[HN Gopher] I'm building a self-destructing USB drive (2022)
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       I'm building a self-destructing USB drive (2022)
        
       Author : thunderbong
       Score  : 42 points
       Date   : 2023-12-06 09:33 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (interruptlabs.ca)
 (TXT) w3m dump (interruptlabs.ca)
        
       | dang wrote:
       | The submitted URL was https://github.com/o7-machinehum/ovrdrive,
       | but it looks like the blog posts have more information, so we
       | changed to the first of those.
       | 
       | Part 2 is https://interruptlabs.ca/2022/08/31/I-m-Building-a-
       | Self-Dest... and was discussed a year ago here:
       | 
       |  _I 'm Building a Self-Destructing USB Drive Part 2_ -
       | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=32900787 - Sept 2022 (51
       | comments)
        
       | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
       | > A finger is around 1.5MO, but wet fingers are around 500kO.
       | When the device boots, the drive will appear blank if the
       | resistance between the electrode pair is higher than a threshold.
       | It's not the prettiest system, but I think it strikes a nice
       | balance of ridiculousness and functionality. The germaphobes
       | among us can run their fingers under the tap.
       | 
       | This may backfire for the hacker.
       | 
       | Authority: Give me the drive
       | 
       | Hacker: Ok. (hands drive)
       | 
       | Authority takes with dry hands and tries it. It doesn't work.
       | 
       | Authority gets upset and starts beating the person.
       | 
       | Authority works up a sweat during the beating
       | 
       | Authority tries drive again - it works
       | 
       | Authority concludes that Hacker's drive only works if Hacker is
       | beaten.
        
         | jvm___ wrote:
         | https://xkcd.com/538/
        
           | 0xdeadbeefbabe wrote:
           | $5 for a wrench really dates that joke
        
             | binarymax wrote:
             | https://www.harborfreight.com/hand-
             | tools/wrenches/adjustable...
             | 
             | Granted it's only 6" long, but hey it's a $5 wrench.
        
               | RcouF1uZ4gsC wrote:
               | You know what they say about "it's not the size of the
               | tool, it's the skill of the interrogator."
        
               | philomath_mn wrote:
               | Everyone knows that the Snap-on wrench delivers a better
               | beat-down.
        
             | ace2358 wrote:
             | Even the alt text on that comic agrees that $5 for a wrench
             | is possible impossibly low
        
       | datadrivenangel wrote:
       | Would be better to have a false volume that contains boring but
       | realistic files without the correct password or trick to unlock.
        
         | oigursh wrote:
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rubberhose_(file_system)
        
           | mike_hock wrote:
           | Unfortunately, it doesn't protect against Rubberhose
           | cryptanalysis.
        
         | waynesonfire wrote:
         | Veracrypt supports this, called hidden volume.
        
         | rblatz wrote:
         | I was thinking along the lines of setting the highest bit on
         | the address line to either 1 or 0 based on the resistance, and
         | programming the device to report half the capacity of the nand
         | chip.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | What if a banana republic journalist suddenly trying to stop the
       | rogue official from deploying a suitcase nuke... has sweaty hands
       | from the stress, while racing to access the USB flash drive with
       | the documents that would locate the nuke in time?
        
         | HideousKojima wrote:
         | I dunno man, but I can think of at least two whole scenarios
         | more likely than your hypothetical
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | I don't need self-destructing USB drive, but a USB flash stick
       | with a _hard write-protect switch_ (that can 't be overridden by
       | the USB host) would be great for purposes like immutable
       | installation and boot media.
       | 
       | (Also, like any USB device should, but even more here, you have
       | to ensure that the device controller can't be modified by the USB
       | host.)
        
         | oconnore wrote:
         | That would be very useful. We sadly stopped innovating on
         | optical media, but haven't really made the alternatives usable
         | as a replacement. You used to have CDs / DVDs that were:
         | 
         | 1. Completely immutable
         | 
         | 2. Could not be maliciously altered by the reader
         | 
         | 3. Could not masquerade as a keyboard or a mouse
        
           | ace2358 wrote:
           | I miss physical media, optical or magnetic. Or something
           | new!! Flash drivers are just computers these days.
        
           | Syonyk wrote:
           | You still do. I can't be the only person who burns install
           | DVDs, finalized, verifies the hash on a few different
           | systems, and then keeps them in a safe place for possible
           | future use...
           | 
           | I've got some external USB readers/burners that excel for
           | exactly this sort of thing, and just about anything that will
           | run a modern OS will boot from them.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | You're not the only one. I still do this, and use CDs/DVDs
             | for all sorts of other longer-term storage as well. I'm
             | unaware of any other media that works well for those sorts
             | of use cases.
        
               | superb_dev wrote:
               | What is the shelf life of a modern CD/DVD? I might
               | consider using them more
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | At room temperature, about 25 years -- but there are a
               | lot of variables that can affect this in both directions.
               | 
               | https://www.clir.org/pubs/reports/pub121/sec4/
        
               | dml2135 wrote:
               | Maybe for commercial-grade optical media, but last time I
               | burned a lot of consumer media , I found a decent amount
               | of failures even just a few years out.
               | 
               | Admittedly this was almost 20 years ago at this point so
               | maybe some things have improved since then but my
               | understanding is that consumer media uses a different,
               | ink-based technology to write data to disk, and that ink
               | can degrade pretty quickly. This is in contrast to
               | commercial optical media in which the data is stamped
               | into the disk in a manner more akin to a vinyl record.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | All CD-Rs use a dye layer, yes. The life expectancy the
               | link I provided is talking about is for writeable media,
               | not for read-only media that is stamped.
               | 
               | Some forms of writeable disc media don't use dyes and can
               | last for over 100 years. Check out the link.
               | 
               | But, to your point, one of the variables that affect
               | longevity is the quality of the manufacturing. If you're
               | buying the least expensive media you can find, then the
               | lifespan is indeed shorter. For my cheapo CD-Rs, I've
               | found that they last 5-10 years. You can also make them
               | last longer by storing them in better conditions
               | (vertically, not laying flat, in an airtight container in
               | the freezer).
               | 
               | I tend to go with cheap media, so my personal habit is to
               | burn new copies of my storage discs every 5 years.
        
               | jstarfish wrote:
               | Yeah they sell archival-grade CD-Rs. CD-RWs are way more
               | unstable; would not recommend.
               | 
               | One variable I'm recently able to validate (wow, 20 years
               | later!) is write speed. Discs written (for archival) at
               | slower speeds still work. Discs I wrote as fast as
               | possible on my way out the door have mostly failed by
               | now.
        
               | dml2135 wrote:
               | Ah interesting, I will check it out. Yea I was definitely
               | buying relatively-cheap media back in the day -- I
               | remember getting large spindles of Verbatim DVD-Rs for
               | about $1/disc.
        
               | waynesonfire wrote:
               | They make archival grade dvds, I just got some,
               | 
               | Verbatim DVD-R UltraLife Gold Archival Grade 95355
        
             | oconnore wrote:
             | I still use BluRays, but the cost/GB has not kept up with
             | everything else.
        
               | waynesonfire wrote:
               | Really? What alternative is there for archival quality
               | backups with better $/gb?
        
               | NavinF wrote:
               | https://diskprices.com/
               | 
               | Of course you need Reed Solomon across drives (Eg raidz)
               | regardless of media
        
           | mike_hock wrote:
           | > Completely immutable
           | 
           | Wouldn't the laser of a CD/DVD writer be powerful enough to
           | alter the data after the fact? Not to overwrite it with
           | completely arbitrary data, but flipping a few well-chosen
           | bits should in principle be able to create a backdoor that
           | wasn't there before (if it's a live or install disk, for
           | example).
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | You can change things, yes, but not in a way that keeps the
             | disc usable.
             | 
             | The issue here is that you can't "unburn" a bit that has
             | been burned. Since you burn 0s, not 1s, all you can do is
             | make more bits 0 -- which would then be corrected by the
             | error correction mechanism. You could alter the EC codes,
             | but that would render them useless and eliminate the
             | ability to correct errors, causing the data to be
             | unreadable by a normal drive due to EC failure.
             | 
             | So, in practice, they're pretty safe. The worst thing that
             | an attacker could do is to render the media unusable.
        
               | calamari4065 wrote:
               | That's not _completely_ true either. I used to use some
               | sketchy utility back in the day that could mark one
               | recording session as inaccessible and let you add data to
               | any remaining space on the disc. You would only see the
               | new session. Hypothetically you can also manipulate the
               | file table to make it look exactly like the real thing.
               | 
               | I don't remember if it required the disc to be un-
               | finalized or not. It probably did.
               | 
               | But this is really an edge case
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | True, I was assuming the disc wasn't written as a multi-
               | session one (most people never use multi-session). Multi-
               | session discs are a bit different. But, afaik, if the
               | disc has been finalized then the result is as "immutable"
               | as a non-multisession one. I'm not completely certain
               | about that, though.
        
         | 1970-01-01 wrote:
         | Have it, love it: https://www.kanguru.com/products/kanguru-
         | flashblu30-usb3-fla...
        
           | neilv wrote:
           | Cool. Any idea how well-secured that one is, for use with USB
           | hosts that potentially have adversary tech active on them?
           | 
           | (Threats to modify data on the drive or the code of its
           | controller; not concerned with threats that fry the device
           | with power.)
        
             | 1970-01-01 wrote:
             | It will work just fine for this. You can superglue the
             | switch if you need to keep it read only.
        
               | Luc wrote:
               | But is the switch just an input that is read by the
               | software on the device, or does it actually interrupt
               | e.g. a data line, making it impossible for even hacked
               | software on the USB device to write to memory?
               | 
               | I can't really find a conclusive answer.
        
               | 1970-01-01 wrote:
               | It physically switches some circuit to disable the
               | ability for data to be written onto the device. Why not
               | contact them and get the details?
        
               | Luc wrote:
               | I was just attempting to restate neilv's question in a
               | different way. If you don't know that's fine.
        
               | neilv wrote:
               | Thanks, I should've been more clear.
               | 
               | Maybe someone can put in an epic weekend, to determine
               | technical and market and logistics feasibility for a
               | trustworthy USB flash drive product, in time to apply for
               | the YC W24 extended deadline. From there, maybe
               | Kickstarter to enthusiasts to fund the Mk. I
               | manufacturing run. With Mk. I for experience and
               | credibility, do enterprise marketing&sales, and/or SBIR
               | to develop solution for possible sale to Federal gov't
               | and contractors. :)
        
         | sowbug wrote:
         | Not exactly what you describe, but for the installation and
         | boot use cases you're describing, have you tried Ventoy? It's
         | still all software, but it's an extra layer of protection
         | against the disk images being modified.
        
           | mike_hock wrote:
           | It's exactly zero protection against anything being modified,
           | including the chainloader itself.
        
         | wolpoli wrote:
         | SD Cards do have a write protect switch. Does anyone know if
         | that's enforced on the card itself?
        
           | anonymousiam wrote:
           | It's not enforced by the card. It's just a plastic tab that
           | slides so as to tell the reader that the card should not be
           | written. There is nothing to stop a malicious reader from
           | writing to a write-protected card.
        
             | IAmLiterallyAB wrote:
             | Wow really? That's annoying. Why go to all the trouble to
             | add the switch if they won't implement it correctly
        
               | AussieWog93 wrote:
               | Because engineering consumer media to be robust to a
               | Stuxnet-level attack vector is ridiculous?
               | 
               | The switch as-is prevents the file system from becoming
               | corrupt when you don't "safely remove" the device, and
               | that's plenty enough for the average photographer.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | I think the purpose of the switch is the same as the
               | write-protect notches on old floppy disks: it's not
               | really a security measure, it's meant to prevent the
               | owner from accidentally formatting/erasing/overwriting
               | things.
        
             | calamari4065 wrote:
             | No, it is electrically connected, but only to the
             | connector. That's why one of the edge contacts is split in
             | two. It's still up to the host to enforce.
        
       | toss1 wrote:
       | Clever , but seems insufficient protection on which to bet one's
       | life.
       | 
       | At a minimum, there should be an always-available partition to
       | contain plausibly-deniable files. Just having an empty USB drive
       | is already suspicious, especially in any stressful situation (why
       | would anyone go to the trouble of carrying something empty?)
       | 
       | The decoy partition should report full capacity even tho it may
       | be small (just like the bogus "large" Chinese knock-off drives
       | that report huge available space but are actually only small
       | memory chips that will fail only when you actually try to load it
       | fully).
       | 
       | Should probably also ship them with a wide variety of bogus off-
       | brand labels. If some authorities figure it out, we don't want
       | bulletins to look for one particular marking set to work.
        
       | anonymousiam wrote:
       | Using skin resistance is not a fool-proof method. The resistance
       | of wet fingers can vary widely from person to person. Mine has
       | always been lower than most others that I've measured, and my dry
       | measurement is well below the 500KO threshold described.
        
       | Kwpolska wrote:
       | How is "files not visible unless you lick your fingers" a "self-
       | destructing USB drive"?
        
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