just took a look. Near me,
               | there's a Kia Soul or a Toyota Prius. Nope, neither of
               | those helpful for my needs. I'll continue with the "hey
               | buddy...got another sixer-request", although, some
               | requests become cases.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | Yeah, I replied to the wrong person. Anyway, I don't see
               | many people buying full sheets of plywood in dense
               | cities, but if I wanted to do that, I wouldn't be going
               | to my neighborhood hardware store with a Zipcar, because
               | it doesn't have a lumber yard. I'd go to the Home Depot a
               | few miles away, and I'd use their rental truck.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | that's yet another reason city dwelling in a multi-tenant
               | building is just not conducive for many people. I
               | couldn't imagine not being able to work on projects. Of
               | course, having the desire/inclination of having that kind
               | of hobby is probably something a city slicker just isn't
               | going to do. I have wood working and machine working
               | tools that I'm just going to lean towards not being
               | allowed by whatever building rules.
               | 
               | I love how those not wanting the city life is just looked
               | down upon by those that are. But that's okay, I think
               | those that live in the city are kind of just weird for
               | similarly petty things
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | I've lived both lifestyles; it goes both ways. I like
               | metal working and wrenching on cars, which was easy to do
               | in my suburban garage, but I also like riding a bike to
               | run my errands, walking to the bar, and regularly going
               | to highly specialized meetups, which is easier to do in a
               | city. There's no one lifestyle that's perfect for
               | everything.
        
               | dublinben wrote:
               | There's nothing inherently incompatible with living an a
               | walkable community and participating in hobbies like
               | woodworking. For example, after just a few minutes of
               | searching, here's the first listing I found of a condo in
               | a building that includes an expansive workshop among
               | other amenities. (See photo 52.) This is in a location
               | with a 92 walk and bike score, and a 78 transit score.[0]
               | If that's not to your liking, here's another with a
               | modest woodworking shop.[1] It seems like practically
               | every luxury tower in the city has workshops among their
               | fitness centers, pools, roof terraces, etc.[2][3]
               | Minneapolis too cold? How about Seattle?[4]
               | 
               | [0] https://www.redfin.com/MN/Minneapolis/1235-Yale-
               | Pl-55403/uni...
               | 
               | [1] https://www.redfin.com/MN/Minneapolis/1920-S-1st-
               | St-55454/un...
               | 
               | [2] https://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-
               | detail/222-2nd-St...
               | 
               | [3] https://www.realtor.com/realestateandhomes-
               | detail/100-3rd-Av...
               | 
               | [4] https://www.zillow.com/homedetails/1420-E-Pine-St-
               | UNIT-E310-...
        
               | s1artibartfast wrote:
               | >I can rent a car whenever I need it (something like once
               | or twice a year)
               | 
               | I think this is obviously the crux of the issue. It
               | depends on what you do and what your love. I would be
               | renting a car/truck 2-3x a week based on my interests and
               | passions.
               | 
               | I would like not having to drive to work, but would
               | rather give up those 1.5 hours a day than everything else
               | my vehicle lets me do.
               | 
               | that said, i support letting people chose for themselves.
        
             | throw0101d wrote:
             | > _" Let's pay 3x as much for rent [and other things that
             | more expensive with density] to save $300/mo on a car
             | payment" is certainly an interesting life choice._
             | 
             | Try $1000/mo on average:
             | 
             | * https://money.com/owning-new-car-cost-total-2023/
             | 
             | If you're making >$100K that may not sound like _that_
             | much, but the average /median US salary is lower.
             | 
             | (That probably doesn't include externalities either:
             | health, climate change, commute times when you do have to
             | go into the office, _etc_.)
             | 
             | Cars can be convenient, but it'd be better if they were
             | _option_ for living your life rather than a _necessity_.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | $1k/mo is a new car with no down payment, most people
               | aren't doing that. It's literally the most expensive way
               | to get a vehicle! Maybe #2 depending on your views on
               | leasing and how you calculate cost there.
               | 
               | And even using the $1k/mo number, you're still paying
               | thousand _s_ more in rent to save that.
        
               | dylan604 wrote:
               | $1k/month doesn't just necessarily mean the financing on
               | the car. When I look at the monthly requirements for the
               | car, I include insurance in that number. If the place I'm
               | living requires a parking fee, I include that number. I
               | don't include gas/maintenance as those are variable, so
               | I'm only including the fixed costs fees.
               | 
               | You can also get higher payments with money down if you
               | have no to low credit ratings. Been there, done that. You
               | play the game using the online calculators that dealers
               | provide on how much your payment can change based on
               | credit score and down payment, and the credit score will
               | dramatically change compared to the down payment.
        
               | throw0101d wrote:
               | > _$1k /mo is a new car with no down payment_
               | 
               | The average monthly payment for a used car is $500/mo,
               | and $700/mo for a new car:
               | 
               | * https://www.nerdwallet.com/article/loans/auto-
               | loans/average-...
               | 
               | Then add maintenance, insurance, depreciation, fuel. And
               | that's just the stuff that shows up on a spreadsheet (of
               | which depreciation most folks don't really think about).
        
               | jonfw wrote:
               | You wouldn't consider depreciation a cost in addition to
               | your car payment, depreciation is on your balance sheet
               | and your car payment is on your cash flow.
               | 
               | Your balance sheet would factor in only your interest
               | payments and depreciation, the principal on your loan is
               | irrelevant there because it's being realized as equity.
               | 
               | The average monthly payment for a used car being $500
               | does not mean that somebody on a low income has to pay
               | $500 to own a car. I'd imagine that the average price
               | paid for a cup of coffee is around $5, but that doesn't
               | mean that that's what coffe costs. It just means that a
               | lot of people pay way more than neccessary for coffee.
               | Similarly- lots of people drive cars that are bigger,
               | faster, newer, more luxurious, and more capable then
               | necessary.
               | 
               | The bare minimum cost to own a vehicle is not $500 a
               | month by any means- my 5000 dollar car has lasted me 6
               | years now as an example. Even if we consider it is now
               | worth half of it's original value, that comes in at about
               | $70 a month in depreciation. Hardly unaffordable
        
             | avianlyric wrote:
             | > "Let's pay 3x as much for rent [and other things that
             | more expensive with density] to save $300/mo on a car
             | payment"
             | 
             | You must have one of those magical cars that runs on air,
             | never needs to be filled up, never needs to be taxed, never
             | needs to be insured and never breaks down. Wish I could
             | have one of those cars.
             | 
             | In the meantime I'll settle for using my feet and my bike.
             | Never needed to fill them up with fuel, pay insurance, or
             | tax. And my feet, at least, have never broken down.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | $400/month is probably a reasonable average to cover the
               | cost of a car though. Sure a new car will be over
               | $1000/month, but a used car will be much cheaper. In ever
               | city I've looked downtown housing is a lot more than
               | that. Of course most cities let you live much cheaper
               | just outside of downtown, if you can do that you have
               | reasonable rents and good access to transit and so a car
               | would be a large extra cost.
        
               | pastage wrote:
               | Cheapest TCO for a bought used car is about 400 euro per
               | month here in Sweden, most will spend more because they
               | drive more or buy a more expensive car. The majority of
               | people will spend more than 600 euros per month at 1200km
               | YMMV, the externalties are subsidized to at least
               | 100-1500 euros per month depending on how you count.
               | 
               | All these numbers are from 2019.
               | 
               | Without car we pay about 300 euros per month for all
               | transport needs, an extra 100 euros per month are direct
               | subsidies. I would guess we would pay at least 800 euros
               | per month for a car, probably more.
        
             | lukas099 wrote:
             | Don't forget the price of all the extra healthcare you need
             | if you don't walk or bike anywhere.
        
             | shortsunblack wrote:
             | According to American Automobile Association, annual cost
             | of car ownership is 12182 US$[1]. That is 3x montly than
             | that you claim.
             | 
             | [1] https://newsroom.aaa.com/2023/08/annual-new-car-
             | ownership-co...
        
           | s1artibartfast wrote:
           | It is hard to replace a vehicle when my primary use case is
           | getting away from the high density area I live in go places
           | with minimal public access.
        
         | mint2 wrote:
         | Because it's nice to have practically every amenity possible in
         | easy walking distance I.e 5-10 minutes walk.
         | 
         | Probably 20 restaurants, 20 small shops, coffee shops, ups,
         | usps, fedex, hardware stores, museums, parks etc etc all within
         | 10 minutes walk.
         | 
         | It's nice not having to drive for everyday errands. driving and
         | parking is soul draining and causes suburbs to be ugly, not to
         | mention freeways. Those are ugly as sin.
        
           | chung8123 wrote:
           | You don't need all of that to have every amenity at a walking
           | distance. I live in the suburbs and I still have almost every
           | amenity walking distance. Do I need 20 restaurants and coffee
           | shops?
           | 
           | Having space for your hobbies is nice so if your priority is
           | hobbies that need space living out of the city is nice. If
           | your priority is going out for things it is probably better
           | to live in the city.
        
             | dionidium wrote:
             | > _Do I need 20 restaurants and coffee shops?_
             | 
             | That should be up to individuals, not central planners.
        
               | chung8123 wrote:
               | Agreed. I don't think anyone is disputing that.
        
             | rcpt wrote:
             | > live in the suburbs and I still have almost every amenity
             | walking distance
             | 
             | Are you sure you live in a suburb?
        
               | chung8123 wrote:
               | Of course I am sure. If you plan where you live you can
               | live in the suburbs just fine and still be able to walk
               | most places. I have done it in the last few places I have
               | lived. They even have bus routes. Suburbs can be walk-
               | able for those that make it a priority. Many don't care
               | and will pick their homes with different criteria.
        
               | enobrev wrote:
               | One that comes to mind is Arlington Heights, IL, a suburb
               | to Chicago. It's very walkable and the places you can
               | walk to are work walking to. My wife and I had to spend a
               | week there and had lots of great meals throughout the day
               | at various places, with lots of amenities for day-to-day
               | life.
               | 
               | I was born, raised, lived in many, and will likely die in
               | a city - but I just wanted to chime in to say that not
               | all suburbs are awful.
        
         | crote wrote:
         | Because a lot of people _like_ living in cities.
         | 
         | They want to visit friends, go to a museum, join a sports club,
         | check out a book from the library, go shopping, visit a
         | restaurant - there's _way more_ of those in a city than in the
         | countryside.
        
         | throw0101d wrote:
         | > _Why are we still trying to cram into small spaces?_
         | 
         | Define "small". Here are some examples houses in an urban area
         | with front yards, back yards, and garages (attached to lanes):
         | 
         | *
         | https://www.google.com/maps/place/150+Geoffrey+St,+Toronto,+...
         | 
         | * https://www.google.com/maps/place/70+Jackman+Ave+Toronto,+ON
         | 
         | A little less square footage:
         | 
         | *
         | https://www.google.com/maps/place/125+Hampton+Ave,+Toronto,+...
         | 
         | *
         | https://www.google.com/maps/place/50+Geoffrey+St,+Toronto,+O...
         | 
         | The _Oh the Urbanity_ channel has a video on the (mistaken)
         | idea that  "urban living" = Manhattan / Hong Kong apartment
         | blocks, which is certainly not the case:
         | 
         | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BCmz-fgp24E
         | 
         | Plenty of that was build pre-WW2 in ways that didn't depend on
         | cars:
         | 
         | * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Streetcar_suburb
         | 
         | * https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MWsGBRdK2N0&t=1m8s
         | 
         | Suburban design is the worst of both worlds: lacking the
         | density of the urban so infrastructure is inefficient and so is
         | transportation, and basically bulldozing what makes more rural
         | living nice (closeness to nature).
        
         | tstrimple wrote:
         | Because sprawl is economically unsustainable and dense urban
         | tax bases subsidize practically everything else.
        
         | ch4s3 wrote:
         | I live in a neighborhood in an East Coast city where the
         | housing is all row homes. I have about 1400 sq/ft or 130 m^2.
         | It's really nice, I have a home office, we have a spare
         | bedroom, I can walk 4 minutes to get groceries, there's a
         | commercial street a few minutes walk away, and access to
         | busses/a train. It's really quite nice.
        
         | lukas099 wrote:
         | For one, most jobs are not remote.
        
         | danaris wrote:
         | A generation?
         | 
         | We've had about 3 years of (ubiquitous) remote work; that's
         | nowhere near enough to call "a generation", nor to bring about
         | a sea change in attitudes. Even then, this entire time there's
         | been a steady chorus of voices admonishing us that if we think
         | remote work is better, it's just because we're slacking off; we
         | don't recognize the real, important benefits of ad-hoc in-
         | person communication; this is just a fad that will end any day
         | now. Aaaaany day now...
        
       | oceanplexian wrote:
       | > "I think our country has used its land wastefully, like a drunk
       | lottery winner that's squandered their newfound wealth," said
       | resident Tai Hovanky.
       | 
       | This sounds like a comment from someone who lives in a city and
       | doesn't get out. There is an incredible, vast, mind-boggling
       | amount of empty space in the US. I have flown and driven across
       | the country many times. City dwellers are occupying a fraction of
       | 1% of the space available.
       | 
       | The idea that we must live in hyper-dense cities is utter
       | nonsense. If you like that lifestyle, great, but it's not
       | reasonable to force it on everyone else.
        
         | thinkingtoilet wrote:
         | How is parking legislation like this forcing 'that lifestyle'
         | on everyone else?
        
         | Eisenstein wrote:
         | What would you consider Austin or the suburbs of Austin? If you
         | live in a city or close enough to one, sprawl is terrible as it
         | gives you all the cons of car dependence with fewer benefits of
         | a concentrated population center. The rest of the country can
         | decide they want to live 45 mins drive from a grocery store,
         | but fixing car dependency in cities should be a priority, and I
         | think you'd agree with that.
        
           | jen20 wrote:
           | The density of downtown Austin has increased _substantially_
           | since 2015, but it's still not straightforward to live there
           | without a car. Most of the shops downtown sell tourist tat,
           | not useful items, and most of the everyday commercial
           | districts are inaccessible by public transit.
           | 
           | Almost all new high rise construction just has a couple of
           | floors of parking garage, and handles it well. I can't see
           | buildings without that being commercially successful,
           | especially since much of the work that attracts people who
           | like downtown is out in the burbs (sometimes not even in the
           | same county).
        
             | Eisenstein wrote:
             | > I can't see buildings without that being commercially
             | successful
             | 
             | There is no parking ban being enacted. It is a removal of
             | an arbitrary parking minimum. If they can't sell the
             | properties without it why would they remove parking?
        
         | crote wrote:
         | I actually agree with that - and I grew up in a rural area.
         | 
         | The US has been building a lot of low-quality low-density
         | suburban neighborhoods. They are actively hostile to the people
         | living there, as there are both no amenities within a human
         | distance from your home _and_ there is no space for recreation.
         | Life is constantly being strangled by a forced dependency on
         | car travel.
         | 
         | In cities everything is a stone's throw away, and you can get
         | there either walking or by bike. In rural areas there's plenty
         | of space for outdoor hobbies and for children to play. The
         | suburbs are a worst-of-both-worlds scenario.
        
           | oceanplexian wrote:
           | I lived in Davis, CA for a while and I feel like they had the
           | right balance of suburban and urban development. I felt like
           | it was extremely fair to cars despite being super walkable
           | and one of the most bike friendly cities in the country.
           | 
           | They embrace mixed zoning, where homes and apartments mix
           | with low density commercial, even in the same building. You
           | can own a single family house if you need that, walkable to
           | grocery and restaurants. Portland does this at a greater
           | scale and it's fantastic, unfortunately zoning and public
           | transit won't fix the other problems the city has.
        
         | deutschepost wrote:
         | This is about arbitrary parking regulations. Not about dense
         | cities.
         | 
         | The idea that we must live between enormously huge parking lots
         | is nonsense. If you like that lifestyle, great, but it's not
         | reasonable to force it on everyone else.
        
           | ryukafalz wrote:
           | This is precisely it. Those of us who would like more density
           | and walkability have very limited options in the US, because
           | those who prefer to drive everywhere have their preferences
           | enshrined in law.
        
         | brigade wrote:
         | Cities _should_ be dense so rural lots don't get subdivided
         | into 7000 sqft suburban lots. As you say, literally no one is
         | forcing you to live in cities. But preventing dense cities
         | _will_ force you to live in the suburbs.
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | > "Austin has developed as a low density city without adequate
       | mass transportation system," said resident Malcolm Yeatts.
       | "Austin citizens cannot give up their cars. Eliminating adequate
       | parking for residents will only increase the flight of the middle
       | class and businesses to the suburbs."
       | 
       | I think this is likely to happen. Also, as a potential customer,
       | when I look at a business, if I see that the parking is going to
       | be a hassle, I will pick another location even if it means it is
       | further away. So this has potential to make the business
       | situation worse as well.
        
         | megaman821 wrote:
         | They could make things better rapidly by have a downtown bus
         | loop with dedicated lanes and a park-and-ride to the north and
         | south of downtown. They don't have to solve the whole city at
         | once just incremental improvements every year.
        
       | siliconc0w wrote:
       | I should be for every n sq ft contribute a parking space or $$$
       | to mass transit. Otherwise people still need a car and live a
       | miserable life of shuffling their cars around, taking public
       | spots that should be reserved for commerce or occasional use,
       | like guests, not permanent parking.
        
       | georgeecollins wrote:
       | In Los Angeles there are ~ 3 parking spaces per car, and < 1
       | housing unit per person. We mandate a bunch of parking for every
       | new building, but no housing. Its no wonder that people live in
       | cars.
        
         | smt88 wrote:
         | LA is a disaster for transit and housing, but your numbers
         | aren't a problem on their face.
         | 
         | Any car being used will need >1 space at all times: one at home
         | and one wherever it's being parked when its driver has gone
         | somewhere.
         | 
         | If you have <=1 space per car, the car is either being unused
         | or it's parking illegally sometimes.
         | 
         | We need far more parking spaces per car in LA once we consider
         | the millions of people who are driving in the city and live
         | outside of it.
         | 
         | As far as housing, we'd have a 100% fully housed population
         | with <1 house per person because a large percentage of people
         | live with one or more people.
        
           | chimeracoder wrote:
           | > LA is a disaster for transit and housing, but your numbers
           | aren't a problem on their face. Any car being used will need
           | >1 space at all times: one at home and one wherever it's
           | being parked when its driver has gone somewhere.
           | 
           | Actually, those numbers _are_ a problem on their face. They
           | 're an illustration of why cars, and societies that are
           | structured around enabling automobile transit as the primary
           | (or even sole) means of transit, are inherently unsustainable
           | and inefficient.
        
             | oh_sigh wrote:
             | Why is 3 parking spaces per car inherently unsustainable?
        
               | huntertwo wrote:
               | If you think about it, three parking spaces take up way
               | less space than 1 housing unit in LA.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Most housing units will have more than one person, and
               | most of those people have cars. In most cities space
               | dedicated to cars (parking and roads) covers about 50% of
               | all land use. Housing, factories, stores, parks,
               | churches, and the like are the other half.
               | 
               | Note that the above is about land area. Housing units are
               | often stacked vertically, while car parking rarely
               | stacked.
        
               | empyrrhicist wrote:
               | https://www.homeadvisor.com/cost/outdoor-living/pave-a-
               | parki...
               | 
               | And that doesn't cover opportunity cost or the knock-on
               | effects of market distortion, or the exponentially higher
               | costs of e.g. parking garages.
        
               | kube-system wrote:
               | The price to pave a lot is _by far_ the least
               | unsustainable part of the situation. Asphalt is cheap.
               | The opportunity cost of the land use is much higher in
               | all but the most rural of places.
        
               | stetrain wrote:
               | If everyone needs to have a car to get around that's 3
               | parking spaces per person. Or 6-12 parking spaces per
               | household.
               | 
               | This is nearing the square footage of an apartment to
               | house the same number of people. So for any given unit of
               | housing real estate we need an equivalent or greater
               | amount of parking real estate.
               | 
               | When everyone wants to live close together (ie in LA near
               | where they work, socialize, etc. not in middle of
               | Nebraska) that puts a real pressure on space, and drives
               | up the cost for real estate.
               | 
               | Even if you want to increase density by building higher
               | buildings, the cost of those condo/apartment towers now
               | must factor in a parking garage pedestal taking up 1/3 of
               | its height, and so must offices, shopping centers, etc.
               | 
               | I don't think the ratio of parking spaces per car needs
               | to be reduced. Rather it needs to be recognized, and thus
               | reveal the cost of policies that lead to one car per
               | person. If you can reduce the cars per person ratio, you
               | reduce the number of parking spaces required at a 3x
               | rate.
        
               | michael1999 wrote:
               | 3 parking spaces is ~750sqft. A moving car is another
               | 2000sqft. Once population density passes ~3 stories, the
               | geometry stops working. Once drive time exceeds an hour
               | or two, the math stops working. It's the urban rocket
               | equation.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | It isn't unsustainable. However it is limiting. That is a
               | lot of space that is 2/3rds empty yet not really usable
               | for anything else. Worse, cars are heavy and so it isn't
               | practical to go vertical with parking spaces (we can/do
               | build parking ramps - but they are a lot more expensive
               | and so few want to pay to park there, and even then there
               | seems to be a limit to how tall you can make them)
               | 
               | Cities are great because of all the different things you
               | can get to. However cars spread the city out, and in this
               | in turn means you can't do as many things. You can still
               | do a lot, but eventually the distance (distances in
               | cities are measured in time not meters!) is unreasonable
               | and so you can't get someplace in your city. Dense cities
               | enable more things. If you just want to go to walmart -
               | so do everyone else so no problem. However if you have a
               | niche interest you may discover not enough people live
               | within range to support a place for your interest even
               | though across the entire city there are enough people.
        
             | quietbritishjim wrote:
             | No, _those numbers_ don 't show that by themselves. That's
             | because there's nothing about cars per person, only spaces
             | per car. Cars would not be a problem at all if there were
             | even 50 spaces per car... but only a total of 10 cars!
             | 
             | I think the implicit attitude that your comment seems to
             | have of one car per person is the real issue.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > No, those numbers don't show that by themselves. That's
               | because there's nothing about cars per person, only
               | spaces per car. Cars would not be a problem at all if
               | there were even 50 spaces per car... but only a total of
               | 10 cars!
               | 
               | Okay yes, but we're not talking about a hypothetical city
               | in a hypothetical world in which there are 3 million
               | people who share 10 cars. We're talking about Los
               | Angeles, which everyone reading this thread knows (or can
               | Google) has, in the real world, close to one registered
               | car per person. We're talking about this in a thread
               | about parking minimums in the US, which are almost always
               | found in cities that have approximately one car per
               | person, or at least one car per household.
               | 
               | In that sense, no number ever shows anything "by itself"
               | because meaning is always constructed contextually, but
               | at some point we have to all understand context because
               | it's both tedious and Sisyphean to spell everything out
               | every time.
        
           | c22 wrote:
           | There are always some cars being driven at any given time, so
           | you could technically get away with even fewer spaces than
           | cars. But the fewer spaces you have the less likely the
           | available ones are near your destination.
        
             | kube-system wrote:
             | You really can't average a wide area though, parking is a
             | highly localized and cyclical problem set. During the
             | night, most people will be at home, and during the day,
             | most people will be at work. Your city will increase in
             | population during the day as commuters from the suburbs
             | commute to work. Events will happen in your city which will
             | cause huge outliers in the demand for spaces.
        
               | reaperman wrote:
               | Also, townhome rows typically have little to no street
               | parking available because the driveways are so dense.
               | This makes it impossible for friends to come over and
               | park anywhere.
        
             | marcosdumay wrote:
             | That's one thing that self-driving cars would help.
             | 
             | And the more often the car is running, the fewer parking
             | spots you need, so shared cars help here too.
             | 
             | But neither would beat a well organized hierarchical and
             | capillary mas-transit.
        
         | rmbyrro wrote:
         | In Brazil there are 3 cars per parking space, so people park in
         | illegal places, traffic becomes caos, and no one can get to
         | their homes with sanity.
         | 
         | Don't fool yourselves. There are many ways to reduce housing
         | costs and increase housing supply.
         | 
         | Reducing parking spots is lame.
        
           | earthling8118 wrote:
           | Right, it is lame alone. They should consider reducing the
           | number of cars as well.
        
         | c22 wrote:
         | Obviously more than one person can occupy a housing unit (where
         | each parking space can accomodate only one car), but this
         | report from 2020[0] seems to indicate that LA has more than
         | enough housing to accomodate its residents, it's just
         | distributed unoptimally.
         | 
         | It seems somewhat obvious that you may need more parking spaces
         | than cars since they move to different places throughout the
         | day.
         | 
         | [0]: https://www.acceinstitute.org/thevacancyreport
        
           | bluejekyll wrote:
           | > since they move to different places throughout the day.
           | 
           | The question people are asking is how can cities make it
           | easier both for people to live in them as well as move around
           | them without needing a car to do so. By removing parking
           | minimums, it implies that people will have a harder time
           | driving, which will entice them to use other means to get
           | around. But, the big issue is that cities also need to invest
           | in those other means of getting around. That means making
           | micro-mobility easier with protected infrastructure, more bus
           | service, more light-rail, etc. LA had a light rail service
           | until GM, Standard Oil, and Firestone Tire organized a shell
           | company to buy out the system and eventually tear it out.
           | They did the same thing to the Key System in the East Bay of
           | the Bay Area.
           | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_City_Lines
        
         | stetrain wrote:
         | The ratio that's the problem here is cars per person, not
         | directly parking spaces per car.
         | 
         | Now reducing parking spaces per car might put pressure to
         | reduce cars per person, or implement alternatives to allow
         | fewer cars per person, which would actually improve land usage.
        
         | adrr wrote:
         | Have you been to neighborhoods that don't have parking mandated
         | parking spots? Anything built in the 60s to 80s. Drive around
         | for 1/2 hour trying to find a parking spot every day, pay
         | hundreds/thousands of dollars a year in fines because you
         | forgot to move you car on street cleaning day. Repeat if you
         | work at place in these old neighborhoods, like Venice or West
         | LA where all the tech companies are located.
         | 
         | The issue isn't parking spots, the issue is that construction
         | has had 0 efficiency gains in the last 50 year. Its cheaper to
         | produce a car, grow food, produce computer chips, etc. Its not
         | cheaper to build a building or a parking structure. Make it
         | cheaper to build and it will solve house prices. And its not
         | raw materials that make it expensive. There is no automation.
         | We still pour concrete and frame buildings that same way we did
         | 50 years ago.
        
           | TylerE wrote:
           | It almost certainly DOES cost quite a bit less if you only
           | include the costs that would have been, in, say, 1950 - and
           | control for actually equivalent stuctures. Environmental
           | cleanup? Tectonic studies? Worker safety? What are those?
           | Does the 1950s deck even have an elevator? I bet it doesn't
           | have a modern bank of ADA compliant ones, security cameras
           | and lighting throughout, etc, etc, etc. How about lifespan?
           | 
           | I'm sure we could thrown up a hunk of concrete and rebar in
           | the middle of nowhere in area with no environmental regs real
           | cheap, especially if only care if it stands until the check
           | clears.
        
           | ryukafalz wrote:
           | > Have you been to neighborhoods that don't have parking
           | mandated parking spots?
           | 
           | I have, I've lived in such a place. I walked to work, about
           | half an hour each way. It was quite pleasant.
        
           | stetrain wrote:
           | Driving and parking my car in a place that was designed in a
           | world where not every household had 2+ cars to drive and park
           | is annoying!
           | 
           | To fix this we should bulldoze things and build more room for
           | my car!
           | 
           | I have to be able to park my car! What else could I possibly
           | do instead?!
        
       | up2isomorphism wrote:
       | Before you abolish an old infra you need to build new ones,
       | however, since US politicians can get away with not building
       | anything, so they opt for abolishing old infra as their credit
       | for the next move, and as a consequence people suffer with lower
       | and lower quality of life.
       | 
       | BTW, I lived in China and Europe for many years and exclusively
       | ride bicycles for a long time, it was not the same experience. If
       | you believe what current US politician is getting you one step
       | closer to that, you are just deluding yourself.
        
       | tmaly wrote:
       | Cities obviously cannot or do not build housing.
       | 
       | Given that, beyond say SimCity, has anyone developed simulations
       | of how these new regulations / incentives would actually affect
       | housing?
        
         | everforward wrote:
         | This seems like something where the outcome of the simulation
         | is dramatically influenced by the starting assumptions to the
         | degree that the results are useless.
         | 
         | It allows plots of land to be smaller, but is the extra space
         | taken up by housing or businesses? Is the housing single family
         | or high density? How do wider economic trends interact with
         | developers' interest in building/not building? I would think
         | interest rates interact with developers' willingness to build
         | and what they want to build.
         | 
         | Those factors feel very subjective to me.
         | 
         | Not to mention that if a model existed that could accurately
         | predict this, I would eat my hat if the model wasn't
         | immediately bought out by a fintech firm for some absurdly
         | large sum. Being able to accurately predict the housing market
         | is a blank check for printing money.
        
         | c0nfused wrote:
         | The city I live in added "transit oriented development" a few
         | years back along with a bus rapid transit along the same area.
         | 
         | The results appear to be a full bus, the whole sale replacement
         | of one and 2 story buildings along the bus line and a general
         | consensus in the city that it worked pretty well.
         | 
         | We just approved ending parking minimums and by right auxiliary
         | housing units, read anyone can put in an apartment over their
         | garage, this summer so the jury is out on it as yet city wide.
        
         | unethical_ban wrote:
         | Come visit San Antonio or Denver and see the apartments built
         | in the past 10 years.
        
       | kleiba wrote:
       | Where I live, politicians are also all for reducing the
       | availability (amount + affordability) of city parking.
       | 
       | At the same time, they cry about city centers (with their
       | traditional shopping miles) dying out.
       | 
       | Go figure.
        
         | floatrock wrote:
         | A traditional shopping mall won't die out. A post-1950s
         | suburban-experiment strip mall might be affected.
         | 
         | You can't get rid of parking on its own. If there's plenty of
         | mixed-use development around so people can walk/bike/transit to
         | their destination, then things will be fine. If you're getting
         | rid of parking AND the nearest residence is a mile away AND the
         | only way to get around is by car AND you're not building
         | anything new, then yes, it's silly.
        
         | kjkjadksj wrote:
         | Mostly because good transit implementation is so expensive only
         | like a half dozen cities in the US are financially capable of
         | building new rail transit or hiring a lot more bus operators.
         | Also the fact bike lane projects in this country are seemingly
         | done like a half mile at a time to the lowest standards, rather
         | than a one shot whole network wide rollout of lanes that would
         | make suburbanites feel safe to bike to errands. A robust bike
         | network seems difficult only if you forget its just a matter of
         | how you put paint on a road thats probably already regularly
         | budgeted in routine road surfacing work, over having to spend
         | real money and actually expand budgets. This all goes to show
         | how timid politicians have become in recent years towards
         | stepping off into the unknown and actually diverging from the
         | status quo.
        
           | QuercusMax wrote:
           | Compared to adding more lanes for cars, buying/leasing buses
           | and hiring drivers has gotta be way cheaper. Road
           | construction is expensive, especially if you have to get
           | additional space in the right-of-way.
        
       | thelastgallon wrote:
       | Lot of comments on building public transit first, before removing
       | parking minimums. Public transit takes forever to build and its
       | impossible to build usable transit with suburban sprawl. Usable
       | transit --> reach destination in a reasonable time.
       | 
       | Instead of public transit, cities should encourage Uber/Lyft. Car
       | payments + insurance + gas + repairs/maintenance + parking might
       | be close to $800 - $1000/month for most people. Thats probably
       | just the amount that works for ditching car and just use Uber.
        
         | Moldoteck wrote:
         | Public transit can be built fast. Replacing ppls cars with uber
         | is nonsense: most trips are when ppl go to work and to home, so
         | at peak hours all ppl need cars, so you need abt the same nr of
         | cars with uber just like with personal cars, you don't solve
         | congestion. That's why public transport wins, you get one unit
         | to transport a lot of ppl, that's why uber/lyft are total bs
         | for replacing good transit. There's no way you'll get faster to
         | the destination if all ppl used uber vs a good built tram
         | system, each tram with 7 wagons, 5 mins max between stops,
         | priority at semaphores+dedicated lanes, the capacity is
         | basically unbeatable by cars, it's just math and physics
        
         | hightrix wrote:
         | I own my car outright. I do my own oil changes and other minor
         | maintenance. My only consistent cost is gas.
         | 
         | No way in hell could you get me to agree to give up my car and
         | use rentals/Uber/Lyft for everything. As a home owner, Uber and
         | Lyft would fit my need about 50% of the time, maybe less, as I
         | can't run to Home Depot to pick up a load of rock/mulch/etc in
         | an Uber. Sure, I could rent one of their trucks, but now I'm
         | paying for an Uber both ways, and the rental truck, just to do
         | a quick run to Home Depot.
         | 
         | I understand this may work for people in densely populated
         | areas. But for the vast majority of everyone in the US, this
         | would not be possible.
        
       | shadowgovt wrote:
       | I yearn for American cities to discover what London has.
       | 
       | The city's mass-transit is _intensely_ effective, and if you have
       | to grab a car from point A to point B, there 's never a taxi far
       | away. It turns out if you don't have parking, a professional
       | driver class can afford to make a living on being ever-moving
       | luxury transit for people (and I bet most cities can rought-out a
       | mass transit solution with a clever combination of buses and
       | closing roads to cars / replacing them with delivery-only vehicle
       | access, otherwise open-walkable).
        
       | swalling wrote:
       | This isn't really a new trend, Texas is just a laggard because it
       | is an unusually car-dependent state. Most major cities have been
       | trending toward eliminating parking minimums, at least in
       | downtown cores.
       | 
       | Here's a map from 2015:
       | https://www.strongtowns.org/journal/2015/11/18/a-map-of-citi...
       | 
       | And one updated as of 2021:
       | https://parkingreform.org/resources/mandates-map/
        
         | aegypti wrote:
         | > _Austin is the biggest city in the country to eliminate its
         | parking mandates citywide_
         | 
         | > _Austin removed parking requirements for its downtown area a
         | decade ago_
         | 
         | Here's an article from 2024 :)
         | https://www.npr.org/2024/01/02/1221366173/u-s-cities-drop-pa...
        
           | swalling wrote:
           | That article is technically true but misleading. Most of
           | Manhattan eliminated parking minimums back in 1982. Seattle
           | eliminated or reduced minimums anywhere close to transit back
           | in 2012. The entire state of Oregon eliminated parking
           | minimums and single family zoning last year.
        
       | Kon-Peki wrote:
       | Parking minimums are a nanny-state interference in free markets.
       | It's no wonder Republicans hate them so much /s
        
       | electrodeyt wrote:
       | Took them long enough
        
       | lukas099 wrote:
       | I vote we ban all free public parking and let the free market
       | determine how much parking there is and where.
        
         | rcpt wrote:
         | Best and least popular thing we could do for our cities.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | If you let the free market decide the answer will be "a lot"
         | and "everywhere there's business that want customers from
         | outside walking distance" and "everywhere there's apartments
         | and houses that don't have garages."
         | 
         | Parking minimums are one of those things that are a huge PITA
         | when you hit edge cases but when you go to city council
         | meetings residents and business owners ask for more and cheaper
         | parking because it draws in business and keeps street parking
         | available for residents.
         | 
         | You can't remove parking in isolation, I genuinely wish you
         | could. You have to fix the reason people want it in the first
         | place. And high density public transportation is unfortunately
         | a double-edged sword because it means you need a government
         | blessing to make an area a new hot spot and drives business and
         | residential rents way up in the spots people can get to easily.
        
         | chinchilla2020 wrote:
         | The free market will reward massive retailers with lots of
         | parking space that exist in the suburbs. There is no pre-
         | existing infrastructure to bring customers to these parking-
         | free locations in most cities.
         | 
         | Furthermore, semi-urban neighborhoods and alleys will enter a
         | battlefield between tow trucks and illegally parked cars.
        
       | ZoomerCretin wrote:
       | I'm surprised no one has mentioned the most important improvement
       | from eliminating parking minimums:
       | 
       | https://www.planetizen.com/news/2023/11/126192-parking-refor...
       | 
       | Parking spaces are outrageously expensive. By allowing housing to
       | be built without far more parking than is needed, the cost of
       | rent is lower by _several hundred dollars_ (read: $200-$1000) a
       | month because of how expensive land is, and how much land /space
       | is required for cars.
        
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