[HN Gopher] Particle Life
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Particle Life
        
       Author : hyperific
       Score  : 332 points
       Date   : 2023-12-28 15:52 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (github.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (github.com)
        
       | billytetrud wrote:
       | This is fascinating. It's like a more complex game of life than
       | John connoway's. It's crazy that little creatures seem to form at
       | such small scales easily with these parameters. It's almost like
       | the parameters of our real universe intentionally made it
       | difficult to form life, rather than easy as some people seem to
       | think.
        
         | at_a_remove wrote:
         | They are less creatures than molecules. Now, mind you, as some
         | complex sets of rules approach steady state I can pretend they
         | are far-flung stellar empires with colors ascribed to each type
         | of system of government (and have).
         | 
         | What is fooling you is the motion. This is sustained because
         | the system has no conservation principles built in. You can
         | make A-B pairs where B is attracted to A, A is repelled by B,
         | and off they go, zoom. Were the meta-rules devised such that
         | conservation of energy or momentum and such were baked in to
         | whatever system you devised, you would see less exciting
         | structures which would more resemble a late-stage pentamino
         | explosion in the Game of Life.
         | 
         | With a sufficiently large processor, I would like to see this
         | in three dimensions and more options for force, such as
         | dropping off as the inverse of r or r-cubed or even r * log(r),
         | or some "repulsive at a distance, attractive at very close
         | quarters" particles. I have a feeling that such a system would
         | grind to a halt even with clever optimizations.
        
           | billytetrud wrote:
           | Ah that's interesting, I can see how that would result in a
           | lot more dynamic behavior.
        
           | dustingetz wrote:
           | need analog computer for that :)
        
           | noduerme wrote:
           | This already does look like it has falloff... mutual
           | attractors clearly seem more attracted to nearby particles
           | than to larger groups further away.
        
             | wetmore wrote:
             | I assume it falls off at inverse of r squared, which is why
             | the person you're replying to is mentioning other functions
             | besides that one.
        
               | noduerme wrote:
               | I read them differently.
               | 
               |  _> > I have a feeling that such a system would grind to
               | a halt even with clever optimizations._
               | 
               | I took this to mean that they thought there was no
               | falloff calculated at all. If there is, I don't see why
               | substituting a different function, e.g. cube vs square,
               | would be significantly more CPU-intensive.
        
               | at_a_remove wrote:
               | You focused on just one clause. Consider the whole:
               | 
               | 1) Three dimensions, not two. Therefore distance is not
               | the square root of (delta-x * delta-x + delta-y *
               | delta-y) but the cube root of (delta-x * delta-x +
               | delta-y * delta-y + delta-z * delta-z). More operations.
               | 
               | 2) Three dimensions, not two. As you start increasing the
               | number of dimensions, the simulation feels more and more
               | empty. One hundred particles on a line a thousand units
               | long is crowded. One hundred particles on a grid of one
               | thousand by one thousand feels like more "room" for that
               | same number of particles. In a volume of a thousand by a
               | thousand by a thousand, one hundred particles feels too
               | few, and one would naturally increase the number of
               | particles. Naively, which is to say without
               | optimizations, the number of force computed grow as
               | N-squared. More operations.
               | 
               | 3) Cube falloff goes by r * r * r, rather than r * r.
               | More operations, by fifty percent. And I did suggest some
               | more exotic functions in there which certainly could be
               | more daunting.
        
               | mattashii wrote:
               | > 1) Three dimensions, not two. Therefore distance is not
               | the square root of (...) but the cube root of (...).
               | 
               | No, it is still a square root. The term under the root is
               | correct, but distance in N dimensions (assuming euclidian
               | space) is just sqrt(sum(delta-n ^ 2))
        
               | at_a_remove wrote:
               | Hah, you're right. Serves me for typing late at night.
        
           | itishappy wrote:
           | > I would like to see this in three dimensions...
           | 
           | Oh, there's one of those too! I don't see ways to change the
           | falloff though, just the magnitude...
           | 
           | https://hunar4321.github.io/particle-
           | life/particle_life_3d.h...
        
         | squigz wrote:
         | There's no reason to believe life is particularly rare in the
         | universe either, though.
        
           | billytetrud wrote:
           | There are, in fact, reasons to believe that. Nothing
           | definitive of course. But the fact that we haven't been
           | absorbed by a von neumann swarm or something like it places
           | strict limits on the prevalence of life and/or what stages
           | that life can achieve. One would either have to belive that
           | intelligent life is vastly less likely than non-intelligent
           | life, or that life itself is quite rare, or that life simply
           | hasn't been around for much longer than life on earth.
        
             | squigz wrote:
             | I don't see not being eaten by a swarm of machines as
             | evidence of anything - but it is interesting to me that
             | you'd qualify all this with "or what stages that life can
             | achieve". So simple life could be extraordinarily
             | commonplace, and considering the context of this post...
        
               | billytetrud wrote:
               | It is a fact that we haven't been eaten by a swarm of
               | anything. Facts are evidence. If you don't understand
               | that, I don't think we'll be having a productive or fun
               | converstion. Sound more like you're interested in making
               | innane snarky comments to fuel your own ego. Good luck
               | with that.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | Would you like to actually address the point I made about
               | simple life?
        
               | billytetrud wrote:
               | If you made a point about that, it was not clear to me.
               | Perhaps you were implying that simple life could be very
               | common even if intelligent life isn't. While yes, that is
               | a possibility, that says nothing of its probability. Were
               | that the circumstance, it leaves the question open as to
               | why simple life would be common but intelligent life not
               | common.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | I'm just a bit confused as to why the subject of
               | intelligent life is the focus here, considering the
               | context of this post is basic cellular life.
               | 
               | As to why simple life would be more common than complex
               | life... that seems obvious to me: simple systems are
               | easier to emerge from chaos than complex ones.
        
               | aydyn wrote:
               | From a cellular perspective, human cells are not really
               | more complex than smaller multi-cellular organisms like
               | amoebas.
               | 
               | Give the huge advantage that intelligence has for natural
               | selection in complex environments, why would intelligent
               | life not arise from simple life? It's not obvious.
        
               | squigz wrote:
               | > From a cellular perspective, human cells are not really
               | more complex than smaller multi-cellular organisms like
               | amoebas.
               | 
               | That's a very limited and poor perspective. Yes,
               | individual human cells are no more complex than others,
               | but that doesn't encompass the entire system that has to
               | emerge. A human being is - obviously, I would think - a
               | far more complex system than a simple amoeba.
        
             | UncleOxidant wrote:
             | > One would either have to belive that intelligent life is
             | vastly less likely than non-intelligent life
             | 
             | That seems like a valid belief. Getting to a technological
             | stage such that a species would be detectable over the vast
             | distances of space could indeed be quite rare. You have to
             | also consider the temporal aspect: intelligent,
             | technologically advanced species may have evolved several
             | times but gone extinct before we could notice them. Do
             | other technically advanced species exist in the universe?
             | Probably, but it could be that at any given time there
             | might only be about 1 in any given galaxy and the distances
             | between galaxies are great enough that we'd never likely be
             | able to make contact. (and ~1 per galaxy would still mean
             | that there would be a whole lot of intelligent species out
             | there - it's just that it would be extremely difficult to
             | make contact with any of them)
        
               | billytetrud wrote:
               | > That seems like a valid belief.
               | 
               | Its not at all clear in general. It _might_ be true. But
               | it also might not. It seems quite reasonable to believe
               | that life inevitably evolves into intelligent life if
               | given enough time. Why some life would and some life
               | wouldn 't isn't at all clear.
               | 
               | > advanced species may have evolved several times but
               | gone extinct before we could notice them.
               | 
               | All the potential answers to the Fermi Paradox, for sure.
               | But it would almost definitely have to be species that
               | never got to the "expand rapidly into other solar
               | systems" phase.
               | 
               | > at any given time there's only about 1
               | 
               | This doesn't preclude us knowing about that 1. If it got
               | to earth at any time in the last billion years, we might
               | have a pretty high chance of discovering it if it existed
               | on earth for any significant legnth of time.
        
               | UncleOxidant wrote:
               | > But it would almost definitely have to be species that
               | never got to the "expand rapidly into other solar
               | systems" phase.
               | 
               | It's certainly not a given that our species will ever do
               | that or that we'll last long enough to do that.
               | 
               | > This doesn't preclude us knowing about that 1.
               | 
               | Let's say we're the 1 currently in the milky way galaxy.
               | There could be another in the closest galaxy the Canis
               | Major Dwarf Galaxy which is 25,000 light years away. But
               | being able to detect a signal from 25,000 light years
               | away... well, that's the problem. And what if they're
               | just getting to the point where they could transmit a
               | signal now? So maybe in 25,000 years we'd notice
               | _something_... maybe? (if we 're still around) As far as
               | physically traveling 25,000 ly, well we know that even
               | trying to go 1 ly is going to be super difficult
               | technically. Similar problems even if there's an
               | intelligent species on the other side of our own galaxy
               | since it's 52K ly across.
        
               | petters wrote:
               | > It seems quite reasonable to believe that life
               | inevitably evolves into intelligent life if given enough
               | time.
               | 
               | From what we have seen on Earth, it does not seem
               | inevitable. Dinosaurs were the largest land animals for a
               | very long time and they did not, as far as we know,
               | evolve towards being more intelligent. The same seems to
               | be true for many other animal groups that have been
               | around for a long time.
        
               | hermitcrab wrote:
               | They don't seem to have created any technology, but it is
               | hard to know how intelligent they were. Their brains were
               | small, but crows have quite small brains and they are
               | relatively intelligent. If dinosaurs had used tools,
               | would this show up in the fossil record?
        
               | billytetrud wrote:
               | > it does not seem inevitable
               | 
               | The belief that intelligent life isn't inevitable is
               | _not_ inconsistent with the belief that intelligent life
               | _usually_ will happen from any life given enough time.
               | Why are you positioning those things as opposed? They are
               | not.
        
             | aacid wrote:
             | I honestly believe that high intelligence while short term
             | is extremely advantageous, long term it is self-
             | destructive.
             | 
             | I like to imagine there are countless planets with perfect
             | ecosystems of living organisms where no single species
             | dominates whole planet.
        
               | billytetrud wrote:
               | I'm curious what makes you think that. That is, of
               | course, one of the general solutions put forth to the
               | fermi paradox. Ie either the species develops species
               | killing weapons (like nukes) or individuals gain
               | massively destructive weapons. But I find these things
               | unlikely. Even exploding all of our existing nukes in the
               | most devastating locations would not destroy humanity or
               | the earth. We'd bounce back - tho if such an event is
               | inevitable, perhaps we would ride an endless wax and wane
               | between devastating destruction events every 1000 years.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | There is no such thing as a perfect ecosystem because we
               | live in an imperfect universe, this is if you look at any
               | significant timescale. Eventually you're going to get hit
               | by an asteroid or a gamma ray burst, or some mega volcano
               | is going to pop and cause world wide levels of
               | destruction. And generally we see some reestablishment
               | species is going to dominate for some time.
        
             | geraldwhen wrote:
             | There is no evidence that space travel is practical or
             | sustainable. The only viable spaceship known to man is
             | Earth, and we don't steer it.
             | 
             | Maybe there are lots of earth-like planets with intelligent
             | beings, but travel is impossible and communication is
             | useless given the time delay.
        
               | billytetrud wrote:
               | Saying there is "no evidence" is factually absurd. There
               | are a whole host of possibilities for practical long
               | distance space travel. At very least for small light-
               | weight robots. And it even seems possible that we can
               | viably transport our entire solarsystem:
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3y8AIEX_dU . No evidence
               | indeed... only if you lack imagination.
        
               | nox100 wrote:
               | It's not hard to believe that we could make self
               | replicating drones in the next 100 years that go from
               | system to system, make a few more, and continue. We've
               | already sent drones out of our solar system. They don't
               | have to go fast. They'd still visit every system in the
               | known universe in a "relatively" small amount of time.
               | (relative to the age of the known universe).
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I think it's reasonable to say that we could probably
               | build a fleet of ships containing tardigrades in their
               | dried-out tun state (which is biologically inert, up to
               | tens to hundreds of thousands of years, and extremely
               | resilient to radiation and vacuum), launch them with
               | enough mass to reach a nearby (up to 10 LY at 0.001c?)
               | solar system with a planet that has water, and deliver
               | the payload to the water, such that the tardigrades would
               | revert to their normal living state.
               | 
               | It would cost a lot of money. It would take a very long
               | time (hundreds of thousands of years). Nobody alive today
               | would see the results. There are any number of systematic
               | and non-systematic failures that could occur. building
               | things that work autonomously for 100Kyears is
               | nontrivial. Even if you succeeded- say, 100Kyears from
               | now, one out of a thousand of your samples crash-lands
               | onto a remote planet and revives- congratulations, you've
               | maybe just contaminated an otherwise unknown ecosystem.
               | 
               | The story gets more interesting if earth has fusion,
               | stable government and research funding, then you could
               | make humans into tuns that can travel for 10K years, and
               | have advanced propulsion (.01-.1c), pre-deliver full
               | infrastructure...
        
               | lebean wrote:
               | Turns out that the great filter was something as mundane
               | as interstellar travel being impractical.
        
             | SkyBelow wrote:
             | There are a number of possibilities, which depends upon
             | what methods of interaction we are looking at.
             | 
             | For example, with direct contact, we can estimate a
             | probability of life along side how possible space travel
             | is. Perhaps space travel isn't easy or fast at all and so
             | there is plenty of life, but it is mostly stuck to its
             | solar systems and maybe a few neighboring stars. Overall,
             | given that we can send and receive signals much easier than
             | we can send and receive space crafts, I think this isn't as
             | useful a metric.
             | 
             | The better one is that we don't see signals from other life
             | elsewhere, but this still has to be measured by how likely
             | life elsewhere would be able to see our signals.
             | 
             | Lastly, there is the matter of what it means to be rare.
             | Say only 2 or 3 planets in a given galaxy end up developing
             | intelligent life, is that rare? Given the number of
             | galaxies in the visible universe, that is hundreds of
             | billions if not trillions of planets with intelligent life.
             | Yet with only 2 or 3 in a galaxy, it would be easy for us
             | to not see any signs because maybe we are the only ones in
             | our galaxy or our galactic neighbors are on the other side
             | of the milky way and we have no technology to communicate,
             | nor will we for the near future. Hundreds of billions of
             | intelligent species can be considered both rare and not
             | rare given the sorts of scales we are talking about.
             | 
             | Also other edge cases, like maybe intelligent life is
             | common enough but it tends to rarely progress past a
             | certain point of development due to wiping itself out.
             | Personally, every explanation I've heard or can think of
             | has some sort of unpleasantness to it, much like the quote
             | that says either we are alone or we aren't alone, and both
             | ideas are scary in their own ways.
        
               | billytetrud wrote:
               | > Perhaps space travel isn't easy or fast at all
               | 
               | Except we have excellent knowledge about lower bounds on
               | how easy and fast space travel can be. And its plenty
               | fast enough to explore the entire galaxy on geological
               | timescales. Voyager 1 is traveling at 17 km/s which would
               | take it 1 light year every 17,700 years. Given that the
               | galaxy is 100,000 light years across, that means that
               | Voyager 1 could travel across the galaxy in 1.7 billion
               | years. A spaceship built for that purpose would take
               | vastly less time.
               | 
               | Voyager weighed less than 800 kg. Using the [rocket
               | equation](https://www.omnicalculator.com/physics/ideal-
               | rocket-equation) and a realistic exhaust velocity for
               | methane/oxygen of 3280 m/s, you can see that you could
               | accelerate a voyager 1 sized craft to 3000 m/s with about
               | 1200 kg of fuel, which is less than $1 of fuel, no joke
               | (https://www.nextbigfuture.com/2022/02/spacex-reusable-
               | rocket...). Of course it takes a lot of money to just get
               | that fuel into orbit: $1500/kg with a falcon heavy. But
               | that means you could send a voyager-1-sized craft to
               | space with the fuel it needs to achieve 3000 km/s for a
               | mere $3 million (not including the cost of the craft
               | itself). And harvesting methane and oxygen on smaller
               | planets would bring down that cost by a lot.
               | 
               | At that speed, the craft could cross the entire galaxy in
               | 9.6 million years. A blink of an eye on geological
               | timescales. And if we really cared enough to spend more
               | than a couple million dollars on this thing, we could get
               | it there orders of magnitude faster using propulsion
               | systems way less shitty than a methane-oxygen rocket.
               | 
               | With just 1% of the energy the sun outputs in a single
               | second, you could accelerate 100 voyager 1s to 1% the
               | speed of light.
               | 
               | In short, if you think space travel is a barrier, you're
               | plainly very wrong. Even with today's technology we could
               | send machines throughout the galaxy in a pretty short
               | period of time. In the near future, that time will
               | drastically reduce.
               | 
               | > we can send and receive signals much easier than we can
               | send and receive space crafts
               | 
               | And yet there are vastly larger motivations for sending a
               | spacecraft than sending a signal. You might not be aware
               | that nearly all radio signals that escape the earth are
               | not powerful enough to be detectable above noise further
               | than 1/2 a light year out.
               | https://astronomy.stackexchange.com/questions/33939/when-
               | do-...
               | 
               | There's no reason to believe we should be able to detect
               | alien radio signals unless they are intentionally aimed
               | at us and meant for us. Also, you can't see a radio
               | signal that passed by 1 million years ago. Whereas you
               | certainly would be able to see evidence of a von neumann
               | swarm having done that.
               | 
               | > Say only 2 or 3 planets in a given galaxy end up
               | developing intelligent life, is that rare?
               | 
               | Whether anyone would consider that "rare" or not is
               | irrelevant. The puzzle would be: if even ONE intelligent
               | speicies existed out there more than several million
               | years ago, why haven't we seen evidence of their space
               | craft?
               | 
               | > maybe intelligent life is common enough but it tends to
               | rarely progress past a certain point of development due
               | to wiping itself out
               | 
               | Yes, this is of course the premise of usual solutions to
               | the fermi paradox. However, those solutions are often
               | either "maybe nukes will destroy us" or "maybe something
               | we don't know about yet will". Neither are super
               | satisfactory as answers.
        
             | scotty79 wrote:
             | > the fact that we haven't been absorbed by a von neumann
             | swarm or something
             | 
             | Haven't we been? When I look all around, the whole place is
             | simply crawling with self-replicating machines and some of
             | them even got to a point of making first attempts to leave
             | this planet to infect a new one.
        
       | hsnewman wrote:
       | This shows how life is emergent from simple rules.
        
         | downboots wrote:
         | how does it show it? what is meant by life? are rules necessary
         | or just transitions? what enables rules at all?
        
           | hyperific wrote:
           | Physical and chemical properties of organic molecules give
           | rise to emergent life-like structures/patterns. Molecules
           | interacting via hydrogen bonding, solubility, hydrophobicity
           | and hydrophilicity - repulsion and attraction - can produce
           | protomembranes under the right conditions.
           | 
           | In this demonstration, particles with certain rules can
           | interact in such a way that self-organizing structures
           | emerge.
        
           | matt-attack wrote:
           | A general question by those that support ideas like
           | Intelligent Design seem to focus on the notion of order from
           | randomness. Specifically the natural intuition is that the
           | vast amount of order associated with life could never arise
           | on its own from just randomness. It's encouraging to be able
           | to so quickly demonstrate that in fact order can emerge from
           | chaos. Even if the organelles or molecules or whatever you
           | might consider them in these simulations don't map
           | specifically to organelles or molecules or cells in our
           | world, the general concept is important to understand.
        
             | downboots wrote:
             | where do the rules come from? Is it randomness all the way
             | down? how come they run at all? how can a lifeform in a
             | dynamic mess of jiggling things have a claim to
             | understanding?
        
         | smusamashah wrote:
         | None of these simulated systems show replication evolving out
         | of random rules though.
        
           | quickthrower2 wrote:
           | Not enough compute, I guess :-).
        
           | MagicMoonlight wrote:
           | If you fully simulated RNA they would. Someone has already
           | reproduced RNA that self-replicates.
        
       | block_dagger wrote:
       | Life, uh, finds its particles.
        
       | FpUser wrote:
       | Really liked it
        
       | theophrastus wrote:
       | Well done: 3d is an option! Always wondered what emergent
       | properties result from simple rules worlds when the
       | dimensionality goes from 2d to 3d.
        
       | jasonjmcghee wrote:
       | This is a much more complete implementation, but I took a crack
       | at this a while ago using compute shaders in Godot 4, if that's
       | interesting to folks!
       | 
       | https://github.com/jasonjmcghee/compute-shaders
        
       | beders wrote:
       | It is amazing how easily self-sustaining structures emerge from
       | such simple rules. Mesmerizing.
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | Is there any "sustaining" in the simulation? Is death a
         | possibility? If not, then there is no "sustaining".
        
           | MagicMoonlight wrote:
           | There was no death for the original life.
           | 
           | Rotting is caused by living organisms. Being eaten is caused
           | by living organisms. Disease is caused by living organisms.
           | 
           | They could not die until death evolved. They could be
           | physically destroyed but that's not that likely.
        
             | Buttons840 wrote:
             | Interesting thought. But how could death evolve when death
             | is a prerequisite for evolution? I suppose death is a
             | "soft" prerequisite.
        
       | spacecadet wrote:
       | Super cool! Earlier this year I created a zero-player simulation
       | using pygame and several AI coding assitants to see how capable
       | they might be. In the end I had to clean up alot, but Im happy
       | with how it turned out.
       | 
       | https://github.com/derekburgess/simcraft
        
       | bloopernova wrote:
       | offtopic: I got a new PC for xmas, and hadn't really stress
       | tested it to make sure the fan management curve was correct.
       | Running the linked site's demos made the fans work and they're
       | really responsive. Cool stuff!
        
       | dang wrote:
       | Related:
       | 
       |  _Particle Life Emerges from Simplicity_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=34156592 - Dec 2022 (1
       | comment)
       | 
       |  _Particle Life Simulation_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=33680845 - Nov 2022 (1
       | comment)
       | 
       |  _Particle Life_ - https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=21875720
       | - Dec 2019 (7 comments)
        
       | airesearcher wrote:
       | This is so great!!! Nice work!
        
       | pbowyer wrote:
       | This is the most interesting one I generated:
       | https://hunar4321.github.io/particle-life/particle_life.html...
       | 
       | It eventually settles down to one large and unstable blob and
       | another stable. Neither move so that's it. But before that it did
       | what I had expected to see with objects meeting and merging
        
         | thanhhaimai wrote:
         | Tagging along: https://hunar4321.github.io/particle-
         | life/particle_life.html...
         | 
         | This one is really fun for me. It has a lot of actions and good
         | shapes.
        
           | scotty79 wrote:
           | This one is really dynamic:
           | https://hunar4321.github.io/particle-
           | life/particle_life.html...
        
       | deadbabe wrote:
       | I'm not really understanding what the "life" part of this is.
        
         | Buttons840 wrote:
         | Indeed. If we described this as a "neat circular patterns
         | simulator" would anything be lost?
         | 
         | Is there reproduction? Is there evolution? Is there death? It
         | appears not. Those are essential to life.
        
           | emmanueloga_ wrote:
           | I suspect it is called life because some of the observed
           | patterns looks a lil bit like something you would see while
           | peering at a petri dish on a microscope (if you squint? :-).
           | Perhaps it is implied that with the right rules you would be
           | able to generate "the real thing".
        
         | elwell wrote:
         | It's an iteration on Conway's "Game of Life".
        
       | superb-owl wrote:
       | I'd love to see this on a toroidal surface
        
         | justinl33 wrote:
         | a Mobius strip, even
        
       | sockaddr wrote:
       | Fascinating. This reminds me of nanopond
        
       | chuckadams wrote:
       | Looking at the 3d js version right now. This might be my most
       | favorite thing since the original Conway's life or maybe the old
       | Primordial Life screen saver from the 90's. Have you considered
       | adding shader support? I'd love to see a slowed-down more
       | "blobby" version running full-screen. Probably turn my mac into a
       | space heater too, but right now that's a bonus ;)
        
       | emmanueloga_ wrote:
       | What are the philosophical implications of these life models? Is
       | it implied that life as we know it may also have a simple set of
       | rules like this that generated it? Or is it just a game? (as in
       | Conway's GoL).
       | 
       | Found some info here, seems like these are open questions [1].
       | 
       | --
       | 
       | 1: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_life#Philosophy
        
       | michae2 wrote:
       | I never considered it before, but by comparison this makes me
       | realize that Conway's Game of Life is wave-based rather than
       | particle-based. That is, in CGoL the rules apply to locations of
       | the grid rather than objects traveling across the grid. I wonder
       | if this system could also be constructed in a wave-based fashion?
       | 
       | Also, it seems like in this system the speed of light is
       | infinite, since every particle acts on every other particle each
       | frame, regardless of distance. In CGoL there is a speed of light,
       | since cells can only influence their immediate neighbors each
       | frame.
        
       | brap wrote:
       | If this doesn't convince you spontaneous life is possible I don't
       | know what will
        
       | shlomozippel wrote:
       | Another similar implementation, including music responsiveness:
       | https://vuzic.app/
        
       | BirdbrainEng wrote:
       | If anyone is more interested in this kind of stuff, then I can
       | recommend checking out "Smooth-life" and "Lenia", the latter of
       | which has a couple different, more complex variants... "Flow
       | Lenia" or "Particle Lenia" come to mind in relation to this
       | particular (pun intended) topic.
        
       | ath92 wrote:
       | That's a funny coincidence, I recently made something similar:
       | https://webgl-particle-life.netlify.app/ (source:
       | https://github.com/ath92/particle-life)
       | 
       | This version does everything in webgl shaders and keeps all state
       | for the simulation in textures / uniforms. This allows it to
       | simulate and draw more particles. Unfortunately it may not run on
       | all devices because it uses some less supported webgl extensions.
        
       | grumblehound wrote:
       | Reminds me of Hiroki Sayama's Swarm Chemistry:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BpN-DE3o6u8
       | 
       | https://bingdev.binghamton.edu/sayama/SwarmChemistry/
        
       | Lerc wrote:
       | I watched the Youtube video on this yesterday and have been
       | itching to try a webgl shader implementation ever since.
        
       | franky47 wrote:
       | One of my first coding projects at school was Conway's game of
       | life, but I found the black and white a bit too boring so I
       | pushed the assignment further by introducing RGB "genes", and
       | give spawns a combination of their parents' colours (with random
       | mutations).
       | 
       | It's very fun watching which "faction" might take over the board.
       | 
       | Demo: https://genetic-life.surge.sh/
       | 
       | Source (ported from the original C++ into Rust/WASM):
       | https://github.com/franky47/genetic-life
        
       | MagicMoonlight wrote:
       | Even with such a basic system you immediately start to get self-
       | organising little bubbles of life. If something had a way to
       | replicate in these bubbles, you would have the first cell.
        
       | bezdomniy wrote:
       | I made a multithreaded Rust version of this (while learning
       | Rust): https://github.com/bezdomniy/rust_particles
       | 
       | you can run it with: cargo run --release
       | 
       | No input yet, just randomly initialises params each run. But it
       | runs with 4000 particles on my machine.
        
       | smusamashah wrote:
       | There is also https://exophysics.codeberg.page/ which turns
       | particles into moving creatures.
        
       | utkarsh858 wrote:
       | The project is quite cool. I found myself tweaking for some good
       | amount of time.
       | 
       | But the thing is it does not demonstrate that complexity can come
       | from simplicity. To make a 'life' there are 8 parameters to be
       | modified across a range and 'fine tuned' to get some tangible
       | stable complex structure, all to be done by already conscious
       | beings ( Users anyone? ). So much for simplicity
        
       | sgentle wrote:
       | I found a pretty fun set of rules: make a cycle of -0.4 between
       | the colours (eg G->R, R->Y, Y->B, B->G in 3d or G->R, R->O, O->C,
       | C->G in 2d) and set the other factors to 0.1.
       | 
       | The particles form semi-stable rotating rings until they get too
       | close to another ring. It's quite fascinating to watch. Messing
       | with the viscosity changes the stability and radius of the rings
        
       | jantypas2 wrote:
       | Very cool -- shame I don't have a wall TV to just run it on. I
       | was however, disappointed -- I saw it as a T-shirt brand
       | "Particle Life" for physicists. The T-shirts would have slogans
       | such as "After listening to you, I realize you're just an
       | unfortunate jiggle in the quantum field, so I feel totally
       | justified in ignoring everything you say"
        
       | mfbx9da4 wrote:
       | The code walkthrough was excellent and very elegant
        
       | aDeveloperCase wrote:
       | That's impressive.
       | 
       | I had a similar concept in mind when I started experimenting in
       | 3D with what I now call "Altphy" (alternative physics), but I've
       | not been able to really make it work as intended (really, is far
       | from working). Also probably the logic and idea behind it too
       | much for real time processing. I'm sharing it only because maybe
       | pieces of that code (or the idea itself) can progress into
       | something one day.
       | 
       | source: https://github.com/aDeveloperCase/altphy
        
       | LoryGilman wrote:
       | Mixing up Conway's game with colorful 'genes' is pretty wild,
       | like coding with a rainbow palette. And about those blobs - it's
       | like they're putting on their own little drama show, then just
       | decide to chill. Also, gotta love the action and cool shapes in
       | that simulation. It's like a mini superhero movie, but with
       | shapes instead of characters.
        
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