[HN Gopher] Appeals court denies judicial immunity to judge who ...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Appeals court denies judicial immunity to judge who personally
       searched home
        
       Author : ww520
       Score  : 165 points
       Date   : 2023-11-03 18:54 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ij.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ij.org)
        
       | ddoolin wrote:
       | Most relevant bit:
       | 
       | > During divorce proceedings between Matthew and his ex-wife,
       | Raleigh County family-court judge Louise Goldston personally
       | forced her way into Matthew's home under threats of arrest to
       | search for items that were in dispute. Accompanied by Matthew's
       | ex-wife, her attorney, and a bailiff (among others), Goldston
       | walked barefoot through the house, ordering Matthew's ex-wife to
       | seize DVDs, yearbooks, and pictures off the wall. Some of the
       | items didn't even belong to Matthew's ex-wife. And when Matthew
       | tried to record the encounter, the judge threatened him with
       | arrest.
       | 
       | This sounds like the ex-wife was close friend with the judge and
       | this was very personal. Pretty insane either way though.
        
         | mock-possum wrote:
         | Wow that is batshit. What kind of oversight was missing here?
         | How did this person possibly get to where she is without there
         | being red flags?
        
           | true_religion wrote:
           | This is from West Virginia, where a state delegate was
           | arrested and pulled from his house because he was one of the
           | people who stormed the capital to 'help' Trump:
           | 
           | https://www.nbcnews.com/politics/justice-
           | department/former-w...
           | 
           | West VA is not known for its upstanding political system. I
           | thought VA was better until 2021 when:
           | 
           | 1. The governor had a scandal about his yearbook photo
           | showing him (or best friend) in either a KKK hood or
           | blackface
           | 
           | 2. The vice-governor who wanted to replace him, immediately
           | had a scandal about being a possible rapist
           | 
           | 3. The attorney general, 2nd in line to replace the governor,
           | admitted he wore blackface "as an innocent joke, seriously"
           | 
           | So now, I'm of the notion that all east coast politicians are
           | hiding skeletons in their closets.
        
             | ryandrake wrote:
             | What is with politicians and blackface? How hard is it to
             | find someone to run for office who didn't wear blackface? I
             | remember at my university we even had a student government
             | leader embroiled in a scandal because he wore blackface at
             | a Halloween party.
             | 
             | People, stop with the blackface! How is this not obvious?
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | The problem is that it was apparently _far_ less obvious
               | 50 years ago... The sheer number of conservatives who
               | have been caught doing it shows it 's some kind of ex
               | post facto social norm. For liberals supporting
               | "traditional marriage" is the ex post facto norm but
               | there is much more forgiveness available for people who
               | spoke against gay marriage when Obama was against it.
               | There should probably be some kind of accepted system of
               | forgiveness... but the culture is run by its second most
               | progressive so I only expect it to be available for those
               | who merely failed to be the absolute most progressive _.
               | 
               | _ I have a good track record of being the absolute most
               | progressive for what it 's worth.
        
               | ryandrake wrote:
               | Yea, I get it, there's history and attitudes changing.
               | But, you'd think in 2021, someone thinking about running
               | for public office might take a few minutes, sit down, and
               | run through the checklist. You know, the basics: Did I
               | ever rape anyone? Was I in the KKK? Did I ever wear
               | blackface?
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | That's an, "arson, murder and jaywalking" list if I have
               | ever heard one. :-)
               | 
               | And no, I think that when those teenagers were donning
               | their offensive Halloween costumes, they did not think it
               | was going to cause serious offense decades in the future.
        
               | true_religion wrote:
               | [delayed]
        
               | csa wrote:
               | > Did I ever rape anyone? Was I in the KKK? Did I ever
               | wear blackface?
               | 
               | I think this is a gross oversimplification. Let me
               | modernize the questions for the current era (since the
               | alleged infractions were decades ago):
               | 
               | 1. Have I ever touch someone romantically in any way
               | without asking for explicit permission and receiving
               | explicit approval?
               | 
               | This is the alleged "standard" these days, although I
               | think that it is only strictly adhered to in one very
               | narrow social group. Overall, "feeling safe" and
               | "respect" seems to be more common than it was many
               | decades ago, but those are still a far cry from explicit
               | consent at every step that some folks use as a
               | "standard".
               | 
               | So if a potential politician cannot answer yes to this,
               | then they leave themselves to being accused of being a
               | rapist and/or sexual predator.
               | 
               | 2. Am I in a social group that has a racial mix that does
               | not approximate the local ratios (esp. if white)?
               | 
               | California, where I live, is taking stances on equality
               | that focus on outcomes more than opportunities.
               | 
               | An unfortunate byproduct of this is that a group that is
               | open to all groups, has members of at least all major
               | groups, and has no policy or pattern of discrimination
               | can still be called racist if their racial ratios are not
               | at a certain level.
               | 
               | This basically means that most private clubs are "racist"
               | by this definition.
               | 
               | Moose, Rotary, Chambers of Commerce, golf clubs,
               | fraternities and sororities, American Legion branches,
               | Masons (even Prince Hall), etc. are all organizations
               | that have active members now that _could be_ deemed
               | "racist" if "racism" is defined as equality of outcome
               | (as it is currently in CA K-12 education).
               | 
               | Any potential policitian who is a member of one of these
               | groups runs the risk of being called a racist.
               | 
               | 3. Have I ever worn a costume of a character that is not
               | my race?
               | 
               | Moana, Mulan, Tiana, Jasmine, Pocahontas, are some Disney
               | characters that are potentially out of bounds.
               | 
               | Luke Cage, Blue Marvel, Storm, Blade, Misty Knight, Black
               | Panther, and Moon Girl are Marvel characters that are
               | potentially out of bounds.
               | 
               | Any potential politician has to make sure that they have
               | not worn any of these sorts of costumes, since at some
               | point they may be accused of being racist or engaging in
               | cultural appropriation.
               | 
               | Times change, people make mistakes, people grow... we
               | need to allow space for this, especially when a
               | questionable action was not done with malicious intent.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | The KKK was a violent organization 100 years ago, there
               | is no surprise that it would disqualify you from office.
               | Literally nobody in that group is surprised to find that
               | outsiders think they are too racist...
        
               | csa wrote:
               | > The KKK was a violent organization 100 years ago, there
               | is no surprise that it would disqualify you from office.
               | 
               | 1. David Duke, a former _Grand Wizard of the KKK_ , held
               | elected office in Louisiana from 1989 to 1992.
               | 
               | Not only do I think that it did not disqualify him, I'm
               | guessing his former office helped him get elected.
               | 
               | 2. Strom Thurmond, who was a vocal critic of integration
               | and was in the Senate until 2003 (he was over 100yo), was
               | a known racist. He later supported desegregation, but his
               | racist attitudes in his personal life (e.g., word usage)
               | allegedly didn't change much.
               | 
               | Despite being very regressive in many of his views, he
               | continued to get elected to office for over four decades
               | (until 20 years ago, mind you), and he wielded immense
               | power in the Senate.
               | 
               | 3. There are no shortage of current national-level
               | politicians, like Marjorie Taylor Greene and Tommy
               | Tuberville, who make explicit racist comments and plenty
               | of dog whistle racist comments. They seem to have no
               | problem getting elected.
               | 
               | Being racist or violent only very narrowly limits
               | potential political positions one can run for, imho.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | You're drawing conclusions from the most extreme
               | politicians you can find in the deepest backwaters of
               | this nation. The only reason we hear so much about them
               | is that running news items on what they do is like
               | running campaign ads for everyone else.
        
               | flutas wrote:
               | I don't think it's a partisan issue as you're trying to
               | make it, "the sheer number of conservatives."
               | 
               | Even Justin Trudeau has blackface pictures out there.
        
               | whatshisface wrote:
               | I think Trudeau is certainly not progressive by Canadian
               | standards!
        
               | true_religion wrote:
               | [delayed]
        
             | Gibbon1 wrote:
             | Gov Newsom boinked his campaign managers wife. Gov
             | Schwarzenegger knocked up his housekeeper. Not sure that
             | impacted their day job but gives me some pause.
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | Only East coast ones?
             | 
             | I think a closet full of skeletons is pretty much required
             | for any political candidate!
        
               | samus wrote:
               | Makes it easier for the party or other handlers to keep
               | them in line...
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | I'm confused- if a state delegate stormed the capitol
             | (breaking a law), why wouldn't they be arrested and pulled
             | from their house? Or are you saying it's crazy that a
             | person who was elected to be a state delegate would then
             | storm the capitol (that only occurred to me after typing my
             | first question)?
             | 
             | Interesting- after being arrested, he resigned his delegate
             | position and took full responsibility, plead guilty, went
             | to jail, and then _renounced his admission of guilt_. What
             | a quality fellow.
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | Entering the Capitol in a protest by itself is not
               | unusual. Protests occur in the Capitol regularly. Without
               | the retrospective view and full knowledge of January 6,
               | "storming the Capitol" appears in a different light, if
               | you concerned about the mens rea of the delegate. It is
               | likely that the vast majority of people that day, the
               | hardliner crazies excepted, had no idea or expectation
               | they'd be facing charges.
        
               | dekhn wrote:
               | I agree, entering the capitol in a peaceful was is not
               | unusual (we saw an occupation of the rotunda only a few
               | days ago).
               | 
               | But from the very first moments the aggresive crowd was
               | gathering outside the capitol, it was pretty clear it was
               | a lawless event (I watched the whole thing realtime on
               | several different news sources). For example if the door
               | to the capitol is locked and people start breaking
               | windows to enter... that moves from "protest" to
               | "storming" pretty much instantly. And he filmed himself
               | with a helmet on, going through the broken-into doors.
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | Oh sure, it definitely devolved into a riot, and I can't
               | say anything about this guy in particular because I don't
               | know the details. My point is that just showing up to a
               | protest in or at the Capitol is not really an unusual
               | thing, and most of the people there, probably including
               | the delegate, had no idea there'd be any consequences.
               | 
               | Peaceful is sort of a spectrum too - it's not uncommon
               | for Congressmen and their assistants to get shoved a
               | little, screamed at in their faces, spit on, that sort of
               | thing. Sort of an occupational hazard. Sometimes it makes
               | for great photographs. Certainly what happened that day
               | exceeded the norm, though, which meant a lot of people
               | who showed up with legal motives got wrapped up in
               | something else. Unfortunately it's become so politicized
               | (in part thanks to very bad reporting the day of) it's
               | rare to have a sensible discussion about it - thanks for
               | your response - and clearly you know more about this
               | particular situation than I do.
        
             | csa wrote:
             | > So now, I'm of the notion that all east coast politicians
             | are hiding skeletons in their closets.
             | 
             | Serious question...
             | 
             | What percentage of people do you think have not done
             | something in their youth (let's generously call that 22 and
             | under) that would offend one or more groups of people?
             | 
             | Of those, what percentage do you think want to become
             | politicians?
             | 
             | My guess is that the Venn diagram of these two groups
             | rounds to 0%.
             | 
             | People make mistakes, sometimes egregious, though sometimes
             | (often times?) without malice.
             | 
             | If we want a wider pool to select our public figures from,
             | we need to find room to forgive folks for transgressions if
             | we can reasonably conclude that they have grown from and/or
             | beyond their more offensive mistakes, especially if they
             | occurred when the person in question was younger.
             | 
             | Just my 2 cents...
        
             | michaelmrose wrote:
             | To play devil's advocate
             | 
             | > In 1980, when I was a 19-year-old undergraduate in
             | college, some friends suggested we attend a party dressed
             | like rappers we listened to at the time, like Kurtis Blow,
             | and perform a song," Herring said in a statement. "It
             | sounds ridiculous even now writing it. But because of our
             | ignorance and glib attitudes - and because we did not have
             | an appreciation for the experiences and perspectives of
             | others - we dressed up and put on wigs and brown makeup.
             | 
             | https://www.cnn.com/2019/02/06/politics/virginia-attorney-
             | ge...
             | 
             | Seems more stupid and less evil than I would have thought.
        
           | hotnfresh wrote:
           | There are _a lot_ of judges in the US, very few voters pay
           | any attention to them and just re-elect whoever, many aren 't
           | elected in the first place, and there are rarely any
           | standards for who is or is not eligible to sit on the bench.
           | Many counties and small towns are very corrupt (in a
           | captured-by-a-family-or-two-and-their-pals kind of way) with
           | the result that lots of local officials are at best terrible
           | at their jobs, and at worst are actively breaking the law.
           | All kinds of bad conduct happens at that level, most of it
           | never making the news at all.
        
             | cogman10 wrote:
             | One thing I'll add, this is also a symptom of the death of
             | local journalism.
             | 
             | Even for decently populated areas, there's simply very
             | little access to journalism covering things like local
             | candidates. All news has become national. Local news
             | broadcasts have pretty much died, all purchased by the
             | sinclair broadcasting group.
             | 
             | Just try and get information on someone running for a city
             | level offices. It's hard enough for officials with public
             | meetings. But judges?
        
               | btilly wrote:
               | I have found that the League of Woman Voters often
               | provides voter guides where you can read about every
               | local candidate. Their positions, their website, answers
               | to questions, and so on.
               | 
               | For judges in California, that generally includes a
               | review about how well qualified they are.
               | 
               | I've found that very helpful in past elections for making
               | decisions on local candidates. Which are the ones where
               | my vote is most likely to make a difference. But which
               | would otherwise be impossible for me to inform myself on.
        
               | lazide wrote:
               | Death of local news makes it worse, but this has always
               | been an issue. Like literally since before the
               | revolutionary war type 'always', and certainly long
               | before that too.
               | 
               | Means of control get hijacked by bad actors until they
               | screw up bad enough they can't be ignored, to be replaced
               | by... someone. Who is not such an obvious bad actor.
               | Sometimes they're even good! For awhile, anyway.
        
             | neaden wrote:
             | I live in Cook County Illinois and have to vote up and down
             | on a fairly absurd number of judges, I think last time was
             | around 60. My wife and I usually try to split it up and
             | each research half, and it still takes a pretty decent
             | chunk of time, definitely more then I spend on figuring out
             | who I will vote for in all other elections combined.
        
               | pc86 wrote:
               | I got married in Cook County. My apologies.
        
             | sidewndr46 wrote:
             | It isn't "many". The de-facto assumption should be a small
             | government entity is corrupt. Anything else is an
             | unreasonable assumption.
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | The fact that we're electing judges at all is insane.
             | Elections are by definition partisan things, even when you
             | don't list party. I've lived in states with "non-partisan"
             | judge elections, and anyone remotely connected to a
             | political party knows who is what and just votes that way.
             | Yeah it prevents someone from just pulling a straight-
             | ticket lever in the booth without doing any research but
             | that's about it.
             | 
             | Your average voter has absolutely no business deciding the
             | quality of someone's legal education, scholarship, etc.
             | Hell one state I lived in most of the "judges" handling
             | minor offenses like traffic tickets and small claims court
             | had never been to law school, never served in any criminal
             | justice role, they just ran for the seat and got it. It's a
             | joke.
             | 
             | Appointing judges has its own host of problems but at least
             | then you'll get people who are on the surface qualified to
             | read, understand, and interpret the law.
        
               | function_seven wrote:
               | No disagreement here about the failings of elected
               | judges, but if partisanship is something to be avoided,
               | then having appointed judges can often be just as bad.
               | The politician doing the appointments will surely pick
               | judges that align with their party's ideals.
               | 
               | In the best case, when the executive and the legislature
               | are in opposition--and appointments must clear both
               | branches--then you have opposing forces that hopefully
               | weed out the most partisan of judges.
               | 
               | My proposal is to have candidate judges throw their name
               | on a list. Whenever a spot needs filling, then each of 3
               | committees makes their selections from that list. Those 3
               | committees would be (1) current judges, (2) prosecutors,
               | and (3) defense attorneys.
               | 
               | Only if a majority of each group blesses a candidate,
               | would that candidate be eligible for appointment by the
               | governor.
        
               | yndoendo wrote:
               | I would argue the ability to elect judges by constitutes
               | is the only means to work around gerrymandering. The
               | people are then allowed to override the legislative
               | branch.
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | Electing judges does not preclude having legal
               | requirements for running or holding the position. I'd
               | wager more states have requirements like "must have
               | practiced law in state x for y years" than not. Mine
               | does.
               | 
               | Going into this judge's background, she was originally
               | appointed a Family Master before becoming a judge, so
               | evidently the wisdom of appointments did not save people
               | from her either.
               | 
               | Edit: are we sure this is an elected position in WV? I am
               | looking at the county elections and don't see judges
               | listed on the results or ballot. Her replacement was
               | appointed by the governor with no mention of it being
               | interim u til an election.
               | 
               | Edit2: they are indeed elected, with eight year terms,
               | which is why I did not see it. But the judge in question
               | was again someone previously appointed to a family master
               | position and then elected - and family master would
               | definitely be prior qualification. Additionally these
               | judges in WV must be a member on good standing with the
               | bar and have a minimum of five years practicing law in
               | WV.
        
               | PLenz wrote:
               | In most states there is no requirement for elected judges
               | to have any experience in law
        
               | Amezarak wrote:
               | Do you have a source for that? I took the totally
               | unscientific method of sampling every southern border-ish
               | state I could think of: California, Nevada, Arizona, New
               | Mexico, Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia,
               | and Florida. Of those 10, 9 required 5-10 years
               | experience as an attorney in that state. Only Arizona did
               | not have that requirement. I couldn't find a
               | comprehensive list.
        
               | __derek__ wrote:
               | Appointed judges are just another form of patronage. The
               | process is no less partisan than an election, and
               | arguably more so because of the small coalition that
               | actually needs to be onboard.
        
               | macintux wrote:
               | Still, an elected official with a track record of
               | appointing manifestly unqualified judges will attract
               | more news attention than a manifestly unqualified judge
               | winning an election.
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | Wait until you hear about places electing a coroner who
               | may or may not be any sort of medical professional.
        
           | vkou wrote:
           | Many, many judges are elected, and like with any elected
           | office, there is no shortage of people ready to vote in
           | absolutely despicable/incompetent/despicable and incompetent
           | candidates.
           | 
           | Firing someone who was elected is also incredibly difficult.
           | 
           | In West Virginia, the qualifications to become a county
           | Magistrate Judge (Empowering you to issue arrest and search
           | warrants, find people guilty of misdemeanors, conduct
           | preliminary examinations in felony cases, and preside over
           | small claims court)... Are a _high school diploma_.
           | 
           | In fact, it's illegal in that state to _require_ magistrates
           | to have a law degree.
           | 
           | This particular judge was a family court judge - one step up
           | the food chain - which, at least requires them to be a
           | lawyer...
        
             | lazide wrote:
             | Many judges are appointed (like all federal judges, and
             | many state ones).
        
               | andylynch wrote:
               | In England you can volunteer as a magistrate for the
               | lower courts. Training provided, no prior legal
               | experience necessary. Legal advisers in the court;
               | serious (indictable) offences get referred up to an
               | appointed judge. If you're a juror and say you found the
               | experience worthwhile the users will encourage you to
               | sign up.
        
             | qingcharles wrote:
             | Huh. I'm even surprised you need a high school diploma. As
             | you say, a lot of jurisdictions do not require any legal
             | training, which is total insanity.
             | 
             | Though, in my experience, most state court judges do not
             | apply the law very often to causes in front of the court,
             | they mostly just apply emotion.
        
           | runlevel1 wrote:
           | It's more difficult to hold elected judges accountable. An
           | impeachment removing a judge put in place by a non-partisan
           | vote is a bigger deal than impeachment of someone appointment
           | by the governor. (Though, West Virginia did impeach their
           | entire state Supreme Court for dodgy spending a few years
           | ago.[^1])
           | 
           | This judge was elected 3 times. But most people will blindly
           | reelect the existing judges. That's hardly surprising since
           | in most states reviewing a judge's performance takes some
           | effort. For example, here's Colorado's.[^2] A quick Google
           | search didn't seem to turn up anything equivalent in West
           | Virginia.
           | 
           | But if you want to dive deeper into how judicial misconduct
           | can go unchecked, you should read about the PA Cash for Kids
           | Scandal.[^3]
           | 
           | However, I don't want to give the impression that I think
           | this is a common problem. Watch proceedings in any random
           | Zoom/YouTube court proceeding and you'll find judges
           | faithfully applying the law.[^4] But when misconduct does
           | happen, it's _really_ bad.
           | 
           | [1]: https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/all-west-virginia-
           | s-sup... [2]:
           | https://judicialperformance.colorado.gov/2022-judicial-
           | perfo... [3]:
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kids_for_cash_scandal [4]: Many
           | of Michigan and Georgia's courts are still broadcasting live
           | on YouTube if you're actually curious.
        
         | BenFeldman1930 wrote:
         | Why barefoot?
        
           | hotnfresh wrote:
           | Didn't want to track bullshit all over the carpet?
        
           | kolanos wrote:
           | > Why barefoot?
           | 
           | She was making herself at home. There's video of this on
           | YouTube. [0]
           | 
           | [0]: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GVZFUiXkCEA
        
             | charles_f wrote:
             | This one doesn't show, but this one does:
             | https://youtu.be/K7f6uevARno?t=375
             | 
             | I'd put that more on following others who removed the shoes
             | inside, including both the ex-wife and ex-husband.
             | 
             | But that seems to have had an importance in the judgment,
             | which talks about not wearing a robe and not wearing shoes,
             | making it unusual.
        
           | jey wrote:
           | This fear of bare feet is uniquely American. In many other
           | cultures it is considered much more disrespectful and
           | disgusting to wear outdoor shoes inside a home.
        
             | mcpackieh wrote:
             | It's not some sort of footphobia (where does America even
             | come into this? I am American and taking off shoes is the
             | custom in any house that somebody makes a pretense of
             | keeping clean. Do you think we all live in barns?) It's
             | about the judge not having any of trappings of a judicial
             | proceeding, she wasn't wearing a robe and was generally
             | behaving very informally. Taking off her shoes was part of
             | that. Taking off her shoes to protect the floor shouldn't
             | have ever come up because she should never have been in the
             | house in the first place. Since she wasn't acting like a
             | judge, she wasn't entitled to judicial immunity.
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | > where does America even come into this?
               | 
               | > I am American and taking off shoes is the custom in any
               | house that somebody makes a pretense of keeping clean.
               | 
               | I've watched way too many movies depicting americans
               | wearing shoes not only inside their home but _in bed_.
               | Always weirded me out and I always wondered if this was a
               | normal thing.
               | 
               | So... Is it true?
        
               | vips7L wrote:
               | ...is everything you watch on TV true?
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | Most aren't but many things are.
               | 
               | https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/TruthInTelevi
               | sio...
               | 
               | https://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/RealityIsUnre
               | ali...
        
               | RoyalHenOil wrote:
               | It is normal for Americans to wear shoes indoors, but it
               | is also normal for Americans to have a no-shoes-indoors
               | policy.
               | 
               | To a large extent, it depends on the local environment.
               | In places that are snowy, muddy, or sandy, people are
               | more likely to expect guests to not wear shoes past the
               | mud room. But in places where shoes stay reasonably
               | clean, people are less likely to ask guests to remove
               | shoes.
               | 
               | I have never heard of anyone wearing shoes in bed. That's
               | super weird. Which movies show that?
        
               | matheusmoreira wrote:
               | > Which movies show that?
               | 
               | Home Alone (1990) immediately comes to mind.
               | 
               | https://productplacementblog.com/wp-
               | content/uploads/2018/12/...
        
               | khazhoux wrote:
               | > I've watched way too many movies depicting americans
               | wearing shoes not only inside their home but in bed
               | 
               | This indeed is how Hollywood popularly depicted
               | Americans, as wearing shoes to bed, in the bathtub or
               | shower, while swimming, and so on. There's the famous
               | line the the Humphrey Bogart / Katherine Hepburn film "A
               | Time To Stand" where the robbers tell Bogie they're going
               | to clean him out, and he says "you can take anything you
               | want, but you're not getting my shoes!"
               | 
               | There was an episode of This American Life where they
               | delved into Hollywood's preoccupation with people never
               | (ever) taking off their shoes, and one of the things they
               | go into is how Johnston & Murphy (old shoe company) was
               | one of the biggest funders of the original Silver Age
               | studios. It was maybe the first instance of product
               | placement, right up there with cigarettes. Of course
               | Congress eventually got involved in the late 50s and
               | pushed the shoe industry out, paving the way for movies
               | like George Pal's "The Time Machine" which scandalously
               | showed Yvette Mimiuex's bare feet. The French were
               | laughing at us, though, with directors life Truffaut and
               | Godard already showing casual barefootedness in their
               | experimental shorts ("La Pantoufle Perdue" being the
               | best-known and most influential).
        
               | michaelmrose wrote:
               | It's perfectly normal in a lot of homes to wear shoes
               | throughout the house but not in bed.
        
             | georgeecollins wrote:
             | I don't think it is a fear of bare feet exactly, its more
             | like Americans often wear shoes in their houses. Taking off
             | your shoes is a bit more casual so it implies a sort of
             | familiarity.
             | 
             | Americans also don't typically (you can't completely
             | generalize) have rooms where you sit on the floor or a mat.
             | In cultures where you do that it makes even more sense to
             | take off your shoes. They also typically have really big
             | houses compared to a lot of other places, with bigger lots
             | that contain indoor or outdoor spaces. In my own house, you
             | could walk in the front door, walk through the living room
             | or dining room and just continue the conversation in the
             | patio furniture in the back yard. I think its cleaner to
             | take off your shoes, and people sometimes do when they come
             | to visit, or ask if they should.
        
               | crooked-v wrote:
               | Wearing shoes in houses really depends on region. Do that
               | in New England and somebody's going to (possibly
               | literally) scream at you for tracking in the snow or mud.
        
             | hotnfresh wrote:
             | It's not fear of bare feet, it's this official coming by,
             | backed by cops, to take your shit, but then doing something
             | that either reads as very familiar or else quite respectful
             | (but in a pretty minor way).
             | 
             | It's like a burglar who takes your grandma's jewelry, and
             | eats a sandwich out of the fridge while they're at it, but
             | is careful to wipe up all the crumbs and load the plate in
             | the dishwasher. WTF?
        
         | kolanos wrote:
         | > This sounds like the ex-wife was close friend with the judge
         | and this was very personal. Pretty insane either way though.
         | 
         | Actually this judge had a long track record of doing things
         | like this. She ran into the wrong civil rights attorney.
        
           | plagiarist wrote:
           | What a profound failure of justice that it occurred even
           | once, but wow, multiple times without sufficient consequences
           | to stop it.
        
           | vhcr wrote:
           | The _right_ civil rights attorney.
        
             | khazhoux wrote:
             | The civil _right_ attorney
        
               | foobar1962 wrote:
               | Right.
        
         | konstantinua00 wrote:
         | > barefoot
         | 
         | ...why was this detail added? i-is it even positive or
         | negative? did the writer have foot fetish or shoes fetish?
         | 
         | one word, but many more questions
        
           | eftychis wrote:
           | Why barefoot exactly? Something is missing here. When you
           | execute a search it is not like you go around removing shoes.
           | Then again usually that search and seizure is legal and not
           | executed by the "judge..."
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | It implies unprofessionality on behalf of the barefoot
           | person. And possibly haste or even mental instability.
           | Normally law enforcement wear substantial shoes or boots to
           | avoid accidental or malicious injury. You never know if
           | you're searching someone's house if they've left tacks out on
           | the floor.
        
           | alwa wrote:
           | It seems like another detail supporting the idea that this
           | "search" was highly irregular, casting it as far removed from
           | a legitimate, professional exercise of official power.
           | 
           | We're lucky as hacker types that we can sometimes do our jobs
           | barefoot and in casual clothes, but I can't think of any
           | situation (other than this one) where an agent of the state
           | executes their official duties unshod.
        
             | bondarchuk wrote:
             | Lifeguards!
        
             | sandworm101 wrote:
             | Fighter pilots. Search and rescue crews. I have personally
             | seen more than a few at work in socks or bare feet. If your
             | job requires you to quickly don survival kit or
             | flightsuits, you hang around at work without shoes on. Also
             | some military air traffic controllers and operations people
             | on long shifts. I have done more than a few late nights at
             | desks beside colored telephones, not always with my boots
             | on.
             | 
             | And I know of some occassions where cops have taken off
             | thier boots when entering certain religeous places.
        
           | op00to wrote:
           | I would never execute a search barefoot. Only a mad person
           | would consider that professional.
        
         | dekhn wrote:
         | What I don't understand (from watching the video from outside
         | the house) is why the cop helped the judge enter the house
         | after the owner of the house pointed out she didn't have a
         | warrant, and didn't prevent the ex from taking thiings from the
         | house.
         | 
         | I would have expected- naively, of course- that once it was
         | pointed out that the judge was trespassing, didn't have a
         | warrant, and wasn't allowed to do this, the cop would have
         | stopped her.
        
           | JumpCrisscross wrote:
           | > _why the cop helped the judge enter the house after the
           | owner of the house pointed out she didn 't have a warrant_
           | 
           | I can understand a non-lawyer deferring to the lawyer (and
           | judge) in their midst. If I were with my (non-judge) lawyer
           | and they started doing something surprising, my first
           | instinct wouldn't be to restrain them.
        
             | JoeAltmaier wrote:
             | Especially since judges write warrants. It was a
             | technicality from that point of view?
        
               | sandworm101 wrote:
               | No. A basic idea of any warrant is that you need two
               | people to do something. If judges can write, sign and
               | execute warrants, then we are into Judge Dred territory.
               | 
               | There is also a general principal that lawyers and judges
               | should not turn themselves into witnesses. This judge
               | just made herself a witness should any siezed material
               | need be debated in court. Judges dont attend lineups or
               | medical tests, nor should they attened searches.
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | Not restrain the judge. Again, I'm naive here- but I still
             | would have expected the cop to say "Hey judge, can we talk
             | for a second? If I underestand correctly, judges cannot
             | perform law enforcement duty, and more importantly, there
             | is no warrant permitting you to enter. How about we go back
             | to the office and discuss this more widely with the police
             | chief, as I don't feel comfortable possibly abetting you
             | breaking the law. If it turns out it's OK, we can return
             | later to obtain the items."
             | 
             | My guess is the cop was simply ignorant of the law and more
             | than happy to help the judge, ignorantly. But I'm curious
             | if we was sanctioned or if ther was any consequence to him
             | at all.
        
           | pjc50 wrote:
           | lol
           | 
           | All these people think hierarchy first, text second; if the
           | judge is ordering it, that's sufficient for it to be legal.
           | Especially in a small town.
        
             | Crunchified wrote:
             | Exactly. After all, who do the police go to in order to
             | obtain a search warrant? A judge, of course!
             | 
             | To the police (and bailiffs, too, I would think), the
             | judiciary is the source of all their powers.
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | From the description in the article, the cop was a bailiff--a
           | law enforcement officer working for the court to enforce the
           | orders of the judge.
        
             | dekhn wrote:
             | Yes, but -- again, naively, this is not my area of
             | expertise- I still would have expected a bailiff, when
             | presented with a reasonable argument that the judge would
             | be doing something illegal, to not escort the judge into
             | the house unquestioningly. Already I think bailiffs are
             | normally mostly limited to courthouse?
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Yes, but -- again, naively, this is not my area of
               | expertise- I still would have expected a bailiff, when
               | presented with a reasonable argument that the judge would
               | be doing something illegal, to not escort the judge into
               | the house unquestioningly.
               | 
               | Bailiffs' jobs are literally to provide immediate
               | enforcement of the judges determinations of what is
               | lawful. The normal expectation is that any legal
               | arguments will be presented to and resolved
               | (conclusively, for purposes of the bailiff, as any appeal
               | will be after the execution of any orders) by the judge.
               | 
               | > Already I think bailiffs are normally mostly limited to
               | courthouse?
               | 
               |  _Judges_ mostly work in the courthouse, but bailiffs
               | aren 't generally, that I know of, limited to it so much
               | as that being normally where they are needed by virtue of
               | where court work tends to happen.
        
               | 3c6bYDXLMj wrote:
               | This not being your area of expertise does not alone
               | justify your naivety. There's plenty laid in mainstream
               | circles about US law enforcement overstepping when they
               | feel like they're going to get away with it.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | LOL. No officer wants to fight a contempt charge from an
           | angry judge. A judge ordered me arrested without issuing a
           | warrant and it cost me three years. Only yesterday did I try
           | a FOIA to get a copy of the non-existent warrant, here was
           | the reply:
           | 
           | "Please be advised that we conducted a diligent search based
           | on the information you provided. However, no records were
           | found in response to your request."
        
             | giantg2 wrote:
             | How did it take 3 years?
        
               | danielheath wrote:
               | Have you ever dealt with a court? 3 months to get a court
               | date, and the other party can find all manner of grounds
               | to have the case put off until later on the day (so you
               | need another 3 months).
        
               | giantg2 wrote:
               | Yes, I have dealt with courts. How exactly did they even
               | get a court date without any documentation?
        
               | devwastaken wrote:
               | The dept of justice is intentionally one of the least
               | funded and most important orgs in the U.S. if the system
               | of laws and enforcement were efficient you would see
               | powerful people in prison. Therefore, it is inefficient.
        
               | qingcharles wrote:
               | I was locked up during COVID. That stopped the courts for
               | basically two years.
        
           | giantg2 wrote:
           | "is why the cop helped the judge enter the house after the
           | owner of the house pointed out she didn't have a warrant,"
           | 
           | Because judges can ruin cops lives too. There's virtually no
           | oversight of judges. They granted themselves such secrecy
           | that even if their disciplinary files have exculpatory
           | evidence, you're not allowed to subpoena it. And the
           | discipline is usually only related to egregious acts of
           | misconduct. Stuff like incompetence or bending the rules or
           | being inconsistent is basically ignored.
           | 
           | Plenty of videos online of judges being let out of reaffic
           | stops and such while being assholes about it too.
        
           | __derek__ wrote:
           | Yes, that's a naive view of American law enforcement.
        
         | mozman wrote:
         | Pretty standard in small southern towns. You'll see this when
         | you get a ticket. Good old boys club.
        
         | Amezarak wrote:
         | I read other reporting while trying to find biographical
         | information about the judge, and the reporting is rather one-
         | sided. The judge was certainly overstepped and was doing
         | something wrong and illegal but it wasn't quite as egregious as
         | that.
         | 
         | In family law cases, she regularly entered the homes of and had
         | meetings there with the involved parties, though typically she
         | had one of the parties request the motion and in this case she
         | did it herself. She usually required the consent of both
         | parties legal representation before going through with it. The
         | guy involved represented himself and didn't realize he should
         | have objected until it was too late and they were there. He'd
         | been held in contempt for allegedly not turning over property
         | she had ordered him to, which he said he didn't have, and
         | entering the house and searching it was her way of establishing
         | that. Clearly out there, wacky, and illegal, but not quite so
         | egregious as the article represents.
         | 
         | You can see how the judge probably thought she was being
         | practical and fair minded, but nevertheless hugely overstepped.
         | 
         | https://www.abajournal.com/news/article/judge-who-searched-l...
        
       | rendall wrote:
       | I've been following this case for awhile. The lawyer who argued
       | the case, John Bryan, has a YouTube channel that I subscribe to.
       | In this video, he discusses the victory.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/K7f6uevARno
        
         | mcpackieh wrote:
         | This video is infuriating, she and the cops that helped her
         | should all be criminally charged.
        
         | alwaysrunning wrote:
         | He does great work.
        
       | ww520 wrote:
       | Is the judge criminally liable for the forced home entry? Or is
       | this a civil suit?
        
         | dmoy wrote:
         | It's a civil suit
         | 
         | > Is the judge criminally liable for the forced home entry?
         | 
         | This could also be true, but you'd need a prosecutor to take up
         | the case
        
           | 77pt77 wrote:
           | That will never happen because other judges would never allow
           | that prosecutor to win anything ever again.
        
             | dmoy wrote:
             | Maybe? Probably not relevant? Family court and criminal
             | court are pretty separated. There's not a lot of overlap in
             | judges or lawyers, and afaik there aren't any state
             | prosecutors going to family court to try cases.
        
             | ksherlock wrote:
             | It's a family court judge so she's not dealing with
             | criminal matters. And if for some reason that came up, the
             | prosecutor can demand a recusal.
        
             | qingcharles wrote:
             | And most prosecutors are looking for a judgeship. Most
             | judges are ex-prosecutors.
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | Even if it was, the judge will elect a bench trial and get
           | one of his friends to decide the verdict. I saw that done on
           | a high-profile case recently.
        
         | duxup wrote:
         | > When Matthew sued the judge for these egregious violations of
         | constitutional rights
         | 
         | In this case it is a civil suit.
        
         | LegitShady wrote:
         | she was first censured and fined $1000 by the Supreme Court of
         | Appeals of West Virginia, but still said (under oath) she
         | thought she didn't do anything wrong and would re-run for
         | election. A delegate in the house of delegates said that since
         | she thought she didn't do anything wrong, she was at risk of
         | committing similar violations so introduced a resolution to
         | have her impeached. She resigned and retired before it could go
         | through. Two additional judges were charged with violations of
         | the Judicial code for trying to interfere - one
         | resigned/retired and the other was removed for the rest of her
         | term.
         | 
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EyxkQXCr5tA
        
           | ww520 wrote:
           | > Two additional judges were charged with violations of the
           | Judicial code for trying to interfere
           | 
           | So these judges formed a clique and covered each other? You
           | heard of police covering up each other's wrong doing. You
           | rarely heard of judges doing it.
        
             | 77pt77 wrote:
             | Of course they did.
             | 
             | How do you think they get to those positions?
        
               | lazyasciiart wrote:
               | Direct election, for many judges in the US. You don't
               | need other judges to support you for that.
        
             | qingcharles wrote:
             | A judge here recently committed a crime, and then elected
             | to proceed on a bench trial so he was tried by his friend,
             | instead of a jury, and the judge found him not guilty
             | pretty quickly :)
        
           | mccrory wrote:
           | I love how police and judges can simply retire if they've
           | been breaking the law long enough. Why should these criminals
           | get to retire? Why should they get to collect a pension?
        
       | mcpackieh wrote:
       | Totally insane. Think about how many other cases she had a part
       | in, could somebody this nuts have been an impartial judge in any
       | of those cases?
        
       | ultra_nick wrote:
       | Judges and police shouldn't have legal immunities.
       | 
       | Professionals doing jobs over $10k should have to buy malpractice
       | insurance like doctors.
       | 
       | There's a bill to end qualified immunity currently.
       | https://www.congress.gov/bill/117th-congress/house-bill/1470
        
         | JumpCrisscross wrote:
         | > _Judges and police shouldn 't have legal immunities_
         | 
         | This is like saying employees should be personally liable for
         | mistakes they make at work. Under egregious circumstances, yes.
         | Otherwise, it's their employer's liability.
         | 
         | So yes, _some_ immunity is necessary. The problem is the
         | current standards of police immunity don't seem to make sense.
         | (I see no issue with present standards of judicial immunity.)
         | 
         | > _Professionals doing jobs over $10k should have to buy
         | malpractice insurance like doctors_
         | 
         | One, this would obviously be paid for by taxpayers. Nothing
         | would change except some insurance brokers would make money.
         | Two, you want a private company gating the courts? Who would
         | you expect to impartially adjudicate _their_ disputes?
        
           | PopAlongKid wrote:
           | >This is like saying employees should be personally liable
           | for mistakes they make at work.
           | 
           | No, it isn't--poor choice of a strawman. This judge's actions
           | were not a "mistake", they were a deliberate abuse of power.
        
             | pc86 wrote:
             | Which is egregious. Which means they shouldn't have any
             | immunity. Which appears to have been exactly what was
             | decided in this case. I agree with you that seems to have
             | been handled exactly as it should have been.
             | 
             | It's a leap to go from that to "end all immunity in all
             | circumstances."
        
               | nwiswell wrote:
               | What about ending the _presumption_ of immunity? It was
               | an uphill battle in this case to strip the judge 's
               | immunity.
               | 
               | Almost certainly this judge abused individuals who did
               | not have the resources to defend their rights. Perhaps
               | the burden of proof should not be so onerous.
               | 
               | Maybe the solution is that the employer (in this case the
               | WV judiciary) has the option to accept liability. If they
               | do so, immunity is presumed. If the employer _rejects_
               | the liability, then the individual must prove that they
               | are entitled to immunity.
               | 
               | Obviously there's a financial incentive for an employer
               | to deny liability, but doing so would be extremely
               | unpopular with employees. So presumably they would be
               | judicious depending on the circumstances.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > This judge's actions were not a "mistake", they were a
             | deliberate abuse of power.
             | 
             | They also weren't within the coverage of judicial immunity,
             | so that's irrelevant.
        
           | michael1999 wrote:
           | Indemnification against civil liability is very different
           | from immunity from criminal prosecution.
           | 
           | Any employer can provide liability insurance, but only the
           | Supreme Count can grant carte-blanche to commit crimes.
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _Indemnification against civil liability is very
             | different from immunity from criminal prosecution_
             | 
             | Neither qualified nor judicial immunity provide for
             | immunity from criminal prosecution.
        
             | thorncorona wrote:
             | Isn't the president the only one who can technically do
             | that through pardon?
             | 
             | Supreme court can only rule they are legal under current
             | laws.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > Isn't the president the only one who can technically do
               | that through pardon?
               | 
               | No, so can individual prosecutors and Congress, through
               | immunity grants.
        
             | dragonwriter wrote:
             | > Indemnification against civil liability is very different
             | from immunity from criminal prosecution.
             | 
             | Qualified, judicial, and absolute immunities are (among
             | others) immunities from civil, not criminal, liability that
             | apply to public officials in different conditions.
        
           | mcpackieh wrote:
           | > _This is like saying employees should be personally liable
           | for mistakes they make at work._
           | 
           | This is like saying a dentist shouldn't be personally liable
           | for the "mistake" of raping somebody under his care. Of
           | course he should be!
        
             | JumpCrisscross wrote:
             | > _like saying a dentist shouldn 't be personally liable
             | for the "mistake" of raping somebody_
             | 
             | The only way you can read what was written this way is if
             | you don't consider rape egregious.
        
               | konstantinua00 wrote:
               | as a non-native speaker, may I ask what egregious even
               | mean? intentional?
        
               | JumpCrisscross wrote:
               | > _may I ask what egregious even mean? intentional?_
               | 
               | Outrageously bad. Even if unintentional, it's behaviour
               | that obviously isn't acceptable or part of the job. Like
               | this lady.
        
               | samus wrote:
               | Intentional is the crucial shade of meaning here.
               | Excessive in a way that attracts (or at least should
               | attract) attention.
               | 
               | https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/egregious
        
               | hughdbrown wrote:
               | From Latin grex/gregoris (flock) and ex- (out of).
               | egregious comes from a root which means "stands out from
               | the flock" -- it's exceptional. Centuries ago, it had a
               | positive meaning but not it is reserved for describing
               | outstandingly bad events or people, etc.
        
               | mcpackieh wrote:
               | You think what this judge did wasn't egregious? She
               | invaded this man's home with armed men and robbed him;
               | I'm comparing felonies to felonies. It sure as hell
               | wasn't a mistake, so why are you talking about mistakes?
               | 
               |  _" Oops I tripped and accidentally fell onto his
               | property and through his door."_ _" Oops my tongue
               | stumbled and I accidentally threatened to have the man
               | arrested if he tried to film what I was doing."_
               | 
               | Yeah right. She knew she was breaking the law, that's why
               | she freaked out about being filmed. None of this was a
               | mistake.
        
         | Reptur wrote:
         | Of course, people with no consequences will do horrible things.
         | Looks like its dead in the water though, it was introduced on
         | 03/01/2021 and then nothing. Congress understands without cops
         | that are immune, they cannot do terrible things with impunity.
         | Immune cops are the foundation of an authoritarian government.
        
         | williamcotton wrote:
         | Judicial immunity is a _very_ different kind of privilege.
         | 
         | Chesterton's thousand mile long fence!
        
           | 77pt77 wrote:
           | It seems like that fence always runs in the same direction...
        
         | 77pt77 wrote:
         | You forgot about prosecutorial immunity.
        
         | __derek__ wrote:
         | FYI: that bill is from the previous Congress, but it's been
         | reintroduced in the current one[1] and in the Senate.[2] But
         | Republicans control the House, so it's not going anywhere.
         | Meanwhile, it looks like a Republican introduced an opposing
         | bill to codify qualified immunity for police.[3]
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-
         | bill/2847
         | 
         | [2]: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/senate-
         | bill/119...
         | 
         | [3]: https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-
         | bill/233
        
       | post_break wrote:
       | Been watching the case from the beginning. I wonder what the
       | civil suit will bring. Will she be ordered to pay thousands? Lose
       | her home? I bet he's going to be smiling when she's forced to
       | write a check or sell some of her possessions to fund this
       | ridiculous action.
        
         | kbelder wrote:
         | Is the divorce finalized? If not the wife might get half the
         | judgement. 5d chess on her part.
        
       | IronWolve wrote:
       | Most lawyers know how the judges view cases, and judge shop if
       | its possible.
       | 
       | The only winning move is to stay out of court if possible.
       | 
       | Federal courts is a different beast, but the outcome is normally
       | known.
        
         | qingcharles wrote:
         | Having spent thousands of hours in courtrooms, you are exactly
         | right.
         | 
         | Doesn't matter if it is civil or criminal, the only way to win
         | is to stay out of court.
        
       | 77pt77 wrote:
       | Imagine the resident just shot her since she didn't have a
       | warrant.
       | 
       | What would happen then?
        
         | _jal wrote:
         | Assuming the resident survived the several minutes immediately
         | following doing so, I expect they'd be approaching sentencing
         | soon.
        
         | reaperman wrote:
         | I'm assuming this wasn't a no-knock warrant. The resident
         | shouldn't have had a reasonable fear for their life or safety.
         | Just because someone trespasses in your house illegally doesn't
         | mean its legal to use force to remove them yourself.
        
       | tomohawk wrote:
       | This is why the first amendment, which disallows government
       | interference in speech, is so important. Judges and other
       | officials already have enormous power, and allowing them to
       | compel or censor eliminates any hope of transparency and future
       | action to correct what they did.
        
       | flenserboy wrote:
       | Disbarment & stripping of any state-related retirement would be a
       | good start in this case. Far, far past egregious behavior.
        
       | nimbius wrote:
       | I remember seeing this on YouTube a while back and thinking
       | someone was about to blow an entire divorce proceeding.
       | 
       | Glad to see some actions been taken.
        
       | op00to wrote:
       | This story is wild, but bare feet is wiiiiiiild.
        
       | ccleve wrote:
       | Here's pretty good website that tracks judicial abuse:
       | 
       | https://abusivediscretion.com/
        
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