[HN Gopher] Elizabeth line testing ways of banishing its "ghosts...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Elizabeth line testing ways of banishing its "ghosts in the walls"
        
       Author : edward
       Score  : 125 points
       Date   : 2024-01-02 10:59 UTC (12 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.ianvisits.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.ianvisits.co.uk)
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Don't clean stuff... Just hide the dirt!
        
         | mgaunard wrote:
         | I would guess that the kind of plastic resin that's used for
         | the walls reacts with heat and can easily be permanently
         | marked.
        
           | SEMW wrote:
           | It's glass fibre reinforced concrete (GFRC). Very much doubt
           | it's heat-reactive, suspect it's just oil & dirt on a
           | somewhat porous surface (so cleaning properly is labour-
           | intensive, stickers are cheaper)
        
           | rswail wrote:
           | It is very very very unlikely that they would build an
           | underground pedestrian station that had walls that reacted to
           | heat, unless it was to absorb heat in case of fire.
           | 
           | I'd also think that plastic resins are not the best thing to
           | be reacting to heat.
        
         | donalhunt wrote:
         | Funnily, the same approach is often used for acoustic / noise
         | issues. Add music / other sources of sound to try and mask the
         | acoustics issue (unsuccessfully).
        
           | kozhevnikov wrote:
           | Isn't it the basis of active noise cancelling? It's pretty
           | successful.
        
             | Arnt wrote:
             | Yes and no. Active noise cancelling works well at a point
             | and against some common kinds of noise, but if you want to
             | act on a large area such as a tube station, active noise
             | cancelling won't work. Much better to introduce a bit of
             | white noise or music, that makes e.g. the clack-clack-clack
             | of footsteps on the stairs much less noticeable in the
             | wider area.
        
             | Tor3 wrote:
             | No, active noise cancelling isn't about masking noise with
             | sound, active noise cancelling takes the original noise and
             | mixes it back 180 degrees out of phase. The net result is
             | zero noise, when done perfectly. In practice it's almost
             | like that (for the frequencies covered by the noise
             | cancelling equipment - in an airplane it's like the
             | background noise just.. turns off. What's left is typically
             | people talking. It's easier to hear the flight attendants).
             | 
             | If instead it was by _adding_ sound then it would defy the
             | purpose. I use active noise cancelling because if I don 't
             | I'll hear a noise in my head for weeks after a long-haul
             | flight (I have tinnitus in one ear which makes it even
             | worse).
        
         | jm547ster wrote:
         | Reminds me of modern API layers bolted on top of crumbling
         | legacy systems
        
         | Arnt wrote:
         | A common approach. Many of us wear blue and black jeans, few
         | white.
         | 
         | The women who wear white tend to choose fabric that doesn't
         | stain easily, an approach TfL might have considered earlier.
        
         | monkey_monkey wrote:
         | No surprise you're taking the least charitable view possible.
         | 
         | Perhaps what they're doing is cleaning and then looking for a
         | way to mitigate the need for intensive future cleaning. Seems
         | sensible.
        
         | chilmers wrote:
         | Unfortunately, the material they chose for the station walls is
         | a sort of porous cement that is likely uncleanable.
        
           | Gare wrote:
           | Also hostile architecture - benches with no backrests.
        
             | sph wrote:
             | The wall is the backrest.
        
               | chilmers wrote:
               | Except the wall curves inward, which pushes your head,
               | neck and upper back forward. Having sat on them, it's
               | rather uncomfortable, and must be worse for people taller
               | than me. That said, I'm not convinced it's deliberately
               | hostile, I just think it's incompetent design, favouring
               | a minimalist style over functionality.
        
             | yardstick wrote:
             | The benches are designed to be used for on average 4-5mins,
             | maybe 20mins if having to wait for a special train. Their
             | purpose is to serve commuters using the trains. Not as an
             | alternative to proper social housing (which the UK has lots
             | of).
        
         | vidarh wrote:
         | Have you looked at patterns on public seating wherever there's
         | fabric? Or e.g. hotel carpets and the like? Consider the
         | heavily patterned designs often serve a function.
         | 
         | You can regularly clean well enough to address health and
         | safety and still end up with plenty of marks that are high
         | effort to remove that only really affect appearance, and so
         | designs that reduce the visual impact have been used in high
         | traffic spaces pretty much "forever" as a means to reduce the
         | need for high effort cleaning.
         | 
         | Not really much difference for a wall.
        
         | pavon wrote:
         | Or replace the material with one that is easier to clean, which
         | is exactly what these vinyl stickers do.
        
       | david90 wrote:
       | I prefer they fix the line service instead :D
        
       | maushu wrote:
       | Funny that it's so noticeable because of the hostile
       | architecture.
        
         | petesergeant wrote:
         | What is hostile about the architecture here? The armrests?
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | If the (quite useless) armrests weren't there to prevent the
           | homeless from sleeping on them, people wouldn't be sitting in
           | the exact same spot every time, causing a light smear instead
           | of defined person-like shaped on the wall.
        
             | frereubu wrote:
             | People would be sitting in the middle of the seats with or
             | without the arm rests. I don't think that would make any
             | difference.
        
             | VBprogrammer wrote:
             | While it's an interesting point. I'm not sure I agree that
             | these are here purely to stop homeless people from sleeping
             | on them.
             | 
             | For a start, I would give anyone on the underground about 3
             | minutes, if they attempted to sleep anywhere, before they
             | were moved on. It's one of the few places where you
             | regularly see staff on the public transport network in
             | London.
             | 
             | I think there is a legitimate argument that these arm rests
             | are actually providing a useful service by delimiting the
             | space for each person. Few people will naturally sit on the
             | spot at the end of a bench seat which is already partially
             | occupied (and other people will discourage it by sitting
             | near the middle). Where as people will take an empty seat
             | which is clearly free and separated from the other people
             | on the bench.
        
               | yardstick wrote:
               | > I think there is a legitimate argument that these arm
               | rests are actually providing a useful service by
               | delimiting the space for each person. Few people will
               | naturally sit on the spot at the end of a bench seat
               | which is already partially occupied (and other people
               | will discourage it by sitting near the middle). Where as
               | people will take an empty seat which is clearly free and
               | separated from the other people on the bench.
               | 
               | Yes, exactly this! Especially when the platforms are
               | crowded, it makes so much sense to be efficient on the
               | allocation of seats.
               | 
               | Now we've still got to deal with some people bag-
               | spreading but normally most people take their bags off as
               | soon as it gets busy or someone asks.
        
               | shermantanktop wrote:
               | I assume you mean stations/platforms/etc. -- the trains
               | themselves have dozing people in seats all the time.
               | 
               | And yes, I don't recall any opportunity to sleep as I
               | shuffled along in the massive crowds for the Waterloo and
               | City line.
        
             | some-human wrote:
             | People without a home do not have access to the platforms
             | that these seats are on. These seats are on the
             | underground, past the ticket barriers, and they would
             | quickly be removed for trespassing on private property, as
             | all TFL stations are staffed.
             | 
             | Typically in London, People without a home would be found
             | outside the station, or occasionally in the concourse.
        
               | helboi4 wrote:
               | Bro you've clearly never ridden the tube. Homeless people
               | are on it all the time begging. They slip in behind other
               | people through the barriers at busy or unmanned stations.
        
               | some-human wrote:
               | Londoner for 24 years. I don't know what to tell you,
               | 'Bro'.
               | 
               | Yes beggars walk down tube trains trying to get money,
               | but they don't tend to set up shop on the platform which
               | is what we're talking about here. I'm also pretty sure
               | most of the people that have asked me for a quid on the
               | tube were not homeless people, just chancers and drug
               | users.
               | 
               | Besides which, once you were past the barrier, sleeping
               | on the tube train itself is likely to be a much more
               | viable and comfortable option than the platform.
               | 
               | as for "unmanned stations"? All London Underground
               | stations are rostered to be staffed during operating
               | hours. Stations located underground have specific
               | staffing requirements and minimum staff numbers, which
               | vary depending on the size of the station. This is a fire
               | regulation requirement arising from the King's Cross fire
               | in 1987.
        
               | helboi4 wrote:
               | I mean i think the vast majority of them are homeless
               | and/or drug users. Lots of homeless people are cos
               | they're freezing their nuts off with no hope every day.
               | It's honestly impossible to tell which of them are on
               | drugs and which aren't. But I find it unlikely that most
               | of those people aren't homeless.
               | 
               | And yes I know every station has to be staffed. I mean
               | they look for moments of time when no staff are watching
               | the barriers at lower staffed stations. I have had people
               | slip in the barriers behind me it very obviously happens.
               | Homeless people are perfectly able to get in. They don't
               | sleep there because everything possible is done to stop
               | them.
        
               | Symbiote wrote:
               | The stations are indoors and clean. Homeless people could
               | sleep on the floor if they wanted to, but that doesn't
               | happen.
        
               | midasuni wrote:
               | Not unknown to see people sat at the bottom of stairs
               | with a "homeless and hungry" signs
        
               | nsteel wrote:
               | Some of the small, outer, (above ground) tube stations I
               | use have periods where staff leave the gates open and
               | leave the public areas. They even do this during busy
               | periods. It is easy to get onto the tube network at these
               | places.
               | 
               | There's also stations that share common areas with
               | overground trains that don't even have gates (West
               | Ruislip, for example). And then people also squeeze
               | through the pram/wheelchair gates or closely follow
               | someone through. It's easy to do because the ticket
               | offices are closed and whatever skeleton staffing they
               | have is busy elsewhere. These gates (and stations) are
               | effectively unmanned in this context.
               | 
               | But I agree. It's actually very rare to see people
               | begging on the underground compared to other cities. I
               | don't think access is the issue. Maybe the BTP spend all
               | their time on it?
        
               | helboi4 wrote:
               | Thank you for verifying that what I'm saying is not that
               | unreasonable. I'm getting downvoted way too much for
               | totally factual claims here.
               | 
               | I do see beggars at least once a week these days I'd say.
               | They've increased a lot compared to my first years in
               | London when I would safely call it rare. I reckon because
               | of cost of living.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | You're getting downvoted because armrests only act as
               | 'hostile architecture' when they stop people lying down
               | to sleep, and the beggars on the tube are visibly _not_
               | sleeping.
               | 
               | The beggars are constantly moving, and only ask for money
               | on trains that are in motion, in order to evade the
               | staff. Those that want to stay in one place set up just
               | outside the station entrance.
               | 
               | Furthermore, a tube platform is a poor place to sleep,
               | not only because the staff will move you on and the
               | trains are really noisy, but mostly because _the tube is
               | closed at night._
               | 
               | I do agree that some-human was wrong to say _" People
               | without a home do not have access to the platforms"_
               | though, as you're right that it's possible to access the
               | platforms without paying. But some-human was right in the
               | broader context of the thread - whether the armrests
               | constitute hostile architecture - that we do not see
               | rough sleepers sleeping on tube platforms.
        
               | helboi4 wrote:
               | Yes, I was responding to the claim that "People without a
               | home do not have access to the platforms". That is all.
               | That therefore rules out that as the main reason that
               | homeless people are not sleeping rough in tube stations.
               | I never mentioned anything about the hostile
               | architecture. That was someone else, so I do not deserve
               | a downvote for it. I was only addressing the claim about
               | access, so that we could discuss the real reasons for the
               | lack of rough sleeping in the tube, not fantasy ones.
               | 
               | In reality the reason is because the authorities want to
               | stop them and they do this through policing the platforms
               | obviously but hostile architecture is put in place to
               | make sure they don't have to be searching for homeless
               | people all the time in the first place. It's a joint
               | effort, obviously.
        
               | surfingdino wrote:
               | They are quite common on the Elizabeth, District,
               | Hammersmith & City, and Central lines east of Liverpool
               | Street.
        
               | surfingdino wrote:
               | Not the DLR stations though. Those are unmanned.
        
             | DrBazza wrote:
             | I don't think I've ever seen a homeless person sleeping in
             | a London Underground station in 30 years of commuting, and
             | many of them have benches without armrests.
        
             | petesergeant wrote:
             | > to prevent the homeless from sleeping on them
             | 
             | Seems very unlikely that's why they're there, given the
             | station is covered in CCTV, highly staffed, and the train
             | itself would be much more comfortable to sleep on
             | 
             | > (quite useless) armrests
             | 
             | Very useful for apportioning space on the seats for
             | multiple people to sit
        
             | mschuster91 wrote:
             | And even if they weren't there for hindering homeless
             | people, they're _still_ hostile for overweight people - the
             | ones, aside geriatrics, that most need the seats.
        
             | renewiltord wrote:
             | 100% US view haha! There is no chance that TFL lets people
             | sleep here.
        
               | staringback wrote:
               | It is such a shame how normalized homeless people and
               | transit are in the United States. And they wonder why
               | everybody drives their car?
        
             | staringback wrote:
             | This isn't the United States, other countries don't
             | tolerate vagrants sleeping on public transit.
        
         | IshKebab wrote:
         | What hostile architecture? This is on the underground. Nobody
         | is going to be sleeping on these seats.
        
           | throwawayffffas wrote:
           | The hostile architecture in this instance is the choice to
           | use benches instead of seats with back support.
        
             | yreg wrote:
             | To what hostile purpose? Just out of spite?
        
             | IshKebab wrote:
             | It's not hostile, it's just practical. Seats with backs
             | would take up way too much space. And you don't need it
             | anyway because the maximum time you'll be sitting on these
             | is like 5 minutes.
        
       | lhnz wrote:
       | Interesting that some of the stickers contain significant white
       | elements. Is the material used less likely to mark?
       | 
       | Actually, I'm not sure that these are stickers. Maybe it's paint.
       | If it's a sticker it'd be very difficult to apply this
       | perfectly...
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | I noticed some other weird design choices in the new tube
       | stations as well. Eg air vents that are very fine and visibly
       | clog up.
       | 
       | It's like they designed it to look shiny for day one but ignored
       | decades of practical experience
        
         | lhnz wrote:
         | It's very difficult to make thousands of up-front planning
         | decisions perfectly. It'd be even more costly to try to perfect
         | every aspect upfront within the planning stage and it'd be more
         | reasonable to make best attempts but to provide for the ability
         | (and budget) to retrofit bespoke alterations to fix problems
         | that arise at a later date.
        
           | AlecSchueler wrote:
           | But surely it should be simple enough to look at what
           | alterations have been made on other lines already and start
           | off from a basis that is at least as good.
        
             | vidarh wrote:
             | Or they decided it was an opportunity to test potential
             | improvements. Testing them on a new line where fixing any
             | "improvements" that don't pan out will be perceived as an
             | improvement might well be better than testing them on an
             | old line where any regressions will be immediately
             | perceived as such...
        
             | martyvis wrote:
             | With a constant rotation of contractors and the government
             | staff overseeing them, offering innovative solutions at a
             | better price than the next bidder, opportunities to learn
             | from experience are difficult to achieve with large multi
             | year projects
        
             | lhnz wrote:
             | The design and planning process for UK infrastructure is
             | already notoriously expensive and we already do
             | significantly more "planning" than we used to do 100 years
             | ago (when we were actually capable of rapidly building high
             | quality infrastructure).
             | 
             | I would expect there to already be consultants doing
             | similar to what you've suggested however the work is
             | complex and many will be quite cut-off from the build
             | process or only around in the short-term.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | while 100 years ago we built rapidly, there was a large
               | cost in human lives. Planning is part of how we solved
               | that - only part of it, but it is a factor.
        
               | AlecSchueler wrote:
               | Sounds like many of these issues could be described with
               | better knowledge sharing and more tightly coupled
               | processes between planning/building/maintenence.
               | 
               | It sounds quite fatalistic what you've said, that we've
               | basically reached maximum planning saturation so we can
               | only pay the costs afterwards when things go wrong.
               | 
               | But surely questioning these assumptions is good for our
               | civic involvement and for the lines.
        
           | Wytwwww wrote:
           | > difficult to make thousands of up-front planning decisions
           | perfectly.
           | 
           | So don't. Just use something well tried and tested and don't
           | try to be innovative (in areas we you can't dedicated
           | significant amounts of resources for up-front planning)
        
             | concordDance wrote:
             | This seems a bit defeatist. Some hope for and striving for
             | improvement is good for a society.
        
               | captaincrisp wrote:
               | I feel the point is a bit subtler. We should strive for
               | improvement. We should also understand that that takes
               | more than the normal amount of resources to do something
               | different and better & either commit to spending what's
               | required or, if we can't afford to, use something already
               | proven instead.
               | 
               | The half-done or broken improvements still get called
               | "innovations" and give innovation overall a worse
               | reputation.
        
               | kergonath wrote:
               | > I feel the point is a bit subtler. We should strive for
               | improvement. We should also understand that that takes
               | more than the normal amount of resources to do something
               | different and better & either commit to spending what's
               | required or, if we can't afford to, use something already
               | proven instead.
               | 
               | Indeed. I wish this point were articulated that way more
               | often.
               | 
               | > The half-done or broken improvements still get called
               | "innovations" and give innovation overall a worse
               | reputation.
               | 
               | We fetishise innovation as an abstract concept, for good
               | reasons because you cannot have progress without
               | innovation. What we tend to miss is that while innovation
               | is good, some specific innovations are terrible. This is
               | particularly infuriating when they are re-surfacing old,
               | solved problems. Looking at wall tiling for example (or
               | the cladding that can be found in much of the
               | Underground): this was a good solution to a common
               | problem. Bare concrete walls have obvious downsides,
               | which is why we don't tend to use them in building
               | anymore. Doing away with tiling or cladding sounds like
               | an architect being innovative, but if the replacement
               | does not solve the problem, it's a regression. It will
               | look modern and clean as long as it will be properly
               | maintained, which is to say for about a year, and then it
               | will decay the way concrete does. It will eventually be
               | clad, or reviled as a post-modern monstrosity the way
               | some bad brutalist buildings are today.
               | 
               | Innovation for innovation's sake is cargo culting
               | progress. This is giving innovation a bad name.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | What innovation is left? Concrete has been around for
               | centuries in modern forms - we can tweak the formula a
               | lot, but still the same basic idea as when it was
               | invented 100 years ago. Most of what passes for
               | innovation has been tried before. Other things were not
               | tried because anyone who understood the problem knows
               | they are cannot be cost effective. Unfortunately the
               | people who fund this cannot be experts in the field, and
               | thus can easily be persuaded to fund things by scammers
               | that anyone who really was an expert could tell you in a
               | few hours of study are a bad idea.
               | 
               | The problem isn't that the politicians are not experts in
               | construction - there is far too many things politicians
               | fund for them to become experts in even a fraction of
               | them all (they also have to fund medical studies,
               | military spending...). The problems is politicians don't
               | respect trained experts, thus don't keep people around to
               | become deep experts, and in turn there is nobody around
               | with deep technical knowledge to say what is a good idea.
               | Or if there are such people around they are not in a
               | position where they can be listened too, instead any
               | scammer is allowed to present their pitch for
               | "innovations".
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | There is improve and there is trying something new. Rails
               | have been around for nearly two centuries - they are a
               | solve problem. We don't need to innovate on many parts as
               | there is nothing wrong with the old technology with some
               | minor updated. We already know what works well for a
               | standard train system. Innovation generally tries things
               | that look good to politicians who don't understand
               | trains, but in reality people who understood trains 100
               | years ago had the idea and rejected it as a bad idea -
               | and the reasons they are bad ideas didn't change!
               | 
               | there is a lot of room to improve trains. However it all
               | starts with standard gauge steel track, with standard
               | sizes tunnels, standard switches, standard control
               | algorithms (with computers this had recently had a
               | revolution, while there is room to improve this is again
               | in the mostly solve area), standard "rolling stock" and
               | so on. Let me bring out here two standards that are a bit
               | new: platform doors - now that someone invested them and
               | proved they work everyone should retrofit to them; and
               | elevators - it is criminal that many stations around the
               | world still haven't been retrofitted (criminal as in I
               | think someone should be in prison anywhere you find they
               | have not been retrofitted) Once you have all the standard
               | stuff laid out you can make a few tweaks to see what
               | works, but only a few as we know the standard stuff
               | works.
               | 
               | Make sure when you look at standards above you look at
               | what others have done. If you have an idea odds are
               | someone else has already tried it: find them and figure
               | out how it works - sometimes you can tweak to be better
               | sometimes you realize it is a bad idea.
        
               | panick21_ wrote:
               | Rails in particular have improved quite a bit. Modern
               | newest generation slab designs requiring very, very
               | little maintenance and are fast to install.
               | 
               | > Innovation generally tries things that look good to
               | politicians who don't understand trains, but in reality
               | people who understood trains 100 years ago had the idea
               | and rejected it as a bad idea - and the reasons they are
               | bad ideas didn't change!
               | 
               | I'm all for respecting old ideas but this idea that
               | modern engineers are idiots and can't think of anything
               | people 100 years didn't think of is also wrong.
               | 
               | > Make sure when you look at standards above you look at
               | what others have done. If you have an idea odds are
               | someone else has already tried it: find them and figure
               | out how it works - sometimes you can tweak to be better
               | sometimes you realize it is a bad idea.
               | 
               | I don't disagree.
               | 
               | In the context of Crossrail, this seems to be what they
               | have done for the most part. So I don't understand the
               | criticism.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | > is idea that modern engineers are idiots and can't
               | think of anything people 100 years
               | 
               | That is not what I was trying to say. I'm saying that
               | politicians and managers are unable to think of things
               | that people 100 years didn't think of. While that isn't
               | 100% true, it is very close.
               | 
               | Though most of the time engineers today couldn't think of
               | anything they didn't think of 100 years ago. However
               | sometimes advances in other science means ideas that
               | wouldn't work back then could work today. This is almost
               | entirely incremental improvements though.
               | 
               | Crossrail didn't follow the same practices as building
               | 100 years ago. And the results are terrible. (of course
               | some of this is good - better safety standards - but the
               | whole is a system that costs far more than expected for
               | lower quality than possible elsewhere using modern
               | standards)
        
             | Someone wrote:
             | So, are you arguing waterfall is the better process for
             | innovative designs, and agile should be used only for small
             | renovations?
             | 
             | I think I agree with that a bit. For hardware, Apple might
             | be an example showing that dedicating significant amounts
             | of research to your designs is more likely to lead to good
             | hardware designs.
             | 
             | I don't see that happen soon in the software industry,
             | though. We're still constantly replacing libraries and
             | frameworks with stuff that promises to, eventually, be
             | perfect because the current approach isn't perfect.
        
             | panick21_ wrote:
             | Or you know, be innovative learn what works and what
             | doesn't. With each project improving the state of the art
             | forward.
             | 
             | The real cost of these project is the big tunneling, the
             | trains and so on.
             | 
             | Going for something innovative makes sense, because it can
             | be easily changed later if it really fails (and that has
             | yet to proven).
        
         | palemoonale wrote:
         | > It's like they designed it to look shiny for day one but
         | ignored decades of practical experience
         | 
         | Modern software development, and especially UI design, in a
         | nutshell.
        
         | mytailorisrich wrote:
         | I have seen stations refurbished less than 10 years where the
         | new benches had to be replaced because they were already
         | falling apart after that time outdoors...
         | 
         | On my commute they are fitting new cladding to hide a brick
         | wall on an outdoor, not covered, platform. All the studwork is
         | standard timber screwed into the wall. Any water ingress and
         | this will rot quickly. Oh well.
        
           | mattlondon wrote:
           | Might be pressure treated timber - looks largely the same as
           | untreated wood from a distance and can last a long time in
           | damp conditions. Many sheds and timber fences are pressure
           | treated and last well - sure they wont last a _lifetime_ or
           | whatever, but will probably not rot  "quickly"
        
             | yetanotherloser wrote:
             | There are also some heat treated modified timbers now which
             | don't look like pressure treated sheds or fences but which
             | are supposed to last well.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | All buildings - including stations should have maintenance
           | schedules. There are things to do hourly (or when open),
           | every 2 hours, 4 hours, daily, weekly, monthly, and yearly.
           | In addition you have 5, 10, and 30 year remodel cycles.
           | 
           | Of course you always have someone do urgent maintenance - if
           | a pipe breaks you fix it now. However replacing that pipe
           | might leave a poorly patched wall until the next 10 year
           | cycle when the fix is made invisible.
           | 
           | You have to empty trash, clean the floors, and other similar
           | things several times per day.
           | 
           | Every year you replace filters and do a deep cleaning. (check
           | the documentation for equipment - sometimes this might be a 1
           | month cycle not 1 year!) You also do a full inspection of
           | everything, touch up paint, and patch anything else. This
           | should be very routine, and thus always cost the same
           | (inflation adjusted).
           | 
           | Every 5 years you repaint. You also replace carpet where
           | overly stained. That is touch up the cosmetics in a more in
           | depth way. However this is a small cost.
           | 
           | Every 10 years you have to do significant work in the
           | bathrooms (While toilets can last for centuries they start to
           | look bad when you try in a commercial setting). If there is a
           | kitchen it also needs significant work. Avoid moving major
           | things, but this is a higher cost. You should probably be
           | replacing benches on this schedule.
           | 
           | Every 30 years you do a major remodel. Here is where you
           | update everything at sometimes high cost. Add elevators if
           | you don't have them. Expand the station footprint if it is
           | too small (you need more stains). Move where the doors are.
           | Change the station approaches. Add more bathrooms. This will
           | be expensive.
        
         | KptMarchewa wrote:
         | Might be better to clean the vents often than have something
         | inside break due to debris.
         | 
         | Of course, it requires to actually clean the vents...
        
         | deutschepost wrote:
         | I heard that these small holes are supposed to be Helmholtz
         | Resonators. If tuned to the right frequency, they can help with
         | noise reduction.
         | 
         | https://hackaday.com/2023/12/24/absorbing-traffic-noise-with...
        
           | nuc1e0n wrote:
           | With holes like that, birds, bees and rats will nest in those
           | bricks.
        
             | pavel_lishin wrote:
             | I bet birds make excellent noise-absorbers.
        
               | ametrau wrote:
               | Rats also
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Probably clean up discarded biological matter pretty
               | well. Rats have decent cognitive capabilities. I wonder
               | if trained cleaning rats would displace the naughty
               | variety.
               | 
               | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/feb/01/swedi
               | sh-...
        
               | nuc1e0n wrote:
               | Wild rats aren't naughty. They're just animals trying to
               | make their way in the world the same as the rest of us.
               | But they do make a mess and carry diseases, again maybe
               | the same as the rest of us lol.
        
         | bluenose69 wrote:
         | I've seen similar things where I work. In a new building, the
         | architects called for small air vents that would look nice
         | according to some aesthetic criterion. Unfortunately, the vents
         | were so small that, to maintain air flow, the fans inside them
         | had to spin so fast they screamed. This made for a very
         | unpleasant environment.
         | 
         | This was where high-profile events tended to take place, to
         | show off the bright new shiny things. But you couldn't hear
         | yourself think there. The solution? They turned off the fans a
         | short time before important visitors arrived.
         | 
         | I learned of this when I was chatting with a worker who deals
         | with such things. Apparently, the people who were installing
         | these vents knew that they would be a problem. But who were
         | they going to complain to? The architects don't work here, and
         | the local managers don't listen to their underlings.
         | 
         | There are lots of stories like this in many work environments.
         | I think the common thread is that high mucky-mucks are not
         | interested in talking with the people who are doing the labour.
        
           | lhnz wrote:
           | This is a negative outcome of the Town and Country Planning
           | Act. We've mandated by law that all planning is done upfront
           | and due to the possibility of construction fraud provide
           | detailed designs to building contractors that disallow them
           | from substituting any materials or design choices without it
           | being explicitly requested by the employer. In theory, there
           | can be conversation between individual subcontractors and the
           | project managers or architects, but in practice these are not
           | always on site at the same time and there are significant
           | costs involved in changes as well as issues with trust.
           | Therefore, we effectively have a very expensive waterfall
           | process that everybody is legally obligated to follow.
        
             | michaelt wrote:
             | If it's your project, you can order the builders to
             | reconfigure the ventilation ducts pretty much however you
             | like.
             | 
             | Building control require that an architect sign off on
             | things like the size of the beam holding the roof up. If
             | you change that, the architect will have to sign off on the
             | building as constructed before building control will
             | approve it.
             | 
             | Planning permission is given on the basis of external
             | appearance, so you can't change too much in that area - but
             | go look at some planning applications, they're very light
             | on details.
             | 
             | But other than that? If it's your project and you tell the
             | electrician putting in a socket to put it somewhere else,
             | he'll tell you if it's legal under the wiring regulations,
             | and if it is, he'll move it.
             | 
             | The main reason that in _large_ projects builders are
             | required to build exactly to the plan is to stop them
             | substituting cheaper materials. They 're under great
             | pressure to do that, because if you allow your builders to
             | replace expensive zinc cladding with cheap ACM cladding,
             | and you ask several builders to tender and choose the
             | cheapest builder, you'll _always_ choose the builder who
             | quoted on the basis of the cheap ACM cladding.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | In a small house you can move outlets. In a large
               | building the space for every wire and pipe is accounted
               | for. Moving the outlet means that the wires to it have to
               | move and in turn that means a plumber later can't come in
               | and put the pipe where it must go. In a house they solve
               | this by having the plumber come in before the electrician
               | (the order is much more complex), but in a large building
               | you need them working at the same time or you will never
               | get done. Even in a house you still need to plan the
               | plumbing as often a pipe and a beam need to go through
               | the same place - either the beam moves or the toilet
               | moves.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Sometimes - but some large buildings have loads of space
               | above suspended ceilings and in cable trays and suchlike.
               | Office buildings know every new tenant might want to move
               | internal walls, rearrange sockets, reconfigure the
               | kitchen and so on, and they're built with that in mind.
               | 
               | You're right that making arbitrary ad-hoc changes during
               | construction can be _expensive_ , of course. Especially
               | if it's wrong and has to be torn out and redone.
               | 
               | But it's not _illegal_ - if you 're in charge of a
               | project and an installer tells you the specified vents
               | are going to be a problem and they recommend a bigger
               | one, nothing in law prevents you from telling them to go
               | ahead and make the change, right there on the spot.
               | 
               | Of course, how often the person with in charge of a large
               | project will be talking to the vent installers while
               | they're working is a different matter...
        
             | ajb wrote:
             | Building is not a waterfall process because of the Planning
             | act. It's waterfall because of the cost structure of
             | building. Every time you iterate physically, you are
             | throwing a lot of money away in time and materials. So any
             | iteration is pushed back to the paper part of the exercise,
             | in which case it might just as well happen before planning
             | approval.
             | 
             | Also, it's possible to request a variation, especially if
             | something wasn't going to work. There is a category called
             | 'non-material variation' which the planning officers are
             | lenient with.
             | 
             | If you got rid of planning (and building control) I
             | guarantee that the quality of buildings would go down.
             | Before building control, many unhealthy buildings were
             | built due to bad drainage, etc.
        
               | wolverine876 wrote:
               | > It's waterfall because of the cost structure of
               | building. Every time you iterate physically, you are
               | throwing a lot of money away in time and materials.
               | 
               | Also it's because of the financial structure. People
               | invest a lot of money in something with a delayed,
               | sometimes for years. Delay increases everyone's risk,
               | increases interest expense, and defers revenue.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Building is - or should be - iterative. However each
               | building is a separate iteration. Once you are done you
               | stop and look at what works and what doesn't, then adjust
               | the next one. The more you make your building
               | different/unique from what everyone else around you is
               | doing the more expensive it will be as nobody knows what
               | changes really work - and even if they are for the better
               | the lack of experience means you are paying extra for the
               | laborers to figure out how to do things.
        
           | wongarsu wrote:
           | Same issue as UX and features in enterprise software. When a
           | product is sold to people who don't have to use it then
           | optics are more important than practicality
        
           | surfingdino wrote:
           | This reminds me of the weird AC behaviour at one of the
           | London office buildings I used to work in. The AC or heating
           | would turn on or off seemingly at random and when enough
           | people complained about it (i.e. our CEO got sick one more
           | time) it was revealed that the building is managed remotely
           | by a company from Iowa and the thermostat that controlled our
           | building was installed in their office and not in London. I
           | was glad my contract ended and was not interested in
           | renewing.
        
         | adhesive_wombat wrote:
         | Very many older (and not even that old) tube stations have
         | glossy tiled walls[1], presumably because they're easy to clean
         | with just a cloth.
         | 
         | Choosing bare concrete looks cool, and you don't need to pay a
         | tiler to install them, but anyone who has ever done any amount
         | of cleaning ever will tell you a smooth, porous surface like
         | that will look grungy soon enough and be basically impossible
         | to clean by hand.
         | 
         | [1]: not only the London Underground: glossy wider-than-long
         | tiles aren't generally called "metro tiles" for nothing
        
           | bane wrote:
           | Just to note, most of the underground stations on the
           | Washington D.C. metro system are bare concrete. The way the
           | stations are constructed, using a low barrier wall,
           | discourages people from touching the main station walls. The
           | low light kind of also helps hide some of the grime. But
           | overall they're relatively clean.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Metro
        
           | surfingdino wrote:
           | If it was bare concrete, you could put tiles over it, but
           | these are removable panels made of "glass fibre reinforced
           | concrete" according to their proud manufacturer
           | https://www.brydenwood.com/projects/elizabeth-line-
           | cladding-...
        
         | mrguyorama wrote:
         | This is the obvious outcome when society rewards the manager
         | who boosts the stock price this quarter (at a future cost) more
         | than the manager that makes sure the company will survive for a
         | hundred years.
        
       | switch007 wrote:
       | It's so British to bodge the bodge: the stickers don't hide all
       | the dirt...
        
       | matthewfelgate wrote:
       | Did they think people wouldn't sit on these seats? LOL
        
       | helsinkiandrew wrote:
       | A 21st century antimacassar!
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimacassar
        
         | adfm wrote:
         | You'd think they'd consider using a clear oleophobic
         | overlaminate instead of flashy graphics that attract attention
         | to the issue. Good design is more than visual.
        
       | moffkalast wrote:
       | > One would be to replace all the seats with new designs with
       | backs to lean on, but that would be expensive
       | 
       | Hmm indeed, how could a rail line that makes a mere PS1 billion
       | in yearly revenue afford such an egregious expense.
        
         | armaanbanerjee wrote:
         | Whilst the Elizabeth line makes a lot of money, TFL doesn't and
         | currently is missing around half its funding needed for
         | maintenance, trying to justify new benches on a line that's
         | only 2 years old would be hard to justify when other parts of
         | the network need funding much more that the core stations on
         | the Elizabeth line
        
           | rswail wrote:
           | It's arguable that it shouldn't make a lot of money, but it
           | _should_ be properly funded.
           | 
           | What funds TfL is basically fares and city and central
           | government taxes. Ideally the taxes fund the improvements and
           | fares fund the operations.
           | 
           | But fares are down since COVID, while the service kept
           | operating.
        
       | nuc1e0n wrote:
       | It seems they are trying to make the stickers as small as
       | possible. Why not make the sticker bigger and curved at the
       | sides? A feature could be made of it. Any graphic designer will
       | tell you the value of padding.
        
       | dghughes wrote:
       | Option C to hose down the peasants as they entered the tube
       | station so they didn't scuff the walls was not used.
        
         | gchamonlive wrote:
         | People would pay good money for that stream
        
           | shermantanktop wrote:
           | Other people would pay good money to watch. Hey, this is
           | sounding like a sustainable business model with real
           | potential!
        
             | gchamonlive wrote:
             | We should somehow cram AI in it and lure sweet VC money.
             | 
             | Maybe a counter overlay on the stream keeping track of how
             | many people got hosed that day, which would increment using
             | computer vision, GPT and a very expensive production
             | pipeline.
        
         | JackFr wrote:
         | I was going to suggest that they hand out soap and laundry
         | detergent to riders.
        
         | bsza wrote:
         | I'm pretty sure a lot of the discoloration comes from
         | pigments/microplastics from the clothes rubbing against the
         | wall. Look how dark the shoulders of these "ghosts" are. If it
         | were just grease, you'd expect the head part to be darkest.
        
           | yetanotherloser wrote:
           | Hands. The general public's hands... clothes mark far less
        
       | troymc wrote:
       | Another solution would be to hire some folks with proton packs to
       | lasso the ghosts.
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton_pack
        
       | DoubleGlazing wrote:
       | I used to work in a building that was once a factory, the room I
       | was in was once a break room. For years workers would come in for
       | their lunch and lean back against the walls. Years of (probably
       | Brylcreme'd) heads being placed against the walls led to a
       | situation where no amount of painting would cover it up. All
       | these little brownish-grey spots appearing on the walls a few
       | hours after each painting.
       | 
       | Then one day the room was properly refurbished and management
       | paid the decorators to put in a special barrier layer and the
       | grease spots finally dissipated.
        
       | taylorius wrote:
       | I think I'd prefer the "ghosts" to those hideous eye-disrupting
       | wall decals.
        
       | meindnoch wrote:
       | Used to have grease spots on the living room wall adjacent to my
       | dad's computer, where 6yr old me and my 4yr old brother were
       | leaning against the wall while watching dad play Duke Nukem and
       | Quake. (mom didn't allow us to play these games)
        
         | ametrau wrote:
         | Have any other games ever captured that feeling for you as
         | those two releases? Not for me.
        
       | jxf wrote:
       | It's funny that a significant fraction of human effort goes to
       | counteracting that humans (as a whole) are pretty gross --
       | constantly shedding a fine, moist mist of dead skin cells and
       | waste products wherever we go.
        
       | alecco wrote:
       | Why is this Hacker News?
        
       | surfingdino wrote:
       | These are Eduardo Paolozzi's ghosts taking their revenge for the
       | destruction of the beautiful mosaic at old Tottenham Court Road
       | Station, obviously.
       | 
       | Seriously, though the Lizzie Line is an example of really grand
       | design but poorly executed. Here are some of my observations:
       | 
       | a. The quality of material is poor and hinders easy maintenance.
       | 
       | b. The high-res information displays show train arrivals in
       | incorrect order, e.g.
       | 
       | 1. Abbey Wood 4 min
       | 
       | 2. Shenfield 2 min
       | 
       | c. All advertising spaces are now LED displays, some with
       | additional LED-lit frames which use a lot more energy than the
       | old printed posters, which used none. There are hundreds of these
       | things at each station. They heat up the air inside the stations
       | making them unbearably hot in the summer. The solution is more AC
       | and ventilation using even more energy. I stopped caring about
       | saving the planet when I saw what the TfL did.
       | 
       | d. The western section of the line beyond Paddington basically
       | doesn't work in any reliable fashion and should just be repainted
       | green and given to the GWR where it would fit with the rest of
       | the often cancelled services.
        
         | RadiozRadioz wrote:
         | The heat generated by the LED ads is tiny compared to the heat
         | generated by the actual trains and I think they handled that
         | one very well.
        
           | frantathefranta wrote:
           | Presumably the LED ads are also cheaper than employing people
           | to change the posters.
        
             | notatoad wrote:
             | i doubt it's less actual cost, but they definitely make
             | more money overall by being able to rotate the ads more
             | frequently.
        
           | jauntywundrkind wrote:
           | Generally agreed.
           | 
           | In DC we had a similar change over. My complaint is just that
           | it is incredibly tacky. It's much brighter than ambient
           | lighting is.
           | 
           | Our metro system is facing a huge budget crunch (the Feds
           | stopping COVID money, and the 2.5 states involved have been
           | very unhelpful at providing funding). I get that advertising
           | is an appealing revenue stream. I just wish we could do it in
           | a way that wasn't so rambunctiously over the top; I wish we
           | could preserve some level of taste.
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | Transport for London's [1] revenue should be PS9100 million
             | this year. Revenue from advertising was PS130 million last
             | year, so around 1.5%.
             | 
             | It would be nicer if they would just end the advertising.
             | 
             | [1] London Underground (metro), several within-London urban
             | and suburban rail lines, buses, trams, river ferries, major
             | roads
             | 
             | https://tfl.gov.uk/info-for/media/press-
             | releases/2023/march/...
             | 
             | https://content.tfl.gov.uk/tfl-advertising-annual-report-
             | aug...
        
               | google234123 wrote:
               | Just increase tax a bit more to make up for it :)
        
             | kjellsbells wrote:
             | Metro is a balm compared to the PenFed illuminated tunnel
             | at Washington Dulles airport.
             | 
             | For non locals, this is in a long walkway between access
             | train and terminal, is lit in bright blue moving images,
             | and plays a silly song about interest rates at high volume
             | for the entirety of your time in the tunnel. It has
             | cemented my desire to never do business with PenFed, for
             | sure.
        
               | earthboundkid wrote:
               | My favorite thing about the DC metro are the micro-
               | targeted ads. Obviously, there's all the defense
               | contractor junk at Pentagon City, but I also remember one
               | at Foggy Bottom that was like "so-and-so is on the
               | payroll of ISIS and the State Department should BAN
               | them."
        
         | drexlspivey wrote:
         | How much energy is "wasted" to print all those paper posters,
         | ship them to all stations, have people periodically replace
         | them, discard the old ones etc?
        
           | throwup238 wrote:
           | Probably a lot less than it costs to build, ship, and
           | _actively power_ the displays.
           | 
           | It's easy to estimate: if the displays + lifetime power costs
           | more than all the posters, then chances are they use a lot
           | more power. The cost of electricity isn't one of those
           | externalities a business can hoist on society - it has to pay
           | for each kilowatt-hour and that cost is easily quantifiable.
        
         | Log_out_ wrote:
         | Eh, poor material and execution is the subscription model of
         | construction..
        
         | rmbyrro wrote:
         | Imagine that, in the past, the tube was steam engine powered.
         | 
         | If there are peoples who can handle heat deep there, they're
         | the English.
         | 
         | But, yeah, it's stupidity.
        
         | panick21_ wrote:
         | Cruel cruel world, how has such evil been allowed to flourish,
         | information in the wrong order, how will London recover.
         | 
         | > I stopped caring about saving the planet when I saw what the
         | TfL did.
         | 
         | Ok, dude, you are high on your own drama.
        
       | sgu999 wrote:
       | I guess paying a local to put tiles as we were doing a century
       | ago is deemed too simple and expensive at the same time? Better
       | to use some polymer derived from Saudi Aramco's oil, printed on a
       | machine made in China, somewhere in east Europe at the very best.
       | 
       | At least a couple British managers got paid a fair amount to
       | discuss the proposed designs in a meeting room with their
       | contractors.
        
       | geocrasher wrote:
       | These vinyl stickers are an elegant hack. Vinyl is cheap and
       | easily replaceable, in fact it might just be easier to put
       | another sticker over them in the future.
        
       | alricb wrote:
       | The same problem exists on the granite walls of Laurier Station
       | in the Montreal Metro:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laurier_station_%28Montreal_Me...
       | (picture)
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2024-01-02 23:01 UTC)