[HN Gopher] Undercover in Saudi Arabia's secretive program to ke...
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       Undercover in Saudi Arabia's secretive program to keep the world
       burning oil
        
       Author : mediumdeviation
       Score  : 117 points
       Date   : 2023-11-28 19:14 UTC (3 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (climate-reporting.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (climate-reporting.org)
        
       | TheBigRoomXXL wrote:
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20231128161007/https://www.nytim...
        
       | complex_exp wrote:
       | It would be very strange if they didn't try things like these.
       | It's actually a pretty competent government that knows how to
       | look for itself, the very fact that Salafism hasn't yet destroyed
       | them (the Saudi Family) is a massive achievement of its own, not
       | to mention the quite effective OPEC+ cartel.
       | 
       | That being said this will be decided by whichever technology is
       | cheaper (including things like the risk premia of being
       | potentially cut off from supplies), regardless of agitation
       | either way. Unless somehow, magically, we can force everyone to
       | pay up for their share of damage caused by temperature change -
       | which is extremely far away from being realizable. UN Security
       | Council cannot agree on much more obvious things, like deciding
       | in specific cases that bombing civilians is actually illegal.
        
         | saiya-jin wrote:
         | Indeed, people get often surprised that other people,
         | corporations or nation states act in their own self-interests
         | and don't exist in some hippie paradise... like when it suits
         | them they would like to live in such star trek communism, apart
         | from those pesky purges and enslaving everyone to ensure
         | 'homogeneity' and at least an illusion or working society.
         | 
         | I went through failure of one such system in Eastern Europe and
         | saw first hand how it destroys so much we consider granted in
         | one's life and in lives of your closest ones. Those western
         | kids supporting communism and its variants - shame on you, you
         | have no clue about real world and life and you literally do an
         | insult to (tens of if not hundreds of) millions of dead
         | communism victims and its twisted ideologies.
         | 
         | Sorry to get carried away a bit since this is something
         | personal for all those affected.
        
           | yetanotherloser wrote:
           | I regret that I have but one upvote to give your post.
        
           | FirmwareBurner wrote:
           | You had me in the first half, but what does the topic have to
           | do with communism and western kids supporting it?
        
           | cjblomqvist wrote:
           | There is a grey scale. It doesn't need to be either or.
        
         | danans wrote:
         | I think that the point is that it reveals that Saudi's
         | renewable energy initiatives [1] are just green-washing. The
         | undercover reporting reveals clearly that their singular
         | objective is increasing and prolonging demand for oil and
         | natural gas.
         | 
         | 1. https://powersaudiarabia.com.sa/web/index.html
        
           | The_Colonel wrote:
           | Why can't they earnestly pursue both?
           | 
           | I mean, they might have realized that oil will _eventually_
           | stop making current levels of profits, and thus they want to
           | diversify.
           | 
           | But that doesn't mean they don't want to postpone this moment
           | as far as possible into the future.
        
             | SamBam wrote:
             | Because "greenwashing" refers to the Saudi's attempts to
             | say that what they're doing is for ecological, climate
             | reasons.
             | 
             | You're right, they _are_ earnestly pursuing both, for
             | exactly the reasons you describe: pure profit.
             | 
             | But Saudi Arabia has implied that they are pursuing green
             | tech for environmental reasons, which is absolutely
             | antithetical to the stance of "let's burn every single drop
             | of oil we can before it stops being profitable."
        
             | barryrandall wrote:
             | They might be earnestly pursuing both, but actively
             | worsening the problem undermines their credibility in
             | conversations about solutions.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > the very fact that Salafism hasn't yet destroyed them
         | 
         | Why would it? My understanding is that royal family promotes
         | this particular brand of religion because it helps them
         | maintain social control. It also makes it harder to infiltrate
         | their country with external influences.
        
       | goodSteveramos wrote:
       | I don't understand why the Saudis aren't spending their billions
       | to develop synthetic fuels and direct air capture. Their
       | cloudless desert is a great place to put solar panels to power
       | synthetic fuel plants and they already have the refineries and
       | shipping facilities to distribute carbon neutral fuels.
        
         | SeanAnderson wrote:
         | I have to assume they're doing both at the same time with how
         | much money they've got to burn.
         | 
         | https://www.cnbc.com/2023/10/09/aramco-siemens-energy-launch...
         | 
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-10-25/aramco-pl...
        
         | culi wrote:
         | They plan to produce synthetic fuel by 2025
         | 
         | https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2023-10-25/aramco-pl...
         | 
         | It's also spending $270 billion by 2030 on low-carbon energy
         | initiatives
         | 
         | https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/Saudi-Ara...
         | 
         | Edit: typo. billion, not trillion
        
           | tikkun wrote:
           | > It's also spending $270 trillion by 2030 on low-carbon
           | energy initiatives
           | 
           | Article says $270 billion, not trillion
        
             | culi wrote:
             | Woops, typo. Thanks. Edited
        
         | thrawa8387336 wrote:
         | Some people do understand, there are no surprises. I assume you
         | are American educated
        
         | pengaru wrote:
         | We're talking about a nation that burns unrefined crude oil for
         | power generation:
         | 
         | https://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/Saudi-Ara...
         | 
         | Several years ago an acquaintance who worked in the oil
         | industry joked about how he was saving the planet by taking a
         | job in Saudi Arabia to develop their nonexistent fracking
         | industry. He said the long-term effect would be helping them
         | stop burning crude for their electricity needs, by pivoting to
         | natural gas.
        
           | sidewndr46 wrote:
           | I learned of this several years ago and thought it was a
           | joke. But no, apparently this is a real thing. There is a
           | whole industrial science around preventing the turbines from
           | getting gummed up from the fact that raw crude is burned in
           | them.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > Their cloudless desert is a great place to put solar panels
         | 
         | Extremely high temperatures reduce efficiency. Extremely low
         | temperatures at night mean high stress from thermal cycling.
         | The desert is full of dust which reduces efficiency.
         | 
         | Finally, the desert is not just a mass of sand, it's a full on
         | ecosystem that experiences impacts from laying large farms on
         | top of it.
        
           | tensor wrote:
           | Sounds like it would be good for solar thermal plants then.
           | Also, burning fossil fuels will destroy a much larger
           | ecosystem: earth. I think we can compromise a bit here.
           | Besides, how many plants would really be needed to disturb
           | the desert eco system? It's a fairly large area.
        
           | fredgrott wrote:
           | To put it another way sand is not a good PCM material for
           | example in green houses they use calcium chloride and sodium
           | sulfate decahydrate to absorb heat during day and then give
           | off that stored heat at night.
           | 
           | Sand is operating in reverse as it absorbing heat near
           | freezing and releasing it as temps get above freezing...
           | 
           | Sorry I did have quite a bit of physics once upon a time..
        
           | monkeydreams wrote:
           | I was with you 100% until this point:
           | 
           | > it's a full on ecosystem that experiences impacts from
           | laying large farms on top of it.
           | 
           | You think that the Saudi government, with the extremist
           | clerics holding a knife to their throats, their citizenry on
           | life-long unemployment welfare, with their drive to continue
           | to make climate change worse, who spill oil on the sand and
           | billow smoke into their skies, give one tiny iota of a shit
           | about a delicate desert ecosystem?
        
         | credit_guy wrote:
         | They could do even better than that: they could plant trees.
         | They could build natural gas power plants that would provide
         | the electricity to desalinate water and pump it to the desert,
         | and create artificial oases. I didn't run the numbers, but I'm
         | quite sure that would be carbon negative by a wide margin. This
         | way they continue doing what they know best (extract fossil
         | fuels from the ground) and also beautify their landscape, and
         | help humanity, and maybe even collect some carbon credits from
         | the rest of the world.
        
           | alephnerd wrote:
           | > build natural gas power plants that would provide the
           | electricity to desalinate water
           | 
           | They are (with solar). Look at the Al Khafji Plant in Saudi's
           | Vision 2030 [0]
           | 
           | It takes time to build this stuff. The old guard was much
           | more pro-oil and status quo than MBS, and he only finished
           | purging them by 2018-19. It'll take a decade for their
           | projects to start popping up.
           | 
           | [0] - https://www.vision2030.gov.sa/en/projects/alkhafji/
        
         | alephnerd wrote:
         | > aren't spending their billions to develop synthetic fuels and
         | direct air capture
         | 
         | They are late in the PE/VC game.
         | 
         | Abu Dhabi - the Emirates they controls the UAE - has been very
         | active in investing in Hydrogen Energy and Solar, which makes
         | more sense in an industrial setting.
         | 
         | They've been very active in investing billions in Hydrogen tech
         | in India via Tata Power, Reliance, and Adani in conjunction
         | with Japanese companies [0][1][2]
         | 
         | Saudi only started dipping their toes in the space after MBZ
         | took MBS under his wing and mentored him about the Abu Dhabi
         | way [3]
         | 
         | [0] - https://www.rechargenews.com/energy-transition/finance-
         | giant...
         | 
         | [1] - https://www.offshore-energy.biz/uae-and-india-to-
         | collaborate...
         | 
         | [2] -
         | https://www.forbes.com/sites/simranvaswani/2022/04/11/adani-...
         | 
         | [3] - https://www.wsj.com/articles/frenemies-saudi-crown-
         | prince-mb...
        
       | danans wrote:
       | Channel 4 (UK) did a TV report of this a few days ago (based on
       | the same underlying reporting):
       | https://youtu.be/AzSq9jhhrq4?si=JDbIdBkJNEpj0RgF
        
       | gyrate wrote:
       | Oil is not enough. We must increase the diversity of things we
       | burn.
        
       | 410ForLunch wrote:
       | Not Surprising they would want to increase demand. Something I've
       | always told people, is that OPEC countries have done more for the
       | environment than any social movement or technology has. By
       | restricting supply (to get higher prices) they have managed to
       | prevent more co2 emissions than anything else can.
       | 
       | If you let a "free market" set oil prices for the past 60+ years
       | instead of OPEC, then I'm sure the world would be a whole 1
       | degree warmer by now.
        
       | abraae wrote:
       | In some more perfect world, these oil producers would embrace a
       | carbon tax.
       | 
       | Ultimately a carbon tax must make its way to fall onto the people
       | that get the fossil fuels out of the ground. Those extractors can
       | then pass it on to their customers, so it is neutral to them,
       | except for the reduction in demand. However paying that tax frees
       | them from the status of being the evil cabal that is destroying
       | the planet.
       | 
       | A carbon tax also fits well into the capitalist, "don't tell me
       | what to do" self-indulgent society we live in. Want to drive your
       | giant diesel-chugging boat out to try and catch a fish? Sure, go
       | ahead, just pay the tax when you fuel up. Then enjoy yourself,
       | and tell your tree hugging buddies that you've done your bit for
       | the environment, as the carbon tax has gone to offset your
       | damage.
        
         | glitchc wrote:
         | The carbon tax doesn't seem to work for Canada. Why would it
         | work elsewhere?
        
           | thrawa8387336 wrote:
           | You should not miss Bloomberg's Matt Levine's column on the
           | biggest carbon offset project in Africa. Absolute failure
        
           | makeworld wrote:
           | Source on it not working in Canada?
        
             | wintogreen74 wrote:
             | political: the Libs just pulled it off home heating oil for
             | 3 years in Atlantic Canada, the most polluting fossil fuel
             | we use in an area that happens to be at risk of switching
             | to the opposition
             | 
             | economic: This far in we haven't made any measurable
             | progress against carbon goals, but the feds have captured
             | billions in taxes. It's been spent on political programs to
             | selectively buy voters. BC has the highest carbon tax in
             | the country and emissions have increased 10% over the past
             | 3 years, and 5 of the last 7.
        
         | thrawa8387336 wrote:
         | You might want to look into Gnosticism, they had similar ideas
         | about the state of the world.
        
         | zlg_codes wrote:
         | The problem here is money doesn't make air cleaner or restore a
         | polluted river, etc.
        
           | cjblomqvist wrote:
           | It can. If you spend it on planting trees that capture CO2
           | for example.
        
           | abraae wrote:
           | I must be missing the point, money is very useful for both
           | those things.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | Under what circumstance would Russia or Iran ever agree to a
         | carbon tax for fossil fuel extraction? Most of the extraction
         | is done by government owned firms, so who would they even pay
         | the tax to? It would be like taking money out of one pocket and
         | putting it into another.
        
         | estebank wrote:
         | > A carbon tax also fits well into the capitalist, "don't tell
         | me what to do" self-indulgent society we live in.
         | 
         | Seeing how people bitch and moan about the price of gas every
         | time it goes up (even when it was cheaper than it was a year
         | prior), and how it has sparked multiple revolts around the
         | world, like the yellow vests in France, I wouldnt hold my
         | breath that people will happily accept taxing gas in accordance
         | to its externalities, regardless of whether it is the right
         | thing to do.
        
       | ptdorf wrote:
       | > "There's a fundamental policy aim, which is to burn and exploit
       | all Saudi's oil reserves until the last drop"
       | 
       | If this is true, this sounds to me very shortsighted.
       | 
       | Our modern society will _always_ require oil as the foundation
       | for a thriving chemical industry. Digging and burning it all up
       | means when its scarcity and price increases SA has nothing to
       | sell.
       | 
       | Norway does it better. This are blocked extraction in the
       | touristic Lofoten islands. If they really need it then can decide
       | otherwise, with less disruptive tech in the future.
        
         | nradov wrote:
         | In theory with enough energy (like from nuclear power) it's
         | possible to synthesize hydrocarbons to use as chemical
         | feedstock. But regardless of policies around extraction and
         | burning, Saudi Arabia will never literally run out of
         | petroleum. It will just get progressively more expensive.
        
           | RetroTechie wrote:
           | > But regardless of policies around extraction and burning,
           | Saudi Arabia will never literally run out of petroleum. It
           | will just get progressively more expensive.
           | 
           | Not even that: higher prices work as incentive to develop
           | alternatives. True for oil as energy source (renewables),
           | fuel (synthetic fuels, H2 etc) and chemical feedstock (eg.
           | bio-based polymers).
           | 
           | Alternatives will then develop to the point that oil simply
           | isn't attractive any more. Or that a price at which it would
           | be (to buyers), is below the cost of extraction. Perhaps
           | leaving some niche applications, but demand will drop
           | overall.
           | 
           | In short: it's a matter of time before production of (fossil)
           | oil becomes unprofitable outside those niche applications.
           | Heck, if environmental damage were included in the cost, it
           | already is (ehm.. has been for a long time).
           | 
           | So there will be a "peak oil profits". Probably around the
           | same time as peak oil - which may already have passed.
        
       | robotnikman wrote:
       | They probably also undermine any plans by other countries to pump
       | their own oil if its available.
       | 
       | I wish it was different, but we are still a ways off from being
       | independent on oil.
        
       | CrzyLngPwd wrote:
       | No nation is taking this climate stuff seriously.
       | 
       | Why point the finger there when we could all look in the mirror
       | and point instead?
       | 
       | Pfft, it's not like the US oil companies have lobbied for
       | subsidies and to quash the whole climate issue for decades whilst
       | breaking ground on new fossil fuel sources, lol.
        
         | yencabulator wrote:
         | Whataboutism is not helpful. More than one party can be doing
         | wrong.
        
       | TanguyN wrote:
       | The comments here are concerning, I don't see any clear
       | condemnation of Saudi Arabia's actions. It is pretty clear by now
       | that keeping pumping CO2 in the atmosphere will have dire effects
       | for all of us, yet according to this article, they are pursuing
       | the opposite goal, in the name of profit. This is a long-term
       | plan to push a whole continent toward more pollution, for god's
       | sake!
       | 
       | That other countries are not any more concerned is not a reason
       | to excuse them. It should rather inspire us to do better. I don't
       | know if there's a way to live without oil, and I understand that
       | countries may want to keep their privileged position. Yet I feel
       | disgusted by this behavior. This is irresponsible.
       | 
       | (not a native speaker so sorry for any errors)
        
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