[HN Gopher] Homes need to be built for better internet
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Homes need to be built for better internet
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 80 points
       Date   : 2023-12-08 16:20 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.theverge.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.theverge.com)
        
       | vlmutolo wrote:
       | The real solution is to plan for having a low-power access point
       | in every room. Maybe even hidden in the ceiling of every room.
       | 
       | Everything gets faster and more reliable when you limit
       | crosstalk. If anything, I'd want my future home to have WiFi-
       | blocking walls and access points everywhere.
        
         | HPsquared wrote:
         | What happens when you walk around the house?
        
           | eppp wrote:
           | Controllers that support roaming and handoff.
        
             | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
             | In particular, 802.11r isn't that hard to support.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | You don't even need a controller for roaming/handoff
             | (although it increases efficiency).
             | 
             | Any standards-compliant 802.11 access point will support
             | basic roaming, even across different vendors, since it can
             | be entirely client/station-driven.
        
           | s3p wrote:
           | Hope you weren't downloading a file
        
             | bdavbdav wrote:
             | It's more than fine. We have no cell signal (so WiFi
             | calling), 5 UniFi APs. You can walk around the place and
             | you wouldn't even notice a transition.
        
             | BenjiWiebe wrote:
             | If downloading a file makes your WiFi calls bad, look into
             | bufferbloat and CAKE.
        
           | gregmac wrote:
           | I have two unifi access points inside and another two outside
           | due to brick exterior walls that blocks most wifi. It
           | seamlessly switches, to the point I can be on a video call on
           | my phone and wander around without any interruptions.
        
           | bdavbdav wrote:
           | It's seamless
        
         | eimrine wrote:
         | > The real solution is to plan for having a low-power access
         | point in every room.
         | 
         | This is too expensive, how about a correct placement of a one
         | router and refusing to use a vacuum cleaner with spyware?
         | 
         | > If anything, I'd want my future home to have WiFi-blocking
         | walls
         | 
         | You have no choice since anything except some nasty plastics
         | does this, even wood according to the article.
        
           | vlmutolo wrote:
           | The most expensive Unifi in-wall AP is $170. Even if you had
           | ten of them, that's only $1700. If you're building a house,
           | that's not that expensive for making basic infrastructure
           | work well.
        
             | AuryGlenz wrote:
             | That $1700 will be somewhat outdated in 5 years, and
             | definitely outdated in 10.
        
               | wl wrote:
               | The conduit used to run the Cat6 or fiber to those APs
               | will probably still be useful in 40 years.
        
               | northrup wrote:
               | THIS! The fact that of all the things we regulate in
               | housing construction by codes, and how we're turning to
               | view the Internet as a fundamental access need, you'd
               | think we'd be more prescriptive with "in order to make
               | maintenance of this communication medium flexible and
               | future proof, all communication cables in homes should be
               | ran in conduit."
        
               | madamelic wrote:
               | Yep. When I was growing up 15 years ago, my dad wired the
               | house with Cat6. I am now a homeowner and wiring my house
               | with Cat6.
               | 
               | 10Gbps at 55m (180ft) is plenty for residential when the
               | top-end residential internet offerings cap out around
               | 1Gbps. Unless you have a buzzing internal network, you
               | are wasting your money going above Cat6/Cat6a imo.
               | 
               | Cat7 is no speed increase over Cat6, only distance and
               | cross-talk improvements. Cat8 is rated at 4x Cat6 for
               | throughput and costs 3x more than Cat6 (~$530 per 1k ft
               | vs $170 per 1k feet).
               | 
               | There's no reason to buy a Lambo if the speed limit is 35
               | mph.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | You are lucky, my first network was RG58 (coax), and my
               | second was cat-3 cable (10baseT). They didn't age well. I
               | switch to cat-5 as soon as it was an option and luckily
               | that has aged better.
        
               | madamelic wrote:
               | Indeed I am. I grew up on the cutting edge of tech for
               | sure thanks to my dad. I don't remember a time without
               | internet nor (relatively) fast internet. When I got into
               | a serious relationship, it was a culture shock to find
               | out how others lived tech-wise growing up.
               | 
               | I embarassed myself accidentally in my first apartment
               | when I was mistook an RJ11 for an RJ45 from a distance
               | when I commented to the agent about it having ethernet. I
               | knew what RJ11 were, I just forgot that ethernet wasn't a
               | normal thing to have.
               | 
               | I remember finally getting permission to touch the home
               | server rack in my sophomore year of my CS degree. That
               | was a milestone.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | Are you sure? My B+G access points still work with modern
               | equipment - they are slow, but they work (I need to get
               | them to a recycler as I don't use them). Newer standards
               | are diminishing returns - older equipment is likely to be
               | good enough far into the future just because it is
               | unlikely anything will really need faster.
        
               | OJFord wrote:
               | GP said 'outdated', not non-functional. Your 802.11b/g
               | APs _are_ outdated, like you say  'they are slow' - i.e.
               | you've become accustomed to newer faster models.
        
               | bluGill wrote:
               | True, but I'm not convinced that modern network gear will
               | become outdated. It is fast enough in general so it is
               | hard to think of why everyone should rush to wifi-next
               | anymore.
        
           | bdavbdav wrote:
           | Many countries houses have brick internal and external (ours
           | (UK) is - apart from one or two internal stud walls). How do
           | you place a router so that it hits a 4/5 bed house with brick
           | walls?
           | 
           | Airtime contention is a big thing - anything with low signal
           | takes a disproportionately large amount of airtime to carry
           | the same amount of data. You might be able to do it, but
           | everything will suffer (even things close to the AP/router).
           | 
           | We've got 4 UniFi APs inside, one outside, and there are
           | still some devices with poor antenna design that are clinging
           | on.
        
           | sand500 wrote:
           | What if we switched to higher less penetrating frequencies?
           | We are now on 6GHZ and there is even a spec for wifi over
           | 50GHz.
        
           | semi-extrinsic wrote:
           | Wood and drywall is essentially transparent for 2.4 GHz at
           | least.
           | 
           | https://www.nist.gov/publications/electromagnetic-signal-
           | att...
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | Low e windows are basically impassible force fields though.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | >This is too expensive, how about a correct placement of a
           | one router
           | 
           | Because this has it's own set of limits. Especially if you're
           | the in tech living in suburbs type that doesn't have a tiny
           | house.
           | 
           | I had Cat 6 dropped to the TVs/media devices because I don't
           | want constant streaming devices "using up all the wifi". The
           | offices where computers are have network drops too.
           | 
           | This leaves a few wifi units around the house to service
           | truly mobile things like phones and the assorted device that
           | uses wifi that doesn't make sense to network.
           | 
           | If you're going to try to fed 2+ TVs across a sizeable house
           | with a bunch of other wifi capable devices off a single wifi
           | router don't be surprised when your latency is high and or
           | your speed suck.
        
         | umeshunni wrote:
         | That was my solution when we did a remodel of our house.
         | 
         | Cat6 and PoE to each room. Unifi Dream Machine Pro in a rack in
         | the garage and Unifi In Wall APs (with ethernet out) in each
         | room.
         | 
         | They were easy enough to swap out and upgrade to Wifi 6 when
         | that launched.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | All of this is why I had high hopes for LiFi - completely
         | blocked by walls, zero crosstalk, allegedly great performance
         | within each room, and you can run it through lights that you
         | wanted to have anyways. Obviously there are trade-offs, but it
         | really did look like a great solution to a lot of these
         | problems. Unfortunately, I suspect that 1. the trade-offs
         | really didn't hurt, and 2. Wi-Fi is already utterly pervasive
         | and it's almost impossible to get a second standard that's not
         | backwards compatible to that.
        
         | sargun wrote:
         | I can't wait until 60 GHz is available en masse, and I can
         | deploy an AP in every room.
        
       | originate wrote:
       | We could re-do the supply chain for residential construction or
       | 
       | Buy existing tech that can arrive tomorrow, google: "Wi-Fi mesh".
       | Pick from a half dozen options.
        
         | azinman2 wrote:
         | Which sucks. You're constantly sharing bandwidth and operating
         | noisey links between APs. Far better to just have multiple APs
         | via Ethernet backhauls.
         | 
         | Problem is people expect to put in a single WiFi-router-modem
         | and be done. Radio doesn't work that way.
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | How exactly are you meshing through non-permeable walls?
         | 
         | And if it does work (e.g. due to access points having better
         | antennas and maybe positioning), it wastes spectrum like
         | nothing else, which exacerbates that problem in high-density
         | apartment buildings.
        
         | hughesjj wrote:
         | All I want is conduit for my Ethernet. When they're spraying up
         | every cubic centimeter of the walls with insulation and fire
         | proofing it gets super hard to maintain or run/re-run any cable
        
         | 1letterunixname wrote:
         | Google's own mesh WiFi products (under Google and Nest brands)
         | are shit. It took 8 months for the support morons to discover
         | there were _too many_ APs, with one taking all of the others
         | down without any user-visible feedback.
         | 
         | While I use Ubiquiti non-mesh now that only gets 600 Mbps max
         | even with WiFi 6e NICs, hardwired works and provides dedicated,
         | point-to-point bandwidth.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | >It took 8 months for the support morons to discover there
           | were too many APs
           | 
           | Yea, the Unifi is nice because it will show you that. In
           | theory if you're in a moderately noisy environment you can
           | setup the hub to scan once a day and move channels around to
           | maximize what you have.
           | 
           | But in your case, you need to do the opposite (which if you
           | rent you probably can't) and block as much wifi from outside
           | as possible. Everyone getting wifi units and cranking them up
           | to 100% radio transmit isn't great.
        
       | thelastgallon wrote:
       | Homes need to be built better, period.
       | 
       | (1) We need 240V outlets for EV charging (costs cents at
       | construction time, costs $3000 - $8000 later)
       | 
       | (2) We need electric panels and wiring future proofed and can
       | also seamless upgrade to solar, battery, complete electrification
       | of home with heat pump water heater and heat pump instead of a
       | separate gas furnace (fridge and AC use heat pump already),
       | induction stove.
       | 
       | (3) Home electrification should allow power intake from car,
       | eventually everyone is going to have electric cars. This will
       | serve as emergency power, no need to buy a separate gas
       | generator.
       | 
       | (4) Indoor air needs a lot of work, in addition to heat pump for
       | heating and cooling, we have to consider heat recovery, enthalpy
       | recovery, humidity, UV and most importantly particulate matter.
       | And mold prevention. Recent discussion on mold, lots of people
       | reporting problems: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38543229
       | 
       | (5) Homes can be built with solar shingles. Right now, we install
       | a roof, then we install a structure to support panels and then
       | panels. If we can just install solar shingles, it is just 1/3 of
       | materials and far more importantly 1/3 of labor and a lot less
       | than a third in time. We now have nailable solar shingles:
       | https://www.gaf.energy/timberline-solar/
       | 
       | (6) Electric utility (or the city) can lay electric and fiber at
       | the same time. Either the city or electric provider can provide
       | internet or give equal access to providers. We don't need any gas
       | connections, homes can be completely electric.
       | 
       | (7) Ongoing discussion on 48V POE for cars
       | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38557203). Wny not 48V POE
       | for most of home wiring? Most everything can be smart by default.
       | 
       | I'm sure there are a lot more, but nobody is asking for these.
       | Builders can just build these if people start asking for these as
       | standard. Its a tragedy that people buy 50+ year old homes for
       | 500K - 1 million USD, moldy, rickety, poorly insulated crap homes
       | with so many ongoing issues and will cost hundreds of thousands
       | to retrofit and make it livable.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | > We need 240V outlets for EV charging (costs cents at
         | construction time
         | 
         | I suppose that 25,000+ cents is technically cents, but that's
         | pretty far outside the ordinary use of the phrase.
        
         | hk1337 wrote:
         | > (3) Home electrification should allow power intake from car,
         | eventually everyone is going to have electric cars. This will
         | serve as emergency power, no need to buy a separate gas
         | generator.
         | 
         | That sounds good in theory and I know it's only for emergencies
         | but I don't think that's going to last that long or be that
         | beneficial. At least not right now.
         | 
         | > (6) Electric utility (or the city) can lay electric and fiber
         | at the same time. Either the city or electric provider can
         | provide internet or give equal access to providers. We don't
         | need any gas connections, homes can be completely electric.
         | 
         | Do they even get buried at the same depths? My understanding
         | was electrical lines get buried deeper than communications
         | lines.
        
           | knappe wrote:
           | >That sounds good in theory and I know it's only for
           | emergencies but I don't think that's going to last that long
           | or be that beneficial. At least not right now.
           | 
           | Having a large battery is useful in many, many ways and not
           | just for emergencies. Be it for power cost decrease,
           | emergencies or load balancing, all of these are very much
           | expected consequences of electric cars being in most
           | households.
           | 
           | A recent volts.wtf podcast guest spoke about being able to
           | run their entire house for more than a week on their Rivian
           | truck. Now imagine that in a more generalized, non emergency,
           | scenario. That opens up plenty of opportunities.
        
           | organsnyder wrote:
           | Our recent fiber installation burial was accomplished by a
           | single person with a handheld trencher. The trunkline conduit
           | near the street was buried using a boring machine, but I
           | don't think it's very deep.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | They can be at the same depth. However they often are not: if
           | there is a problem you need different training for each type
           | of cable so if they are near each other the tech needs both
           | types of training.
        
           | micromacrofoot wrote:
           | My car could power my heating system for multiple days,
           | that's better than freezing in a pinch.
        
         | Kinrany wrote:
         | > Homes can be built with solar shingles.
         | 
         | Is it important for all that to be replaceable when solar
         | technology improves?
        
         | turtlebits wrote:
         | We need simpler/smaller homes. No one really _needs_ a home
         | larger than 3k sf. For new construction, air tightness /Energy
         | efficiency should be at the top of the list. The rest are easy
         | to retrofit if the homeowner wants them.
        
           | latchkey wrote:
           | lol, i'm super happy with my 450sf condo! i'd get lost in
           | anything bigger.
        
           | psunavy03 wrote:
           | Oh, great, and now we have the comment of busybodies
           | everywhere. "You don't neeeeeeeed that!"
        
         | slily wrote:
         | I'll stick with my gas utilities, walls thicker than paper and
         | wonderful lack of anything "smart" thank you very much.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | > solar shingles
         | 
         | Aren't those less efficient than panels?
        
           | sokoloff wrote:
           | They're more efficient than asphalt shingles.
        
             | jonfw wrote:
             | they're also more efficient than drywall, but I'm not going
             | to clad my bedroom in them, because it would be a waste of
             | money.
             | 
             | Because the economics matter, we have to understand if it's
             | a better value versus asphalt + solar, or asphalt + ground
             | fixtures, or asphalt + a solar farm.
        
           | danans wrote:
           | They are less efficient at converting solar radiation to
           | electricity, but far more space efficient. PV panels can't
           | extend to the edge of roofs because of fire access code, and
           | have restricted layouts due to their geometry.
           | 
           | If the GAF nail-on PV shingles can approach or beat the price
           | of a roof + PV panels, then they will be a good solution.
           | Hopefully with their standard nail-on format, GAF shingles
           | will have similar labor cost of installation to regular
           | shingles, vs the specialized labor needed to install Tesla
           | solar tiles.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | > (1) We need 240V outlets for EV charging (costs cents at
         | construction time, costs $3000 - $8000 later)
         | 
         | Cents for an outlet vs thousands for an EVSE retrofit is
         | comparing the cost of different things.
         | 
         | The $3k-$8k isn't paying just for an outlet, but for the labor
         | required to run a suitable gauge conductor from a suitable
         | breaker to the outlet, including opening and repairing any
         | walls.
         | 
         | In new construction, it won't be as high, but it will be around
         | $1k (depending on your labor market) when you include
         | electrical design and installation labor. I know this because
         | I've done both retrofit and new construction installation of an
         | EVSE.
         | 
         | > (4) Indoor air needs a lot of work, in addition to heat pump
         | for heating and cooling, we have to consider heat recovery,
         | enthalpy recovery, humidity, UV and most importantly
         | particulate matter. And mold prevention. Recent discussion on
         | mold, lots of people reporting problems:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38543229
         | 
         | Even beyond mold, there's allergens. Since living in an air-
         | quality controlled home, my seasonal allergies have greatly
         | diminished, which directly translates to better sleep.
         | 
         | > 1 million USD, moldy, rickety, poorly insulated crap homes
         | with so many ongoing issues and will cost hundreds of thousands
         | to retrofit and make it livable.
         | 
         | There is a general problem with the real estate market that,
         | lacking regulations that require disclosure, buyers aren't
         | educated about energy/air-quality issues they might be getting
         | into, and sellers are incentivized to cover up any such issues
         | (i.e. by throwing open windows and running air filters during
         | open houses). Simply requiring a disclosure of a summary of
         | energy use over the last year (at monthly granularity) would
         | make a big difference.
        
         | minot wrote:
         | > (1) We need 240V outlets for EV charging (costs cents at
         | construction time, costs $3000 - $8000 later)
         | 
         | My understanding is that there needs to be some kind of upgrade
         | on our grid so everyone can charge their cars. This would
         | likely involve increasing its capacity to handle the additional
         | load from widespread EV charging.
         | 
         | > (2) We need electric panels and wiring future proofed and can
         | also seamless upgrade to solar, battery, complete
         | electrification of home with heat pump water heater and heat
         | pump instead of a separate gas furnace (fridge and AC use heat
         | pump already), induction stove.
         | 
         | I remember seeing a social media post urging people to check
         | their electrical panel and if it was a specific name, "Federal
         | Pacific Electric" for instance, to call an electrician and plan
         | to have it removed because they were known to cause fires. I
         | absolutely agree though. The future is all electric and the
         | sooner we can drop natural gas to homes, the better.
         | 
         | >(3) Home electrification should allow power intake from car,
         | eventually everyone is going to have electric cars. This will
         | serve as emergency power, no need to buy a separate gas
         | generator.
         | 
         | Ideally, we would all live close enough to free-of-cost to the
         | rider public transit but yes, we should allow power going back
         | and forth between car and house. Maybe we can skip the battery
         | in the house altogether, send all power from house solar panels
         | to (in order of priority) the car if connected, the grid if car
         | is not connected, the house locally if grid is not connected.
         | This could be implemented practically with the right
         | infrastructure and technology.
         | 
         | > (4) Indoor air needs a lot of work, in addition to heat pump
         | for heating and cooling, we have to consider heat recovery,
         | enthalpy recovery, humidity, UV and most importantly
         | particulate matter. And mold prevention. Recent discussion on
         | mold, lots of people reporting problems:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38543229
         | 
         | I don't have a link but I remember reading a few years ago
         | about how in places with low pollution such as Colorado and
         | where days are hot but nights are pleasant in the summer,
         | perhaps one way to cut costs could be to over ventilate at
         | night in the summer (after measuring temperature) forcing
         | (filtered) cold air from outside into the house and forcing the
         | existing warm air out. This would also require a good
         | insulation system to maintain the temperature balance.
         | Thoughts?
         | 
         | > (5) Homes can be built with solar shingles. Right now, we
         | install a roof, then we install a structure to support panels
         | and then panels. If we can just install solar shingles, it is
         | just 1/3 of materials and far more importantly 1/3 of labor and
         | a lot less than a third in time. We now have nailable solar
         | shingles: https://www.gaf.energy/timberline-solar/
         | 
         | I am all for it if solar shingles are cheaper than solar panels
         | on top of roofs. While the upfront cost of solar shingles might
         | be higher, the long-term savings and aesthetic appeal could
         | make them a worthwhile investment.
         | 
         | > (6) Electric utility (or the city) can lay electric and fiber
         | at the same time. Either the city or electric provider can
         | provide internet or give equal access to providers. We don't
         | need any gas connections, homes can be completely electric.
         | 
         | Yes, absolutely agree. I used to love gas until I learned that
         | gas leaks and gas connections going to homes leak A LOT. Now, I
         | am all for all electric. And yes, we need fiber everywhere
         | please. High-speed internet access for all is especially
         | important in the context of remote work and online education.
         | 
         | > (7) Ongoing discussion on 48V POE for cars
         | (https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38557203). Wny not 48V
         | POE for most of home wiring? Most everything can be smart by
         | default.
         | 
         | Does this mean we don't need step down transformers? Is it
         | simply moving the step down transformers from the street into
         | the house? The potential benefits of 48V POE could include
         | increased efficiency and safety.
        
           | amluto wrote:
           | > perhaps one way to cut costs could be to over ventilate at
           | night in the summer (after measuring temperature) forcing
           | (filtered) cold air from outside into the house and forcing
           | the existing warm air out.
           | 
           | Setups like this are fairly common, especially in commercial
           | construction. There are "economizers," various forms of
           | "whole house fan," and a few HRVs/ERVs with a built in bypass
           | feature. Also windows. HRV bypasses are not especially high
           | flow.
           | 
           | Sadly, most whole house fans are designed quite specifically
           | for houses with vented attics. While most house do have
           | vented attics, there is very little excuse these days to
           | build a vented attic, especially in wildfire-prone areas.
        
         | acover wrote:
         | Is it possible to use normal solar panels for the roofing
         | material?
        
         | amluto wrote:
         | > (1) We need 240V outlets for EV charging (costs cents at
         | construction time, costs $3000 - $8000 later)
         | 
         | 6/2 (plus ground) cable is not _that_ cheap. And current code
         | actually requires EV-readiness in many places.
         | 
         | > Wny not 48V POE for most of home wiring? Most everything can
         | be smart by default.
         | 
         | I would take regular #12/#14 wiring, so long as the neutral is
         | wired up correctly (which it almost always is with NM-B or any
         | similar factory-made cable) over some 48V let's-hope-
         | it's-still-useful-in-10-years setup.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | People buy expensive old houses because there is no vacant land
         | to build new houses in those areas. If you want to live in a
         | certain neighborhood then you take what's available. It's the
         | location that counts; the quality of the house itself is mostly
         | incidental.
        
       | georgelyon wrote:
       | Given recent research into using WiFi to "see" through walls or
       | at the very least track what humans are doing in a space, I would
       | argue we should go in the opposite direction. I'm pretty happy
       | with my current house and adversarial-to-WiFi cement walls. Sure,
       | I had to run some cable and buy enough access points for about 3x
       | the amount of square feet of my house (if you go by the
       | advertised specs) but this is a one-time investment that is
       | pretty small in the grand scheme of home-related things.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | The wire might be one-time per 30 years. (The Cat-5 spec is
         | only ~28 years old.)
         | 
         | The APs are going to get replaced more than once a decade I
         | think. We've been in our place 16 years and I'm on the third
         | generation of APs, one Netgear that I moved here with, a set of
         | UAC-AC-Pros, and a set of UAC-U6-LRs.
        
           | georgelyon wrote:
           | Sure, "very infrequently recurring" may be a more accurate
           | label than "one time"
        
         | engineer_22 wrote:
         | AFAIK the wifi "see through walls" exploit requires an array of
         | wifi routers. Even in lab conditions the imaging capabilities
         | seem... aspirational. An adversary would be well served to
         | stick to other forms of surveillance
        
       | SoftTalker wrote:
       | Any technology installed in a home will be obsolete in under a
       | decade. It's silly to deeply embed this stuff into the framework
       | of the house.
       | 
       | Remember all the people who spent big money running CAT5 to all
       | the rooms? Then we got in-home WiFi and all of that cabling was
       | just forgotten.
        
         | teeray wrote:
         | > Then we got in-home WiFi and all of that cabling was just
         | forgotten.
         | 
         | Those folks just plugged APs into all that "forgotten" cabling
         | and ended up with the best backhaul for their WiFi possible.
        
         | hk1337 wrote:
         | I don't think it should be run to every room but ethernet
         | cables to the main places where you want solid internet
         | connectivity would be good. Like an ethernet line to your TV
         | for good connectivity on streaming devices and if you're going
         | to use a room as an office. Everything else can be wifi. Maybe
         | a few others just in case.
        
           | Libcat99 wrote:
           | I'm off the opinion that anything that can be wired should
           | be. If a device is stationary and used often, wire it. It's
           | not just about a better quality link that device, it also
           | means less contention for your other devices that must be on
           | wifi.
        
             | icehawk wrote:
             | One on every wall is my preference. My TV, computer desk,
             | etc, won't be in the same place forever.`
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | Eh, for most houses this is overkill. For one, they tend
               | not to have a wring room to bring 20+ cables back to and
               | put in to a patch panel. The other is that a great number
               | of houses have a pretty singular optimal layout for a
               | room.
               | 
               | In your design my house would have around 40 drops,
               | rather than 7. 40 makes no sense.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | Do many consumer TVs even have an RJ45 connector anymore?
           | Despite what a few of us here might like to do, average
           | homeowners hate cables and love Wifi.
        
             | hk1337 wrote:
             | I would be curious to find out about others because all the
             | flat screen TVs I had there was an RJ45 connector. I don't
             | do any streaming on the TV anyways so I do not even have
             | wifi configured. For me the ethernet would be for Apple TV.
        
             | gizmo686 wrote:
             | Every TV I have has an RJ45 connector. They also have wifi,
             | but the RJ45 is there for anyone who wants it.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | >even have an RJ45 connector anymore?
             | 
             | Yea, every one I've seen recently. Of all devices they are
             | the number one device to put on a network drop as they will
             | use more bandwidth more consistently than any other device
             | in your house.
             | 
             | On my TV wall I had a singular network drop to the TV wall.
             | When I built a faux fireplace for it, I put a switch there
             | in the access hole and now have it split out between the TV
             | and all the consoles.
        
         | kennethrc wrote:
         | > Remember all the people who spent big money running CAT5 to
         | all the rooms? Then we got in-home WiFi and all of that cabling
         | was just forgotten.
         | 
         | I dunno 'bout that- seems to me someone who knows enough to run
         | Ethernet also knows that WiFi is a collision-detection
         | protocol; I retrofit CAT6 into my current place just a couple
         | of years ago, and while I have a mesh WiFi6 network at home
         | (with Ethernet backhaul, of course) I also ensured all the TVs
         | (most of them 4K) and as many computers as possible were on
         | Ethernet.
        
         | r2_pilot wrote:
         | Uhm, no? I ran cat 5e through my house in all the bedrooms and
         | common areas back in high school and I'm still using them in
         | addition to my Wi-Fi network, which historically hasn't been
         | 1/1,000 as reliable as the copper cable. Even now I have higher
         | bandwidth (1gbps) for each computer connected, and it doesn't
         | have wireless interference to contend with.
        
         | ip26 wrote:
         | I'm sure someone once said that about 120V wiring, and about
         | POTS.
         | 
         | We can't anticipate what will be obsolete. But fifty feet of
         | ethernet cable or single strand fiber is quite cheap and easy
         | to install during construction. Honestly, so what if it _is_
         | obsolete in a decade? I doubt my parents are regretting the
         | money they spent running now-obsolete POTS into their house in
         | 1950.
        
           | SoftTalker wrote:
           | POTS is obsolete, I'd guess most new houses aren't wired for
           | it. Cable TV coax is obsolete except as a connection for a
           | cable modem, will soon be replaced by fiber or wireless in
           | most places where it hasn't already. Took a while but
           | technological progress is on an accelerating curve.
           | 
           | Mains electrical and plumbing are about the only things that
           | will remain as-is for a good while.
        
         | icehawk wrote:
         | Not really, I had WiFi years before I could run Cat5 in the
         | walls, and now it's used to cable the access points that run
         | the WiFi.
        
       | ec109685 wrote:
       | This is why the Xfinity "10g" commercials are so disingenuous.
       | They make it sound like the limit in homes for high quality
       | simultaneous streaming and gaming is the cable internet
       | connection instead of the home wifi network.
        
         | yjftsjthsd-h wrote:
         | Well, it depends; if your downlink is 10Gb then yeah the local
         | side might be a bottleneck, but some of us are out here on 10
         | _M_ b internet connections and only benefit from upgrading the
         | local network if it means better reliability.
        
       | s3p wrote:
       | The article makes no mention of which construction materials are
       | supposedly 'better' for wifi signals.
        
         | madamelic wrote:
         | Yes, it is a frustrating article. Feels more like a Twitlonger
         | than an actual news article. Mostly complaining and info-
         | dumping vs offering up a solution or deeper information.
         | 
         | If the author had dug deeper and reached out to experts, the
         | article could have been great.
        
       | jwells89 wrote:
       | In this realm, something I'm going to be doing some time soon is
       | running ethernet through to the various rooms of my home, because
       | it lacks this wiring despite being built in the 00s with a fiber
       | connection being part of the original plan.
       | 
       | While I don't yet have a professional's opinion, this is likely
       | to be somewhat involved and expensive as it seems that walls will
       | need to be cut open and in one place, floorboards pulled up. It
       | could turn out that some of the existing wiring has conduits that
       | could be used but I'm not betting on it.
        
         | gregmac wrote:
         | Tips: get an "installer bit" -- this is a really long, flexible
         | drill bit that lets you cut a hole for the mounting plate, and
         | drill directly from there down into the floor below. In the
         | ideal case, no drywall patching is needed at all. You mount a
         | low-voltage retrofit box/ring in the hole you made and the
         | keystone wall plate attaches to that.
        
           | samtho wrote:
           | Also, there is typically a small hole on the end of the
           | installer bit, just below the tip, that lets you use it as
           | "fish stick" and poke your pull line through after you drill
           | the hole.
        
         | drewmol wrote:
         | If you not familiar check out powerline network adapters and
         | access points. Not as good as cat6+ but better than WiFi as
         | backhaul, I've been pleasantly surprised with the performance
         | and throughput of the newer standards. You can get up to 2400
         | Mbps with the recent models.
        
         | kbenson wrote:
         | Depending on the why and what you ultimately want, you might
         | find powerline adapters useful, or the flat ribbon ethernet
         | cables that are so small that you can actually fit it easily
         | between the baseboard and carpet. You could probably run that
         | under carpet and padding (to pass doors or jump halls) and
         | straight through walls at specific points and get fairly good
         | access everywhere with much less work.
        
           | orev wrote:
           | Powerline is very bad. It generates huge amounts of RF
           | interference and I'm surprised to see it keeps getting
           | recommended here. MoCa is far better as long as coax is
           | available.
        
         | bcrosby95 wrote:
         | One dream I have is pulling out my baseboards, carving a
         | channel into them, and putting ethernet cables in there.
        
           | samtho wrote:
           | You might not even need to carve it out: there is often a
           | 3/8-3/4in gap where the drywall stops.
        
         | candiddevmike wrote:
         | Consider running single mode fibre instead. You can always
         | convert it to Ethernet.
        
           | jwells89 wrote:
           | Doesn't that require powered converter boxes, similar to
           | MoCA? The nice thing about ethernet is being able to plug in
           | anything anywhere in the house without a power brick.
        
         | madamelic wrote:
         | > It could turn out that some of the existing wiring has
         | conduits that could be used
         | 
         | Unless it is low voltage in the conduit, you don't want to mix
         | 120v with low voltage wiring.
         | 
         | In residential, it's not a huge deal but does come with the
         | risk of data loss along with, to my understanding, an extremely
         | minimal chance of fire due to inducing voltage. The chance of
         | fire increases as the voltage goes up so generally it's only a
         | risk in commercial or industrial.
         | 
         | You don't have to get inspections or follow code to my
         | understanding but the rule of thumb iirc is 8 inches minimum
         | between low-voltage and 120v. So if 120v is in one stud 'bay',
         | you go to the next one.
        
       | gregmac wrote:
       | The majority of the complaint here is really that:
       | 
       | * many new homes use metal "structured cabling" boxes (which
       | block wifi signals)
       | 
       | * the box is not in a central location (eg: usually in a corner
       | of the basement near where cabling comes in)
       | 
       | * Most people use their ISP-provided combination wifi/router
       | 
       | * The wifi is then located inside the metal structured cabling
       | box
       | 
       | For most non-techie houses, if the access point is centrally
       | located, it'll solve the vast majority of problems. However, to
       | do this, practically, at least some of the following have to
       | happen:
       | 
       | * The router and wifi need to be separate units, with ethernet
       | cables to the wifi location
       | 
       | * The structured cabling box needs to be redesigned to be plastic
       | or mount the router/wifi combo externally
       | 
       | * All the in-house ethernet and outside connections need to be
       | run to a location near the center of the house, such that there
       | are minimal walls between it and each living space
       | 
       | This isn't hard, it's just an incentives problem. Most houses
       | don't sell for more money by doing this, so the builder has no
       | incentive to fix it. ISPs have clearly decided that having a
       | single modem/router/wifi combo is most cost-effective for them,
       | and just let their customers deal with a less-than-optimal
       | experience. In many cases people have little or no other ISP
       | choice, so it's not like they lose the business.
        
         | wlesieutre wrote:
         | _> All the in-house ethernet and outside connections need to be
         | run to a location near the center of the house, such that there
         | are minimal walls between it and each living space_
         | 
         | If we're just talking wifi like 99% of people will do, this is
         | literally _one cable_ that needs to be planned. Shouldn 't be
         | hard, but like you said the people responsible for setting it
         | up would need to care.
        
         | samtho wrote:
         | > many new homes use metal "structured cabling" boxes (which
         | block wifi signal)
         | 
         | Which are not meant to house a wifi access point, these are
         | fine for (wired) network routers and the modem, but if you have
         | this setup, your wireless access point should really be on the
         | ceiling.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | we know that, the people who make those boxes know that.
           | However the people installing network in most houses don't
           | know that: they see a box in a useful location for having
           | switches and think "I'll just put everything in there" even
           | though that box is in a bad location for wifi and is metal.
        
           | OJFord wrote:
           | I'm not in the US, that's not common here, are these
           | something like this? https://i.pinimg.com/originals/4b/ad/6b/
           | 4bad6bbff1a36e3dfbf7...
           | 
           | For the majority (I assume) of houses built without Ethernet
           | runs, what's in there? Just the fibre/copper entry and modem
           | if required? Or does it also house circuit breakers and meter
           | etc. typically?
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | In my experience the Xfinity (Comcast) WiFi boost pods work
         | pretty well. You can just plug them into any available
         | electrical outlet and they automatically form a mesh network to
         | eliminate dead zones around the house. They might not be ideal
         | if you need really high bandwidth and low latency, but for most
         | homeowners it's probably good enough and much cheaper than
         | installing Ethernet wiring.
         | 
         | https://www.xfinity.com/learn/internet-service/wifi/xfi-pod
        
         | dmckeon wrote:
         | Put a patch panel in the structured media center, attach all
         | house Cat-5++ cables to it. Put in-wall keystone RJ-45
         | receptacles at the other end of each cable. Put ISP
         | router/gateway/wifi box at some central location. Use patch
         | cables and panel to connect ISP box to ISP. Add WAPs elsewhere
         | as needed.
        
       | RajT88 wrote:
       | His woes would likely much less if he could figure out how to fab
       | a plastic plate to replace the metal one.
       | 
       | (Or better: buy one which fits)
        
         | latchkey wrote:
         | They are like $10 on amazon. When I remodeled my place, I ran
         | some power from another plug and I put my cablebox/wifi router
         | into the wall (high up), behind a plastic door that lives
         | behind the tv. Super easy and works fantastic.
        
       | teeray wrote:
       | Part of the issue is that there isn't really a professional class
       | that is dedicated to home Internet like other home services. For
       | Joe Homeowner, they call the plumber to put in a new sink, an
       | electrician to hang a light fixture, the HVAC guy to put in
       | A/C... and Comcast when the Internet is acting up? This would be
       | equivalent to calling the city's water department when your
       | toilet is clogged with a Barbie doll.
       | 
       | Electricians are the closest match, but usually telephone wiring
       | is the closest experience they have to running Ethernet. They
       | know nothing about properly setting up APs and the RF
       | considerations.
       | 
       | So when building houses, builders don't bother, because getting
       | that labor is specialized and homeowners are satisfied with the
       | equivalent of a port-a-potty from Comcast in the living room
       | because they don't know any better.
        
         | asperous wrote:
         | I looked it up and there is a whole industry of "low voltage"
         | or cable networking installers.
         | 
         | I think it's more a matter of cost and that people wouldn't
         | think to do it if their internet mostly works.
        
           | hervature wrote:
           | In case people are curious, I had several lines of ethernet
           | added throughout my home I wanted to add (cameras outside,
           | ethernet port in garage, etc.) and I was charged $100 per
           | line (they called them drops). This included going into my
           | attic and doing as much as possible passing the ethernet
           | inside the walls. When they went outside, they used conduit.
           | I think most people would actually save money by dropping
           | from 1Gbps to 200Mbps and using those savings to pay for a
           | wired backhaul and good mesh network.
        
         | pjot wrote:
         | The ATT guy just drilled a hole in the side of my wall to pass
         | the fiber through. I rent, so I don't really care, but if the
         | plumber did that I'd be pissed.
        
           | themark wrote:
           | This. They wanted to drill a hole in my place to run a line
           | from the pole. The line would go right past a window. It just
           | seemed unprofessional.
        
             | samtho wrote:
             | I mean, do you expect them to alter the laws of physics to
             | your preferred taste? Most overhead installs must attach to
             | the closest point on your home to the pole.
        
               | dfxm12 wrote:
               | If their experience was like mine someone from the ISP
               | showed up unannounced and just started putting a hole in
               | their house. They then called the ISP to ask if this was
               | legit, and the response was "we can't answer that for
               | you, maybe you should call the cops".
               | 
               | In this case, yeah, it would be unprofessional and they'd
               | be pissed :)
        
               | bradley13 wrote:
               | Yes, actually, I do. Not alter the laws of physics, but
               | run the cable where it makes sense. If that means running
               | it in a conduit _outside_ the house for a few meters to
               | get to a sensible spot, then that 's what they're going
               | to have to do. They don't just get to put a hole in your
               | wall "wherever".
        
         | organsnyder wrote:
         | When we built my new home office (above the garage), I bought a
         | couple of big spools of Cat6A and told the electricians where I
         | wanted them run. I also made sure they were aware of bend
         | radius requirements, etc. (though if they managed to bend
         | shielded Cat6A that far I'd be impressed). I've been doing the
         | termination myself.
        
         | mplewis wrote:
         | The niche to search for is "low-voltage electrician." They do
         | all sorts of professional installations of non-powered wiring.
        
           | ponector wrote:
           | Yes, there are guys who specializes on security, CCTV, smart
           | home, etc. They should charge properly. Nobody will call them
           | for lying few meters of RJ45.
        
         | petee wrote:
         | A recent wiring overhaul at my house saw the electrican
         | bundling about 6 cables with my cat6a runs. Never been happier
         | that I went with shielded; no apparent issues despite zero
         | clearance, but imagine non-shielded buried in a wall somewhere,
         | undiagnosable
        
         | ghaff wrote:
         | It's probably something of a generational thing. The fairly
         | young electrician who the contractor who did a few fairly large
         | projects I used seemed to know what he was doing. It's probably
         | not perfect but it seems to work fine. Everything isn't wired
         | but the cable comes into my office where my modem/switch are
         | and it goes off to ports next to a couple of complexes of
         | electronics downstairs that also have local switches.
         | 
         | I still use wireless a lot but quite a bit of the higher
         | bandwidth gear is wired.
        
         | d0gsg0w00f wrote:
         | Yeah, I learned that if I want something a certain way I make
         | sure they include it in the quote and check while they're
         | working just like a General Contractor would do. For things
         | like fiber conduit I'm going to make sure the driveway people
         | bury it.
        
       | turtlebits wrote:
       | IME, ethernet in every room is overkill. I had it in my previous
       | house and only used it for in the office.
       | 
       | What I'd be happy with is a few ceiling drops for APs in common
       | areas.
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | Why not give people the option? What's a guest bedroom today
         | can become a home office tomorrow, and stability/bandwidth
         | needs per room can vary accordingly.
        
       | bastard_op wrote:
       | Home builders are probably the worst option to design a home
       | network as they're only interested in mass-producing crap as
       | quick as possible, and they have no idea the difference between
       | cat5, cat7, or fiber. You're lucky if you get electrical outlets
       | in the right places and orientation.
       | 
       | My friend that is like me a network engineer just bought/building
       | a new house, and was talking about getting a 8 port switch. I was
       | like what, for a new, large-ish house? He was talking about just
       | doing wireless, and I'm like ugh, but what about all your kids
       | watching netflix on 8k+ tv's, all on wireless at the same time
       | and complaining to you, you'll wish you had wired their tv's. Not
       | to mention security cameras, doorbells, multiple AP's
       | potentially, ethernet-based sensors for things, etc, all things
       | that need Power over Ethernet too, or at least benefit from it.
       | It got him thinking at least.
       | 
       | Then he went back to the builder and the builder gave him 2
       | options, take what they give, which is an ethernet drop in each
       | room in a random spot back to a closet of whatever cable they
       | happen to have that day, or nothing. I'd have been pissed, and he
       | was at that point. I told him better luck next time on his next
       | house.
       | 
       | It shouldn't take a network engineer to build a decent home
       | network, but apparently it does and any home builder worth a damn
       | should in the modern age should consider it.
        
         | ponector wrote:
         | Regular homebuyers would not pay extra thousands dollar for
         | proper network project.
         | 
         | Unfortunately if you want a decent network - then do it
         | yourself.
        
           | bdavbdav wrote:
           | DIY is really hard to do (neatly) once built. Especially in
           | the UK where even a lot of internal walls are brick.
        
             | ponector wrote:
             | Could be messy, but possible. After all, our modern
             | apartments are built with reinforced concrete first and
             | then wires are laid into the walls, floor, ceiling.
        
             | rickydroll wrote:
             | Try in a 1930-40s house with vermiculite insulation. You
             | need asbestos monitoring whenever you crack open a wall or
             | a ceiling. Of course, the same can be said for and
             | 1970-80-90's house with Chinese drywall.
             | 
             | I'll never get 10G from my basement to 2ed floor office. I
             | can run fiber along the chimney, but there is no way down
             | that doesn't disturb the vermiculite insulation.
             | 
             | I love old houses, but they present a whole different set
             | of engineering challenges and DIY skills.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | I've heard the secret to getting contractors to do what you
           | want is "Name a price, then do it." Basically for everything
           | non-standard you want in the build, let them set a price, and
           | then pay it. Oftentimes it'll be a few thousand for extra
           | wiring or moving some outlet around, $25K to raise the roof
           | in a room, something like that. But if they feel like they're
           | getting an extra few grand out of you, many contractors are
           | very willing to do it.
           | 
           | It does mean that costs frequently balloon, but you should
           | expect that when you do any form of home renovation, and just
           | budget an extra $100K or so for it.
        
             | thfuran wrote:
             | >and just budget an extra $100K or so for it.
             | 
             | Yeah, I can't believe everyone isn't jumping right on that.
        
               | Fauntleroy wrote:
               | Lots of people out here not making the realization they
               | need to be in the top ~20% of earners in their area if
               | they want anything remotely nice in their life.
               | 
               | Edit: probably higher than that in certain locations
               | where homeownership is impossible
        
               | ChadNauseam wrote:
               | Only because "remotely nice" is defined relative to
               | people in your neighborhood. What percent of people
               | worldwide have their own bedroom with >10gbps WiFi and an
               | outlet?
        
               | Nevermark wrote:
               | Not sure the context here is "worldwide". I don't see any
               | comments about running AC to bedrooms.
               | 
               | Also, "nice" things continually transition to being
               | expected "basic" things. Especially when many people find
               | the upgrades not too onerous. Other people feel natural
               | frustration if happenstance makes the transition to a new
               | norm more difficult for them.
               | 
               | --
               | 
               | It took work to get good WiFi signals throughout my home
               | this year. But an 80+ foot tree fell on the roof,
               | centered directly over me in bed without killing me,
               | during a tremendously dark and stormy night. So I won't
               | complain about the signal resistant materials! Too much!
               | In a closely adjecent "verse" I won't be complaining
               | about anything.
        
         | instagib wrote:
         | A co-worker became friends with his contractor and put in his
         | own drops in the evening after the workers left.
         | 
         | My place has two separate drops per room. One for Ethernet and
         | one Ethernet that is setup as a phone line. I picked up a
         | couple used enterprise grade AP's with traffic shaping and all
         | is good.
        
           | madamelic wrote:
           | > A co-worker became friends with his contractor and put in
           | his own drops in the evening after the workers left.
           | 
           | Was talking to my dad over Thanksgiving and that's precisely
           | what he did every time we bought a new house. He would go
           | over to the new house after work and install conduit to the
           | house so he didn't have to tear up the house installing it
           | after drywall.
        
             | lotsofpulp wrote:
             | How many times did you guys move into a newly constructed
             | house?
        
               | madamelic wrote:
               | Only twice while I was living with them.
               | 
               | The first time I think he just did a giant PVC pipe from
               | top to bottom, that's what he said. Seems like there was
               | more to that installation that I should ask about. I was
               | quite a young child when we lived at that house so
               | hearing it had ethernet was surprising.
               | 
               | The second time he actually did all the ethernet runs
               | while the house was unfinished and I remember it because
               | he'd bring me along.
        
             | olyjohn wrote:
             | If you're just lazy like me, you just go through an
             | exterior wall, staple the cable up along some trim, and go
             | back through the wall into the room you want the cable.
             | Caulk it up and paint it and you can't even tell it's
             | there. Best to get outdoor-rated, or direct-burial cable.
             | The layer of paint over it also seems to do a pretty good
             | job protecting it.
        
         | NewJazz wrote:
         | Even if they use a shitty cable you can pull your own cable
         | through after the fact, no? Might not work well with flimsy
         | fiber if they took tight turns, but CAT7 should be fine.
        
           | jaywalk wrote:
           | They don't just leave cables hanging freely behind the walls.
        
             | OJFord wrote:
             | I assume GP is assuming it would be hanging freely in (in-
             | wall) conduit, which is pretty uncontroversially the best
             | way to do it, just very hard to retrofit.
             | 
             | And if you are retrofitting a cable run, yeah it probably
             | _will_ be  'just hanging freely behind the walls'.
        
               | Someone1234 wrote:
               | I've been in a newly constructed home with Cat-6, and
               | they stapled it. This was within the last year.
               | 
               | From builder's perspective it is "controversial" to run
               | conduit because they're trying to tick boxes as
               | cheaply/fast as possible and conduit is the exact
               | opposite of that goal. If you want conduit, I'd assume
               | you have to pay for it as a bespoke upgrade.
        
           | slimginz wrote:
           | Not every time. In my current place the cable is stapled
           | directly to the studs so it would require gutting basically
           | everything to replace all of it. Luckily most of the runs go
           | to places that make sense but I'll never be able to upgrade
           | from CAT5e.
        
             | jonhohle wrote:
             | That's how my house is as well. The builder used CAT5 for
             | all of the phone runs. Fortunately it's a one story with
             | easy attic access. I've rerouted many of them to a closet
             | (the originally all terminated outside near the electrical
             | panel) and ran a few more by drilling through top plates in
             | the attic. I don't have jacks everywhere I'd want, and most
             | of the cable is CAT5, but it generally hasn't been an
             | issue. Most of the lines seem to support gigabit speeds.
             | 
             | In my previous house an upstairs leak resulted in a
             | downstairs ceiling coming down which was a boon for wiring
             | up most of the house and adding in ceiling speakers and can
             | lights.
        
               | secabeen wrote:
               | In some jurisdictions, every wall will have a horizontal
               | 2x4 about half-way down the wall. Drilling through the
               | top-plate will get you started, but you'll need a special
               | 4' long drill-bit to make the second hole you need in
               | that 2x4. It's kind of fun to drill with such a long bit.
        
           | jasode wrote:
           | _> Even if they use a shitty cable you can pull your own
           | cable through after the fact, no? _
           | 
           | Often you can't use the old (unwanted) cable to act as a
           | "fish tape" or "mouse" to pull a new cable because the old
           | cable is routed through many small holes in 2x4 studs,
           | ceiling plates, or joists. The path usually has several tight
           | 90 degree turns, with staples, and some of the holes are even
           | spray foamed. There would be too much friction inside the
           | walls to pull a cable for non-trivial distances.
           | 
           | If the old cable was inside of conduit, pulling a new cable
           | could work but that type of install is very rare. Conduit for
           | networking cable is typically only used underground to bury
           | the cable between buildings rather than inside the walls of a
           | single home.
        
           | Sylamore wrote:
           | Depends, I've seen cat6 stapled to the studs like all the
           | other wiring. I'd probably at least ask for it to be placed
           | in conduit if it were me, but I'd probably also just go in
           | and do the wiring myself before they closed up the walls.
        
         | Baeocystin wrote:
         | Honestly, modern meshes are fine. I Have clients with large
         | families, everyone streaming at Netflix O'Clock, and the three-
         | pack of Eeros they picked up handle everything without a single
         | hiccup. My last house, many years ago, I did wire up with
         | CAT5e. If I build again in the future, I may not bother.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | As I wrote elsewhere, I've had a fair bit of Ethernet
           | installed when walls were open and other electrical work was
           | being done anyway. But this was years ago and a lot of what I
           | do is over wireless these days. It's probably still a good
           | idea to run some network wiring depending on the house layout
           | but, with meshes, it's probably not really necessary--
           | especially if at least some of the high bandwidth equipment
           | is wired.
        
             | Baeocystin wrote:
             | Yeah, I do technically have a few runs, for a pair of PoE
             | security cameras. I wound up moving my Synology out of my
             | office in to the garage (it was a rackmount unit, with
             | screeching fans), just plugged in to one of my satellite
             | Eeros, and I literally can't tell in terms of bandwidth.
             | I'm not complaining, it's nice to not have to worry about
             | wires!
        
               | ghaff wrote:
               | My Synology is fairly low-end one. It's "only" something
               | like a 1.8TB RAID-1. (I think it was probably cheaper
               | than operating my old Linux box with btrfs to do the same
               | thing.) But, yeah, I plug my various wired stuff in where
               | it's convenient but basically don't sweat the details.
        
         | xattt wrote:
         | I'm planning to wire not only for Ethernet, but also speaker
         | wire. I'm not fully confident in my ability to make sure a
         | ceiling speaker goes in the right place, but I'll have to
         | resort to that.
         | 
         | My options are either a guy that does all the big projects
         | (churches, restaurants, houses for people that won't blink at a
         | 100,000 dollar late-construction review) or myself.
         | 
         | There's simply no in-between, because it's not in the mindset
         | of the general population. Most one-man electrician shows
         | probably have enough issues keeping their phone going.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | I basically have whole house (including outdoor) speaker
           | wire. But, to be honest, this was basically done 20 years ago
           | by an electrician in concert with other work and I'm not sure
           | I'd do it today unless it were really easy.
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | On the other hand, you can still get pretty good bandwidth out
         | of the lowly cat5. You usually don't have 100m runs.
         | 
         | Over my lifetime I think 10 -> 100 -> 1000 -> 2.5 maybe 10 is
         | usually doable.
         | 
         | arguably not as good as fiber, which has been reused in steps
         | of orders of magnitude each tech jump.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | People here get obsessed with the highest bandwidth numbers.
           | But, most of the time in a consumer context, it really
           | doesn't matter.
        
         | avidiax wrote:
         | > you'll wish you had wired their tv's.
         | 
         | Unfortunately, many TVs only have 100Mbps ethernet, and
         | sometimes that ethernet port doesn't even achieve 50Mbps
         | because of software issues. People workaround that by using a
         | USB Gigabit Ethernet adapter with the USB 3.0/3.1 port.
         | 
         | https://www.howtogeek.com/763255/how-to-add-gigabit-ethernet...
        
       | madamelic wrote:
       | I wish ethernet only cost "a few hundred dollars".
       | 
       | I am currently about $600 in the hole and I haven't even bought
       | conduit, new drywall, or another switch. I am guessing it will be
       | in the $1,000+ range when I am done. That's assuming I don't need
       | to go get another 1,000 foot roll which I am guessing I might
       | (doing 48 drops + PoE)
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | While interesting, I don't think the article really was for me.
       | It felt shallow and like an info dump rather than a real opinion
       | piece.
       | 
       | The solution to "I have bad internet" is ethernet yet the author
       | seems against or as if it is stepping back into the past. We rely
       | on wires to get it into the house generally, why are you
       | advocating for getting rid of wires then being confused when your
       | coverage sucks.
       | 
       | The technology is there to have good wireless internet (wifi mesh
       | driven by ethernet) but the author seems like they want to
       | complain rather than looking at the problem rationally.
        
         | mindslight wrote:
         | " _Doc, the Wifi AP doesn 't work very well when I put it in a
         | metal box_" ... " _Have you tried not putting it in a metal
         | box?_ "
         | 
         | It feels like the author has a self-induced problem where she
         | indeed knows better. But she's trying to emulate what she
         | thinks a non-techie would do, and getting that quite wrong by
         | limiting herself to fewer pieces rather than widely available
         | off the shelf products meant to solve the problem properly.
         | 
         | Obviously the metal box is meant for modem+router+switch, and
         | then you hang wireless APs off of where the ethernet cables run
         | to. When I was in an apartment that had a similar setup, I
         | found it a bit limiting and still ran various ethernet lines
         | under rugs and whatnot, but it was much better foundation than
         | draping cables in hallways and stairways.
        
       | rdl wrote:
       | That was possibly the worst written tech article I've read in a
       | while, despite generally agreeing with the premise of home Wi-Fi
       | being important. I look forward to LLMs actually eliminating the
       | bottom 75% of human writing.
        
       | onetimeuse92304 wrote:
       | Not sure what you mean.
       | 
       | I am living in one of the worst place possible for Internet. I
       | have over 400 2.4GHz APs accessible from my apartment. And it was
       | built pre-Internet age with absolutely no forethought.
       | 
       | And yet I have perfectly working Internet.
       | 
       | Yes, when the network operator installed their AP it absolutely
       | sucked. But I turned it into modem, put on my own pfSense box.
       | Configured traffic shaping to reduce bufferbloat and ensure
       | bandwidth is always reserved for things like zoom calls.
       | 
       | Then I put on a decent (Ubiquiti) access point in every other
       | room. I have reduced power of those access points so that they
       | fall off naturally, this helps clients who move about the large
       | apartment to roam. It does not make sense to have the AP radiate
       | much further than the puny phone modem -- it just keeps the modem
       | stuck to that AP while the AP struggles to receive signal from
       | the phone. And so on.
       | 
       | I have also upgraded almost all devices to 5GHz. 5GHz has much
       | shorter range but it is actually a benefit -- it means less
       | interference from devices of my neighbours.
       | 
       | For security, I have separated VLANs and WLANs (separate for my
       | work, for network management, for my family and their unsafe
       | devices, for some legacy devices like printers and finally for
       | guests).
       | 
       | Everybody who visits me notices how well the WiFi works.
       | 
       | I don't see how you need to _build_ for  "good Internet". "Good
       | Internet" is just function of knowing what you are doing.
       | 
       | It may cost a bit more to set up networking like mine. But this
       | is drop in the ocean compared to trying to somehow improving your
       | wifi coverage by chosing more expensive materials to build your
       | house.
        
         | ToucanLoucan wrote:
         | I mean, at the very least, running CAT-6 into every room of
         | your aforementioned apartment and terminating them somewhere
         | sensible with a fiber/cable endpoint wouldn't cost _awfully_
         | much and would make everything you did here notably easier.
         | Even if it 's not used by a given tenant or owner, this stuff
         | like any infrastructure is inherited by the next occupant.
         | Since we got fiber internet, I've not touched a single coaxial
         | line in my home, but when I sell it and move, that cable is
         | still there, ready to be used by whomever buys it. Whether they
         | will or not is obviously their decision to make, but at least
         | this way the option is there. I see no reason why ethernet
         | couldn't work similarly. Every house I've lived in has had a
         | nest of coaxial cable lines in some corner of the basement or
         | other utility area, and most have RJ-11 for phones too.
         | 
         | I would also say that your last note: "a function of knowing
         | what you're doing" does unintentionally I think really well at
         | illustrating the problem. I do not have the slightest clue how
         | plumbing works, but my home came designed from stock with
         | working toilets and showers. I also have a fair bit of
         | knowledge about electricity (enough to change outlets and
         | switches anyway) but not enough to really build out circuits,
         | and my home came designed from stock with appropriately placed
         | (mostly) outlets ready to be used. My point being: people
         | shouldn't _have to know_ how their infrastructure works, and I
         | would argue while a new entry and one that could use some
         | standardization, Internet absolutely belongs in that category.
         | 
         | Additionally, you're using some pretty top-of-the-line consumer
         | electronics there with Ubuquiti APs. I looked into those some
         | years back and to replace my Google Wifi's that I had at the
         | time would've cost me about $1,500, which, I can afford and did
         | consider, but ultimately never pulled the trigger on and I
         | wouldn't be upset in the slightest if Joe Consumer looked at
         | that price tag and had fit, since bottom-shelf wireless routers
         | on the market do the exact same thing (distribute internet OTA)
         | for like, $70.
         | 
         | Now, I don't use bottom shelf personally, I have a mesh network
         | too but mine doesn't allow me to tweak the power of the
         | transmitters nor really do traffic shaping or service
         | prioritization. This is, in my mind, akin to someone saying
         | "there's nothing wrong with the highway, I have a Ferrari and I
         | can get to work in 10 minutes if the cops aren't in the way."
         | No kidding. You've bought one of the best answers to the
         | question at hand, but not everyone can have that. And this is
         | made worse by the fact that there are absolutely _tons_ of shit
         | quality routers built and sold every day that do a bad job of
         | this task, and the only way to avoid that as a customer is
         | knowing a decent amount about network administration so you
         | know what to avoid.
         | 
         | If a home fittings company made faucets that worked as badly as
         | many routers out there do, they'd be sued into oblivion if not
         | fined by the FTC for selling lemon products. I think we need
         | more regulations on Internet-adjacent hardware so customers can
         | have a baseline level of expectation that these things will
         | function at the task they're built to accomplish to at least a
         | certain level of reliability.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | There are companies making faucets as bad as that. Places
           | like WalMart sell them for cheap ($30). However no builder or
           | professional plumber will touch them - they know that
           | spending $200 on a good faucet is worth it.
        
       | fidotron wrote:
       | My house was built in 1991 and consequently has a hilarious early
       | 90s intercom wired throughout the house, with it being on the
       | never ending TODO list to remove and replace with something
       | reasonable. What is so curious is that even if you want to wire
       | ethernet through the house (and I have to some extent) there
       | aren't readily available decent things to shove on the wall that
       | provide equivalent functionality which you can safely assume will
       | not need replacing in five years. *
       | 
       | The technology ecosystem just doesn't historically mesh well with
       | the physical structure of homes at all. The whole success of Wifi
       | is it allows us to be non committal about things. That we use it
       | to connect TVs and doorbells to the network is really quite
       | insane.
       | 
       | I would like to see something in this space emerge and evolve,
       | but it seems to be fundamentally incompatible with the VC backed
       | tech industry at this point.
       | 
       | * Guess what I'm trying to build.
        
         | jaktet wrote:
         | * well everything points to an intercom like system so is what
         | you're trying to build not related to that l? (Since you said
         | provide equivalent functionality)
         | 
         | Maybe whole home audio with zones and voice communication?
        
           | fidotron wrote:
           | The wall units for doing that at least, only on digital
           | infrastructure.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Before someone says conduit in all the walls, that only works
         | if the conduit comes out where you want something. Your
         | intercom system probably terminates by each door at around
         | waist level - which is unlikely to be where you want Ethernet
         | cables to come out in the room - but perfect for an intercom.
         | In the 90s people were starting to run phones to more rooms,
         | but not to all rooms, at least those phone jacks would be in
         | the right place. Likewise in the 90s people were running coax
         | to more rooms - but a TV in every room was still seen as a sign
         | of wealth and so most bedrooms wouldn't get it (the master
         | would. though often that coax would be near the ceiling for
         | watching in bed and thus not a great location for Ethernet.
        
           | nostrademons wrote:
           | It doesn't have to be perfect. If you had an opening by the
           | baseboard on major walls, you could run through conduit to
           | get to the right room, and then tack a cord along the
           | baseboard and up corners of walls until you got to the right
           | place, the same way most people wire their TV/media room
           | right now. The main issue is running cords through doorways,
           | which keeps them from closing and is a tripping hazard.
           | People can live with cable ties as long as you get most of
           | the run hidden.
        
             | saalweachter wrote:
             | Beyond that, if you have conduit running to different
             | rooms, you can now treat those as _junction boxes_ instead
             | of termination points. You can run the cable to the box
             | easily, and then have ten feet of the old fashioned painful
             | cable pull from the junction box to the point on the wall
             | /ceiling you actually want to have a socket.
             | 
             | Perfect, good, etc.
        
           | Tempest1981 wrote:
           | > coax would be near the ceiling
           | 
           | I've been amazed watching contractors cut out a slice of
           | drywall, make mods, and replace the drywall. In under an
           | hour. But you need to paint afterwards.
        
         | hughesjj wrote:
         | I mean, we have zigbee/zwave/Lora/matter now, the wireless
         | comms game is changing to allow low power low bandwidth devices
         | ad not just super duper 'i'll run my data center comms over the
         | medium of air' level wifi
        
         | nostrademons wrote:
         | Something I'd like to see: internal conduit with pull lines
         | that you can use to thread any "wire-like" material through the
         | walls. Need to run a long HDMI cable? Open access panel, pull
         | out existing bundle, clip your cable to it, use pull line to
         | bring it back through the house. Same for Ethernet. In-home
         | fiber becomes cost-competitive? Replace your Ethernet lines
         | with it. Same for any new technologies.
         | 
         | We should also do this for city infrastructure, eg. have
         | conduit runs under the street that are a public right-of-way,
         | and then any new company that invents a new
         | telecommunications/energy/etc technology can pay the city to
         | run its lines through existing infrastructure instead of having
         | to dig up streets or beg the electric company for space on
         | poles.
        
           | saalweachter wrote:
           | Smurf tubes!
           | 
           | https://www.lowes.com/pl/Electrical-non-metallic-tubing-
           | ent-...
           | 
           | You don't even need wire pulls, you can just push cat5
           | through 3/4 ENT tubes and expect it to pop out the other
           | side.
        
             | hermitdev wrote:
             | Smurf tubes are great, but plugs like on Cat5 or HDMI
             | cables get easily hung up while pulling cables. The ones
             | you link above look smoother than the ones I've had the
             | (dis)pleasure of working with, which were ribbed, making
             | snags frequent & annoying, especially at any sort of 90
             | degree bend. It's still significantly easier (and safer)
             | than blind runs through walls.
        
               | soylentcola wrote:
               | At least for cat5/6, wouldn't you be cutting and
               | terminating once they're pulled? Never thought about
               | pulling one of those with the connector on - for the
               | reason you mentioned, but also just because you might not
               | know how much cable you'll need until it's all finished.
               | 
               | I'd imagine HDMI would be mostly shorter runs (or using
               | cat5/6 extenders) due to the limits/requirements of the
               | cable.
        
             | madamelic wrote:
             | Sounds like you have done this before... quick question: is
             | it normal to run multiple conduits carrying the same type
             | of cable parallel to each other? For instance, multiple
             | conduits running up from the first floor to the attic where
             | all the final runs are done.
             | 
             | It seems like 2" smurf tubes are relatively rare (I can
             | find them but seems like they aren't interested in selling
             | them in 100 foot rolls) so 1" are more common. According to
             | conduit guidelines, 1" conduit for 40% Cat6 is a measly 6
             | cables while 2" is 22. So even at 2", I would still need 2
             | - 3 two-inch conduit runs.
             | 
             | Is this off-base or do people generally hunt down 2"+
             | conduit?
        
               | saalweachter wrote:
               | I didn't have that situation (I was putting in Smurf
               | tubes while insulating an old balloon-framed house, so I
               | was mostly doing straight runs down the walls, with the
               | occasional bend around a window, before filling up the
               | airspaces), but if I did, I'd try to just build a void in
               | to go all the way up to the attic. If you don't want to
               | leave it bare wood, you could put in 4" PVC, with the T's
               | at each floor, instead.
        
         | gizmo686 wrote:
         | Pretty much any data cable you see in homes can be made to run
         | Ethernet at a decent rate with just an adapter at each end.
         | Coax can easily carry data at Gigabit speed.
         | 
         | Cat5e has been the standard for decades, and can run gigabit
         | speeds as well.
        
           | fidotron wrote:
           | It is interesting how all of you jumped to the wiring and
           | conduits as the problem, when the point I was trying to make
           | (badly) was even if the wiring was there then there is a
           | distinct lack of things on the market to connect to it which
           | do anything useful.
           | 
           | We have a chicken/egg situation for home networks where
           | normal people only see them as useful in the wifi sense, so
           | we fail to exploit the potential we could have if things were
           | wired.
        
       | sowbug wrote:
       | Is there any value in preserving old phone lines these days? In
       | my home I've kept vestigial coax runs because they're great for
       | MoCA adapters, but I haven't been able to think of a reason to
       | keep phone wires. So if I'm doing work on a room and they're in
       | the way, I rip them out.
        
         | petee wrote:
         | Unless you still have copper service, probably not. It was nice
         | when phones would still work during a blackout, now its limited
         | by local battery
        
         | gizmo686 wrote:
         | You can run networking through phone lines similar to coax.
        
         | teknopaul wrote:
         | Can't imagine. Occasionally run networks over power cables but
         | I've never seen gadgets to do something useful with old phone
         | cables. People used to have intercoms on them cables, but
         | everyone has a phone in their pocket these days
        
       | jmull wrote:
       | > brick, wood, drywall, plywood, concrete, metal, and acoustic
       | ceiling tiles is usually cheaper than Wi-Fi-penetrating materials
       | 
       | What are these alternative Wi-Fi-penetrating materials? And what
       | trade offs do they have? (Cost is mentioned, but there many
       | aspects other aspects to building materials besides cost and wi-
       | fi penetration.)
       | 
       | I'm thinking the author should start by not putting their wi-fi
       | router behind a metal plate.
        
         | engineer_22 wrote:
         | Glass... But then the author remembered that those who live in
         | glass houses...
        
       | matthewaveryusa wrote:
       | What we really need are architects that add chases throughout the
       | house so that you can add any matter of cable you want, be that
       | electrical, plumbing, cable, fiber or cat.
       | 
       | I have a chase in the middle of my house which used to be a
       | chimney for a now decommissioned oil burner. I have all matter of
       | cables going through there now, including, but not limited to two
       | cat cables that provide ethernet to my attic and second floor.
       | Not sure I would have been able to DIY it without that chase.
       | 
       | If each house had a couple of these chases that would provide a
       | ton of flexibility in terms of remodeling.
        
         | noja wrote:
         | An architect will optimise for liveable space. Whoever pays
         | them can choose less liveable space in exchange for a chase.
         | Most normal house purchasers won't go for it.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | A chase doesn't reduce living space, it may however
           | compromise sound deadening between rooms.
        
           | Vvector wrote:
           | Does an 8" chase have that much effect on livable space?
           | Would 2980 sqft vs 2979 sqft make any difference to most
           | buyers?
        
             | mlhpdx wrote:
             | No, but it would add to build time and cost. And generally
             | be one more thing to think about for the designer/builder
             | and we know how that goes.
        
           | somehnguy wrote:
           | Why would you need to prioritize one over the other?
           | Plumbing, electrical, etc already utilize the same spaces
           | inside of walls and floors. No reason this couldn't be done
           | the same way without cutting down the living area at all.
        
             | Nevermark wrote:
             | From a spacial perspective you are right, of course.
             | 
             | Perhaps the tradeoff is that for any given house price, the
             | time & money cost of planning and adding "hidden" features
             | that buyers seldom think to prioritize, has to be offset by
             | reductions in other value that buyers are more likely to
             | notice. But, not necessarily space.
        
           | mlhpdx wrote:
           | I think most residential homes in the US aren't the work of
           | architects these days, but designers. The difference being
           | credentials, not diligence/skill.
           | 
           | Either way I suspect they aren't optimizing for living space,
           | but salability and construction cost. That's what buyers will
           | actually use in decisions - ability to pay and perception of
           | quality/value.
        
         | mlhpdx wrote:
         | Yep. This kind of forethought is rare in home design, but
         | magical when present. It doesn't sell, though (not like the
         | latest color or cabinets do).
         | 
         | I put thought into long term maintenance and upgrades for my
         | current house and for the first few years got nothing from it.
         | As I've had to do repairs recently I've saved literally
         | thousands of dollars because the wires, pipes, conduits and
         | fittings are all easily accessible.
        
           | guhidalg wrote:
           | Similar thought with boats, you don't appreciate how valuable
           | maintenance ease is until YOU have to do it.
        
         | Someone1234 wrote:
         | How does this work with IBC/IFC building code requirements to
         | have a fire-stop between floors? Even assuming the conduit
         | itself is correctly rated, you need to seal the interior while
         | somehow still allowing future wiring to be added without the
         | need to remove a wall.
         | 
         | I guess my point is: You'll fail inspection unless you're
         | extremely careful. It isn't obvious how to add generic future
         | conduit without fire-stops being a huge PITA (since the same
         | thing stopping smoke/fire also stops you running cable).
         | 
         | Keep in mind new construction is held to a higher standard
         | (newer version of IBC/IFC) than grandfathering into existing
         | building.
        
           | sokka_h2otribe wrote:
           | Rockwool
        
             | Someone1234 wrote:
             | That won't pass inspection. Ignoring the fact that Rockwool
             | isn't certified as a conduit fire-stop, you also cannot
             | demonstrate its existence to a building inspector.
             | 
             | This is a hard/annoying problem to solve, "shove some
             | insulation in the pipe" isn't in the ballpark of what a
             | solution might look like.
        
           | jcrawfordor wrote:
           | There are plenty of easy to use commercial products for fire
           | rated, reworkable cable penetrations. Unfortunately they are
           | rather expensive so you'll want to minimize usage. There's
           | also foam and plaster products that meet latest codes but
           | they're not as friendly to rework (chip them out and
           | replace).
        
           | matthewaveryusa wrote:
           | I did what sokka mentioned. rockwool at both the top and
           | bottom. The chimney is still present so there's a cast iron
           | 4" pipe which is my conduit. When the previous owner
           | decomissioned the oil tank they chopped the top and bottom of
           | the chimney off and added caps at both ends and the roof was
           | patched. All the cables go all the way through to the attic
           | and I hit the second floor from the attic. Not sure it'll be
           | to the liking of all inspectors but to me it's reasonable.
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | absolutely.
         | 
         | when we had an electrician dig new chases to completely rewire
         | the electricity in my grandparents apartment in a century old
         | building, i asked him to add an additional pipe everywhere so
         | that i could wire ethernet as well. every room got at least one
         | or two, some more. the key thing was that even though we didn't
         | use most of those extra pipes, adding them barely cost more
         | than the material, because the work to dig the chases didn't
         | change.
        
         | babypuncher wrote:
         | At the very least there should be conduit between every room in
         | the house and the utility closet. Wi-Fi is a miracle of modern
         | engineering, but it will never truly be able to compete with
         | the speed and reliability afforded by a hard copper or fiber
         | optic interlink.
         | 
         | Higher density housing can be extra frustrating. My single
         | family home is in a community dense enough to require fireblock
         | in the walls on upper floors, and it has made running my own
         | ethernet an even bigger pain in the ass than usual.
        
         | mattferderer wrote:
         | I believe if you build with SIP (structured insulated panels)
         | you get these built in often -
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PfvjvDlVzLs
         | 
         | Saw an ICF house a decade ago where they did some thin channel
         | mounted on the wall & they ran everything through there instead
         | of cutting into the ICF. Can't remember how it worked with the
         | dry wall.
         | 
         | Would be nice to see interior walls built with such a thing.
        
         | dbcurtis wrote:
         | Yes, exactly this. Although, fire codes do create a requirement
         | here. You have to be sure not to create places where fire can
         | propagate. And please use plenum-rated cables (fire retardant
         | sheath). If you have punched holes in your old chimney in order
         | to pass cables in and out, I'd do a fire propagation audit and
         | mitigate any problems that you find.
         | 
         | 40 years ago, the U of Minnesota built a new Elec Engg
         | building. As I remember it, every single office for faculty and
         | grad students, as well as every lab, backed up to a secure
         | 6-foot wide hallway that was built specifically to be a cable
         | chase. Brilliant idea. Experimenting with a new technology was
         | a matter of changing out the access plate in the back wall of
         | the office, and rounding up someone with a key to the hallway.
        
         | ska wrote:
         | I've seen this done a couple of times, but somebody has to push
         | for it.
         | 
         | In standard suburban construction, this will never happen.
         | These developers will cheap out to save $15 on a ventilation
         | fan, they aren't going to run anything extra if people aren't
         | demanding it.
         | 
         | To a 1st approximation, nobody (in the buying public) knows or
         | cares.
        
       | rmckayfleming wrote:
       | I just bought a house this year, the previous owners lived in it
       | for about 2 years from brand new. Thankfully it has an ethernet
       | drop to every room upstairs, and in reasonable places on the main
       | floor. Far better than the situation at the last place I lived
       | in.
       | 
       | But annoyingly, it's all Cat5e! Sure, it's fine for gigabit, but
       | now that I have proper networking equipment, I wish they'd have
       | spent the extra few bucks and put in Cat6A or Cat7 so that I
       | could get 10Gbps to my office from the rack in the basement...
        
         | thfuran wrote:
         | Cat5e is rated for higher than 1gbps for lengths you're likely
         | to find in a home.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | If they didn't screw up too bad installing it (which is not a
         | given), you may be able to tie off a new cable to it and use
         | the existing cable as a pull.
        
       | vardump wrote:
       | If one wants anything more than 2.5g ethernet, one should just
       | install single mode fiber, nothing else.
       | 
       | Running 10g+ on copper is expensive and consumes too much
       | electricity.
        
       | chankstein38 wrote:
       | Does anyone else feel like 5G made this a lot worse? I used to
       | get strong 4G LTE at my house but now that I have a phone capable
       | of 5G and things around me have "upgraded" I can barely get a
       | useable signal inside my house. Similarly, my local walmart is a
       | deadzone now. Yay progress?
        
       | kbar13 wrote:
       | the overarching point behind the article hits but the specific
       | example the author used is something i'm personally jealous of.
       | ethernet going into every room? please i am stuck setting up
       | runners along baseboards and drilling through concrete to run
       | ethernet between floors...
        
       | CapstanRoller wrote:
       | Hasn't the USA collectively decided that houses are a luxury
       | good?
       | 
       | Forget "better internet" -- many of us can barely afford _any_
       | shelter, much less one that we can  'own'
        
         | 1letterunixname wrote:
         | Shelter is a luxury good. There are millions of homeless people
         | on the street, ignored while the talking heads claim the
         | economy is "better than ever".
        
       | 1letterunixname wrote:
       | Cat 8 wiring, patch panels, and racks.
       | 
       | My shittastic apartment has Cat 5 wiring to 4 plugs while I can
       | get 5 Gbps internet I can't use.
        
       | kabanossen wrote:
       | What we really need is Ambient Connectivity. Check out Bob
       | Frankston's (inventor of the spreadsheet) writings.
       | 
       | https://rmf.vc/ambientconnectivity
        
       | boilerupnc wrote:
       | While the discussion has been on wiring and ethernet, I would
       | argue making a digital twin scan for a new home construction
       | before dry-wall goes up is one of the best small money
       | investments I made for the ongoing upkeep of my home. No argument
       | on all smart future proofing ideas for new construction
       | (redundant wire drops, chase pull-wire pipes in 2-3 parts of the
       | house, pre-wiring roof soffets for cameras, etc ...), but it has
       | been priceless to be able to show service folks for big and small
       | jobs ... an X-RAY of my home's studs, wiring and plumbing. I've
       | been able to avert mistakes (protective plate for gas line
       | sitting behind here), plan with the right assumptions (didn't
       | realize there was a horizontal support board between those studs)
       | and visualize possible remodel options (that exhaust duct could
       | easily be re-routed to go out this wall instead). While digital
       | twin scans are more and more common in commercial facility
       | locations to document equipment for repair and insurance purposes
       | - it's amazing to me that this still has not caught on with
       | residential builders as a nice upsell option for trivial
       | effort/cost. The digital twin should live with the deed and be
       | handed over when the house changes owners. Every friend and
       | service person I've shown it to - has commented - "wish I had
       | that for my house".
        
         | toomuchtodo wrote:
         | I would love to hear more about how you did this digital twin
         | scan. Agree it should live with the deed along with a survey,
         | makes life easier for everyone. Planting trees whose shade you
         | may not sit in.
         | 
         | (scholar of building sciences)
        
         | zbrozek wrote:
         | Please say more about what service you bought and what data
         | product you got. I would be interested in doing the same.
        
           | boilerupnc wrote:
           | Replying to all 3 comments ... I considered a couple of
           | options.
           | 
           | Option 1: I chose this path. I used this company [0] for
           | convenience. They were easy to get a quick quote and found a
           | person local to my area (I'm located in the mid-Atlantic) to
           | do the scan. For < 4000 sqf homes - it takes about 3 - 3.5
           | hours to fully scan. Cost is dependent on size of area
           | scanned and was in the 3 digit range. Post-pandemic, I
           | suspect with a bit of hunting on gig websites, you can
           | probably find local 3-d scanners who usually are hired by
           | realtors for home-sale scans - but are equally willing to do
           | other scan jobs as well. Many of them use Matterport
           | equipment and from my small anecdote sample - scanning was a
           | hobby which then got turbocharged into fun gig work by the
           | realty virtual tour boom during the pandemic. They own the
           | equipment ... and do scans for some side money.
           | 
           | Option 2: Buy the scanner camera equipment and DIY.[1]
           | 
           | At the end, I received a matterport model that was
           | transferred to my free hosted account - limited to 1 model.
           | While I have no need for more than 1, I did want to archive a
           | backup of my model locally for safe-keeping. This project
           | pointed me in the right direction [2]
           | 
           | Closing thoughts. I love being able to travel back in time
           | through a 3-d render of my home when it was still just the
           | skeleton. There needs to be better ways to achieve archiving
           | of the model - given its value in terms of cost to acquire
           | and security. While I didn't appreciate it at the time, using
           | the model for quick virtual measurements of areas within
           | rooms has also been handy when looking at furniture and rugs.
           | If I forgot to measure before going, I can pull it up on my
           | laptop and get a quick ballpark measure within the house. I'm
           | thinking of doing another scan after I'm fully settled in ...
           | to easily capture and annotate my stuff for insurance
           | purposes.
           | 
           | [0] https://virtualspace.global/
           | 
           | [1] https://matterport.com/
           | 
           | [2] https://github.com/rebane2001/matterport-dl
        
         | keehun wrote:
         | Along with the other commenters, I'd be interested to know what
         | you used. When I built my home, I took hundreds of photos of
         | all wall and ceiling surfaces. I then later annotated those
         | photo file names to the right places on the
         | blueprint/schematics. Now I look up the photo file name from
         | the schematic and pull up the right photo.
         | 
         | I would love to be able to just "walk through" and look around
         | in 3D my house before the insulation & drywall went up. I
         | wouldn't want to pay for those 3D house tours that realtors are
         | using now if I built another house and wanted to do something
         | similar.
        
           | HackeNewsFan234 wrote:
           | For my house, I bought one of those 360 cameras, Rico Theta
           | something, it is about 3 years old, and took pics through out
           | the remodel. There is free software to set those up like a 3D
           | house tour, although not as flashy. I did that a few
           | different points in time, but having the pics annotated to be
           | searchable by room name or "wiring" or "duct" is more
           | helpful.
           | 
           | The 360 camera was hugely helpful because I could take one
           | picture of a room instead of 5-15. I could walk through 3K
           | square feet and take pics of everything in about 15 minutes.
        
         | sokoloff wrote:
         | We did an analog tech version of that with a VHS camcorder on
         | my parents' house.
         | 
         | The only time we had to use it, we had both an inside and
         | outside view that _just missed_ the one key place we were about
         | to work on. :)
         | 
         | It was good enough to still be helpful (we were able to guess
         | based on the likely path of the NM-B ("Romex") in the spots we
         | could see), but it was amusing how we missed the key spot by
         | inches twice.
        
       | unethical_ban wrote:
       | >The Information Technology and Innovation Foundation (ITIF)
       | noted in a recent blog post that if the US were to focus a
       | significant chunk of its efforts on creating a better digital
       | infrastructure instead of "fixing" our physical infrastructure,
       | it would result in "superior longer-term economic growth,
       | competitiveness, national security, and environmental benefits."
       | 
       | Presumptive industry lobby says to spend money on what they make
       | money on.
       | 
       | I don't like the phrasing that we need to make better wifi
       | signals in a home "instead" of replacing lead pipes or repairing
       | bridges.
       | 
       | But yes, I wish homes were a bit more repairable, with chases as
       | another commenter calls them. Currently in my apartment, I have
       | an Ethernet cable running along 60ft of baseboard to wire my
       | desktop to the router, with WiFi for the rest of the place.
       | 
       | (This is the time of year where I think of my idea that fridges
       | and freezers should be built to draw in outside air, for climates
       | where ambient is cold enough for fridges without additional
       | processing).
        
       | puchatek wrote:
       | Can someone explain the appeal of 1GB Internet?
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | Yes.
         | 
         | Not having to think about the speed of your internet.
        
       | bradley13 wrote:
       | To set the stage: European houses are different from US houses.
       | Smaller, also a lot more concrete, brick and rebar.
       | 
       | With that in mind, when we built our house a few years ago, I
       | went for a combination of wired and wireless. Heavy users, like
       | the television and the PCs in the office have dedicated cables.
       | But running cables everywhere just didn't make sense - so most
       | devices are expected to live on the WLAN. Since WLAN doesn't
       | penetrate between floors, there is a central plug on each floor
       | for an access point (or mesh satellite).
        
       | busterarm wrote:
       | Housing developers are really bad at doing large scale low-
       | voltage work.
       | 
       | I used to work for an ISP here in the southeastern US and there
       | were entire neighborhoods that had permanently shitty service
       | because the housing developer decided to do the wiring on their
       | own for the extra profits and did a terrible job of it.
       | 
       | Then the individual communities never want to pay to have the
       | work redone properly -- they think the ISP should eat the bill,
       | even though we gave the developers the opportunity to do it right
       | the first time. Doing hundreds of reworks of the last mile of
       | service at once is expensive.
       | 
       | Often we would come to some arrangement and heavily discount the
       | wiring work down to like $30k from the community in exchange for
       | exclusive contracts. The communities that wouldn't spend a dime
       | were just permanently SOL.
        
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