[HN Gopher] The Apollo Syndrome
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       The Apollo Syndrome
        
       Author : saikatsg
       Score  : 114 points
       Date   : 2023-12-17 06:16 UTC (16 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.teamtechnology.co.uk)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.teamtechnology.co.uk)
        
       | colordrops wrote:
       | Sounds like Apollo Team type 1 had members with insufficiently
       | "sharp, analytical minds" without high enough "mental ability",
       | otherwise they would have recognized that organizational rules,
       | behavior, and culture are very important to a team's success.
        
         | j-a-a-p wrote:
         | > The Apollo Syndrome
         | 
         | > This page describes 'The Apollo Syndrome', a phenomenon
         | discovered by Dr Meredith Belbin where teams of highly capable
         | individuals can, collectively, perform badly.
         | 
         | If I try to imagine the Apollo project then I always see a
         | group of glasses wearing (of the sixties type), white coat
         | scientists and rocket engineers.
         | 
         | In reality the Apollo team counted 400.000 people. (Yes, some
         | just made the sandwiches, but still)
         | 
         | My feeling is that The Apollo Syndrome is feeding of the same
         | nostalgia.
        
         | Anonbrit wrote:
         | Redefining words to make vague insults doesn't actually
         | progress discussion, and indeed can be a symptom of the very
         | problem we're discussing - I'm better than everyone else and so
         | their thoughts don't matter.
         | 
         | Intellectual and emotional skill development are very well
         | recognised as two different spectrums these days.
        
           | colordrops wrote:
           | Who exactly am I insulting? Regarding redefining words, I
           | assume you are referring to the ones in quotes. I am indeed
           | criticizing a subset of people that take a very narrow and
           | ill-defined measure of intellect and assume everyone fits on
           | the same buckets and has the same sort of skills. It's a
           | particular deficiency of the corpo-science class that
           | incestuously defines their strengths as "intelligence". It's
           | the sort of people that haven't matured beyond "book smart".
        
       | neonsunset wrote:
       | I had the opportunity to work with people like these.
       | 
       | The sad part is if you are highly disagreeable as well but also
       | the only person in the debate that recognizes the importance of
       | getting shit done over semantics or minute details, it will cause
       | severe burnout.
       | 
       | Don't repeat my mistake and leave early if you see no levers to
       | sway the team dynamics.
        
         | thimkerbell wrote:
         | "leave early if you see no levers to sway the team dynamics."
         | 
         | When is this not good advice? And how does ergodicity fit into
         | the reasoning? (It is attractive advice, but...?)
        
       | jensneuse wrote:
       | I was expecting misuse of GraphQL.
        
       | jongjong wrote:
       | This seems like a good study. I wonder if the difficulty of the
       | 'Apollo team' to coordinate can be boiled down to simply too much
       | ego and status-seeking. I imagine that high performers would have
       | bigger egos as they invested a lot of effort in getting to where
       | they are and this makes them stand their ground more firmly.
       | 
       | I've noticed on some projects with poor leaders and many high-ego
       | status-oriented people on the team, that sometimes people reach
       | consensus over bad ideas because those ideas represent a kind of
       | middle-ground between two large egos... But the middle-ground
       | idea might actually be worse than both ideas from which it is
       | derived.
       | 
       | I tried hard to avoid this when I was a team lead; the trick I
       | used was that I would often raise half-baked ideas and then
       | quickly admit if someone put up a counter-argument which showed
       | how it was not ideal or just plain wrong.
       | 
       | I was trying to show everyone that coming up with a bad idea
       | doesn't make you a fool and it's OK to play around with ideas and
       | that what matters is not idea creation, but idea selection.
       | 
       | You need to be really knowledgeable in your field for this
       | approach to work though because there will often be someone on
       | your team who will try to use any opportunity to make you look
       | bad and so you always have to be a few steps ahead.
       | 
       | So sometimes I might present a naive idea intentionally just to
       | spark a discussion and get people thinking and forming their own
       | ideas but, in fact, I have a much more developed idea in my mind
       | about where I think it's going to go; so maybe 90% of the time, I
       | look like I'm thinking many steps ahead.
       | 
       | Then maybe 10% of the time, it goes in a completely unexpected
       | direction and I genuinely change my mind and people are pleased
       | with themselves that they could convince me.
        
         | jjk7 wrote:
         | Sounds kinda manipulative.
        
           | therobots927 wrote:
           | How exactly is it manipulative?
        
           | dajtxx wrote:
           | I do something a bit similar, I'm usually happy to ask the
           | dumb questions to spark discussion so other people don't have
           | to.
        
       | oldesthacker wrote:
       | How new is this insight? The failure of teams of highly capable
       | individuals is often due to egocentric silver-haired gorillas in
       | the room:
       | 
       | >They spent excessive time in abortive or destructive debate,
       | trying to persuade other team members to adopt their own view,
       | and demonstrating a flair for spotting weaknesses in others'
       | arguments. This led to the discussion equivalent of 'the deadly
       | embrace'. They had difficulties in their decision making, with
       | little coherence in the decisions reached (several pressing and
       | necessary jobs were often omitted). Team members tended to act
       | along their own favourite lines without taking account of what
       | fellow members were doing, and the team proved difficult to
       | manage. In some instances, teams recognised what was happening
       | but over compensated - they avoided confrontation, which equally
       | led to problems in decision making.
        
         | OhThatGuy wrote:
         | As a silver haired person I really appreciate the comment about
         | us. It is always nice to generalize an entire group of people
         | and stereotype them because of the way they look. Great idea.
        
           | InCityDreams wrote:
           | Oh no, even we old(er) people are catching 'offence'.
        
           | brabel wrote:
           | I understood that to be a reference to actual gorillas:
           | 
           | > They tend to live in troops, with the leader being called a
           | silverback.
           | 
           | Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorilla
        
             | oldesthacker wrote:
             | Thanks! Of course, the silverbacks! No offense.
        
         | munch117 wrote:
         | > How new is this insight?
         | 
         | 1981.
        
       | CipherThrowaway wrote:
       | >he reported some unexpectedly poor results
       | 
       | The results are only unexpectedly poor if you assume individual
       | ability directly composes into team ability. I think this was a
       | common assumption in the 1980s, but I believe that managers
       | nowadays will not be surprised by these results.
        
         | munch117 wrote:
         | Managers won't be surprised ... if they've read the 1981 book.
         | 
         | I think most people would be surprised to find negative
         | correlation between individual ability and team ability, unless
         | they've read this book or something like it. Weak correlation,
         | perhaps, but outright negative correlation is truly surprising.
        
         | derbOac wrote:
         | Maybe although having worked in this type of environment
         | relatively recently it seems the expectation persists in some
         | places and might even be cultivated.
        
       | wallflower wrote:
       | Destin Sandlin from "Smarter Every Day" recently called out this
       | 1971 report. I just resubmitted it as it did not get attention it
       | may deserve 2 weeks ago.
       | 
       | "What made Apollo a success?"
       | 
       | https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/19720005243/downloads/19...
        
         | gonzo41 wrote:
         | The executive summary of that report should have a number of
         | dot points that should lead with. Almost unlimited money and a
         | workforce of 400K people pulling in the same direction for one
         | objective.
         | 
         | Work these days has less money, fewer people and less clear
         | direction. Half of all projects are working out what the actual
         | job is.
        
           | cubefox wrote:
           | Plus NASA has become more risk averse, which makes project
           | progress slower and likely ultimately more expensive, at
           | least compared to private space companies. However, NASA is
           | still far ahead of the other space agencies.
        
             | xavxav wrote:
             | Another key factor: NASA has no control over its funding
             | (and thus vision) it's at the mercy of congress each year
             | which makes planning and financing large projects hard.
             | They have projects and designs imposed from above
             | regardless of the scientific or engineering benefit.
        
             | sidewndr46 wrote:
             | This doesn't really align with the fact that NASA has had
             | far more manned spaceflight accidents after the Apollo
             | missions. They are more risk averse, but also have more
             | accidents?
        
               | jtc331 wrote:
               | Those can be in a deadly spiral.
               | 
               | Risk aversion doesn't actually mean you're good at
               | addressing risk; in fact it may keep you from
               | implementing changes (change is risky) that address real
               | risks.
        
             | jfengel wrote:
             | I'm good with NASA being risk averse when it comes to human
             | lives. NASA is about exploration, and space isn't going
             | anywhere. If it takes us 10 or 20 or 100 extra years it's
             | all still space.
             | 
             | Last time NASA rushed it was because of a "war", and even
             | then it was really just a vast international tantrum.
             | Nobody really "won" the space race. Somebody got a trophy
             | and someone got a participation certificate and the world
             | went on as before.
             | 
             | I am glad for the research and I would far rather nations
             | competed via engineering stunts than blowing each other up.
             | Especially when those stunts manage to produce some
             | spinoffs and some science... though any science is bound to
             | produce both.
        
               | DougEiffel wrote:
               | Sorry, I have to politely disagree.
               | 
               | Space exploration could save humanity in so many ways.
               | Nevermind the big "what if" discoveries that would impact
               | the trajectory of our entire species, we also discover
               | valuable science along the way - things that help us in
               | our every day life.
               | 
               | More importantly, the country with the most advanced
               | space agency by default has the most advanced weapons. A
               | hostile nation could pretty easily tow a small asteroid
               | toward Earth and wipe our any country they wanted. Rocket
               | technology, fuel technology, etc.
               | 
               | Correct me if I'm wrong, but the space race helped to
               | collapse the Soviet Union to some degree, didn't it?
               | 
               | Regardless of whether my last point stands, I think space
               | is incredibly important to humanity's future.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | You're confusing science fiction with reality here.
               | Attacking a country with an asteroid would be an absurdly
               | slow process without engines which are already weapons on
               | their own. It's like declaring you're going to launch a
               | full scale nuclear strike in 6 years and not a moment
               | sooner, you spend all these resources which don't help
               | you until after you've lost the war.
               | 
               | The space race had little to do with the collapse of the
               | Soviet Union, for one thing the timing is off
               | significantly. The Soviet union mostly failed due to
               | internal issues that were only tangentially related to
               | the US. Excess military spending was more a symptom than
               | an underlying cause, you can just as easily blame poor
               | manufacturing becoming an increasing issue as technology
               | advances, a culture of mismanagement etc. Corruption,
               | infighting, apathy, ethnic tensions, mismanagement, etc
               | all kept compounding until you got societal collapse.
        
           | sidewndr46 wrote:
           | Given that a current task assigned to NASA is manned flight
           | to the moon (which was accomplished decades ago) it's more
           | likely there is no direction at all. No one really doubts
           | it's possible.
           | 
           | It is as if I bought a controlling interest in Honda and told
           | them my revolutionary idea for the North American market was
           | to introduce a small car with 4 doors to appeal to budget
           | conscious buyers.
        
       | brabel wrote:
       | Look at any Working Group and see that play out in reality.
       | That's why our RFCs are so complex and of generally bad taste.
        
       | Ringz wrote:
       | Politics can be a good example of where the Apollo Syndrome might
       | manifest, but often won't because there are enough dumb and
       | unskilled politicians around.
        
         | nativeit wrote:
         | I don't think it's advocating including "dumb and unskilled"
         | people in your team, but rather speaking to the external
         | dynamics that recognized leaders in a given field tend to carry
         | with them--ie, an eagerness to showcase their prior successes
         | while claiming to have been largely/solely responsible for
         | them, while suppressing the roles played by the contributions
         | of others.
         | 
         | There exists a cohort of otherwise very capable individuals (my
         | intuition would be that it is comprised of a much larger and
         | varied population that would be difficult to identify and
         | select for) who are maybe not so driven by glory or personal
         | ambition, or who tend to share credit for their accomplishments
         | with the people and circumstances that meaningfully shaped the
         | outcome, rather than taking victory laps and draw the attention
         | to themselves.
         | 
         | There are certainly distinct traits of "leaders" that can be
         | critically valuable to a team, whether it's charisma and the
         | ability to sell an idea, or organizational skills that
         | facilitate the efficient application of resources. The point
         | this article seems to be making is that an ideal team will be
         | comprised of a relative few "leaders" with most of the members
         | being more in line with the aforementioned cohort.
         | 
         | It's essentially just an academic exploration of the old "too
         | many cooks in the kitchen" idiom.
        
       | Gupie wrote:
       | A highly intelligent jerk is still a jerk. No surprise there.
        
       | mynameisnoone wrote:
       | I worked at Meta in a dysfunctional department where this was the
       | case. There was an IC8 who refused to engage, was "too important"
       | and "too busy", and refused to concede any point, but was quick
       | to insert FUD, bikeshed on edge-cases, and shutdown discussion if
       | it distracted from them talking about their projects. Total
       | asshat. There were also several other strong (asshole)
       | personalities on my immediate team who refused to explain
       | themselves, refused to listen to others, and refused to consider
       | any one else's viewpoint. It was most a competition of who was
       | advancing their particular service and their code, while slowing
       | everyone else down by refusing to sign-off commits until round-
       | after-round of trivial revisions and delay.
        
         | guytv wrote:
         | how long did it take you to leave that team?
        
           | DoctorDabadedoo wrote:
           | Plot twist: OP was the IC8 and has now been promoted.
        
         | tempodox wrote:
         | Somehow, "Douchebag Syndrome" sounds like a much better name
         | for this than "Apollo Syndrome".
        
       | GuB-42 wrote:
       | > Apollo missions to the Moon, where scientists had to work all
       | through the night on many occasions, battling against fatigue.
       | 
       | I have seen articles saying that the Apollo missions were
       | absolutely not that. They were 9 to 5 jobs and managers made sure
       | it stayed 9 to 5. The idea was that so many things could go wrong
       | and they couldn't afford to have exhausted and overworked people
       | screwing up.
        
         | bfeist wrote:
         | Apollo historian here, it was sometimes round the clock but
         | even then most stuck to shifts. Check out Apollo 13 at
         | ApolloInRealtime.org. All Mission Control audio is in the app.
        
           | namaria wrote:
           | Also, very next sentence shows the claim is not even about
           | astronauts, but ground personnel:
           | 
           | > It is based on the (supposed) claim of someone to have
           | played a vital role in the success of NASA's Apollo missions
           | to the Moon, where scientists had to work all through the
           | night on many occasions, battling against fatigue. One person
           | claimed a vital role to the whole programme - by making the
           | coffee that kept them awake!
        
             | KineticLensman wrote:
             | > One person claimed a vital role to the whole programme
             | 
             | The whole programme of 400,000 people. Really? I sort of
             | gave up on TFA at that point. It reminds me of some pop-sci
             | report of an experiment conducted on 'monkeys' that claimed
             | to show some aspect of leadership, where an underling came
             | up with a solution. If the monkeys were any sort of chimp,
             | the underling would have got a bad beating if it seriously
             | undermined an alpha.
        
               | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
               | Did you really read the TFA? Because that exact sentence
               | is used as an example of a _false boast_ where someone
               | over-stated their importance, yet your comment appears to
               | take it literally. The full paragraph for context:
               | 
               | > The term 'Apollo Syndrome' has also been used to
               | describe the condition where someone has an overly
               | important view of their role within a team. It is based
               | on the (supposed) claim of someone to have played a vital
               | role in the success of NASA's Apollo missions to the
               | Moon, where scientists had to work all through the night
               | on many occasions, battling against fatigue. One person
               | claimed a vital role to the whole programme - by making
               | the coffee that kept them awake!
        
           | kqr wrote:
           | apolloinrealtime is a fantastic resource.
           | 
           | However, it only details the MOCR and some SSRs -- it doesn't
           | reveal much about the hundreds of engineers around the
           | country that were called in for more confusing problems.
        
       | confd wrote:
       | This web page is well done. It is informative and concise. Good
       | submission.
        
       | michaelcampbell wrote:
       | This reminds me of the experiment to get the best chickens for
       | laying; every so often they'd get rid of the chickens that didn't
       | lay as much and swap in for a new set, continually getting rid of
       | the lower X%.
       | 
       | In the end, the overall output was lower because all the "alpha
       | layers" spent more time fighting than laying.
       | 
       | As a software dev, I can't count the number of times HR/hiring
       | managers go for the 10x people, exclusively, and end up with an
       | org that just can't drive in any one direction.
        
         | kqr wrote:
         | This does actually remind me of how flight controllers were
         | simultaneously selected and trained: the sim team designed
         | scenarios that were specifically tailored to exercise some
         | controller's weak point, over and over. They were very creative
         | in how to exploit controllers' weaknesses.
         | 
         | Some controllers took their simulator failures as serious
         | lessons and improved. Others didn't stomach the constant
         | failures and dropped out of the programme. I don't know what
         | proportion of alpha chicken they got, but from what I can tell,
         | the flight controllers were really good at their jobs.
         | 
         | I've always wanted to explore adversarial simulation as a
         | training and selection method but I have yet to find an
         | occsassion that warrants it.
        
           | jjk7 wrote:
           | > "Fool me once, shame on you. Fool me ... You can't be
           | fooled again"
        
             | bandyaboot wrote:
             | That good ole folksy Tennessee/Texas/probably-Tennessee
             | wisdom.
        
             | ddalex wrote:
             | I actually admire G. W. Bush's speed of thought here...
             | most people wouldn't be able to stop before delivering, by
             | their own words, a perfectly recorded media bite of "shame
             | on me"... that would've been played non stop ever since.
             | 
             | Instead he was able to stop and deliver an iconic line that
             | is quoted ever since to make fun of him.
        
               | DFHippie wrote:
               | > I actually admire G. W. Bush's speed of thought here...
               | 
               | That's a novel interpretation of the gaffe. So you're
               | saying he repaired the expression mid utterance because
               | it was better to sound like a bumbler who couldn't
               | remember a common expression than to utter "shame on me"
               | and have people play it out of context. Maybe? If this
               | were the only instance of him mangling an expression, or
               | all the other instances could be interpreted as rescuing
               | him from a sound bite, this might be more convincing. Try
               | these:
               | 
               | > I know how hard it is for you to put food on your
               | family.
               | 
               | or
               | 
               | > Rarely is the question asked: Is our children learning?
               | 
               | There are more here:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bushism
        
               | jayd16 wrote:
               | I've heard this theory but it's always felt like
               | desperate damage control for a simple but obvious error.
        
           | atoav wrote:
           | Ideally in most jobs you want people who enjoy getting
           | better, even if it means they don't get to shine.
           | 
           | Trying hard and fucking up sucks for everyone, but if I were
           | to hire someone I'd rather have someone that can learn from
           | their/our mistakes than someone who abandons ship once the
           | grass is greener elsewhere.
        
         | earthboundkid wrote:
         | I have a friend who researches botany, and it's the same thing
         | for plants. If you only grow the "best" corn, you end up
         | selecting for corn that slurps all the nutrients away from the
         | other corn in the corn field and getting lower total yield. He
         | says that we humans should do what natural selection cannot,
         | which is to use group selection to pick the corn that is best
         | at playing well with others, not just getting ahead
         | individually.
        
       | _factor wrote:
       | I've always heard this referred to as incestuous amplification.
        
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       (page generated 2023-12-17 23:00 UTC)