[HN Gopher] Columbia and NYU Would Lose $327M in Tax Breaks Unde...
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       Columbia and NYU Would Lose $327M in Tax Breaks Under Proposal
        
       Author : haltingproblem
       Score  : 28 points
       Date   : 2023-12-10 18:58 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.nytimes.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.nytimes.com)
        
       | ChrisBland wrote:
       | At some point we do need to look at the hedge funds that have a
       | school attached as well. The endowments at some of these
       | universities is astounding.
        
         | readthenotes1 wrote:
         | I can only guess that you're downvoted by all the Princeton and
         | Yale readers here
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | No -- these _two targeted_ institutions shouldn 't be taxed when
       | other colleges and universities in the city _continue to be
       | exempt_. That 's not fair --
       | 
       | -- BUT, I think it's absolutely fair to keep tax breaks _only for
       | buildings used primarily for educational /research and related
       | activities_ (like dorm rooms and student centers and research
       | labs).
       | 
       | Because if Columbia and NYU are _investing_ in real estate as
       | part of their endowment, e.g. residential and office buildings
       | unconnected to their educational mission, then _those_ should be
       | taxed normally. And the same for any other nonprofit -- no reason
       | to single them out.
        
         | lvl102 wrote:
         | This is very true. NYU and Columbia should not be treated as
         | not-for-profit because they're not. And they also take money
         | from sovereign and let them influence research and curriculum.
         | They do not deliver the value even remotely commensurate with
         | tax savings they enjoy. Especially NYU. Only schools of value
         | at NYU is medical, law, and film. So roughly 3,000 students.
         | They enjoy billions in tax savings and not even remotely close
         | to what's returned by those 3,000 students remaining in NYC
         | after graduation.
        
           | yowzadave wrote:
           | > Only schools of value at NYU is medical, law, and film. So
           | roughly 3,000 students.
           | 
           | NYU has 26,000 undergraduate students--is this not of value?
           | Seems like a very broad brush with which to paint the largest
           | university in New York.
        
             | lvl102 wrote:
             | NYU is run like a business and for-profit. Undergraduate is
             | mediocre at best for underperforming students.
        
         | Wowfunhappy wrote:
         | > BUT, I think it's absolutely fair to keep tax breaks only for
         | buildings used primarily for educational/research and related
         | activities (like dorm rooms and student centers and research
         | labs).
         | 
         | According to
         | https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/26/nyregion/columbia-univers...
         | 
         | >> Universities, including Columbia, pay tax on properties they
         | own that are not used for educational purposes.
         | 
         | So I don't _think_ they 're able to just become tax-free real-
         | estate investors, although I don't know where the dividing line
         | is?
        
         | bell-cot wrote:
         | Um...reading the article, the proposed change would apply to
         | _all_ universities, museums, and other non-profits. (See 4th
         | paragraph.) Columbia and NYU are merely a couple click-baity
         | names, and currently  "earning" the most $$$ by taking
         | advantage of the long-running exemption.
        
           | mportela wrote:
           | That's not true (paragraph 12):
           | 
           | "The legislation would only apply to Columbia and N.Y.U. and
           | not other large private universities that own significant
           | land, such as Cornell University in Ithaca. Lawmakers said
           | that other universities would be excluded because their tax
           | breaks are far lower than those of Columbia's and N.Y.U.'s;
           | the annual real estate tax exemption threshold would be $100
           | million."
        
             | bell-cot wrote:
             | Sure sounds to me like the other institutions are only
             | "excluded" because they aren't currently making enough
             | money to qualify for the tax. Kinda like I was "excluded"
             | from itemizing deductions on my 1040 last year, due to
             | insufficient mortgage and medical expenses. But my cousin
             | Sam was not excluded. Same tax law applies to both of us.
        
               | mportela wrote:
               | Fair enough. We would need to wait and see the actual
               | piece of legislation and I assume they wouldn't single
               | out these institutions otherwise it would be too easy to
               | contest at the state supreme court.
               | 
               | Here's the text to the amendment and, for now, it's just
               | about allowing the state government to start taxing
               | private institutions of higher education (not museums nor
               | other non-profits though): https://www.nyassembly.gov/leg
               | /?default_fld=&leg_video=&bn=S...
        
       | GenerWork wrote:
       | Archive link: https://archive.is/u50OG
        
       | compiler-guy wrote:
       | I think you can make a case for targeting Columbia in particular,
       | even to the exclusion of other schools.
       | 
       | Columbia was a major beneficiary of the city's power of eminent
       | domain in the early 2000s, killing small business and other local
       | flavor in favor of their expansion and planned urban renewal,
       | which is kind of slimy already. The big arguments were that it
       | couldn't expand and maintain its status without it.
       | 
       | So now time to pay the piper. All those places used to pay
       | property taxes, now they don't.
       | 
       | "In a unanimous decision, the Court of Appeals overturned a lower
       | court ruling that barred the state from using its power of
       | eminent domain to take private property in the 17-acre expansion
       | zone west of Broadway without the property owner's consent. The
       | ruling held that the courts must give deference to the state's
       | determination that the area was "blighted" and that condemnation
       | on behalf of a university served a public purpose, two
       | requirements under the law.
       | 
       | Lee Bollinger, the president of Columbia University, said he was
       | grateful for the state's hard work in the case. "This is an
       | extremely important moment in the history of Columbia," he said.
       | "It's only fair to say that the opportunity to build a new campus
       | comes along very rarely.""
       | 
       | https://www.nytimes.com/2010/06/25/nyregion/25columbia.html
        
         | meepmorp wrote:
         | > I think you can make a case for targeting Columbia in
         | particular, even to the exclusion of other schools.
         | 
         | Said case would be a court case because such a law would be a
         | bill of attainder, which are explicitly unconstitutional.
        
           | mountain_lion wrote:
           | That's not how Bills of Attainder work. They are primarily
           | about punishments without findings of guilt. Particularly,
           | denial of civil rights without trial. Whatever the merits of
           | this case, removing a tax break is not a criminal finding,
           | and having an organization paying the same taxes as most
           | others is not a denial of civil rights.
           | 
           | "The two main criteria that the courts use to determine
           | whether legislation is a bill of attainder are (1) whether
           | "specific" individuals, groups, or entities are affected by
           | the statute, and (2) whether the legislation inflicts a
           | "punishment" on those individuals. The U.S. Supreme Court has
           | also identified three types of legislation that would fulfill
           | the "punishment" prong of the test: (1) where the burden is
           | such as has "traditionally" been found to be punitive
           | (historical test); (2) where the type and severity of burdens
           | imposed are the "functional equivalent" of punishment because
           | they cannot reasonably be said to further "non-punitive
           | legislative purposes" (functional test); and (3) where the
           | legislative record evinces a "congressional intent to punish
           | (motivational test)." ...
           | 
           | "It would appear that the identification of papers and
           | recordings under the control of a named person (the former
           | President) would meet the per se requirement. The Court in
           | Nixon, however, found that the statute was constitutional
           | despite this specificity. In Nixon, the Court found that the
           | bill failed the second prong (punishment) of the test for a
           | bill of attainder, since the act fulfilled the valid
           | regulatory purpose of preserving information which was needed
           | to prosecute Watergaterelated crimes and was of historical
           | interest.31 As part of this analysis, however, the Court even
           | questioned whether the statute in question met the
           | specificity prong of the two-part test, finding that naming
           | an individual could be "fairly and rationally understood" as
           | designating a "legitimate class of one."32 Thus, it has been
           | suggested that Nixon stands for the proposition that any
           | level of specificity is acceptable, even the naming of
           | individuals, as long as a rational, non-punitive basis for
           | the legislation can be established."
           | 
           | https://sgp.fas.org/crs/misc/R40826.pdf
           | 
           | Property taxes are not traditionally punishments. The type
           | and severity of the property taxes in this case are entirely
           | in line with taxes that most everyone else pays, and the
           | purpose here entire furthers non-punitive legislative
           | purposes.
           | 
           | Even the single class-member herewould like meet the
           | "rational, non-punitive" test.
           | 
           | There are also a mountain of very carefully crafted tax
           | breaks and subsidies designed to benefit the one particular
           | corporation that qualifies.
           | 
           | I have no idea if the above proposal is a good idea or a bad
           | one, but I would be very surprised if it qualified as a Bill
           | of Attainder.
        
       | ianbutler wrote:
       | Having gone to NYU, the institution is bloated, the quality of
       | education could be way better for many disciplines and they could
       | charge less tuition to students and still be completely fine.
       | 
       | If you look at their budget every year they have an "other" line
       | that's very big and comprises all these types of dealings. It's
       | scummy and doesn't fulfill the mission of teaching people, but it
       | sure does enrich specific people.
       | 
       | I still remember taking a course under Julian Togelius where we
       | had to translate some statement from hex or something that
       | amounted to "Columbia is better than NYU". So even the well
       | respected research professors agree on the quality of the
       | education.
       | 
       | Shout out to the various student run labs and individual
       | professors I worked with that made the experience more worthwhile
       | and who actually care to foster curious students.
       | 
       | NYU continues to have the audacity to reach out to me for
       | handouts though.
        
       | renewiltord wrote:
       | This kind of thing is really annoying. Other orgs have been able
       | to exploit this to get off the ground. I'm trying to get
       | something like Academy of Art in SF (real-estate corp protected
       | by 501c3) going and being tax free is a big advantage. I think,
       | ultimately, we'll be protected.
       | 
       | Usually you can trot someone out like "tell that to this first-
       | gen college student" and shit like that. I think SF is ripe for
       | this.
        
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       (page generated 2023-12-10 23:01 UTC)