[HN Gopher] Shitflation, shrinkflation, inflation database
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Shitflation, shrinkflation, inflation database
        
       Author : jonatron
       Score  : 101 points
       Date   : 2023-12-22 18:42 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (jonatron.github.io)
 (TXT) w3m dump (jonatron.github.io)
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | I cook from basic ingredients almost exclusively. This avoids
       | most of the issues in this article, but then again prices for
       | these have doubled or more over the last two years. At least
       | there it is more in your face.
        
         | gruez wrote:
         | >but then again prices for these have doubled or more over the
         | last two years.
         | 
         | Where are you buying your food? At least according to BLS data
         | raw ingredient inflation is nowhere near that high. If you
         | compare the price indices between today and late 2019, the max
         | price you see is 59% (for the entire period, not annualized).
         | Most are in the 20-30% range. I know this is BLS data for the
         | whole country and localized inflation might be higher in
         | specific places and/or outside the US, but 4x higher seems like
         | hyperbole.
         | 
         | Here's a comparison based on an arbitrary selection of "basic
         | ingredients":                   category Nov. 2023 Dec. 2019 %
         | rise         Flour and prepared flour mixes 325.853 225.638
         | 44.4%         Rice, pasta, cornmeal 291.728 234.282 24.5%
         | Beef and veal 415.788 313.818 32.5%         Pork chops(4)
         | 242.457 191.834 26.4%         Other pork including roasts,
         | steaks, and ribs(5) 160.961 129.193 24.6%         Chicken(4)(5)
         | 194.86 152.095 28.1%         Other uncooked poultry including
         | turkey(5) 209.362 147.475 42.0%         Fresh fish and
         | seafood(4)(5) 220.513 186.119 18.5%         Eggs(4) 261.105
         | 213.421 22.3%         Milk(5) 176.76 144.845 22.0%
         | Cheese and related products(4) 264.392 234.486 12.8%
         | Fresh fruits 417.433 353.047 18.2%         Fresh vegetables
         | 376.284 334.875 12.4%         Frozen fruits and vegetables(5)
         | 186.642 142.654 30.8%         Roasted coffee(6) 250.296 196.173
         | 27.6%         Sugar and sugar substitutes 261.475 186.257 40.4%
         | Butter and margarine(5) 284.894 199.761 42.6%
         | 
         | [1] https://www.bls.gov/web/cpi/cpi-u.xlsx
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://web.archive.org/web/20201022124428if_/https://www.bl...
        
           | anonymouswacker wrote:
           | Government lies, aka statistics, conveniently ignore the cost
           | of high quality items when doing averages. If you are buying
           | eggs as a health conscious person, you know not to buy
           | $1/dozen eggs any more because industry producers have made
           | them low cost by reducing quality, feeding chickens soy and
           | the cheapest excuse for food. The pastured ones are 5-10x the
           | cost and the quality is night and day. US government
           | conveniently views these things as staples, but they are not.
        
             | brvsft wrote:
             | https://wolfstreet.com/2019/12/05/what-worries-me-about-
             | hedo...
             | 
             | I think this sums it up well. People mostly don't know or
             | care about how hedonic regression is used in CPI (myself
             | included, on knowing). I don't think the process is easy to
             | understand nor transparent (although I may be wrong here).
             | 
             | But BLS denies this assessment (and it's not 100% related
             | to the article posted, but closely related to your comment
             | I think):
             | 
             | https://www.bls.gov/cpi/factsheets/common-misconceptions-
             | abo...
             | 
             | > When the cost of food rises, does the CPI assume that
             | consumers switch to less desired foods, such as
             | substituting hamburger for steak?
             | 
             | > No. ...
             | 
             | > Is the use of "hedonic quality adjustment" in the CPI
             | simply a way of lowering the inflation rate?
             | 
             | > No. ...
             | 
             | Obviously, they provide their own explanations, but I'm not
             | going to paste the whole thing. This is definitely
             | something I'd like to understand better though. Especially
             | every time I complain about how Chewy Chips Ahoy or some
             | other product I enjoyed in my childhood is absolute garbage
             | now, and I don't buy the explanation that I simply had bad
             | taste as a kid.
             | 
             | They also host this Quality Adjustment page to say which
             | types of products do or don't have such adjustments:
             | https://www.bls.gov/cpi/quality-adjustment/home.htm. So
             | maybe this is transparency. I think it would take me 2+
             | hours on a weekend to really research this to understand it
             | myself.
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | The BLS also produces an inflation research series called
               | R-CPI-U-RS that does not make substitutions, and it's
               | really not very different from the formal CPI series. [1]
               | 
               | Note that all of the data and methodology that goes into
               | this is public and if there were any real, actually
               | problematic substitutions, you'd know about it. The
               | substitutions are good, actually, as they reflect changes
               | in tastes. For instance, lobster and caviar used to be
               | food for poor people. Should they be part of the CPI
               | despite the fact they're rich people food now? Definitely
               | not, that would massively overstate inflation.
               | 
               | > Especially every time I complain about how Chewy Chips
               | Ahoy or some other product I enjoyed in my childhood is
               | absolute garbage now, and I don't buy the explanation
               | that I simply had bad taste as a kid.
               | 
               | Honestly, I buy that completely. We've known our tastes
               | change as we get older. I used to hate tomatoes, now I
               | love them. [2]
               | 
               | [1] https://www.bls.gov/cpi/research-series/r-cpi-u-rs-
               | home.htm
               | 
               | [2] https://www.bonappetit.com/entertaining-style/trends-
               | news/ar...
        
           | arcticbull wrote:
           | There has been significant increase in ingredient prices _at
           | grocery stores_ due to the consolidation of basically every
           | chain under Kroger and Cerberus Capital Management. They 've
           | been shutting down stores, eliminating competition and
           | dramatically raising prices. _And_ they 're trying to
           | themselves merge.
           | 
           | While those core goods prices are I believe accurate, the
           | prices at point of sale have gone up significantly more -
           | especially in places that went from having a competitive
           | grocery market to, well not.
           | 
           | Note that restaurants have done a significantly better job of
           | controlling ingredient costs specifically because they don't
           | shop at grocery chains.
        
             | gruez wrote:
             | >While those core goods prices are I believe accurate, the
             | prices at point of sale have gone up significantly more -
             | especially in places that went from having a competitive
             | grocery market to, well not.
             | 
             | CPI, as the name suggests, is based on _consumer_ prices.
             | They 're not taking the price of wheat features and calling
             | it a day.
             | 
             | https://www.bls.gov/cpi/questions-and-answers.htm
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | I was typing too fast, lol, I meant to say "the prices at
               | point of sale have gone up significantly more _for some
               | people_. " Especially in places that used to have a
               | competitive grocery environment. I think people tend to
               | mistake their personal experiences for broader trends.
               | 
               | Of course I agree with you about how CPI samples are
               | taken and that they are representative of the market as a
               | whole.
               | 
               | tl;dr: I agree with you, I'm just floating a theory as to
               | why some people may have significantly different
               | experiences on a micro level.
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _places that used to have a competitive grocery
               | environment_
               | 
               | This is what I'm seeing, anecdotally. In towns with more
               | than one non-affiliated grocer, prices are cheap. In
               | towns with consolidated groceries, prices are higher.
               | Enough that the "savvy" shoppers, _i.e._ those with a car
               | and time and liquidity to enable bulk buying, drive to
               | the next town over.
        
             | jwagenet wrote:
             | It's pretty crazy to me that Kroger is looking to buy/merge
             | with Albertsons (Safeway) with basically no opposition. I
             | generally prefer Kroger brand stores, but I can't imagine
             | this will be good for consumers in any sense.
        
           | armchairhacker wrote:
           | 20-30% is around what I see. I still think that's high for a
           | period of 2 years (imagine that compounding over 10-20
           | years...).
           | 
           | There was a situation a while ago where egg prices really did
           | "double or more" (about $1/egg in the worst places). But
           | that's also the one place I've seen where prices went back
           | down, and big brands got charged with collusion, and there
           | was an avian flu epidemic on top of that.
        
         | minkiebun wrote:
         | FRED does a nice job of cataloguing prices of the most basic
         | ingredients. The history on them makes clear that a lot of
         | these stories round off to noise; people noticing things going
         | up and not noticing when they stay flat or decline.
         | 
         | Take for example eggs: they're up about 20% over the last two
         | years... but they're down from 15 years ago, because eggs have
         | (mostly) stayed really cheap for a long time.
         | 
         | And that's not down in inflation adjusted dollars, it's just
         | down.
        
           | mikeyouse wrote:
           | Yep. You need to go back to ~1996 to get to a 2x increase in
           | cost of food at home:
           | 
           | https://fred.stlouisfed.org/graph/?g=1d3aL
           | 
           | Though as a general rule people notice acceleration not
           | speed, so the big pandemic bump is clearly more impactful
           | than a slower increase.
        
             | rileymat2 wrote:
             | Is there a stat that tracks discount sale prices? I
             | typically craft my purchases around what is discounted, but
             | those "seem" dramatically worse than the general price
             | increases.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Eggs around here were as low as 29 cents (during an egg price
           | war, to be fair, but normal prices were well below a buck)
           | and during whatever egg crisis there was recently peaked at
           | nearly $4 a dozen. Both were the same "cheapest eggs in the
           | store" though the local farm-raised eggs had a much smaller
           | increase (maybe from $4.29 to $4.79).
           | 
           | Since then the cheapest eggs have come back down somewhat.
           | 
           | The problem is statistics count averages or price on a
           | certain day, etc, people remember the _highest_ price they
           | paid recently.
        
         | andy99 wrote:
         | I wonder. There was an article I saw recently about the
         | nutritional content of either grains or vegetables going down
         | over time. Anecdotally a lot of meat is worse, either full of
         | water or otherwise lower quality. There was something a few
         | years ago about butter quality going down, reportedly because
         | of how cows were being fed. Anyway you see my point. Even basic
         | ingredients are subject to the same kinds of -flations.
         | "Continuous improvement" is constantly ratcheting down quality.
        
         | armchairhacker wrote:
         | I'd like to know if there's any way whole foods can get
         | enshittified.
         | 
         | Some people say there's a real difference in health between
         | non-organic and organic foods, others say it's BS. Anecdotally,
         | some people say the meat and produce from places like and
         | Walmart are worse than those from places like Whole foods, and
         | generics are worse than brand names, even ignoring organic vs.
         | non-organic; but I wonder how much is placebo, and how much is
         | a real difference in nutrition. I assume that some products are
         | literally the same thing repackaged, but others are different
         | in ways that matter.
         | 
         | There's also things which are supposed to be monitored by the
         | FDA, like using pesticides and injecting meat with saline. My
         | understanding is that the FDA is pretty strict in the US but
         | who knows?
         | 
         | Foods like:
         | 
         | - Fresh fruit and vegetables
         | 
         | - Frozen fruit and vegetables
         | 
         | - Canned fruit and vegetables
         | 
         | - Eggs
         | 
         | - Dairy (milk, cheese, yogurt)
         | 
         | - Grains (oats, rice)
         | 
         | - Fresh meat and fish
         | 
         | - Frozen meat and fish
         | 
         | - Canned meat and fish (e.g. canned chicken, tuna)
         | 
         | - Ground meat
         | 
         | - Seasoning
         | 
         | - Olive oil, butter
        
           | hammock wrote:
           | USDA* not FDA
           | 
           | You are only standing at the edge of the rabbit hole friend.
           | Don't be afraid to take a few steps in
        
           | jonatron wrote:
           | New seed varieties made for growth and shelf life, greenhouse
           | grown instead of field grown
        
             | armchairhacker wrote:
             | Yes but those are examples where it seems it doesn't
             | matter, also GMOs.
             | 
             | Simply using breeding, genetic engineering, and artificial
             | growth to create more efficient and resilient crops isn't a
             | bad thing, it only is if it somehow makes quality worse as
             | a by-product. Even then, if the product is just less
             | nutrient-dense, it's less of an issue than products with
             | additives known to cause immune responses and other health
             | issues (including pesticides which crop engineering can
             | make redundant, so in some cases it's even a good thing).
        
               | arcticbull wrote:
               | > Simply using breeding, genetic engineering, and
               | artificial growth to create more efficient and resilient
               | crops isn't a bad thing, it only is if it somehow makes
               | quality worse as a by-product.
               | 
               | Have you met the Red Delicious Apple? It was grown
               | specifically for shelf life and aesthetics and it became
               | so mealy and tasteless that people stopped eating it. [1]
               | 
               | [1] https://thecounter.org/history-economics-red-
               | delicious-apple...
        
           | darth_avocado wrote:
           | I've done the comparison recently, the difference between the
           | same brand from Whole Foods and Safeway for example is
           | basically none, with Whole Foods selling it at a premium.
           | However, the quality can vary if you buy a premium brand from
           | Whole Foods vs the generic from Safeway.
        
           | lozenge wrote:
           | From what I understand, if you want to farm in a way that
           | prioritises taste and quality over cost, you need to get that
           | Organic certification. Otherwise, consumers will not pay for
           | it.
           | 
           | Meanwhile, you could also chase the Organic certification to
           | fetch a higher price, but not care about the taste... then
           | it's up to the buyer (mainly the grocery store) whether you
           | reached their quality bar.
           | 
           | I think there's a big regional variation as well. By the time
           | the avocados get from CA to NJ, maybe the different offerings
           | don't taste that different. But the opposite might be true
           | for another foodstuff.
        
       | hayesti wrote:
       | Nice idea. A couple of small suggestions:
       | 
       | - Perhaps choose some base rate of inflation and determine if the
       | product price has increased in line with that or slower/faster.
       | 
       | - Use a bold font to highlight the product weight.
       | 
       | - Use an archived version of the product page today - that will
       | reduce maintenance time moving forward.
       | 
       | And a question: are you using net or gross weight? When using
       | gross weight it may very well be an update in packaging that is
       | impacting the reported number.
        
         | arcticbull wrote:
         | Also, there's a lot of questionable things going on here.
         | 
         | For instance, a big red flag on the bacon that went from 90%
         | pork to 89% pork. That sounds like a rounding error to me.
         | Certainly not worthy of calling out.
         | 
         | Then tomato sauce (a preserved product) moving from raw tomato
         | to preserved tomato getting called out when by all accounts, I
         | can't imagine why that would matter. The product is after all,
         | a preserved tomato product. Benefit of the doubt I'd just call
         | it a recipe change. It may be _better_ now. Just because it 's
         | different doesn't make it worse.
         | 
         | Finally the Chicken Tikka going from 26% marinated chicken to
         | 14% _cooked_ marinated chicken. That line item includes the
         | marinade in both cases - which evaporates during cooking. How
         | much of that is lost water and fat? How much of that was just
         | the marinade cooking off?
         | 
         | Why is "deflation" just as red as "inflation" and "shitflation"
         | - isn't that what you want? Lower prices?
         | 
         | I'm confused, I think this is a pretty weak presentation all
         | around.
         | 
         | It would be really interesting to learn the magnitude of these
         | effects but the way it's presented here it's hard to learn
         | anything.
        
           | lazide wrote:
           | Eh, shrinkflation is a number of small things like 90% pork
           | to 89% pork. Do that 5-10 times, 1-2% at a time - and now
           | you're at 75% pork.
           | 
           | 26% marinated chicken to 14% cooked marinated chicken - what
           | makes you think the lost fat made it into the meal, and
           | wasn't skimmed off and sold off to (for example) a broth
           | company, or a rendering plant?
           | 
           | Maybe it was. If they could figure out how to make money off
           | it though, chances are it wasn't.
           | 
           | Also, how would you know it wasn't really 20% chicken cooked
           | down to 14%?
           | 
           | It's a good way to lose _actual_ calories and nutrients while
           | thinking you 're not losing anything. Which is also either
           | shitflation or shrinkflation, depending on how you count it.
           | 
           | Totally agree on deflation, etc. though. That could also be
           | from switching to reasonable quality ingredients to total
           | crap ingredients that technically can be listed as the same
           | thing on the label.
           | 
           | The challenge in general is it's the economy wide equivalent
           | of shaving silver dollars - lots of small, invisible losses
           | done by potentially many individuals that eventually add up
           | to real visible differences and economy wide losses. In a way
           | it's really hard to figure out who actually stole things.
        
           | jonatron wrote:
           | > Then tomato sauce (a preserved product) moving from raw
           | tomato to preserved tomato getting called out when by all
           | accounts, I can't imagine why that would matter. The product
           | is after all, a preserved tomato product. Benefit of the
           | doubt I'd just call it a recipe change.
           | 
           | Compare the nutrition information per 100g. Less carbs,
           | sugars, fat, protein, fibre, but more salt.
        
             | 8organicbits wrote:
             | Since the product always contained salt, perhaps they now
             | add less salt to compensate for the salt present in the
             | preserved tomato? Is tomato sauce getting saltier?
        
               | lozenge wrote:
               | The nutrition information would show salt regardless of
               | which ingredient it came from.
        
           | brvsft wrote:
           | https://vegetarische.wordpress.com/2009/06/06/understanding-.
           | ..
           | 
           | > Tomato Puree
           | 
           | > Made from cooked tomatoes that have been strained of seeds
           | and skins. Often this is just "reconstituted tomato paste,"
           | made by adding water to tomato paste. This product has weak
           | tomato flavor and isn't called for in many recipes. Use in
           | chilis, soups, and other long-cooked recipes where smooth,
           | rich tomato texture is required. Many American commercial
           | pasta sauces have tomato puree as their first ingredient
           | (because tomato paste is cheaper to ship) which is why
           | they're not as fresh tasting as homemade sauces. I don't
           | think this exists in Germany, but it doesn't matter so much
           | because you're going to be adding it to recipes that calls
           | for long cooking times and many ingredients. If you have a
           | recipe that calls for it, you can make it by adding water to
           | tomato paste, or cooking down passierte tomatoes.
           | 
           | No idea how accurate this is, but I would assume it's true
           | and thus "partially reconstituted tomato puree" is less ideal
           | for a pasta sauce (where you likely want more of a tomato
           | flavor).
        
           | karaterobot wrote:
           | > For instance, a big red flag on the bacon that went from
           | 90% pork to 89% pork. That sounds like a rounding error to
           | me. Certainly not worthy of calling out.
           | 
           | The reason you can say that there is no consequential
           | difference being illustrated here is precisely because he
           | recorded that difference. It's just data collection, it's not
           | shady unless they hide the numbers and still draw the
           | conclusions for you.
        
             | arcticbull wrote:
             | That would be fine if it were consistent, but in the tomato
             | sauce only "tomato" is highlighted despite the tomato in
             | both coming from tomato _and_ puree. What happened for the
             | most part wasn 't a net decrease in tomato but a shift in
             | the relative proportions of the kinds used. Why not
             | highlight the shift in proportion instead of just the drop
             | in one component?
             | 
             | What happened wasn't a drop from 73% tomato to 46% tomato
             | as the highlighting would have you believe. Instead it's a
             | change from 73% tomato/14% puree (total 87% tomato) to 46%
             | tomato/43% partially reconstituted puree (total 89%
             | tomato). It's actually more tomato than ever - while
             | costing 20% less.
             | 
             | Calling this "shitflation" seems like quite an arbitrary
             | judgement from someone who hasn't tried it? Especially when
             | it's 1/5 less expensive. What if it tastes better? What if
             | it takes less than 20% worse?
        
       | FrustratedMonky wrote:
       | Can we get a DB for "Shitification".
        
         | teddyh wrote:
         | As soon as there is a metric for it.
        
         | mdorazio wrote:
         | I'd love to see this also and was hoping to see it in this
         | page. I think it would need to be industry-specific, though,
         | and the stats are hard to come by.
         | 
         | For example, I fly a lot for work and have noticed delays and
         | cancellations are a lot higher than they used to be. The data
         | seems to support this in aggregate [1], but I'd like to see it
         | by carrier.
         | 
         | Service enshitification is a lot harder to quantify, but is
         | definitely another thing I've noticed at checkouts,
         | restaurants, etc.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.transtats.bts.gov/homedrillchart.asp
        
       | CoastalCoder wrote:
       | I'd love to see legislation requiring _prominent_ advertising of
       | any changes to a product that buyers might see as a negative.
       | E.g.:
       | 
       | - Smaller product quantity, when previously sold at an apparently
       | similar quantity (secret shrinkflation).
       | 
       | - Changes in food recipe (secret food enshitification).
       | 
       | - (maybe) changes in nutritional value or flavor for farm
       | produce. I'm not sure how this is possible or practical, but I'm
       | thinking about claims that e.g. tomatoes taste worse and are less
       | nutritious than they were a few decades ago.
       | 
       | - Changes in non-food products that worsen performance. E.g., SSD
       | makers switching to cheaper and slower components after initial
       | reviews have come out, but still retaining the same product name.
       | (secret non-food enshitification)
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _legislation requiring prominent advertising of any changes
         | to a product_
         | 
         | Probably can't do this across the board. But one could
         | certainly link trademark rights to it. The purpose of a
         | trademark is to signal to consumers what they're buying, after
         | all.
        
       | CoffeeOnWrite wrote:
       | This, uh, isn't a database? I clicked through to the GitHub and
       | see only a hard coded html file with the small handful of Tesco
       | comparisons, and a single screenshot. Where is the database? What
       | am I missing? Why is this interesting?
        
         | jen20 wrote:
         | The Wikipedia page defines a database as an organized
         | collection of data, which is what this is.
        
           | CoffeeOnWrite wrote:
           | Would you share a reply that is more helpful than this
           | "technically correct" reply? IE what is this "database"
           | useful for? Why is it noteworthy? I'm genuinely curious.
        
       | wonderwonder wrote:
       | There are few things in life more irritating than opening a bag
       | of chips and its only 1/3 full. Its all a scam
        
         | JohnMakin wrote:
         | That is not what this is. The amount of chips and the
         | ingredients in the bag will usually be fairly consistent. The
         | effect you're describing is due to packaging, where things like
         | chips will settle to the bottom of the package over time and
         | during shipping.
        
           | lozenge wrote:
           | Yes, there's always been air in the bag, but not like this.
           | 
           | Food inflation has been over 10% for two years now in the UK
           | so it's been very noticeable.
        
             | JohnMakin wrote:
             | I am not disputing inflation in the UK, but rather the fact
             | that chip bags consisting of mostly air is not an effect of
             | inflation.
        
           | wonderwonder wrote:
           | Sure, its just intentionally misleading and irritating. I
           | very much doubt the bag was full when it left the factory and
           | is only 1/3 full at purchase due to settling
        
         | geodel wrote:
         | Well, weight is written on package. Not sure if one really
         | expects 3 times more chips for that weight.
        
           | lozenge wrote:
           | Do you remember what was written on the package last time you
           | bought it? Times the 100 products you buy. Will you notice
           | the new void added at the bottom of the jar? Or the gap
           | between servings hidden under the label and around the
           | transparent window?
        
           | wonderwonder wrote:
           | how much does a chip weigh? Do you check weights on all of
           | the products you purchase. Having a back that is 2/3 empty
           | and filled with air is clearly intended to mislead.
        
       | geodel wrote:
       | Well, very few items. Also, I am surprised in almost ten years
       | prices have not gone up by much and quantity reduction is just
       | about ~10%.
       | 
       | Seems to me these much-maligned supermarkets are giving better
       | value to customers than much-loved restaurants.
        
       | ricardo81 wrote:
       | Fantastic idea, particularly the 'shit' part IMO.
       | 
       | Realistically can the average person care enough to use this
       | information, to measure value? Possibly some abstraction and
       | scale for more casual comparison would be useful.
       | 
       | Normalising the idea of this kind of data and having a historical
       | frame of reference like this would/could be a pretty solid
       | resource, especially when looking at particular brands.
        
       | vondur wrote:
       | Lol, "Shitflation" sounds like something Lahey would say from the
       | Trailer Park Boys TV show.
        
       | carlo2 wrote:
       | Nice.
       | 
       | I've got a constantly growing dataset of price and quantity
       | history for all products in one supermarket's database (Ocado,
       | the online-only supermarket in the UK I shop at). Doesn't include
       | ingredients at the moment, but I do like the idea of that. Also
       | only a few months of data so far.
       | 
       | Anyway, I've made it available as a website in a way that is
       | hopefully useful - it is to me at least: https://ocamatic.uk/
        
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       (page generated 2023-12-22 23:02 UTC)