[HN Gopher] Beg Bounties (2021)
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Beg Bounties (2021)
        
       Author : eiiot
       Score  : 269 points
       Date   : 2023-11-13 01:39 UTC (21 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.troyhunt.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.troyhunt.com)
        
       | Waterluvian wrote:
       | I'm less upset about people begging for bounties than I am
       | learning that leaking children's voice recordings isn't an
       | instant deathblow to a company.
        
         | thaumasiotes wrote:
         | Why would it be? Say you film your kid's birthday party and put
         | it up on youtube. You just leaked voice recordings of a lot of
         | other children. What's the harm supposed to be?
        
           | Frivolous9421 wrote:
           | Feel like recording intimate moments like that should just
           | about be a crime at this point. Sick of every dicknose with
           | an iPhone trying to "remember" a group dinner
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | Before we make it a crime, should we have a theory of the
             | harm it inflicts?
        
               | Frivolous9421 wrote:
               | Face recognition. In terms of govt scale intelligence,
               | and increasingly just plain OSINT. Not everyone is as
               | tight with their pictures as you are, they probably auto
               | upload them on Google Photos or Dropbox or something. You
               | are now irreversibly linked to everyone else in that
               | photo who probably has social media profiles, public
               | contact emails, show up on people search websites etc. I
               | don't want to cause problems for you just because someone
               | wants to blackmail me. I also don't want you to tell
               | people where I live because someone broke into your house
               | and is removing your toenails with a pair of pliers.
               | 
               | Subjective opinion time, I just think it's lame. I don't
               | sit back and reminisce over pictures. I don't want to be
               | in your group picture. I want to hang out with the people
               | in the group and have a laugh.
        
           | duskwuff wrote:
           | As of 2013, COPPA specifically defines recordings of a
           | child's voice as a type of "personal information" about the
           | child; as a result, operators of online services "directed at
           | children" are required to get parental consent to collect
           | that information, and are required to protect it
           | appropriately.
           | 
           | https://www.ftc.gov/news-events/news/press-
           | releases/2012/12/...
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | If the only problem with something is that it's illegal,
             | why not stop making it illegal?
        
       | ipython wrote:
       | I run a domain for our community association. I had an "ethical
       | hacker" discover that I had neglected to set up spf records for
       | that domain. I had to deal with him sending a bunch of nasty
       | emails to our other board members after I refused to pay him for
       | his "discovery". (Actually I offered him a cut of my salary as a
       | board member, which at $0, came out to be... less than he was
       | hoping for)
       | 
       | I'll definitely keep a link to this for next time this happens.
        
         | aidos wrote:
         | As a general rule, you really do want to set up SPF, dkim and
         | dmarc. Without them there's a real vulnerability there.
         | 
         | The annoying case is when you have them correctly configured
         | but are using ~all instead of -all so you still need to deal
         | with the beg bounties.
        
           | blincoln wrote:
           | Yeah, I'm honestly surprised the organization is able to
           | email anyone else. Even 8-10 years ago, I would have expected
           | the major providers to drop email sent from a host without
           | some or all of those elements configured.
        
       | 0x53 wrote:
       | I guess I wonder about the opposite side of this. While I hate
       | the beg bounty people as well, I don't think security researchers
       | should work for free. I have found several security
       | vulnerabilities that I have never reported to the company because
       | their security policy was basically "send us everything you found
       | for free and we won't give you any credit".
        
         | codetrotter wrote:
         | > I don't think security researchers should work for free
         | 
         | I agree. The OP comes across a bit gatekeepy to me. Not
         | everyone has made a big name for themselves yet.
         | 
         | How are you supposed to find customers in the first place?
         | Gotta start somewhere.
         | 
         | Quality of the findings is orthogonal to asking for
         | compensation.
         | 
         | There will always be people asking for money without providing
         | value. But I don't think we should throw the baby out with the
         | bath water because of it.
        
           | hn_throwaway_99 wrote:
           | > The OP comes across a bit gatekeepy to me.
           | 
           | Hard, hard disagree. I'm glad this "beg bounty" behavior has
           | a name for it, because it's so f'ing obnoxious, and so
           | common, and all it really does is make it that much harder
           | when a serious researcher _does_ need to report a real
           | vulnerability.
           | 
           | Let's not pretend there is some sort of gray line between
           | what responsible disclosure looks like, and what bullshit beg
           | bounty disclosure looks like - after all, Hunt does an
           | excellent job showing the difference. He showed an email he
           | wrote that identifies where he's from, and gives clear
           | verifiable evidence of a serious breach. That is night-and-
           | day different from the "I found something naughty on your
           | website, will you pay me??" example from the beg bountier.
           | 
           | Point being, if you are a serious researcher and you _have_
           | actually found a high-value vulnerability, there are proper
           | ways to message that even when you feel compensation is
           | warranted. These beg bounties never look like that because
           | they all have the same achilles heel: the  "vulnerability" is
           | such an eye roller that they can't actually give evidence of
           | it before asking for money precisely because they know it's
           | so low value.
        
             | thaumasiotes wrote:
             | I spent some time working in bounty triage.
             | 
             | This behavior never rose above "mildly annoying". There are
             | a lot of people out there who will check your website for
             | the issues that they know how to find and fire off a form
             | report letting you know.
             | 
             | They are really, really, easy to deal with. There are two
             | major relevant strategies:
             | 
             | - Many programs put it explicitly in their bounty policy
             | that they won't consider the output of an automated tool.
             | This automatically blocks the lowest-effort submissions.
             | 
             | - _All_ programs specify in their policy what they consider
             | a vulnerability and what they don 't. "SPF configuration"
             | is a common exclusion.
             | 
             | So if you get a low-value report, it takes maybe one minute
             | to respond with a pointer to the part of your policy that
             | explains why you won't even bother considering the report.
             | If flyby reports are a major issue for you - publish a
             | policy!
             | 
             | (As a third consideration, for me personally, these reports
             | were especially easy to handle because you'd see the same
             | guy filing more or less identical reports to several
             | programs, and after the first time, you'd already have a
             | good understanding of exactly what the report was saying.)
             | 
             | The people filing these reports are doing valuable work.
             | Some programs really do care about some of the issues they
             | find. Most programs don't care about most of the issues -
             | but you can hardly blame the researcher for finding out
             | whether the issue they already have in their hand might be
             | worth something.
             | 
             | When I saw the headline, I thought of a different
             | phenomenon that bothered me more. Many researchers are very
             | ...anxious... about the status of their reports. I saw one
             | guy, apparently from Egypt, who regularly found real
             | vulnerabilities in a major website and earned thousands of
             | dollars a month in bounties. If a report came in from him,
             | it got taken seriously.
             | 
             | But he was constantly asking for status updates and
             | commitments on when a report might get paid out. This was
             | unpleasant to deal with. On the other hand, I did also see
             | a handful of reports fall through the cracks and go
             | untouched for months at a time, so again it's hard to blame
             | the guy too much.
        
           | rainonmoon wrote:
           | There are thousands of established bug bounty programs on the
           | web. Ones in which companies actually solicit these messages.
           | The reason these beg bounty hunters are sending unsolicited
           | emails instead is because these programs explicitly descope
           | all these stupid and irrelevant findings. If you want to
           | establish your bonafides, this is a terrible way to go about
           | it, especially given the legitimate alternatives.
        
           | c0pium wrote:
           | > Quality of the findings is orthogonal to asking for
           | compensation
           | 
           | This is a terrible take. Orthogonal to having a reputation,
           | sure. Orthogonal to having a particular certification or
           | credential, absolutely. But quality is absolutely non-
           | negotiable. If your work is bad and nobody asked you to do it
           | then you're not a professional, you're a charity.
        
           | Kalium wrote:
           | The issue here is that these people _aren 't_ providing
           | value. Further, engaging with them as serious and sincere
           | costs in time and energy. That's expensive when there's no
           | payoff. From my own experiences, beg bounties reliably do not
           | have findings of a useful quality and the begging approach is
           | a very strong signal that the juice will not be worth the
           | squeeze.
           | 
           | The piece is gatekeeping in the same way the spam filters we
           | all use are gatekeeping. There's always stuff we want to keep
           | on the far side of our filters. Beg bounties are among them
           | for many.
        
         | notatoad wrote:
         | nobody's asking security researchers to work for free. the
         | people asking security researchers to work are paying them for
         | that work.
         | 
         | if you're doing un-asked-for work, you can't expect to get paid
        
           | bruce511 wrote:
           | I agree. But there are advantages to be gained beyond mere
           | payment. Assuming the work is somewhat more that just "I fed
           | your name into ssllabs")
           | 
           | Say you find a genuine issue. You can document it and send it
           | to them. You might suggest an appropriate amount, but you've
           | given them something to evaluate. Chances are you get
           | nothing, but there is still other value in the exercise.
           | 
           | You can also add this to your portfolio. Once you have a few
           | of these apply for jobs at security firms. They can judge
           | your skill level to see if you're worth adding to the team.
           | 
           | You can also determine if this is a whole class of problem.
           | Publishing the issue (without naming the company involved)
           | raises your profile. You can leverage that profile into paid
           | work down the road.
           | 
           | Of course you should understand all this before you "do the
           | work" in the first place. If you're gonna do random drive-by
           | work you should understand your goals. Given that the parent
           | did not disclose, presumably there was some other motivation
           | in play.
        
         | matheusmoreira wrote:
         | > I have found several security vulnerabilities that I have
         | never reported to the company
         | 
         | There's no problem with that. Anyone who does report anything
         | is doing them a favor. Which they often repay with lawsuits.
        
       | cperciva wrote:
       | I get a lot of these but I have to admit I have a few favourites:
       | 
       | 1. "I can download archives of your public mailing list from your
       | website!"
       | 
       | 2. "I can download tarsnap source code from your website!"
       | 
       | 3. "I can telnet to port 25 on your mail server and send you an
       | email!"
       | 
       | I have the misfortune of being an early offerer of bug bounties
       | -- and being unusual in offering bounties for all bugs, not just
       | security bugs -- which means that Tarsnap shows up pretty quickly
       | when bounty beggars start looking for targets.
        
         | notatoad wrote:
         | my favourite is "your docker registry is publicly accessible"
         | 
         | yeah man, i know that. i made it public.
         | 
         | i eventually had to take it down, just to stop the flood of beg
         | bounties telling me about it.
        
           | cperciva wrote:
           | Oh yeah... I don't run a docker registry, but Amazon feels it
           | necessary to remind me periodically that FreeBSD releases are
           | public AMIs, and their filesystem images are public, and I
           | have publicly readable data in S3 (which is mandatory in
           | order to create an AWS Marketplace listing).
           | 
           | So much "yes I know it's supposed to be that way".
        
             | adastra22 wrote:
             | It's so bizarre that every time I upload something to S3 I
             | have to jump through a hoop to make it publicly readable
             | and Amazon displays a massive warning sign.
             | 
             | Like the only thing I use S3 for is hosting open source
             | software binaries. Maybe there's a use case for restricting
             | access, but I don't even know what that would be.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Inadvertent public buckets leading to data loss is what
               | created those hoops. Trying to take the ammo out of the
               | footgun.
               | 
               | https://www.theregister.com/2022/12/14/aws_simple_storage
               | _se...
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | But why would they upload private data to S3 in the first
               | place? I'm just not understanding the context here.
        
               | ehnto wrote:
               | S3 is just a general storage bucket, anything you could
               | use a hard disk for, some app is using S3 for that
               | instead. It's particularly common in serverless app
               | backend architectures where no permanent storage exists
               | at all, so volumes are not an option.
               | 
               | A good deal of hosting is done on ephemeral VM instances
               | that get rebuilt, so you choose between volumes and S3,
               | and S3 is a bit more flexible.
        
               | GauntletWizard wrote:
               | Many applications use s3 as a data store for... Whatever.
               | Uploaded or generated files, intermediate outputs, as a
               | key-value store for large blobs.
               | 
               | You can put all sorts of things on s3. The PDF containing
               | your bank statement, your medical test results, whatever
               | - S3 is plenty secure enough for that with sane
               | configuration, and even by default with sane account
               | management.
        
               | erikerikson wrote:
               | Because half the world is below average.
        
               | WesolyKubeczek wrote:
               | Below median, not average
        
               | erikerikson wrote:
               | Indeed, thank you for the correction.
        
               | jrmcauliffe wrote:
               | A fair chunk of modern corporate data ends up in OLAP
               | systems that are now more often or not stored using s3
               | (or their MS/Google equivalents) in 'Data Lakes'. The
               | concept of 'private data' whilst using cloud providers is
               | an interesting one, but there has been enough work done
               | by all parties involved to ensure that all but the most
               | sensitive data is now created, stored and analysed using
               | the systems provided by "Big Cloud".
        
               | electroly wrote:
               | You really need to think carefully about whether you want
               | to expose an S3 bucket publicly. There are probably some
               | valid reasons out there, but if you're not an AWS expert,
               | it's likely that you're making a mistake. If I find out
               | the name of your bucket I could cost you thousands of
               | dollars of egress tonight before you wake up in the
               | morning. It's _especially_ likely to happen to hosters of
               | open source binaries because of people absent-mindedly
               | downloading artifacts from CI jobs. No malice required.
               | They make the mistake but you pay the bill.
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | Hosting a file on a url anyone can access from anywhere
               | is the whole point...
        
               | electroly wrote:
               | Public S3 buckets are not a good choice for that because
               | of the "anyone could bankrupt you" reason above. That is
               | generally NOT the use case for S3, and it's the reason
               | why private is the default and there are alerts for
               | public buckets. For public access, within AWS, you'd want
               | to put CloudFront in front of the bucket and only allow
               | external users to access CloudFront. However, there's a
               | better option...
               | 
               | Outside of AWS, Cloudflare has a service called R2 which
               | is just like S3, except you DON'T pay egress! It's the
               | same thing, but without the "anyone could bankrupt you"
               | aspect. You pay for the storage but you don't pay per
               | download. I highly recommend this for hosting open source
               | binaries. You can still keep a copy in a private S3
               | bucket for safe keeping if you don't trust Cloudflare
               | long-term.
        
               | adastra22 wrote:
               | Thank you I'll look into that.
        
               | DylanSp wrote:
               | Given the amount of data breaches that have happened from
               | S3 buckets being accidentally publicly accessible, it
               | definitely makes sense to me.
        
         | technion wrote:
         | Meanwhile I've got a penetration test costing tens of thousands
         | of dollars in front of me and your third finding is in there
         | pretty much word for word.
        
       | babuloseo wrote:
       | I miss the old internet.
        
         | dilyevsky wrote:
         | On the "old internet" someone would just deface your website
         | for lulz instead of asking for bounty
        
           | RockRobotRock wrote:
           | Someone hacked my old personal site when I was a kid and
           | posted it to zone-h for the street hahaha
        
         | jeffparsons wrote:
         | On the old internet, if you could trick someone into revealing
         | their IP address, you could knock them offline:
         | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ping_of_death
         | 
         | But it was fun because we were young, the "attackers" were our
         | friends, and there weren't billions of dollars on the line.
        
       | matheusmoreira wrote:
       | > Alas, all reasonable measures were exhausted without response,
       | I loaded the data into Have I Been Pwned (HIBP) and _then_ they
       | took notice
       | 
       | Every single time. They don't really care about users, their
       | safety and privacy. They care about legal liability and not
       | looking foolish in public. It seriously makes me wish people
       | would just publish vulnerabilities straight up complete with
       | exploit source code so they'd have literally no choice but to
       | care.
        
         | throwawaysleep wrote:
         | My incentives as an employee are similar. Far better to hide a
         | problem than admit and fix it.
        
           | dilyevsky wrote:
           | Covering up legit vulnerabilities is dangerous - it is a
           | criminal offense. And no "my manager doesn't like it" is not
           | an effective defense (see uber ciso case)
        
             | Aeolun wrote:
             | > Covering up legit vulnerabilities is dangerous
             | 
             | It is incredibly hard to prove someone else knew about
             | something you didn't/don't know about though.
        
           | munk-a wrote:
           | That is a sign that you work at a deeply unhealthy company.
           | Even at a moderately healthy company it's usual to have
           | "Don't shoot the messenger" policies in place to avoid
           | blaming developers for doing their job.
        
         | charles_f wrote:
         | After which publication they usually reassure their users that
         | security is their utmost priority, fix the one leak, and go
         | back to doing nothing till the next breach.
        
         | peddling-brink wrote:
         | I'm not sure the BronxWench cares strongly about what people on
         | the Internet think of her.
         | 
         | It seems far more likely that they didn't understand the email
         | from Troy or dismissed it as spam or a scam.
         | 
         | They took notice because a bunch of their regulars started
         | getting emails from HIBP. Some of these did understand, and
         | brought the issue to the attention of the admins admins in a
         | way they understood.
        
           | matheusmoreira wrote:
           | She clearly cared enough to threaten to "report" the guy.
        
           | userbinator wrote:
           | _It seems far more likely that they didn't understand the
           | email from Troy or dismissed it as spam or a scam._
           | 
           | That's what happens when there are too many who "cry wolf";
           | and bug-bounty programs just incentivise that behaviour.
        
         | matsemann wrote:
         | And when they respond, they will often make things go sooo
         | slow. Like how the huge Apple Safari issue took a year from
         | reporting to public disclosure.
        
         | contravariant wrote:
         | I think the principle of charity dictates that we should at
         | least give them an opportunity to do the right thing. Not that
         | this makes it any less frustrating when people take advantage.
        
         | omginternets wrote:
         | I mean, the whole purpose of legal liability is to make them
         | care. Isn't this just the system working as intended?
         | 
         | If anything, my conclusion is that security researchers
         | shouldn't have any qualms about releasing vuln info. By all
         | means, give the concerned party an opportunity to act in good
         | faith, but when they invariably don't, send it..
        
       | tptacek wrote:
       | I don't really understand the point of making a big stink about
       | Beg Bounty Hunters. They're invariably people in developing
       | countries, for whom occasional SPF or Clickjacking payouts will
       | be meaningful. And there's an unbounded supply of them. They're
       | not going away. All you can control is the way you respond to
       | them; lashing out at them in public seems like a pretty unhealthy
       | response. Not for them; who cares? There's going to be 20 more
       | right behind them. But I mean, just for your own sense of well-
       | being.
        
         | throwaway69123 wrote:
         | I think the article made the argument that beg bounties drown
         | out and train receivers to ignore better more fundamental
         | reports as also being spam.
        
         | tkems wrote:
         | Meaningful or not, some companies and organizations don't
         | understand the difference between a CVSS score of 2.0 and 10.0.
         | Being in the cybersecurity industry myself, there is a wide gap
         | of knowledge in the risk of vulnerabilities. Following a some-
         | what standard way of reporting vulnerabilities is well
         | documented. Begging for a bounty is not standard.
         | 
         | I also think that is perfectly fine to document the process in
         | public so that everyone is informed.
         | 
         | Also, in regards to your comment on meaningful payouts, you
         | could make the same argument for spam email. Occasionally it
         | works for people in developing countries is, in my opinion, a
         | terrible argument for allowing such behavior.
        
           | lapinot wrote:
           | > Occasionally it works for people in developing countries
           | is, in my opinion, a terrible argument for allowing such
           | behavior.
           | 
           | I think the point GP was raising isn't that it's ok, but that
           | it's part of a wider problem and isn't just happening because
           | people are stupid. It makes sense for them because of how the
           | world economy is currently set up. Saying "hey will you just
           | stop please" won't change that fact. Exactly the same thing
           | is true for spam.
        
         | ipython wrote:
         | "But I already washed your window while sitting at the stop
         | light"
         | 
         | It's one thing to go begging, it's another when they feel
         | entitled to some sort of payout. I never asked for their
         | "services" - and in my limited experience, they lash out at you
         | too, when you explain you're not paying.
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | My parents lived in New York City during the early 1970s, a
           | time of serious decay. The "free" car window washers was a
           | thing. You would stop in traffic (Manhattan) usually, then
           | someone would start to clean your front window with a dirty
           | squeegee, then come to your driver side window and ask for a
           | tip (payment).
           | 
           | By the time it started showing up in 1980s comedy films, it
           | was mostly gone in real life. I am surprised to see an Ozzie
           | referring to this. Or is he referring to something tlese?
        
             | defrost wrote:
             | He's referring to car window washers at traffic lights.
             | 
             | Maybe in Australia which has had them at various location
             | in capital cities in the 80s, 90s, 10s by my recall. Maybe
             | in _other_ countries as while Troy is Australian he 's
             | moved about a bit ... but probably Sydney - it's one of
             | those modern clean yet dirty cities with a bit of
             | everything.
             | 
             | EDIT: The quote doesn't come from Troy, it's sourced from a
             | twitter reply he received from "John" @j3g
        
             | blincoln wrote:
             | FWIW, it was pretty common in Vancouver, BC when I lived
             | there in the late 90s.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | And? You're not accomplishing anything by pushing back on
           | them.
        
             | ipython wrote:
             | I simply said "thank you for the report but I'm not
             | paying". The "researcher" responded by spamming the rest of
             | the board and the property manager for the community with
             | hundreds of messages filled with expletives.
             | 
             | I didn't write a blog or do anything to "trigger" anyone.
             | Heck the only reason I replied is because they kept
             | emailing the other non tech people in an attempt to extort
             | money out of them.
             | 
             | I don't find their behavior excusable and have no problem
             | calling them out.
        
               | wglb wrote:
               | The trigger is any form of response. Just let it pass.
        
         | SkyPuncher wrote:
         | We've had a handful of these that we've paid out for small
         | issues over the years.
         | 
         | Things that are _technically_ security issues, but not
         | something that affect us or are exploitable in a meaningful
         | way. $50 a few times a year is stupid cheap to build a
         | reputation of actually paying out security researchers.
         | 
         | Among the junk, we've had a few legit bounties submitted. That
         | alone is worth the noise these "beg bounties" create.
         | 
         | ----
         | 
         | Security is a never ending game of cat and mouse. If you can
         | pay out a small amount to people who might, just might, catch
         | something all of your other processes miss, it's a pretty easy
         | decision.
        
           | solarkraft wrote:
           | How many of the legit bounties have been withheld until you
           | paid?
        
             | SkyPuncher wrote:
             | None. We don't pay if the bounty isn't verifiable. This is
             | the standard for the industry.
             | 
             | This is part of the reason paying out small bounties is
             | valuable and important. You want to build a reputation in
             | the community for honoring your responsible disclosure
             | policy.
        
           | lelag wrote:
           | I run a bug bounty program and I don't mind report for small
           | issues. It's true that most report from "beg bounty" hunters
           | are noise, but we've acted on some reports a few time. One
           | time, in particular, a researcher broke something which
           | alerted us to a serious issue, while not understanding
           | themselves what they had found, we still paid a fair bounty
           | on the finding since we would not have found the issue
           | without the action of the researcher.
           | 
           | It also helps that we have very clear rules and defined
           | scope: we've put out of scope the usual suspects and
           | researchers rarely argue when we point out they should have
           | read the rules better before submitting.
           | 
           | Regarding bounties, my yardstick rule is that if a report
           | made us reconsider our practices and change something on our
           | side, then it's worth a bounty, even small. If not, then no
           | bounty far ya, simple as that.
           | 
           | Also, I don't remember getting a disclosure report where they
           | would ask for money before disclosing the vulnerability, I
           | don't think it's that common. Still, this would go straight
           | to the spam folder.
        
             | speleding wrote:
             | In my experience paying out once to a bug hunter resulted
             | in an avalanche of useless "beg hunter" reports in the
             | following weeks. Understandably security researchers brag
             | about their finds on their resume but that has the side
             | effect that other guys apparently crawl those and start
             | targeting you.
             | 
             | I'm not saying this is good or bad, but just a warning that
             | you should be prepared to read a lot more reports once you
             | start paying.
        
               | SkyPuncher wrote:
               | The flip side is we've had some very serious, legit
               | security researchers test our application as a result of
               | our reputation for paying out bounties.
        
         | chacham15 wrote:
         | There are a few reasons.
         | 
         | 1. The first is literally the first example of the article:
         | real/important vulnerability disclosures get confused with beg
         | bounties which dont need to be acted on / are not serious (most
         | of the time). That can cause real harm.
         | 
         | 2. The second reason is the approach that the beg bounty uses:
         | that of fearmongering. If the beg-bountier disclosed the vuln
         | and asked for the bounty that would be ok, but withholding the
         | vuln until payment is assured is a scam.
         | 
         | 3. How can one even properly valuate how much the vuln should
         | be worth without knowing what it is / capable of doing?
        
           | gwd wrote:
           | > 1. The first is literally the first example of the article:
           | real/important vulnerability disclosures get confused with
           | beg bounties which dont need to be acted on / are not serious
           | (most of the time). That can cause real harm.
           | 
           | I have a hard time sympathizing with this. Our project gets a
           | handful of these "beg bounty" things a year; usually they're
           | repeats -- SPF and "clickjacking" are common ones, but we
           | also get other ones. ("You're exposing people's usernames
           | through this weird JSON thing!" "Yes, we're also exposing
           | people's usernames in the 'by' line of the post itself.
           | There's nothing in that JSON that's not also available by
           | just doing plain web scraping."). If we see a new complaint
           | we always look at it to see if it's something we actually
           | care about.
           | 
           | If you're working with pictures and audio of kids, or have
           | details of people's activities that they may not want made
           | public (like their taste in "Adult Fanfic"), there's
           | absolutely no excuse for not looking at each report, even if
           | 95% of them are low-value.
           | 
           | EDIT: I mean of course the "Report and then ask for a bounty"
           | kinds, not the "Give me the bounty and I'll tell you the bug"
           | kinds.
        
             | davidgerard wrote:
             | at $DAYJOB we get multiple beg bounties a week, it's a
             | massive waste of everyone's time and it's literally never
             | been a real issue.
        
               | whstl wrote:
               | At my previous job it was about 10 per days after we
               | started having an official process. I gather that people
               | would just Google us.
               | 
               | It was _very_ easy to filter the bad reports, though.
               | About 10 minutes of work per day, since most were
               | repeated issues. We had a default  "reply" email with
               | information.
               | 
               | The issue however was those people would get extremely
               | angry when their security issue was deemed invalid, so we
               | started just blocking recipients that would threat us or
               | demand payment for invalid issues. Some would stalk me
               | and other developers in LinkedIn and would demand
               | immediate payment. Of course that only happened about 4
               | times.
               | 
               | Another issue was caused when some invalid issues would
               | get SO MANY REPORTS from automated scanners, that we
               | would actually decide to change to prevent the reports.
               | In some of those we actually paid and credited the first
               | person, but then the other 30 would demand payment too
               | and accuse us of lying.
               | 
               | Huge shitshow.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | Complaining about the phenomenon isn't doing anything about
           | any of these 3 issues. There is a powerful economic incentive
           | driving it, and lot of independent actors. Really all we're
           | doing here is driving up our own blood pressure. People who
           | operate serious bounty programs have been dealing with this
           | effectively for over a decade.
        
           | wglb wrote:
           | So other than feeding the Anxiety Industrial Complex, what do
           | you propose?
           | 
           | My suggested approach is to not engage.
        
         | adastra22 wrote:
         | This is extortion, and a crime.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | Good luck with that.
        
         | waihtis wrote:
         | Bad behaviour should not be tolerated just because it comes
         | from the third world
        
           | onion2k wrote:
           | Not tolerated but it should be _understood_. Lots of
           | developers would do morally dubious things for a  'life-
           | changing' amount of money. If you live in a very poor country
           | that isn't a large sum compared to a Western salary.
        
             | bigfudge wrote:
             | It's not hypothetical. Lots of developers do do morally
             | dubious things in the west for large amounts of money!
        
               | malfist wrote:
               | I mean, I work at Amazon
        
             | hoseja wrote:
             | Understood to be more efficiently dealt with, yes.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | You don't have the option of tolerating or not tolerating it.
           | You're seeing one of these people, but there are a thousand
           | more behind them, and they don't care what you tolerate or
           | don't; it's a numbers game to them.
        
             | waihtis wrote:
             | I think there's plenty of established ways to deal with the
             | general category of "spam" and these can be applied to this
             | problem equally well.
             | 
             | I get what you're saying about it being unavoidable, but
             | there's no need to concede without a fight.
        
         | kristiandupont wrote:
         | I've received those mails a few times and while I agree with
         | you to some extent, the way they are often formulated feels
         | closer to "nice store you have here, shame if something were to
         | happen to it!" -- as in, what is _this person_ going to do if I
         | don 't pay up? That does not seem ethical to me.
        
         | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
         | That's one of the reasons that I don't play with scammers,
         | anymore.
         | 
         | Most of them live fairly miserable lives of poverty.
         | 
         | That doesn't excuse them, but I don't feel it does me any good,
         | to pile further misery on them, when it's just easier to walk
         | away.
        
           | ipython wrote:
           | The problem is that they do have real consequences for
           | others. It is a kind of zero sum game where their gains come
           | from the loss of others. I have no sympathy for them.
           | 
           | If you want to help them, why not just send them $$?
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | I don't want to help them.
             | 
             | Not wanting to hurt people deliberately, is not the same
             | thing as wanting to help them, or supporting them.
             | 
             | When we engage in retaliatory behavior, it can have
             | negative consequences on our own psyche. This is something
             | I know well.
        
           | gs17 wrote:
           | >to pile further misery on them
           | 
           | Usually the goal is to keep them away from real victims, to
           | prevent further misery of more people.
        
             | ChrisMarshallNY wrote:
             | See my reply below.
             | 
             | I have found that deliberately hurting others; regardless
             | of whether or not they deserve it, tends to be corrosive to
             | my mental well-being.
        
         | ipython wrote:
         | Another thought on this, coming from someone whose phone number
         | has ended up on some large number of scammer lists, to the
         | point where I would have about 1000 scam calls per month around
         | open enrollment time (think targeting seniors):
         | 
         | You are advocating for feeding the troll. The troll will not be
         | satisfied with table scraps. Larger trolls will see the
         | opportunity and scale up.
         | 
         | I get what you're saying. I don't have a solution to the
         | inequality you point out. But rewarding the bad behavior
         | doesn't help rectify the inequality, it just makes more bad
         | behavior.
        
           | tptacek wrote:
           | Whoah, I am definitely mot telling you to pay these people.
        
       | gloyoyo wrote:
       | Very informative.
        
       | benrockwood wrote:
       | I love the term, it's appropriate. In my experience many of these
       | beg bounties are automated and non-sensical. Script kiddies
       | looking for a quick and easy buck. Generally when they are
       | directed to an actual bug bounty program on HackerOne or the like
       | they don't follow through.
        
       | acheong08 wrote:
       | I just got my first beg bounty today about an exposed hugging
       | face token. It was intentional and read only.
        
       | paranoidrobot wrote:
       | e: I just noticed, this post was from 2 years ago. It should have
       | (2021) in the header.
       | 
       | ---
       | 
       | I help run a bug bounty program, we get a lot of submissions. Way
       | too many of them are zero or low effort. The SPF meme one
       | definitely resonates with me, we get it a whole lot.
       | 
       | Occasionally we will get someone who submits a half dozen
       | variations of the same zero/low-effort report. When we turn
       | around and deny them all (because there's no actual exploitable
       | issue). There's a good chance they will then spend the next week
       | replying to our emails asking for money because they put a lot of
       | effort into it, and/or disputing our evaluation.
       | 
       | It's frustrating dealing with that, and I can certainly
       | sympathise with wanting to reply to someone who's begging you for
       | money with a "no, go away".
       | 
       | Perhaps Troy just needed to blow off some steam, but I think he'd
       | be better having a saved reply in his email saying he doesn't pay
       | bug bounties for personal projects/sites, and just send that.
       | 
       | I think it'd go over better than having what seems to be an
       | overly aggressive post.
        
         | billy99k wrote:
         | Here is another perspective:
         | 
         | I have been making money through bug bounties for the past 5
         | years (I'm a researcher on the major bug bounty sites and
         | multiple private ones).
         | 
         | More times than I can count, I have found major, non-low effort
         | bugs, and the company will spend time deflecting, and I just
         | won't end up getting paid. Luckily, this is less than 10% of
         | the valid bugs I've found. I've learned to just move on after a
         | certain point.
         | 
         | This behavior from these companies nearly made me quit 2 years
         | ago. I was so frustrated that I completely stopped for 6
         | months.
         | 
         | I found 50 bugs in a week for one major company and they spend
         | 2 months trying to tell me that they don't own the site
         | anymore, and weren't going to pay me. It was in scope at the
         | time I found the bugs. These weren't just minor bugs either. It
         | allowed me to break into all private rooms on the service in
         | multiple ways, get access to back-end network settings, and
         | even takeover accounts.
         | 
         | I pushed back and they were in violation of their SLA. I got a
         | nice payout a few weeks later.
        
           | billy99k wrote:
           | To add to this (because I can no longer edit my post). An
           | excuse I saw just last week is that although I found
           | vulnerabilities, the company doesn't believe it's a security
           | issue and have no interest in fixing it, so the reports will
           | be closed as informative.
           | 
           | Keep in mind the bugs I found allows a lower-privileged group
           | to not only access, but updated privileged information and
           | other sections in the account with no user interaction.
           | Definitely a security issue (multiple, in fact).
           | 
           | This is why security issues never get fixed and people like
           | me stop looking. I suspect they will fix it and are again
           | trying to find ways not to pay me.
        
       | hn92726819 wrote:
       | > I don't know how many disclosures I've done ... (100+, surely),
       | but I have never, ever - not even once - asked for money. But
       | Hammad isn't me
       | 
       | I agree with everything in this post except this line. It's nice
       | that the author doesn't need the money, but some people do. To
       | me, the problem is not sharing after the answer is no, or not
       | asking up front, not the fact someone is asking for money.
        
         | jackson1442 wrote:
         | I don't think asking for money is the issue- it's the overall
         | handling of the situation on the researcher's side.
         | 
         | If you're only trying to collect bounties, you should go to a
         | bug bounty website and work on sites that are explicitly
         | soliciting bounties - that way you aren't wasting your time
         | finding vulnerabilities on sites that have no interest in
         | paying out, and you can see which types of vulnerabilities are
         | in- and out of scope.
         | 
         | On the other hand, I don't think it's particularly rude to
         | shoot an email over explaining the vulnerability while at the
         | same time requesting compensation. But gating information on
         | the vulnerability behind a request for compensation is not
         | appropriate.
        
       | mgaunard wrote:
       | I remember when I was a teenager I found a huge security flaw in
       | a website: they allowed to include any PHP file passed as a query
       | string parameter, and that file could be a remote one too.
       | 
       | They didn't listen to me and I found that offensive, so I used
       | the flaw to get access, and leave a message on their FTP server.
       | I didn't destroy nor steal any data. They responded by reporting
       | the incident to the police.
        
         | j-a-a-p wrote:
         | Valuable lesson for a teenager to discover how people really
         | are. I hope the police was more reasonable!
        
           | mgaunard wrote:
           | The police allowed them to contact my ISP to get my name and
           | location, not that I was hiding or anything.
           | 
           | Apart from that they just logged the incident and there was
           | no follow-up.
        
         | waihtis wrote:
         | No criticism because teenagers do dumb things, but for anyone
         | else it should be assumed that if you break into a system
         | without permission, benignly or not, you run the risk of
         | getting prosecuted for it.
        
           | geek_at wrote:
           | Oh yes. In 2011 I got raided by the police because I clicked
           | a link someone sent me over IRC [1].
           | 
           | You don't even need to be destructive to become a target for
           | prosecution sometimes. Being stupid or incautious is enough.
           | 
           | [1] https://blog.haschek.at/2015-that-not-so-awesome-time-
           | the-po...
        
             | waihtis wrote:
             | I vaguely recall this case. I sure hope police have become
             | more cyber literate in the past 10 years, but yeah this is
             | the virtual equivalent of leaving fingerprints on the crime
             | scene.
        
             | onionisafruit wrote:
             | After reading your story, the image at the bottom stands
             | out. I never thought about the fact that you can't really
             | trust that what is returned to you is the same as what they
             | took. No telling if they added any malware to those drives
             | intentionally or not.
        
             | __s wrote:
             | > Don't click on links from random people on the internet!
             | 
             | Ironic since I ended up on your blog after clicking on link
             | you posted
        
             | valvar wrote:
             | Is there no way to contest such a warrant? What about
             | compensation for the loss of utility caused by the
             | confiscation?
        
           | fm2606 wrote:
           | Threat of prosecution can come even without breaking in.
           | Vengeful and ignorant people will always be a thing. [1]
           | 
           | Missouri's governor threatened legal action against a
           | reporter who found SSN were being leaked on a public web page
           | accessible simply by clicking "View Source". The reporter
           | "followed standard protocols for disclosing and reporting on
           | the vulnerability, the governor is treating him as if he
           | attacked the site or was trying to access the teacher's
           | private information for nefarious purposes" .
           | 
           | This pisses me off on so many different levels. The reporter
           | told proper authorities and gave them time to fix it before
           | he made the information public but MO's jack-wagon of a
           | governor tried to pin blame on the reporter.
           | 
           | [1] https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/14/22726866/missouri-
           | govern...
        
             | AlecSchueler wrote:
             | Threat of prosecution is of course always present, but the
             | chance of that prosecution making it past the courts is
             | significantly altered by actually committing the acts you
             | might be accused of.
        
         | thriftwy wrote:
         | A good lesson to never do that - just use VPN to login to IRC
         | to some hacking channel and report the issue there.
         | 
         | Of course you should also do the white hat part in anonymized
         | fashion.
        
           | ajdude wrote:
           | This is the correct way to handle it. Publish the exploit
           | after you've gave them the warning, but don't execute it
           | yourself.
        
         | Cthulhu_ wrote:
         | It's the danger of good intents but still breaking the law. If
         | a house is unlocked and you go in to prove it's unlocked, maybe
         | leave a helpful note, you're still breaking in. Report and move
         | on.
        
           | plugin-baby wrote:
           | > If a house is unlocked and you go in to prove it's
           | unlocked, maybe leave a helpful note, you're still breaking
           | in.
           | 
           | What jurisdiction? I would think this was just trespass.
        
             | pilchard123 wrote:
             | IIRC some jurisdictions consider any force at all - such as
             | pushing an already-open door further open - to be
             | sufficient to make it B&E rather than simply trespassing.
        
               | plugin-baby wrote:
               | Force isn't even required in some places, apparently!
               | 
               | This page expands on the differences in a few countries:
               | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burglary
               | 
               | Canada
               | 
               | > Breaking and entering is defined as breaking into a
               | place with intent to commit another indictable offence
               | 
               | England & Wales
               | 
               | > A person is guilty of burglary if they enter any
               | building or part of a building as a trespasser with
               | intent to steal, inflict grievous bodily harm or do
               | unlawful damage to the building or anything in it.
               | 
               | New Zealand
               | 
               | > burglary is a statute offence under section 231 of the
               | Crimes Act 1961. Originally this was a codification of
               | the common law offence, though from October 2004 the
               | break element was removed from the definition and entry
               | into the building (or ship), or a part of it, now only
               | needed to be unauthorised.
        
               | scotty79 wrote:
               | It seems that in many places intent to commit another
               | crime is a key.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | But trespassing is (presumably in those jurisdictions) a
               | crime.
        
               | Fatnino wrote:
               | Trespassing is ignoring (sufficient) signs posted saying
               | no trespassing, or refusing to leave when a person
               | authorised to demand you leave asks it.
               | 
               | Something like that, I'm not a lawyer.
        
         | grotorea wrote:
         | Nice welcome to the grey hat experience.
        
       | throwaway231113 wrote:
       | Throwaway account for obvious reasons. I've been employed as a
       | triager on two primary bug bounty platforms for over seven years.
       | The circumstances are distressing and carry tangible real-life
       | consequences. I'm open to answering questions within my personal
       | comfort zone.
        
         | OsrsNeedsf2P wrote:
         | This comment would be a lot more interesting if it wasn't so
         | vague
        
       | Ayesh wrote:
       | I get that Troy is probably tired of receiving beg bounties, but
       | as a security researcher himself, I find this post a bit
       | distasteful and discouraging towards the people who could as well
       | be on their way to finding bigger vulnerabilities.
       | 
       | Reports on lack of SPF/DMARC records on security headers can be
       | annoying, and often false, because there are some legitimate
       | cases an SPF record with `~all` is necessary, or you have to have
       | a permissive CSP for whatever reason.
       | 
       | I would have just deleted their email and moved on.
        
         | eknkc wrote:
         | You receive 20 mails each day and when you delete them you
         | receive follow ups. You receive emails getting angry and the
         | tone shifts to threats (as if the bug they are reporting
         | warrants it).
         | 
         | These bury any legitimate reports. We have missed a legit one
         | because of the sheer amount of beggers at some point. Luckilty
         | the person on the other end contacted us again and was
         | understanding that we missed it.
         | 
         | And there are some who do not disclose and act like there is a
         | really critical issue, fishing for replies first and then
         | dropping a pile of shit as a critical security issue.
         | 
         | I'm also fed up with these.
        
           | Ayesh wrote:
           | Quoted from the post:
           | 
           | > It was _immediately_ clear that Hammad was going to beg for
           | a bounty, but it was a quiet Saturday night here and I
           | thought it would be entertaining to see just how far down the
           | rabbit hole he wanted to go. So, I responded, positively:
           | 
           | I suppose most of these useless bounty reports are quite easy
           | to tell.
           | 
           | From the comment above:
           | 
           | > 20 mails each day
           | 
           | If you receive 20 mails a day to your security email address,
           | then, perhaps it's time to setup a proper bug bounty program?
           | They will weed out low impact vulnerabilities and only
           | elevate the reports above a certain threshold. Isn't this a
           | solved problem already?
        
             | blincoln wrote:
             | From what I've seen secondhand, a bug bounty programme can
             | actually increase the overhead vs. an email address,
             | because now someone has to log in and deal with each ticket
             | instead of ignoring emails that don't seem interesting.
             | 
             | There are some significant advantages to having a bug
             | bounty programme, but they still attract a lot of noise. I
             | know of at least one software company that has an entire
             | team just to triage the queue. Not fix anything, just
             | validate whether a report ia reproducible or not and if so,
             | route it to the responsible party.
        
               | Ayesh wrote:
               | I participate in a couple programs, and when I report
               | something, they have a team at the bug reporting service
               | take a look first before escalating them to the actual
               | security contact. Only issues that are in-scoope and
               | severe enough get escalated. The company can even mark
               | certain programs as invitee-only or for researchers above
               | a certain threshold.
               | 
               | Many programs already have rules saying they will not
               | consider DNS/header related issues.
        
       | oliwarner wrote:
       | I understand the problem, beggars add noise to an important
       | contact signal point...
       | 
       | But this idea that people ' _did_ actually already do the  "work"
       | for free' so don't deserve remuneration... isn't great.
       | 
       | Lot's of people do _spec work_ to try and get paid, or to get
       | more work. The recipient is free to negotiate, rebuff or simply
       | ignore it, but this idea that time sunk is valueless is
       | unhelpful.
       | 
       | Not defending "Hammad" here. If you do spec security work you
       | _need_ to lead with what you 've got, even if that's just a rough
       | CVE severity rating, and your price. But I think I'd rather have
       | people checking my configuration and taxing me for my errors than
       | not to know at all.
        
         | Etheryte wrote:
         | This makes no sense. Imagine someone shows up at your house,
         | paints the fence and then asks you for compensation. They
         | already did the work, but you never even asked for it. The same
         | thing is happening here.
        
           | oliwarner wrote:
           | Yes. The part you've missed from what I said is you have the
           | right to negotiate or ignore. You don't have to pay.
           | 
           | But you shouldn't expect to get the result for free.
        
           | machomaster wrote:
           | This analogy is wrong. I have better ones.
           | 
           | 1. Imagine a painter on the street, who made a quick painting
           | of youand your partner in your natural state while being
           | unaware of the process. Then he comes and asks if you are
           | willing to pay and get it to yourself. No, you don't have the
           | right to get it for free only because it was already painted.
           | 
           | 2. Imagine that while you are on your walk, a guy comes to
           | you and informs you that your bag was open and some stuff may
           | have disappeared (dropped and/or stolen) from it. He went out
           | of his way to detour and catch up to you (he had to run!) to
           | report the issue. It was voluntary, but it is a good
           | behavior. In physical world that alone should be rewarded (at
           | least with sincere thanks). But if you are not willing to
           | compensate, he has no duty to go spend even more of his time
           | and energy in order to walk back, show you all the places
           | where your stuff dropped and to stay and document all the
           | details for your police/insurance application. He already did
           | you a favor and is not required to put any more effort into
           | it for free. It would be nice, but not a duty; especially
           | because we are not talking about the private person or a
           | hobby project, but about a company business. Discovering
           | vulnerability is one thing, but properly writing and
           | documenting it is a totally another expenditure of time,
           | energy and opportunity cost. It is not free.
        
       | gitgud wrote:
       | Surely "false positives" for security vulnerabilities are better
       | than no emails at all...                   "If you put an email
       | on a website, you will get spam"
       | 
       | _- A fundamental law of the internet_
        
       | throwaway2037 wrote:
       | A bit off topic: I am genuinely surprised that he gets to blog
       | (regular and micro via Twitter/X) with such a savage style. In
       | many mega corps, even tech, they would eventually curtail this
       | type of blogging. Steve Yegge is a pretty famous example where
       | even Google was trying to curtail his blogging topics and style.
        
         | DylanSp wrote:
         | Being self-employed has some benefits -
         | https://www.troyhunt.com/about/.
        
           | machomaster wrote:
           | In his email signature he writes that he is a "Microsoft
           | Regional Director". Even thought that is formally correct, in
           | practice it is highly misleading, because it alludes that he
           | works for Microsoft at the highest C/Director level, while in
           | reality he is a mere advisor and this is a vanity title he
           | got.
           | 
           | This is very sleezy behavior and way worse than the guy he
           | criticized did.
        
       | tsak wrote:
       | After reading this HN post in the morning, I've received one of
       | those SPF ~all beg bounties via email today. It ends with:
       | 
       | From: whiteboxtesting01@gmail.com
       | 
       | > Waiting for your response and hoping for a bounty reward for
       | responsibly disclosing this issue to your website. Furthermore, I
       | may attempt to contact you again if I do not receive a response
       | to ensure that my message has reached you.
        
       | bluedino wrote:
       | > Want to be a bounty beggar? It's dead simple, you just use
       | tools like Qualys' SSL Labs, dmarcian or Scott Helme's Security
       | Headers, among others. Easy point and shoot magic and you don't
       | need to have any idea whatsoever what you're doing
       | 
       | You've described 90% of our cybersecurity department.
        
         | omginternets wrote:
         | I think this falls squarely under the adage that "90% of
         | everything is shit."
         | 
         | Want to be a developer? It's dead simple. You can just install
         | node.js and pull in a bunch of random dependencies.
        
       | unforgivenpasta wrote:
       | Reading the accompanying cloudpets article is very similar to my
       | experience with reporting exploits.
       | 
       | Found a XSS vulnerability on a very popular danish website and 0
       | contact since reporting. The vulnerability still exists and even
       | found a few less severe bugs
        
       | billy99k wrote:
       | I know someone that would find security holes in random company
       | sites and email them about it. They never asked for money.
       | 
       | Most of the time, the company sent an angry response with threats
       | of calling the police. I always thought this was stupid.
       | 
       | I would never look for security vulnerabilities on a company
       | site, unless I'm hired to do so. The main issue is that you have
       | no idea if what you are doing will affect a production sites.
        
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       (page generated 2023-11-13 23:01 UTC)