[HN Gopher] 'Inert' ingredients in pesticides may be more toxic ...
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       'Inert' ingredients in pesticides may be more toxic to bees than
       thought
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 131 points
       Date   : 2023-12-10 17:07 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (theconversation.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (theconversation.com)
        
       | kurthr wrote:
       | The key is this:                  The "inert" label is a
       | colloquial misnomer, though. As the         U.S. Environmental
       | Protection Agency notes, inerts aren't         necessarily
       | inactive or even nontoxic. In fact, pesticide         users
       | sometimes know very little about how inerts function         in a
       | pesticide formula. That's partly because they are
       | regulated very differently than active ingredients.
        
         | constantly wrote:
         | Somewhat worse, depending on your perspective, is that inert
         | ingredients are confidential business information so while EPA
         | has a list of what inerts are in what pesticides, that list is
         | not publicly shareable. So, you as a consumer or citizen don't
         | even know what inerts are in the pesticides being used. Unless
         | the manufacturer shares them, but they don't typically, because
         | they're the proprietary information that separates Company A's
         | generic pesticide using active ingredient X (plus confidential
         | inerts) and Company B's generic pesticide using active
         | ingredient X (plus their I'm sure very different inerts).
        
         | mock-possum wrote:
         | That's a good (if frustrating) clarification - I was
         | immediately thinking, well they can't be all _that_ inert if
         | they're having an effect!
        
       | staplers wrote:
       | Why would anyone believe a "pesticide" would be anything but
       | harmful to almost all insects?
        
         | mistrial9 wrote:
         | in chemical engineering, there is a long and rigorous body of
         | science on toxic and poisonous properties. When a chemical
         | result gets close to a product, things diverge. When the
         | products are profitable in some markets, things diverge even
         | more.
         | 
         | All that means to say -- "harmful" is very well studied. The
         | design of the product on the market is not the same.
         | 
         | People have blocked or regulated all kinds of new chemical
         | products over centuries.. Product liability is a "third rail"
         | of commerce politics. There are huge incentives to bury
         | publications, news items, science studies and other things,
         | that might bring financial liability to the makers of products
         | on the market. Its a systemic property. Incentives of reward to
         | discover, produce, distribute and market products is also a
         | systemic property.
         | 
         | There are multiple serious, moving works of popular science
         | writing that do cross that third rail - Silent Spring by Rachel
         | Carson is often cited.. there are more.
        
           | staplers wrote:
           | "People lie to make money" would have been more concise.
           | 
           | Still doesn't address how adults can genuinely believe
           | pesticides wouldn't be harmful to insects.
        
             | parineum wrote:
             | So, if I can identify one pesticide that doesn't harm all
             | insects, we can answer why an adult could genuinely believe
             | that.
             | 
             | Is it your assertion that there are zero pesticides that
             | don't harm all insects?
        
         | tredre3 wrote:
         | People will believe it isn't harmful to all insects because the
         | manufacturer says it's only harmful to specific classes of
         | insects.
         | 
         | (Carefully crafted) Studies will confirm that.
         | 
         | And the government tacitly endorses the claims (by the EPA
         | approving its sale).
         | 
         | What is the customer supposed to do? Doubt everything the
         | manufacturer, scientists, and the government say? Ok, some
         | doubt is healthy. But then then what?
         | 
         | Should the customer test the chemical on all classes of insects
         | himself? And what if the effects aren't immediately obvious (as
         | is the case here)?
         | 
         | I guess you're arguing for pesticide-free farming here, which
         | is unsustainable for almost all farms.
        
           | JeffSnazz wrote:
           | > But then what?
           | 
           | Presumably you could use techniques for discouraging pests we
           | (the public) understand better. You can do this for any class
           | of substance, though this isn't always possible (e.g. good
           | luck replacing cancer medications with something over the
           | counter). We've been farming for thousands of years; it's a
           | little ridiculous to suggest there's no alternative to a
           | chemical developed in the last century.
           | 
           | Hell, just off the top of my head you can spray the plants
           | with narrowly-targeted substances that are known to be human
           | safe specifically tested against pollinators (e.g. you might
           | use capsacin to discourage mammal consumption). You could
           | also use natural predators to groom the crops. This is a
           | well-documented and ancient technique, although I'm sure it's
           | much more difficult to scale and has a lot of externalities.
           | I.e. lean _into_ the existing ecological web rather than
           | trying to make our own emaciated one which evidently isn 't
           | self sufficient. And maybe we just use too many pesticides--
           | we certainly produce far more food than we consume, even if
           | we're not great at distributing it, perhaps taking some loss
           | in the short term will prevent a catastrophic loss in the
           | long term (I know, literally unimaginable to quarterly-
           | oriented individuals).
           | 
           | Ultimately, without some known alternative there's not much
           | you can do aside from calling your representative to complain
           | that we need our agencies to be more skeptical and to mandate
           | making the production process public.
        
         | computerdork wrote:
         | Agreed. And while the articles focuses on bees, it's important
         | to know that the insect population as a whole have been
         | _severely_ hit over the past two decades (especially flying
         | insects).
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decline_in_insect_populations
         | 
         | It's shocking and really disturbing how big the decline is, and
         | there is some evidence that this decline at least partially
         | effects other parts of the ecosystem, as freshwater fish
         | populations have great declined too.
        
       | ChoGGi wrote:
       | I think someone messed up copying the title?
        
         | PaulHoule wrote:
         | Fixed
        
       | CrzyLngPwd wrote:
       | If you bathe your land in pesticides, don't be surprised to find
       | it eventually kills everything.
        
       | senderista wrote:
       | The real shocker here is that whole-pesticide testing wasn't
       | required in the first place.
        
         | zahma wrote:
         | The biggest shock is that we still put the burden of proof on
         | science to demonstrate the extent to which food chains are
         | disrupted by isolated uses of pesticides, as if habitat
         | fragmentation, global warming, land use change, pollution,
         | water table pollution and change, overpopulation, etc. doesn't
         | all tie in. We are so, so myopic.
         | 
         | It's about time the burden of proof falls on chemical companies
         | to show their products don't do such tremendous damage, instead
         | of leaving it to be discovered and reported in already
         | obliterated ecosystems.
        
       | adrr wrote:
       | Article is talking about a fungicide. Not an insecticide.
       | 
       | > The new study exposed honeybees to two treatments: the isolated
       | active ingredients in the fungicide Pristine, which is used to
       | control fungal diseases in almonds and other crops, and the whole
       | Pristine formulation, including inert ingredients. The results
       | were quite surprising: The whole formulation impaired honeybees'
       | memory, while the active ingredients alone did not.
        
         | seattle_spring wrote:
         | Title currently says "pesticide", which includes both
         | insecticides and fungicides. Did the title change from
         | "insecticide"?
        
       | calibas wrote:
       | Herbicides and pesticides are actively harmful to bees. Even if
       | chemicals in the herbicides aren't toxic to bees, you're still
       | killing off the "weeds" that the bees feed upon. When there's
       | less food and the bees have to travel further, they're more
       | susceptible to parasites and disease.
       | 
       | We can't just casually sever links in the food chain, then wonder
       | why ecosystems are collapsing.
        
       | derpiederpie wrote:
       | Its time to prosecute the Scientists & Business people who
       | privately gain from the public harm they do.
       | 
       | It's insane to me that such actors are let off the hook regarding
       | the millions or billions of damages they are liable for.
       | 
       | Frankly, I understand why China executes white collar criminals--
       | 
       | I wish more scientists responsible for developing toxic
       | chemicals, and the businesspeople who pay them-- were prosecuted
       | and handed capital sentences for their crimes against wildlife &
       | humanity.
       | 
       | Perhaps then-- by holding them responsible and making examples of
       | them-- their future ilk would be responsible actors.
        
         | parineum wrote:
         | If "Scientists & Business" develop solutions that unknowingly
         | do harm amd were approved by the FDA, who should be held
         | responsible?
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | We've seen example after example of "Scientists & Business"
           | knowing full well that their products are harmful and doing
           | everything they can to cover that fact up and prevent the
           | public from learning the truth, and even examples where the
           | FDA itself knew full well that the products are harmful and
           | yet the products are allowed to continue to be sold.
           | 
           | The entire system is broken and part of what is missing,
           | perhaps the most important part, is accountability and
           | meaningful consequences.
           | 
           | Obviously, companies who were genuinely unaware that their
           | products were harmful and who immediately recalled and ceased
           | production of those products after finding out aren't the
           | biggest problem, but they still show that the product safety
           | testing practices of both the company and the FDA are
           | inadequate.
        
             | londons_explore wrote:
             | It frustrates me when privacy prevents anyone discovering
             | about a companies bad product.
             | 
             | If a company has a list of buyers of their product, they
             | should be able to hand that to healthcare providers and
             | have those healthcare providers check medical records to
             | see if, for example, everyone who uses this brand of toilet
             | cleaner ends up getting arthritis 10 years later.
        
           | rqtwteye wrote:
           | If it's really unknowingly they shouldn't be held
           | responsible. But we have plenty of examples where companies
           | knew exactly what's going on and they covered it up for
           | decades. See lead gas or tobacco. Or the food industry who
           | pours sugar into everything. They know exactly that they are
           | generating millions of diabetics.
        
           | girvo wrote:
           | The thing is, it seems they usually _do_ know. And we don't
           | prosecute and handle that case yet. So the "unknowingly"
           | seems to be the least of our worries.
        
             | parineum wrote:
             | Do they _usually_ know or are there just a handful of very
             | high profile cases where they did?
             | 
             | It seems like everyone's go to example of this is the oil
             | industry and global warming and tobacco and cancer.
        
       | beebeepka wrote:
       | Literal poisons, designed as such, _may_ be harmful? I cannot
       | sanction stupid newspeak hogwash like this. Is it not possible to
       | openly say the truth anymore?
        
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       (page generated 2023-12-10 23:00 UTC)