[HN Gopher] Stossluften: Shock Ventilation
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Stossluften: Shock Ventilation
        
       Author : sirobg
       Score  : 89 points
       Date   : 2023-12-30 09:10 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.thelocal.de)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.thelocal.de)
        
       | timrichard wrote:
       | I've started doing this in my home office after buying a CO2
       | monitor. It's worked out pretty well. I don't trade much room
       | temperature at all to get back close to 400PPM.
        
       | Freak_NL wrote:
       | Website doesn't seem to work. I get a header, a footer, but no
       | content.
        
         | fabian2k wrote:
         | uBlock Origin blocks the entire article. The article also seems
         | to be sponsored content, though I'm not sure what for exactly.
         | The whole page seems a bit fishy and/or slightly broken.
        
           | sirobg wrote:
           | OP here. Agreed, it's kind of weird but I'm not sure why.
           | 
           | I'm not German so I googled the word after seeing it on
           | Twitter.
           | 
           | I checked a few articles and this one had the most exhaustive
           | description imho. That's why I decided to post this link
           | despite some cons.
        
         | vidarh wrote:
         | I had the same thing, but it worked when I opened it in an
         | incognito window.
        
           | rolandog wrote:
           | It didn't work for me, but viewing it in the WayBack Machine
           | [0] did.
           | 
           | [0] https://web.archive.org/web/20231230110629/https://www.th
           | elo...
        
           | shmeeed wrote:
           | Incognito windows are better for Stossluften. Noted!
        
         | mrspuratic wrote:
         | when you open it in a new window it lets all the content out ;)
        
       | vidarh wrote:
       | This is used in Norway as well (and I suspect many other places).
       | 
       | The term uses the same structure "sjokklufting", which like the
       | German means shock ventilation.
       | 
       | A quick search in the Norwegian National Library dates the
       | Norwegian use of this specific term pretty firmly to ~1974 or so.
       | 
       | Interestingly _all_ the uses of the term in writing in Norwegian
       | media in 1970 's seem to either be or echo the text in an ad from
       | Jotul, one of the largest manufacturers of cast-iron fireplaces
       | as a negative (making it too cold), while many later mentions are
       | positive, though also with a tinge of "we're only doing this as a
       | fallback because our ventilation isn't good enough" in quite a
       | few articles.
       | 
       | A somewhat more common Norwegian variant describing much the same
       | is utlufting ("out-ventilation") or storutlufting ("big out-
       | ventilation"), which is found in print at least back to the
       | 1850's, and which tends to imply much the same, though perhaps
       | with a less negative slant.
       | 
       | At some point around the 1980's, the viewpoint seems to have
       | changed from promoting this as a good thing to describing the
       | need for it as evidence of poor ventilation systems.
       | 
       | My mum would often do this, and I do it myself too, - open
       | several windows at least a couple of times a day during winter to
       | rapidly clear out stale air. The benefit vs. less ventilation all
       | the time being that while you're cooling the air, it's short
       | enough that _you_ don 't lose much heat, and neither does the
       | building mass. It's overall much more pleasant when it's really
       | cold outside than having a window open a crack on an ongoing
       | basis.
        
         | sirobg wrote:
         | Thanks for sharing this Norwegian perspective!
         | 
         | I'm french and I don't think there is a specific word to
         | describe this.
         | 
         | We commonly use the verb "aerer" which translates to "to
         | ventilate". But when someone uses this term, I think it
         | designates implicitly a short ventilation as described by this
         | German word or your Norwegian one. At least that's what I
         | noticed around me. I don't know of anybody keeping a window
         | open all day long to ventilate when it's cold outside.
        
           | lwn wrote:
           | In the Netherlands it's called "luchten". It's similar to
           | "aerer". Both translate to "To air out" in English.
        
             | vidarh wrote:
             | Interestingly, Norwegian has both "luft" (air)/"lufte" (to
             | air) and "lukt"/"lukte" (smell, to smell), and it turns out
             | they share the same proto-Germanic origin as Dutch
             | "luchten" as well as the equivalent German terms, and
             | English "to lift" and Norwegian "a lofte", all centering
             | around air with different angles.
        
               | unhammer wrote:
               | And in Bergen you can use "lukt" to mean both, "hoyt opp
               | i lukten", maybe the Hanseatic influence?
               | 
               | (My kid uses "luft" to mean both, "lufte ekkelt".)
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | Germanic languages are very well suited to these kinds of
           | compound words because you can pretty much keep adding words
           | - hence the many jokes about ridiculously long German ones -
           | where in many other languages if you want to add precision
           | you use a phrase instead, or rely on context...
           | 
           | You can do that in Norwegian too, but we tend to be a _bit_
           | more shy about it than the Germans...
        
         | snowpid wrote:
         | I like to find language nerds on HN :)
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | It's a subject well suited for obsessive pedants ;)
        
         | spinningarrow wrote:
         | A lot of newer (last 15 years or so) apartments in Oslo have a
         | mixture of 'natural' ventilation through vents that let in cold
         | air and mechanical ventilation in wet rooms, and even newer
         | builds are starting to use 'balanced' ventilation that heats up
         | cold outside air using heat from air that is being blown out
         | https://www.byggmakker.no/rad-og-guider/kjokken-og-bad/vet-d...
        
           | vidarh wrote:
           | Yeah, it's obviously a lot more energy-efficient to have
           | proper ventilation.
           | 
           | (Then again, having recently flown back from Norway to the UK
           | one of the things that strikes me every winter is how
           | _floodlit_ Norway looks from the air at night compared to the
           | UK despite far lower population density - Norway is still
           | riding high on the past low energy prices...)
        
             | zh3 wrote:
             | Yes, heated pavements outside the shops, wind turbines on
             | the hills, hydro, gravel roads and the sovereign wealth
             | fund saving the money from oil for the future (check out
             | https://www.nbim.no/, it's about 10Nok to the dollar).
        
       | BrandiATMuhkuh wrote:
       | My landlord here in Austria put that in the flat "manual". It's
       | the main technique to avoid high humidity in Winter. Because high
       | humidity means you won't feel warm and it fosters mold.
        
         | sirobg wrote:
         | OP here. I even read it was sometimes required in the lease
         | terms!
         | 
         | https://allaboutberlin.com/glossary/Sto%C3%9Fl%C3%BCften
        
           | fabian2k wrote:
           | In Germany as a tenant it is usually your duty to ventilate
           | properly. If you do not do that and this results in mold you
           | as a tenant are responsible, not the landlord. This is of
           | course much more complex in practice, as mold is often not
           | caused by poor ventilation but by bad construction. So the
           | blame can lie with the landlord, or the tenant or both
           | depending on the specific case.
        
           | groestl wrote:
           | Can confirm (Austrian here)
        
       | HL33tibCe7 wrote:
       | Is this not a waste of energy?
        
         | fabian2k wrote:
         | Compared to what? Permanently venting air is a much bigger
         | waste of energy.
         | 
         | Most of the heat is in the walls, not the air anyway.
        
         | theshrike79 wrote:
         | 5 minutes of cool air entering the house isn't a huge amount,
         | but it does bring in fresh air.
        
         | orbital-decay wrote:
         | Yes, to a certain degree it undermines the point of having good
         | insulation (as in, _really_ good - when the thermal mass of the
         | air starts to matter). Modern  "nearly zero-heating" houses
         | have long heat exchangers in the vents to avoid the waste.
        
         | ikekkdcjkfke wrote:
         | Trade off
        
         | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
         | Since forced-air heating is uncommon in Europe the impact is
         | not that high. The radiators or under floor heating stays warm
         | and will re-heat the air very quickly.
        
         | zeitgeistcowboy wrote:
         | No, not necessarily. If it lowers the humidity, then it can
         | take less energy to heat the house after venting. So it can
         | actually save energy.
        
         | Daniel_sk wrote:
         | Minimal. Most houses have thick walls and there is a lot of
         | accumulated energy - the air reheats quickly after closing the
         | windows.
        
       | Phelinofist wrote:
       | I'm German and this was drilled into my head since I was a child.
       | My dad insisted on doing this. Every landlord I had so far
       | required doing this to avoid mold. I do it before I go to sleep,
       | because some fresher/cooler air also helps me sleep better. It is
       | also done in offices and schools.
        
         | ano-ther wrote:
         | Seems to be the best way to get rid of stale air (while
         | conserving energy) in a country that prides itself of its
         | tightly sealed windows.
         | 
         | > Asked by the tabloid BILD-Zeitung what feelings Germany
         | awakes in her, Angela Merkel once famously replied, 'I think of
         | well-sealed windows! No other country can make such well-sealed
         | and nice windows [dichte und schone Fenster].'
         | 
         | https://nybooks.com/articles/2013/08/15/new-german-question/
        
           | konschubert wrote:
           | No.
           | 
           | The best way is ventilation through heat exchangers.
        
             | sjfjsjdjwvwvc wrote:
             | Wrong. The best way is the method described in the OP post.
        
           | throwaway8877 wrote:
           | In comparison to what and how?
           | 
           | It really doesn't matter how fast you replace the air. If you
           | let in the cold air then you need to warm it up.
           | 
           | What you actually do is a compromise between energy
           | conservation and properly ventilated room as for the morning
           | the room will be filled with high concentration of CO2 and
           | humidity (from your breathing and sweating) and you more than
           | often end up with bad sleep and headache.
           | 
           | Constant proper mechanical ventilation is the key for better
           | sleep and health when windows are goods as German windows
           | (some other European countries make good windows too).
        
             | _Microft wrote:
             | > It really doesn't matter how fast you replace the air. If
             | you let in the cold air then you need to warm it up.
             | 
             | Ventilating quickly is preferable to ventilating slowly.
             | Heat transfer through materials is comparatively slow. That
             | means that exchanging the air in an instant retains the
             | heat in the walls, furniture,... exchanging the air slowly
             | allows heat from materials to ,,leak out" as well.
        
       | euroderf wrote:
       | AFAIK it's more typically known simply as "Luft" ("air). And the
       | idea is great. Flush the room of aerial crud as quickly as
       | possible so that objects in the room retain their heat.
        
         | sgbeal wrote:
         | > AFAIK it's more typically known simply as "Luft"
         | 
         | "Luften" is the common local term ("to air out").
        
           | blensor wrote:
           | Are you writing this on an English keyboard ;)
           | 
           | I am pretty sure most modern browsers are able to display an
           | u so you can write "Luften"
        
             | sgbeal wrote:
             | Indeed, i was on a US keyboard. The u has since been
             | corrected. (Or it's been edited, but this client is still
             | showing the typo. Perhaps i waited too long to edit it.)
        
       | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
       | I was just joking about this today. For years I have heard all
       | kinds of dismissive attitude to this concept yet the last few
       | months tech Twitter has been full of people buying really
       | expensive CO2 meters, presumably because they were unaware of CO2
       | in rooms?
       | 
       | When you buy a Window here, or you rent a flat it usually comes
       | with a manual that asks you to ventilate regularly and how.
       | 
       | If you ventilate properly, a CO2 meter is entirely pointless. CO2
       | levels are very predictable and you can also usually tell when
       | the air quality drops through your senses.
        
         | flemhans wrote:
         | I can't feel 2000 PPM through my senses. But at 4000 it starts
         | getting stuffy.
        
           | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
           | I really find this hard to believe. 2000 is already at the
           | higher threshold of where people report bad air quality and
           | drowsiness. In practical terms it doesn't matter much because
           | if you are ventilating properly, your CO2 levels don't stay
           | elevated for long and you really do not need to measure or
           | observe.
        
             | Zetobal wrote:
             | 4000 is a badly ventilated bedroom and 5000 is the limit
             | for sustained working. If you get nauseous at 2000 you are
             | highly sensible.
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | We have a CO2 level at home, so I can validate my
               | personal observations and those of others. But I don't
               | even need to go to personal anecdotes, everything you can
               | read on CO2 levels indicates that people notice.
        
               | Zetobal wrote:
               | Notice is highly different from getting nauseous.
        
               | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
               | Not sure where you are getting nausea from.
        
         | Smaug123 wrote:
         | > you can also usually tell when the air quality drops through
         | your senses
         | 
         | Only when you're paying attention. If I'm not paying attention,
         | I end up in a sufficiently depressed state that I can't notice,
         | which is _extremely_ self-perpetuating.
        
           | the_mitsuhiko wrote:
           | If you are ventilating regularly your CO2 levels are not
           | raising to ridiculous levels in the first place. I'm pretty
           | sure for most people the novelty of the CO2 measurement
           | device wears of quickly.
        
       | Franzeus wrote:
       | Funny - Doing this exact thing while reading this post
        
       | mxstbr wrote:
       | This is the first German word I taught my (American) partner and
       | it is, to this day, likely our most used German word. Such a core
       | concept to our entire culture!
        
       | wongarsu wrote:
       | A big part of why this works so well in German homes is that they
       | have a high thermal mass. Even single family homes are built with
       | concrete floors and plastered over brick walls (brick as in
       | square building block, I think the currently popular form is
       | expanded concrete?).
       | 
       | In these buildings, you can replace all air with outside air at
       | once, and once you close the windows the thermal mass of the
       | building will quickly heat it up again.
       | 
       | New buildings tend to move away from it though, instead using
       | automatic fans for ventilation
        
         | froh wrote:
         | the reason being that with ventilation, you can do a heat
         | exchange between incoming and outgoing air.
         | 
         | the structure and thermal mass is similar in new buildings.
        
         | throwaway8877 wrote:
         | Mechanical mentilation (with fans) is considerably better in
         | many ways.
         | 
         | It allows heat recovery - less heating (or cooling) energy is
         | wasted by proper ventilation.
         | 
         | Ventilation is constant - there is no buildup of CO2, moisture
         | or harmful particles like VOC or viruses.
         | 
         | There is no need for discomfort caused by the shock ventilation
         | when ventilation is properly dimensioned (enough for people in
         | the room).
        
           | sjfjsjdjwvwvc wrote:
           | Is mechanical ventilation referring to air conditioning?
           | 
           | In that case I would disagree, it's a magnitudes bigger waste
           | of energy and resources and causes illness (at least for me).
        
             | ricardobeat wrote:
             | No. It usually takes the form of extractors in the most
             | humid locations of the house (kitchen, bathroom, laundry)
             | that are connected to a central unit that vents air to the
             | outside. Fresh air comes in through ventilation grills
             | around the house, normally located above windows by means
             | of the resulting pressure. No air conditioning is involved,
             | or recirculating, though more modern (and much more
             | expensive) units have heat recovery systems and air filters
             | that will also bring fresh air back in.
        
             | ctroein89 wrote:
             | Mechanical ventilation refers to just using fans. The
             | comment you're replying to is suggesting that heat recovery
             | ventilators (HRV) be used to transfer heat from the warm
             | exhausted to the incoming outside air via a heat (or cools
             | incoming outside air in hot climates). It reduces the need
             | for heating or cooling while still getting fresh air into
             | the building.
        
         | sbierwagen wrote:
         | >brick as in square building block
         | 
         | Concrete masonry unit, "cinderblock" in North America.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_block
        
         | upofadown wrote:
         | One way or the other you have to heat up the air again. The
         | main reason this works is because air has very low thermal
         | mass. Something like a thousand times less than typical solid
         | materials. Even a small amount of solid mass is not going to
         | cool down that much in such a short period of time.
        
           | genman wrote:
           | I think there is one single factor why it is done and it is
           | more energy efficient in comparison to keeping windows
           | slightly open all the time for constant ventilation.
           | 
           | Rooms are mainly heated by water radiators in Germany. These
           | radiators are most likely under windows to compensate for the
           | radiated cold and draft from the windows that may create
           | discomfort. As the heat moves up then it will create (mainly)
           | closed circulation in the room when the windows are closed.
           | 
           | Now when the windows are open then the heat from the
           | radiators will instead escape from the windows. On top of
           | this the radiators are most likely locally regulated (with
           | thermal valves) and will heat up because of the cold air from
           | the outside while increasing the energy loss even more.
           | 
           | This is the main reason why the heating must be closed during
           | the shock ventilation and why it is less energy efficient to
           | keep the windows slightly open for constant ventilation.
           | 
           | This is of course a compromise between good air quality and
           | energy efficiency and the correct answer is to build a proper
           | mechanical ventilation with an heat exchange.
        
       | jeffrallen wrote:
       | Shock ventilation is a habit of Swiss housewives which is
       | diametrically opposed to the new "Minergie" standard for green
       | homes, which provides for air exchange via a super expensive heat
       | exchanger system which extracts heat from stale air before
       | sending it out.
       | 
       | Of course everyone who lives in Minergie homes opens the windows
       | each morning while hanging out the duvets, and/or complains that
       | the enormous windows are too big to open, or don't open at all.
       | 
       | It's like all the Minergie engineers were so busy at work they
       | didn't notice what their wives were doing at home. (I assume the
       | original engineering for these hear exchangers was in the 70's
       | when that gendered statement was not controversial!)
        
       | palemoonale wrote:
       | Not possible in the US with all its closed-up office and hotel
       | rooms.
        
         | moron4hire wrote:
         | Also, not really necessary. It's more of an Old Wives Tale than
         | an effective practice.
         | 
         | The only place I have trouble with mold is in the bathroom, and
         | that's because so many homes built before the 80s were built
         | without ventilation fans in the bathroom. The places I've lived
         | with proper ventilation have not had mold problems.
        
           | dzhiurgis wrote:
           | While it's true germans are plagued with all sort of holistic
           | medicine and homeopathy mind virus, this one is true. With
           | covid wave there was explosion of co2 meters and tons of
           | people realised they live in stuffy air all the time.
           | 
           | What's depressing is that neither rental rules do not require
           | HRVs yo be installed nor little public places have started to
           | upgrade.
        
       | layer8 wrote:
       | > Let's start with the translation. Literally, Stoss means
       | "shock, impact or thrust" and luften means "ventilating."
       | Stossluften therefore translates to "shock ventilation."
       | 
       | I'd say the connotation is more of a quick blowing out, ejection
       | or (im)pulse, not a shock. Compare also "ausstossen" and
       | "Stossatmung". The main feature is the short duration.
        
       | neonate wrote:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20231230110629/https://www.thelo...
       | 
       | https://archive.ph/KW0ZC
        
       | drsim wrote:
       | My Velux roof windows do this automatically for me every day.
       | Works great as they won't open if it is raining or too cold.
       | Sucks that the radiators don't turn off at the same time, so some
       | wasted energy there.
        
         | Empact wrote:
         | Another automatic option for achieving these air quality goals
         | is to use an HRV/ERV for continuous fresh air in the house, as
         | they do in Passive House construction. Doing heat exchange
         | between the outgoing and incoming air makes it a very energy
         | efficient system.
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_recovery_ventilation
         | https://www.zehnderamerica.com/heat-recovery-ventilator/
        
         | karolist wrote:
         | Do you have any control of the radiators? I have Velux GGU
         | windows too and plan on doing Home Assistant integration for
         | precisely the reasons you mention plus some automatic shading
         | based on sun position or light sensors. For this I understand
         | you need a KLF200 interface [1] and of course HA integration
         | [2], then the integration possibilities are pretty much
         | endless.
         | 
         | 1. https://www.baubay.de/home-interface-velux-klf-200.html
         | 
         | 2. https://community.home-assistant.io/t/velux-kfl200-ha-
         | config...
        
       | throwaway8877 wrote:
       | It helps when you don't have actual appropriate mechanical
       | ventilation as you should have with modern windows and
       | insulation.
       | 
       | A large part of the European buildings still don't have proper
       | ventilation.
        
       | mhb wrote:
       | European Windows Are Awesome
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38818803
        
       | blub wrote:
       | This "Stossluften" is just opening a couple of windows for
       | several minutes to create a draft.
       | 
       | There's a nice booklet about ventilation for regular Joes called
       | "Richtiges Luften in Wohnungen" (Proper ventilation in
       | apartments) published by the Fraunhofer IRB (i.e. information
       | centre for inner spaces and construction).
       | 
       | This booklet explains the role of material and air humidity, how
       | ventilation became important as buildings became more airtight,
       | how relative humidity works, etc.
       | 
       | A key observation is that the main purpose of such intense
       | ventilation is refreshing the air, i.e. removing unpleasant
       | smells and CO2.
       | 
       | Landlords, experts and courts of law have nevertheless settled on
       | the idea that 2-3x intensive ventilations per day are necessary
       | to avoid mould.
       | 
       | The booklet claims that dehumidification is ideally achieved
       | through "Spaltluften", which is keeping a window partly open for
       | a _longer_ period of time: the cool outside air enters the room
       | in small quantities which can be quickly heated, thereby drying
       | said air and enabling it to absorb additional humidity. Due to
       | the longer ventilation period, materials which absorb humidity
       | such as drapes, carpets, wallpaper or plaster can release said
       | humidity which shall be absorbed by the dry air and ultimately
       | exchanged with outside air. The heater must stay permanently on
       | so that the cool air can be heated.
       | 
       | Some apartments have passive mechanical ventilation such as
       | openings in the rubber seals of the windows or ventilation slots
       | in the window frames which follow this principle.
        
       | franczesko wrote:
       | It's also due to the fact, that many German buildings are old and
       | therefore carry poor ventilation parameters.
       | 
       | Newer buildings probably don't need shock ventilation, as it's
       | better by design.
        
       | bill38 wrote:
       | See also https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38819249
        
       | alkonaut wrote:
       | Sounds like building codes haven't forced old buildings to be
       | retrofitted with decent ventilation. If that's not possible then
       | it shouldn't be a school.
        
       | kyledrake wrote:
       | If anyone wants way too much information on doing continuous
       | ventilation fans in your house to improve air quality:
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=25139125
        
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       (page generated 2023-12-30 23:01 UTC)