[HN Gopher] Chinese villagers capture video of falling Long Marc...
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       Chinese villagers capture video of falling Long March rocket
       booster [video]
        
       Author : DamnInteresting
       Score  : 166 points
       Date   : 2023-12-27 16:56 UTC (1 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.youtube.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.youtube.com)
        
       | wildekek wrote:
       | Hypergolics in your backyard is no joke.
        
         | meepmorp wrote:
         | A little UDMH never hurt anyone. Well, not for very long at
         | least.
        
         | duskwuff wrote:
         | "Orange smoke. Don't breathe this."
         | 
         | (The color is characteristic of nitrogen dioxide, which is a
         | breakdown product of many hypergolic propellants.)
        
           | ethbr1 wrote:
           | As wise words now as the days they were spoken. Never forget
           | the eternal question: will it blend?
        
         | cocostation wrote:
         | Reminds me of when a crewed SpaceX capsule landed in the Gulf
         | of Mexico near Pensacola and a bunch of idiots in boats went to
         | check it out.
         | 
         | https://www.space.com/boaters-crash-spacex-crew-dragon-splas...
        
       | Simon_ORourke wrote:
       | This kind of event is highly irresponsible, and let's be clear
       | their space program decided for it to fall in or around where the
       | video was taken. Utterly reckless.
        
         | londons_explore wrote:
         | In this case that recklessness paid off... Nobody was killed or
         | injured, and they probably gain far more from being able to
         | inspect the used booster than the cost of cleanup/replanting a
         | tree or two.
        
           | Thorrez wrote:
           | It looks like it exploded when it landed. How inspectable
           | will it be?
        
           | dh2022 wrote:
           | The fact that nobody was injured does not make it any less
           | reckless...
        
           | abracadaniel wrote:
           | Does spreading incredibly carcinogenic compounds in a
           | populated area count as injury?
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypergolic_propellant#Disadvan.
           | ..
        
           | elsonrodriguez wrote:
           | This line of reasoning is often heard on a crowded lake after
           | a close call with a boat.
        
             | mynameisnoone wrote:
             | It's the reasoning of Idiocracy / Darwin Award candidates.
        
           | perihelions wrote:
           | - _" Nobody was killed or injured"_
           | 
           | We have no possible way of knowing that, given this is
           | Communist China with a press-freedom index of approximately
           | -[?], and a *documented history* [0] of concealing and
           | covering up politically-inconvenient mass casualty events,
           | including, very specifically, government rocket boosters
           | landing on civilians.
           | 
           | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelsat_708
           | 
           | - _" The nature and extent of the damage remain a subject of
           | dispute. The Chinese government, through its official Xinhua
           | news agency, reported that six people were killed and 57
           | injured. Western media speculated that between a few dozen
           | and 500 people might have been killed in the crash; "dozens,
           | if not hundreds", of people were seen to gather outside the
           | centre's main gate near the crash site the night before
           | launch.[4] When reporters were being taken away from the
           | site, they found that most buildings had sustained serious
           | damage or had been flattened completely.[4] Some eyewitnesses
           | were noted as having seen dozens of ambulances and many
           | flatbed trucks, loaded with what could have been human
           | remains, being taken to the local hospital.[4]"_
        
       | Tommstein wrote:
       | Is it just me, or does the booster disappear shortly before
       | hitting the ground, followed by the explosion happening before
       | the now invisible booster should've hit the spot of the
       | explosion?
        
         | gedy wrote:
         | It's just end is pointing towards camera in the last moments
        
           | Tommstein wrote:
           | That would explain half of it, although I looked for that and
           | couldn't see it. Wouldn't explain the other half though.
        
         | ChrisClark wrote:
         | No, I see it fall right to the ground and explode at the moment
         | it hits the ground.
        
       | traviswingo wrote:
       | I've had people look at me like I'm crazy when I say that the
       | A.I. that will be a threat to humanity will be of Chinese origin.
       | It's this exact "succeed, at any cost" mentality that cements my
       | belief.
        
         | dylan604 wrote:
         | strange comment for this particular video. not really sure what
         | a rapid disassembly of a rocket has to do with AI.
         | 
         | i don't disagree though, maybe for differing reasons
        
           | throwup238 wrote:
           | The boosters should have their own flight termination system
           | which should have exploded if they were going to fall
           | anywhere near populated land. Everyone in the US has to have
           | them even if they're launching from Florida over the ocean
           | and each independent flight component (like rocket boosters)
           | has to have its own.
           | 
           | Allowing a rocket to fall on land like that shows extreme
           | contempt for public safety.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | I think what OP might be saying is that the attitude that
           | it's OK to just yeet a rocket booster at a populated area,
           | might also not yield much safety when it's applied to
           | Artificial General Intelligence.
        
             | cma wrote:
             | SpaceX's flight termination system malfunctioned last year
             | as well, though it was out to sea at that point.
        
               | throwaway4aday wrote:
               | That's the entire reason why they launch from the coast,
               | so that if something goes wrong the debris or booster
               | will fall into the ocean.
        
               | kortilla wrote:
               | Flight termination system isn't relevant when you're
               | deliberately launching over land. The FTS doesn't
               | disintegrate the thing
        
             | FrustratedMonky wrote:
             | Exactly. The Chinese wont be worried about 'alignment' to
             | prevent bias against minorities. That will be a feature.
             | 
             | Success is all that matters.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | Yi Deng Wai Ren ,Er Deng Guan
               | 
               | San Deng Shao Min ,Si Deng Yi
               | 
               | The Chinese have copied many beliefs from the West that
               | you might not have expected, including the belief that
               | minorities should enjoy many more legal privileges than
               | the majority do.
        
               | Dalewyn wrote:
               | China makes Saudi Arabia look like a paragon of human
               | rights.
        
               | cycrutchfield wrote:
               | Let's ask the Uyghurs about those legal privileges.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | The Uyghurs are a particularly interesting case. Like
               | several Chinese minority groups, they are entitled to
               | extra points on the Gao Kao .
               | 
               | Unlike other minority groups, it appears to be relatively
               | common for universities to discount their score by that
               | amount.
        
               | cycrutchfield wrote:
               | Extra points on some stupid exam are supposed to make up
               | for genocide/extrajudicial internment?
        
               | hn_go_brrrrr wrote:
               | I imagine you're correct if we're talking about the elite
               | enjoying more legal privileges than us mere commoners.
               | Both counties do have have that in common.
        
         | diggan wrote:
         | > It's this exact "succeed, at any cost" mentality that cements
         | my belief.
         | 
         | I think that's a ideology thing that goes across borders, as
         | it's a problem on both sides of the pacific.
        
           | Loughla wrote:
           | In the context of this video, you're just wrong.
           | 
           | Other countries seem to be very careful with their reentry
           | plans.
        
             | thorum wrote:
             | The analogy falls apart with AI, though.
             | 
             | - American AI "safety" practices have little or nothing in
             | common with best practices in other fields of engineering,
             | to the extent they can be said to exist at all (most AI
             | safety work focuses on making sure the AI doesn't say
             | anything that might offend someone).
             | 
             | - When a rocket blows up, people die but we learn from the
             | mistake. When an AI seriously "threatens humanity",
             | humanity dies and we very possibly don't get a second
             | chance.
        
             | diggan wrote:
             | I don't feel like parent was talking "in the context of
             | this video" as they mentioned AI, so I figured we left that
             | context behind in this comment-tree. Seemingly, I was
             | wrong.
        
         | dang wrote:
         | " _Eschew flamebait. Avoid generic tangents._ "
         | 
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/newsguidelines.html
        
       | petermcneeley wrote:
       | Is this video real? That booster seems to be falling very slowly.
        
         | plasticchris wrote:
         | It's an illusion, the larger an object is the slower it seems
         | to be moving. It's pretty strong if you see a wide body jet or
         | old bomber fly by at low altitude.
        
           | macintux wrote:
           | As a kid I saw an airliner landing nearby, and I was
           | absolutely certain it had come to a near-stop mid-air. I
           | assumed all of these years that was due to my youth and the
           | fact that I was in a moving car; I didn't realize this was a
           | known illusion.
        
           | jahnu wrote:
           | When I see a wide body jet fly over my home approaching a
           | landing about 15km away it just looks like it's impossible
           | how it just hangs there apparently little faster than an
           | airship. Of course it's actually going 300km/h!
        
           | petermcneeley wrote:
           | Is there a higher quality video where we could estimate its
           | velocity? It seems very slow.
           | 
           | Edit: There is more video here. https://spacenews.com/china-
           | launches-new-beidou-satellites-r...
        
             | throwbadubadu wrote:
             | Max terminal velocity of a skydiver is only 200 km/h.. if
             | this booster is empty this is even maybe slower. Plus real
             | slowness there is also the optical illusion of a very large
             | object in some distance.
             | 
             | So just curious, how fast would you think it should be, and
             | how fast do you think it is in the video?
        
               | petermcneeley wrote:
               | It makes more sense when you see the wreckage. The entire
               | booster looks like it is made of very thin metal. It is
               | falling on its side just before impact so it has maximum
               | drag at that stage. I would guess it is going 100km/h or
               | less.
        
       | izzydata wrote:
       | Isn't the point of the booster to use up the entirety of its fuel
       | to propel the main rocket? Is it normal for there to be enough
       | fuel left in it to cause such an explosion?
        
         | jackmott wrote:
         | There is often some margin, and it doesn't take much. Many
         | early failed falcon 9 landings were very explodey
        
         | orbital-decay wrote:
         | Yes, there's always residual fuel and oxidizer in the piping,
         | it's always accounted for. For the first stage of a rocket of
         | this size, it should be around a couple dozen kg, give or take.
         | And hypergolic components ignite on contact.
        
         | perihelions wrote:
         | You can't pump a fuel tank entirely empty. (You could try to
         | displace it with an inert filler gas--compressed helium, for
         | example--but then you're replacing fuel mass with filler-gas
         | mass, and that brings its own set of tradeoffs).
         | 
         | (I understand it's a particularly deep and difficult
         | engineering problem to solve this in space: in zero-gravity,
         | liquid fuels turn into bubbles floating around in nearly-empty
         | fuel tanks--all sorts of phenomena going on).
        
           | CobrastanJorji wrote:
           | By no means am I an engineer, but the first thing that comes
           | to mind to me is those little toothpaste keys, and I wonder
           | if you could perhaps just reduce the size of the canister as
           | it empties. I sort of imagine a board with a spring on the
           | top end of the canister that is held compressed under
           | pressure but pushes towards the other end as the fuel is used
           | up. Perhaps the pressure is so great when full that this is
           | very difficult?
        
             | positr0n wrote:
             | If that were possible with the fuels rockets use (liquid
             | hydrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid methane, etc.) it is still
             | probably way cheaper on every axis to just make the tank 3%
             | bigger and ignore the waste.
             | 
             | Common axes they care about in rocket design are weight,
             | cost in money, reliability/complexity, and lately
             | reusability.
        
             | mohaine wrote:
             | These are not cryogenic so something is probably possible
             | but this would add extra weight/mass.
             | 
             | You do not want extra weight on your rocket. Every bit of
             | non-fuel weight you add means you have to add extra fuel,
             | and the extra fuel to carry the extra fuel along with any
             | extra tank needed for the extra fuel. It gets bad fast.
             | 
             | It just isn't worth it when you can just add that weight as
             | fuel that normally doesn't get used. Ideally would dump in
             | the ocean (which you cleared) so it didn't matter (much).
        
             | krisoft wrote:
             | They do that for smaller engines. Absolutely. They call it
             | a bladder tank. Here is an article about it:
             | https://www.space-propulsion.com/spacecraft-
             | propulsion/hydra...
             | 
             | > I sort of imagine a board with a spring on the top end of
             | the canister
             | 
             | You are better off doing it with gas pressure instead of a
             | spring, but yeah absolutely. Very good thinking.
        
           | krisoft wrote:
           | > in zero-gravity, liquid fuels turn into bubbles floating
           | around in nearly-empty fuel tanks
           | 
           | Perihelions says it absolutely right. (Fitting nick name :))
           | 
           | There is a beautifull footage of the phenomenon from spacex:
           | https://youtu.be/mVAGoWJuDKk?si=AkjH5hAm-dHC0V87
           | 
           | From 34s onwards it shows an internal view of the liquid
           | oxygen tank. Just to better understand the picture the camera
           | is inside the cylindrical tank. The viewpoint is facing
           | backwards, so the camera is at the bulkhead closer to the tip
           | of the rocket and it is looking "down" towards the engines.
           | The blue "magical portal" is the surface of the liquid oxygen
           | draining away rapidly by the rocket engines. And then
           | suddenly there is main engine cutoff and the rocket is no
           | longer pushed forward by the engines. That is when you see
           | that the "magical portal" sloshes to the side and then breaks
           | up into many floating bubbles. They float because the whole
           | rocket, including the liquid oxygen is in free fall.
           | 
           | Why is this a hard problem? It is absolutely not a problem...
           | unless you want to re-ignite the engine. (Which you might
           | want to do to conduct further maneuvers) If you do that and
           | don't do anything special to shepherd the fuel to the pumps
           | of the rocket engine they might not suck in a propellant
           | bubble. If they don't your engine fails to reignite. If the
           | engine ignited, but then the pumps suck in a gas bubble they
           | will break apart. So you absolutely have to coax the fuel to
           | the intake before you try to reignite.
           | 
           | How do you do that? There are multiple strategies. At smaller
           | scales you can try to have a flexible bladder. But at large
           | rockets your best bet is to accelerate the rocket forward so
           | all the propellant sloshes to the back and then you can
           | ignite. Once the engine(s) are ignited you don't have to
           | worry about it anymore (that much) because the acceleration
           | will keep the propellants bunched up at the aft bulkhead.
           | 
           | But if you need the engines to be ignited to accelerate, and
           | you need to accelerate to ignite them then you have a
           | circular dependency. How do you in theory solve this? You
           | have some other mean of temporary propulsion. Either a cold
           | gas truster, or a monopropellant rocket with a flexible
           | blader, or a solid propellant engine. It doesn't have to be
           | powerfull, and it doesn't have to push you for long. Just
           | enough to collect the propellant while the main engines are
           | reignited. These auxilary motors are frequently called ullage
           | rockets.[1]
           | 
           | Now of course how long is long enough, and how much push you
           | need is the black magic with the whole thing.
           | 
           | (And of course this has nothing to do with the pictured
           | rockets. I don't think those are reignitable.)
           | 
           | 1: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ullage_motor
        
             | avar wrote:
             | A theoretical alternative to ullage motors is to impart a
             | spin on the vehicle. Then the fuel would pool at either
             | end, or along the tank walls, depending on the type of
             | spin.
             | 
             | There's some diagrams and discussion here:
             | https://exrocketman.blogspot.com/2021/08/propellant-
             | ullage-p...
        
             | noduerme wrote:
             | Silly question, maybe, but what is filling the "empty"
             | volume of that cylinder as the oxygen bubbles float around?
             | Clearly it can't be oxygen or nitrogen gas, so is it just
             | vacuum? In a total vacuum, wouldn't the liquid oxygen
             | atomize? (And wouldn't pulling a vacuum in the tank on the
             | way up make it a lot harder to pump the liquid out of it in
             | the atmosphere?)
        
         | numpad0 wrote:
         | You also don't want the booster to run out of gas while still
         | attached, as anything in a rocket could easily end in a
         | fireball
        
       | emsign wrote:
       | That's normal for China, they don't care about the trajectory of
       | their boosters and deorbited satellites.
        
       | edge17 wrote:
       | Another angle. Looks like it landed on someone's property
       | https://x.com/AJ_FI/status/1739686569676566911?s=20
        
         | cma wrote:
         | https://nitter.net/AJ_FI/status/1739686569676566911?s=20
        
         | ethbr1 wrote:
         | That looks like a different booster, given that the OP isn't
         | venting as it comes down and explodes.
         | 
         | Maybe this is common?
        
           | gs17 wrote:
           | It is common AFAIK. The most used launch sites (there's one
           | on Hainan where rockets only go over the ocean, but it's the
           | least used) are pretty far inland and they don't seem to mind
           | if boosters land on the people there or if the villages get
           | toxic fuel sprayed on them.
        
             | resolutebat wrote:
             | China has four major launch sites. Wenchang, the one on
             | Hainan, is used for human spaceflight. Larger cargo rockets
             | use Jiuquan in the middle of the Gobi Desert. It's the
             | other two, Taiyuan and Xichang (this one), that are
             | relatively close to rural villages, although both are still
             | very remote by Chinese standards.
        
         | bowmessage wrote:
         | Don't you mean the PRC's property?
        
       | wolverine876 wrote:
       | A better link: https://spacenews.com/china-launches-new-beidou-
       | satellites-r...
        
       | seanmcdirmid wrote:
       | These have fallen out of the sky before killing people on the
       | ground:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Long_March_3B
       | 
       | They launched it in Sichuan in a fairly populated region.
       | Supposedly, only 6 people died, but there are rumors that many
       | more were killed.
        
       | FrustratedMonky wrote:
       | Moloch is winning
        
         | wizzwizz4 wrote:
         | There are only, like, two dozen launch-capable space agencies
         | in the world (ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=L
         | ist_of_governmen...). This isn't a Moloch problem.
        
       | perihelions wrote:
       | That sus red smoke is nitrogen tetroxide [0], and the other fuel
       | would be one of the hydrazine derivatives (I believe UDMH [1]
       | here, given that the Twitter thread says this was a Long March
       | 3B). It's exactly as poisonous as it looks.
       | 
       | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinitrogen_tetroxide
       | 
       | [1]
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unsymmetrical_dimethylhydrazin...
       | 
       | edit: Oh yeah, those of you who are concerned about the toxic
       | fumes from gas stoves (popular HN topic), this is exactly* that
       | thing--except the stoves' are measured in micrograms and what
       | you're watching in rocket disaster videos is multiple tonnes. One
       | of these lands on your house, and you will _not_ need to worry
       | about long-term cancer risks ever again.
       | 
       | *(To be accurate, NO2 = N2O4 interconvert in dynamic equilibrium)
        
         | KMag wrote:
         | > *(To be accurate, NO2 = N2O4 interconvert in dynamic
         | equilibrium)
         | 
         | ... and isn't N02 red while N204 is clear? So, to be pedantic,
         | the red they're seeing is N02?
        
           | perihelions wrote:
           | Exactly!
        
         | cmrdporcupine wrote:
         | Nicely uphill from the rice paddy this video was taken in, too.
         | I'm sure that rice will be extra delicious as the rains wash
         | the residues into the field.
         | 
         | WP about N-Nitrosodimethylamine, which apparently
         | dimethylhydrazine is a precursor to _" Contamination of
         | drinking water with NDMA is of particular concern due to the
         | minute concentrations at which it is harmful, the difficulty in
         | detecting it at these concentrations, and to the difficulty in
         | removing it from drinking water. It does not readily
         | biodegrade, adsorb, or volatilize. As such, it cannot be
         | removed by activated carbon and travels easily through soils.
         | "_
        
         | ordu wrote:
         | _> what you 're watching in rocket disaster videos is multiple
         | tonnes_
         | 
         | But this one hardly had multiple tonnes,hadn't it? It was a
         | spent side booster, so the most of the stuff had been burned
         | before the separation, I think.
        
           | onetimeuse92304 wrote:
           | When you send a rocket to space, you want a margin for error.
           | Usually this is couple percent for the first stage.
           | 
           | Given that the total weight of fuel at launch in this thing
           | is couple hundred tonnes then yes, the margin for error can
           | be multiple tonnes, but we will not know because the exact
           | value will depend on the particulars of this launch.
        
         | itishappy wrote:
         | If you're interested in this sort of stuff, I cannot recommend
         | the book Ignition enough. It's got the information density of a
         | textbook, but it's filled with hilarious commentary and
         | fascinating anecdotes.
         | 
         | https://library.sciencemadness.org/library/books/ignition.pd...
        
           | cylinder714 wrote:
           | Ignition! is back in print, happily.
        
       | fransje26 wrote:
       | "I love the smell of hydrazine in the morning."
        
       | kens wrote:
       | NASA has a vintage 1966 video "Toxic Propellant Hazards in
       | Rocketry" that provides an interesting discussion of the dangers
       | of nitrogen tetroxide and hydrazine propellants. It includes
       | people mixing them together in the desert, along with a
       | dramatization of how to deal with a nitrogen tetroxide leak.
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ND2TeNfcmKA
        
       | csours wrote:
       | Amazing how villagers these days have cell phones that can take
       | high quality video. My villagers are walking around with wicker
       | baskets and wooden hammers.
        
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       (page generated 2023-12-28 23:01 UTC)