[HN Gopher] Every major pharmacy chain giving government warrant...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Every major pharmacy chain giving government warrantless medical
       record access
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 277 points
       Date   : 2023-12-29 15:13 UTC (7 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.techdirt.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.techdirt.com)
        
       | local_crmdgeon wrote:
       | Capsule doesn't do this, fwiw
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | Do you have an official statement from them on this?
        
       | deelowe wrote:
       | The consolidation of the medical industry has been one of the
       | most terrible things I've witnessed during my lifetime. What is
       | the end state for all this?
        
         | delfinom wrote:
         | One company owning everything?
         | 
         | To be fair, some of the consolidation is purely because the
         | costs of business have been raised so far that both doctors and
         | pharmacists can't operate independently. From mountains of
         | school debt, to requirements for IT services and compliances,
         | to the insane cost of real estate everywhere.
         | 
         | This country is heading towards one of those cyberpunk endings
         | where corporations own people.
        
           | jimbob45 wrote:
           | HIPAA was a stupid mistake by the Clinton administration. I
           | really don't care who has my medical history and the field of
           | medical study would be infinitely better off if it was
           | public.
        
             | jhloa2 wrote:
             | Now that's a take I've never heard before. It'd be
             | interesting to have an opt-in for sharing your medical
             | history with entities, but there is no way in hell I'd be
             | sharing information that is so easily weaponized against
             | me.
        
               | late2part wrote:
               | But do you use pharmacies?
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | "Yet you participate in society. Curious!"
               | https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/we-should-improve-society-
               | som...
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > It'd be interesting to have an opt-in for sharing your
               | medical history with entities
               | 
               | That already exists. It's baked into HIPAA (if you're
               | talking about medical history collected by Covered
               | Entities).
               | 
               | All "medical" data collected by direct-to-consumer
               | products that aren't providing clinical care (think
               | 23AndMe, or third-party services that allow you to book
               | appointments with doctors in a Yelp-style interface) are
               | not subject to HIPAA, so they already can legally collect
               | (and sell) that data without additional consent.
        
             | tenebrisalietum wrote:
             | Would you like employers to be able to pull medical history
             | (using "background check" type firms) and able to deny
             | employment based on your medical condition? Some employers
             | may prefer not to hire anyone who has ever been on
             | antidepressants, for example.
        
               | tiahura wrote:
               | Don't I have a right to avoid crazy or lepers?
               | 
               | Freedom of association shouldn't end just because I want
               | to hire an assistant.
        
               | tenebrisalietum wrote:
               | Individual rights vs. societal responsibilities.
               | 
               | Jobs are touted as necessary as being part of modern
               | society. Judges, legislators, and commmunity leaders
               | expect you to have a job and consider whether or not you
               | have one as judgement of your character. The health of
               | society and a community are measured by the percentage of
               | adults that have jobs. As long as this is true, then
               | strict freedom of association should have lower priority
               | than making sure everyone is employed.
               | 
               | An alternative is UBI.
        
               | jimbob45 wrote:
               | No, but health is already a protected class in employment
               | laws. Any employer pulling or seeking that information in
               | any way would open themselves up to a class action
               | lawsuit by everyone who had ever been rejected from that
               | company.
        
               | kevin_thibedeau wrote:
               | The US government does that for security clearances.
        
             | claytongulick wrote:
             | So, treatment for an STD, for example, should be public
             | information?
             | 
             | What if that treatment occurred while the spouse was on a
             | six month military deployment?
             | 
             | Mental health records should be freely available?
             | 
             | Would you enjoy having potential employers review all of
             | your conversations with a counselor before deciding whether
             | to hire you?
             | 
             | There's a very good reason why society has placed a high
             | value on the privacy of health care information above
             | almost all else, including financial.
        
               | thwarted wrote:
               | _So, treatment for an STD, for example, should be public
               | information? What if that treatment occurred while the
               | spouse was on a six month military deployment?_
               | 
               | There _has_ to be a better example of why privacy is
               | important than keeping infidelity and having an STD
               | secret from your military deployed spouse.
        
               | claytongulick wrote:
               | Marital infidelity rate is about 50% - and that's just
               | for self-admitted [1]. Actual rates are likely much
               | higher. A large majority of people of both sexes admit
               | that they would have an extra-marital affair if they
               | believed they wouldn't get caught.
               | 
               | Anecdotally, when I was I the military I saw much, much
               | higher than 50% when spouses were deployed. This seems to
               | be a pervasive issue [2].
               | 
               | Seems like a culturally relevant health issue to use as
               | an example.
               | 
               | [1] https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-
               | rankings/infidelit...
               | 
               | [2] https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28054799/
        
             | gosub100 wrote:
             | I sort of agree with you on the surface (who cares if some
             | rando knows I take thyroid meds?), but the ways medical
             | data can be used against you are very insidious. Even now
             | that preexisting conditions are history (AFAIK), if your
             | data were public, people could target you (or the elderly)
             | for snake oil cure scams, financial scams (especially if
             | they knew you were dying of cancer), identity theft scams
             | (send you fake bills and steal your money). Anything sexual
             | or psychiatric could be used to blackmail you, all sorts of
             | cruel things could be done, it just takes some imagination.
        
             | renewedrebecca wrote:
             | Imagine being a woman with a miscarriage or a trans kid in
             | Texas.
             | 
             | Healthcare info being public invites all sorts of abuse by
             | people going for political or "culture war" gains.
        
             | conductr wrote:
             | One of the catalyst for that were that insurance companies
             | were kicking people off coverage as they knew about
             | increased risk.
             | 
             | I have a female family member who never got a genetic
             | cancer lab test because a positive result came with risks
             | of her getting kicked off private insurance. Even though
             | her sister had cancer at 30 and her paternal line had tons
             | of history of women dying young for "woman issues" as it
             | was called back then.
             | 
             | Anyway she assumed she had the genetic mutation but never
             | could get the preventative surgery she should have because
             | insurance wouldn't approve it without the positive lab
             | results confirming she was at high risk for cancer.
             | 
             | It's dystopian.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | And beyond the most obvious stuff too. I worked for a
               | company that ran claims benefits management systems. We
               | had regular inquiries from our customers (insurers)
               | saying that they had genealogy databases and wanted to be
               | able to mine not just their own systems for "increased
               | familial risk" based on claims history, but wanted to be
               | able to get this information from "partner" (not actual
               | partners, just "our other customers") databases
               | similarly.
               | 
               | We would not, thankfully. But many of them asked. Some,
               | repeatedly.
        
             | HumblyTossed wrote:
             | A rather naive take. That information will be taken and
             | used against you in some way. But, hey, you do you...
        
             | sowbug wrote:
             | Lots of downvotes for this comment. Yet it represents the
             | prevailing public opinion on privacy (even if the
             | polarizing point about a particular US president is
             | removed).* How will the privacy landscape change if the
             | vast majority of people don't care?
             | 
             | *Apologies for the excessive alliteration. Didn't see until
             | I submitted.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | >costs of business have been raised so far that both doctors
           | and pharmacists can't operate independently. From mountains
           | of school debt, to requirements for IT services and
           | compliances, to the insane cost of real estate everywhere.
           | 
           | It's worth noting that the costs you listed, only
           | "requirements for IT services and compliances" seems to favor
           | large corporations. Everything else you listed don't offer
           | economies of scale (eg. 100 pharmacists = 100 "mountains of
           | school debt"), so unclear how they're contributing towards
           | consolidation.
           | 
           | >This country is heading towards one of those cyberpunk
           | endings where corporations own people.
           | 
           | I don't get it. Does a future where you have to work for
           | corporations mean "corporations own people"?
        
             | jsbisviewtiful wrote:
             | > I don't get it. Does a future where you have to work for
             | corporations mean "corporations own people"?
             | 
             | These kinds of responses are always so frustrating to see.
             | The average person clearly is not paying attention to how
             | much of a stranglehold corporations now have over the
             | populous and how often they just buy themselves power - or
             | even worse, the average populous just doesn't care or is
             | willfully ignorant. In the US especially - folks always
             | screaming about gov power but not caring about corporations
             | and billionaires owning governments.
        
               | llbeansandrice wrote:
               | It's not a problem unless they do something I don't like
               | like Apple /s
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >The average person clearly is not paying attention to
               | how much of a stranglehold corporations now have over the
               | populous and how often they just buy themselves power
               | 
               | Sounds like the actual issue is "corporation control over
               | government". Why not say that directly instead of making
               | a tenuous point about how "corporations own people"?
               | 
               | >the average populous just doesn't care or is willfully
               | ignorant
               | 
               | Have you been living under a rock? "big corporations bad"
               | is a bipartisan issue. The only difference between the
               | parties is the reasoning for why they're bad. eg. "big
               | tech is bad because they're hoarding wealth" vs "big tech
               | is bad because they're pushing woke agenda".
        
               | parineum wrote:
               | Comments full of doomsaying with no examples are always
               | so frustrating to see.
        
               | fsflover wrote:
               | For example, 99.9% of the smartphone market belongs to
               | two huge corporations, which are not very different from
               | one another (except marketing of course):
               | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34299433
        
               | chaxor wrote:
               | "screaming about government power but not caring about
               | corporations and billionaires" - that's by design. Anyone
               | falls for this (worries about government power over
               | corporations) is simply not intelligent enough to see
               | past the corporate media's shaping of the narrative. The
               | US needs a massive shift of power towards the government
               | as well as a decrease in the democratic deficit. While
               | there are plenty of problems with unions and the
               | government, overall the state of the US needs a change,
               | and smashing unions was one of the worst contributors
               | towards increasing the democratic deficit, and it would
               | greatly help to increase the functioning of local
               | democratic organizations to improve the national
               | democratic deficit.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | "so unclear how they're contributing towards
             | consolidation."
             | 
             | Easier to work for another entity than start up your own if
             | you are already on debt, especially if overhead costs
             | related to regulation require more capital.
        
             | geodel wrote:
             | > only "requirements for IT services and compliances" seems
             | to favor large corporations.
             | 
             | Of course other two matter. Large corp will have its own
             | property management department and can get better deals for
             | good locations to open new pharmacy or other medical
             | location. Further large corp can offer more reliable income
             | and better insurance to Doctors and pharmacists than small
             | single store pharmacy or doctors with individual practice.
             | 
             | See cost of group medical insurance for employees in big
             | corp vs insurance for self-employed individuals. Simply it
             | favors big corp.
        
           | Geisterde wrote:
           | >This country is heading towards one of those cyberpunk
           | endings where corporations own people.
           | 
           | That was settled in 1971, when money itself ceased to exist
           | as humans have generally known it for thousands of years, and
           | was instead replaced with fuduciary credit. So long as this
           | stands, anything, you can only buy something if you or
           | someone else has gone into debt to aquire the money for it,
           | and those dollars will eventually be removed from circulation
           | when they make their way back to a private banking cartel,
           | the federal reserve.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | For all intents and purposes, working for federal reserve
             | notes and working for yellow lumps of metal (via federal
             | reserve notes) is the same. Yellow lumps of metal can't
             | provide you with food or shelter, so you'd have to exchange
             | it with someone else that has those things. There's no
             | difference between the two aside from the fact that federal
             | reserve notes can be printed at will in response to
             | economic conditions, and yellow lumps of metal are
             | extracted from the ground at haphazard rates.
        
               | claytongulick wrote:
               | > aside from the fact that federal reserve notes can be
               | printed at will in response to economic conditions, and
               | yellow lumps of metal are extracted from the ground at
               | haphazard rates.
               | 
               | That's a pretty key difference.
               | 
               | The value is based on scarcity.
               | 
               | When there's no scarcity constraint, we can all just
               | collectively vote ourselves to be billionaires.
               | 
               | What could go wrong?
        
               | renewedrebecca wrote:
               | And yet, after all this time, we _haven 't_ voted
               | ourselves to be billionaires.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >What could go wrong?
               | 
               | I could say the same for basing your money supply on the
               | production of a yellow metal. What happens when there's a
               | massive discovery of gold? Or there's a (trade) war
               | between the top producers (eg. china, australia, and
               | russia)? Or when there's a worldwide pandemic and you
               | need to provide stimulus so the economy doesn't collapse?
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >What happens when there's a massive discovery of gold?
               | Or there's a (trade) war between the top producers (eg.
               | china, australia, and russia)?
               | 
               | Never in history has this situation caused a collapse
               | like the hyperinflation seen in Weimar Germany or
               | recently Zimbabwe. Because even a huge change in supply
               | is only going to affect price by a double digit percent
               | (check a chart of historical gold price volatility),
               | while hyperinflation can reduce the value of currency by
               | orders of magnitude.
               | 
               | >Or when there's a worldwide pandemic and you need to
               | provide stimulus so the economy doesn't collapse?
               | 
               | The stimulus was only necessary because of the lockdowns,
               | which in hindsight proved completely counter-productive,
               | empirically producing no overall reduction in deaths (htt
               | ps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/hec.4737 ).
               | Without the ability to print money governments wouldn't
               | have been able to get away with locking down their
               | citizens so long, and the damage they inflicted on mental
               | health and children's educational outcomes could have
               | been reduced.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >The stimulus was only necessary because of the lockdowns
               | 
               | The question of whether lockdowns were justified aside,
               | pandemics aren't the only form of economic calamity that
               | might occur. Financial crisis occur. Other supply shocks
               | (eg. war in ukranie) exist as well.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | And printing money isn't the only way to deal with supply
               | shocks; a government could also use its reserves, as e.g.
               | Singapore did during covid.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | 1. Singapore is a city state that has a GDP around twice
               | of other developed economies. What works for it does not
               | necessarily work for every other country.
               | 
               | 2. There's opportunity costs with keeping such high
               | reserves around, rather than doing something productive
               | like investing in infrastructure.
               | 
               | 3. It's unclear how introducing massive amounts of gold
               | (previously held in reserve) into the economy won't cause
               | inflationary effects. Like I said earlier, you can't eat
               | gold. Dumping a bunch of gold into the economy doesn't
               | magically increase the amount of goods in existence,
               | which would also lead to inflation that money printing
               | would cause.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | > 1. Singapore is a city state that has a GDP around
               | twice of other developed economies. What works for it
               | does not necessarily work for every other country.
               | 
               | China as a country with relatively low GDP per capita
               | also manages to maintain high foreign exchange reserves.
               | 
               | >2. There's opportunity costs with keeping such high
               | reserves around, rather than doing something productive
               | like investing in infrastructure.
               | 
               | Infrastructure spending is only a small fraction of the
               | US budget compared to warfare; if the US hadn't gone to
               | war in Iraq and Afghanistan it could have a few trillion
               | dollars of reserves with no drop in productive spending.
               | 
               | > It's unclear how introducing massive amounts of gold
               | (previously held in reserve) into the economy won't cause
               | inflationary effects. Like I said earlier, you can't eat
               | gold. Dumping a bunch of gold into the economy doesn't
               | magically increase the amount of goods in existence,
               | which would also lead to inflation that money printing
               | would cause.
               | 
               | It would cause inflationary effects initially, but this
               | would be a one-off thing, as the mining rate of gold is
               | relatively steady.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >China as a country with relatively low GDP per capita
               | also manages to maintain high foreign exchange reserves.
               | 
               | And they're only able to pull it off by having a high
               | trade surplus. Needless to say, not everyone can have a
               | high trade surplus, so it's unclear how this is a policy
               | that can generalize.
               | 
               | >if the US hadn't gone to war in Iraq and Afghanistan it
               | could have a few trillion dollars of reserves with no
               | drop in productive spending.
               | 
               | If the pandemic is anything to go by, if there's a
               | surplus the money would get plowed into tax cuts, not
               | reserves.
               | 
               | https://www.economist.com/united-
               | states/2022/08/25/states-ha...
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >And they're only able to pull it off by having a high
               | trade surplus. Needless to say, not everyone can have a
               | high trade surplus, so it's unclear how this is a policy
               | that can generalize.
               | 
               | Governments with a gold-backed currency could maintain
               | high (government) reserves even with a high trade
               | deficit. Imagine a king with literal gold currency, a
               | huge pile of gold in his throne-room. No matter how large
               | the private economy's trade deficit, he's still going to
               | have the same amount of gold in his pile.
               | 
               | >If the pandemic is anything to go by, if there's a
               | surplus the money would get plowed into tax cuts, not
               | reserves.
               | 
               | If governments couldn't print money they'd be forced to
               | be more economically cautious, because they couldn't just
               | print themselves out of trouble, instead they'd need a
               | tax, which would face more resistance.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Imagine a king with literal gold currency, a huge pile
               | of gold in his throne-room. No matter how large the
               | private economy's trade deficit, he's still going to have
               | the same amount of gold in his pile.
               | 
               | Isn't that just quantitative easing/tightening by another
               | name? During good times you're taking gold out of
               | circulation to build reserves, and during bad times
               | you're releasing gold out of reserves to stimulate the
               | economy.
               | 
               | >because they couldn't just print themselves out of
               | trouble, instead they'd need a tax, which would face more
               | resistance.
               | 
               | The above example involves US states, which can't print
               | their own money.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >Isn't that just quantitative easing/tightening by
               | another name? During good times you're taking gold out of
               | circulation to build reserves, and during bad times
               | you're releasing gold out of reserves to stimulate the
               | economy.
               | 
               | Yes, exactly. But in this scenario the gold's being taken
               | out of circulation by taxation rather than by inflation,
               | which makes it more visible and constrained. Similarly
               | the release is constrained by the amount of physical gold
               | reserves, so you couldn't realistically have e.g. a few
               | years of 100%+ inflation rates. And the process of
               | transferring the wealth is less lossy; 100% goes to the
               | government, none to intermediaries in the financial
               | system.
               | 
               | >The above example involves US states, which can't print
               | their own money.
               | 
               | They can't, but they can try to get the federal
               | government, which can, to bail them out.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >which makes it more visible and constrained
               | 
               | It comes at a heavy cost though: you need to keep tons of
               | the yellow stuff around, rely on the past administrations
               | being prudent to actually keep a sufficient reserve. In
               | the end you're still relying on people to act prudently.
               | 
               | >They can't, but they can try to get the federal
               | government, which can, to bail them out.
               | 
               | I mean if you're going to invoke extraordinary measures
               | like this, then I can also invoke up extraordinary
               | measures like the government debasing the currency, which
               | was still done even when countries were on the gold
               | standard.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >It comes at a heavy cost though: you need to keep tons
               | of the yellow stuff around
               | 
               | A cost to the government, but much less of a cost to the
               | lower classes, who pay low taxes thanks to progressive
               | taxation so inflation represents the biggest drain on
               | their wealth (especially since most don't have access to
               | financial instruments or the education to use them).
               | 
               | >I mean if you're going to invoke extraordinary measures
               | like this
               | 
               | It's not necessarily extraordinary; we haven't seen the
               | Federal government bail out a state yet but we also
               | haven't yet seen a state undergo a complete financial
               | collapse, so it's quite possible there'd be a bailout if
               | things got bad enough. The WSJ predicts a bailout of the
               | states is upcoming: https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-
               | coming-biden-bailout-of-blu...
               | 
               | >like the government debasing the currency, which was
               | still done even when countries were on the gold standard
               | 
               | They did that by essentially turning their currency into
               | a fiat currency: saying it was worth X, when the actual
               | precious metal it consisted of was only worth e.g. half
               | of X. But yes you're right that in theory nothing
               | prevents a government with 100% gold standard from
               | debasing it like that, however doing so would be more
               | visible to citizens than inflation since it'd require
               | centralising how the currency was priced.
        
               | Geisterde wrote:
               | I dont know whether being able to call it quantitative
               | easing matters at that point. If the government has a
               | pile of gold it deploys during an economic downturn, say
               | they get it right and actually help, people will be less
               | dissatisfied with the subsequent taxation. If they get it
               | wrong though, and cause problems or fail to help the
               | situation, people will be more resistant to that
               | taxation; in the next cycle the government will be more
               | careful about their allocations, pressured both by
               | resource constraints and political pressure.
               | 
               | Wouldnt that be a healthier cycle than one where we just
               | paper over everything?
        
               | Geisterde wrote:
               | Right, its just how the power was used in real life,
               | rather than the utopia that you were promised.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >For all intents and purposes, working for federal
               | reserve notes and working for yellow lumps of metal (via
               | federal reserve notes) is the same
               | 
               | It's absolutely not because with federal reserve notes
               | 2-3% of your purchasing power (more recently) is
               | transferred every year to the elites in the financial
               | system. Because the Federal Reserve doesn't just deposit
               | money evenly into everybody's bank accounts, it loans it
               | out to banks, and banks as the first recipients of the
               | newly created money benefit from a wealth transfer from
               | the last recipients of the newly created money (termed
               | the Cantillon effect).
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | It's a leap to go from "Cantillon effect" to "2-3% of
               | your purchasing power (more recently) is transferred
               | every year to the elites in the financial system". I
               | agree there's some benefit from getting the money sooner,
               | but it's nowhere close to 100% of inflation.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | Yes you are right, a lot of that 2-3% goes to the
               | government, and only the remaining part goes to elites in
               | the financial system. It's still higher though than the
               | 0% it'd be with gold-based money (or a Fed that
               | helicopter-dropped money directly into people's bank
               | accounts).
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >Yes you are right, a lot of that 2-3% goes to the
               | government
               | 
               | I'm not really sure how that's the case when inflation
               | expectations are baked into any sort of fixed income
               | products.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >I'm not really sure how that's the case when inflation
               | expectations are baked into any sort of fixed income
               | products.
               | 
               | The poorest people in the US, lower and lower-middle
               | class, aren't holding many fixed-income products, and
               | they're the ones hit hardest by inflation. But that
               | aside, even if your fixed-income product covers
               | inflation, you're still taxed on the capital gains as if
               | it was real profit, because capital gains taxes (at least
               | in the US) don't account for inflation. I.e. they tax the
               | nominal gain, not the real gain.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | This presumes that inflation wouldn't happen with gold,
               | which isn't straightforwardly true. Technological
               | advances could make gold easier to extract which would
               | increase their supply, which in effect is printing money.
               | Also, going back to your point about how benefit accrues
               | to "elites in the financial system" because of the
               | Cantillon effect, it's unclear why that wouldn't occur
               | with gold backed currency. After all, gold would still be
               | mined. The only difference is that it would go to miners
               | rather than "elites in the financial system".
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >This presumes that inflation wouldn't happen with gold,
               | which isn't straightforwardly true. Technological
               | advances could make gold easier to extract which would
               | increase their supply, which in effect is printing money.
               | 
               | Yes, but it's unlikely there'd be such advances made
               | consistently year after year, given that's not what we've
               | seen historically. The US had a gold-backed currency for
               | the entire 1800s and there wasn't any significant
               | inflation: https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-
               | us/monetary-policy/infl... .
               | 
               | >The only difference is that it would go to miners rather
               | than "elites in the financial system".
               | 
               | Yes you're right. Based on historical data though I'd
               | expect them to receive overall much less than the
               | financial industry currently does, given how much less
               | inflation there was in the period prior to Bretton Woods
               | ending. As per that link I shared earlier, the CPI was 51
               | in 1800, 25 in 1900, 116.7 in 1970, and 900 in 2023.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | >The US had a gold-backed currency for the entire 1800s
               | and there wasn't any significant inflation:
               | https://www.minneapolisfed.org/about-us/monetary-
               | policy/infl... .
               | 
               | The same source also shows that between 1800 and 1850
               | prices halved. I guess that's technically not inflation,
               | but 50% deflation isn't great either and causes other
               | economic problems.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >I guess that's technically not inflation, but 50%
               | deflation isn't great either and causes other economic
               | problems
               | 
               | Yes, there was a lot of deflation in the 1800s, and
               | although it caused hardship, GDP per capita continued to
               | grow at around 4% throughout the century, without huge
               | dips like we saw in the Great Depression or the GFC.
        
               | Geisterde wrote:
               | Historically the profit from gold mining was the least
               | common denominator of society. The cost of gold mining
               | closely tracks the revenue, meaning almost any other
               | profitable investment would be preferable.
        
               | airbreather wrote:
               | Gold mining is effectively a black box that takes diesel
               | in and produces gold out
        
               | Geisterde wrote:
               | The bailouts of 2008 led to a k shaped recovery just like
               | the bailouts and stimulus of covid.
               | 
               | People save money when times are hard, interest rates
               | rise and unproductive ventures collapse, that is the
               | homeostatic response of the economy and it is a healthy
               | one; when productive ventures prove themselves, they are
               | able to attract the investment of savers and use it to
               | aquire capital goods etc.
               | 
               | When you print money in an attempt to stimulate the
               | economy, you are sending mixed signals to investors who
               | now have to worry about inflation eating their savings,
               | ecouraging them to spend or invest in often unproductive
               | ventures. This response drives up the cost of consumer
               | goods and allows those unproductive ventures to suck up
               | the capital goods that would be better used elsewhere.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | The alternative of "economy goes bad -> people try to
               | save money -> supply dries up -> economy goes even
               | worse", as we saw in the great depression isn't great
               | either.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | The great depression wasn't caused by just people saving
               | money. The US imposed massive trade tariffs prior to it,
               | which as predicted by basic macroeconomics had a big
               | negative impact. It also added price controls, even on
               | labour, which again as predicted by basic econ prevented
               | the market from clearing and led to mass unemployment (as
               | deflation was happening, price floors prevented wages
               | from following it, so in real terms wages were too high
               | for employers to afford, causing mass unemployment).
               | Those price controls BTW are why health insurance is tied
               | to employers in the US: because companies at the time
               | couldn't offer higher wages above the price ceiling, so
               | instead compensated by offering benefits like insurance
               | instead.
        
               | Geisterde wrote:
               | The federal reserve admitted that their policies
               | prolonged the great depression.
               | 
               | People will buy the things that they need, resources will
               | follow those needs because thats what people are actually
               | buying. Some things might die, that is a reflection of
               | society not actually caring very much about it, otherwise
               | they would be buying it. This is in fact an attempt to
               | re-organize the economy around specific things that
               | wouldnt otherwise be supported by the market, with some
               | crumbs left to curate votes.
               | 
               | When people save, interest rates go up, freeing the
               | capital goods needed for ventures that the market
               | actually has a revealed preference for.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | > The federal reserve admitted that their policies
               | prolonged the great depression.
               | 
               | their policies of what? Not engaging in stimulus?
               | 
               | >People will buy the things that they need
               | 
               | People buying the bare minimum also means there's little
               | investment going on, which needless to say is bad for
               | economic growth.
               | 
               | >When people save, interest rates go up
               | 
               | Why would that be the case? Interest rates are a
               | reflection of the cost of money. When there's more money
               | floating around, the cost of borrowing becomes cheaper,
               | not more expensive. Or to put it another way: for every
               | saver, there has to be a borrower. If there's more savers
               | than borrowers, then the savers will have to compete with
               | each other on price (ie. the interest rate they charge),
               | driving them down.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >People buying the bare minimum also means there's little
               | investment going on, which needless to say is bad for
               | economic growth.
               | 
               | Not spending money indirectly contributes to investment.
               | If you imagine 50% of the population suddenly decided to
               | not spend any money for 10 years, and they hold 50% of
               | all the money in circulation, in the short term this is
               | essentially equivalent to burning 50% of the money
               | supply, in that the reduction of the supply of money in
               | the market leads to an increase in the value of money,
               | which allows the people spending money at that time
               | (including people making investments) to obtain more
               | goods and services for their money.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | But if the economy is going to shit, who are the people
               | that are sticking their necks out by borrowing money to
               | invest, rather than accumulating savings to weather the
               | downturn?
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >who are the people that are sticking their necks out by
               | borrowing money to invest, rather than accumulating
               | savings to weather the downturn
               | 
               | Normal people aren't, but rich people (who don't face any
               | real risk to their standard of living from a crash) are
               | incentivised to "buy the low" while everything is cheap.
               | And they can buy more thanks to the purchasing power that
               | other currency holders temporarily forfeited by pulling
               | their money out of circulation.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | You claimed a few comments up that printing money would
               | cause people "to spend or invest in often unproductive
               | ventures", but based on what you're saying now, it would
               | have the same effect? ie. more savings = more investments
               | are needed to balance them out = more questionable
               | ventures being funded as savers chase ever more
               | questionable ventures for yields.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | >more questionable ventures being funded as savers chase
               | ever more questionable ventures for yields
               | 
               | The difference is that for private investment there's a
               | process of natural selection: bad investors lose money to
               | good investors, and over time the people with a record of
               | better investment end up with more money, and overall
               | better investments are made. Whereas the US government
               | can keep spending money on economically unproductive
               | things like the war in Afghanistan indefinitely without
               | any feedback loop to stop it.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | I agree that if government was somehow involved in the
               | lending (ie. choosing which companies to bail out), there
               | would be a risk of picking winners/losers and creating
               | zombie firms, but it's unclear how it's an issue
               | exclusive to fiat currency. After all, governments can
               | still take on debt even while on the gold standard, and
               | can still engage in bailouts.
        
               | logicchains wrote:
               | Yes, the lending during bailouts could still pick
               | winners/losers, but overall during normal times the
               | government would be spending relatively less compared to
               | the private market (as it'd be constrained to what level
               | of taxation voters were willing to tolerate), and there'd
               | also be potentially more oversight over its spending (as
               | it'd have to justify spending increases in order to
               | receive public support for increasing taxes to pay for
               | it).
        
               | Geisterde wrote:
               | People wkll invest in the ventures that have a profit,
               | because those can weather the storm. Eventually the
               | growth of those companies creates the economic surplus
               | that allows greater specialization to return, only built
               | on a foundation of profitable companies.
               | 
               | When you bail companies out, you create zombies that dont
               | need to compete for the business, they will weather the
               | storm and come out the other side monopolizing the
               | market. The specialization that flows from that is the
               | spread of a cancer, doubling down on a failed foundation.
        
               | Geisterde wrote:
               | >their policies of what?
               | 
               | This was answered by the other poster
               | 
               | >People buying the bare minimum also means there's little
               | investment going on, which needless to say is bad for
               | economic growth.
               | 
               | Growth for who? There is little investment going on, that
               | is the point, ventures that cant profit die, freeing
               | their resources up for more productive ventures.
               | 
               | >Why would that be the case?
               | 
               | In this paragraph you moreso identify the market forces
               | that eventually cause rates to come down. Eventually
               | there is enough savings, and when companies come forward
               | demonstrating their ability to create value, competition
               | between savers pushes rates back down. This comes _after_
               | the period of everyone stuffing their money under the
               | mattresses.
               | 
               | You are confusing saving and lending, there is a creditor
               | (buyer) for every lender, not every saver.
               | 
               | --------------
               | 
               | Lets summarize. I hope you find the following to at least
               | engage you and make you question your prior understanding
               | of the issue at hand.
               | 
               | You are concerned that companies will own everything, but
               | are not concerned with the 7% YOY (its not 2-3%) growth
               | in the money supply, and how all interest on money that
               | was printed into existence. The principle of that money
               | will eventually be taken back out of circulation, leaving
               | interest that remains to be paid. If you bought a house,
               | but only paid back the principle, the bank is still going
               | to repo your house, they own it afterall; there isnt
               | enough money in the economy to repay the principle,
               | meaning either mega-default across basically all
               | industries, or we have to take on _more_ debt to repay
               | the interest on the last debt; since we are dealing with
               | precentages and compounding interest, a greater and
               | greater sum of resources go explicity to repaying debt.
               | 
               | If you wanted your repo-men world where everyone is
               | enslaved to debt and private companies, thats all you
               | need, just let it play itself out. If you really wanted
               | to take it up a notch though, theres more we could do to
               | confuse and repress the poor. Print lots of money, it
               | doesnt matter how you justify it, forever wars, bank
               | bailouts, socialized healthcare and welfare, it doesnt
               | matter! When this money is printed, it will accelerate
               | the process by rapidly growing the total amount of
               | interest owed, and you will of course have your pockets
               | open to receiving these streams of cash.
               | 
               | Why do you think politicians have been getting so rich
               | off the stock market? Do you think its because these
               | people are world class investors? All of them? They are
               | invested in the same companies that they regulate, and by
               | that I mean they protect those companys against
               | competition, and provide stimulus when possible.
               | 
               | For the average person? The time-price of everything this
               | money touches goes up, thats how many hours the median
               | american has to work to aquire a good. Housing,
               | healthcare, education, defense, everything that is paid
               | for with money being printed into existence, is going up
               | in price dramatically. Things like, tvs, computers, they
               | become more accessible every year.
        
           | deelowe wrote:
           | These "costs" you speak of are purely fabricated through a
           | complex system of insurance, pharmacy consolidation, medical
           | practice consolidation, and intermediaries who structure the
           | pricing.
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | Consolidation drives consolidation. It's a closed loop.
             | 
             | We've gotten to the point where 'communist' China has more
             | competition than most of the west does.
        
           | teeray wrote:
           | > mountains of school debt
           | 
           | Is this, plus the liability insurance aspect, the root of the
           | problem? I wonder if prospective doctors could "enlist" where
           | the government pays for all this training and shields them on
           | the condition that they follow orders for some period of time
           | like "be a primary care doctor in this underserved community
           | and treat everyone." You can't go be a Malibu plastic surgeon
           | until after your mandatory service period.
        
             | MattGaiser wrote:
             | Isn't this just the military? Canadian military is
             | perpetually short of medical staff even with this.
        
               | teeray wrote:
               | Not exactly my thoughts, but similar. The military trains
               | doctors for troops and veterans. This would be for the
               | benefit of civilians. One provides for the common
               | defense, this would promote the general welfare.
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | "Is this, plus the liability insurance aspect, the root of
             | the problem?"
             | 
             | Maybe for some, but not all. I know of more than a few
             | older doctors that decided to retire because they didn't
             | want to deal with increased regulation. So it's not always
             | a money issue.
             | 
             | "I wonder if prospective doctors could "enlist" where the
             | government pays for all this training and shields them"
             | 
             | They have these programs for military doctors. Doctors
             | working for the VA (and maybe other federal things like
             | prisons) can usually avoid a lot of state related costs,
             | which I believe includes malpractice insurance (or maybe
             | the federal version of malpractice is cheaper).
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | Medical school is so expensive because it's a cartel; the
             | government limits new entrants, so the schools can charge
             | whatever they want because they know they're not going to
             | get any competition. And it doesn't allow people to
             | practice medicine unless they attended one of those
             | privileged schools.
        
               | FireBeyond wrote:
               | > the government limits new entrants
               | 
               | ... based on lobbying from the AMA, which is only in the
               | last couple of years reluctantly acknowledging that
               | maybe, perhaps, possibly, it shot itself in the foot with
               | the increasing amount of physician burnout.
        
               | lotsofpulp wrote:
               | Source? I don't think the federal US government has any
               | say about how many medical school students there can be.
               | 
               | The federal government does provide funding for residency
               | positions, and all doctors are required to complete
               | residency. This residency funding has been effectively
               | flat for many, many years, effectively capping the number
               | of residency positions, which then caps the number of new
               | doctors per year.
               | 
               | But I am not sure what exactly limits anyone other than
               | the government from funding residency positions.
        
             | NegativeK wrote:
             | Teach for America (a non-profit) works with some colleges
             | to offset some of the tuition. There are states in the US
             | that will cover the difference of out of state tuition at
             | an out of state veterinary medical school in exchange for
             | years of work in state.
             | 
             | Unsurprisingly, those programs still exist because there
             | are still shortages despite the help they're bringing. But
             | there's precedent.
        
         | Centigonal wrote:
         | Perhaps we'll get single-payer... but the single payer will
         | have a profit motive.
        
         | droopyEyelids wrote:
         | A move towards "Value Based Pricing" for medical services,
         | where pricing corresponds to the value of our lives.
        
       | hollerith wrote:
       | Does anyone know of an actual case of a person who was impacted
       | by this? The OP does not describe such a one. Is the only impact
       | on people suspected of using prescription drugs to kill, rape or
       | otherwise harm? I am having trouble imagining other kinds of
       | impacts.
        
         | alemanek wrote:
         | If the police have a reasonable suspicion then they should have
         | no problem getting a warrant. If they cant clear that bar then
         | maybe they shouldn't get that information.
         | 
         | Rules aren't just for people you like or approve of.
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | So you're not curious at all about how this "information
           | leak" you probably did not know about before today could bite
           | you personally? For you, this conversation is only about
           | public policy and how you and I might change it -- and not at
           | all about how you personally (or someone you care about)
           | could modify your purchasing behavior to reduce your
           | vulnerability to adverse governmental action?
           | 
           | I agree with the legal principle you describe, but to me that
           | is the less interesting angle because public policy is hard
           | to change whereas my own behavior is much easier to change.
           | It is amusing that I cannot have a conversation here about
           | any other angle without getting downvoted by people opposed
           | to any writings that could possibly be useful to the opposing
           | side in the public debate over the one angle they want to
           | talk (write) about.
        
           | xxpor wrote:
           | The standard for a warrant is probable cause, not reasonable
           | suspicion.
        
             | ClumsyPilot wrote:
             | I think OP's point is that, without privacy, there is no
             | standard at all.
        
         | mindcrime wrote:
         | _Does anyone know of an actual case of a person who was
         | impacted by this?_
         | 
         | What difference does that make? It's wrong, regardless of
         | whether or not one can cite a specific case where it affected
         | someone. This is no different than the b.s. "you don't need
         | privacy if you don't have anything to hide" crap that people
         | spout sometimes.
         | 
         | If the govt. needs this information, the can get a warrant. If
         | they can't get a warrant, they don't need the information. This
         | isn't that hard to figure out.
        
         | edrxty wrote:
         | Oh boy...
         | 
         | Here's a good one: the FAA categorically prevents any pilots
         | from taking any psychiatric medication (minor caveats but the
         | point holds in practice), in particular for depression,
         | anxiety, and ADHD, all of which are _extremely_ common in the
         | airlines. As such, everyone just hides their diagnosis and
         | waits until they snap because the alternative is permanently
         | losing a job they took out hundreds of thousands in loans to
         | get. Others pay out of pocket for treatment under false names
         | so the FAA is currently trying to hunt them down.
         | 
         | Before anyone says the usual stuff about not wanting their
         | pilots on meds, the medications are safe to fly on and much
         | safer than the alternative, the FAA just hasn't updated their
         | psych guidelines since Freud was the standard because any
         | change would open whichever bureaucrat up to being hauled in
         | front of Congress for the next accident regardless of
         | culpability. Additionally the medication standards are also
         | inherited from ICAO so even if we wanted to change, we'd need
         | to convince the likes of China and the Saudis (both major
         | stakeholders) that they can come out from the rock they live
         | under and accept modern psychological science.
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | Thank you!
        
           | raverbashing wrote:
           | Ugh, this is absurd
           | 
           | And I agree, it is safer to just get the drugs. Maybe some
           | very specific drugs should be excluded, but that's it
           | 
           | Same with leaded fuel and some very old mechanical gizmos in
           | planes.
        
           | logicchains wrote:
           | >we'd need to convince the likes of China and the Saudis
           | (both major stakeholders) that they can come out from the
           | rock they live under and accept modern psychological science.
           | 
           | Giving how overwhelmingly worse the mental health is of
           | people, especially young people, in America, I can see why
           | the Chinese and Saudis are so reluctant to accept western
           | psychological "science".
        
             | parineum wrote:
             | What's it like to do a young woman in Saudi Arabia or a
             | young Muslim in China?
        
               | SpaghettiCthulu wrote:
               | That's completely irrelevant to what OP was saying.
        
               | ceejayoz wrote:
               | No, it isn't. Mental health is a lot easier if you don't
               | care about large portions of the population.
        
             | wyre wrote:
             | I would hope that the Chinese and Saudi's realize the youth
             | in America's mental health is largely due to America's
             | unique flavor of corporatacracy and the climate crisis. If
             | you think this is wrong you either don't know or understand
             | American youth or you're being willfully ignorant.
        
             | edrxty wrote:
             | We're talking about two different things: the cause of
             | mental health issues and the treatment of mental health
             | issues. The US is pretty modern at treating them and pretty
             | outstanding at causing them.
        
               | hamhock666 wrote:
               | Yes but it seems like the treatment is addressing the
               | symptoms and not the outstanding source of them as you
               | say. We are slapping band-aids on an open wound
        
             | 1920musicman wrote:
             | Ha, it's like saying there are no gay people in Saudi
             | Arabia. If having psychological issues is extremely
             | stigmatized by the society don't expect the stats to
             | reflect reality in any trustworthy sense.
        
           | ijhuygft776 wrote:
           | > FAA categorically prevents any pilots from taking any
           | psychiatric medication
           | 
           | Some of those medications can alter you in a big way... at
           | least many of those medications should be on the list...
        
         | ceejayoz wrote:
         | > I am having trouble imagining other kinds of impacts.
         | 
         | You don't even have to imagine; there are plenty of concrete
         | examples.
         | 
         | https://www.nbcnews.com/nbc-out/out-politics-and-policy/seat...
         | 
         | "Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton asked a Seattle hospital to
         | hand over records regarding gender-affirming treatment
         | potentially given to children from Texas, according to court
         | filings that appear to show the Republican going beyond state
         | borders to investigate transgender health care."
         | 
         | https://montanafreepress.org/2023/07/19/knudsen-other-republ...
         | 
         | "Montana's attorney general and Republican officials from 18
         | other states are opposing a federal effort to strengthen
         | medical privacy regulations, arguing that states with abortion
         | bans should be able to obtain reproductive health care records
         | for criminal investigations, including when a patient travels
         | to another state."
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | Thank you!
        
           | ClumsyPilot wrote:
           | > Republican officials from 18 other states are opposing a
           | federal effort to strengthen medical privacy regulations
           | 
           | Against big government when it suits, I see. Hypocrisy is the
           | worst disease in politics.
        
             | claytongulick wrote:
             | Succumbing to the temptation of expediency to achieve one's
             | ideology is indeed a plague that affects all of politics.
             | 
             | Dismissing critical thought, first order reasoning, and
             | "the ends justify the means" short-term focus has brought
             | our country once again to the brink of civil unrest.
             | 
             | Unfortunately, it's a phenomenon that's not limited to any
             | particular political party.
        
             | FireBeyond wrote:
             | Yup, and Texas, who also tried to sue Pennsylvania (and
             | Georgia, Michigan and Wisconsin) over how they ran their
             | elections in 2020.
             | 
             | > Within one day of Texas's filing, Trump, over 100
             | Republican Representatives, and 18 Republican state
             | attorneys general filed motions to support the case.
             | 
             | I expect that the 18 states opposing strengthening medical
             | privacy are the same 18 states whose AGs filed these
             | motions.
        
         | gosub100 wrote:
         | they could use it selectively to take away someone's guns.
         | let's say someone gets on the wrong side of a politician who
         | wants to wreck them. politician starts an "investigation" of
         | the enemy, finds some very loose diagnosis of, say, depression,
         | then has armed thugs raid the house and "remove all weapons",
         | right after notifying the media. then the media leaks "our
         | sources confirm $badguy was treated for an unknown psyciatric
         | condition 2 years ago and tonight was found in possession of a
         | high-powered rifle and out of concern for the safety of his
         | family, his weapons have been confiscated". His reputation
         | (whoever he is) is now shat on.
        
         | fritzo wrote:
         | Thanks, I was wondering the same.
         | 
         | For those downvoting this question, I think askers are trying
         | to weigh the benefits of better data-based decision making
         | versus privacy. Amidst an opioid crisis we're wondering if more
         | patient-level data may have helped form an earlier picture of
         | abuse. Having done some data science, I immediately see the
         | benefits of clearer pictures to inform policy; and having
         | lucked out of being targeted for medical violence I'm honestly
         | looking for examples.
        
         | BobaFloutist wrote:
         | >Is the only impact on people suspected of using prescription
         | drugs to kill, rape or otherwise harm?
         | 
         | The point of a warrant is that you need to have this suspicion
         | to pull the info. If it doesn't take a warrant, they can go on
         | fishing expeditions.
        
       | calibas wrote:
       | The government can violate your rights so long as they go through
       | a 3rd party...
        
       | pvg wrote:
       | Big thread last week
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38719918
       | 
       | and last last week
       | 
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38615841
        
         | dang wrote:
         | Thanks! Macroexpanded:
         | 
         |  _Police get medical records without a warrant_ -
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38719918 - Dec 2023 (258
         | comments)
         | 
         |  _Pharmacies share medical data with police without a warrant,
         | inquiry finds_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38615841
         | - Dec 2023 (46 comments)
        
       | CodeAndCuffs wrote:
       | I used to work in Drug Diversion investigations, which is
       | basically any time a prescription medication gets used from
       | something other than intended bona fide medical use. Sometimes
       | its doctors selling prescription drugs for non-medical use,
       | sometimes its medical staff stealing.
       | 
       | The biggest thing we covered was prescription fraud. People
       | stealing or forging doctor's prescriptions. Some were more subtle
       | about it. Sometimes you'd see a patient filling a 30mg Oxycodone,
       | 90 count.
       | 
       | Leads would come from either the Doctor, or the pharmacy. 30mg
       | Oxycodone/90 is generally a "You are in massive pain and probably
       | dying" prescription. So when a health 20 something year old walks
       | in and has it filled for themself, it raises some eyebrows.
       | They'd either call the Doctor to verify, who'd call us to
       | investigate, or theyd call us and then we'd call the doctor.
       | 
       | But the state already has access to this information. All
       | prescriptions are logged in the Prescription Monitoring Program,
       | which I believe all states how now. Any Doctor can get a
       | spreadsheet of all prescriptions filled in their name over the
       | last N days, who it was prescribed to, what for, and when. It was
       | an invaluable tool. Doctor Adams tells us he never wrote this
       | prescription for Bill. We lookup Bill and see he has filled
       | similar suspicious prescriptions from Doctor Charles and Doctor
       | Daniels. We talk to Charles and Daniels and they tell us that
       | Bill isnt their patient either. We encourage Charles and Daniels
       | to check their PMP report, and they uncover 4 or 5 more
       | suspicious prescriptions, and we just keep pulling at this thread
       | uncovering more and more.
       | 
       | Of course there is potential for abuse and neglect, but we werent
       | (and couldnt, legally) just go into a pharmacy and ask for random
       | documents, or lookup random names on the PMP. We had to have an
       | initial lead, usually a doctor, or a pharmacist, who saw
       | something suspicious. From there, its just checking state
       | records, verifying what we saw with doctors, and getting paper
       | evidence of the stuff we already knew was false. I had maybe 3
       | cases where we had a red flag, called the doc, and they doc said
       | "Yeah thats legit" and that was the end of the conversation. I
       | don't need to know why this patient is on this narcotic, I just
       | needed to know if it was a fraudulent. If its not, then thats
       | between the doc and the patient.
       | 
       | State law gave us authority to request pharmacy records, i.e.
       | prescriptions and pickup logs, without a warrant. Most
       | pharmacists did it with no hesitation. A few would want to make
       | sure it wasn't a HIPPA violation (it wasnt) and that it was legal
       | (it was).
       | 
       | Concerningly, I did have a_couple instances where I asked for
       | documents and the employee started to provide them before I had a
       | chance to identify myself.
       | 
       | In summary, if we were to blindly look at someones medical
       | history or records without a bona fide articulable suspicion of a
       | crime, it'd be massively illegal. If we did have a reason to look
       | at the records, its because someone in the medical field saw
       | something suspicious and reported it. From there we were mainly
       | looking at records the government already had, and then finally
       | getting medical records from the pharmacy that was just paper
       | evidence of records we already had.
        
         | jvanderbot wrote:
         | I definitely appreciate the context here. It adds some color to
         | breathless headlines.
         | 
         | I'm curious what other precedents there are for this. Can a
         | state policing agency of some kind go and pull purchase records
         | for a credit card by name? Could they extract search history,
         | drive destinations, music lists, or something else without
         | warrant? It's not clear to me where the distinction between
         | "warrant-less search/seizure/wiretap" crosses into "Get all
         | data about a person who is outside their home for free".
        
           | chimeracoder wrote:
           | > Can a state policing agency of some kind go and pull
           | purchase records for a credit card by name? Could they
           | extract search history, drive destinations, music lists, or
           | something else without warrant? It's not clear to me where
           | the distinction between "warrant-less search/seizure/wiretap"
           | crosses into "Get all data about a person who is outside
           | their home for free".
           | 
           | Yes, law enforcement routinely goes to private companies to
           | get data without a warrant, oftentimes in cases where a
           | warrant would otherwise be required.
           | 
           | For example, Google only _just_ changed their internal policy
           | of handing location data to LEO without a warrant - and while
           | this sounds like great news, it's not as big as it seems,
           | because other players (e.g. cell carriers) also have that
           | data and are much more likely to hand it over than Google is.
           | https://time.com/6539416/google-location-history-data-
           | police...
        
         | chimeracoder wrote:
         | > In summary, if we were to blindly look at someones medical
         | history or records without a bona fide articulable suspicion of
         | a crime, it'd be massively illegal.
         | 
         | It's extensively documented that law enforcement breaks laws
         | _all the time_. Your comment isn 't reassuring at all - in
         | fact, you're just describing how normalized the process for
         | violating the 4th Amendment and patients' privacy is.
        
           | CodeAndCuffs wrote:
           | > how normalized the process for violating the 4th Amendment
           | and patients' privacy is.
           | 
           | Well thats the rub, isn't it? Right now the courts don't see
           | this as a violating of the 4th amendment. I can see the
           | argument for requiring a warrant. Im not necessarily against
           | the requirement, but this isn't normalizing a 4th amendment
           | violation any more than license checkpoint (which the courts
           | have also ruled isn't a violation)
           | 
           | [Edited to add the rest of the quote]
        
             | chimeracoder wrote:
             | > Well thats the rub, isn't it? Right now the courts don't
             | see this as a violating of the 4th amendment.
             | 
             | You omitted the end of my sentence in your quote, which is
             | operative in this case. As explained in the article, the
             | Third Party Doctrine establishes a loophole in 4th
             | Amendment case law. The system you're describing is one
             | which was created specifically to exploit this loophole: to
             | violate patients' privacy while still complying with the
             | 4th Amendment on technical grounds, all the while grossly
             | violating it in spirit.
        
               | CodeAndCuffs wrote:
               | > You omitted the end of my sentence in your quote, which
               | is operative in this case.
               | 
               | My apologies. I've re-added it with an edit note.
               | 
               | I think its a reach to say 'the system' was created to
               | exploit 4th amendment loopholes, especially in this case.
               | Again, the patients privacy isn't compromised by the
               | pharmacies at all here. The state has its claim of a
               | vested interest in prescription activity, much like with
               | drivers licenses and vehicle registration, and has a
               | database of said data, much like with licenses and
               | vehicle registration.
               | 
               | If I start running tags to see where someone lives to
               | stalk them, thats bad, and illegal. If I start running
               | prescription data for someone to see what they're on and
               | stalk them, thats bad and illegal.
               | 
               | If a car dealer says "These VINs on the car dont match,
               | we think something was stolen" we can investigate it by
               | accessing the state database. We will likely see some
               | personal information of someone who isnt guilty of
               | anything in the process of this investigation. If a
               | doctor says "This person filled a prescription under my
               | name that I didnt write" we can investigate it by
               | accessing the state database. We will likely see some
               | personal information of someone who isnt guilty of
               | anything in the process of this investigation.
               | 
               | My assertion here isnt "Everything is fine, change
               | nothing". Its "If you're concerned about privacy here,
               | you are looking at the wrong target". Warrant
               | requirements could be reasonable. Whether we get them or
               | not, I think a good start would be auto-redacting
               | Prescription Monitoring Program reports. If Doctor Adams
               | says Bill filled a fraudulent script, because Adams
               | doesnt write for percocet, I shouldnt see every name for
               | every prescription on Adams' report. That should be
               | redacted. Then if I see a script for percocet, which
               | we've established is fraudulent, we then un-redact the
               | "patient" name.
               | 
               | Again, CVS handing me a copy of a prescription that I
               | already know is fake is the least significant issue at
               | hand.
        
               | refulgentis wrote:
               | I've been here, aka worked at Google and became confused
               | why people didn't trust it, since I now trusted it.
               | 
               | Succinctly:
               | 
               | - you described an _excellent_ process
               | 
               | - the key part is "concerningly sometimes ppl handed me
               | stuff before I identified myself"
               | 
               | - there's nothing you can say or do to alleviate that
               | 
               | Furthering the Google analogy, with intent to clarify:
               | 
               | The Google version of this is "you can have all the data
               | behind 20 locks and and 32 keys and 5 biometric measures
               | and never let human eyes actually see it. Now let's
               | turnover all Google employees. You sure they'll do the
               | same thing?"
               | 
               | (the answer is no, after The Great McKinsey-ification and
               | the corner-cutting and self-justification of lies
               | demonstrated since ChatGPT)
        
             | Zak wrote:
             | > _any more than license checkpoint (which the courts have
             | also ruled isn 't a violation)_
             | 
             | Personally, I think that was a terrible ruling. Any
             | suspicionless stop and check/investigation/search in a
             | place everyone has a right to be should be treated as an
             | unreasonable search.
             | 
             | The pharmacy records checks you're describing here are
             | based on evidence that would likely hold up as probable
             | cause in court.
        
         | 1920musicman wrote:
         | To play devil's advocate: sounds like a "bona fide articulable
         | suspicion of a crime" doesn't necessarily mean there is a
         | documented reason for the release of records that has been
         | authorized by a judge. Wouldn't that leave too much space for
         | abuse?
        
           | CodeAndCuffs wrote:
           | Yeah, it could. People can also lie on affidavits for
           | warrants, but it does leave more of a paper trail to catch
           | the guy. Honestly I don't think I'd be against a warrant
           | requirement, but I also think we need a way to speed up the
           | warrant process a _lot_. Right now it often involves a 1 hour
           | + drive to a magistrates office, 30-45 minutes of filling out
           | paperwork by hand, plus the hearing, getting the actual
           | warrant printed+signed+logged, then 1 hour + drive back to
           | where you need to be. I think you'd see less pushback of
           | warrants in general if it leveraged the technology we have.
           | We should absolutely be able to file an affidavit
           | electronically, facetime a magistrate, and get a warrant
           | approved/denied that way.
           | 
           | But again, getting records from the pharmacy isn't really the
           | issue. The government already has the records of the doctor
           | that "wrote" the prescription. All the pharmacy is giving you
           | is the physical copy of the record + data of who picked it
           | up.
        
             | dvngnt_ wrote:
             | 3hrs seems like a small price to pay for patient privacy
        
               | dwattttt wrote:
               | Everything is cheap when you aren't the one paying for
               | it.
        
         | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
         | > State law gave us authority to request pharmacy records, i.e.
         | prescriptions and pickup logs, without a warrant.
         | 
         | This is good to know.
         | 
         | It is proposed that this arrangement be modified to require a
         | warrant.
         | 
         | Although I am comfortable accepting that your agency
         | demonstrates the integrity you indicate, there are ~18k other
         | law enforcement agencies in the US. A _not insignificant
         | number_ have long and well-documented histories of excessive
         | and inappropriate record access. (And many, many other LEA have
         | similar histories, even if they don 't overreach as often.)
         | 
         | A warrant provides some judicial oversight. When accessing our
         | private and confidential information, this is the reasonable
         | default.
        
           | chimeracoder wrote:
           | > It is proposed that this arrangement be modified to include
           | a warrant requirement.
           | 
           | That defeats the entire point of this arrangement, which
           | allows them to investigate in situations where the legal
           | requirements for obtaining a warrant are not met. (Which is
           | the elephant in the room: the _entire premise_ of this system
           | is to bypass established legal thresholds).
           | 
           | > Although I am comfortable accepting that your agency
           | demonstrates the integrity you indicate
           | 
           | I'm not sure that's a safe assumption. As you mention, system
           | abuse by law enforcement is incredibly common at agencies
           | across the country. If you talk to any person at one of those
           | agencies, they will almost invariably tell you that their
           | coworkers take their job seriously, that they never abuse
           | their own power, and that they can't imagine their coworkers
           | doing the same.
        
             | CodeAndCuffs wrote:
             | > That defeats the entire point of this arrangement, which
             | allows them to investigate in situations where the legal
             | requirements for obtaining a warrant are not met. (Which is
             | the elephant in the room: the entire premise of this system
             | is to bypass established legal thresholds).
             | 
             | This is just 100% false. If im pulling a prescription from
             | a pharmacy its because Doctor Adams told me "I never wrote
             | a prescription for Bill Barnes for percocet, but this state
             | maintained record says that he filled a prescription for
             | percocet at CVS #12345 on main street". That statement
             | alone is enough to get a warrant for said pharmacy records.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > That statement alone is enough to get a warrant for
               | said pharmacy records.
               | 
               | Great, then get a warrant.
               | 
               | The entire reason this story exists is because people are
               | surprised and - rightfully - upset that law enforcement
               | is able to access this information without one.
        
               | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
               | >> That statement alone is enough to get a warrant for
               | said pharmacy records.
               | 
               | > Great, then get a warrant.
               | 
               | I agree with my whole heart. This is the meat and bone of
               | the discussion.
               | 
               | And an important side note: The assertions "can't access
               | without a warrant" and "can't access at all" need to be
               | clearly distinct at all times. Once the 1st gets
               | translated as the 2nd, the good faith portion of this
               | discussion is lost.
        
             | WarOnPrivacy wrote:
             | >> Although I am comfortable accepting that your agency
             | demonstrates the integrity you indicate
             | 
             | > I'm not sure that's a safe assumption. As you mention,
             | system abuse by law enforcement is incredibly common at
             | agencies across the country.
             | 
             | I feel a benefit of the doubt costs us little in this
             | instance and I feel we need a familiarity with what
             | responsible policing looks like. To me, the OPs recounting
             | provides that.
             | 
             | Past that, I believe that the widespread bad behavior of
             | other agencies is insufficient reason for mistrust here.
             | And casually using others' bad behavior to justify mistrust
             | - this is something we reasonably criticize police for.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > I feel we need a familiarity with what responsible
               | policing looks like. To me, the OPs recounting provides
               | that.
               | 
               | The point is that nearly every cop you talk to will sound
               | like OP. That doesn't mean anything about the integrity
               | of them or their coworkers; it just means that they're
               | capable of articulating their own behavior in a way that
               | makes them sound reasonable with no context. That's an
               | incredibly low bar, one that nearly every abusive cop
               | will clear.
               | 
               | To repeat what I said in a separate comment: Having
               | worked extensively in this area, I'll be blunt and say
               | that anytime someone who works in law enforcement says
               | that there are no abuses of power in their workplace,
               | that means either they were so oblivious that they never
               | saw abuses that are occurring around them, or they were
               | so mired in the system that they are incapable of
               | recognizing the abuses of power that they themselves are
               | participating in.
               | 
               | > Past that, I believe that the widespread bad behavior
               | of other agencies is insufficient reason for mistrust
               | here.
               | 
               | On the contrary, that's exactly what "systemic abuse of
               | power" means. It means that the bad behavior is so
               | ingrained in the operations of the system that
               | individuals' actions contribute to its operations,
               | _whether or not they recognize or even understand it_.
        
         | zoklet-enjoyer wrote:
         | You should mind your own business and let people put whatever
         | they want into their bodies
        
           | caskstrength wrote:
           | Yeah, don't know why are you being downvoted. According to
           | OP's description it is just big waste of money and erosion of
           | privacy to catch some people who don't really hurt anyone.
        
       | levinb wrote:
       | Hi, I'm a former Federal LEO that has gotten warrentless access
       | to medical records - a long time ago.
       | 
       | I can't speak for every agency (there are more than 100 Federal
       | agencies with sworn officers and arrest authority, and thousands
       | of state and local agencies), but the few times I did this in the
       | early 2000s, even most of the HN crowd would have thought it
       | reasonable.
       | 
       | I was an officer in the Coast Guard and had LE powers under two
       | different branches of law - one public safety and one criminal.
       | When Bad Things happened on federal waterways, my job was to
       | first investigate threats to public safety. This comes with the
       | power to issue a subpoena. This means we can 'compel speech' and
       | then if you lie to us, you are in trouble.
       | 
       | This has more to do with what you might think the NTSB or FAA
       | might do following an accident. The government has the right
       | under current law to understand threats to the public. If a
       | shipping company is currently doing something that could dump a
       | barge full of Xylene into the bayou next to an elementary school
       | (this is not a made up scenario, and you should look up Xylene)
       | then there is a public interest compelling enough that we can
       | tell people they have to sit down and tell us the truth, and the
       | 4th amendment is not a barrier.
       | 
       | However, if a public safety investigation moves past
       | 'understanding if something is a risk to the public', and
       | individual criminal culpability appears possible, we are then
       | required to disclose to the individuals involved that we have
       | moved to a criminal investigation. In this case, the 4th comes
       | back in play and warrants are required.
       | 
       | For me, this really only came up a couple times with individuals
       | involved in an accident that were either using medical
       | prescriptions ("I missed my medications, I'm not drunk") to delay
       | us investigating a scene. Or, for a couple of injured mariners
       | who were in the hospital at the time we showed up. We needed to
       | go to the hospital get their version of the story and to confirm
       | an injury; grave injuries would increase the 'level' and thus
       | mandatory resources involved in an investigation. Also, we would
       | need to get a witness testimony from a deckhand or something that
       | was on a boat or facility and saw what happened (did the boat
       | really slam into the terminal coupling or did the guy just mess
       | up attaching it because he wasn't an officially trained Tankerman
       | who shouldn't have been operating the equipment).
       | 
       | Being in the hospital or at the doctors was an excuse used more
       | than once my companies trying to slow down inquiry into their
       | mistakes. And yes, I think for our use case, it was completely
       | reasonable for us to be able to call the hospital and ask "was so
       | and so admitted last night?", just for us to find out that they
       | were not, and went back home to mom's house to hide under orders
       | from their captain.
       | 
       | Anyway, with all that said, it seems unlikely these powers are
       | not frequently abused, even if most of the LEO community is just
       | trying to do their job. So, tin-hat away, friends.
        
         | chimeracoder wrote:
         | As someone who _also_ has a lot of experience in this area, I
         | 'll say that your comment is a classic example of the tactics
         | that that LEOs use to minimize or defend abuses of power. It's
         | actually a great case study, because it exemplifies the way
         | that abuses of power are adopted structurally at an
         | institutional level, while also drawing the line to how that is
         | internalized and effected in practice by individuals. (This
         | process is a key component of any stable system for abuse; that
         | said, it's rare to see it illustrated so plainly).
         | 
         | > Being in the hospital or at the doctors was an excuse used
         | more than once my companies trying to slow down inquiry into
         | their mistakes. And yes, I think for our use case, it was
         | completely reasonable for us to be able to call the hospital
         | and ask "was so and so admitted last night?", just for us to
         | find out that they were not, and went back home to mom's house
         | to hide under orders from their captain.
         | 
         | Just because it made _your_ job easier doesn 't mean that it
         | was legitimate. Constitutional rights, privacy laws, and case
         | law have been created specifically to _limit_ police power.
         | Yes, it would be easier if cops didn 't need warrants at all.
         | No, that is not a valid argument for bypassing them.
         | 
         | Similarly - yes, it's common for LEOs to talk to witnesses to
         | try and get them to incriminate themselves, either by engaging
         | them in interactions that don't legally require a Miranda
         | warning or by ignoring Miranda requirements altogether (which
         | happens frequently). That doesn't justify it, either legally or
         | ethically.
         | 
         | > Anyway, with all that said, it seems unlikely these powers
         | are not frequently abused, even if most of the LEO community is
         | just trying to do their job.
         | 
         | The assumption that "most LEOs are just trying to do their job"
         | is itself questionable, given how much documentation there is
         | of systemic abuse of police power. Even if it weren't, that
         | isn't a valid defense when the government has explicitly placed
         | restraints on the ways LEO can do their job (to say nothing of
         | the broader question of the legitimacy of that job in the first
         | place).
        
           | levinb wrote:
           | > Just because it made your job easier doesn't mean that it
           | was legitimate.
           | 
           | So, I suppose that the main point. In these cases, we weren't
           | investigating the individual as a suspect, we were trying to
           | understand the nature of an incident that could affect the
           | safety of others in a relatively linear fashion.
           | 
           | Imagine it's 20 years ago, there's no cameras everywhere, GPS
           | is limited to multi-meter precision - did the 50-barge tow
           | coming down the Mississipi river with millions of tons of
           | cargo hit the interstate bridge broadside or did it just
           | scrape it? There's a big pylon-shaped dent in the side of a
           | naptha barge with cement dust on it, but the captain swears
           | he just glanced it with the grain barge at the head of the
           | tow. It's ancient and looks like it's battered 100 docks in
           | the past year.
           | 
           | So, Mr. Deckhand, what hit the bridge?
           | 
           | In this scenario, he is not responsible for navigating the
           | vessel, so we assume that it's unlikley that this would
           | evolve into an investigation that would jeopardize him. And
           | thus are free to issue a subpoenea if needed to find out if
           | we need to shut down the only passage over the Mississippi
           | for 100 miles.
           | 
           | I think it's fair that the public has the right to his
           | honesty in this scenario.
           | 
           | Of course, these powers present the potential for abuse, and
           | I'm sure it happens. Just not in the world I ever operated
           | in; our powers and obligations were taken very seriously
           | internally.
        
             | chimeracoder wrote:
             | > So, I suppose that the main point. In these cases, we
             | weren't investigating the individual as a suspect, we were
             | trying to understand the nature of an incident that could
             | affect the safety of others in a relatively linear fashion.
             | 
             | That doesn't matter. You're still talking about accessing
             | private, sensitive data about an individual.
             | 
             | > I think it's fair that the public has the right to his
             | honesty in this scenario.
             | 
             | Yes, and that's exactly why warrants exist. The courts are
             | specifically responsible for determining the outcome of
             | cases in which private rights potentially conflict with
             | public ones (or with private rights of other parties).
             | 
             | > Of course, these powers present the potential for abuse,
             | and I'm sure it happens. Just not in the world I ever
             | operating in; our powers and obligations were taken very
             | seriously internally.
             | 
             | Having worked extensively in this area, I'll be blunt and
             | say: anytime someone who works in law enforcement says that
             | there are no abuses of power in their workplace, that means
             | either they were so oblivious that they never saw abuses
             | that are occurring around them, or they were so mired in
             | the system that they are incapable of recognizing the
             | abuses of power that they themselves are participating in.
             | 
             | Out of charity, I'll assume the former. But to be honest,
             | every time I've spoken at length about this with LEOs, it's
             | inevitably turned out to be the latter.
        
               | levinb wrote:
               | > Out of charity, I'll assume the former. But to be
               | honest, every time I've spoken at length about this with
               | LEOs, it's inevitably turned out to be the latter.
               | 
               | I am sure this is often true at the local LE level. But
               | remember, they deal almost entirely with criminal
               | investigations about individuals for things that do not
               | present a broader risk to the public (beyond their
               | continued individual behavior).
               | 
               | In our case, we are not reifying 'the drug menace' to a
               | public level; we are trying to find out if a barge is
               | full of vegetable oil or an explosive polymerization
               | agent. And in those cases, no, I don't think your rights
               | to privacy supersede our obligation to understand if
               | there's a major threat to other people.
               | 
               | > That doesn't matter. You're still talking about
               | accessing private, sensitive data about an individual.
               | 
               | This is true and I can assure you I know quite a bit
               | about what can be in people medical records (I am a MD
               | who has worked extensively in medical records exchange
               | and machine learning). I don't think accessing this kind
               | of data should be possible without genuine need.
               | 
               | > Yes, and that's exactly why warrants exist.
               | 
               | In our case at least, warrants wouldn't even make sense.
               | We were not conducting criminal investigations and asking
               | for access to pursue a person against their will, in
               | response to a crime. We were trying to find out about
               | near-term threats to other people.
               | 
               | I think you and I probably agree on the spirit here -
               | it's just that in our case (and cases like the NTSB or
               | FAA) there are compelling public interests that supersede
               | someones right to privacy. Finding out if you were
               | prescribed benzos so I can charge you for some garbage
               | possession misdemeanor is not one; finding out if there's
               | 30,000 barrels of explosive leaking under a highway is.
               | 
               | No?
        
               | stackskipton wrote:
               | Yes, No.                 there are compelling public
               | interests that supersede someones right to privacy.
               | 
               | This is road to hell path paved with good intentions. All
               | crime has compelling public interests to be prevented.
               | Using that logic, cops should be able to search
               | everywhere. It's compelling public interest to stop
               | people who do bad things.
        
               | chimeracoder wrote:
               | > In our case at least, warrants wouldn't even make
               | sense. We were not conducting criminal investigations and
               | asking for access to pursue a person against their will,
               | in response to a crime. We were trying to find out about
               | near-term threats to other people....Finding out if you
               | were prescribed benzos so I can charge you for some
               | garbage possession misdemeanor is not one; finding out if
               | there's 30,000 barrels of explosive leaking under a
               | highway is.
               | 
               | Nothing you have said, in this comment or in the rest of
               | the thread, refutes the point that warrants are the
               | mechanism by which the legal system intermediates this
               | power. It's quite telling that _even in a completely
               | constructed example chosen for the discussion at hand_ ,
               | you're not actually making a case that cops need access
               | to people's medical information without a warrant.
               | 
               | > I think you and I probably agree on the spirit here -
               | it's just that in our case (and cases like the NTSB or
               | FAA) there are compelling public interests that supersede
               | someones right to privacy.
               | 
               | No, I'm saying that it is literally not your job as a
               | member of law enforcement to decide when the public
               | interest "supersedes" someone's right to privacy. That's
               | what a judge is for. That's why warrants exist.
        
               | caskstrength wrote:
               | > And in those cases, no, I don't think your rights to
               | privacy supersede our obligation to understand if there's
               | a major threat to other people.
               | 
               | > No?
               | 
               | No.
        
             | yieldcrv wrote:
             | Just because you couldn't think of a tool to "understand
             | the nature of an incident that could affect the safety of
             | others" doesn't mean it legitimizes your department policy
             | or personal tactics
             | 
             | I would be 100% fine with stripping that group of this
             | discretion, sanctioning them, and sending them back to the
             | drawing board on how to "understand the nature of incidents
             | that could affect the safety of others", aka investigate.
        
         | ralph84 wrote:
         | Checks and balances are essential to the American way of
         | government. Law enforcement should have to follow the
         | Constitution, which means dealing with the check of obtaining a
         | warrant. If the reason is really that compelling you'll have no
         | problem convincing a judge or magistrate.
        
           | levinb wrote:
           | I guess that's the point I was trying to make - in our case
           | we were not conducting a criminal investigation. And if we
           | were headed that way (which only happened every once in a
           | while) then yes, we'd have to go in to Criminal Mode rather
           | than Public Safety mode, and 4th and 5th Amendment
           | obligations where back on.
        
         | pavon wrote:
         | While all those are cases where LEO had legitimate reason to
         | have access the information, none of them provide a compelling
         | reason why a warrant couldn't be required.
         | 
         | The third-party doctrine has become far too broad. There are so
         | many situations where people share information with a third
         | party, but also expect and deserve a right to privacy regarding
         | that information. The fact that HIPAA doesn't provide a
         | reasonable expectation of privacy in information shared with
         | your doctor/pharmacist is just absurd. The law does explicitly
         | carve out these LEO exemptions, but reasonable expectation of
         | privacy is a constitutional right, and those carve-outs should
         | be deemed unconstitutional. And we should extend those lines
         | with good privacy laws all around - any information that a
         | company is required to protect under civil privacy laws should
         | also be exempt from the third-party doctrine and require a
         | warrant.
        
           | levinb wrote:
           | I won't belabor points I've made below, but I do want to
           | agree with you about 3rd party doctrine in general; the
           | modern world makes it almost impossible to live a normal life
           | without non-consensually making your self available for full
           | time monitoring by everyone within eyesight of you.
           | 
           | I think the point of this article is actually being elided
           | over some by the conversation here though; it appears that
           | these agencies are largely following the law. The question
           | is, how broad should the reach of LE go given their
           | legitimate authority?
           | 
           | In the current scenario, should a LEO from Idaho be allowed
           | to see prescription records from a pharmacy in California?
           | Should they have the right to get data from CVS about things
           | that didn't happen in Idaho? Every prescription ever? Every
           | doctors note?
           | 
           | The law as it stands allows states to determine the
           | reproductive rights of their citizens and investigate
           | violations thereof (note that I don't agree with the law, or
           | the Supreme Court here). I think the question being raised by
           | this letter is, what breadth of access should some Sheriff
           | have over your medical records, and really, what the heck is
           | even going on with this now?
           | 
           | The Dobbs case has opened up a new frontier of potential
           | abuse, and I think the letter and article are appropriately
           | exploring that frontier.
        
           | jodacola wrote:
           | It's not just with LEOs where patient privacy gets dodgy.
           | 
           | I've helped get a number of tech companies HIPAA compliant,
           | so I've become very familiar with the workings and
           | requirements of the act. My wife, a nurse, works in medical
           | claim management. Lots of healthcare knowledge between us.
           | 
           | I've had some very interesting conversations with her because
           | of a tool she's described being used by insurance companies:
           | medical canvassing. It's an "interesting" tool used by
           | investigators that doesn't technically request PHI, but can
           | paint a picture of one's past medical care.
           | 
           | Basically, an investigator can ask a health care provider a
           | bunch of yes/no questions - "did the patient receive care
           | between $DATE1 and $DATE2?" "yes" "was the patient treated
           | for $THING_RELEVANT_BUT_UNRELATED_TO_CLAIM?" "yes" "okay,
           | thank you, that's all we needed." No "PHI" requested, none
           | provided, but a picture still painted... and HIPAA allows for
           | it.
           | 
           | I'm very curious to know what other interesting methods exist
           | that allow for the circumvention of patient privacy.
        
             | stevenicr wrote:
             | I am aiming to help get companies HIPPA compliant and aware
             | this next year, both changing tech stacks and educating.
             | Would like to connect with any resources / checklists /
             | firms / anything that could help me help others understand.
             | 
             | Contact in profile if willing to chat.
        
             | stackskipton wrote:
             | >Basically, an investigator can ask a health care provider
             | a bunch of yes/no questions - "did the patient receive care
             | between $DATE1 and $DATE2?" "yes" "was the patient treated
             | for $THING_RELEVANT_BUT_UNRELATED_TO_CLAIM?" "yes" "okay,
             | thank you, that's all we needed." No "PHI" requested, none
             | provided, but a picture still painted... and HIPAA allows
             | for it.
             | 
             | How is that not PHI? You asked for treatment information
             | and it was provided. Asking it roundabout way doesn't
             | sidestep HIPAA.
        
       | x86x87 wrote:
       | Now consider states make it illegal to get birth control pills
       | and retroactively go after anyone who has them prescribed. It's
       | according to the law, ain't it?
       | 
       | The states should keep their noses out of this and in effect all
       | drugs should be made legal. If you do have a problem (ie an
       | addiction) we should make it trivially easy to get help instead
       | of burning resources to investigate these. As far as abuse goes:
       | it should be trivially easy for a pharmacy to check if a doctor
       | did indeed prescribe something without raping the privacy of
       | everyone involved. As a matter of fact, why the hell does it take
       | 30 minutes to fill a prescription in 2023?
        
         | ljm wrote:
         | I don't agree with your proposed solution (make all drugs
         | legal), but I do think that the pharma industry in the US
         | basically gets to socialise their losses while privatising the
         | gains.
         | 
         | The Sackler family's opioids, for example, have caused untold
         | damage, and they made billions from it. They were able to
         | offset the cost of all of that onto the society.
        
           | x86x87 wrote:
           | The "make all drugs legal" was meant as a way of saying that
           | we should not punish people that have an addiction. I was not
           | advocating giving highly addictive hard drugs out without
           | prescription.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | Aren't these two stances mutually exclusive?
             | 
             | How do you propose not punishing people with addictions
             | while somehow never giving out hard drugs without a
             | prescription - since addictions are by their definition
             | destructive and Dr's shouldn't be giving prescriptions for
             | things that are known to cause problems for someone?
        
               | x86x87 wrote:
               | Are they? You don't prosecute anyone. You get them help.
        
               | efnx wrote:
               | I think the term you're looking for is
               | "decriminalisation", which is different than
               | "legalisation".
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | So then it's not actually illegal to do any of these
               | things?
        
             | reactordev wrote:
             | Prescriptions exist to allow a non-doctor access to drug
             | classified by the FDA/FHA as being "dangerous". I agree
             | that we should make all drugs legal in the sense that it's
             | a mental health problem but I'm not for allowing everyone
             | access to fentanyl.
        
         | YawningAngel wrote:
         | Ex post facto laws are not possible in the United States
        
           | vlovich123 wrote:
           | Nominally. But if you're relying on a drug for medical care
           | and it becomes illegal, the distinction seems superficial to
           | me, no?
        
           | x86x87 wrote:
           | Lol. There are a lot of things that should not be possible in
           | the majority of the civilized works.
           | 
           | If this is your defense you're in trouble. Take for example
           | the mythical "checks and balances" that are supposed to keep
           | elected representatives under control. How is that working
           | out?
           | 
           | US == freedom and democracy! Until you see the fucking army
           | mobilized to protect the capitol like we are some banana
           | republic where the dictator in charge decided they would like
           | to remain in power. This also is not possible in the US,
           | right?
        
           | lazide wrote:
           | By convention, but in practice rules get 'reinterpreted' to
           | punish previously at least nominally legal behavior all the
           | time - especially when it comes to finance, business, guns,
           | sex/porn, etc.
        
           | newZWhoDis wrote:
           | In theory, however California eliminated their statute of
           | limitation's for rape (was previously 10 years) and now
           | people are being charged (and convicted) for 20+ year old
           | crimes with only verbal evidence.
           | 
           | You might argue it's not the same thing, but the effect is
           | definitely the same: the law changed and people went from
           | unchargeable to chargeable
        
         | local_crmdgeon wrote:
         | Decrim has been an unmitigated disaster in Portland and
         | Seattle. I once agreed with you, but seeing what's happened on
         | the ground changed my position
        
           | x86x87 wrote:
           | Nobody talks about part 2 of the decriminalization which
           | cannot happen in the US - which should be providing support
           | for the addicts to recover.
        
             | fnimick wrote:
             | There's two massive hurdles to clear in public perception:
             | 1) that addiction is a personal vice that people
             | _shouldn't_ get help from others for, if they die on the
             | street, it's their own fault, and 2) that helping people
             | who are homeless is somehow offensive and unfair to people
             | who are "productive" and don't get help for free.
             | 
             | It baffles me, if someone homeless in my community gets
             | housing, that doesn't make me feel aggrieved for having to
             | pay for mine. Yet we spend more money per person on
             | homeless services that fail to get them housing than we
             | would spend just... paying for apartments for them, because
             | it would be unfair to do so.
        
               | Spooky23 wrote:
               | The problem is that the welfare system failed to get
               | implemented during the new deal and was introduced by the
               | "Great Society" amendments to the Social Security Act in
               | the 1960s.
               | 
               | The core compromises essential to getting it done were
               | the usual "states rights" revenue split and later
               | limiting state liability by abusing social security
               | disability. There's alot of overhead dollars that fund
               | state operations so it is difficult to effectuate change
               | - by design.
               | 
               | Things like addiction support are aligned with mental
               | hygiene and Medicaid, so you really need to destroy your
               | life until the safety net kicks in. If you live in a
               | place like Mississippi, they'll try to ship you north or
               | push you towards SSDI (ie the Federal budget). In states
               | that are less bleak, the community standard for
               | disability is lower, and usually rehab is covered in some
               | way by Medicaid.
               | 
               | The other thing that's different about addiction vs
               | regular healthcare is that the person needs to be ready.
               | I worked for years with a gentleman who beat alcoholism
               | and became a counselor. He was only able to get by it
               | after harming one of his children accidentally.
        
             | ForkMeOnTinder wrote:
             | Indeed. It's a multistep process, like changing the oil in
             | your car.
             | 
             | Step 1. drain the old oil
             | 
             | Step 2. pour in the new oil
             | 
             | If you skip step 2 and damage your car, it doesn't mean oil
             | changes are an unmitigated disaster. It means you didn't
             | fucking do it right!
        
           | stevenicr wrote:
           | Just because the powers that be in Portland and Seattle
           | failed to it properly does not mean that the opposite is
           | better.
           | 
           | There are dozens on things that should of been done better -
           | but they disenfranchised those who could of helped the most.
           | 
           | I don't have the data that I would like to have on funding
           | for treatment and education there, but I'd like to see real
           | case studies that could inform other places to get ahead of
           | the issues rather than give up.
        
         | chimeracoder wrote:
         | > Now consider states make it illegal to get birth control
         | pills and retroactively go after anyone who has them
         | prescribed. It's according to the law, ain't it?
         | 
         | Your example is _ex post facto_ , but it doesn't even have to
         | be that egregious. State A makes it illegal to leave the state
         | with the intention of having or facilitating an abortion.
         | Because CVS operates nationally, cops in State A can go to a
         | CVS locally and pull records of a CVS in State B filling a
         | prescription for a medication that is sometimes, but not
         | always, used for abortion. They can then use that to build a
         | case for prosecuting the person in State A.
        
           | anonuser123456 wrote:
           | > State A makes it illegal to leave the state with the
           | intention of having or facilitating an abortion.
           | 
           | States do not have the authority to regulate travel across
           | borders. The supreme court would strike this down 9-0, as the
           | implications would be enormous.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | You might be meaning to refer to interstate commerce? Which
             | appears to be the more applicable situation?
        
               | anonuser123456 wrote:
               | Medical procedures are commerce.
        
             | u32480932048 wrote:
             | There are already numerous "leave the state with the
             | intention of" laws, which I assume to be just some extra
             | charge to throw at someone, like wearing body armor while
             | committing a felony.
        
               | anonuser123456 wrote:
               | Can you show a 'leave state with the intent' law that has
               | been successfully prosecuted?
        
             | alistairSH wrote:
             | Tell that to Idaho
             | 
             | https://www.nbcnews.com/health/womens-health/idaho-most-
             | extr...
        
               | anonuser123456 wrote:
               | That statute applies to people facilitating the travel of
               | minors without parental consent.
               | 
               | This bill establishes parents as having full legal
               | authority over their minor children and no one else.
               | 
               | As such, it does not really apply in the same way as a
               | blanket travel ban. Parents have always been given
               | preferential dominion over their children.
        
         | CodeAndCuffs wrote:
         | > Now consider states make it illegal to get birth control
         | pills and retroactively go after anyone who has them
         | prescribed. It's according to the law, ain't it?
         | 
         | Are we discussing legality, morality, what should be legal, or
         | what should be moral? I agree that would be bad morally, and
         | shouldn't be legal, and currently isn't. My original comment
         | was regarding how the process currently works, and why. It was
         | also to explain that any concern of privacy regarding
         | prescriptions comes more from the department of health/board of
         | pharmacies than it does from 3rd partys providing documents, as
         | the documents arent invading privacy anymore than what already
         | happens.
         | 
         | > The states should keep their noses out of this and in effect
         | all drugs should be made legal.
         | 
         | The whole "your right to swing your fist ends where someones
         | face begins" thing applies here. The problem with some heavier
         | drugs, and their addictive nature, comes in how it effects
         | others. When something is so addictive that a person would sell
         | their own child to acquire more of it, maybe we should limit
         | access to that thing. Ive known a lot of addicts professionally
         | and personally. They come in various degrees of wanting help.
         | Some are in denial, some would do anything to kick the
         | addiction. Some don't care at all and would fight to refuse any
         | help under any circumstance. Its a super complicated issue,
         | "Just legalize all of it", and "Just criminalize and punish all
         | of it" are both equally shortsighted solutions.
         | 
         | > we should make it trivially easy to get help I agree 100%
         | 
         | > it should be trivially easy for a pharmacy to check if a
         | doctor did indeed prescribe something without raping the
         | privacy of everyone involved
         | 
         | It is, and they do. They call the doctor, he says "I didnt
         | write this". Then he gives me a list of people who filled
         | prescriptions he didnt write. The biggest invasion of privacy
         | of unaffected people is when we have a confirmed suspect, we
         | see what other doctors he filled a prescription for, and then
         | go through that list with the new doctor to see what is and
         | isnt legit.
         | 
         | So yeah, at some point in a table of a few hundred people I
         | probably saw some names of people who were a doctors patient,
         | and that they have a prescription from him. I've been inside
         | their privacy just as much as the receptionist at the doctor's
         | office and the pharmacy tech at the CVS
        
           | x86x87 wrote:
           | > as the documents arent invading privacy anymore than what
           | already happens.
           | 
           | Nope. Invading privacy is invading privacy. Just because
           | something is happening today does not make it okay and
           | acceptable
           | 
           | > call the doctor
           | 
           | Is this the 70s? Call the doctor? Do you call the doctor for
           | every prescription?
           | 
           | Here is a wild idea: we have tjis thing called the internet
           | and this other wild thing called PKI. Give the doctor a
           | certificate pair and they digitally sign every prescription.
           | You don't ever need to talk to the doctor, you just need to
           | pull their public certs.
           | 
           | Since we're doing privacy, give the chumps that need the
           | prescription a cert pair and encrypt their shit + make it a
           | crime to store any of their PII at pharmacy level.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | Ho man. Do you think the Dr's illegible scribble on the
             | prescription pad as it is, is because Dr's are so great at
             | attention to detail and learning new things that they'll be
             | able to do that effectively?
             | 
             | Without it being an even worse situation where they get a
             | Trojan from opening random emails or surfing for porn, and
             | then all the sudden 100k valid appearing prescriptions for
             | controlled medications all the sudden show up in pharmacies
             | across the country?
        
             | Spooky23 wrote:
             | This stuff is mostly fixed with EMRs. For most
             | applications, paper scripts are rare.
        
             | CodeAndCuffs wrote:
             | > Nope. Invading privacy is invading privacy. Just because
             | something is happening today does not make it okay and
             | acceptable
             | 
             | Thats not what I was trying to say. My point was that the
             | state already has this data, and I've already seen it
             | before I get a copy of the data from the pharmacy. If
             | you're concerned about the privacy of the data, you should
             | consider the root issue of warrantless access to the PMP by
             | investigators. Anything I get from the pharmacy is just a
             | piece of paper that says the same thing that I already had
             | from that
             | 
             | > Here is a wild idea: we have tjis thing called the
             | internet and this other wild thing called PKI. Give the
             | doctor a certificate pair and they digitally sign every
             | prescription. You don't ever need to talk to the doctor,
             | you just need to pull their public certs.
             | 
             | This is a great idea in theory, but currently has some
             | problems. Some of them probably could and should be
             | addressed, some not.
             | 
             | - Old people who dont want to learn. The PMP lets doctors
             | get a list of every prescription filled in their name in a
             | spreadsheet. You can sort and filter by where it was
             | filled, patient name, type of medication, etc. Of the
             | doctors Ive dealt with, maybe 10% knew about this and used
             | it. A few learned about it from me, got excited, figured it
             | out, and used it to its fullest extent. Most just went
             | "yeah okay" and ignored it because spreadsheets are too
             | complicated.
             | 
             | - Where are we storing this? Can only the doctor do it?
             | From only one computer? Can his receptionist call in the
             | prescription? Can anyone else access that computer?
             | Basically is there any way at all for fraud to happen? What
             | if its the doctor whos the one doing it? Ive seen
             | pharmacists say "Were getting a lot of suspicious
             | prescriptons from this one doctor" who was just flat out
             | selling them to people who had no problems. E-scripts are a
             | thing, and ive seen cases where nurses and receptionists
             | hop onto the system to write illegal scripts.
             | 
             | > Since we're doing privacy, give the chumps that need the
             | prescription a cert pair and encrypt their shit
             | 
             | My mom thinks opening chrome dev tools is going to get her
             | arrested for hacking a website. Please dont put the onus of
             | key pair encryption on her in any way
             | 
             | > + make it a crime to store any of their PII at pharmacy
             | level Im not sure if its a legal/regulatory requirement, or
             | just a moral thing, but Pharmacists are highly trained,
             | with a Doctorate in what they do, and they catch things.
             | Whether its a Doctor wrote the wrong script, or a
             | potentially lethal contraindication between meds. Them
             | having records of what else a person is on is a legitimate
             | medical use case. There may be ways to keep this sort of
             | data without PII, but it would be another concern to
             | address.
        
               | x86x87 wrote:
               | Bake the cert pair into the id you are giving out to
               | people. Look at the system in Estonia
        
         | dang wrote:
         | " _Eschew flamebait. Avoid generic tangents._ "
         | 
         | " _Please don 't fulminate._"
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
         | 
         | We detached this subthread from
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38807378.
        
       | apapapa wrote:
       | They probably van get that information 3 other ways also...
        
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