[HN Gopher] Most 16-year-olds don't have servers in their rooms
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       Most 16-year-olds don't have servers in their rooms
        
       Author : varun_ch
       Score  : 344 points
       Date   : 2023-12-20 16:20 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (varun.ch)
 (TXT) w3m dump (varun.ch)
        
       | nullindividual wrote:
       | Good for you! I get a feeling that there are fewer and fewer
       | individuals learning the basics (or sometimes not-so-basic) of
       | hardware and operating systems. It is invaluable knowledge, even
       | when working with PaaS. For instance, having experience with IIS
       | since NT4 and Apache since the 1.x days is invaluable in
       | diagnosing Azure Web Sites.
        
         | ksec wrote:
         | Most dont even have a PC that they assemble themselves. They
         | have very little idea of the internals. Nor do they follow and
         | read enough about hardware news and articles. These PC could be
         | used as Server. While not professional rack based ones, but you
         | will still need config them.
         | 
         | A lot of these basic understanding and fundamental learning
         | experience is gone. We are not far from Front End developers
         | that dont understanding anything about HTML and CSS but only
         | React.
        
           | mplewis wrote:
           | We hear this every day on this website and it's just not
           | true. Making computers accessible to people makes it _more
           | likely_ that they 'll get into hardware enthusiasm and
           | assembling a desktop from parts.
        
         | al_borland wrote:
         | Even people actively in the industry don't know. About 10 years
         | ago I was working in a datacenter and one of the severs needed
         | some hardware replaced (new ram or something). The guy who ran
         | the team that used the server (who sat maybe 50 yards from the
         | server room for many years), asked if he could watch me do the
         | replacement. He had never seen the inside of a server before
         | and was curious what it was like. This blew my mind. I didn't
         | get how he could be so close to it for so long and never see
         | it. He made it sound like he never even saw the inside of a
         | home PC as well.
         | 
         | At the time it wasn't like there was a lot of protocols in
         | place. He could have walked up to one of a dozen people and
         | asked for a tour on any given day and gotten it, no questions
         | asked. Not to mention random servers sitting around the cube
         | farm for whatever reason. He just never thought about it before
         | that day.
        
           | yardie wrote:
           | I provision servers for a living and usually the only times
           | they get physically touched are when we rack them and the 2nd
           | and last time is when we unrack them. Occasionally, one will
           | have a hardware replacement. But for the most part a server
           | runs continuously for 3-5 years. Even a memory upgrade
           | involves unbundling so much cable (power, network, storage,
           | KVM) that it's easier to rack a new one with more memory.
           | 
           | I'm not surprised your team leader, if of a certain age,
           | hasn't seen the inside of a modern server. We push our
           | datacenters further and further out into the countryside. My
           | annual trip to our DC was a 4 hour drive and even then it was
           | just to do annual inventory.
        
       | imetatroll wrote:
       | Very cool to see! I find it interesting that being young you
       | didn't automatically gravitate towards Linux. It is IMHO much
       | more interesting to use than windows, is free in a variety of
       | ways, and gives you the power to customize as much as you desire.
       | You did join the light side after all however so all's well that
       | ends well :)
        
         | qup wrote:
         | gkrellm might have single handedly brought me to Linux. So much
         | bling
        
       | imetatroll wrote:
       | As for taking your servers with you. You don't have to! Use
       | tailscale (or wireguard). Just downgrade your hardware a bit
       | beforehand perhaps in order to decrease burden.
        
       | more_corn wrote:
       | If you ask your university nicely they may provide rack space for
       | you.
       | 
       | Universities love when students take initiative and
       | build/maintain servers. My university had a student apprentice
       | program where students provided technical expertise to
       | departments as a work study program. And my colleague in the
       | program had a deal with the CS department where they hosted his
       | game server for him. Since he was learning valuable server
       | administration skills and working with other students they
       | approved it.
       | 
       | It's an easier sell if you ask to put it in the DMZ and if
       | there's some benefit for other students.
        
         | mattl wrote:
         | Few 16 year olds are at university?
        
           | sceadu wrote:
           | He makes a comment about graduating and moving to university
           | in the blog post.
        
             | mattl wrote:
             | I don't know about Switzerland but that's at least a few
             | years away?
        
               | tehbeard wrote:
               | Then it just shows they've got better planning timescales
               | than most clients I deal with.. (so much last minute
               | bullshit right now with Christmas next week...)
        
               | mattl wrote:
               | Ugh. Tell me about it.
        
               | varun_ch wrote:
               | I'm in the graduating class of 2025, which is closer than
               | it appears.
        
               | nh2 wrote:
               | If you'd like to meet some likeminded people reasonably-
               | nearby, feel invited to the Zurich Nix meetup [1] or the
               | largest Haskell conference [2]!
               | 
               | [1]: https://www.meetup.com/nix-zurich/
               | 
               | [2]: https://zfoh.ch/zurihac2024/
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | In years past if you knew someone it might have been easy to
         | get a server plugged in and on the network with a public IP at
         | a university. Maybe in an office or lab somewhere on campus.
         | Nobody would likely know, or care to ask any questions.
         | 
         | Today, they are more and more locked down, everything is run by
         | "enterprise" IT, you need to submit forms and get approvals for
         | every new device with a public IP address, etc. Anything
         | unknown that pops up on the network will be automatically
         | blocked until they know what it is and who is responsible for
         | it.
        
       | abrookewood wrote:
       | Nope, my son has them (5 in total) stashed under the stairs where
       | they still manage to generate enough heat & noise to make me
       | question the placement. Still, pretty chuffed that he's managed
       | to do it all himself.
        
         | chupapimunyenyo wrote:
         | Nope what? What do you disagree with?
        
           | rstat1 wrote:
           | Probably referring to the title.
           | 
           | "Nope most 16yr olds do not in fact have servers in their
           | room"
           | 
           | Or at least that's how I read it.
        
           | jameshart wrote:
           | Actually looks like a 'nope' of agreement.
           | 
           | - Most 16 year olds don't have servers in their room
           | 
           | - No indeed, some have them in the cupboard under the stairs
           | 
           | Of course, some 16 year-olds, like Harry Potter, have their
           | room _in_ the cupboard under the stairs, so the logic doesn
           | 't follow implicitly.
        
             | qup wrote:
             | It follows, that's just a third category which agrees and
             | can be prefixed with 'nope'
        
       | patrakov wrote:
       | Please note that hosting a publicly accessible server in your
       | room at home is specifically prohibited by some employers in
       | heavily regulated industries, and if found, this may result in a
       | large fine (enough to cover the company security re-audit cost)
       | and termination. They even prohibit having a public IP on the
       | router, having IPv6 support, having firmware other than the
       | manufacturer-supplied one, and even having access to the router
       | (i.e., it's the manufacturer and the ISP who should be
       | responsible for security updates, for ensuring that there is
       | absolutely no way for attackers to enter the home network by
       | means of routing, and for the fact that you cannot screw that
       | up).
       | 
       | Having a server for your own use from within the home network is
       | fine.
        
         | Gelob wrote:
         | What are you talking about
        
         | hooverd wrote:
         | Which industries?
        
         | theideaofcoffee wrote:
         | Won't someone think of the employers.
        
         | dharmab wrote:
         | I work for an employer subject to ITAR and have never heard of
         | this requirement.
        
         | nicolaslem wrote:
         | I don't know about the prohibited part but that's exactly how
         | LinkedIn got hacked.
         | 
         | See https://darknetdiaries.com/transcript/86/ for details.
        
         | falqun wrote:
         | Could you give a hint to the employer or the industries you
         | talk about? Surely if an employer wants to very very securely
         | lock down the workspace they would just tell employees to come
         | to office and design that like a fortress, right? I mean I know
         | companies that have metal condensed onto the windows to
         | prohibit mobile reception, but why regulate your home like
         | that?
        
         | ndriscoll wrote:
         | I've never heard of this in financial services or network
         | infrastructure. It doesn't even sound sensical; if your
         | employer wants a secure LAN, they need to provide a device that
         | treats your home network as a WAN (sort of like a travel
         | router), and your work computer should be configured to only
         | connect to that device. Otherwise you're probably on a network
         | with e.g. TVs, which are definitely malicious.
        
           | patrakov wrote:
           | I never said that this makes sense or that it was enforceable
           | - yet this is what you get when your company is infected by
           | checklist-based compliance people and if an important
           | customer regularly sends these checklists as a condition of
           | continuing the contract.
           | 
           | I am not permitted to name this former employer because this
           | would allow hackers to create targeted phishing emails and
           | social engineering attacks against other people working
           | there.
        
             | ndriscoll wrote:
             | Compliance with what? I've never heard of this as part of
             | FedRAMP, PCI, SOC2, or FINRA requirements. Another user
             | hasn't heard of it in an ITAR restricted context. I don't
             | see how you could ever pass an audit if employees' personal
             | devices are in-scope. You could never check all of the
             | other boxes you need.
             | 
             | The router public IP requirement in particular is an
             | impossible one. You don't control what address your ISP
             | gives you. No checklist is going to have an item for some
             | random unaffiliated third party. They might be stupid, but
             | not that stupid.
        
               | patrakov wrote:
               | I have never asked where these requirements come from.
               | Possibly, they are just the whims of that customer. To
               | me, they seem to be written as a windy way to require
               | connecting through a mobile hotspot managed by the
               | operator.
        
         | icedchai wrote:
         | 1) I somehow doubt this is true. 2) If it was, it would not be
         | possible to enforce. People are adding and removing stuff on
         | their home network all the time. What if your roommate's
         | machine gets compromised? 3) Wouldn't it be simpler for them to
         | send out a VPN appliance and treat the home network as
         | untrusted?
        
         | danans wrote:
         | Organizations should treat all physical networks, including the
         | ones in their own offices, as untrusted. If they are trusting
         | an internal network these days, they are doing something wrong.
        
         | jve wrote:
         | Others already expressed surprise on what you wrote and none
         | has confirmed...
         | 
         | But here is some fun fact: when I was working at poultry plant
         | (well, chickens laid eggs) I had a clause within contract that
         | I cannot have my own chickens... I guess because of increased
         | risk to introduce diseases for the plant chickens?!
        
       | starkparker wrote:
       | I love seeing the server on an Ikea table next to a paragraph
       | about how expensive racks are. Did you know about Lack Rack?
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20230131031301/https://wiki.eth0...
        
         | roeles wrote:
         | So that's what it's called! Thanks!
        
           | tehbeard wrote:
           | Key point from that link; IKEA's swapped the materials round
           | to use a lot more of that honeycombed hollow stuff, which
           | makes it less than ideal for drilling or holding heavy
           | equipment.
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | I do! I just haven't had the time to measure everything and
         | find the right screws and table.
        
           | igetspam wrote:
           | Careful, once you go down that IKEA hacking rabbit hole, it
           | can be hard to stop buying cheap furniture.
           | 
           | https://ikeahackers.net
           | 
           | :)
        
       | sneed_chucker wrote:
       | It's always interesting seeing people like this online. I didn't
       | start programming until I was 15, and didn't know how to deploy
       | anything for real users until many years later. At 13, I don't
       | think I knew how to do anything useful.
        
         | ZainRiz wrote:
         | +1. At 22, working as a full time software engineer at a tech
         | company, I still didn't think I knew how to do anything useful
        
       | treesciencebot wrote:
       | Something that miss is, unless you need tons of IO (in the form
       | of SAS/SATA storage, or old generation PCIe cards), avoiding
       | these huge, noisy and power hungry servers are a lot simpler than
       | people may think. Mini/Micro form factor OEM PCs on the same
       | price point generally come with much newer generation of hardware
       | (instead of a 3rd gen i7, you might get a 8th gen i5) and overall
       | performance is so much better. It's also so much easier to host
       | and maintain (just plug it near your ISP modem, and forget about
       | it).
        
         | Dwedit wrote:
         | Had an Intel Motherboard + Atom CPU combo as a File Server
         | once, but eventually had to upgrade it because Atom chips
         | really suck. Eventually want to a Skylake Pentium, which
         | performs much better.
        
         | BSDobelix wrote:
         | >and forget about it
         | 
         | This is exactly what I didn't want when I was 16. I did have a
         | server too, but in the HP ML form factor (less noise than the
         | pizza boxes). Also, ECC is kind of important, and a real HW
         | raid is a nice learning expierience.
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | Absolutely. I think that's the practical solution I'll do when
         | I move out. Until then, it's definitely not nearly as fun
         | though!!
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | When you do head to uni, maybe see if there's a nearby place
           | which can co-locate your servers?
           | 
           | Stuff like this, though "near the uni" would make it easier
           | to access if/when the hardware needs a bit of adjustment. :)
           | 
           | * https://www.hetzner.com/colocation
           | 
           | Note that co-location pricing can be all over the place (from
           | low to incredibly high), so don't get discouraged too early.
           | 
           | This website _might_ be useful too, as it seems to show data
           | centers in various countries.
           | 
           | * https://www.datacentermap.com/switzerland/
           | 
           | Might be useful for putting together a list of places to
           | investigate. :)
        
         | NGRhodes wrote:
         | I've got an old Skylake HP elite SFF machine. Without
         | modification it can hold two 3.5in drives and a single 2.5in
         | drive. Also with great cooling design (cowling to direct heat
         | from the cou straight out of the back) and an efficient PSU (80
         | plus platinum), it makes a great value always-on machine.
        
         | mortos wrote:
         | I was looking at running OpnSense for my router and almost used
         | my old Skylake computer. Instead I bought a $100 fanless Intel
         | N100 micro computer that sips 7w and has about the same
         | performance. The electricity savings will pay for itself. And
         | the i5-6600k wasn't even that power hungry.
        
       | hcfman wrote:
       | Excellent! You are off to a good start.
       | 
       | You will likely find very few non-16 year olds doing that either.
       | Locally I mean. I'm sure that at least five in this site do :-)
        
       | ykl wrote:
       | This is super cool; I wish I had this level of initiative when I
       | was 16. I'm sure you have a bright career ahead of you!
        
       | chpatrick wrote:
       | If you don't want a super noisy server in your room you can rent
       | one from Hetzner for cheap. (Cheapest one currently at 34 euro a
       | month https://www.hetzner.com/sb)
        
         | misnome wrote:
         | What teenager has EUR400/year to spent on virtual servers?
        
           | chpatrick wrote:
           | One who can afford to buy the one in the article.
        
             | misnome wrote:
             | Based on what? They bought a cheap used server off of eBay?
             | That doesn't disappear if you stop paying a monthly fee?
        
               | chpatrick wrote:
               | > In May 2022, I finalized the crazy decision to get a
               | real rack-mounted server - I got a great deal on used
               | drives (3x3TB), RAM (128GB of DDR3), and relatively
               | powerful (read: power-hungry) CPUs (2xE5-2690) in a Dell
               | PowerEdge R720XD, which I paid for with some bug bounty
               | money I saved up.
               | 
               | Plus electricity/internet costs, replacing broken drives,
               | etc etc. You can get a lot of rental time out of that.
        
           | midasuni wrote:
           | One that has EUR400 a year or more to spend on powering a
           | 120W server 24/7
        
             | Symbiote wrote:
             | Parents pay for that, perhaps without realising.
        
             | lmm wrote:
             | Assuming it really was drawing 120W, that's about 1000kWh
             | for the year, so EUR300 at this year's unusually high
             | prices, EUR150 in a more typical year, and probably half of
             | that will be offset by reduced heating costs.
        
         | taskforcegemini wrote:
         | if all that you want is a "server", you might as well get a
         | vServer for less than 5EUR
        
           | chpatrick wrote:
           | This is a real dedicated server though, it's just sitting in
           | Germany instead of your house.
        
             | PeterisP wrote:
             | What $300+ worth difference does it being dedicated make to
             | the 16-year old ?
        
       | derelicta wrote:
       | Ahah I wonder how much of the EFZ you already completed just by
       | doing all those projects
        
       | shishcat wrote:
       | I'm a 16 year old with a small homelab too :)
       | 
       | I used to have all of my services on cloud but since I got a
       | 1G/1G home network and I found businesses decommissioning
       | hardware and deals on local charity shops which source hardware
       | from the landfill and give profits to charity missions, I decided
       | to give it a go and try administering my own phisical servers.
       | Currently running proxmox on 2 machines with one NAS and 14
       | spinning disks, with some Minecraft servers, personal programming
       | projects, vulnerability scanners, telegram bots, VPSes for
       | friends, android and MacOS building VMs, storage, some ML school
       | projects with the recently added 1050ti, and hosting the
       | infrastructure for my school CTF competition.
       | 
       | (Italy btw)
        
         | daniel-s wrote:
         | This is the really cool thing about the internet. When
         | otherwise would these 2 16 year olds have found each other?
         | 
         | They would otherwise have had to go to the same high school.
        
         | midasuni wrote:
         | Who pays the electric bill? Sounds like it's in the 50-100USD a
         | month range for those two servers.
        
           | shishcat wrote:
           | 60EUR a month (tplink smart plug, calculated on the cost per
           | kwh and other taxes). I try to pay most of it myself with
           | money from side projects
        
             | burnished wrote:
             | Good on you and all but I wanted to note that its weird how
             | persistently people are focusing on the powerbill. It is a
             | drop in the bucket for many households monthly bills and
             | very cheap as hobbies go. I think my mother would have
             | killed for that deal.
        
           | lnxg33k1 wrote:
           | He's a 16 years old doing a very productive activity, I'd
           | expect the parents to happily pay for it, I'd argue that if
           | someone's son is interested in learn ing and the energy bill
           | is obstacle to wait before to make kids, parents should feel
           | an obligation to fuel their kids passions
        
             | sodality2 wrote:
             | As a former 16-year old, very grateful for my parents for
             | doing exactly this to support my passions :)
        
             | jorvi wrote:
             | At EUR60 a month, that is EUR720 a year.
             | 
             | OP indicated elsewhere here that they're trying to cover
             | some of the costs with side projects, but EUR720 anually is
             | a big bill to foot for less affluent parents.
        
               | burnished wrote:
               | Eh, power bill is the best one for an increase to appear
               | on, way more wiggle room before anything important is
               | shut off.
               | 
               | Plus if we're talking about being poor it has two
               | important benefits 1) excellent hours occupied to dollar
               | spent ratio 2) engrossing hobbies typically mean they
               | aren't out there rattling around stirring up trouble
               | (which can get expensive in a hurry)
        
             | xur17 wrote:
             | As a former 16 year old, I distinctively remember having to
             | negotiate to be allowed to run a computer 24/7 as a server.
             | Part of my argument was calculating the cost to run the
             | server ($10 / month for a 100 watt server at 0.10 / kwh
             | running 24/7, a rough figure I use when referencing
             | electricity costs to this day).
        
               | qup wrote:
               | I had to submit an essay to my father, at 16, about why I
               | should be allowed to use a computer more than an hour per
               | day.
               | 
               | The essay won, but my father began talking about me while
               | I was at the computer, saying I was a zombie who wasn't
               | part of the family anymore.
               | 
               | I was learning to code. I built a bunch of websites, and
               | some projects and schemes that earned me fairly serious
               | money in high school. I learned VB6, html, a little perl,
               | and php, on my own, with no mentor, and an active booing.
               | 
               | I'm not sure my dad has ever seen or visited a website
               | I've built (dozens, maybe over 100). I even have bespoke
               | code deployed right now, serving him, that he does not
               | know exists.
               | 
               | I still don't know why he tried to stand in my way all
               | the time. I often think about where I'd be if I had an
               | active supporter, like many kids have.
        
               | norir wrote:
               | I can't speak for your father of course, but I do think
               | he likely had a valid concern that he may not have
               | effectively communicated that all of this time with the
               | computer was directly at the expense of time spent with
               | the family. He may have felt hurt that you seemed to
               | prefer the company of a machine to his and the rest of
               | your family. He and you may also have very different
               | conceptions of what a successful/happy life might look
               | like. I'm not saying he's right, but from the outside I
               | can imagine why he might not have felt supportive and
               | also why you might feel resentful for the lack of
               | support.
               | 
               | Have you directly asked him why he wasn't supportive?
               | Have you been open to his perspective or just assume that
               | you're right and he's wrong? It's easy for us programmer
               | types to try and simulate the mind states of others to
               | avoid difficult conversations (speaking for myself of
               | course).
        
               | hutzlibu wrote:
               | "I still don't know why he tried to stand in my way all
               | the time"
               | 
               | Maybe he did not try to stand in your way, but was simply
               | worried:
               | 
               | "saying I was a zombie who wasn't part of the family
               | anymore."
        
               | CTDOCodebases wrote:
               | > I still don't know why he tried to stand in my way all
               | the time. I often think about where I'd be if I had an
               | active supporter, like many kids have.
               | 
               | He was probably concerned about your familiar
               | relationships. All relationships have an element of
               | reciprocity. Plus he probably just missed you.
               | 
               | In your situation it sounds like he could have benefited
               | by being a bit more curious and accepting.
               | 
               | IMHO as a parent rejecting the authencity of a child
               | cancels out all the loving things you do because then you
               | are not loving the child. You are loving an imaginary
               | version of the child that only exists in your own head.
        
           | rasse wrote:
           | It's quite normal for parents to pay for their children's
           | hobbies.
        
         | comprev wrote:
         | Your parents are probably footing a large electricity bill for
         | this running hardware unless there is a revenue stream for your
         | services? Either way, hats off to your folks for supporting
         | your interest.
        
           | shishcat wrote:
           | I know, my smart plug reports around 60EUR a month of costs.
           | Most of it comes from the massive amount of hard drives, I
           | try to pay most of it myself with money from side projects.
           | Anyway, I couldn't find rentable dedicated servers with this
           | much storage for less than 50EUR a month, the upfront costs
           | of new, energy efficient and powerful hardware is too much,
           | and I truly enjoy running these servers myself.
           | 
           | About the noise, my room has a small mechanical room and
           | that's where the servers are located, the noise can't be
           | heard from the rest of the room.
        
             | CTDOCodebases wrote:
             | IMHO it's a good way to get your parents to pay for your
             | hosting costs without having to beg :)
             | 
             | I was in a similar situation regarding storage. I ended up
             | having to upgrade the drives for fewer bigger ones but
             | there are other ways to reduce power consumption like
             | putting your storage server on a timer and turning on WoL
             | so that you can wake it up out of those hours if you need
             | to. Obviously this is not possible if you are serving files
             | to other users 24/7.
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | That is so cool! I've also been thinking of adding an old
         | graphics card somewhere to support some ML stuff too - I just
         | have to figure out how :)
        
         | arnavpraneet wrote:
         | >businesses decommissioning hardware been looking for this for
         | years but never found them in my country (India). Been a 16
         | year old with a homelab once, now older but no business
         | hardware yet
        
       | dalore wrote:
       | When I was 16 I started an ISP in my bedroom. I had an 8 port
       | octo serial cable into a computer for people to dial into, and an
       | ISDN line going out. It's how I learned linux. Setup SMTP
       | mailservers etc.
        
         | 20after4 wrote:
         | That's a pretty dope setup. I was running a web hosting company
         | at that age (and likely near the same time period? late 1990s
         | into the early 2000s). Couldn't have done the ISP thing because
         | not even ISDN was available in my area.
        
       | tonfreed wrote:
       | 16 year old me would be super jealous. Awesome work, and I hope
       | you keep flying high
        
       | tombert wrote:
       | I wasn't 16 when I discovered used rack mounted servers, but I
       | was pretty young (21 I think?).
       | 
       | I had a miserable job paying near-subsistance wages in 2012
       | (about $30,000/year, no health insurance, Dallas TX). I needed
       | something a bit more powerful than my laptop to do some
       | experiments with video encoding, but I couldn't afford a "fast"
       | computer at the time, at least not fast enough to do what I
       | wanted. It didn't help that I was particularly bad at saving
       | money until I was about 25.
       | 
       | On a whim, I went on Craigslist and just looked up different ways
       | of phrasing "fast cheap computer", and eventually stumbled upon
       | "server". Upon doing so, I found that you could buy dated, but
       | still useful rack mounted servers for basically nothing; in my
       | case a seller was selling two rack mounted Dell servers, 16 cores
       | each, 32GB of RAM, for about $250. I was just barely able to
       | swing that, so I drove over, picked it up, and more or less
       | defined the direction of my career for the next twelve years.
        
         | bluedino wrote:
         | Was there any reason you didn't use two 8-core desktops, for
         | example?
        
           | dannyw wrote:
           | 1. Good luck buying 8-core desktops for $125 ea.
           | 
           | 2. It's not easy to parallelise video rendering (not just
           | encoding) across two machines.
        
             | RecycledEle wrote:
             | How about $114 for a workstation?
             | 
             | https://www.ebay.com/sch/i.html?_from=R40&_nkw=z440+worksta
             | t... (sorry for the long URL, it was necessary)
             | 
             | https://www.amazon.com/s?k=z440+hp+workstation&s=price-
             | asc-r...
        
               | squeaky-clean wrote:
               | Well they did mention this was in 2012
        
           | tombert wrote:
           | In that particular time, I couldn't find any kind of
           | computers for cheap that had those parameters. Servers were
           | cheap and easy as long as I wore headphones and was vigilant
           | about turning them off when I wasn't using them.
        
         | jstarfish wrote:
         | Rack mount servers have hidden costs. Sitting next to what
         | sounds like a swarm of drones for one. Enterprise pricing for
         | replacement parts is the other.
         | 
         | (Dells have worked out for me ok, but not without having to
         | replace backplanes and other parts immediately.)
        
           | RecycledEle wrote:
           | Workstations are (to me, magic) computers that use server
           | processors and server RAM in kind of normal PC cases.
           | 
           | Check out HP z440 and z840 systems on eBay (fleabay?) and
           | Amazon.
        
             | organsnyder wrote:
             | All my recent additions to my homelab have been Dell
             | Poweredge SFP systems. Businesses use them for a few years
             | and then upgrading, so they're always available. I do make
             | sure to get ones that have a PCIe slot so I can add a
             | 10gbps card.
        
           | tombert wrote:
           | Counting my blessings, but I never had to replace any parts
           | on them. They used boring SATA drives, which I had a few
           | spares of even at the time.
           | 
           | The bigger issues were the noise and the heat and power
           | consumption. Not only did they take upwards of a kilowatt of
           | power each, but being Texas I also had to take into the
           | account the increased cost of air conditioning.
           | 
           | I was only bitten by that one month where my power bill was
           | like $150 more than usual, and from that point on I was
           | vigilant about turning the servers off between uses.
        
           | RuggedPineapple wrote:
           | >Sitting next to what sounds like a swarm of drones for one.
           | 
           | When I was in high school I (for reasons I can't really
           | remember) ended up being given a dual P3 rack server. I ran
           | that as my primary machine for 2 years. We called it 'the
           | Hurricane'.
        
           | teddyh wrote:
           | I stopped considering Dell servers when they started
           | _requiring_ Dell branded hard drives in their newer server
           | models.
        
           | bombcar wrote:
           | Old enterprise hardware was a godsend in college, where
           | airconditioning and power was included in room and board.
           | 
           | And since we were in the old dorms, nobody cared, even when
           | one room was running A/C in the middle of (admittedly mild)
           | winter ...
        
       | alberth wrote:
       | Raspberry Pi
       | 
       | I'm surprised no one has mentioned Raspberry Pi.
       | 
       | You get a decently powerful compute node, no noise, tiny
       | footprint, for ~$100.
       | 
       | https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/
        
         | glimshe wrote:
         | Beelinks on Amazon have better cost-benefit unless you use the
         | RPis without accessories.
        
       | Yusefmosiah wrote:
       | Great work! What's your social media platform? Curious about your
       | tech stack -- and what content/interest/community you're serving.
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | Thank you! The social media platform is a Twitter-like website
         | for my friends (roughly 3000 of them registered, but smaller
         | set of daily active users) that I started building in 2020. I
         | made it to learn new technologies, so I've rewritten parts of
         | it from scratch a few times. It's got a a SvelteKit/NuxtJS 2
         | frontend (in the middle of a long rewrite) with a seperate
         | ExpressJS API (which others have used to make their own
         | clients, like an Android app!) that's spun off of an older
         | iteration of the site where the frontend was coupled as
         | templated HTML.
         | 
         | I used MongoDB from the start, but I'm beginning to regret that
         | - It's getting hard to maintain relational consistency and
         | ensure all the data going in the DB matches the same shape as
         | the site scales. Maybe it's time to migrate to Postgres.
         | 
         | I mix up a few things from the rest of the world for my site -
         | comments are nested like Reddit/HN, and posts/comments are rich
         | text limited HTML like a blog. There's a really minimal
         | algorithm that's relatively hard to mess with: chronological
         | feed from people you follow, and a seperate Explore page with
         | top users and trending posts (based on the recent likes)
         | 
         | Profiles have seperate 'walls' from posts so they basically
         | have little comment sections for people to use.
         | 
         | The new site also has profile customization so people can
         | change the accent colour that their posts and profiles appear
         | as in other people's feeds, and there's little widgets to
         | customize profile 'Sidebars'.
         | 
         | It's nice to have a little quiet place seperate from the rest
         | of the world, with its own ecosystem of clients, tools, bots,
         | etc. (actually this year somebody made a Spotify Wrapped style
         | recap website using the API!).
        
           | danparsonson wrote:
           | I have to say, this would be an impressive set of
           | achievements for someone much older - great work and glad
           | you're obviously having so much fun with it all!
        
             | varun_ch wrote:
             | Thank you!
        
       | SunghoYahng wrote:
       | How did you acquire so much knowledge in such a short time? Can
       | you share your process with me?
        
         | danparsonson wrote:
         | Never underestimate the value of motivated experimentation.
         | 
         | 1) Set a goal (e.g. host a Minecraft server for your friends)
         | 
         | 2) Spend all your free time trying to achieve it
         | 
         | 3) Go to 1)
        
         | TrackerFF wrote:
         | It says (on his website) that he started coding at the age of
         | 7, so I guess he's had at least 9 years of mixed IT experience.
         | 
         | But learning the basics of setting up a server isn't that hard.
         | One of my first jobs involved a lot of similar work, and I had
         | never touched a server in my life - purely a coder prior to
         | that. Literally my first task was to go down to the server
         | room, install a new server, and install Ubuntu server on it,
         | and set up the server. Took me a week to get that done.
        
       | 1116574 wrote:
       | Static IPv4 is very important for getting into networking. Out of
       | my friends, one had a free semi-static IPv4 (rotated once a year
       | iirc), now he has the best paying job in devops. Another one had
       | a cheap surcharge to get it, also turned into a job after few
       | years. My other friend had (and still has) a cg-Nat, so never got
       | into any deep IT stuff, other then PC building.
       | 
       | You are very knowledgeable (for your coding and bug bounties) and
       | very lucky (for the static ip, as well as understanding parents
       | lol)!
        
         | TheFuzzball wrote:
         | 100%. When I was a similar age to OP and getting into web
         | development it was the coolest thing in the world that I could
         | map a port on my router and type in my public IP address at a
         | friend's house and the website that I wrote would appear.
         | 
         | If I did the same thing now there's a good chance I'm behind
         | CG-NAT and it won't work at all, and a 100% chance that my
         | public IP won't be the same in 2 months.
         | 
         | We've really broken the internet. Between this and the average
         | kid using a locked-down tablet the barrier to entry is higher
         | than ever.
        
           | jamespo wrote:
           | My ISP is supposed to be moving users whose contract rollover
           | to CGNAT.
           | 
           | This is why IPv6 needs to be available everywhere, including
           | on mobile.
        
           | sgerenser wrote:
           | I dunno, I don't really feel like having to use a service
           | like dyndns or one of the dozens of clones is that big of a
           | hurdle, is it? I recall using one of these services when I
           | was in college (off-campus apartment with cable internet)
           | back in the early 2000s.
        
             | petronio wrote:
             | For CG-NAT you don't actually get any inbound ports, so
             | dynamic DNS won't help you.
             | 
             | That being said, I know some ISPs over here that will block
             | standard ports inbound beyond SMTP when you're not behind
             | CG-NAT. I can imagine that leading to some who are just
             | starting giving up when they've followed all the
             | instructions to get HTTP on port 80 working and it still
             | doesn't work without explanation.
        
               | sgerenser wrote:
               | OK, fair point. Forgot about CG-NAT, but dyndns still
               | meant I was able to access stuff remotely despite not
               | having a static IP.
        
       | shooker435 wrote:
       | Let me know if you're ever interested in a paid internship,
       | Varun! Very impressive work putting this all together.
        
       | mynameisnoone wrote:
       | Congrats! At 16, I only had a 486DX2-66 with a 28.8K modem and a
       | UPS.
       | 
       | For other teenagers and teenagers-in-spirit to accomplish this
       | feat:
       | 
       | - Search for used enterprise servers on eBay. HP, Lenovo, Dell,
       | and Supermicro are the typical brands to choose from.
       | 
       | - Before purchase, find the specification docs, drivers, and
       | firmware on the specific model to be sure it's something that's
       | complete and usable, or can be completed for reasonable $$.
       | 
       | - If you plan on running XenServer or VMware ESXi to then run
       | multiple virtual machines on it, make sure the hardware is
       | compatible by checking the OS hardware compatibility list (HCL)
       | before buying it.
       | 
       | - Avoid 1U servers because they're louder than 2U+ designs due to
       | having to use shorter, smaller fans that spin very fast.
       | 
       | - Make sure the CPU is at least as fast as a computer you own, or
       | it might be a very expensive doorstop or an oversized "Raspberry
       | PI": https://www.cpubenchmark.net
       | 
       | - There is a gotcha with Dell, Lenovo, and HP servers using AMD
       | CPUs where they are vendor locked. The plus side is sometimes
       | sellers offer locked CPUs cheap enough that it makes sense.
       | 
       | - ECC RAM. Friends don't let friends drive non-ECC RAM.
       | https://cr.yp.to/hardware/ecc.html
       | 
       | - SSD. Because spinning rust is for storage, not the OS.
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20110831080738/http://buyafuckin...
       | 
       | - Try to get something with lights-out remote management (iLO or
       | iDRAC) if it's already licensed.
       | 
       | - When received, it's probably going to be dirty and have some
       | scratches. Open it up and clean it with compressed air outside.
       | 
       | - Bonus points: Convince the parental unit(s) to put a 19" patch
       | panel and half rack in the garage. :]
        
         | BeefWellington wrote:
         | All of this advice is merely nice-to-have. You can easily just
         | use an old desktop or laptop to do the same.
         | 
         | I've homelabbed for a long time and have rackmounted systems
         | full of old desktop parts, rather than buying or seeking out
         | used server hardware. It just isn't required.
         | 
         | ECC RAM? Nah. It's useful if you can find it cheap and your CPU
         | supports it but it's overstated as a problem IME.
         | 
         | I do agree you should buy 2U or even 3/4U equipment, if only so
         | you can mount much larger (and thus quieter) fans.
        
           | skydhash wrote:
           | My file server is a 2011 mac mini, I attached two HDDs (5TB
           | and 8TB) then installed services like Jellyfin and Gitea.
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | Thank you! Those are all really good tips. I heard stuff
         | similar to some of them getting started myself, and I wish I
         | heard the rest too. :)
        
       | cyberge99 wrote:
       | I started this way too, but many decades before. I wonder if OP
       | found the R720 idrac "hack" on my blog! Kudos fella, you're just
       | scratching the surface of the fun to be had. Bring a towel!
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | Thanks! I found the command here:
         | https://blog.filegarden.net/2020/10/06/reduce-the-fan-noise-...
         | 
         | Is that your blog?
        
       | rasse wrote:
       | Fantastic! I actually used your Quickz in a medical conference a
       | month ago. Thanks for building that!
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | Thank you, that's really cool. I hope it worked well!
        
       | yieldcrv wrote:
       | at university we had a dorm wide private file sharing network, it
       | stretched across all the dorms and over to a sister school as
       | well
       | 
       | I visited the top file sharer and he had a rack in his dorm room
       | too, looked just like that
       | 
       | kind of funny for 18 year olds
       | 
       | I think you will like university
        
       | miki123211 wrote:
       | Fun fact.
       | 
       | When I was a 16-year-old, it would have been significantly easier
       | for me to get a $200 home server than a $5 Digital Ocean VPS.
       | 
       | The online shopping service over here (Allegro, basically Amazon
       | and eBay all in one) is perfectly happy to do pay-on-delivery for
       | a small fee. You probably need to be 18 to sign up, but no Polish
       | person ever actually cared about such restrictions and there's no
       | age check.
       | 
       | On the other hand, cloud services require you to have a debit or
       | credit card, which you can't get without an intervention from
       | your parents if at all.
       | 
       | You can say lots of bad things about Bitcoin and crypto in
       | general, but the youth rights angle can't be overemphasized
       | enough.
        
         | parineum wrote:
         | > You can say lots of bad things about Bitcoin and crypto in
         | general, but the youth rights angle can't be overemphasized
         | enough.
         | 
         | You're not in favor of parents controlling what their kids own?
        
           | miki123211 wrote:
           | I'm in favor of kids being able to do on the internet what
           | they were already able to do in meatspace.
           | 
           | In the 80's, a kid of basically any age could go to see or
           | rent a movie, buy a book, make purchases at a store, play an
           | arcade game with their friends or throw some cash into a
           | payphone and call anybody they liked, all without their
           | parent's knowledge or permission. There were very specific
           | things that have been decided as "age inappropriate" by a
           | democratic process of law (although one that didn't include
           | the kids itself), and those very specific things (like
           | alcohol consumption or X-rated movies) were forbidden,
           | everything else was fair game.
           | 
           | In the modern age, most of those things are done online, and
           | most platforms require you to sign a contract to participate,
           | which requires you to either be 13, 16 or 18, depending on
           | platform and jurisdiction. Even if you get past that by lying
           | about your age, you still need a payment method, which you
           | can't easily get without explicit parental permission. There
           | are exceptions, some platforms support gift cards that you
           | can get over-the-counter, without any form of ID, but the
           | point still stands.
        
         | peppermint_gum wrote:
         | > You probably need to be 18 to sign up, but no Polish person
         | ever actually cared about such restrictions and there's no age
         | check.
         | 
         | You need to be 13.
         | 
         | >On the other hand, cloud services require you to have a debit
         | or credit card, which you can't get without an intervention
         | from your parents if at all.
         | 
         | With parental permission, a 13-year-old can open a free bank
         | account with a debit card that works online. It's not a new
         | thing, I had one 15 years ago.
        
           | asveikau wrote:
           | > With parental permission
           | 
           | Back in the 90s I was a minor and doing similar things, I
           | don't think I could have explained what I was doing to my
           | parents. Even if I had the funds, they wouldn't believe it
           | wasn't some scam or an illegitimate thing. I think teenagers
           | who are tinkering don't always have buy-in or understating
           | from their parents, so getting that kind of permission can be
           | tough.
           | 
           | I think I didn't have a debit card until 18. Then I got old
           | Unix boxes on eBay.
        
           | bhelkey wrote:
           | > With parental permission
           | 
           | Is the constraint the parent comment is referring to.
        
       | throwaway167 wrote:
       | Everyone's doing _when I was 16_.
       | 
       | When I was 16 I read magazines about computers I couldn't afford,
       | read Pascal code from a book that I wrote out in hand with pencil
       | as I only had 2 hours time with a classroom computer each week,
       | and almost died when getting a graphing calculator that could be
       | programmed.
        
         | spogbiper wrote:
         | God that takes me back. Spent many hours writing programs on
         | some cheap Casio and then for Christmas one year (15 or 16
         | years old) I received an HP 48s and it was a whole new world.
         | Good times.
        
         | Aromasin wrote:
         | When I was 16, I spent way too much time playing Leagues of
         | Legends. My life would be so much easier now if I started
         | practising what I do now that early!
        
         | dehrmann wrote:
         | Who's Pascal?
        
           | teddyh wrote:
           | <https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pascal_(programmi
           | ...>
        
         | geek_at wrote:
         | My dad worked for IBM in the software group but he was able to
         | get decomissioned (usually broken) Thinkpads for me to tinker
         | with.
         | 
         | This is actually how I started my MSP company in the early
         | 2000s. I was selling webspace hosted on Thinkpads with broken
         | displays running Debian Woody (and Sarge) in a ventilated book
         | shelf in my room.
         | 
         | Good times
        
           | qup wrote:
           | Woody was my first Debian, I think directly after I switched
           | from Mandrake.
           | 
           | I was...17, I think.
        
         | nwsm wrote:
         | When I was 16 I wrote games on my TI-86 in TI Basic to play
         | during school, and learned VBA to make silly desktop apps (one
         | would open a bunch of internet browsers to a youtube video of
         | mine- a montage of Call of Duty clips that I wanted more views
         | on).
        
         | MisterBastahrd wrote:
         | When I was 16 I was coasting to the State Science Fair on a
         | fishing game I'd written two years earlier. Taught myself
         | programming with the GW Basic language book. Totally worth it
         | because I got to miss most of a day of class each for the
         | county and regional fairs, and two for state.
        
       | mdip wrote:
       | I was this kid in my day. I had an extremely high-end PC that I
       | built myself (to date myself, it cost well over $6,000[0] and was
       | a home-built 486DX50 ( _right_ when they came out) maxed out
       | motherboard RAM (that _might_ have been 16MB but memory escapes
       | me), a Turtle Beach Wave Table Synth sound card, a video card
       | capable of powering a display at 1152x1024 on a 16 " CRT display.
       | I ran a multi-node BBS on two 9600, then 16.8K modems.
       | 
       | Had it not been for the experience of "tinkering" with that PC
       | and its predecessor (a ten year old 8088), I would likely have
       | never become a software developer.
       | 
       | I had the honor of building a gaming PC for a neighbor kid and
       | watched over four years as he (unbeknownst to him) became a very
       | competent geek. A few years of tweaking settings in games to eek
       | out a higher frame-rate, fighting with firmware updates, video
       | card drivers, software updates and every other bit of mayhem that
       | the words "I want to game on my PC" evoke, and you pick up a
       | wealth of knowledge "by accident".
       | 
       | I hadn't talked to the kid in four years; met up with him, again,
       | recently and I was blown away. First thing he does is pull a
       | "Flipper Zero" out of his pocket and tells me about all of the
       | crazy things he's done with it.
       | 
       | He is as capable as any systems guy I've ever talked to. He has
       | _no clue_ that he has this skill, either.
       | 
       | It was such a good experience that I opted to buy my son a decent
       | gaming laptop to graduate him from consoles. Over the last year,
       | the same thing has happened to him. This year, my daughter (she's
       | two years younger) _begged_ me to build her a desktop, so she 's
       | getting a really nice Christmas followed by a year of
       | learning/frustration. :)
       | 
       | Oh, and the fam got a Flipper Zero this year, too. Can't have the
       | neighbor kid have all the fun.
       | 
       | [0] I saved up the money to afford it by building computers for
       | other people.
        
         | fatnoah wrote:
         | > Had it not been for the experience of "tinkering" with that
         | PC and its predecessor (a ten year old 8088), I would likely
         | have never become a software developer.
         | 
         | Now that I'm 25 years into my software career, one thing that
         | absolutely blows me away is just how few software engineers in
         | my teams actually own their own computers. It's less than 50%
         | for my current team. Meanwhile, I'm the weirdo with several
         | (gaming PC, gaming laptop PC, and general purpose MBP) in
         | addition to my work laptop.
         | 
         | > It was such a good experience that I opted to buy my son a
         | decent gaming laptop to graduate him from consoles. Over the
         | last year, the same thing has happened to him
         | 
         | I went through that experience with my son as well. He's never
         | shown great interest in being taught computer stuff, but did
         | want to help with a PC build. Now, he's tech support for his
         | friends.
        
           | datadrivenangel wrote:
           | The trend of people not even owning a laptop is fascinating.
           | Smartphones are amazing devices, but how do people do that?!
        
             | jstarfish wrote:
             | Can't speak for OP, but we have a lot of people who request
             | MacBooks at work and just do their personal activity on it.
             | Saves them the $2k for the device and they don't have to
             | concern themselves with it being lost, damaged or stolen.
             | 
             | This does lead to what can only be described as an
             | acrimonious custody battle whenever we do layoffs. High
             | rates of "lost" equipment returns led to us ransomwaring
             | the things to hold their unsynced personal data hostage
             | until they return the equipment.
        
               | SoftTalker wrote:
               | > High rates of "lost" equipment returns led to us
               | ransomwaring the things to hold their unsynced personal
               | data hostage until they return the equipment.
               | 
               | Is that really worth it to get back what I would assume
               | is on average a 3 year old laptop? Do you then re-issue
               | this old, used gear to your new hires?
               | 
               | That aside, using your work equipment for personal stuff
               | (or vice-versa) is just a really dumb idea.
        
               | bombcar wrote:
               | Yeah, even if it's not official policy, we just basically
               | write-off all laptops given to staff and then give them
               | if there's a layoff.
               | 
               | In the rare case there's still a depreciable value on the
               | books there is an additional severance payment equivalent
               | to the final "value".
        
               | pprotas wrote:
               | > That aside, using your work equipment for personal
               | stuff (or vice-versa) is just a really dumb idea.
               | 
               | I see people say this all the time, but so far I have
               | never seen any convincing arguments for why I should stop
               | using my work laptop for personal use hah.
        
               | jjav wrote:
               | If you work for a company that has any kind of audits or
               | certifications or regulation compliance or such (so,
               | basically any company other than a recent tiny startup),
               | your company computer is riddled with spyware that tracks
               | every site you visit, all data in your files and buffers,
               | may have keystroke recording, remote screenshots, and on
               | an on.
               | 
               | Even companies that don't necessarily want this stuff
               | will have it forced on them by this or that auditor soon
               | enough.
               | 
               | And that's just the privacy angle.
               | 
               | If you were to work on any personal projects on that
               | company laptop now you have an intellectual property mess
               | on your hands.
        
               | fwmcbumcrumble wrote:
               | > Is that really worth it to get back what I would assume
               | is on average a 3 year old laptop? Do you then re-issue
               | this old, used gear to your new hires?
               | 
               | It depends on the device. A 3 year old M1 MBP is
               | virtually identical to an almost brand new M2 MBP.
               | There's no need to chuck an M1 MBP in the trash
               | (metaphorically and literally) just because it's "3 years
               | old".
               | 
               | Now if it's a 3 year old low end Intel machine then I'd
               | be more than happy if it went away.
        
               | jstarfish wrote:
               | It's less about the hardware itself and more about
               | recovering/accounting for the data on it.
               | 
               | If we can attest that no IP left with them and the device
               | is out of its service life, sometimes we'll let them keep
               | it out of pity. Ironically the most frequent
               | justification is recognizance that they don't own a
               | computer and can't easily look for another job.
        
               | anticorporate wrote:
               | > High rates of "lost" equipment returns led to us
               | ransomwaring the things to hold their unsynced personal
               | data hostage until they return the equipment.
               | 
               | Sorry, but that's a pretty dick thing to do to someone
               | who just got laid off, especially considering it could
               | otherwise be a write-off.
        
             | ravenstine wrote:
             | It's not like most people are programming or writing Word
             | docs on their phones. The most important thing they're
             | doing is some form of banking. The rest of the time, it's
             | just checking if things exist and sending messages to
             | people. You don't need a laptop to do those things, though
             | I personally prefer having the power of my Macbook.
        
           | LudwigNagasena wrote:
           | > just how few software engineers in my teams actually own
           | their own computers
           | 
           | That sounds fine, if there is no corporate spyware inside.
           | 
           | > Meanwhile, I'm the weirdo with several (gaming PC, gaming
           | laptop PC, and general purpose MBP) in addition to my work
           | laptop.
           | 
           | That has more to do with gaming than with software
           | engineering, doesn't it.
        
             | fatnoah wrote:
             | > That has more to do with gaming than with software
             | engineering, doesn't it.
             | 
             | I do use them for personal SW projects as well.
             | 
             | > That sounds fine,
             | 
             | Certainly, there's nothing "wrong" with that, but it does
             | lead to specific scenarios, especially in cases of layoffs,
             | where one could be in a position to not have a job or a
             | computer to use for maintaining resumes, taking virtual
             | interviews, etc. When I was laid off in 2022, there were
             | several people that were panicking about that very fact.
        
               | kredd wrote:
               | You can get a very cheap chromebook for all that if
               | there's a need. I own my laptop, but have had friends who
               | went through layoffs and just grabbed a cheap one to find
               | a new job.
               | 
               | It doesn't make sense to own a laptop unless you will
               | regularly use it. Quite a lot of people I know, just
               | don't really use one outside of their work commitments.
               | So your home hardware sits and collects dust.
        
               | fibonachos wrote:
               | I built my first computer when the "turbo" button was
               | still a thing, and have probably built dozens more (for
               | family, friends, and myself) in the ensuing three
               | decades. These days I do the bulk of my non-work
               | computing on an iPad with a Magic Keyboard, only pulling
               | out the laptop when I need Fusion 360. If I get back into
               | gaming I can see picking up a nice laptop, but for me the
               | need or desire to own a desktop has passed.
        
               | kredd wrote:
               | Pretty much the same. I know in these circles we hate the
               | fact that supermajority of people do their daily stuff on
               | their phones, but it is what it is.
        
             | granshaw wrote:
             | So what, they "get off" using their employer's laptop as
             | well?
        
           | dfxm12 wrote:
           | _Now that I 'm 25 years into my software career, one thing
           | that absolutely blows me away is just how few software
           | engineers in my teams actually own their own computers._
           | 
           | I'm 15 years into my IT career and I'm amazed at how few of
           | my colleagues seem to care about tech. They know their way
           | around our company's instance of ServiceNow, or whatever
           | their specific role demands of them, but there is very little
           | curiosity, desire & wherewithal to branch out from their
           | little space into something new.
        
             | SoftTalker wrote:
             | This is most people, at most jobs, TBH.
        
             | adversaryIdiot wrote:
             | TBF working a full time job has sucked the soul out of me.
             | The last thing I want to be doing on my free time is be on
             | more computers. I used to be a kid eager about technology
             | but now I am actually a boomer. I have a hard time using
             | smart TV's now a days.
        
             | mattlondon wrote:
             | People may have other things in their life that may mean
             | they don't have the luxury of time to spare on these sort
             | of things.
             | 
             | When I had kids _all_ of my hobbies stopped. There is no
             | time left for anything non-essential.
             | 
             | I simply no longer have the time - or frankly mental energy
             | - for curiosity. Right now I am typing this while
             | supervising bath time for a 3 year old.
        
               | passwordoops wrote:
               | If my experience is generalizable, it's going to get
               | better when the kid turns 4. By 9 I was able to go back
               | to spending real energy on hobbies, especially if I wake
               | up early enough.
               | 
               | Hang in there!
        
               | genewitch wrote:
               | Note: this seems like it only applies if you're putting
               | your children into a school. If you're homeschooling that
               | "free time" doesn't materialize. It also doesn't happen
               | if you have two children (or more) a couple of years
               | apart, as their school start and end times won't sync up
               | except a few times over the course of > decade.
               | 
               | I had a friend gently remind me that the reason he can be
               | prolific at writing music these days and i "can't seem to
               | find the time" is because i've raised 2 and currently am
               | raising a third, and if he had kids he wouldn't write
               | music either. My youngest turned 7 this year. Older two
               | are out of the house.
        
             | slily wrote:
             | I felt that way when I was fresh out of school, now I find
             | that my life is greatly improved by spending less time on
             | (or thinking about) computers outside of work and more
             | outdoors, doing some kind of physical activity.
        
             | starkparker wrote:
             | A _lot_ of IT these days, at least at software companies,
             | is more akin to retail work (inventory, rotation,
             | shipping/delivery logistics, compliance and permissions
             | management) than tech support. This also makes it an
             | attractive vector for tech/trade colleges because they can
             | directly map such experience to higher-paying, less-
             | seasonal work than retail.
             | 
             | It's still a good foot-in-the-door role for people who
             | still can't access education or job experience reqs for
             | tech, but it's also now one of the roles where you can just
             | park, work 9-5, get a better wage than retail, and not have
             | to corral shopping carts. The tech end of internal IT
             | support has moved more to SRE/ops roles.
             | 
             | Hardware company IT is marginally more interesting but it's
             | still more interested in tagging hardware than
             | understanding it.
        
             | bongodongobob wrote:
             | When I'm in concentration mode for 8+ hours a day in tech,
             | the last thing I want to do is fuck around with a
             | misbehaving home lab. I used to have a server and switches
             | and NAS and firewall etc. But got sick of troubleshooting
             | unnecessary complexity. Now I've got a NAS and a desktop.
             | My tinkering years are over and I just want things to work.
             | That shit loses it's charm over time.
        
         | kkielhofner wrote:
         | I have a similar story as many on HN do. I had been stringing
         | 10BASE2 coax around my "home lab" for years before I realized
         | people will actually pay me to play with my toys. Of course I
         | then sunk all of that money into more toys for the home lab.
         | 
         | I now have a lot of friends with kids and some of them are
         | teenagers. I've had some concern in my mind for a while now -
         | their total knowledge of tech comes down to asking for a wifi
         | password and watching prank videos (or whatever) on an app.
         | When you ask them what they want to do when they grow up they
         | say "influencer"... The most technical thing they know how to
         | do is reboot "the router" when the internet is down. The second
         | diagnostic step is to yell that the internet is down.
         | 
         | They're great kids and I'm not criticizing them but I've had
         | some concerns that there might not be anyone around to keep the
         | lights on when our generation is gone. In our day using a
         | computer and getting on the internet had huge barriers to entry
         | but that came with the benefit of an explosion in tech talent.
         | 
         | My point is it's great to hear there are still some nerdy kids
         | out there getting under the covers!
        
           | FredPret wrote:
           | People with the interest and skill to debug technical systems
           | have always been a tiny minority
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | > They're great kids and I'm not criticizing them but I've
           | had some concerns that there might not be anyone around to
           | keep the lights on when our generation is gone. In our day
           | using a computer and getting on the internet had huge
           | barriers to entry but that came with the benefit of an
           | explosion in tech talent.
           | 
           | I mean, thinking back to the '80s, I was probably one out of
           | maybe 3 kids in my entire class who even had a home computer,
           | let alone knew how to do anything more than play games.
           | 
           | Back to the '90s, many more classmates had computers, but
           | only a tiny, tiny few of us knew how to program and edit
           | CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT.
           | 
           | Back to the early 2000s, I was the only person I knew with
           | greater than a dial-up Internet connection or who knew the
           | difference between a local and public IP address.
           | 
           | 99.5% have always been laypeople, and that's OK. For every
           | 200 kids today who only know how to ask their mom for the
           | WiFi password, there's one who is setting up a home lab, and
           | that's enough for the world's tech needs in twenty years.
        
         | Aaronstotle wrote:
         | This reminds me, I lost my flipper zero and need to find it
        
         | qup wrote:
         | What cool things did he do with his Flipper Zero?
        
         | bradstewart wrote:
         | Same exact path here, just a few years later. Tried gaming on
         | my mom's Gateway, which led to building my first PC with a
         | Pentium D, which led to a hobby of constantly buying/selling
         | hardware on ebay and swapping stuff out, which led to an EE
         | degree, and here we are.
         | 
         | No video games, no PC tinkering and overlocking, no EE degree.
        
         | xu3u32 wrote:
         | how old are your kids?
        
       | awill88 wrote:
       | You're a natural but don't forget to slow down, get done with
       | school, find meaning outside of tech, and then change the world.
       | You're already on your way.
        
       | supermatt wrote:
       | How loud is it with the mod you made to the fan?
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | Much quieter, but still loud enough that I was told to move it
         | from the living room to an unused room :)
        
       | diego_sandoval wrote:
       | NAT doesn't get the hate it deserves for stopping people from
       | running their own servers.
       | 
       | I remember being being 18, making my first websites using the
       | LAMP stack and not understanding why my friends were unable to
       | access them from their homes. I knew the basic workings of the IP
       | protocol, but hadn't read about NAT, and the responses online
       | talked about "public and private IP addresses", which made no
       | sense to me -- "Aren't all IP addresses supposed to be public?
       | Isn't that how the protocol works?"
       | 
       | Even after learning about how NAT works, I had no way to work
       | around it, as my ISP blocked the router's web interface and I was
       | unable to do port forwarding.
       | 
       | I would bet that there are at least dozens of millions of people
       | that didn't pursue a career in IT because of NAT. We should ask
       | ourselves if collectively allowing NAT to be what it is was a
       | good decision in the first place.
        
         | spogbiper wrote:
         | Most ISPs I've encountered (various places in the USA) do allow
         | port forwarding or even replacing the ISPs router with one of
         | your own. I'm not sure NAT has been a massive obstacle for most
         | people interested in networking. And without NAT, we would have
         | had to use IPv6 or something even worse. That would probably
         | have turned off a lot of aspiring network engineers too.
        
           | TheFreim wrote:
           | > Most ISPs I've encountered (various places in the USA) do
           | allow port forwarding or even replacing the ISPs router with
           | one of your own.
           | 
           | In the United States my entire life I have always been able
           | to port forward when necessary, though I've only been on two
           | or maybe three providers. I also would help friends in middle
           | and high school port forward so we could connect to their
           | game servers. Many providers seem to try to make it as hard
           | as possible, attempting to lock down the interface behind a
           | web panel. This can typically be bypassed by finding the real
           | panel address locally or by getting a new router that isn't
           | locked down. Growing up it was extremely easy, my provider
           | didn't try to make it difficult, but now there is often a
           | barrier to entry for people who desire to casually tinker
           | with their network setup, which is unfortunate.
        
           | retrac wrote:
           | In some countries, NAT was implemented at the ISP level and
           | you had no public IP at all. I remember it being a consistent
           | practical barrier back in the 90s for stuff like file
           | transfers. I had a public IP but the other person didn't and
           | had no way of getting one or setting up port forwarding. Back
           | when file transfers were often done with direct connection.
        
           | organsnyder wrote:
           | We had Comcast for 17 years, and they always allowed us to
           | bring not only our own router, but our own modem. Even when
           | we rented a combined modem+firewall+AP from them, it was
           | trivial (and documented) to put it into bridge mode.
           | 
           | We just switched to Metronet last month (5gbps symmetrical!),
           | and while we have to pay $10/month to get a public static IP
           | (CGNAT otherwise), they didn't care what was connected to the
           | ONT, which operates below the IP layer.
        
         | jve wrote:
         | NAT was/is a great for blocking incoming connections by
         | default. A lesson I learnt when I found in early Windows XP
         | days that my files are gone and a .txt note was left on my C:
         | disk...
        
           | throwup238 wrote:
           | Remember when connecting an unpatched system to the internet
           | would get it infected by the Blaster worm within the day?
           | 
           | I 'member.
        
           | organsnyder wrote:
           | A non-NAT firewall can have the same default rules.
        
         | k_bx wrote:
         | Tailscale solves this problem as is beginner-friendly, highly
         | recommended.
        
           | Cpoll wrote:
           | How would you set this up? You'd still need a box with a
           | public IP to proxy the traffic, no? (Unless you get all your
           | friends to install Tailscale so that they can access your
           | private network).
        
             | peoplefromibiza wrote:
             | it/s called exit nodes in Tailscale
        
               | Cpoll wrote:
               | I don't think that would work? Exit nodes proxy traffic
               | from the Tailscale network to the internet, not the other
               | way around. Kind of like a consumer VPN.
               | 
               | The other reply mentions Funnel, which I think fits the
               | use case better.
        
             | maybe_pablo wrote:
             | If you want to expose a single web service you can do it
             | via tailscale funnel[1] easily.
             | 
             | [1] https://tailscale.com/blog/reintroducing-serve-funnel
        
         | epcoa wrote:
         | I'm confused, are you complaining about ISP CGNAT or NAT in
         | general? Did your ISP assign you a public IPv4 or not? If the
         | former then you are lucky, that is a relative luxury.
         | 
         | > Even after learning about how NAT works, I had no way to work
         | around it, as my ISP blocked the router's web interface and I
         | was unable to do port forwarding.
         | 
         | Well this is Hacker News, you replace the router with your own.
         | 
         | I have yet to encounter a residential wireline ISP in the US or
         | Europe where using your own router is not a possibility. Even
         | those that implemented 802.1x or similar I have been able to
         | either deal with directly or work around. Not saying there
         | don't exist counterexamples but I would assume using an
         | alternative router +/- MITM the old one would have been viable.
         | 
         | Of course if the ISP was firewalling (likely) then you have a
         | different problem.
         | 
         | This isn't really a NAT issue. More of a specific ISP policy
         | issue. (NAT and ipv4 have nothing to do with it, they can just
         | as easily port block inbound 80/443 on ipv6.)
         | 
         | The argument boils down to: My ISP locked down the admin page
         | on my rented router ergo NAT is evil. It's not terribly
         | sensible.
        
           | dehrmann wrote:
           | > Did your ISP assign you a public IPv4 or not? If the former
           | then you are lucky, that is a relative luxury.
           | 
           | At least until the 10G fiber upgrade happens, Sonic has given
           | me a _static_ IPv4 address for a decade.
        
             | epcoa wrote:
             | Sure. I still remember when I could order additional static
             | IPs on residential cable internet.
             | 
             | That doesn't mean most getting online today in Asia or
             | Africa basically have a choice other than CGNAT IPv4 and
             | IPv6 from their ISP. Your own _dynamically_ assigned IPv4
             | is a relative luxury.
        
             | sosborn wrote:
             | Do they guarantee it is static?
             | 
             | My current IP hasn't changed in years but I need to pony up
             | if I want them to guarantee it forever.
        
               | josephcsible wrote:
               | Are you running any servers? I can't find it now, but I
               | remember reading somewhere once that ISPs force IP
               | changes more often on residential users that they detect
               | are running servers.
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | I've been running a web server for the last year or so,
               | and I still have the same IP from Comcast that I've had
               | for years. When I was a teenager I also ran servers and
               | had a stable IP for years. Ostensibly they say you're not
               | allowed to run servers, but I'm guessing they'd only care
               | if you're constantly using a significant chunk of your
               | bandwidth.
        
               | dehrmann wrote:
               | > Do they guarantee it is static?
               | 
               | Yes, but it's only for grandfathered DSL.
               | 
               | https://help.sonic.com/hc/en-
               | us/articles/360009880293-Static...
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | As a data point, the ISP I'm personally using here in
             | Australia (Launtel, highly recommended) has static IPs as
             | an option.
             | 
             | It's not the default choice (most people don't need one),
             | but people that do need a static IP can get one.
        
           | sunshinekitty wrote:
           | This is my take as well, we would not have any ip space if
           | every machine had a public ipv4 address - this is kind of a
           | silly argument to make, nat's provide a ton of usefulness.
           | 
           | As a kid I didn't get it either but would port forward, run a
           | vpn server, reverse proxy, and so on. It was a good learning
           | experience trying to get my friends to install vpn clients!
        
             | tenebrisalietum wrote:
             | > nat's provide a ton of usefulness
             | 
             | ... to companies like IPXO that are trying to acquire,
             | rent, and treat IPv4 addresses like speculative real
             | estate.
        
             | ndriscoll wrote:
             | > we would not have any ip space if every machine had a
             | public ipv4 address
             | 
             | Right, but then ISPs and hosting providers would have to
             | have supported ipv6 10 years ago (or even earlier) when we
             | ran out. Customers were already demanding multiple devices
             | on their wifi 20 years ago, and without NAT, ipv6 would
             | have been necessary.
             | 
             | With NAT, you can't do p2p or self hosting. Without it, you
             | couldn't use centralized services either.
        
         | libraryatnight wrote:
         | I remember joining an IRC FTP share channel when I was a kid,
         | and wanting to share some of my files to get ratio to download
         | some music and anime they had, and it was my first time
         | attempting to setup an FTP and I thought i was all good to go
         | and dropped my info in the channel and about 3 seconds later a
         | bunch of people were lol'ing at my internal IP.
         | 
         | They were cool though and everybody was helpful, learned a lot
         | that night. IRC was so awesome in the 90s.
        
         | technothrasher wrote:
         | I had the advantage of being 18 when the internet was still
         | pretty open and I had all the access I needed through my
         | university. I even remember finding a list of root passwords to
         | various machines at Standford lying in one of the computer
         | labs. No idea how it got there. But I tested one with a quick
         | rlogin and it worked fine. Oops. I emailed them to let them
         | know and got basically a <shrug> in reply. Those days certainly
         | were easier for a kid who was learning networking, but they
         | couldn't last with more and more people getting connected and
         | making it more tempting for bad actors to fool around.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | > I had the advantage of being 18 when the internet was still
           | pretty open
           | 
           | There is no doubt that is an extreme advantage. When I
           | started college in the late 90s an upperclassman was in my
           | dorm for a party and saw a trophy i had from a USFirst
           | robotics competition in HS, he invited me to join an
           | organization he was in that built autonomous robots (we
           | called them "vehicles") for a competition. In that lab, we
           | had network drops and static IPs on the schools inet
           | connection. The lab's admin knew the DNS guys and so we could
           | run whatever we wanted on a fast internet connection with
           | access to our own hostnames. At this time Linux, Apache, PHP
           | and MySQL were just starting to take off. That lab and inet
           | opportunity convinced me to change my major to CS and
           | kickstarted my whole career.
           | 
           | edit: that "lab" was really just an unused room in a random
           | building with some desks and hand tools like screwdrivers and
           | stuff to work on our robots. ..but it had rj45 plugs :)
        
             | xattt wrote:
             | It wasn't as hard back then to sift the chaff from the
             | grain. You were either a computer nerd or you were part of
             | the unwashed masses.
             | 
             | If you showed any interest in computing, other geeks would
             | take you with open arms (mostly) versus now where everyone
             | and their dog wants in on the ground floor.
        
         | j45 wrote:
         | Nat provides safer networking for the same masses who can't
         | understand it
         | 
         | Depending on the year this was it was a pretty easy Google to
         | learn to traverse nat, and use dynamic dns, or do port
         | forwarding, even out to a Linode
        
           | jrmg wrote:
           | If we didn't have NAT ISPs would provide a router with a
           | firewall that was just as safe.
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | ISPs do provide routers with firewalls, for this very
             | reason of course. You still need to open ports to actually
             | reach the service you're hosting, only now you don't need
             | to figure out what your actual IP is.
        
         | granshaw wrote:
         | Can't upvote this enough. It breaks the original spirit of the
         | internet and is lazy "security" with a huge negative
         | externality
        
           | radiojosh wrote:
           | How exactly does it break the spirit of the Internet? The
           | spirit of the Internet is that we run out of IPv4 addresses
           | and everyone who uses the Internet has to learn IPv6 and be
           | an expert on firewalls?
           | 
           | I can't tell if you're being elitist because your defacto
           | position is that everyone who uses the Internet has to be a
           | cyber security expert, or if you're just being obtuse because
           | a couple of Google searches will usually set you straight on
           | setting up port forwarding through your router.
        
             | jeroenhd wrote:
             | You don't need to be a firewall expert to use a firewall.
             | Stateful firewalls have been around for longer than I can
             | remember. The default for any consumer firewall is "disable
             | by default", as they should be.
             | 
             | Now with NAT we need to be disable UPnP, and deal with "NAT
             | types" on gaming consoles. Or Nintendo Switches breaking
             | your LAN because Nintendo tells you to put your switch into
             | the DMZ: https://en-americas-
             | support.nintendo.com/app/answers/detail/...
             | 
             | Because of NAT, we now need to deal with firewalls _and_
             | port forwarding. Plus, because of
             | https://www.armis.com/research/nat-slipstreaming-v2-0/,
             | your IPv4 firewall is practically disabled _because_ of NAT
             | workarounds embedded into your router. You can pick between
             | having a firewall on IPv4 or allowing WebRTC on any of your
             | devices.
        
             | granshaw wrote:
             | Port forwarding doesn't help when your public facing ip
             | could change at anytime
        
         | crazygringo wrote:
         | I don't understand -- you can purchase your own router instead
         | of renting one from your ISP, which usually works out cheaper
         | in the end too, and port forward.
         | 
         | NAT was a necessity when it was being introduced, so I don't
         | understand the complaints. Sure it's annoying, but what was the
         | alternative?
         | 
         | I don't think anyone was dissuaded from IT because of NAT.
         | Heck, if anything, learning how to configure it might have been
         | some people's first step into learning about networking and
         | then getting into it as a career!
         | 
         | And let's not forget that NAT served as a default firewall that
         | did more than any anti-virus to protect PC's from malware.
        
           | norenh wrote:
           | > NAT was a necessity when it was being introduced, so I
           | don't understand the complaints. Sure it's annoying, but what
           | was the alternative?
           | 
           | IPv6
        
             | crazygringo wrote:
             | Nope. IPv6 _still_ isn 't supported everywhere.
             | 
             | When you're running out of addresses, you need a workable
             | solution at the moment.
             | 
             | Not something that requires all networking equipment
             | worldwide to be replaced with a new standard all at once,
             | with is a practical impossibility.
        
             | fiddlerwoaroof wrote:
             | IPv6 would have been great if it was just bigger addresses
             | but the actual system we got suffers heavily from the
             | second-system effect.
        
         | mistercheph wrote:
         | Agreed, but does the blame lie in NAT, or the endlessly
         | rainchecked IPv6 transition?
        
         | radiojosh wrote:
         | This is a terribly uninformed take.
         | 
         | ISPs charge for public IP addresses. Do you want to be charged
         | for a large enough block of public IP addresses to cover every
         | networked device in your house? Because that's what you get
         | when you don't use NAT. And if it weren't for NAT, the Internet
         | would be running out of IPv4 addresses (it already is, sort
         | of), so you'd either deal with much higher prices for IPv4
         | addresses, or you'd have to learn IPv6, which is WAY harder
         | than dealing with port forwarding through an IPv4 NAT.
         | 
         | Not to mention the premium you'd pay for a router with an
         | actual firewall, and you had better make sure you understand
         | the firewall. Port forwarding on a working router is generally
         | a lot easier than a firewall.
         | 
         | If it was really impossible to set up inbound connections to
         | your server, it was either a problem with the router or a
         | problem with your ISP.
        
           | skrebbel wrote:
           | Arguably if people had somehow rejected NAT more violently,
           | IPv6 might've been popular much sooner cause you gotta solve
           | the "woops there are now more devices than addresses" problem
           | _somehow_.
           | 
           | For the sake of running a home server from a network not
           | behind a NAT router, you don't need to understand much more
           | about IPv6 than how to copy&paste an address.
        
             | fragmede wrote:
             | The fact that my laptop right now has 10 different ipv6
             | addresses assigned to it when my ISP doesn't even support
             | ipv6, (and two ipv4 addresses) says users need to
             | understand more than copy and paste.
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | > ISPs charge for public IP addresses
           | 
           | Because NAT allows them to.
           | 
           | > Do you want to be charged for a large enough block of
           | public IP addresses to cover every networked device in your
           | house?
           | 
           | Yes.
           | 
           | > or you'd have to learn IPv6, which is WAY harder than
           | dealing with port forwarding through an IPv4 NAT.
           | 
           | Back in 2005, maybe. Now, it works out of the box, either
           | through SLAAC or DHCPv6.
           | 
           | > Not to mention the premium you'd pay for a router with an
           | actual firewall
           | 
           | In 2005, maybe. Today, $10 routers off AliExpress have a
           | firewall, probably set to "deny incoming" by default.
           | 
           | > Port forwarding on a working router is generally a lot
           | easier than a firewall.
           | 
           | I know for a fact that the routers of at least two ISPs use
           | the exact same page for port forwarding and the firewall. You
           | don't enter iptables commands, you specify a list of ports
           | that you want to be open for a specific address, except now
           | you don't need to differentiate between "source port" and
           | "destination port".
        
             | epcoa wrote:
             | >> ISPs charge for public IP addresses
             | 
             | > Because NAT allows them to.
             | 
             | NAT increases the available supply of IPv4 addresses, it
             | makes them cheaper.
             | 
             | >> Do you want to be charged for a large enough block of
             | public IP addresses to cover every networked device in your
             | house?
             | 
             | > Yes.
             | 
             | You can actually just go out and buy a block of IPv4.
             | https://auctions.ipv4.global/
        
         | Runways wrote:
         | Some might find your take bizarre, but the early architects of
         | the internet were against NAT as well. Although, in their
         | idealistic scenario IPv4 would not have held up as long as it
         | did, and probably would have hastened the introduction of IPv6
         | - not to mention the security concerns like all devices needing
         | competent firewalls. Some people just didn't like that
         | computers could be locked behind a network veil/wall.
        
         | edg5000 wrote:
         | It is shitty is that your ISP blocked NAT, that is certainly a
         | crime against humanity, as running your own server is such a
         | pure expression of freedom.
        
         | gizmo wrote:
         | NAT is an accidental consequence of IPv4 address shortage, but
         | it turned out to a blessing in disguise. NAT gives every home a
         | basic hardware firewall for free.
         | 
         | Everything, for better and worse (mostly worse) is connected to
         | the internet nowadays. Your watch. Your dishwasher. Your TV.
         | Your light switches. These devices are all comically insecure
         | but because they can't accept outside connections because of
         | NAT it's not such a big deal. IPv4 limitations make outbound
         | connectivity easy but incoming connectivity hard. This is what
         | you want 99% of the time.
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | NAT's firewall effect is purely coincidental. In fact,
           | because people don't run firewalls because of NAT, attacks
           | like NAT slipstreaming can open any port to any internal IP
           | in your network by abusing SIP ALGs and fragmentation.
           | 
           | Wherever NAT is enabled now, a statefull firewall is a better
           | solution. Thankfully, this is the default wherever IPv6 is
           | rolled out to consumers.
        
         | cm2187 wrote:
         | NAT, by virtue of also being a firewall, has actually prevented
         | millions of home machines from being powned. The world is
         | better with NAT. And I wouldn't want any modern IoT (including
         | the IoT I am not aware of in all sort of kitchen appliances) to
         | be on the WAN directly.
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | Your router comes with a firewall for this very reason. IPv6
           | is enabled on over 40% the internet connections to Google,
           | surely you don't think all of those people don't have any
           | kind of firewall on their home network?
        
             | cm2187 wrote:
             | Then if you have a firewall you have the same port
             | forwarding problems than with a NAT.
        
               | jeroenhd wrote:
               | Not really? No need to mess with destination ports, no
               | need to visit whatismyipaddress.com, no need to risk
               | exposing your entire home network through SIP ALGs, and
               | your Xbox/PlayStation doesn't tell you that you have a
               | bad "NAT type". Plus, when you forward port 1024-65535 to
               | your Nintendo Switch, as Nintendo says you need to do in
               | its documentation, the rest of your devices don't have
               | their P2P network traffic impeded.
        
               | epcoa wrote:
               | > when you forward port 1024-65535 to your Nintendo
               | Switch, as Nintendo says you need to do in its
               | documentation,
               | 
               | Nintendo is a shit company that treats their customer
               | base like bitches yet gets a tremendous steady amount of
               | good will solely due to nostalgia. I'm the last to want
               | to defend the challenges that NAT brings, but blaming it
               | due to some rando corporation's asshattery is silly.
               | Luckily, or not, their documentation is wrong, you almost
               | never have to blanket port forward all UDP ports for the
               | Switch.
               | 
               | The GP point still stands as well. If you have a firewall
               | set to block inbound by default (typical) you have the
               | same basic port-forwarding bootstrapping/configuration
               | problem. Also, the reasons you would absolutely need
               | whatismyipaddress.com or similar apply to both v4 and v6.
               | If you're configuring your router anyway you can get the
               | v4 address.
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | Without NAT, you can do hole punching. A third server can
               | coordinate two peers sending packets to each other to
               | make their firewalls each see the connection as outgoing
               | and allow traffic. With NAT, the peers don't know which
               | port they're sending on, so they can't relay that info
               | through the third party (though maybe you could have one
               | port scan the other).
               | 
               | Also, an application can use upnp to configure your
               | router/firewall to allow traffic. You could do that with
               | NAT too I suppose if ISPs allowed that, but you'd be
               | contending with other users if you wanted a specific port
               | like 80.
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | Firewalls on home routers are often of the "shit" level of
             | quality / capability though. :(
        
         | PedroBatista wrote:
         | Please see this video:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GLrfqtf4txw
         | 
         | In order to get some context and knowledge of History.
        
           | jeroenhd wrote:
           | I've seen this video, and it's an interesting deep dive into
           | the history of NAT, but it brushes aside IPv6 as an
           | "alternative solution" and doesn't pay any more attention to
           | it. Of course, that's not necessarily something to dig into
           | when the topic is NAT and not IPv6, but it's hardly a defence
           | for NAT, merely an explanation on how we got to this point.
        
         | feoren wrote:
         | > my ISP blocked the router's web interface
         | 
         | This is the weirdest thing in your story. Your ISP disallowed
         | you from configuring your router? I've never heard of such a
         | thing, and it certainly sounds ... suspicious. You should be
         | able to get to your own router without even connecting to the
         | internet. Your ISP should never even know when you're
         | connecting to your router. I commonly hit my router's admin
         | page when my internet is down to figure out whether it's my
         | computer or my external connection.
         | 
         | Why would your ISP want to hire so many extra people to nanny
         | all their customer's routers for them? Are you sure this wasn't
         | an excuse from your parents who installed parental controls on
         | it or something?
        
       | pixelmonkey wrote:
       | I sometimes wonder what got me into servers as a kid. I guess
       | part of it was that the internet and open source were new, and it
       | seemed like to be a "seed" in the network, rather than a "leech,"
       | you needed a server. Plus I had already gotten into building PCs,
       | which is to say, just assembling and disassembling cases,
       | motherboards, and parts. So maybe for my teenage brain it seemed
       | like having a server made you part of some secret internet club,
       | and used a skill I already had.
       | 
       | Around the year 1999, I was fortunate to literally have access to
       | my Mom's basement with adequate power and a dedicated DSL modem
       | with a static IP. Which was a total stroke of luck, that a small
       | Seattle ISP called Speakeasy was willing to set that up, even
       | though I was all the way in a suburb of New York. I guess I was
       | part of their "nationwide expansion plan."
       | 
       | I was 15. Once the house got this static IP and a fast enough
       | uplink (I remember it being 1.5 Mbps down and 768 Kbps up -- that
       | was enough!) ... I felt compelled to make good use of it. So I
       | would cycle through old desktop PCs and use them as servers.
       | 
       | In 2004, I was away at college but still had access to that wired
       | basement. Using some money from summer jobs and odd jobs during
       | the school year, I bought a 1U rackmount server off eBay to store
       | there as a Linux server, and this let me set up a small array of
       | hard drives in it. The static IP let me do remote development via
       | SSH as if that basement were a colo. My biggest issue is that I
       | had no monitoring for power and WAN uplink.
       | 
       | I still have a record of the specs: Intel Entry Server Platform,
       | P4 2.8Ghz, 1GB of RAM, two SATA hard disk slots, and built-in
       | dual-NIC (one 100Mbps and one 1000Mbps), which I managed to get
       | for around $600. I then managed to find two 250GB drives to put
       | in there. I ended up using that server as my web development
       | platform from 2004-2009.
       | 
       | I also remember one summer where I did remote development over
       | the LAN on that server, working from my desktop development
       | machine (also Linux) via the 1000 Mbps local LAN port, which felt
       | like living in the future. I was using sshfs and NFS and the like
       | to test code directly on the web server and turn over web app
       | releases to the client for review. This was 2005.
       | 
       | After which I eventually found cheap colo and cloud options.
       | Funny enough that static IP DSL line was in my Mom's house until
       | she sold it in 2012. Thanks for all the fish, Speakeasy!
       | 
       | p.s. there's this fascinating 2002 article still available
       | describing Speakeasy and giving a little vignette of late 1990s
       | Dotcom 1.0 history, where people who ran a popular internet cafe
       | in Seattle could fancy themselves telecom executives!
       | https://archive.seattletimes.com/archive/?date=20020703&slug...
        
       | iceflinger wrote:
       | When I was 16 I was definitely hosting services for people on a
       | monthly VPS, but it wasn't until a few years later when my cloud
       | provider imploded with 2 hours notice while I was in class and I
       | lost all my files that I started to self-host with my own
       | hardware over a VPN.
        
       | whalesalad wrote:
       | I remember going through the entire qmailrocks.org guide on a
       | PIII with 128mb of RAM (Running Fedora 1 or 2) and then saying
       | "ok, send me some emails!" and my buddy immediately crashed it
       | within like 30 seconds. We were laughing so hard.
        
       | buttocks wrote:
       | At 16, I had a 24 hour BBS running in my bedroom.
        
       | globular-toast wrote:
       | When I was 16 it took me a while to realise a "server" is just a
       | loud PC with a weird shape that isn't optimised for use in the
       | home. PCs cases are easier to work in and can fit larger
       | (quieter) fans. Rack mount is good for networking equipment once
       | you get above an 8 port switch, though.
        
       | rconti wrote:
       | This is awesome! It's like a retro version of my youth; as
       | someone 25 years older, I realize that not nearly as many people
       | are interested in homelab/self-hosting stuff now. And it's not
       | retro for retro's sake; Varun is also working on the latest tech
       | as well.
       | 
       | (also, it took me too long to realize how close their name is to
       | /var/run which made me smile when I thought of it)
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | Thanks! Never noticed /var/run. Might be an interesting idea
         | for a personal logo or something :)
        
       | palemoonale wrote:
       | Of course not; most 16-year-olds are enjoying their teenage years
       | instead. (as they should) And build social skills.
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | Haha that's totally fair - but I'm definitely still enjoying my
         | teenage years and building social skills. I work on my hobby
         | stuff in the free time I have _after_ enjoying my teenage
         | years, hanging out with my friends (and studying for school) :)
         | 
         | Thanks for the concern though.
        
           | palemoonale wrote:
           | Thanks for the reply. No concern though, i was just too nerdy
           | myself w/ computers and missed out on important teenager /
           | young adult stuff. This time never comes back! Most dorks
           | here wouldn't understand though.
        
       | jjice wrote:
       | This is great, good on this kid. Networking was a mystery to me
       | until I was like 18 so I missed out on some good years of self
       | hosting. If I could go back, I'd buy a book on basic networking
       | at 14 with some birthday money. That would be huge. I just didn't
       | even know what to search for at the time. With all the free time
       | I had in high school, this would have been a ton of fun to play
       | with.
        
       | linsomniac wrote:
       | Those Dell R720s are a pretty sweet spot. This past summer I got
       | a couple to replace some old dev/stg hardware and picked one up
       | for my home lab: $305 landed with 256GB RAM and dual CPUs, 24
       | cores, and dual power supplies. It normally runs quietly, though
       | can ramp up if under heavy use.
       | 
       | I added 8 1TB SSDs, and another 8 2TB spinning 2.5" drives. I had
       | to buy a new RAID controller because the stock one wouldn't boot
       | with all the drives in it (they are unsupported drives), and a
       | 10gig NIC. All in for around $450.
        
         | geek_at wrote:
         | how much Watt does it pull?
        
           | genewitch wrote:
           | I had an HP proliant with 4 xeons, 40 total cores (80t),
           | 192GB of ram, and 8 spindles. The 4 (four) power supplies ran
           | about 600W idle and the BTU graph went to 1500W equivalent. I
           | ran it on 240VAC on 2 supplies and it was generally around
           | 1kw/h for my usage.
           | 
           | It was electrically equivalent to a bitcoin miner.
        
           | olavgg wrote:
           | A dual socket supermicro with haswell/broadwell with only one
           | sata ssd idles around 80 waitt. Full load up to 500 watt.
        
           | linsomniac wrote:
           | One that we have in production over the last day has been
           | averaging 197 watts over the last week. So that's probably
           | the upper limit of what I'm going to see on mine for my home
           | lab use. I'll have lower use, and I have 8 7.2K discs where
           | that has 14 10K. I don't have my home machine DRAC set up
           | right now.
        
       | reactordev wrote:
       | > _"One day, I'm going to graduate and move out for university"_
       | 
       | Seems to me like University would be wasted time. You're well on
       | your way. If you can configure reverse proxies on nginx, host
       | node apps, route ssh, and keep uptime - there's a job for you
       | today...
       | 
       | Do university on the side if you really want the paper but you
       | already possess the skills to succeed. The insatiable desire to
       | learn.
       | 
       | Best of luck my friend.
        
         | laserbeam wrote:
         | > Do university on the side if you really want the paper.
         | 
         | There are other good reasons for uni, like social and
         | networking opportunities (doing a startup with like-minded
         | students, maybe exploring the uni party life, learning how
         | research is done...).
         | 
         | None of the reasons are worth going into debt for though. You
         | do indeed already have the skills needed to get a good job in
         | the field. Uni is an option for you but definitely not a
         | requirement.
         | 
         | Feel free to go for a study field which is tangential to your
         | interests (e.g. UX design, business...). Maybe you won't be
         | doing any of that for a living but it's one of the best
         | opportunities you get to learn how people you will end up
         | working with talk and think. You can certainly learn the stuff
         | you major in on your own.
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | Going to Uni for networking and social reasons (as long as
           | you aren't going into debt) is a great reason to go.
           | 
           | I was simply suggesting that one already has the skills to go
           | work and make a pretty handsome salary doing what they are
           | doing _while_ learning what they want to learn.
           | 
           | It's a whole lot easier to fund a woodworking shop when you
           | have money. It's a whole lot easier to experiment with 3D
           | printing when you have money. You see what I'm getting at.
           | It's not the ends, it's the means.
        
         | gizmo wrote:
         | You can learn the easy stuff by tinkering. It's fun! Many
         | people are smart enough to teach themselves anything. But
         | actually sitting down and doing the work is the hard part. How
         | many people are going to struggle through "Algorithms" by
         | Cormen without the external pressure of coursework and exams?
         | Almost nobody. And that's the problem. It's not that people
         | can't learn by self-study, it's that nobody wants to.
         | 
         | There is no alternative for learning to the structured
         | environment provided by a good university.
        
           | reactordev wrote:
           | I like that kind of stuff and will gladly sit through it
           | again and again until it's ingrained in my brain. Some people
           | love to learn. Teach me something or lose my attention.
           | 
           | You are right though that there's a huge difference between
           | doing something as a hobby vs as a job. If you don't have a
           | passion for it, it will feel like every other job. No matter
           | what you are doing. However, hard work and discipline are
           | good traits to start early so I'm still in the camp of "Go
           | and work and make money instead of go into debt to learn".
           | 
           | > _" There is no alternative for learning to the structured
           | environment provided by a good university."_
           | 
           | We can agree to disagree. I found the R&D lab of some of the
           | companies I worked for far surpassed what my peers were doing
           | in their labs.
        
         | Noumenon72 wrote:
         | It's too soon to lock into a career path like this. Insatiable
         | desire to learn is something that can lead to success in a
         | great many fields other than the one that helped you set up
         | your Minecraft server. OP can use college to find the field
         | where society needs them most and there are the most
         | opportunities. As "Server technician 12", they will make fast
         | money but they won't be discovered or mentored appropriate to
         | their talent.
        
       | twodave wrote:
       | When I was 16 (2001), I bought "Teach Yourself C" by Herbert
       | Schildt, a video card and a Sony Trinitron with my summer job
       | savings. I got to the end of chapter 5 where Herb starts talking
       | crazy about multi-dimensional arrays, saw the next chapter was
       | literal witchcraft and gibberish (pointers), got overwhelmed and
       | decided I was on to plan B: become a rock star. Programming was
       | just too hard. I used what I learned to program my TI-82 and
       | cheat on math exams.
       | 
       | Fast forward a couple years, and I'm in my first semester in
       | college. I had some advisor (no recollection whatsoever who it
       | was) recommend that I avoid declaring a major for a semester and
       | just take a few courses in a variety of my interests. What a life
       | saver.
       | 
       | I bought my first Java book and started digging into it. It was a
       | lot more approachable than the C book (sorry Herb!). I attended
       | the first class and realized I'd already read past the end of
       | what the class covered. That started a 15+ year journey (so far)
       | on a path I thought I'd turned away from.
       | 
       | I still play and enjoy the guitar. But I know I'll never be
       | better as a musician than I am as a technologist.
        
         | SoftTalker wrote:
         | Do you understand multidimensional arrays and pointers now?
        
           | twodave wrote:
           | Yeah, it ended up being one of those things you look at a
           | second time and wonder why it seemed so hard the first time.
           | It was a good lesson for me, though. Now when I hit something
           | particularly dense I have a lot more patience with it.
        
         | zabzonk wrote:
         | schildt's are widely recognised as being some of the very
         | worst. perhaps if you had chosen better (anyone could have
         | informed you at the time) you might have made a better start.
        
           | twodave wrote:
           | I wish that were true. As the only teenager in my rural
           | school even remotely interested in programming, the closest
           | thing I had to advice came from my dad, who didn't finish
           | college and liked to build computers as a hobby, but who
           | didn't know the first thing about programming. I spent a long
           | time trying to find a good C or C++ book at the time, and the
           | C++ book I ended up buying was so much worse than Schildt as
           | to be unmentionable.
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | I got stuck in K&R as a high school student around the part
         | where they implement malloc (I persisted through understanding
         | pointers because they were necessary for me to understand
         | linked lists, a data structure I used once in the 1980s and
         | never since).
        
           | icedchai wrote:
           | I learned C in the late 80's from K&R 2nd edition and an
           | Amiga-specific book I no longer remember exactly, back in
           | middle school. I learned sooo much from books back then and
           | just playing around on my own. There's so much more to learn
           | now, but it's also so much easier to find information...
        
             | icedchai wrote:
             | I found the other book: https://www.amazon.com/Amiga-
             | Advanced-Programmers-Abacus-Boo...
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | my college roommate freshman year (1991) had an amiga and
               | we argued about whether amigas were better than PCs. At
               | the time, his amiga definitely was better than my PC.
               | 
               | IIRC I bought a $25 C compiler,
               | http://www.mixsoftware.com/product/powerc.htm but it only
               | had a stack size of 6 function calls(!)
        
       | Beijinger wrote:
       | Windows server. This guy is a pervert.
        
       | markhahn wrote:
       | I'm sorry for his endangered hearing. Servers belong in the DC
       | where their noise isn't such a problem...
        
         | varun_ch wrote:
         | The noise levels are bearable, the constant sound is comparable
         | to the noise generated by other home appliances (although the
         | original location was not ideal). We moved it to my an unused
         | room so it's not audible anymore.
        
       | p0w3n3d wrote:
       | How much do you pay for the energy, and how thick earpads do you
       | have with these optiplexes in your room?
        
       | captainkrtek wrote:
       | This is great. Back when I was a teenager I found some ancient
       | servers on craigslist and picked them up, they ran in my bedroom
       | closet and sounded like a jet engine. Think my parents were
       | concerned
        
       | Sparkyte wrote:
       | There are so many ways to overcome ISP limitations to drive your
       | own server at home.
        
         | eathren wrote:
         | Sure, but ... he's 16.
        
         | herohamp wrote:
         | This comment is nonsensical
        
       | spacecadet wrote:
       | As others have said, I was this kid too. Go go go! Yay for
       | homelabs.
        
       | iamawacko wrote:
       | Really cool! As a 16 year old I also had servers in my room. I
       | still have them. They're towers, but they have ECC RAM, Xeon
       | processors, and lots of drives. Arch Linux is the base operating
       | system, managed by Ansible. Everything is connected together with
       | a mesh network. I have Nomad and Consul running on each server,
       | and self-hosting has been great fun.
        
       | arnaudsm wrote:
       | Now that the iPad kid generation is growing up, I fear most don't
       | even know what a file system is. The post desktop world is real.
       | 
       | Abstractions are comfortable, but they might reduce the number of
       | techie teenagers like OP in the future, and that worries me a lot
        
         | passwordoops wrote:
         | In the same we should be worried that people don't know how to
         | grow their own food, procure their own heat, or build and
         | thrive in a community. Not being snarky, I am genuinely worried
         | about that
        
           | arnaudsm wrote:
           | Great comparison, that's even more worrying. If we suddenly
           | loose fossil fuels and fertilizers, the lack of agricultural
           | skills will probably kill billions.
        
             | setr wrote:
             | Unless you're in full apocalypse mode, every man for
             | themselves, I'd expect for the most case people will learn
             | from their neighbors quickly enough -- as long as a
             | survivable subset of the population knows what they're
             | doing
             | 
             | What's going to kill billions is the lack of industrialized
             | farming productivity, but you don't expect every individual
             | to know how to resolve that
        
               | berkes wrote:
               | I doubt even the lack of industrialized farming
               | productivity will "kill billions".
               | 
               | It will certainly switch diets and most probably cause
               | hunger and malnutrition for some time. But we can support
               | billions of people, given the right diets. We cannot
               | support billions of people's mcnuggets, beef burgers or
               | cornflakes with milk. About a third of my food comes from
               | stuff I make, grow and harvest myself. I can up that, if
               | I need, but preparing, growing and harvesting are a
               | hobby, not a full-time endeavor. I'm certain I can't up
               | it to 100%. Maybe not even 50%. But some neighbor,
               | friends and family can help out (and I them) and I'm
               | certain with some ~100 people we could be self-
               | sufficient. Sober, sure. But not dead.
               | 
               | (I would die from lack of insulin within months, though.
               | TII. So I am aware of how dependent on industry and high
               | tech I am)
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | > About a third of my food comes from stuff I make, grow
               | and harvest myself.
               | 
               | 1/3rd of value or flavour is relatively easy. 1/3rd of
               | protein or calories is a lot harder.
               | 
               | Need those mechanized 2000ac farms growing corn, canola
               | or wheat to supplement the homegrown
               | tomatoes/potatoes/peppers/herbs/apples. But it's
               | impressive what can be done with a somewhat small
               | backyard in terms of value/flavour and not a lot of
               | effort.
        
               | calamari4065 wrote:
               | No, without industrial scale fertilizer production, there
               | is no way to grow enough food for our current population.
               | Natural processes simply can't fix nitrogen fast enough.
               | The main reason populations started exploding in the
               | 19-20th century was because we found a way to produce
               | nitrogen fertilizer in absurd quantities very cheaply.
               | 
               | If that link in our global industrial chain breaks, a
               | _lot_ of people will die. We can, of course, still grow
               | food, but not anywhere near as much and it will take a
               | _lot_ more care and attention to not deplete all
               | available soil in a generation or two.
               | 
               | In a hypothetical apocalyptic scenario, we might lose a
               | lot of institutional knowledge about agriculture. It's
               | not hard to imagine some average joes trying to farm the
               | wrong way and accidentally starting another Dust Bowl.
               | After all, that's how it happened the first time.
               | 
               | Feeding 8 billion people is so, so much more complicated
               | than just putting some plants in the ground. That we can
               | do it at all is an absolute miracle of technology. We
               | simply could not do it with only naturally available
               | resources. Not by a long shot.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | That concern must be about as old as agricultural societies
           | at this point. Specialization and division of labor really is
           | nothing new.
        
           | blueflow wrote:
           | If only tech was at the point where it would be as reliable
           | as your local supermarket or your house.
           | 
           | When i'll leave for family home later, i'll take my laptop
           | with me. My family is big, so the chances are high that i'll
           | need to run some ADB or photorec on a SD card. I hate it[1].
           | There is some knowledge/reliability deficit with computers
           | that houses/heatings/food aquisition dont have.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7HvtEhxINvQ
        
             | q0uaur wrote:
             | from my experience, heating has plenty of reliability
             | deficit, probably getting way worse in recent years. fancy
             | boilers with computers in them break way more often than
             | they have any right to.
        
               | brewtide wrote:
               | Agreed. Likely in the search of efficiency, which
               | oftentimes brings complexity, which then involves more
               | precision or more pieces to a puzzle, or both.
               | 
               | There is something to be said about the dead simple ways
               | of things for sure, and all depending on object/item but
               | a "sweet spot" where something is pretty darn efficient
               | yet not overly complex.
               | 
               | Our endless forwards towards "the most efficient"
               | everything always carries consequences. People / society
               | included.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | More people at least knowing and having some practice with
           | these things makes communities more antifragile.
           | 
           | At our current rate of consolidation and specialization we're
           | going to get to the point where so few people know how to do
           | particular high tech things we may be at risk of someone
           | taking those people out and leaving a massive capability hole
           | across multiple industries.
        
             | blueflow wrote:
             | > risk of someone taking those people out
             | 
             | Or just burnout, changing jobs or them leaving tech
             | alltogether. I'd argue that many companies are already
             | incapable of keeping their tech stack running as intended
             | due to knowledge deficits.
        
               | q0uaur wrote:
               | we've done it to ourselves, by embracing MASSIVE
               | complexity at every turn to get the fancy new features.
               | 
               | i keep thinking about how we don't actually need 95% of
               | the code running at my job to actually accomplish my
               | company's goals. it's insane how we just kept going with
               | the flow while features and maintenance effort exploded.
               | 
               | that said, anyone know how well the BSD's work as a
               | desktop operating system? mostly worried about hardware i
               | guess, since it's already an issue on linux from time to
               | time. but man the linux ecosystem, while wonderful,
               | suffers from massive complexity too, or at least it looks
               | more and more like it the longer i use it.
        
           | bongodongobob wrote:
           | Yeah water and sunlight is too much for anyone to comprehend.
           | Don't pretend that someone couldn't learn it in a weekend.
           | 
           | Plant seeds
           | 
           | Water
           | 
           | Sunlight
           | 
           | Pick weeds
           | 
           | Wait
        
             | BytesAndGears wrote:
             | Did you forget a /s ?
             | 
             | Growing food is much harder than that.
             | 
             | Growing a few tomatoes or something is easy. But growing
             | enough food to sustain yourself and your family is much
             | more involved and requires a lot of training and
             | experience.
             | 
             | Most people could likely do it. But it would take them 3-5
             | years of failures before they could reliably grow enough
             | food for themselves. Probably more on the scale of a whole
             | family.
        
               | bongodongobob wrote:
               | Growing food year round for your entire family is quite
               | literally impossible unless you have acres of land.
        
               | vik0 wrote:
               | Why do you think it takes that much land to feed an
               | entire (average[1]) family?
               | 
               | Besides plants, you could have animals, and get milk and
               | meat from them. Chickens for eggs and meat too.
               | 
               | It doesn't take too much land for it in my opinion. And
               | if you live in a community that does that sort of thing,
               | you could trade meat for tomatoes, and vice versa, or
               | whatever, without relying on megacorps to give you your
               | calories
               | 
               | Localism is the way
               | 
               | [1]https://www.statista.com/statistics/183648/average-
               | size-of-h...
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | My gut feeling (before searching) was that it would take
               | around 2 acres to feed a person. Searching for data, it
               | seems like estimates ranged from 1-3 acres per person,
               | meaning that feeding an entire family would quite
               | literally take acres of land.
        
               | vik0 wrote:
               | Can you link your source/s?
        
               | sokoloff wrote:
               | Here's the google search I used:
               | 
               | https://www.google.com/search?q=how+much+land+is+needed+t
               | o+f...
               | 
               | None of them I found credibly suggested less than an acre
               | per person.
        
               | vik0 wrote:
               | Alright, thanks
        
               | kefabean wrote:
               | There's a widely quoted myth that the UK's 'dig for
               | victory' campaign during WWII deemed a standard allotment
               | plot (~250m2) sufficient to feed a family of 4.
        
           | rqtwteye wrote:
           | Or how a car works. I am always surprised that a lot of young
           | people have no idea how many cylinders their car has or how
           | to do an oil change, never mind any real repair.
        
             | throwaway3090 wrote:
             | Although, maybe that's ok. My car has 0 cylinders and
             | doesn't require oil changes.
        
         | loughnane wrote:
         | My nephew, a sharp kid who started his freshman year at college
         | in September, saw me working on my computer a year ago.
         | 
         | He asked what I was doing and I said, "making a website". He
         | asked, reasonably, how do you do that?
         | 
         | Not wanting to get into details I said "it's just writing some
         | files that chrome can then read". He asked, "what's a file"?
         | 
         | I told him, but I was floored. He's not every kid, but it's had
         | me thinking about how younger folks (I'm 38) will see
         | computers.
        
           | asveikau wrote:
           | What is he studying? I feel like a lot of older people in non
           | technical fields, even if they work with files, could not
           | reason through exactly how to define a file.
        
             | loughnane wrote:
             | Went to a trade high school, the usual classes but a focus
             | on carpentry.
        
             | walteweiss wrote:
             | Everything is a file!
        
               | arcanemachiner wrote:
               | You're a file.
        
               | walteweiss wrote:
               | I'm a file. You're a file. Everything is a file!
        
             | adolph wrote:
             | What is your definition of a file?
             | 
             | Does it include bundles of files?
             | 
             | What metadata does it include?
             | 
             | Can it exist in more than one place? When a file is opened,
             | is the file what is in processor and cache/RAM or what gets
             | serialized to some persistent media?
             | 
             | Metaphorically, is a file a sheet of paper or folded tan
             | cardstock that holds many sheets of paper?
             | 
             | Is a file unitary or can it contain other files? Is a
             | directory a file? Is a link? Is a device a file?
        
               | asveikau wrote:
               | I mean, a file is an abstraction of several of the
               | choices you are asking about in these questions, and
               | different people will answer different things. ps. I've
               | worked on filesystem drivers...
        
           | rolph wrote:
           | perhaps writing the -apps, and -data, for the site, might
           | have more signifigant meaning [despite not being entirely
           | correct] relating to a mobile context.
        
           | koolba wrote:
           | Has he never copied a _file_ to a usb stick? Or emailed an
           | attachment? I don't understand how this is possible.
        
             | thanhhaimai wrote:
             | If your whole computer life is using Safari or clicking
             | apps, then yes, you might not ever see a "file".
        
             | bo1024 wrote:
             | Phone and Chromebook. Kids through highschool might never
             | see anything else. Assignments are in google drive, etc.
        
               | adolph wrote:
               | Gdrive still has a concept of files and directories. It
               | is kind of primitive in that way.
        
               | smeej wrote:
               | It does, but using it is really optional. It works
               | equally well if you leave everything in the default Drive
               | directory and use search to find whatever you need.
               | 
               | If you're not used to thinking in terms of files, it just
               | looks like a list of your most recent documents, with a
               | search bar to find anything else.
        
               | kridsdale1 wrote:
               | I just read through the circa 2010 retrospective on how
               | the Drive team tried to come up with their brand. 99% of
               | the concepts were very based on the traditional physical
               | idioms of files, mechanical hard disks, etc. iCloud was
               | released midway through the project and so then they
               | started making "cloud file" and "cloud disk" concepts. It
               | was nearly an accident they ended up with an abstract
               | shape like Chrome. But ultimately Google Drive icon has
               | stood the test of time while files and disks have faded
               | in to history.
        
             | loughnane wrote:
             | I gather most of his use was on his phone and a school-
             | issued chromebook
        
             | moritonal wrote:
             | Course they have. But to them they see it as sharing the
             | state of the app rather than saving and loading data.
        
             | wintogreen74 wrote:
             | Kids don't really use email these days, or usb sticks. They
             | share more than we ever did, but directly via apps or
             | mobile which doesn't work with "files". It seems reasonable
             | in this case the thing missing is the abstraction of a
             | "file". Think of how your phone works, you share pictures,
             | video, text, posts, etc. but never files. Sharing to email
             | is my phone's 5th or 6th priority option. It comes after a
             | boatload of social media options, messaging, online
             | storage, even some sort of AWS application I've never even
             | launched.
        
             | twothamendment wrote:
             | I can answer for my kids. Everything they do is in the
             | cloud and accessible on any device. I'm not sure they'd
             | understand why anyone would want a thumb drive.
             | 
             | As for attachments on emails, they don't (even for a 100%
             | online highschool). To turn in a paper they can just hit
             | "share" and select their teacher.
             | 
             | Files and filesystems are almost dead to them. There is a
             | little hope... My son googled to learn why a game was going
             | slow and answers indicated he should delete the temp files.
             | That was his first experience needing the file explorer.
             | 
             | As someone who grew up with DOS and turned in CS homework
             | on a floppy disk, it is almost hard to watch.
        
               | Scoundreller wrote:
               | The death of the floppy disk has been nice to watch
               | though.
        
             | MattGaiser wrote:
             | I haven't used a USB stick in years as a tech person and
             | virtually all my day to day document processing is in the
             | cloud. It wouldn't surprise me if the person in question
             | does know what a file is, but doesn't work with them enough
             | as files to really get it.
        
           | owenpalmer wrote:
           | I think your nephew is the exception, not the rule.
        
           | ace2358 wrote:
           | I'm not sure kids, especially recently born ones will 'see'
           | computers. In the same way that most people don't 'see' the
           | abundant ressources around us. Air, water taps, power, cars,
           | internet etc. These things will always have been there. Most
           | children's have a rectangle with multiple circles on it
           | pointing at them from their first hour on earth.
        
           | tetris11 wrote:
           | The concept of a file itself is pretty interesting in itself
           | though, as this buffer that lives on disk and is referenced
           | to indirectly. In Linux, everything is a file. In Emacs,
           | everything is a buffer, and then maybe a file.
        
             | Levitz wrote:
             | Sure, the concept of file itself is an abstraction.
             | 
             | It's a whole different thing to use an abstraction in order
             | to make something understandable and to just handwave
             | everything technical about it. It's not just a different
             | thing.
        
           | mavhc wrote:
           | Has he never filed paper in a filing cabinet?
           | 
           | Our abstractions are out of date.
           | 
           | I managed my own file system by writing down tape counter
           | numbers on the cardboard cover of the cassette tape.
        
           | ptek wrote:
           | A workmate (I do labouring and was doing traffic control that
           | day) brought her teenage son a PS5. I don't know why parents
           | would purchase consoles for their children as you don't learn
           | any transferable skills (I guess you could be a streamer).
           | 
           | I'm not saying being a sadist and give the kid a second hand
           | laptop with *BSD because then the kid will want nothing to do
           | with computers, especially if the laptop is cheap and doesn't
           | have a working driver support (This is where Linux is better
           | from my personal experience).
           | 
           | This is also why I like HTML, I got a free internet CD with
           | Netscape Navigator in 1996 when I was 12 and the three
           | working examples (two with Netscape Navigator and one was a
           | html email with Netscape Mail and News client) I had, I was
           | able to play around with and create and learn basic HTML
           | until I got a modem in 1998.
        
             | dpig_ wrote:
             | > I don't know why parents would purchase consoles for
             | their children as you don't learn any transferable skills
             | 
             | It's plausible that parents may just want their children to
             | enjoy some leisure? To not feel like every experience in
             | childhood should be preparation for labour?
        
               | robertlagrant wrote:
               | As a child, I was disappointed when I got a BBC B instead
               | of a Megadrive. But I definitely learned more, and some
               | of my leisure time was programming in BBC Basic.
        
               | kridsdale1 wrote:
               | Parent comment has big "alpha grindset" energy. Like they
               | hadn't considered the concept of "toys".
        
             | WWLink wrote:
             | In my own anecdotal experience, if you are a computer
             | gamer, you miss out on all the "console exclusive" stuff.
             | Stuff like Gran Tourismo or the latest Kingdom Hearts or
             | Final Fantasy or whatever. I can't really remember. Then
             | when it is a game everyone plays, it tends to be something
             | where the console gamers can't play with the PC gamers so
             | it's like
             | 
             | "Hey I just got the new counterstrike!"
             | 
             | "Oh that's awesome! I have that too! We should play
             | sometime!"
             | 
             | "Yea what's your PS5 handle?"
             | 
             | "My what?"
             | 
             | "You don't have a PS5?"
             | 
             | "Nah I have a PC"
             | 
             | and yea.....
             | 
             | That is my anecdotal experience though, and it was always
             | bolstered by the benefits of PC gaming - cheaper games,
             | ample mods, lots of sales, and the biggest game library of
             | any platform. Plus better performance. And I could text
             | chat on my keyboard while playing Quake 3 back then haha.
             | Sadly text chat in games has died off as an art, in favor
             | of voice chat and all the problems voice chat comes with.
             | lol.
             | 
             | Edit: And of course, the PC is a tool, the game console is
             | just a dumb appliance.
        
             | obmelvin wrote:
             | There are many people in tech industry who began to learn
             | about coding precisely because of video games. Age of
             | Empires II was essentially the first gateway to my career.
        
               | kridsdale1 wrote:
               | It was my gateway to a lifelong love of history and
               | cultures.
        
             | guyomes wrote:
             | > you don't learn any transferable skills
             | 
             | Actually, playing video games is an activity that let you
             | practice real-time thinking. Other activities with real-
             | time thinking include music instruments, sports and social
             | interactions. By real-time thinking, I mean an activity
             | that requires you to think and act within short timelapses.
             | It appears also that activities involving real-time
             | thinking can be quite fun, and few course in schools
             | involve real-time thinking.
             | 
             | Now, learning new languages like html or how to fine-tune
             | LLM can be quite fun. Learning how to draw nice pictures,
             | or how to write nice books can be quite fun too. It's nice
             | to let children explore different activities (or free
             | internet CD if we speak about 1996) so that they can find
             | the ones that resonate with their inner motivations.
        
           | westurner wrote:
           | K12 CS Framework only mentions "file" 4 times:
           | https://k12cs.org/wp-
           | content/uploads/2016/09/K%E2%80%9312-CS...
           | 
           | Computer file: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer_file
           | 
           | File system: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_system
        
           | jimt1234 wrote:
           | I totally relate to this, but from the exact opposite
           | perspective. I'm old-school, everything is a "file" to me.
           | It's still weird to me that modern tools have abstracted away
           | from "files" to just data. I'm not saying it's bad, it's just
           | so different than how I came up.
        
           | bfung wrote:
           | It's ok, lots of "normal" folks today don't really know what
           | a file is either. They just know it's an icon you can drag
           | around.
           | 
           | The kid at least asks questions!
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | On the other hand, single-board computers are now both more
         | capable and more affordable than ever, and arguably more open
         | than most of the WIntel PCs I cut my teeth on (at least until I
         | got my own and installed Linux on it).
        
           | arnaudsm wrote:
           | The UX of entry level laptops is terrible. Windows 11 +
           | vendor bloatware are poisoning the well, I completely get why
           | people are going iPad-only
        
             | wintogreen74 wrote:
             | except the ease and frictionless experience of iPads and
             | most phones, combined with curated ecosysmtems of apps,
             | means you never have to see how the sausage is made, or
             | learn how to make your own
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | > Abstractions are comfortable
         | 
         | No, those abstractions are _invisible_.
         | 
         | Most teenagers simply don't understand that a phone and a
         | tablet and a desktop and a laptop and a cloud server are all
         | _computers_. They don 't understand that an app and a web page
         | and that thing you install on a desktop are all _programs_.
         | 
         | As soon as you educate them such that those abstractions become
         | visible, the questions start to flow naturally.
        
         | Dolototo wrote:
         | I don't think we were ever normal.
         | 
         | The entry barrier got so much lower with learning overall.
         | 
         | Humans just don't care in avg how shit works.
        
         | baz00 wrote:
         | Yeah just teaching my 17 year old to torrent stuff. That was a
         | learning curve and a half for her. So you don't know what File
         | Explorer is?
        
         | HankB99 wrote:
         | Tomorrow I'll strike a blow for this. I got my (12 year old)
         | grandson a Pi 5 for Christmas. I plan to spend as much time as
         | he'll allow on-boarding and hopefully he'll learn the
         | fundamentals. At the very least he'll need to learn how to open
         | a terminal and launch the Docker container that runs a
         | Minecraft server. :) There are other things that are included
         | with the full RpiOS install that he can explore as well, like
         | Scratch, Mathematica and Wolfram. And a few games that I tried
         | and are absolutely horrible.
         | 
         | His father, my son, earns a pretty good living writing code
         | (and now managing a group that does this) and should be highly
         | motivated to assist with motivation.
        
         | throwaway3090 wrote:
         | https://www.theverge.com/22684730/students-file-folder-direc...
         | 
         | "Take their phones away and get 'em on Windows 98."
         | 
         | That seems unnecessarily cruel though.
        
       | mrmattyboy wrote:
       | I completely get this - got my first "server" at 11 and a ex-dc
       | "real" server at 13 from ebay after I got my first job.
       | 
       | Really glad people are still doing this! (I learned a lot from
       | getting PS5 PCs from the local dump, which now don't sell
       | electronics and now "retro" PCs are becoming more and more
       | expensive - I wasn't sure if this ability for kids to buy a cheap
       | PC and tinker (which may or may not help lead to feeling
       | comfortable moving on to running their own servers etc.)
        
         | twbarr wrote:
         | My first real "server hardware" was a Sparcstation 5 I bought
         | under a bridge at the Dallas first Saturday swap meet. I was
         | maybe... 15? Before that, it was Linux on whatever commodity PC
         | my dad had passed down to me. Running Linux on that
         | Microchannel-based PS/2 was a bitch and a half for a 5th
         | grader.
         | 
         | I had _absolutely_ no idea what I was doing, but I feel like my
         | general comfort with diving into things where I still have no
         | idea what I'm doing started then and there.
        
       | LoganDark wrote:
       | I had a server in my room at 13 :)
       | 
       | It's cause I wanted a Linux box to host Minecraft servers on,
       | that didn't take up resources on my main computer. It ended up
       | serving the purpose rather well.
        
       | gentleman11 wrote:
       | But they should. Imagine something like a Helm in every household
        
       | PeterStuer wrote:
       | Imagine the hearing damage having a server in your room would
       | bring (speaking as someone who got tinitus from a defective
       | Toshiba laptop harddrive)
        
       | timcobb wrote:
       | When I was a young teenager in the 90s, the thing that blew my
       | mind when I got my first computer was that it turned out that
       | _all computers were servers_. The computer didn't need to be in a
       | rack form factor, or expensive, or any of that. It just needed
       | Winsock, TCP/IP, and that was it! My computer was the same as any
       | other computer on the Internet.
       | 
       | So, while this post is cool, I wish there was less emphasis on
       | the hardware, which is pretty irrelevant for running a Node-base
       | app and serving it to the Internet. You also don't need a static
       | IP--you just need to figure out dynamic DNS :).
        
         | foresto wrote:
         | I _prefer_ non-server-class machines for purposes like this.
         | Modern single-board computers make very capable home servers,
         | and are far smaller, quieter, cheaper, and less power-hungry.
        
           | fwmcbumcrumble wrote:
           | Servers piss away power at idle because they're not designed
           | for low idle power consumption.
           | 
           | I personally just a regular PC desktop because I need the
           | expansion slots. But SFF PCs are amazing home servers, and
           | have more than enough power for what you actually need.
           | 
           | Also don't forget laptops. They're designed from the group up
           | to be efficient AND have a built in UPS. My home server for
           | the longest time was an old laptop with 32 gigs of ram (back
           | when that was a huge amount).
        
         | navigate8310 wrote:
         | Now, dynamic DNS is not something to worry about but CGNAT
        
           | timcobb wrote:
           | Thanks for sharing, I'd never heard of that.
           | 
           | That would be transparent for me as a subscriber, though? I
           | imagine the packets are routed to my cable modem based on
           | some other identified like a MAC?
        
             | mcfedr wrote:
             | CGNAT means you don't have an internet routable IP, so you
             | have no way of hosting something anyone can access without
             | some external proxy, such as cloudflare or tailscale
        
               | timcobb wrote:
               | Oh so it's just like home NAT, and they won't let me port
               | for ward
        
               | foresto wrote:
               | It's more complicated than that.
               | 
               | https://tailscale.com/blog/how-nat-traversal-
               | works#concernin...
        
       | kraftman wrote:
       | I really enjoyed reading this because it was so similar to how I
       | got into the field. I felt myself reading about you running
       | windows and going 'oh wait until you discover ubuntu, oh you
       | did!', reading about all the services and going 'oh wait until
       | you discover docker, oh you did!', 'nginx, oh i should tell him
       | about openresty! wait hes using it!'
       | 
       | Great job in getting so stuck in and teaching yourself so much,
       | it took me until 26 to get to where you're at now!
        
       | wintogreen74 wrote:
       | I had rack mount equipment running in my house for a while; not
       | sure how he sleeps with it in his bedroom. The best part of the
       | "cloud" was getting all those boat anchors out of my life.
        
       | a-dub wrote:
       | 1200 baud modem on an atari st at age 6, building pcs by age 9,
       | seller's permit to buy computer parts at cost at age 10,
       | turbo/borland c at age 11 (also some vb and mark williams
       | coherent, but we don't talk about that) slip and slackware at age
       | 12, dug trench for phone line and full-time bbs up at age 13,
       | first software job at 15.
        
       | usernamed7 wrote:
       | I didn't ever have servers in my room... i kept them in the
       | basement! I had a PBX running asterisk for the house landline, a
       | file server, a monitoring server, and a few sandbox boxes. All
       | old PII/PIII machines. My PBX called me (on my cisco desk phone)
       | every morning to wake me up, and made me answer some basic math
       | questions or else it called back. I sometimes forget how much i
       | was up to with technology and linux.
        
       | alexpotato wrote:
       | I bought an old rackmount server from a colleague who had in turn
       | bought a bunch in an auction.
       | 
       | I lived in New York City at the time and had to physically carry
       | the server for about 20 blocks home from the train station. The
       | entire way home I though "Man, this thing is HEAVY"
       | 
       | I then got home, plugged it in and realized it was LOUD. I though
       | "I know, I'll disconnect all the fans". Turns out even with all
       | of the fans disconnected it was still the loudest thing in the
       | apartment.
       | 
       | I ended up ditching that server and just buying a refurbished
       | small form factor HP desktop machine. That worked great, was
       | quiet and ran find until a Hurricane Sandy related power surge
       | fried it.
        
       | westurner wrote:
       | Smartphone in hand, but no Raspberry Pi experience, no server
       | anywhere
        
       | bastawhiz wrote:
       | My first "server" was my dad's old PC, which was moved to the
       | basement and given an 802.11b PCI card so that it could connect
       | to the internet. I pirated a cracked copy of Windows Server 2003
       | from eDonkey to install on it and built an ASP.Net website in VB.
       | I wanted a domain name, so I used a dynamic DNS client to set my
       | .TK domain to point at my home's IP (with port forwarding on the
       | router--running on 8080 since Verizon blocked 80), updating every
       | ten minutes.
       | 
       | I learned so much from the experience. If I was a kid today, I'm
       | not sure I'd run a server in my home, though. For as much as I
       | learned, there's far more that you can do and learn running code
       | on other people's computers. I spent so much time trying to get
       | the thing to just _run_ in the first place that I missed out on
       | learning and doing a lot of the things that having the damn thing
       | in the first place would have enabled.
       | 
       | For two years, I taught a class of high school students how to
       | make websites. We used Glitch, and I'm still consistently amazed
       | at how much you can do with very little to get started. I can
       | only wonder what I'd have created if I had what kids today have.
        
       | hateful wrote:
       | You should know that a lot of IKEA coffee tables and shelves are
       | the exact width of a equipment rack. You can buy ~$8 rails and
       | turn that table into a rack for that server. though the weight
       | may be an issue.
       | 
       | Edit: found one example: https://boingboing.net/2020/08/14/lack-
       | rack-ikeas-cheapest-t...
        
       | grimgrin wrote:
       | I love your enthusiasm, varun, and how you're chasin the things
       | that exhilarate you. uni will probably do excellent things for
       | your curiosity, best wishes
        
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