[HN Gopher] Possible Meissner effect near room temperature: copp...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Possible Meissner effect near room temperature: copper-substituted
       lead apatite
        
       Author : zaikunzhang
       Score  : 517 points
       Date   : 2024-01-03 13:19 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (arxiv.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (arxiv.org)
        
       | MadnessASAP wrote:
       | So they've possibly discovered a material wlthat may have a
       | property that could be indicative of superconductivity at room
       | temperature? It's a shame I don't have any popcorn handy.
       | 
       | I do however appreciate their dedication to not putting the word
       | superconductor in the title.
        
         | AnimalMuppet wrote:
         | Well, it's an Arxiv paper. Arxiv is perhaps not the best
         | environment for clickbait headlines.
        
         | highwaylights wrote:
         | Give the cesspit formerly known as Twitter a couple of hours
         | and they'll be breaking out the laser eyes again, buzzword in
         | the paper or not.
        
           | checker659 wrote:
           | AI bros can context switch to superconduction must faster
           | than that.
        
           | yinser wrote:
           | I know it looks silly but what was wrong with being
           | optimistic about what would be the biggest physical discovery
           | since the transistor? Acting like an expert when you're not
           | is something that I'd say happens on HN just as often as on
           | Twitter. Learn to let it go
        
             | j_maffe wrote:
             | There's difference between raising hope and raising hype.
             | Those Twitter gurus ride on any wave convincing of people
             | of whatever they can just to get more traffic. It's mostly
             | harmless until you find people obsessing over updates and
             | start betting on it.
        
               | highwaylights wrote:
               | This - these aren't hopeful people with a layman's
               | understanding cheering on the scientific method, they're
               | hype bros looking to gather gullible followers and shill
               | cryptocurrencies to them based on yet another thing
               | they're utterly clueless about and don't care to inform
               | themselves on.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | I love "They-ing" because if it's even lightly questioned
               | someone will jump in to explain they know They, and add
               | even more qualifiers. Ex. if we weren't on HN "tech bros"
               | and "AI hype" would start being invoked.
               | 
               | EDIT: I was wrong! On HN too!
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38854412
        
               | appplication wrote:
               | I don't think this is true. When I heard of LK-99, I
               | remember talking of my friends about it and we sort of
               | daydreamed about what it could mean for society if true.
               | None of us are on social media anymore (except HN if you
               | count that).
               | 
               | Sometimes you just get excited, or want to be excited.
               | Otherwise it's back to wake up, work, eat dinner, sleep.
               | When cool stuff seems to be happening, why wouldn't we
               | talk about it? Even if it ends up being a dud, it's still
               | something to talk about out.
        
               | thepasswordis wrote:
               | Those "twitter gurus" were actively trying to recreate
               | the paper, and a lot of those "twitter gurus" are actual
               | founders doing actual hardtech startups with relevant
               | degrees and labs.
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | You know you can block and mute people on Twitter, right?
               | The actual true grifters of the kind you are talking
               | about are pretty rare in terms of a per user basis
               | (though get get lots of distribution), and most of them
               | are very bad at concealing themselves.
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | People will bet on _literally anything_. That 's their
               | own problem, not mine.
        
           | throwawaymaths wrote:
           | That's way better than people dunking on lk-99 in the name of
           | "science", quick to judge themselves while criticizing early
           | results as too quick to judge
        
           | plorg wrote:
           | HN was absolutely choked with the same sort of would-be
           | experts, reading the Wikipedia page for Superconductors and
           | trying to post their way into a position of authoritative
           | knowledge. Certainly there are more on Twitter as a
           | consequence of the larger use base, but those two weeks
           | involved some of the most unhinged hype-posting I've seen in
           | the decade I've been following HN.
        
         | ummonk wrote:
         | Looks like they have observed what they can only explain as
         | apparent superconductivity, but consistent with the Sagan
         | principle are being rather cautious with how they report it.
        
           | sanxiyn wrote:
           | You know what, one of the authors wrote pretty much the same
           | elsewhere.
           | 
           | Ke Yi Zhe Yang Li Jie : Ren Lei Huan Mei You Yi Qi Neng Ce
           | Dao Li Lun Yan Ge Yi Yi Shang De Mai Si Na , Suo Yi Jia
           | possibleShi Chu Yu Dui Zi Ran Fu Za Xing De Jing Wei .
           | (Translation: It can be understood this way: humans do not
           | yet have instruments that can measure Meissner in the strict
           | sense of the theory, so adding possible is out of awe of the
           | complexity of nature.)
           | 
           | Source: https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/675576020
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | I'm not holding my breath for room temperature semiconductors
         | anymore. I've gotten excited too many times. If they come,
         | great. If they don't, no emotional investment here.
         | 
         | What interested me with this line of research is that it seems
         | like even if they are completely wrong about it being
         | superconductive, it looked like they might be on to some novel
         | electromagnetic effects, which while not as exciting as hover
         | trains or long haul EVs, might mean punctuated improvements in
         | more mundane items.
        
       | jonathan_oberg wrote:
       | Ice broke last year ... this may not be the one, nor maybe the
       | next dozen materials but seems like we are on the right glide
       | path now.
       | 
       | <crosses fingers>
        
         | yreg wrote:
         | > seems like we are on the right glide path now
         | 
         | In what sense? Public interest? LK-99 wasn't an incremental
         | step toward room temp superconductivity, was it?
        
           | sureglymop wrote:
           | Public interest and popularity are not bad though. Raised
           | interest, more funding etc. can all be good things and
           | accelerate this research.
        
             | yreg wrote:
             | I'm not saying it is, but I wouldn't say that previously we
             | weren't on the right path to that discovery and now, thanks
             | to public interest, we are.
        
           | phkahler wrote:
           | >> In what sense? Public interest? LK-99 wasn't an
           | incremental step toward room temp superconductivity, was it?
           | 
           | It was an incremental step toward this material. It also had
           | some interesting properties at higher temperatures even if
           | superconductivity wasn't one of them. It seemed really
           | strange to me that LK99 was tossed aside so quickly. It got
           | discredited faster than cold fusion, which is still lingering
           | today under different names BTW.
        
             | yreg wrote:
             | > It was an incremental step toward this material.
             | 
             | Could you please explain how?
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | this material is very similar to lk99, nobody would be
               | studying it if not for the lk99 hubbub
        
               | tux3 wrote:
               | Right. Going back to the original message though, this
               | doesn't say anything about whether or not this is the
               | right path.
               | 
               | It's definitely a path.
        
               | once_inc wrote:
               | If this material exhibits the properties that the authors
               | claim, then it most definitely is a massive step in the
               | right direction. If so, the material can be applied in a
               | significantly large number of settings at much lower
               | upkeep costs. It can also lead us to another set of
               | materials that might exhibit these properties at
               | 20c/1atm.
        
             | opello wrote:
             | This is exactly why I'm still excited about all of this
             | material science that I only appreciate from afar.
        
             | jcranmer wrote:
             | > It seemed really strange to me that LK99 was tossed aside
             | so quickly.
             | 
             | My understanding is that room-temperature superconductor
             | claims come out on average every six months or so. So the
             | impressive thing is that LK99 was tossed aside so quickly,
             | but that it was treated as seriously as it was for as long
             | as it was.
        
       | admissionsguy wrote:
       | This stuff is so 2023
        
         | h0l0cube wrote:
         | Counterpoint: Imagine this line of inquiry that the west has
         | given up on lands China the breakthrough of the century? Given
         | the way the US and EU are conspiring to withhold key chip fab
         | tech, it would be absolutely hilarious if China covertly
         | discovered room temperature superconductivity and the
         | government withholds it as a domestic advantage; blowing away
         | AWS and Microsoft's compute offering with something orders of
         | magnitudes faster and reverse the tech playing field.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | If China discovers this, publishes papers on it, and patents
           | it, you can be 100% sure that the west will just ignore any
           | patents and fabricate it themselves.
        
             | h0l0cube wrote:
             | Keyword was 'covertly'. As in withheld from publication and
             | controlled by the government
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | Possible, but many of the economic benefits would be lost
               | if you needed to do it covertly.
               | 
               | Can't exactly have room temperature superconducting
               | monorails all over the nation without someone questioning
               | exactly how you have room temp superconductors and nobody
               | else does...
        
               | h0l0cube wrote:
               | I'm fancying that a centrally managed economy might be
               | able to do this, where a democratic capitalist economy
               | may not. But I agree it's a bit of a leap
        
           | admissionsguy wrote:
           | I am really relaxed about the US primacy in tech. It has all
           | the systemic advantages and no fluke discovery would change
           | that.
           | 
           | I am also quite relaxed about this preprint. As far as I am
           | concerned the issues pointed out in this post on an actual
           | physics forums with regards to the famous LK-99 preprint
           | still stand with regards to this new paper:
           | 
           | https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/room-temperature-
           | super...
        
             | h0l0cube wrote:
             | I wasn't talking specifically about this paper. If there's
             | some merit to this line of inquiry, and it yields something
             | revolutionary, I think the Chinese government would be
             | foolish not to turn it into leverage. Especially given the
             | recent adversarial climate in trade relations and access to
             | advanced equipment
        
               | admissionsguy wrote:
               | Any technology will have a very long way from the initial
               | discovery to widespread application. A swarm of tinkering
               | US startups will beat any Chinese megaproject. You
               | propose that it is developed covertly to such an extend
               | that it becomes a game changer that disrupts the current
               | power balance before the US realises. I strongly
               | disbelieve that such things can happen outside of
               | fiction. For example, Manhattan project was known to the
               | Soviets very early.
        
               | hobs wrote:
               | Startups dont do massive infrastructure investment. The
               | Manhattan project was not a startup, but one of the most
               | expensive things the US government ever did.
        
               | h0l0cube wrote:
               | You could be right, but it's hard to know how history
               | would play out if a 'new cold war' with China started
               | today, and with such a unique technological asymmetry (as
               | room temperature superconductivity), and with a country
               | that has a great deal more technical capability, self-
               | sufficiency, and scruples than the former USSR.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | The thing that brings China all those boons is that they
               | make and sell things to the rest of the world.
               | 
               | Absent free trade, their advantages dwindle.
               | 
               | So the current "just shy of declared adversarial
               | relationships" is optimum for them. Pushed further, say
               | by retaining exclusive access to a game changing
               | technology, and they start losing trade relationships
               | (arguably, already have as manufacturing reallocated to
               | SE Asia).
        
               | h0l0cube wrote:
               | The trade war between the US and China (and the
               | precipitating outcones) were instigated by the US. The
               | withholding of ASML lithography equipment is a case in
               | point.
               | 
               | That said, in spite of tarrifs from the west, China still
               | has plenty of skin in the game, and the hypothetical
               | suggests that trade would still be open enough for China
               | to profit
        
               | SkyMarshal wrote:
               | _> The trade war between the US and China (and the
               | precipitating outcones) were instigated by the US._
               | 
               | That's very arguable when it was the US who led the world
               | in opening up to China in the 90s/early 2000s, opening
               | its markets to China, bringing China into the WTO, etc.
               | (all at great cost to middle class Americans). China was
               | an economic basket case and incapable of developing on
               | its own. No country in history has been more generous to
               | another.
               | 
               | And what did the US get in return? Currency manipulation,
               | large scale economic espionage and mercantilist behavior,
               | protectionism of Chinese markets and industries,
               | fentanyl, militarization of South China Sea and bullying
               | the countries there, largest and fastest military buildup
               | since 1930s Germany, supporting Russia vs Ukraine,
               | threatening war over Taiwan, etc. "Unrestricted warfare".
               | 
               | The US didn't cause China to do any of that, that was all
               | the CCP's decision. Responses like economic
               | derisking/decoupling (aka trade war) are completely
               | legitimate and unsurprising.
        
               | p_j_w wrote:
               | >it was the US who led the world in opening up to China
               | in the 90s/early 2000s, opening its markets to China,
               | bringing China into the WTO, etc. (all at great cost to
               | middle class Americans). China was an economic basket
               | case and incapable of developing on its own. No country
               | in history has been more generous to another.
               | 
               | This is hilarious revisionism. We didn't do any of that
               | out of generosity, we did it for profit. We saw a huge
               | pool of cheap labor and decided we wanted to let our
               | companies exploit that. We rubbed our hands together and
               | grinned while selling them the proverbial rope.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | Lifting half a billion+ people out of poverty and
               | enabling a country to modernize seems like a decent
               | outcome.
               | 
               | Regardless of the motivations and machinations on either
               | government's part.
        
               | SkyMarshal wrote:
               | If by "we" you mean the 1% of bankers and corporate
               | executives who are the primary beneficiaries of
               | drastically increased profit margins from outsourcing
               | production to countries with no labor or environmental
               | protections, then yes "we" did it for profit.
               | 
               | But if by "we" you mean the large portion of the US
               | middle class whose financial security and upward mobility
               | was obliterated, then no "we" did not do it for profit
               | and were extremely generous, sacrificial even, in lifting
               | hundreds of millions of Chinese out of poverty when the
               | CCP was unable to do that on their own.
               | 
               | It's not like this is any surprise, Ross Perot was even
               | explicitly warning about it back in 1992:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W3LvZAZ-HV4
        
               | aragonite wrote:
               | > That's very arguable when it was the US who led the
               | world in opening up to China in the 90s/early 2000s,
               | opening its markets to China, bringing China into the
               | WTO, etc. (all at great cost to middle class Americans).
               | China was an economic basket case and incapable of
               | developing on its own. No country in history has been
               | more generous to another.
               | 
               | I'm intrigued by the metrics you're using to conclude
               | that the US has been _more_ generous towards China than
               | it has been towards, say, Israel or even Mexico, as a
               | matter of state policy. Especially considering that US
               | placed China under trade embargo and singlehandedly
               | denied it UN representation for 20+ years.
               | 
               | The actions you are describing as representing a
               | historically unprecedented level of generosity seems
               | essentially to boil done to US agreeing to maintain
               | normal trade relations with China, similar to those it
               | has with nearly every other country. Worth noting that
               | the US extends Most Favored Nation (MFN) status to _all_
               | its trading partners -- it 's not some exclusive or rare
               | privilege as its name might suggest but a standard
               | practice in international trade.
        
               | SkyMarshal wrote:
               | _> than it has been towards, say, Israel or even Mexico,_
               | 
               | Partly due to what it cost the US public. Free trade with
               | smaller countries hurts less than one-sided free trade
               | with a protectionist mercantilist country 4x your
               | population. (one-sided due to required joint ventures,
               | unilateral bans on US social media, currency
               | manipulation, among others)
               | 
               |  _> and singlehandedly denied it UN representation for
               | 20+ years._
               | 
               | To be pedantic, the US didn't deny China representation
               | for 20+ years, just the CCP. The ROC was a founding
               | member of the UN and permanent Security Council member.
               | US just opposed the CCP replacing it until 1971. Given
               | the instability of CCP regime during that time - famine,
               | Cultural Revolution - that wasn't an unreasonable
               | position.
               | 
               |  _> similar to those it has with nearly every other
               | country._
               | 
               | Except the Communist bloc countries, USSR, Cuba, etc.
               | Extending MFN to China while they were still Communist
               | was unprecedented.
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | Absent free trade, China still has all the experience and
               | expertise they have acquired up until now.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | To sell to whom?
               | 
               | Afaik, their domestic middle class market isn't nearby
               | big enough to singlehandedly fuel their economy.
               | 
               | And they'll economically-politically run up against the
               | "middle class wants things like political power and
               | freedom" if they try to balloon that class too quickly.
        
               | lupusreal wrote:
               | Sell? In the event that China is cut off from global
               | trade, we're most likely talking about the lead up to a
               | major war.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | If we're talking about total war, those are uncharted
               | waters.
               | 
               | Losing Taiwanese, Korean, Australian, and EU specialty
               | and raw material imports would hurt. A lot.
               | 
               | Goodbye substantial amounts of integrated circuits, oil,
               | and iron and copper ore.
               | 
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_largest_tradi
               | ng_... https://wits.worldbank.org/CountryProfile/en/Count
               | ry/CHN/Yea...
        
               | robocat wrote:
               | > A swarm of tinkering US startups will beat any Chinese
               | megaproject.
               | 
               | I like your fervent almost religious belief in the US. Is
               | it reality? What boundaries: software, environmental.
               | 
               | Shenzhen felt like the most capitalist place I have ever
               | been. It didn't seem to have big boy VC capital. However
               | every single person seemed to be running a small
               | capitalist business.
               | 
               | Want to see a swarm of businesses? Let one small business
               | in Shenzhen be seen to make a profit, and watch how many
               | competitors and supply chain businesses pop up and how
               | quickly. I don't know if it is a no/low beaurocracy zone
               | but I am guessing they don't have to worry too much about
               | IP roadblocks. I imagine the biggest problem is too much
               | competition?
               | 
               | I suspect young adults grok capitalism better there
               | because as children they were embedded in the culture of
               | endeavour, unlike westernized countries.
               | 
               | I wasn't there for long enough, but would love to hear
               | what others think of business startup in Shenzhen.
        
             | themerone wrote:
             | China has one big advance over the US. A government willing
             | to throw unlimited funds and specific science or
             | engineering problems.
             | 
             | To get that kind of commitment you the strong backing of
             | senators from a dozen different states. It rarely happens
             | in non military projects, and when it does it's a
             | boondoggle. Look to the SLS project, $12 billion spent to
             | recycle space shuttle engines from the 70s and 80s.
        
               | azan_ wrote:
               | And do they actually solve more science or engineering
               | problems than US?
        
               | LargeTomato wrote:
               | Not yet but the US has a big head start. The gap is
               | closing every day.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | I'd argue it helps them more with engineering and
               | manufacturing/building problems than science ones.
               | 
               | The latter, under any government type, don't have a great
               | track record of massive government investment
               | accelerating progress.
               | 
               | Proof of concept level grants, sure! But it doesn't seem
               | to scale past that. IMHO, a free market is a better GTM-
               | stage+ capital allocator.
        
               | btown wrote:
               | It's worth noting that, at least on the electronics
               | manufacturing side (which is indeed what we're talking
               | about here) the undeniable success story of TSMC was very
               | much a government-led capital structure from the
               | beginning: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TSMC#History
               | 
               | Government can often be a failure-prone capital
               | allocator, but it can also result in improved alignment
               | when an entire industry with wide socioeconomic
               | implications is about to be born.
        
               | ethbr1 wrote:
               | TSMC, Korean chaebols, Japanese corporations.
               | 
               | But I'd still hazard the exception rather than the rule,
               | globally.
        
               | Seanambers wrote:
               | What you are describing is basically subsidies. Taiwan
               | lowered the capital cost of TSMC thus made them more
               | competitive than their competitors.
               | 
               | The Chinese did much of the same with their tech sector
               | especially Huawei if I remember correctly with gigantic
               | tax breaks and cheap financing.
        
               | hyperbovine wrote:
               | If you count emigres, hell yes.
        
             | hn8305823 wrote:
             | > I am really relaxed about the US primacy in tech
             | 
             | "Resting on your laurels" always ends badly.
             | 
             | > It has all the systemic advantages
             | 
             | Then let's take full advantage of them. We must remain
             | extremely hungry for science/tech progress/breakthroughs or
             | we _will_ eventually get run over.
        
               | h0l0cube wrote:
               | > "Resting on your laurels" always ends badly.
               | 
               | And history is littered with examples of technological
               | disruption ending empires
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | Name some examples.
        
               | 0xf00ff00f wrote:
               | Byzantine Empire? Lasted over a thousand years, fell to
               | the Ottoman cannons.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | I agree with you - but there are counter examples.
               | 
               | Germany made some amazing developments that were superior
               | to allied tech, and they didn't win.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | By the time the Ottomans took Constantinople, the
               | Byzantine Empire had been in decline for centuries
               | already. The crusaders and Venetians took Constantinople
               | 200 years previously, and while the Byzantines eventually
               | recaptured it, that was still an ultimately fatal blow.
               | And even that blow was only possible because Venice had
               | been allowed to drift out of the Byzantine sphere of
               | influence.
        
               | sterlind wrote:
               | the Spanish using guns and horses to topple the Aztec
               | empire? and smallpox, but the guns and horses helped.
        
               | philwelch wrote:
               | The Aztecs were toppled because they had alienated all of
               | their neighbors and vassal states. The main thing the
               | Spanish did was to organize everyone against the Aztecs.
               | They had guns and horses, sure, but not nearly enough to
               | singlehandedly make a difference on the battlefield.
        
               | whimsicalism wrote:
               | Fundamentally, we are not an empire - we are a republic.
               | Feel like that has gotten lost in the noise recently.
        
             | whimsicalism wrote:
             | The number one most systemic difference going forward is
             | population. China already has hundreds of millions living
             | the equivalent of a middle-class US lifestyle. That is a
             | massive prosperous population to draw scientists, etc.
             | from.
        
           | Nextgrid wrote:
           | I wonder how can you effectively withhold it? If you make
           | commercial products with it and sell them it's going to be
           | reverse-engineered.
           | 
           | It's only viable if it's exclusively used in military tech.
        
             | h0l0cube wrote:
             | You could offer a compute platform as a service. But I
             | agree the applicability of the tech is probably broader
             | than that.
        
           | andruby wrote:
           | It's an interesting thought experiment. I can entertain the
           | idea of a superconductor staying a secret in a military
           | environment, but I can't imagine it getting widescale
           | commercial use and staying a secret.
        
             | h0l0cube wrote:
             | Sure I think the idea fanciful, and I agree that keeping
             | the tech from leaking would be close to impossible, but if
             | the stakes were high enough, maybe a centrally governed and
             | authoritarian government like China could pull it off. It's
             | at least fun to think about.
        
               | PaulHoule wrote:
               | In this movie
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brainstorm_(1983_film)
               | 
               | a researcher builds a device that can record and play
               | back experiences which takes up most of a room, in a
               | meeting with his boss, he receives some secret microchips
               | made of a room temperature superconductor that he uses to
               | make headsets.
        
               | h0l0cube wrote:
               | Thank you for that. I had never encountered this film. I
               | think parallels could also be drawn to the (highly
               | underrated) Counterpart Series, where a researcher in
               | Berlin accidentally creates a portal to a parallel earth
               | and a cold war between the two world ensues.
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Counterpart_(TV_series)
        
               | pmayrgundter wrote:
               | Thank you. I was never able to find this again. Really
               | enjoyed it!
        
               | mindcrime wrote:
               | I only just got around to watching Brainstorm sometime
               | last year. It's far from a perfect movie, but definitely
               | worth watching.
        
             | tonetegeatinst wrote:
             | My understanding is that while you can reverse engineer
             | something like a new material via trial and effort plus
             | some basic lab analysis of samples.....stuff like chips are
             | a PITA to reverse engineer.
             | 
             | My understanding is that a major hurdle is just how tiny
             | everything is on modern chiplets. If I remember
             | right....someone managed to reverse engineer the Intel 8086
             | or the 8080....but my understanding is that our lithography
             | is so complex at this point you can't accurately reverse
             | engineer the physical chip layout. If one could reverse
             | engineer the physical layout and chemical layers...you
             | could probably use that information to reverse engineer the
             | photolithography mask and chemical etching step.
             | 
             | TLDR: we can't reverse those modern server CPU's ....we can
             | only learn via what the fan or the chiplet owner be it
             | Intel or and or apple decides to release regarding
             | architecture or chip layout.
        
               | troglodynellc wrote:
               | Back when I worked at TI we had a neat machine that used
               | X-Rays to map and reverse competitor chips (mostly to
               | discover they were duping ours). It would work down to
               | just short of a 10nm resolution.
               | 
               | You'd need to use gamma spectrography to map out more
               | modern chips. I'm sure someone's got the equipment
               | somewhere; the chip manufacturers themselves must verify
               | they got a good etch somehow.
        
           | tjpnz wrote:
           | You assume the US and EU would be starting at zero.
        
             | h0l0cube wrote:
             | It's a hypothetical I haven't really ruminated on. But I
             | suppose it would be a new cold war scenario with
             | superconductivity supremacy swapped out for nuclear first-
             | strike capability, and similar levels of espionage
        
           | fallingknife wrote:
           | Even if you had a room temp SC manufacturing chips out of it
           | would be a whole different issue. In fact we already have a
           | material that can be used to build chips that can be clocked
           | a couple OOM higher than silicon. It's just graphite. But
           | even with a well known material like that and decades to try,
           | the manufacturing capability still isn't there.
           | 
           | Agree with your overall point, though.
        
           | barryrandall wrote:
           | As someone whose every move is monitored by some of the most
           | well-funded, best-equipped, and ethically questionable
           | intelligence agencies his tax money can buy, I look forward
           | to seeing how long they can keep this secret.
        
             | graphe wrote:
             | It doesn't need to be secret, just obscure. Don't believe
             | the intelligence agencies are always intelligent or always
             | there to help you or their host countries. Shin bet and
             | their mishandling of Rabin and the recent October attacks
             | prove this, as well as the CIA's pointless declassified
             | wastes of money, often against American interests.
        
             | h0l0cube wrote:
             | I was making subtle reference to ASML withholding
             | lithography machines from China. One could ask why China is
             | yet to replicate their technology if know-how is so
             | permeable
        
           | criley2 wrote:
           | One would imagine that the west would then engage in China's
           | favorite playing field leveler: they'd steal the technology
           | by whatever means necessary.
        
             | h0l0cube wrote:
             | Probably. But you have to wonder if anything can be stolen
             | and replicated, why haven't China managed to duplicate
             | ASML's lithographic machines?
        
           | louthy wrote:
           | Just send Clint Eastwood in to steal it
        
           | eunos wrote:
           | Seeing China Watcher Cope and Seethe for entire year is
           | enough for me
        
         | highwaylights wrote:
         | I laughed quite a bit at this
        
         | moffkalast wrote:
         | Fool me once, shame on you. Fool me- can't get fooled again.
        
       | spacecity1971 wrote:
       | Great to see research continuing on this particular path.
        
       | matheweis wrote:
       | Wasn't LK-99 a copper doped lead apatite? Is this different?
        
         | sanxiyn wrote:
         | This is a derivative, with slightly different chemical formula
         | (namely, this includes sulfur, while LK-99 didn't).
        
           | kuschku wrote:
           | Though the original, supposedly superconducting LK-99 sample,
           | was produced in a way that caused it to be contaminated with
           | sulfur. So this might be why their sample acted the way it
           | did.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | If I am understanding correctly, this 'hysteresis' effect could
       | also be caused by tiny bits of iron contamination in the sample?
        
         | hwillis wrote:
         | Simple answer: no. Ferromagnetic hysteresis increases with
         | temperature, and the hysteresis here is stronger at lower
         | temperatures. The amount of hysteresis they see at low
         | temperatures is also too much to explain with undetected
         | contamination. Plus, the scientists posted a picture of them
         | fully floating a sample upside-down, which is pretty hard to
         | explain away.
         | 
         | Complex answer: Maybe. Copper sulfide does a lot of weird
         | things, and it's very easy to screw with ferromagnetism in
         | unexpected ways. It's totally possible there's a lot of iron in
         | this sample, and the huge incentive for room temperature
         | superconductors is a powerful temptation to slant your data...
         | or fabricate it entirely:
         | https://www.science.org/content/article/plagiarism-allegatio...
         | 
         | That's my alma mater :(
        
       | sanxiyn wrote:
       | Some background: there were two Chinese teams publicly pursuing
       | LK-99-derived room temperature superconductor, which I
       | arbitrarily named "north China team" and "south China team".
       | North China team was headed by Hongyang Wang (who lives in
       | Beijing) and south China team was headed by Yao Yao (who lives in
       | Guangzhou). They used different synthesis and different analysis,
       | i.e. north China team used hydrothermal synthesis and used SQUID
       | measurement, while south China team used solid state synthesis
       | and used EPR measurement.
       | 
       | This is a joint paper of both teams. They reproduced results of
       | each other (this is unclear in the paper, but stated in their
       | behind-the-scene posts) and measured a clear sign of
       | superconductivity. It is "near room temperature", because they
       | are sure about 250 K (hence "near"), but not sure about 300 K. As
       | for "possible", the behind-the-scene post makes it clear it is
       | false modesty.
       | 
       | If you are interested, you definitely want to read behind-the-
       | scene posts. Read them here:
       | https://www.zhihu.com/question/637763289 (they are in Chinese).
       | Hongyang Wang is Zhen Ke Ai Ai  and Yao Yao is Xi Zhi Xi .
        
         | bloopernova wrote:
         | How does 250 K compare to current[1] superconductors?
         | 
         | [1] pun definitely intended.
        
           | sanxiyn wrote:
           | 250 K at ambient pressure is still revolutionary, as it can
           | be reached by dry ice. The highest critical temperature at
           | ambient pressure had been something like 150 K: still above
           | boiling point of liquid nitrogen, and won Nobel Prize in
           | Physics in 1987.
        
             | VikingCoder wrote:
             | I grew up in Minnesota, and I have to laugh that 250 K is
             | -9.67 F, and yeah, we had a lot of days like that. It's
             | amazing to think that future childhood toys could be
             | superconducting outside on those cold Minnesota days.
        
               | rsaxvc wrote:
               | Ask your hometown to build an antigravity skating rink
               | with magnet shoes.
        
               | MobileVet wrote:
               | "Those boards don't work on water!"
        
               | 14 wrote:
               | I laugh but also sad I'm betting a lot of the younger HN
               | crowd doesn't get the reference.
        
               | sixothree wrote:
               | Movies of the 80s and 90s feel a lot more modern compared
               | to the "old movies" we had living in the 80s. Black and
               | white movies with cardboard acting sure felt quaint for
               | the tv generation.
               | 
               | Today though I'm constantly surprised by the number of
               | young people who recognize things from 80s movies and
               | especially music. I'd say that number is higher compared
               | to our generation.
        
               | Sanzig wrote:
               | The 80s and 90s produced a lot of movies that became pop
               | culture classics (Back to the Future among them).
               | 
               | Millenials and Gen Z grew up in an era with much easier
               | access to older media than previous generations. First
               | was the video store - while Gen X had this too, it really
               | took off in the 90s. I remember when I was a kid in the
               | late 90s and early 2000s, it was $5 to rent a new release
               | or 3 for $5 for old releases. This meant that we were
               | basically encouraged by our parents to watch older stuff,
               | and of course the fact that they lived through the 80s
               | themselves meant they tended to recommend movies to us
               | from that era.
               | 
               | Of course, after the video store came VOD services like
               | Netflix. Old movies are a great way to pad out a VOD
               | catalogue, so that increased the access to 80s/90s movies
               | even more.
               | 
               | It also doesn't hurt that, as you've pointed out, many of
               | these films still hold up pretty well today.
        
               | radicalbyte wrote:
               | We started to get a lot of the classic movies in the 70s
               | (Taxi Driver, Godfather, Star Wars, Halloween, Blazing
               | Saddles, Rocky, Alien, Clockwork Orange, Exorcist, Jaws,
               | Apocalypse Now just to name a few) and the 80s went
               | absolutely wild and - particularly - far more broad. The
               | kids films from the 80s didn't really exist before then
               | (outside of Disney).
               | 
               | In the 50s/60s there were less (but still some of per
               | personal faves) and the dominant genres (Westerns
               | particularly) have been out of fashion for at least 40
               | years now.
        
               | tempestn wrote:
               | Recently shared the bttf series with my 11yo. The third
               | doesn't hold up too well, but the first two are great.
               | The funny part was that she saw the 80s and the 50s as
               | basically the same.
        
               | phkahler wrote:
               | >> The funny part was that she saw the 80s and the 50s as
               | basically the same.
               | 
               | Is that because neither of them have any electronic
               | devices? They both have payphones and cars that don't
               | look like today?
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | I think it's an issue of the fact that they're both
               | "before my time". I treat the 20s and 50s as the same, I
               | wouldn't be able to tell you any difference, even though
               | they must be massively different.
        
               | tempestn wrote:
               | Yeah, they both just looked "old fashioned" to her.
               | Obviously she could pick out some differences, but when
               | they first went back to 1955, she didn't really notice
               | that the cars, outfits, signage, etc. were particularly
               | more dated than they had been in the 80s version.
        
               | highwaylights wrote:
               | Let's hope this paper doesn't just join the list of
               | broken promises we were made in the 80's
        
               | sbierwagen wrote:
               | It's easy enough to build a hoverboard with spinning
               | magnets over copper plate:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HSheVhmcYLA
               | 
               | As you can see, it's not actually that fun to ride. It
               | hovers in _every_ direction, like standing on an ice
               | cube. The reason ice skates and roller blades work is
               | they have low friction only along one dimension, so you
               | can still apply force to the ground along the normal
               | vector.
        
               | thebradbain wrote:
               | Lexus appears to have done something like that using
               | superconductors -
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhCcC2smGMI
               | 
               | https://discoverlexus.com/stories/journeys-beyond-the-
               | road/
        
               | billiam wrote:
               | I envision a future where maglev trains whisk you to ice
               | fishing.
        
             | Tade0 wrote:
             | Ice cream freezers reach 248K, so if it's really the case,
             | then sufficient devices are already mass produced.
        
               | peteradio wrote:
               | You'd have to clean out all the ice cream though.
        
               | babypuncher wrote:
               | Sounds like a delicious problem to solve.
        
               | tanseydavid wrote:
               | Happy to help with clearing out the Ice Cream...
        
             | hypercube33 wrote:
             | One would think with all of our crazy AI and supercomputers
             | and quantum computers that a team would give it
             | evolutionary goals of just trying simulations of molecular
             | combinations to reach superconductivity. Sure, it'd be one
             | thing to make it in a computer, and making the materials in
             | the real world is quite another but I'm kind of shocked no
             | one has come forward with something yet. I saw simulations
             | of whole viruses running on a cluster of computers where
             | they test drugs out and how they interact with the virus
             | and simulated human cells so one would think its something
             | with enough effort would be possible?
        
               | j_maffe wrote:
               | There's plenty of researchers working on material
               | simulation on a molecular level. It's not easy to just
               | search millions of possible combinations and accurately
               | predict their behavior
        
               | londons_explore wrote:
               | I believe that the fundamental physical particle
               | interactions are not yet well enough understood to make a
               | precise simulation, even if you had a supercomputer.
               | 
               | Ie. currently it can't be formulated as a search problem
               | entirely on a computer.
        
               | radarsat1 wrote:
               | Isn't the whole point that it's something we might not
               | predict from what we understand about the materials so
               | far? Why would it be likely that a simulation would do
               | better than theory at predicting unknown experimental
               | results?
               | 
               | You might hit on some interesting interactions between
               | known properties that haven't been investigated but I
               | would assume the real interesting results are from things
               | we just don't know to model, or how to model.
        
               | frostix wrote:
               | This is done across many disciplines to try and aide in
               | new discovery paths. Typically you're limited in exactly
               | what you can simulate and often times solution candidates
               | may be found that are impractical, currently impossible,
               | or perhaps actually impossible to produce. Sometimes you
               | can add search constraints to tie simulations together to
               | narrow down such false positive solutions found but not
               | always. Heck in some cases it's literally cheaper and
               | more accurate to do the bench science no matter how
               | alluring virtualized renditions may be.
               | 
               | Most fields are still left with piles and piles of
               | potential solutions to sort through. They often select
               | candidates that are the cheapest and most practical to
               | approach or they have high suspicion of success and
               | pursue those. At the end of the day though we don't have
               | full universe simulators at every scale we'd want, we
               | have very specific area simulators within very specific
               | bounds. You have to go out an empirically test these
               | things.
               | 
               | But this is and has already been going on for decades
               | across most disciplines I've interacted with, they just
               | weren't using DNN or LLMs at the time but domains are
               | adopting these as well to leverage where feasible in the
               | search process.
               | 
               | I work with a variety of people interested in leveraging
               | simulation and everyone wants to take the successes they
               | see in LLMs or say RL from AlphaStar or AlphaGo and apply
               | them in their domain. It's alluring, I get it, the issue
               | is that we often lack enough real understanding in
               | domains and the science isn't as airtight and people
               | think it is, its too general or narrow, or on some cases
               | we have good suspicion of how to build better more
               | accurate simulations but there's not enough compute power
               | or energy in the world to make them currently practical,
               | so we need to take some tradeoffs and live with less
               | accurate and detailed simulation which leads to
               | inaccurate representations of reality and ultimately
               | inaccurate solution suggestion candidates.
        
               | colechristensen wrote:
               | You far overestimate the state of the art, and even our
               | basic understanding of what superconducting is
               | mechanistically. Simulating a single atom, alone in the
               | universe is still a struggle not quite achieved.
        
               | hilbertseries wrote:
               | Quantum computers are still not useful, fwiw.
        
             | sheepscreek wrote:
             | The lowest temperature a freezer can achieve is typically
             | around -23 degrees Celsius (-9 degrees Fahrenheit).
        
               | billyjmc wrote:
               | To be clear, you mean a freezer meant to contain food.
               | Laboratory freezers can easily go lower without being
               | remotely exotic (in design or construction).
        
               | ahahahahah wrote:
               | So a normal freezer is already sufficient? 250K is about
               | -23 degrees celsius.
        
             | raverbashing wrote:
             | The joke used to go "Scientists in Alaska discover the
             | first room-temperature superconductor" but that works as
             | well
        
             | mort96 wrote:
             | Not only is 250 K achievable by dry ice; it's achievable
             | with a normal home freezer!
        
           | VikingCoder wrote:
           | Jokes like that are going to get a lot of resistance. Oh
           | well, time to amp it up.
           | 
           | Best chart I could find. Looks like there's another at 250 K
           | from 2019. But what I don't have here is the Temperature /
           | Pressure / Timeline, though...? What is the Pressure in the
           | article? Is it STP?
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconductivity#/media/File:.
           | ..
        
             | sanxiyn wrote:
             | The article is STP. 250 K from 2019 in the linked image is
             | "@ 170 GPa", as shown.
        
               | belter wrote:
               | That is 1,5 to 1,6 million times atmospheric
               | pressure...Slightly impractical?
        
               | ddlsmurf wrote:
               | Yes that would take a blow hard who is _very_ strong.
        
               | gorkish wrote:
               | Aye; it's in diamond-anvil territory there. Still
               | potentially useful, though there have been problems with
               | replicating this experiment as well.
        
               | m3kw9 wrote:
               | Was a joke, I didn't actually voted him down
        
           | belter wrote:
           | 250K is -23,15degC This post because, laziness is a
           | science...
        
         | Hugsun wrote:
         | What in the post is false modesty?
         | 
         | What is the pressures required for the effect? Are there other
         | requirements that limit it's practical usage.
        
         | nemo44x wrote:
         | So, we're back?
        
         | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
         | > As for "possible", the behind-the-scene post makes it clear
         | it is false modesty.
         | 
         | It's not false modesty to withhold a conclusion that is
         | unwarranted without more evidence. The last time this happened
         | there was also "possible Meissner effect" that turned out to be
         | diamagnetism.
         | 
         | There are no downsides to being conservative until more
         | evidence is acquired.
        
           | sigmoid10 wrote:
           | >There are no downsides to being conservative until more
           | evidence is acquired.
           | 
           | That's true, but one upside here is that this is not from the
           | guy at Rochester who already got burned twice for publishing
           | false superconductor discoveries. This is at least a report
           | that can't be dismissed immediately.
        
             | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
             | I don't know who you're referring to "from Rochester", but
             | the excitement from last summer around LK-99 came from two
             | South Korean researchers. Which, mind you, all turned out
             | to be faulty interpretation of their data.
             | 
             | To be clear, I don't mean to cast unnecessary shade on
             | these current results, I'm just saying the sane and prudent
             | thing to do, especially given LK-99's recent history, is to
             | hold off on any champagne popping, and that appropriate
             | restraint shouldn't be characterized as "false modesty".
        
               | godelski wrote:
               | > Which, mind you, all turned out to be faulty
               | interpretation of their data.
               | 
               | Which we should be critical of, but understandable, since
               | that's one of the main reasons to publish (and why I
               | think it is weird we say arxiv papers aren't peer
               | reviewed. That was probably one of the most peer reviewed
               | works in the last decade) and since we're all human.
               | Science is full of mistakes, and is unsurprising when a
               | lot of it is literally trying to do things that humans
               | have never done before (much more to science than this
               | too).
               | 
               | What I thought was really cool about LK-99 is that it
               | isn't too often that people get a first hand look at what
               | goes on inside the science communities. An abnormal
               | amount of attention and openness, but illustrative. Just
               | not sure this is the takeaway people got. But I saw
               | science working in action, and it was really cool.
        
               | floxy wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranga_P._Dias
        
               | wiz21c wrote:
               | Extraordinary claim should be backed by extraordinary
               | tests. So why do they publish if they're not 100%
               | confident ? Why not wait to be certain ?
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | > So why do they publish if they're not 100% confident ?
               | Why not wait to be certain ?
               | 
               | There are very good reasons to publish before one is
               | "100% certain". It can get lots of other scientists to
               | evaluate your information where they can try to reproduce
               | it or poke holes in your theories. It just makes sense to
               | do that with a tone of "We got some interesting
               | results..." as opposed to what happened in the summer
               | which was more like "We've made one of the biggest
               | discoveries of mankind!!!"
        
               | vlovich123 wrote:
               | Yeah, there's a very good argument I've read from
               | researchers that instead of papers we should be
               | publishing continuously what our results are to encourage
               | this early and often community interaction/feedback (ie
               | more like code reviews). The reason it doesn't happen is
               | publish/perish + needing to be first to publish (ie
               | someone taking your work and beating you to the punch and
               | getting all the credit).
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Getting other people to inspect your work sounds great
               | for you but it costs those people a time and money.
               | 
               | So, the incentives for misuse are really high and the net
               | result is that shortcutting the process is a net drag on
               | progress. People remember the bigs stuff like FTL
               | neutrinos, cold fusion, NK-99, etc but arguably this also
               | shows up as part of the 'reproducibility crisis' in many
               | fields.
        
               | WhitneyLand wrote:
               | It's not published, it's a pre-print on arxiv.
               | 
               | That's one of the purposes of arxiv is to allow others to
               | review or comment on the work.
        
           | godelski wrote:
           | > There are no downsides to being conservative until more
           | evidence is acquired.
           | 
           | There are, but I'd agree that there aren't downsides we
           | should be concerned with. The downside is that if you're
           | trying to publish the work that it can make it easier for the
           | work to be rejected. I'd agree this is dumb, but it is a
           | thing I've seen happen, and be not too uncommon. Just comes
           | down to metrics: academics are judged by citations and number
           | of papers published, thus papers are written to reviewers as
           | opposed to peers (not necessarily the same thing, but assumed
           | they are), also incentivizes flashy results to generate more
           | publicity, or overselling the novelty of work (sometimes even
           | by mistake). But otherwise I agree, and I think it should be
           | encouraged to take a more tempered approach (I think it'll
           | also really help build back social trust in sciences (again,
           | small part of a larger pie)).
        
         | gwern wrote:
         | This is LK-99 derived? Now I'm even less interested. Because if
         | you believe this one, you need to believe that despite LK-99
         | being bogus, that somehow, trying to make a new LK-99 variant
         | was lucky enough to find the one compound out of countless
         | attempts that winds up working - as opposed to coming out of a
         | completely different, still viable, line of research. Stranger
         | things have happened in the history of science & technology...
         | but not that many.
        
           | sanxiyn wrote:
           | Yes this is LK-99 derived. (See the paper's reference 4 and
           | 5.) Eh, of course it is unlikely LK-99 is bogus and this one
           | is not, but then the correct conclusion to draw is that LK-99
           | is not bogus?
        
             | gus_massa wrote:
             | Perhaps LK-99 is bogus, and they were triying to reproduce
             | the result, they failed succesfully and they got another
             | similar compound that is not bogus.
        
               | gfodor wrote:
               | That's possible but far less likely than the alternative
               | explanation that either this is bunk too or LK-99
               | contained signal that people dismissed due to a hole in
               | our methodology.
        
             | mort96 wrote:
             | Wait how are all the flaws in the paper and all the failed
             | reproductions of LK-99 and all the signs that LK-99 is just
             | diamagnetism compatible with LK-99 being a proper
             | superconductor?
        
           | bandyaboot wrote:
           | This would be a difficult to believe coincidence if
           | diamagnetism and superconductivity were unrelated physical
           | properties, but they are not.
        
             | scythe wrote:
             | The hard part is that people have already tried really hard
             | to make and measure a superconductor in the LK-99 system,
             | and these researchers have once again gotten close, but not
             | succeeded. There is some precedent for this: one of the
             | highest-temperature superconductors is two-dimensional iron
             | selenide supported on strontium titanate, which
             | superconducts at 100 K, while the bulk iron selenide
             | superconductivity is a measly 8 K at normal pressure (38 K
             | under pressure). At this point, the most plausible way that
             | superconductivity could be occurring in the LK-99 system is
             | if it's in a metastable or nanostructured (possibly two-
             | dimensional) phase that doesn't like to or can't exist as a
             | uniform bulk material.
        
         | dash2 wrote:
         | Translated with Safari, those posts are awesome:
         | 
         | "The first law of superconductivity: stay away from theoretical
         | physicists." What should I say, the rules are all used to be
         | broken?
         | 
         | I haven't been drunk for many years. Last Friday, I always
         | stayed there to test and kept sending me photos and live
         | broadcast the real-time measurement results. Every time I sent
         | one, I couldn't help drinking a drink. I was directly broken. I
         | was carried back by the students. It's embarrassing~~
        
         | wolfi1 wrote:
         | "possible" was also used in the Bednorz/Muller paper,
         | "possible" is therefore an established term
        
       | laserbeam wrote:
       | 1. Here we go again, right?
       | 
       | 2. Is this still a ceramic (therefore impossible to make into
       | wires), right?
        
         | 1970-01-01 wrote:
         | Stranded wire, yes. Rigid wire is possible. Think about it like
         | iron plumbing or rigid electrical conduit.
        
           | falcrist wrote:
           | I feel like we're just describing a narrow bus bar.
        
             | local_crmdgeon wrote:
             | Isn't that approximately a wire?
        
             | 1970-01-01 wrote:
             | Bars are a good guess, but the 3rd dimension should not
             | matter. We could manufacture thin tile as the conductor,
             | and PCB design would be done with superconducting Lego
             | bricks.
        
         | sanxiyn wrote:
         | Yes, it is a ceramic, but you CAN make cables out of it.
         | Commonwealth Fusion Systems did, SuperOx sells them (they have
         | deployed references), etc.
        
         | floxy wrote:
         | Second generation ceramic HTS is deposited in thin films on to
         | flexible tapes:
         | 
         | https://www.superpower-inc.com/Technology.aspx
         | 
         | (scroll down for image of tape bending):
         | 
         | https://www.fujikura.co.jp/eng/newsrelease/products/2061942_...
        
       | m3kw9 wrote:
       | Anyone feel this is going in circles?
        
         | yinser wrote:
         | To a non chemist it may look like it's going in circles. When
         | you're not solving a bug and writing debug statements and
         | throwing paint at the wall it looks like you're going in
         | circles. Everything is going in circles until it isn't. Be
         | optimistic!
        
           | causal wrote:
           | Exactly, just a long problem-solving loop.
        
         | limaoscarjuliet wrote:
         | ...and without any resistance! (sorry, could not stop myself)
        
         | zamalek wrote:
         | That's what functioning science looks like. Giving up the first
         | time round is a sure-fire way to guarantee that RTP
         | superconductors are _never_ found. How many non-functioning
         | light bulbs did Edison invent before he made the one that
         | worked?
        
         | gosub100 wrote:
         | I wish there was a journal that only published experiments that
         | _have_ been replicated. That would save so much time for many
         | of us who want to know what _is_ , and not what's _being
         | tried_.
        
           | shakezula wrote:
           | Replication is great but it's not the only way science learns
           | and it would be foolish to put that kind of limit on
           | publishing your work.
        
           | threeseed wrote:
           | You should just wait until the research has been
           | commercialised then.
           | 
           | That way your time is not being wasted and the rest of us can
           | continue to focus on disseminating knowledge as early and
           | often as possible.
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | > disseminating knowledge as early and often as possible.
             | 
             | "lie early, lie often", I mean, we have knowledge to
             | disseminate. Whether it's true or not? Who cares, Gotta get
             | grants for our department!
        
         | crakenzak wrote:
         | That sentiment is a normal side effect of having exposure to
         | the research process (because stuff is being published) instead
         | of just the outcome.
         | 
         | Also, remember that this just needs to work _once_ for our
         | world to completely change!
        
         | sylens wrote:
         | It's not a loop, it's a spiral
        
       | ziofill wrote:
       | 250K is -23C, or -9F, I.e. like a cold winter day. That's really
       | almost room temperature!
        
         | GeoAtreides wrote:
         | Compared with the working temperature of NMR magnets (4K)[1],
         | it _is_ room temperature! It's not STP (standard temperature
         | and pressure, 0C/1atm), yet, but maybe soon!
         | 
         | [1] https://www.indstate.edu/cas/chem_phys/filling-nmr-magnet
        
           | margalabargala wrote:
           | > It's not STP (standard temperature and pressure, 0C/1atm
           | 
           | Nit: STP is 20C/1atm, not 0C/1atm.
        
             | GeoAtreides wrote:
             | Nit's nit: depends on the defining body, IUPAC is 0C, NIST
             | is 20C (as per wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sta
             | ndard_temperature_and_press...
        
               | margalabargala wrote:
               | Huh, today I learned. In chem in college I was just
               | taught 20C.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | Now you're nistpicking.
        
         | RecycledEle wrote:
         | It depends on where you live.
         | 
         | Texas disagrees that -9 F is almost room temperature, though my
         | freezers get that cold sometimes.
        
           | goda90 wrote:
           | The fact that you have a relatively cheap, small and
           | efficient device in your home that reaches that temperature
           | is what makes -9F significant.
        
         | partomniscient wrote:
         | On a planet undergoing global warming.
        
           | itishappy wrote:
           | While it's a lot for the planet as a whole, 2 or so degrees
           | is trivial in these contexts. This discovery would raise the
           | available temperature range of high temperature
           | superconductors by 157 degrees K.
        
         | aqme28 wrote:
         | What's important is what you can use to cool it. Using helium
         | to cool traditional superconductors is expensive and bulky. If
         | we can cool superconductors with small Peltier coolers or your
         | traditional fridge setup, that's a huge advantage.
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | What encourages me on this is that we just need a single instance
       | to pan out. Just one. And I get the sense that we're getting
       | closer each year.
        
       | jmward01 wrote:
       | Until Anton Petrov does a video on this it isn't real.
        
         | hinkley wrote:
         | Hello wonderful people.
        
           | jmward01 wrote:
           | That line is like "Don't Panic". He sets a great tone for his
           | videos.
        
         | darklycan51 wrote:
         | He really has become my source to go for most science papers
         | lol, then after that its PBS guy and sometimes Sabine although
         | I don't usually go to her stuff for 100% accuracy or them
         | trying to at least
        
       | turing_complete wrote:
       | I want to believe. I really do.
        
         | ocschwar wrote:
         | The implications are so profound that any hint at this sort of
         | thing makes otherwise rational people go completely bonkers.
         | 
         | Myself included.
        
         | sergiotapia wrote:
         | Imagine humanity liberated to such lengths. Sickness, poverty,
         | energy, travel, entertainment - all for cheap and in abundance.
         | Pray this is real!
        
           | bmer wrote:
           | Yeah, no. That's not going to happen even if we discovered
           | room-temperature superconductors.
           | 
           | The simple reason is that few of humanity's "ills" have to do
           | with scarcity of anything but knowledge, motivation, and
           | kindness.
        
             | bordercases wrote:
             | Uncentralizable energy overproduction would help.
        
           | bongripper wrote:
           | There have been scientific breakthroughs throughout human
           | history and none of them "liberated" humanity in regards to
           | sickness, poverty, energy, travel, entertainment. Why should
           | this one now be different? There will always be sickness and
           | poverty in a capitalist system that is built on the
           | exploitation of others to sustain itself. During capitalism,
           | medical and technological advances such breakthroughs might
           | bring will always disproportionately benefit the rich.
           | Sickness, poverty at least could already be "solved
           | problems", as some people I think say, if not for class
           | injustice in a system that depends on inequality to function.
        
             | psychlops wrote:
             | You write as if there is any alternative to capitalism that
             | isn't far, far worse. It is truly the height of luxury to
             | throw stones at the system that enabled the current wealth
             | of the world.
        
             | fooker wrote:
             | It has.
             | 
             | Out modern standard of living is significantly better than
             | ..say.. 800 years ago purely because of industrialization.
        
             | troyvit wrote:
             | If you agree that we'll always be mortal then there will
             | always be sickness, etc., even without capitalism, and in
             | fact this breakthrough (if it is one) didn't originate in a
             | capitalist system.
             | 
             | With that in mind, liberation is a means, not an end. When
             | I think of it that way I see great progress. Here are 2
             | examples:
             | 
             | - Sickness: Fluoridation reduces enamel caries in adults by
             | 20%-40%. "Tooth loss is no longer considered
             | inevitable".[1]
             | 
             | - Poverty: The number of humans living in extreme poverty
             | has never been lower[2]
             | 
             | I could keep going but I think you get the point. I agree
             | that we have serious problems in the world, and many of
             | them are getting worse, but in terms of health and wealth,
             | humans as a whole have never had it better. Some of that
             | might actually be _due_ to capitalism, or at least
             | Democracy, which has a hard time existing without it.
             | 
             | [1] https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm4841a1.htm
             | 
             | [2] https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/world-population-in-
             | extre...
        
       | hakkikonu wrote:
       | here we go again
        
       | CatWChainsaw wrote:
       | Christ. 2024 really coming in hot, we get a 7.6 magnitude
       | earthquake on day 1, bombings killing over 100 people on day 2,
       | and this shit again on day 3.
        
         | jiggawatts wrote:
         | A key effect of exponential growth is that more things will
         | happen each year.
        
           | CatWChainsaw wrote:
           | Exponential curves usually prove to be sigmoid given enough
           | time, so at least we can hope for that.
        
       | codeulike wrote:
       | Its nice that all the major players seem to recognise that its
       | better to do this sort of science in the open.
        
       | isthispermanent wrote:
       | Why would the CCP allow this to get out of China? There's a huge
       | competitive advantage to keeping this type of discovery to
       | yourself.
        
         | changoplatanero wrote:
         | There's also a huge reputational advantage to be the first to
         | announce the discovery.
        
         | Eji1700 wrote:
         | While i'm still extremely skeptical there's anything to this,
         | especially with the total lack of professionalism in the
         | initial "discovery", I'm not sure something this big is within
         | their ability to control, at least if they're not right on the
         | cusp of it.
         | 
         | This kind of science is almost inherently international, and I
         | don't think they could possibly keep up "keeping quiet" all the
         | potential successes.
         | 
         | That said, if there was one, I do think they'd at least try and
         | fail.
        
         | kkzz99 wrote:
         | China filed more IP than rest of world combined in 2022. There
         | is no reason to keep it secret with IP-Laws and Patents.
         | https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202312/12/WS6577b803a31040ac...
        
           | ldjkfkdsjnv wrote:
           | 99% of these patents are bogus
        
         | earthnail wrote:
         | I don't think the CCP gets this stuff or its importance.
        
         | parl_match wrote:
         | It's actually really hard to keep discoveries like this secret
         | or restricted. The real value worth protecting often is how to
         | manufacture and mass produce.
         | 
         | The nuclear bomb is a perfect example: It's actually a very
         | simple mechanism, and the steps needed to refine the materials
         | and make the mechanism are extremely well documented. However,
         | the capability to actually reliably and safely make it is quite
         | difficult.
        
           | dgrin91 wrote:
           | Thats not really true about nukes. Some of the simple first
           | ones (namely the 'gun model') were simple enough that you can
           | just do it if you had the uranium (because the gun model is
           | literally just slap a bunch of uranium into itself), but the
           | efficiently & yield is low.
           | 
           | If you want a real nuke today - the thermonuclear fusion
           | bombs - you're going to be missing a lot of parts that aren't
           | in the public documents.
        
         | yongjik wrote:
         | If the CCP forbids such announcements, young ambitious Chinese
         | scientists will decide that they should get out as soon as they
         | have a chance, because otherwise they will never make
         | international fame. Consider what that would do to Chinese tech
         | in ten years.
        
         | carabiner wrote:
         | I think you mean CPC.
        
       | andrewp123 wrote:
       | Not this again.
        
       | roomey wrote:
       | Anyone got a link to a good forum tracking this?
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | Possibly SpaceBattles again, once the hype heats up:
         | 
         | https://forums.spacebattles.com/threads/claims-of-room-tempe...
         | 
         | I really should peruse oldschool forums more... HN and a few
         | subreddits are still nice, but most other social media feels
         | like manipulative filler.
        
       | penjelly wrote:
       | got a bit frenzied by the last superconductor drop, gonna sit
       | this one out
        
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