[HN Gopher] Regarding Proposed US Restrictions on RISC-V
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Regarding Proposed US Restrictions on RISC-V
        
       Author : vitplister
       Score  : 161 points
       Date   : 2023-11-06 14:54 UTC (6 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.bunniestudios.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.bunniestudios.com)
        
       | tromp wrote:
       | Site is partially hugged to death. It has a copy of a letter that
       | Andrew 'bunnie' Huang sent
       | 
       | > Regarding Proposed US Restrictions on RISC-V
       | 
       | > A bipartisan group of 18 lawmakers in the US Congress have
       | recently amplified a request to the White House and the Secretary
       | of Commerce to place restrictions on Americans working with
       | RISC-V (see also the initial request from the Senate) in order to
       | prevent China from gaining dominance in CPU technology.
       | 
       | > The request is facially misguided; any restrictions would only
       | serve to reduce American participation in an important emerging
       | technology, while bolstering ARM's position as an incumbent near-
       | monopoly provider of embedded CPUs.
       | 
       | > When the first report came out, I hoped it was just a blip that
       | would go away, but with the broader bi-partisan group asking for
       | restrictions, I felt I could no longer just stand by and watch: I
       | am an active participant in the RISC-V ecosystem. I'm also
       | subject to US law.
       | 
       | > I did the one thing any American can do, which is write a
       | letter summarizing my thoughts on the issue, and sending it to
       | the White House, Department of Commerce, and the relevant members
       | of Congress
        
       | edflsafoiewq wrote:
       | Does anyone know what restrictions have actually been proposed?
       | Media reporting on it is uselessly vague.
        
         | BizarroLand wrote:
         | Looks like what they want is to stop Americans from
         | collaborating on RISC-V with any PRC company:
         | 
         | Oct 6 (Reuters) - In a new front in the U.S.-China tech war,
         | President Joe Biden's administration is facing pressure from
         | some lawmakers to restrict American companies from working on a
         | freely available chip technology widely used in China - a move
         | that could upend how the global technology industry
         | collaborates across borders.
         | 
         | At issue is RISC-V, pronounced "risk five," an open-source
         | technology that competes with costly proprietary technology
         | from British semiconductor and software design company Arm
         | Holdings (O9Ty.F). RISC-V can be used as a key ingredient for
         | anything from a smartphone chip to advanced processors for
         | artificial intelligence.
         | 
         | Some lawmakers - including two Republican House of
         | Representatives committee chairmen, Republican Senator Marco
         | Rubio and Democratic Senator Mark Warner - are urging Biden's
         | administration to take action regarding RISC-V, citing national
         | security grounds.
         | 
         | The lawmakers expressed concerns that Beijing is exploiting a
         | culture of open collaboration among American companies to
         | advance its own semiconductor industry, which could erode the
         | current U.S. lead in the chip field and help China modernize
         | its military. Their comments represent the first major effort
         | to put constraints on work by U.S. companies on RISC-V.
         | 
         | Representative Mike Gallagher, chairman of the House select
         | committee on China, said in a statement to Reuters that the
         | Commerce Department needs to "require any American person or
         | company to receive an export license prior to engaging with PRC
         | (People's Republic of China) entities on RISC-V technology."
         | 
         | Such calls to regulate RISC-V are the latest in the U.S.-China
         | battle over chip technology that escalated last year with
         | sweeping export restrictions that the Biden administration has
         | told China it will update this month.
         | 
         | "The CCP (Chinese Communist Party) is abusing RISC-V to get
         | around U.S. dominance of the intellectual property needed to
         | design chips. U.S. persons should not be supporting a PRC tech
         | transfer strategy that serves to degrade U.S. export control
         | laws," Representative Michael McCaul, chairman of the House
         | Foreign Affairs Committee, said in a statement to Reuters.
         | 
         | McCaul said he wants action from the Bureau of Industry and
         | Security, the part of the Commerce Department that oversees
         | export-control regulations, and would pursue legislation if
         | that does not materialize.
         | 
         | The bureau "is constantly reviewing the technology landscape
         | and threat environment, and continually assessing how best to
         | apply our export control policies to protect national security
         | and safeguard core technologies," a Commerce Department
         | spokesperson said in a statement.
         | 
         | "Communist China is developing open-source chip architecture to
         | dodge our sanctions and grow its chip industry," Rubio said in
         | a statement to Reuters. "If we don't broaden our export
         | controls to include this threat, China will one day surpass us
         | as the global leader in chip design."
         | 
         | "I fear that our export-control laws are not equipped to deal
         | with the challenge of open-source software - whether in
         | advanced semiconductor designs like RISC-V or in the area of AI
         | - and a dramatic paradigm shift is needed," Warner said in a
         | statement to Reuters.
         | 
         | RISC-V is overseen by a Swiss-based nonprofit foundation that
         | coordinates efforts among for-profit companies to develop the
         | technology.
         | 
         | The RISC-V technology came from labs at the University of
         | California, Berkeley, and later benefited from funding by the
         | Pentagon's Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
         | Its creators have compared it to Ethernet, USB and even the
         | internet, which are freely available and draw on contributions
         | from around the world to make innovation faster and cheaper.
        
           | whelp_24 wrote:
           | Are these senators invested in ARM?
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | These senators believe the Earth is 6000 years old. Their
             | worldview doesn't get any more rational from there.
        
         | bunnie wrote:
         | The concern is that the restrictions would follow the pattern
         | of existing rules around semiconductor equipment and fabricated
         | chips [1].
         | 
         | They are fairly broad and stipulate that US persons cannot
         | transfer technology to any company on an entity list. iirc
         | there was a clarification to the rule that also put a burden on
         | US persons to confirm that they aren't working with a trading
         | front or shell company for the listed entities, which makes any
         | interaction potentially hazardous, because how are you even
         | supposed to check for that?
         | 
         | Note that violations of these rules can "include up to 20 years
         | of imprisonment and up to $1 million in fines per violation, or
         | both" [2]. And the use of "US persons" language means that it's
         | not just companies, it's individual developers too.
         | 
         | If you read the text of the rules, they restrict any kind of
         | technology transfer to these companies. In the case of selling
         | fabrication equipment, that's...fairly clear cut. Don't sell
         | stuff to people on the list, and your deal was probably a few
         | million dollars anyways so you can afford lawyers to research
         | if you're dealing with a shell company.
         | 
         | But the concern is for RISC-V "technology transfer", what
         | happens if you push to a git repository, and...someone from one
         | of these entities pulls your commits? Are you now liable? What
         | if you give a lecture on RISC-V, and someone from one of these
         | entities was in attendance?
         | 
         | Or perhaps you're in charge of crafting an IP strategy for your
         | SoC company. If you pick RISC-V, the ambiguous and changing
         | rules around who you can license your products to is
         | problematic; a client you have today could end up being banned
         | tomorrow. Whereas if you license an ARM core, you don't have to
         | worry about going to jail. It then becomes a no-brainer to just
         | license the ARM core.
         | 
         | Basically, the concern is they will copy/paste the existing
         | rules that are somewhat more tightly confined because they
         | apply to atoms, but instead insert language referring to bits
         | and ideas.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/10/13/2022-21...
         | 
         | [2] https://www.bis.doc.gov/index.php/enforcement/oee/penalties
        
         | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
         | Mostly ones that defy constitutional guarantees of free speech.
        
       | deutschepost wrote:
       | Wasn't RISC-V developed in the US? And the first company to
       | produce chips with this ISA, SiFive is US based too.
       | 
       | Why would it make sense to ban it in the US? They literally
       | invented it.
        
         | SllX wrote:
         | It doesn't.
         | 
         | Right now we're having an anti-PRC moment. There are good and
         | intelligent ways to have that moment, and there bad and stupid
         | ways to have that moment. This is one of the latter, but
         | Congress is a deliberative body within a free democracy so
         | we're going to see all of it.
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | The concern is that open-sourcing processor design knowledge
         | will create a "reverse brain drain", allowing other countries
         | (especially the boogeyman China) to catch up. It's nonsense in
         | a globalized world.
        
         | AnthonyMouse wrote:
         | This is basically ARM lobbying to hamper their challenger.
         | There is no legitimate reason for it. (That doesn't mean we
         | don't still need to fight it.)
        
           | 0xDEF wrote:
           | Something to look out for in recent years are cultist
           | grassroot investors who organize on Reddit and Twitter to
           | influence politicians to do something that is favorable to
           | their stock and harass journalists and YouTubers who report
           | critically and harm their stock.
           | 
           | r/TeslaInvestors and r/AMD_Stock are some of the worst. I can
           | easily imagine some in the latter organizing to get RISC-V
           | banned in the US.
        
             | AnthonyMouse wrote:
             | Eh. RISC-V isn't really competing with AMD64, which is high
             | performance processors that can natively run x86 binaries,
             | neither of which RISC-V would do any time soon. And if
             | there were they would most likely be made _by_ AMD, who
             | would then make money selling them.
             | 
             | The loser from RISC-V is clearly ARM because it's not
             | nearly as hard to produce a low-power processor with mid-
             | level performance, which is the core of ARM's market but
             | RISC-V allows the vendors to avoid paying for the ARM
             | license. And unlike x86, most existing ARM software isn't
             | distributed as third party binaries tied to a particular
             | architecture and could easily be recompiled for something
             | else.
        
             | nebula8804 wrote:
             | Wonder how much of the pro-Elon nonsense I see here, on
             | Twitter and Reddit is just stockholders who got rich off of
             | Tesla. I like to think that there is some sophisticated
             | automated ML system Elon has got running to find and
             | respond to haters....but then I saw that Youtube video
             | discussing the poor code at Tesla so I dont know what to
             | think anymore.
        
               | AnthonyMouse wrote:
               | It's pretty obvious what causes this for both companies.
               | You have companies that were previously in a precarious
               | position, which attracts interest from short sellers who
               | think the company will fail, but instead the company
               | makes money. Then all the people holding a short position
               | get desperate to drive the stock price down so they can
               | close their position without losing their shirts, so they
               | keep attacking the company well past the point that there
               | is no reasonable expectation they're going to go bankrupt
               | anymore.
               | 
               | That makes the company's supporters intolerant of
               | criticism because they've been conditioned to expect
               | criticism to be in bad faith. Which continues even after
               | the short sellers have given up or been eviscerated by
               | margin calls.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | I wonder how much of the anti-Elon posts I see here, on
               | Twitter and Reddit are just NPCs who have been told to
               | hate a person and regurgitate talking points designed in
               | a lab. I'm pretty sure the answer is 80-90%. I'm also not
               | an Elon fanboy nor have I ever owned Tesla. It just
               | really woke me up seeing the entire internet flip against
               | Elon so quickly and it having been so obviously
               | inorganic.
        
         | OhMeadhbh wrote:
         | SiFive  launched  a  chinese subsidiary  (StarFive)  in
         | 2017/2018.  And  they just  announced they  were giving
         | designs for some  of their high-end cores  to Sophgo (a
         | company out of Beijing.)  My guess is US administrators
         | want SiFive to apply for export licenses before they do
         | this again.            I pretty  much agree  w/ Bunnie on  this
         | one.   I lived       through the  Crypto(graphy) Wars of 90s
         | and still have       my "Sink Clipper" poster  around here
         | somewhere.  If US       companies  are trying  to  sell
         | products and  services       based  on technology  they  can't
         | export, but  foreign       countries can  easily replicate, the
         | only  thing you're       doing is making  them (US tech
         | companies)  operate at a       disadvantage.            If we
         | were worried about foreign  tech dominance, then       maybe we
         | could do what foreign countries do:            a.  Develop a
         | national industrial policy.              b.  Pay for kids to
         | get  EE degrees.  (or hell, pay for           kids to get
         | business or art degrees.)            c.  Subsidize  the chip
         | manufacturing sector  the same           way we subsidize
         | farmers or petroleum marketers.            d.  Force Samsung
         | and  TSMC (both foreign countries) to           form  joint
         | ventures  with  US  firms   where  US           countries own
         | at least 51% of the JV.            Claiming   they  can   close
         | the   Pandora's  Box   of       semiconductor manufacturing
         | knowledge  this late in the       game makes  them (US
         | Lawmakers) look  incompetent.  If       they wanted to "save US
         | chip manufacturing" they should       have done something  in
         | the 1970s when  TI was building       manufacturing plants in
         | Malaysia and Thailand.
        
           | ocdtrekkie wrote:
           | Samsung and TSMC may be in foreign countries, but the key
           | thing is both South Korea and Taiwan are very closely aligned
           | with the United States for defense.
           | 
           | This concern is less about the chips being made here, but
           | controlling the ability for enemy powers to get a hold of
           | them. Consider that "bombing the TSMC facilities" has been
           | considered a possible plan if Taiwan is invaded, because a
           | key goal is ensuring China doesn't control that capability.
        
             | FpUser wrote:
             | >"enemy powers"
             | 
             | Do you trade with the enemy? That's a traitor's domain. Or
             | they're rather competitors you are not happy with and
             | scared that they beat you at the game? Get off you butt and
             | do something productive then.
        
               | mschuster91 wrote:
               | > Do you trade with the enemy? That's a traitor's domain.
               | Or they're rather competitors you are not happy with and
               | scared that they beat you at the game?
               | 
               | Both can be true at the same time, e.g. Europe buying gas
               | and oil from Russia. _Realpolitik_ is often very messy to
               | navigate, not made easier by the fact that we have
               | collectively decided to tie our fates to Russia (for
               | cheap energy) and China (for cheap production) and that
               | decision is coming back home with a vengeance.
               | 
               | If you are looking for traitors, start with those who
               | thought "change by trade" in the 90s/early 00s was a good
               | idea - and check their paychecks. At least here in
               | Germany, we know that disgraced former Chancellor
               | Schroder is a Russian asset (literally, he got a high-
               | paid job for Rosneft, most likely as a thank-you for
               | pushing through Nord Stream), unfortunately he was clever
               | enough to never implicate himself in a criminally
               | chargeable manner.
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | moscow is _literally in europe_
        
               | photonbeam wrote:
               | The majority of russia isnt tho
        
               | kragen wrote:
               | unless you count by population instead of tundra area or
               | something
               | 
               | by population it is
        
               | kps wrote:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metonymy
        
           | butlerm wrote:
           | As I understand it, the U.S. does not subsidize petroleum
           | marketers, or at least not very much. Oil companies are
           | generally taxed on net income after expenses and
           | depreciation, same as all other businesses.
           | 
           | Plus depletion, which like depreciation reflects the value of
           | an asset going down over time, making the company in question
           | worth less than it would be otherwise, i.e. the book value is
           | going down.
        
             | OhMeadhbh wrote:
             | You probably want to review this:
             | 
             | https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-
             | content/uploads/2023/03/budget...
             | 
             | The Janet-and-John bit is covered by Reuters:
             | 
             | https://www.reuters.com/business/energy/biden-budget-
             | targets...
             | 
             | "Calculating the cost of U.S. subsidies for the fossil fuel
             | industry is complex because the incentives stretch across
             | the U.S. tax code, but estimates range from $10 to $50
             | billion per year."
             | 
             | "U.S. oil and gas subsidies include provisions ranging from
             | incentives for domestic production, write-offs and
             | deductions tied to foreign production and income, and
             | approved accounting methods that can reduce the stated
             | taxable value of assets."
             | 
             | "One specific U.S. tax break on domestic production, for
             | example, called intangible drilling costs, allows producers
             | to deduct a majority of their costs from drilling new
             | wells. The Joint Committee on Taxation, a nonpartisan panel
             | of Congress, has estimated that eliminating it could
             | generate $13 billion for the public coffers over 10 years."
             | 
             | "Another, the percentage depletion tax break, which allows
             | independent producers to recover development costs of
             | declining oil gas and coal reserves, could generate about
             | $12.9 billion in revenue over 10 years, according to the
             | panel."
             | 
             | Yes. We subsidize the Petro industry.
        
               | slaw wrote:
               | Are tax deductions really subsidizes?
        
       | error9348 wrote:
       | Letter in question
       | 
       | https://selectcommitteeontheccp.house.gov/sites/evo-subsites...
        
       | bitwize wrote:
       | Oh noes! The Chinese are using some tech. Better prevent American
       | companies from competing with them!
        
       | TinkersW wrote:
       | The fact that RISC-V jumped to Switzerland after being funded by
       | the US during its development makes me inclined to say screw
       | RISC-V.
       | 
       | It also makes RISC-V foreign just as the author complains that
       | ARM is foreign.
       | 
       | I think placing restrictions on Americans working with PRC on
       | RISC-V related stuff is a pretty reasonable thing to do.
        
         | sschueller wrote:
         | Let's ban AI research too and be left behind. /s
         | 
         | I see this as short sighted anti China fear mongering but China
         | is now at a point where is can invotate itself with out the
         | help of "western" tech.
        
           | whelp_24 wrote:
           | I mean Altman is working on that one...
        
         | ertian wrote:
         | This makes the move to Switzerland look prescient.
        
         | colinsane wrote:
         | > The fact that RISC-V jumped to Switzerland after being funded
         | by the US during its development makes me inclined to say screw
         | RISC-V.
         | 
         | are you perhaps referring to some specific company in the
         | RISC-V space? or are you _actually_ saying  "damn, foreign
         | actors embraced an idea we originated, guess i've gotta flip
         | positions and decide the idea of an open ISA is bad now"?
        
           | kragen wrote:
           | they are referring to the industry consortium that defines
           | risc-v, which is in switzerland because its legislators don't
           | pull dumb stunts like this
        
       | kmeisthax wrote:
       | China should stop stealing our IP and create their own technology
       | 
       | wait no not like that
        
         | OhMeadhbh wrote:
         | Those darn'd Chinese training a bunch of engineers,
         | participating in a global industry, producing a product at
         | rock-bottom prices and then not forgetting everything they had
         | to learn to help the rest of the world make chips! Dang Them!
        
         | Symmetry wrote:
         | The British to the Americans in 1850 or to the Germans in 1850
         | or the Americans to the Japanese in 1900.
        
       | RetroTechie wrote:
       | It's amazing that the move of RISC-V Foundation to Switzerland
       | (as RISC-V International) was actually called for.
       | 
       | Even more amazing is US lawmakers _continuing_ to try  & shoot
       | the US in the foot.
       | 
       | RISC-V is now globally developed, that ship has sailed. Same for
       | products based on it. The US can't prevent its 'proliferation'.
       | Only reduce the degree to which US entities are part of, and
       | profit from that.
       | 
       | Are US lawmakers _that_ dumb? (ok I guess that 's a rhetorical
       | question).
        
         | andrewflnr wrote:
         | The practical question is, do US lawmakers believe their voters
         | are that dumb? (Mostly yes)
        
           | dmvdoug wrote:
           | Nah, they really are this uninformed for the most part (there
           | are notable exceptions of course). Story time! I went to law
           | school in DC. One of my classmates worked as a staffer in the
           | office of a prominent (leadership-level) congressperson (she
           | was from his district). She had also done an internship with
           | the UN. This congressperson had made public statements about
           | defunding the UN and blah blah blah. He took her out to lunch
           | one day and asked her to explain what the UN was and how it
           | worked in the 30 minutes they had so he could field questions
           | he was getting about his public statements.
        
           | bluGill wrote:
           | You don't have to fall back to that. It isn't possible to
           | know all the issues facing national attention. Someone puts
           | in a good/scary story about something and it is really hard
           | to see why that story is wrong. Often the story isn't even
           | wrong, it is just not the complete picture and the evils of
           | what the story misses out on are even worse. There are a bit
           | over 500 people with power in DC, they cannot possibly debate
           | all the possible issues that come up.
           | 
           | China learning from US contributions to Risc-v are not a good
           | thing. However the obvious proposed solution wouldn't stop
           | China from learning (it might delay them a few months, but
           | they have plenty of smart engineers who can figure this out),
           | and so will harm the US more.
        
           | FpUser wrote:
           | 1) - US lawmakers believe
           | 
           | 2) - Mostly yes
           | 
           | 3) - both
           | 
           | Which one of 3?
        
           | yieldcrv wrote:
           | The US has no direct referendums at the national level so it
           | doesnt matter what voters think in the near term, or long
           | term for that matter
        
         | DangitBobby wrote:
         | US lawmakers are just a mouthpiece for whoever is paying them.
        
           | beebmam wrote:
           | I think this discounts the genuine political opinions that
           | many elected officials in the US government have, especially
           | about the new cold war with China.
           | 
           | It's worth noting that China spends more money lobbying the
           | US government than any other country on earth:
           | https://www.opensecrets.org/fara/countries
        
             | DangitBobby wrote:
             | My trust in US lawmakers practically no longer exists. Now
             | whenever they make a questionable decision, the first thing
             | I try to understand is who stands to make money off of it.
             | If lawmakers have genuine policy opinions that's wonderful,
             | but they have a big PR problem from decades of corruption
             | to address.
        
         | lolinder wrote:
         | > Are US lawmakers that dumb?
         | 
         | I posted the numbers as a top level comment here [0], but the
         | short version is that a lot of the signatories of this letter
         | received (small) donations from Intel in the last election
         | cycle.
         | 
         | My best guess is that Intel is actively lobbying against RISC-V
         | using China as the boogeyman, and that these lawmakers were
         | persuaded (sincerely or otherwise) to treat RISC-V as a threat.
         | 
         | [0] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38166311
        
           | addicted wrote:
           | I think the donations part of it isn't even that important.
           | 
           | If you think about how legislation does (and can) work,
           | lawmakers, even if they were the most gifted people on the
           | planet, obviously are not experts on everything. As a result
           | they have to rely on others.
           | 
           | But who should those others be? When it comes to something
           | like chip manufacturing, you're down to essentially 1 major
           | U.S. company in this area that can provide guidance.
           | 
           | One could argue they could go to academics, but a single
           | academic is good for going deep into a specific area and not
           | so good at cross concerns.
           | 
           | And bringing together all those people is effort.
           | 
           | On the other hand you have Intel that's got scores of
           | researchers, marketing experts, and lobbyists who are
           | basically giving you high quality data and information for
           | free.
           | 
           | Even without money and therefore outright corruption playing
           | any role, companies like these have an outsized influence on
           | lawmakers for absolutely practical reasons.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Yes, while political donations in general are a concern to
             | me, I think in this case the donations themselves are
             | fairly innocuous. What the donations tell me is not that
             | Intel bribed these representatives, it's that Intel
             | identified these representatives as ones that would be
             | particularly pliable to their _legal_ persuasion efforts.
             | 
             | It's true that Intel has a lot of natural strengths for its
             | lobbying efforts, but some representatives are going to be
             | easier to persuade than others.
        
           | ajross wrote:
           | RISC-V is much more of a threat to ARM microcontroller
           | vendors (STMicro, NXP, Atmel et. al.) than it is to Intel.
           | There is almost zero overlap in products/markets between
           | RISC-V and x86. Even as you go up the stack, vendors like ARM
           | International would care first (as it impacts mobile SOC
           | licenses). Frankly even Apple probably cares more than Intel
           | does.
        
             | lolinder wrote:
             | Apple just switched to ARM away from Intel, and I'm sure
             | Intel is very concerned others will follow their lead. If
             | ARM is at risk from RISC-V, then Intel is as well,
             | transitively.
             | 
             | That there is zero overlap now does not mean it will stay
             | that way, as Apple demonstrated so well.
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | Yeah, but there's no product. There's no RISC-V CPU
               | targetted at laptop or datacenter users that Intel would
               | be worried about, but there absolutely are from ARM
               | vendors.
               | 
               | So... how would hurting RISC-V, which _helps_ ARM, be
               | good for Intel? It 's not. Pick a different boogeyman
               | basically, Intel isn't the one here.
        
               | lolinder wrote:
               | There was no competitive ARM CPU targeting laptop or
               | datacenter users either, until Apple up and made one.
               | 
               | For Intel to ignore RISC-V right now would be to
               | completely neglect the lessons of Apple Silicon. They
               | appear to have waited until there was an actual product
               | taking their market share before taking ARM seriously. I
               | expect them to learn from that and not wait for a product
               | this time.
        
               | error503 wrote:
               | ARM in the datacentre was somewhat of a hot topic for a
               | while before Apple released their laptop CPUs; Amazon
               | launched the first Gravitron to GA in 2018. Ampere
               | launched publicly available ARM server CPUs in 2020,
               | around the same time as Apple. Alibaba Cloud launched
               | their instances based on their own CPU in 2021, as did
               | Oracle (based on Ampere's CPUs).
               | 
               | Given the years of engineering effort involved in getting
               | any of these projects to release, this definitely looks
               | like an industry shift, not something driven by Apple.
               | 
               | Perhaps Intel's thinking here is that competition with
               | ARM will drive innovation and cost-downs in that space,
               | which will bleed 'up' and make their own competition's
               | (mostly ARM) products even more competitive.
        
               | SV_BubbleTime wrote:
               | I don't know why you are fixated on looking at the market
               | today.
               | 
               | If ARM can scale up from cortex m-series to Apple M3 Pro
               | Ultra Max... then why couldn't RISC-V?
        
               | ajross wrote:
               | But by that logic Intel should be lobbying the government
               | to outlaw every CPU architecture, or every competing
               | product, or... every product they might conceivably want
               | to compete with. The same logic works for every product!
               | Or every company! It's all specious.
               | 
               | In point of fact, and I'll just say it again: this is
               | dumb. Intel isn't remotely the most likely candidate here
               | (again, my read is that on balance they'd love to see ARM
               | competitors get some pressure on the other side). Trying
               | to claim otherwise is just engaging in platform flamery
               | nonsense. The logic doesn't work.
        
           | fweimer wrote:
           | Intel employees have been contributing RISC-V patches to GCC
           | for quite some time, and continue to do so. Here's one from
           | today: https://inbox.sourceware.org/gcc-
           | patches/20231106141623.3076...
           | 
           | Intel is also a member of RISC-V International:
           | https://riscv.org/members/
           | 
           | I get that Intel is a very big company, but that kind of
           | disconnect would be rather extreme.
        
         | darklycan51 wrote:
         | It's so beyond dumb that they think this in any way is related
         | to national security, this has the potential very literally
         | create some huge troubles for the US in the future...
        
       | olalonde wrote:
       | It blows my mind that the US keeps treating China, its biggest
       | trade partner, as an enemy. There is no way that China would ever
       | initiate a war against the US. It feels like, if anything, this
       | insistence on treating China as an enemy _increases_ risk for the
       | US.
        
         | trynumber9 wrote:
         | The assumption is that they will initiate a real war against
         | Taiwan at some point. The result of that assumption is to
         | prepare by slowly phasing out trade where possible rather than
         | waiting for it all to happen at once when they do invade.
        
           | tbihl wrote:
           | And the result of that preparation is that both sides are
           | less entangled with one another and thus (theoretically) more
           | ready to be at war with one another.
           | 
           | Anyway, the chain of who-started-it doesn't have a first
           | link. There is no value-free way to assess it all..
        
             | TinkersW wrote:
             | Repeatedly implying you will attack Taiwan is a pretty
             | clear first link.
        
               | olalonde wrote:
               | Taiwan isn't a US state as far as I know. The US doesn't
               | even recognize Taiwan as a sovereign state.
        
               | throwaway626 wrote:
               | The US has a clear interest in preventing reunification
               | with the mainland, regardless of the island's legal
               | status.
        
               | tbihl wrote:
               | It's true, the US sold Taiwan down the river to drive a
               | wedge between USSR and PRC, then spent decades telling
               | ourselves that PRC would become a nice, (post-Christian)
               | liberal democracy if they just became rich enough. That
               | didn't happen.
        
         | derefr wrote:
         | China would never _directly_ initiate a war against the US;
         | China's long-term goals have nothing to do with militarily
         | weakening the US, and are rather more focused on a global
         | hegemony achieved by economically cornering emerging markets.
         | 
         | However, there are a number of actions China could take against
         | countries _other than_ the US, where the US would either feel
         | obligated to initiate war against China in response; or where
         | US _voters_ might _demand_ the US go to war against China in
         | response.
         | 
         | (And Chinese military analysts are very aware of all of these,
         | drawing big red lines around these parts of strategy-space.
         | Though they're also always _re-measuring_ where these lines
         | land -- American public sentiment can waver such that today 's
         | "unforgivable" action might be tomorrow's "barely tolerable"
         | action.)
         | 
         | There are also a number of actions China could take against its
         | _own_ citizens, that could  "require" the initiation of war
         | against them according to various treaties signed by the US, or
         | even according to "international customary law."
         | 
         | Re: the Genocide Convention:
         | 
         | > Importantly, the Convention establishes on State Parties the
         | obligation to take measures to prevent and to punish the crime
         | of genocide, including by enacting relevant legislation and
         | punishing perpetrators, "whether they are constitutionally
         | responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals"
         | (Article IV). That obligation, in addition to the prohibition
         | not to commit genocide, _have been considered as norms of
         | international customary law and therefore, binding on all
         | States, whether or not they have ratified the Genocide
         | Convention_.
         | 
         | (I.e. a country being clearly labelable as actively committing
         | genocide, historically has been, and continues to be,
         | justification for the initiation of a world war where all
         | previously-neutral countries ally together to invade and stop
         | them from doing this.)
        
           | KRAKRISMOTT wrote:
           | > _(I.e. a country being clearly labelable as actively
           | committing genocide, historically has been, and continues to
           | be, justification for the initiation of a world war where all
           | previously-neutral countries ally together to invade and stop
           | them from doing this.)_
           | 
           | They are a nuclear armed state (since the 60s) with launch
           | vehicles and submarines, nobody is going to go to war with
           | them over their own domestic crimes. A land war in Asia
           | against a nuclear armed emerging superpower with a good
           | percentage of the world's population is practically suicidal.
           | 
           | International customary law only matter if you have the
           | firepower to back it up.
        
         | dmvdoug wrote:
         | Look at the latest iteration of Army doctrine. It says it's
         | meant to refocus us on being able to fight peer or near-peer
         | nations. It's very clearly targeted at China alone.
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | 15 years ago I would have agreed with you. However with XI in
         | power and the way he is turning the country I no longer can
         | agree. XI isn't stupid - he won't start a war tomorrow - but he
         | is building up both the military power needed to start a war in
         | 10 years, and the international political climate to make that
         | less harmful to China if he does.
         | 
         | Only time will tell of course, but right now I'm cautious about
         | China as they may be willing to bite their trade partners in
         | the future.
        
         | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
         | The thing that blows my mind is that you're blaming the US for
         | the situation. Google China's behavior in the South China Sea
         | to get an idea of the problem. Or it using trade as retaliation
         | against Australia, Lithuania and others. The list goes on from
         | there.
         | 
         | Trade with China has always thought to be a democratising
         | force, instead US has funded is country that is aggressively
         | arming itself against it and becoming a threat to a civil rules
         | based international order. Your 'no way' sounds pretty naive
         | when the evidence points to China walking the path to exactly
         | that. They have stated in not so many words that they will
         | invade Taiwan, and walk right up to that line on a daily basis,
         | and when that happens China will be at war with the US and the
         | west generally.
        
           | tbihl wrote:
           | >The thing that blows my mind is that you're blaming the US
           | for the situation
           | 
           | OTOH, the US should be blamed, since we backed the communists
           | past KMT to victory in the civil war... Play stupid games and
           | so on.
        
       | zelon88 wrote:
       | So correct me if I'm wrong, but you'll still be allowed to push
       | public commits to a public RISC-V related repo, but you'll need a
       | special government license to resolve issues opened by anyone
       | related to China?
        
         | phendrenad2 wrote:
         | That's my assumption as well
        
         | Qem wrote:
         | People will need to publish commits in book form again, like
         | the Phil Zimmerman did with PGP, to have freedom of expression.
         | 
         | See: https://philzimmermann.com/EN/essays/BookPreface.html
         | 
         | I'm picturing RISC-V processors being sold in boxes that are
         | actually small bible-like books with ornate binding, full of
         | paper printed source code, with small hollows inside where the
         | chips fit.
        
       | dkjaudyeqooe wrote:
       | When discussing a highly technical issue such as this you have to
       | be careful to use the correct terminology:
       | 
       | This is some dumb shit.
        
       | lolinder wrote:
       | The numbers aren't large, but it's worth noting that 7 out of 18
       | signatories of the original letter received donatations from
       | Intel's PAC in 2022 [0]:
       | 
       | Mike Gallagher: $6000
       | 
       | Marco Rubio: $2500
       | 
       | Haley Stevens: $2000
       | 
       | Carlos Gimenez: $5000
       | 
       | Darin LaHood: $7000
       | 
       | Andy Barr: $2000
       | 
       | Ashley Hinson: $10000
       | 
       | Total: $34500
       | 
       | [0] https://www.opensecrets.org/political-action-committees-
       | pacs...
        
         | rany_ wrote:
         | I sure hope they aren't that cheap.
        
           | Zigurd wrote:
           | Buying politicians, other than the ones that are in the
           | headlines every day, is astonishingly cheap.
        
           | lolinder wrote:
           | As I understand it, the donation is not the price of
           | legislation, it's the price to get your foot in the door for
           | additional lobbying efforts later.
           | 
           | If a lobbyist connected to a donor requests a meeting, they
           | get it, and if the lobbyist can then make a convincing enough
           | case (preferably legally but sometimes otherwise) they can
           | get action in their favor.
        
       | NoMoreNicksLeft wrote:
       | Headlines so weird, you have to click...
       | 
       | I was thinking to myself, there's no way that someone's acting
       | like it's 1988 again, and we have to embargo this from leaving
       | the country for fear Saddam Hussein will use it to construct a 50
       | megaflops supercomputer with which to pre-calculate artillery
       | firing solution tables.
       | 
       | Then I clicked, and it really is that dumb. Way to go Congress.
        
       | tcgv wrote:
       | While I strongly agree with the blog post and letter, I believe
       | the letter would be more effective if it spent more time
       | explaining how the proposed restrictions will most likely
       | backfire, i.e., put the US in a less advantageous position to
       | defend its dominance in CPU technology with regard to China.
       | 
       | No politician or regulator would like to be labelled as someone
       | who favored a foreign competitor country.
        
         | m12k wrote:
         | "Any barrier for US persons' participation will only slow
         | American progress in developing and adopting this technology.
         | It will have an effect opposite of that intended by lawmakers."
         | 
         | Sounds like the letter/blog post already does make this point?
        
           | tcgv wrote:
           | It does. However, if this point were more central to the
           | letter, it would have a greater impact on the reader. For
           | instance, explicitly demonstrating the numerous ways in which
           | American progress could be impeded, explaining how China and
           | Chinese business owners could get ahead in RISC-V technology,
           | and maybe drawing an analogy with the restrictions imposed on
           | federal funding for stem cell research that affected the US
           | in the global landscape [1], among other examples.
           | 
           | Frequently, politicians prioritize their personal agendas and
           | interests, so it's essential to thoroughly address those
           | aspects.
           | 
           | PS: I'm not a US national, so I'm only analyzing the topic
           | rather than engaging in it.
           | 
           | [1] https://hsci.harvard.edu/impact-federal-policy-global-
           | compet...
        
       | mschuster91 wrote:
       | > This has long been a trade-off of American innovation
       | philosophy: we can freely exercise our First Amendment rights to
       | share ideas, creating a vibrant intellectual exchange, even at
       | the risk of others benefiting from reading our textbooks,
       | journals and patents.
       | 
       | Sometimes, we have to re-evaluate our positions. We cannot risk
       | supplying our enemies with stuff they can turn around and use as
       | weapons against ourselves any more. The sooner broader society
       | wakes up and realizes that we, as collective Western nations, are
       | _at war_ , the better. It may not be a "conventional" war yet,
       | but that doesn't make it less dangerous!
        
         | krispyfi wrote:
         | Have you ever read "The Player of Games" by Iain M. Banks? We
         | won't win by allowing the enemy to make us more like them.
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > We won't win by allowing the enemy to make us more like
           | them.
           | 
           | I agree on that when it comes to a ton of the "anti terror"
           | measures introduced after 9/11 because these are plain
           | bullshit that don't do any objective good, other than annoy
           | passengers.
           | 
           | But regarding high tech capability? Not at all. We have to do
           | everything we can to impede China's progress there, at all
           | costs - because the cost of a Chinese victory would be
           | outright catastrophic.
        
           | MeImCounting wrote:
           | "'War is a long cliff.' You can avoid the cliff completely,
           | you can walk along the top for as long as you have the nerve,
           | you can even choose to leap off, and if you only fall a short
           | way before you hit a ledge you can always scramble back up
           | again. Unless you're just plain invaded, there are always
           | choices, and even then, there's usually something you've
           | missed -- a choice you didn't make -- that could have avoided
           | invasion in the first place. You people still have your
           | choices. There's nothing inevitable about it."
           | 
           | -Banks - who ought to be quoted more often, here and
           | elsewhere
        
         | kragen wrote:
         | he said as he sent the japanese-americans to internment camps
         | 
         | except you aren't at war, you're trying to start one
        
           | mschuster91 wrote:
           | > except you aren't at war, you're trying to start one
           | 
           | I would rather like it for there to be _no_ war. The problem
           | is, that decision is not mine, it is not ours to make - China
           | and Russia did that for us, decades ago, when they decided to
           | wage cyber warfare on us: the Chinese mainly in industrial
           | espionage, and Russia in terms of propaganda and  "ordinary"
           | cyber crime. Unfortunately we didn't react on this, to the
           | contrary we kept on doing deals with them - all while the few
           | opposition in Russia and China got more and more silent or
           | outright sent to the gulags.
           | 
           | It was our inaction that allowed Xi and Putin to be where
           | they are today, and the cost of stopping both of them got
           | incredibly large as a result, like it tends to happen with
           | deferring problems to the future. Or to put it figuratively,
           | we stood there like a boxing sack while Xi and Putin punched
           | in on us.
           | 
           | Side note: The next one to watch on that front is India, IMHO
           | - Modi has been going ever more authoritarian for years, has
           | zero problem doing deals with Russia, and India is doing
           | absolutely _nothing_ to rein in their scam callcenters that
           | steal billions of dollars a year, and yet we don 't even take
           | care to re-home at least parts of the pharmaceutical industry
           | which is causing severe havoc as Europe, especially Germany,
           | is dealing with a massive shortage of basic medicine.
        
             | kragen wrote:
             | falsely claiming that non-war activities such as propaganda
             | are actually war, as you are doing, is an extremely common
             | way to try to start wars, and has been for millennia
             | 
             | you must think hn readers are astoundingly dumb
             | 
             | i mean, we are, but not that dumb
             | 
             | if you would like there to be no war, here are a couple of
             | things you could try
             | 
             | - don't try to dictate where rulers of foreign countries
             | get to be or to stop them from ruling their own countries
             | 
             | - don't exaggerate grievances like your industrial
             | espionage nonsense
             | 
             | like, let's suppose there's someone today posting on weibo
             | 'It was our inaction that allowed Biden to be where he is
             | today, and the cost of stopping him got incredibly large as
             | a result, like it tends to happen with deferring problems
             | to the future.' in chinese
             | 
             | do you think that hypothetical post makes war more likely
             | or less likely
        
       | gumby wrote:
       | Bunnie wrote this well by putting the important part right up
       | front: "The request is facially misguided; any restrictions would
       | only serve to reduce American participation in an important
       | emerging technology".
       | 
       | This is a problem the USA experienced (and was widely discussed)
       | during the cold war. It's so discouraging to see this self-
       | destructive approach being revived.
        
       | pjmlp wrote:
       | End of globalisation is coming, ironically forcing countries to
       | invest into their technology stacks like during the cold war,
       | with plenty of 8 and 16 bit computer clones to chose from.
        
       | chaostheory wrote:
       | Bunny's stance would have been reasonable if someone like Jiang
       | Zemin or Hu Jintao was in power, but Xi is different.
       | 
       | Not only has Xi blocked the West from accessing China's domestic
       | market, but Xi has essentially helped end globalism and started
       | decoupling with his foolish wolf warrior diplomatic policy and
       | the belligerent nine dash line. Let's also not forget about Xi's
       | invasion plans for Taiwan ie we're likely headed for war
       | https://youtu.be/plHRRFHZ_f0
       | 
       | You cannot ignore those issues if you want people to take your
       | position seriously.
        
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       (page generated 2023-11-06 21:01 UTC)