[HN Gopher] UK announces commercial operations of longest land/s...
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       UK announces commercial operations of longest land/subsea
       interconnector
        
       Author : Svip
       Score  : 107 points
       Date   : 2023-12-29 16:45 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nationalgrid.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nationalgrid.com)
        
       | figmert wrote:
       | Will this finally decrease some of these bills? Or will this just
       | mean even more record profit for the energy companies?
        
         | Faaak wrote:
         | Both
        
         | altacc wrote:
         | " It will bring more than PS500 million in savings for UK
         | consumers in the first ten years."
         | 
         | If you believe that I have a monorail to sell you! Why pass
         | onto consumers what you can take as profit.
         | 
         | Norwegian news is reporting that the price of electricity will
         | increase a tiny amount (about PS10-15 a year) in both Norway &
         | the UK as an increased flow of power means more bidders for it,
         | pushing the price up when power is scarce (which seems to be
         | most of the time).
         | 
         | https://www.nrk.no/sorlandet/ny-kraftkabel-kan-fore-til-dyre...
        
           | OscarCunningham wrote:
           | PS500 million over 60 million people over 10 years is PS1 per
           | person per year. I can believe it.
        
             | louthy wrote:
             | 67 million people (as of 2020, so probably not far off 70m
             | now)
        
             | jonplackett wrote:
             | But we had to spend 1.7 billion. So looks like we need to
             | wait 37 years for payback...
        
               | OscarCunningham wrote:
               | I don't know if the UK government paid the full amount,
               | but PS50 million a year for PS1.7 billion is a 2.9%
               | interest rate, which is approximately sensible.
        
           | tonyedgecombe wrote:
           | >Why pass onto consumers what you can take as profit.
           | 
           | Because other suppliers will outbid you.
           | 
           | >Norwegian news is reporting that the price of electricity
           | will increase a tiny amount (about PS10-15 a year) in both
           | Norway & the UK as an increased flow of power means more
           | bidders for it, pushing the price up when power is scarce
           | (which seems to be most of the time).
           | 
           | That doesn't make sense, if energy is scarce in one country
           | but not the other then the additional supply should lower
           | prices.
        
             | hardlianotion wrote:
             | The interconnector is with Denmark, which is connected to
             | other countries as well. Presumably it is this extra demand
             | that could cause the price rise.
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | It will lower the peaks of the prices, but at the same time
             | increase the depths. Currently those on market driven
             | tarrifs can sometimes get paid to take electricity, and
             | certainly have low prices. For example Octopus Agile is
             | charging under 5p/kWh from 2230-2300 today, and from
             | 0600-0630 actually paid its customers 4p/kWh
             | 
             | With Denmark able to buy 1GW this will increase demand at
             | the cheapest bits (when supply is high), but with Denmark
             | able to sell 1GW it will increase supply and thus drive
             | lower price.
             | 
             | The majority of people in the UK don't pay market prices
             | for electricity and instead pay a government set "cap"
             | which is based around hiding the actual cost in the
             | marketing material because far too many people in the UK
             | don't understand what you can do with 1kWh or how it
             | affects your bill - some people on think that turning 30W
             | of LED lights off makes a material difference to the
             | monthly cost they pay for example.
        
           | ta1243 wrote:
           | > If you believe that I have a monorail to sell you! Why pass
           | onto consumers what you can take as profit.
           | 
           | That's about 15p per month per household
        
         | _dain_ wrote:
         | heaven forbid someone build infrastructure because of the
         | profit motive
        
       | patcon wrote:
       | Re: cutting undersea cables. For critical infrastructure like
       | this during cold war style conditions (i.e. Russian-NATO
       | conflict), I wonder how pros/cons of public vs private ownership
       | compare...
       | 
       | For example: I could imagine sabotaging _public_ infra is more
       | akin to an attack on the state (therefore disincentized). But on
       | the other hand, I suspect _private_ interests can be more clever
       | in protecting their investment, because they can more readily pay
       | for high mitigation costs when consequent losses would be high.
       | 
       | Anyone else know how to thing of the tradeoffs between public vs
       | private infrastructure here?
        
         | 1920musicman wrote:
         | AFAIK attacks on sufficiently important private infra is also
         | considered an attack on the state. There is no meaningful
         | difference, other than the scale of the attack and the
         | importance of that infra.
         | 
         | The main defining factor in how the state responds to such an
         | attack is whether escalation is in the interest of the victim.
         | E.g. recent attacks on _commercial_ ships in the Red Sea.
        
           | Scubabear68 wrote:
           | Indeed, I wonder if convoys will be resurrected to protect
           | shipping in the Red Sea area.
        
           | patcon wrote:
           | Yeah thanks for stating it clearly. That distinction makes
           | sense to me too :)
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | Think the bigger problem is proving beyond reasonable doubt who
         | did it, see Nordstream
        
           | mcfedr wrote:
           | That's surely more about convience, i.e. no one in Europe
           | wants to actually deal with Russia so will faff around
           | pretending they don't know who did it as long as possible
        
             | WJW wrote:
             | There's only three possible outcomes that have any chance
             | of being true and none of them are good:
             | 
             | - It was the Russians, and the demands by the public to
             | respond might escalate the current situation from a nice
             | contained proxy war into something that might get actual
             | voters killed.
             | 
             | - It was the Ukrainians, which would be politically awkward
             | because we're supposed to be allies.
             | 
             | - It was the USA, which would also be politically awkward
             | for the same reason.
             | 
             | So in all cases it would be better to not find out in the
             | first place, hence the current faffing about.
        
               | fbdab103 wrote:
               | Not sure it had to be a state operation. The attack could
               | have been done by just a handful of guys with practically
               | no funding. The pipe is not that deep underwater and
               | would not require much incentive to blow.
        
       | DamonHD wrote:
       | Hurrah! I thought that it wasn't coming on-line until January!
        
         | riffic wrote:
         | look what's three days away
        
       | corradio wrote:
       | If you're curious, you can follow it live on
       | https://app.electricitymaps.com
       | 
       | Right now it's transporting ~20MW from Denmark to the UK
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | Up to 779 MW now, maybe they're ramping it up slowly?
        
         | justinclift wrote:
         | Interesting.
         | 
         | The map seems buggy for Canada. The "Country" map for Canada
         | seems to be wrong, as it looks like it's subdivided into
         | several pieces (as if it was the "Zone" view).
        
       | greenbit wrote:
       | Didn't see mention of the voltage/current specs. 1400A at 1MV
       | maybe? HVDC is morbidly fascinating, and the gear to transform
       | has that awesome 1950s sci-fi look.
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | I actually drove all the way out to the Britned HVDC
         | transformer station near Rotterdam earlier this year.
         | Absolutely huge bunch of gear, mostly enclosed though and no
         | public tours :(
        
         | mikeyouse wrote:
         | Currently it's only 800MW at 525KV but eventually they'll bump
         | that to 1,400MW so 2,700A if my math is right?
        
           | formerly_proven wrote:
           | It's bipolar (+- 525 kV) according to W
        
       | jameshart wrote:
       | The 'Viking Link' connector, projecting Danish power across the
       | North Sea... I feel a song coming on...
       | 
       | Aaaa-aaaaaa-ah! Aaaa-aaaaaa-ah!
       | 
       | It comes from the land of the ice and snow
       | 
       | From the midnight sun where the cold winds blow
       | 
       | The hammer of the gods
       | 
       | Will turn the blades of turbines
       | 
       | To light the grid, sing and cry
       | 
       | Wind power, I am coming...
        
         | hkt wrote:
         | This is genius tbh
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | Beautiful. Rousing.
         | 
         | Has the Danelaw come again? Someone call Uhtred!
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | My attempt:
         | 
         | (Tune begins with a rising, powerful melody)
         | 
         | Verse 1: From the shores of the Danes to Britannia's realm,
         | Where the sea meets the sky in a watery helm, There's a thread
         | made of power, so silent and sleek, A marvel of might that the
         | ancients would seek.
         | 
         | Chorus: Oh, Viking Link, your cables enfold, Uniting the lands
         | as the sagas once told. Electric currents, like legends of old,
         | Viking Link, forging futures so bold.
         | 
         | Verse 2: Beneath the North Sea where the mermaids do sing, Lies
         | a path of pure energy, a power-bringing string, Connecting the
         | heart of the emerald isles, With wind-harnessed force that
         | covers the miles.
         | 
         | Chorus: Oh, Viking Link, your currents so free, Dance 'cross
         | the depths of the deep, briny sea. Blending the watts as the
         | mead-masters would, Viking Link, for the greater world's good.
         | 
         | Bridge: Hark! As the turbines spin round and round, A whisper
         | of Odin, in kilowatts found. Thor might have thundered with
         | fierce, mighty sound, But our silent giant lies under the
         | ground.
         | 
         | Verse 3: From the fjords where the Vikings once launched their
         | great fleets, Comes a new age of conquest, where technology
         | meets. And the UK replies with welcoming hands, Together they
         | stand, where power demands.
         | 
         | Final Chorus: Oh, Viking Link, your saga's begun, Tales of
         | electrons, from dusk until dawn. May your current flow steady
         | and strong, Viking Link, in our hearts, your song lingers on.
         | 
         | (End with a triumphant harmony)
        
       | allanrbo wrote:
       | How come Denmark can produce cheaper and less carbon intensive
       | energy than the UK? Can't offshore windmills be built in the UK
       | too?
        
         | martin-adams wrote:
         | They can, but the problem they face is that they can't get any
         | of the developers to want to build them because the ROI is set
         | too low.
         | 
         | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/08/what-wen...
        
           | VBprogrammer wrote:
           | That's a very recent phenomenon though right? Presumably the
           | current rates of inflation have a big impact. It wasn't so
           | long ago that we were seeing record low strike prices being
           | accepted for offshore wind, down to about PS40/MWh.
        
         | hkt wrote:
         | The UK has very large amounts of offshore wind, unfortunately
         | it isn't enough and we're not developing more capacity fast
         | enough. It doesn't help that the government has utterly screwed
         | the incentives:
         | 
         | https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/08/what-wen...
        
           | alexchamberlain wrote:
           | Also, when the wind blows too much, we produce more than we
           | need. Christmas day had negative prices before 7am, as we had
           | too much wind power.
        
         | dukeyukey wrote:
         | They can, and the UK is one of the largest builders of offshore
         | wind. But Denmark has spare capacity, and UK electricity prices
         | are high.
        
           | Angostura wrote:
           | It's not really said in the story, but this is a
           | _bidirectional_ connector.
           | 
           | There are certainly times when the UK generates excess energy
           | from wind.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | This interconnector was already exporting to Denmark
             | earlier in the week when the UK was experiencing record
             | wind generation (per Electricity Maps [1]). The link
             | currently can't be maximized from West Denmark to the UK
             | due to transmission constraints on the DK side.
             | 
             | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38807469
        
             | dukeyukey wrote:
             | Absolutely. It's a given with stuff like wind.
        
             | fbdab103 wrote:
             | Is that rare? I naively thought that all electrical
             | infrastructure could flow in whichever direction there was
             | need.
        
               | scrlk wrote:
               | See "reverse power flow":
               | https://roadnighttaylor.co.uk/connectology/what-is-
               | reverse-p...
        
         | davedx wrote:
         | There are... Hornsea for example is one of the bigger ones:
         | https://hornseaproject3.co.uk/
        
         | DamonHD wrote:
         | Geographical spread of wind (and solar) generation helps
         | produce a more consistent overall supply.
        
         | swarnie wrote:
         | The UK already has a stupid amount of offshore wind with
         | multitudes more in the planning / development phase.
         | 
         | This is part of a wider strategy with The Netherlands, Denmark
         | and Germany and interconnect their energy markets using the
         | north sea renewables as both generation and interconnection.
         | 
         | The future is bright.
        
         | ZeroGravitas wrote:
         | Offshore is more expensive than onshore wind, which has been
         | effectively banned across most of the UK.
        
         | sgt101 wrote:
         | As further up in the thread, if a cyclone comes in on the gulf
         | stream it arrives 20hrs earlier in the UK than in Denmark, and
         | when significant wind power is built on the Irish Atlantic
         | coast then there's effects will be amplified and a smoother
         | renewable provision for now Europe will be available.
        
       | toomuchtodo wrote:
       | Time to phase out that last coal generator!
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_active_coal-fired_powe...
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratcliffe-on-Soar_Power_Statio...
       | 
       | Edit: interconnector already ramped to 800MW importing to the UK.
       | Let's gooooooooo!
        
       | tapland wrote:
       | I'd assume this also sets the lowest price in the danish zone to
       | the UK market price when exporting?
       | 
       | NordPool market zones are crazy and some zones see insane price
       | surges when demand prices for neighboring zones are high.
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | Well at least for the first 1.4 GW, yes. Also there is some
         | nonzero transmission loss so that needs to be taken into
         | account.
         | 
         | The cable can move electricity from the UK to Denmark too btw,
         | so some of the price surges in the Danish region could get
         | damped because the UK will start exporting electricity and the
         | additional supply will bring down the price again.
        
       | KaiserPro wrote:
       | The good thing about this is that its bidirectional, so can be
       | used to offload ~4.2% of the total generation capacity of the UK,
       | or should they need it, import that amount.
       | 
       | That should also cut the tops and bottoms off the spot price of
       | electricity.
        
         | zeristor wrote:
         | A large amount of wind power generation is in Scotland, four
         | further interconnects are being built to transfer this to SE
         | England, but it'll take a while.
        
         | dukeyukey wrote:
         | Which could theoretically supply nearly half of Denmark's
         | electricity demand, at peak transfer.
        
           | silvestrov wrote:
           | No. The connection is 1.4 GW and Denmark typically use 4 to 5
           | GW. See https://energinet.dk/ (scroll down to map at look at
           | "FORBRUG I DK")
        
       | Havoc wrote:
       | There is a nice UK grid dashboard too [0]. The UK grid is
       | actually quite variable given the amount of wind input, so
       | imports/exports tend to be quite twitchy depending on what's
       | happening - frequently going to negative and also substantially
       | positive on pricing.
       | 
       | [0] https://grid.iamkate.com/
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | Unfortunately, Denmark has many of the same winds as the UK, so
         | on the exact same days the UK has excess power, Denmark doesn't
         | need power...
        
           | petermonsson wrote:
           | There is a 20 hour time difference from when the wind picks
           | up in the UK until the wind picks up in Denmark
        
             | lewj wrote:
             | source? interested for the details please.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | > with more than four million working hours spent to get to this
       | point.
       | 
       | A typical Brit might work 80,000 hours in a lifetime. So this
       | interconnector is the lifetimes work of 50 people.
       | 
       | It is approximately 1 millionth of the total work output of all
       | people alive in the UK.
       | 
       | Not sure if that is more or less than I expected...
        
       | myself248 wrote:
       | The choice of a .com TLD instead of a .uk for a thing called
       | "national" is really odd to me.
        
         | timthorn wrote:
         | National Grid has operations in the USA these days, it's no
         | longer a UK only business.
        
       | gary_0 wrote:
       | Lots of fun facts on the Wikipedia page:
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_Link
       | 
       | > Annual transmission capacity of 12.3 TWh.
       | 
       | > The actual cable is made of copper, steel, paper and plastic
       | and weighs about 40 kg per meter.
       | 
       | > It is similar in capacity and length to the UK-Norway North Sea
       | Link.
        
       | hokkos wrote:
       | If you want to see the exchange for the whole europe zone :
       | 
       | https://energygraph.info/d/7dWs1mVVk/interconnect-physical-f...
        
       | CapitalistCartr wrote:
       | So it has a payback period of over 3 decades. Lots of talk of all
       | the resources spent building it, only the carbon savings of
       | usage. I wonder how long the carbon payback is. In an era of
       | rapidly improving renewables, this doesn't seem like picking low-
       | hanging fruit.
        
         | justinclift wrote:
         | It's done by NGV, which was described as:                   NGV
         | develops, operates and invests in energy projects, technologies
         | and partnerships         to accelerate the development of our
         | clean energy future.
         | 
         | Maybe they're one of those places which invests in developing
         | infrastructure tech, to pave the way for subsequent
         | generations?
        
       | malwrar wrote:
       | Are there any safety concerns around 1.4GW flowing through a
       | cable surrounded by salt water? I'm entirely uneducated in the
       | ways of zap juice, but that sounds like a recipe for spontaneous
       | electrocution if that cable breaks anywhere.
        
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       (page generated 2023-12-29 23:00 UTC)