[HN Gopher] Joint Statement on AI Safety and Openness
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Joint Statement on AI Safety and Openness
        
       Author : DerekBickerton
       Score  : 206 points
       Date   : 2023-11-02 17:41 UTC (5 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (open.mozilla.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (open.mozilla.org)
        
       | bufferoverflow wrote:
       | I still don't get what the plan is to stop bad actors from
       | developing bad AI.
       | 
       | A bunch of good actors agreeing not to do bad things won't help
       | it.
        
         | dtx1 wrote:
         | There is none. Just go on 4chan and see all kinds of bad AI
         | already in use.
        
           | artninja1988 wrote:
           | You mean the art and voice threads? How will we survive!
        
             | ketzo wrote:
             | Deepfake porn and AI voice extortion _are_ real harms from
             | these technologies that are having a meaningful impact on
             | people's lives already.
             | 
             | I don't think they're society-ending, but that doesn't mean
             | we shouldn't acknowledge them.
        
               | swatcoder wrote:
               | Thorough acknowledgment means they're now inevitable and
               | that we'll naturally revise how we interpret media.
               | 
               | We've done that nearly every time there's been a shift in
               | media, from photography to telephones to home video to
               | digital photo and video editing, and it just sort of
               | happens organically and automatically as people learn
               | what they can now do and what they can now trust.
               | 
               | Panicked, doomed attempts to control _that_ sort of
               | change is just divisive and futile.
               | 
               | That's not to say that there won't be necessary laws and
               | regulations around near-term "AI" tech, but that deep
               | fakes are well into the irrelevant noise of what people
               | will learn to navigate on their own.
        
           | raincole wrote:
           | That's terrible!
           | 
           | Where can I find these terrible things?
        
             | itishappy wrote:
             | Excitement feels kinda weird here, but if that's really
             | your thing, 4chan has all the AI generated celebrity
             | deepfakes and child porn your heart desires.
        
               | mistrial9 wrote:
               | personal vice is tragic but has limited consequences. I
               | think the regulatory discussion is valid, irrespective of
               | the "casino-city race to the bottom" that will occur
               | globally.
        
           | Pannoniae wrote:
           | "bad" AI? you mean.... not overcensored AI? the "mainstream"
           | offerings are utterly restricted, you can't even generate
           | porn with it. channers play an important part in driving
           | innovation and keeping the thought police in check...
        
         | silenced_trope wrote:
         | Right, this is existing players (OpenAI, Google, Microsoft, FB,
         | etc) protecting their moat.
         | 
         | AI can't be "paused". Sometimes I see the question "should we
         | put a pause on AI development?"
         | 
         | It doesn't mean anything. Some countries like China may say
         | they're on board with pausing it but would they actually do so?
         | Or just sign on and allow their companies to get an edge by not
         | enforcing a pause.
         | 
         | Same thing with the existing AI companies.
        
           | chakalakasp wrote:
           | Yes and no. AI is no different than proliferating nuclear
           | weapons or deciding to burn all the fossil fuels -- on an
           | individual competitive level, it makes sense to do this more
           | and more to remain competitive. On a systems-whole level it
           | leads to catastrophe. The whole tragedy of the commons thing,
           | or, more recently described, the Moloch problem.
           | 
           | https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/TxcRbCYHaeL59aY7E/meditation.
           | ..
           | 
           | Yann LeCun is one of the loudest AI open source proponents
           | right now (which of course jives with Meta's very deliberate
           | open source stab at OpenAI). And when you listen to smart
           | guys like him talk, you realize that even he doesn't really
           | grasp the problem (or if he does, he pretends not to).
           | 
           | https://x.com/ylecun/status/1718764953534939162?s=20
        
             | CamperBob2 wrote:
             | _AI is no different than proliferating nuclear weapons_
             | 
             | I mean, once the discussion goes THIS far off the rails of
             | reality, where do we go from here?
        
               | Mistletoe wrote:
               | Can someone outline how AI could actually harm us
               | directly? I don't believe for a second sci-fi novel
               | nonsense about self-replicating robots that we can't
               | unplug. My Roomba can't even do its very simple task
               | without getting caught on the rug. I don't know of any
               | complicated computing cluster or machine that exists that
               | wouldn't implode without human intervention on an almost
               | daily level.
               | 
               | If we are talking about AI stoking human fears and
               | weaknesses to make them do awful things, then ok I can
               | see that and am afraid we have been there for some time
               | with our algorithms and AI journalism.
        
               | 2devnull wrote:
               | You start by saying "show me examples of" and finish by
               | saying yeah "this is as already a problem." Not sure what
               | point you're trying to make, but I think you should also
               | consider lab leaks in the sense of weaponized ai escaping
               | or being used "off label" in ways that yield novel types
               | of risk. Just because you cannot imagine future tech at
               | present doesn't indicate much.
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | > Can someone outline how AI could actually harm us
               | directly?
               | 
               | at best, maybe it adds a new level of sophistication to
               | phishing attacks. That's all i can think of. Terminators
               | walking the streets murdering grandma? I just don't see
               | it.
               | 
               | what I think is most likely is a handful of companies
               | trying to sell enterprise on ML which has been going on
               | since forever. YouTubers making even funnier "Presidents
               | discuss anime" vids and 4chan doing what 4chan does but
               | faster.
        
               | hackinthebochs wrote:
               | I don't need to know how a chess computer will beat me to
               | know that it will beat me. If the only way you will
               | entertain x-risk is to have a specific scenario described
               | to you that you personally find plausible, you will never
               | see any risk coming that isn't just a variation of what
               | you are already familiar with. Do not constrain yourself
               | to considering only that which can be thought up by your
               | limited imagination.
        
               | chasd00 wrote:
               | > Do not constrain yourself to considering only that
               | which can be thought up by your limited imagination.
               | 
               | Don't let your limited imagination constrain you're
               | ability to live in fear of what could be. Is that what
               | you mean? So it's no longer sufficient to live in fear of
               | everything, now you need to live in fear even when you
               | can't think of anything to be afraid of. No thanks.
        
               | hackinthebochs wrote:
               | Instead of taking the most obtuse reading of my point,
               | how about you try to engage intelligently? There are some
               | manner of unmaterialized risk that we can anticipate
               | through analysis and reasonable extrapolation. When that
               | risk has high negative utility, we should rationally
               | engage with its possibility and consider ways to mitigate
               | it.
        
               | Eisenstein wrote:
               | Consider an AI as a personal assistant. The AI is in
               | charge of filtering and sorting your email. It has as a
               | priority to make your life more efficient. It decides
               | that your life is more efficient if you don't see emails
               | that upset you, so it deletes them. Now consider that you
               | are in charge of something very important.
               | 
               | It doesn't take a whole lot of imagination to come up
               | with scenarios like these.
        
               | hyeonwho22 wrote:
               | Why not? It has already been shown that AI can be
               | (mis)used to identify good candidates for chemical
               | weapons. [1] Next in the pipeline is obviously some
               | religious nut (who would not otherwise have the
               | capability) using it to design a virus which doesn't set
               | off alarms at the gene synthesis / custom construct
               | companies, and then learning to transfect it.
               | 
               | More banally, state actors can already use open source
               | models to efficiently create misinformation. It took
               | what, 60,000 votes to swing the US election in 2016?
               | Imagine what astroturfing can be done with 100x the labor
               | thanks to LLMs.
               | 
               | [1] dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42256-022-00465-9
        
               | dingnuts wrote:
               | >It took what, 60,000 votes to swing the US election in
               | 2016?
               | 
               | this is a conspiracy theory that gained popularity around
               | the election but in the first impeachment hearings, those
               | making allegations regarding foreign interference failed
               | to produce any evidence whatsoever of a real targeted
               | campaign in collusion with the Russian government.
        
               | CamperBob2 wrote:
               | Eh, he's not wrong there -- our elections are subject to
               | chaos theory at this point, more than the rule of law.
               | Sensitive dependence on both initial conditions and
               | invisible thresholds. The Russian "butterfly effect" in
               | 2016 was very real. Even if it wasn't enough on its own
               | to tip the balance in Trump's favor, they were very clear
               | that Trump was their candidate of choice, and they very
               | clearly took action in accordance with that. Neither of
               | these statements is up for the slightest debate at this
               | point.
               | 
               | However, the possibility of foreign election
               | interference, real or imagined, is not a valid reason to
               | hold back progress on AI.
        
               | visarga wrote:
               | > Next in the pipeline is obviously some religious nut
               | (who would not otherwise have the capability)
               | 
               | So you're saying that:
               | 
               | 1. the religious nut would not find the same information
               | on Google or in books
               | 
               | 2. if someone is motivated enough to commit such an act,
               | the ease of use of AI vs. web search would make a
               | difference
               | 
               | Has anyone checked how many biology students can prepare
               | dangerous substances with just what they learned in
               | school?
               | 
               | Have we removed the sites disseminating dangerous
               | information off the internet first? What is to stop
               | someone from training a model on such data anytime they
               | want?
        
               | tsurba wrote:
               | Essentially you are advocating against information being
               | more efficiently available. Come on.
               | 
               | It's true we are fucked if bioweapons become easy to
               | make, but that is not a question of "AI".
        
               | hyeonwho22 wrote:
               | The only thing keeping bioweapons from being easy to make
               | is information becoming easily available.
               | 
               | > Essentially you are advocating against information
               | being more efficiently available.
               | 
               | Yes. Some kinds of information should be kept obscure,
               | even if it is theoretically possible for an intelligent
               | individual with access to the world's scientific
               | literature to rediscover them. The really obvious case
               | for this is in regards to the proliferation of WMDs.
               | 
               | For nuclear weapons information is not the barrier to
               | manufacture: we can regulate and track uranium, and
               | enrichment is thought to require industrial scale
               | processes. But the precursors for biological weapons are
               | unregulated and widely available, so we need to gatekeep
               | the relevant skills and knowledge.
               | 
               | I'm sure you will agree with me that if access
               | information on how to make a WMD becomes even a few order
               | of magnitudes as accessible as information on how to
               | steal a Kia or how to steal a catalytic converter, then
               | we will have lost.
               | 
               | My argument is that a truly intelligent AI without
               | safeguards or ethics would make bioweapons accessible to
               | the public, and we would be fucked.
        
             | jph00 wrote:
             | It is not at _all_ true that  "AI is no different than
             | proliferating nuclear weapons". The project manager for the
             | Nuclear Information Project said
             | (https://www.vox.com/future-
             | perfect/2023/7/3/23779794/artific...) :
             | 
             | """
             | 
             | But what we are seeing too often is a calorie-free media
             | panic where prominent individuals -- including scientists
             | and experts we deeply admire -- keep showing up in our push
             | alerts because they vaguely liken AI to nuclear weapons or
             | the future risk from misaligned AI to pandemics. Even if
             | their concerns are accurate in the medium to long term,
             | getting addicted to the news cycle in the service of
             | prudent risk management gets counterproductive very
             | quickly.
             | 
             | ## AI and nuclear weapons are not the same
             | 
             | From ChatGPT to the proliferation of increasingly realistic
             | AI-generated images, there's little doubt that machine
             | learning is progressing rapidly. Yet there's often a
             | striking lack of understanding about what exactly is
             | happening. This curious blend of keen interest and vague
             | comprehension has fueled a torrent of chattering-class
             | clickbait, teeming with muddled analogies. Take, for
             | instance, the pervasive comparison likening AI to nuclear
             | weapons -- a trope that continues to sweep through media
             | outlets and congressional chambers alike.
             | 
             | While AI and nuclear weapons are both capable of ushering
             | in consequential change, they remain fundamentally
             | distinct. Nuclear weapons are a specific class of
             | technology developed for destruction on a massive scale,
             | and -- despite some ill-fated and short-lived Cold War
             | attempts to use nuclear weapons for peaceful construction
             | -- they have no utility other than causing (or threatening
             | to cause) destruction. Moreover, any potential use of
             | nuclear weapons lies entirely in the hands of nation-
             | states. In contrast, AI covers a vast field ranging from
             | social media algorithms to national security to advanced
             | medical diagnostics. It can be employed by both governments
             | and private citizens with relative ease.
             | 
             | """
             | 
             | Let's stop contributing to this "calorie-free media panic"
             | with such specious analogies.
        
               | chakalakasp wrote:
               | If you talk to the people on the bleeding edge of AI
               | research instead of nuke-heads (I tend to be kinda deep
               | into both communities), you'll get a better picture that,
               | yeah, a lot of people who work on AI really do think that
               | AI is like nukes in the scale of force multiplication it
               | will be capable of in the near to medium future, and may
               | well vastly exceed nukes in this regard. Even in the
               | "good" scenarios you're looking at a future where people
               | with relatively small resources will have access to
               | information that would create disruptive offensive
               | capabilities, be it biological or technological or
               | whatever. In worse scenarios, people aren't even in the
               | picture any more, the AIs are just working with or
               | fighting each other and we are in the way.
        
               | tsurba wrote:
               | I'm pretty sure what communities you are in are not
               | actual research but some hype alarmist bullshit
               | communities, since as a ML researcher absolutely zero of
               | my peers think the things you say.
        
               | jay_kyburz wrote:
               | Furthermore, there is little or no defense against a full
               | scale nuclear attack, but a benevolent AI should be
               | sufficient defense against a hostile AI.
               | 
               | I think the true fear is that in an AI age, humans are
               | not "useful" and the market and economy will look very
               | different. With AI growing our food, clothing us,
               | building us houses, and entertaining us, humans don't
               | really have anything to do all day.
        
               | chakalakasp wrote:
               | In what other sphere of tech does that apply?
               | 
               | "Hackers aren't a problem because we have cybersecurity
               | engineers". And yet somehow entire enterprises and
               | governments are occasionally taken down.
               | 
               | What prevents issues in redteam/blueteam is having teams
               | invested in the survivability of the people their
               | organization is working for. That breaks down a bit when
               | all it takes is one biomedical researcher whose wife just
               | left him to have an AI help him craft a society ending
               | infectious agent. Force multipliers are somewhat tempered
               | when put in the hands of governments but not so much with
               | individuals. Which is why people in some countries are
               | allowed to have firearms and in some countries are not,
               | but in no countries are individuals allowed to legally
               | possess or manufacture WMDs. Because if everyone can have
               | equal and easy access to WMDs, advanced civilization
               | ends.
        
               | jay_kyburz wrote:
               | Yes, but the AI that is watching what every Biomedical
               | researcher is doing will alert the AI counselors and
               | support robots and they will take the flawed human into
               | care. Perhaps pair them up with a nice new wife.
               | 
               | Can you imagine how much harder it would be to protect
               | against hackers if the only cybersecurity engineers were
               | employed by the government.
        
               | mattnewton wrote:
               | I mean, hackers aren't such a problem that we ban
               | developing new internet apps to only licensed
               | professionals by executive order, so that kinda proves
               | the parent posters point?
        
               | hackinthebochs wrote:
               | >but a benevolent AI should be sufficient defense against
               | a hostile AI.
               | 
               | What on earth could this possibly mean in practice? Two
               | elephants fighting is not at all good for the mice below.
        
               | jay_kyburz wrote:
               | Better than one Elephant who hates mice.
        
               | coryfklein wrote:
               | And the best path to a benevolent AI is to do what? The
               | difficulty here is that making an AGI benevolent is
               | harder than making an AGI with unpredictable moral
               | values.
               | 
               | Do we have reason to believe that giving the ingredients
               | of AGI out to the general public accelerates safety
               | research faster than capabilities research?
        
               | coryfklein wrote:
               | Color me surprised that that the project manager for the
               | Nuclear Information Project is in fact a subject matter
               | expert for _nuclear power_ and not AGI x-risk. Why would
               | they be working on nuclear information if they _didn 't_
               | think it the most important thing?
        
             | torginus wrote:
             | Why does everybody come up with the 'nuclear weapons'
             | comparison, when there is a much more appropriate one -
             | encryption, specifically public key cryptography? Way back
             | in the 90s, when Phil Zimmerman released PGP, the US
             | government raised hell to keep it from proliferating. Would
             | you rather live in a world where strong encryption for
             | ordinary citizens was illegal?
        
             | nonameiguess wrote:
             | It's quite a bit different. Access to weapons-grade
             | plutonium is inherently scarce. The basic techniques for
             | producing a transformer architecture to emulate human-level
             | text and image generation is out in the open. The only
             | scarce resource right now preventing anyone from
             | reproducing the research themselves from scratch is the
             | data and compute required to do it. But data and compute
             | aren't plutonium. They aren't _inherently_ scarce. Unless
             | we shut down all advances in electronics and
             | communications, period, shutting down AI research only
             | stops it until data and compute is sufficiently abundant
             | that anyone can do what currently only OpenAI and a few
             | pre-existing giants can do.
             | 
             | What does that buy us? An extra decade?
             | 
             | I don't know where this leaves us. If you're in the MIRI
             | camp believing AI has to lead to runaway intelligence
             | explosion to unfathomable godlike abilities, I don't see a
             | lot of hope. If you believe that is inevitable, then as far
             | as I'm concerned, it's _truly_ inevitable. First, because I
             | think formally provable alignment of an arbitrary software
             | system with  "human values," however nebulously you might
             | define that, is fundamentally impossible, but even if it
             | were possible, it's also fundamentally impossible to
             | guarantee in perpetuity that all implementations of a
             | system will forever adhere to your formal proof methods.
             | For 50 years, we haven't even been able to get developers
             | to consistently use strnlen. As far as I can tell, if
             | sufficiently advanced AI _can_ take over its light cone and
             | extinguish all value from the universe, or whatever they
             | 're up to now on the worry scale, then it _will_ do so.
        
               | nonameiguess wrote:
               | I guess I should add, because so few people do, this is
               | what I believe, but it's entirely possible I'm wrong, so
               | by all means, MIRI, keep trying. If you'd asked anyone in
               | the world except three men before 1975 if public key
               | cryptography was possible, they'd have said no, but here
               | we are. Wow me with your math.
        
             | chasd00 wrote:
             | AI isn't anything like nuclear weapons. One possible
             | analogy i can draw is how scientists generally agreed to
             | hold off on attempting to clone a human. Then that one guy
             | in China did and everyone got on his case so bad he hasn't
             | done it again (that we know of). In the best case, I could
             | see AI regulation taking that form, as in, release a
             | breakthrough get derided so much you leave the field. God,
             | what a sad world to live in.
        
           | gnarlouse wrote:
           | The Chinese can say the same of us dude, don't be so blindly
           | Eurocentric about it.
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | > Right, this is existing players (OpenAI, Google, Microsoft,
           | FB, etc) protecting their moat.
           | 
           | this is what I believe. The only moat they have is their
           | lobbying power and bank account. The want it tightly
           | controlled, you can do it in your own way just as long as
           | it's done just how I say.
           | 
           | The whole regulating AI thing is a farce, only the good guys
           | follow the law and regulations. Do you think the bad guys are
           | just going to throw up their hands and say "oh well, an
           | agreement was made i guess we'll just go home"? The only
           | thing blocking the way is hardware performance and data.
           | Hardware is always getting faster and there's tons of new
           | data created every minute, the genie is out of the bottle.
        
         | kevincox wrote:
         | I hate to say it, but I don't think it can be stopped. Stopping
         | "bad actors" from using guns, or distributing drugs has a
         | sliver of hope as they do these things to the general public so
         | can physically be intercepted. But even then enforcement has
         | been largely unsuccessful.
         | 
         | Stopping people from using AI which is something that they can
         | trivially download and do on their own private compute is
         | simply infeasible. We would need to lock all computing behind
         | government control to have any hope. That is clearly to me too
         | high a price to pay. Even then current hardware will be amassed
         | that doesn't have this lock-down.
         | 
         | So I think the right approach here is to not worry about
         | regulating the AI to prevent it from doing bad things, we
         | should just regulate the bad things themselves.
         | 
         | However I do think there is also room for some light regulation
         | around certification. If we can make meaningful progress on AI
         | Alignment and safety it _may_ make sense to require some sort
         | of  "AI license". But this is just to avoid naive people making
         | mistakes, it won't stop malicious people from causing
         | intentional harm.
        
         | dan_mctree wrote:
         | Nor do I get what the plan is to stop good but overoptimistic
         | actors developing AI that spirals out of their control
         | 
         | I feel these kind of statements by Mozilla reflect exactly that
         | lack of caution that may end us
        
         | nonrandomstring wrote:
         | > A bunch of good actors agreeing not to do bad things won't
         | help it.
         | 
         | And that's true whichever way you cut it. Whether those "good"
         | actors are everybody or a few selected for privilege. We have
         | no basis on which to trust big technology companies more than
         | anybody else. Indeed quite the opposite if the past 10 years
         | are anything to go by.
         | 
         | It is such a god-awful shame that corporations have been so
         | disgracefully behaved that we now face this bind. But at least
         | we know what we'll be getting into if we start handing them
         | prefects badges - organised and "safe" abuse by the few as
         | opposed to risky chaos amongst the many.
         | 
         | A saner solution might be a moratorium on existing big tech and
         | media companies developing AI, while granting licenses to
         | startups with the proviso that they are barred from acquisition
         | for 10 years,
        
           | chasd00 wrote:
           | Another sane solution would be a law stating all trained
           | models, source code, and training data must be made available
           | to anyone who asks at no cost. That removes an AI as the
           | secret sauce to any commercial entity but still leaving the
           | door open to research and advancement. Propose that and watch
           | all these big companies come back with "whoa whoa whoa,
           | that's not what we meant. What we meant was we have it but no
           | one else can have it".
        
         | dclowd9901 wrote:
         | I don't know if you were intending to do this but your argument
         | is almost ripped verbatim from advocates of open gun ownership.
        
         | drdaeman wrote:
         | It will make it harder for "bad" actors to develop "bad AI" if
         | all those "good" actors will never let anyone access their
         | research, keep it entirely private, and only lease access to
         | the final products. "Bad" actors will have to do everything on
         | their own, and "good" actors will try to hire every good
         | scientist for themselves, and possibly threaten anyone who
         | considers working with "bad" actors or try to make this
         | cooperation harder.
         | 
         | I'm not supporting this, of course. That's just what "good"
         | actors seem to do.
        
         | tedunangst wrote:
         | We drop nukes on China when they buy too many GPUs, obviously.
        
       | jeanloolz wrote:
       | Leaving AI to a handful of companies is in my opinion the fastest
       | route for inequality and power concentration/centralisation, and
       | this is in a way an AI disaster we should be worrisome. Power
       | corrupts, great power greatly corrupts, this is not entirely new.
       | 
       | From where I stand, it looks like the pandora box has already
       | been opened anyway. The era of hugginface and/or Llama2 models is
       | only going to grow from there.
        
         | seydor wrote:
         | Let's not be so hasty. I m glad to see that MistralAI is
         | signing this letter. their small model is truly amazing, the
         | most useful open source model i ve tried so far. But this can
         | change tomorrow, they may be deemed illegal and disappear from
         | public view, it has happened before. So i'm downloading and
         | saving whatever model i think is great.
        
           | mwint wrote:
           | Genuine question - does it seem plausible that a few GB of
           | content could truly be wiped off the Internet?
           | 
           | I'm not in the piracy scene, but my impression was they
           | routinely pass full res movies around the Internet without
           | much barrier to discovering and downloading them, at least to
           | technically competent users. Is that still true?
        
             | sillysaurusx wrote:
             | The Pile was. It's still available but no one will touch
             | it, mostly due to books3.
             | 
             | The difference is that a few people with lots of resources
             | take on legal risk. In the piracy example many people with
             | few resources take on risk, which works out since no one
             | wants to sue people with no money.
        
               | kenan_warren wrote:
               | The Pile is still used to train LLMs and it's still very
               | much available on the net. I agree it's a risk to train
               | your models on the dataset until the legal implications
               | are worked out, but it doesn't seem to be stopping
               | people.
        
             | seydor wrote:
             | the old models will become deprecated if they are not
             | upgraded, and won't incorporate new information. Even if
             | the files are available they will become abandonware.
        
             | PumpkinSpice wrote:
             | This is really not about an engineer keeping a bootleg
             | model in your basement. It's about the barrier for entry
             | for commercial products. Or the ability to curate improved
             | open-source implementations in the long haul, for that
             | matter - as past a certain scale, this entails creating a
             | non-profit of some sort to pay your bills.
             | 
             | Plus, while it's definitely the case that with sustained
             | interest, old data tends to linger around... the moment the
             | interest wanes, it's gone. I've been on the internet for a
             | while and there are so many hobby sites, forums, and
             | software projects from the early days that are simply gone
             | for good (and not on archive.org).
        
             | superkuh wrote:
             | The purpose of regulations like these are not to prevent a
             | thing from happening. They're so that normal behavior is
             | criminalized but not enforced unless you happen to rock the
             | boat some day.
        
         | jmfldn wrote:
         | True but there is a really difficult trade off here between a
         | big tech monopoly and decentralised open source anarchy. I say
         | this as a Linux-using FOSS lover, but we need to open this up
         | as much as possible without allowing superpowers to escape into
         | the wrong hands. I guess strong regulation is the key but I'm
         | just handwaving here really. I don't know how the tradeoff
         | should be made. I see great dangers in hyper-powerful tech
         | being in the hands of the few or indeed of everyone.
         | 
         | By the way, I'm not sure how easy it will be to stop bad actors
         | since barriers to entry are exponentially lower to developing a
         | malicious AI tool than, say, developing a nuke.
        
           | pdonis wrote:
           | _> without allowing superpowers to escape into the wrong
           | hands_
           | 
           | The wrong hands will have the same access to whatever
           | "superpowers" AI gives _regardless_ of what regulations are
           | or are not put in place. Regulations can 't and won't stop
           | potential bad actors with state-level resources, like China,
           | from using any technology they decide they want to use. So
           | trying to regulate on that basis is a fool's errand.
           | 
           | The real question is, what will put the _good_ actors in a
           | better position to _fight_ the bad actors if it ever comes to
           | that: a big tech monopoly or decentralized open source
           | anarchy? The answer should be obvious. _No_ monopoly is going
           | to out-innovate decentralized open source.
           | 
           |  _> I 'm not sure how easy it will be to stop bad actors
           | since barriers to entry are exponentially lower to developing
           | a malicious AI tool than, say, developing a nuke._
           | 
           | Since some bad actors already have nukes, the answer to this
           | should be obvious too: it's what I said above about the wrong
           | hands getting access to technology.
        
             | ta1243 wrote:
             | China, Iran, North Korea, Iran, US, Israel, Europe aren't
             | bad actors. The bad actors don't have state level
             | resources.
        
               | dragonwriter wrote:
               | > China, Iran, North Korea, Iran, US, Israel, Europe
               | aren't bad actors
               | 
               | On a very good day, as many as three of those might
               | simultaneously not be bad actors.
               | 
               | They aren't bad actors whose access to AI technology is
               | likely to be meaningfully impacted by regulation (but,
               | for certain of the non-US ones, that hasn't stopped the
               | US from trying before), but that's a different issue.
        
             | jmfldn wrote:
             | Interesting point. Perhaps you're right. I hope so, as
             | someone who otherwise believes in the FOSS ideal.
        
           | slowmovintarget wrote:
           | The fallacy you're falling for is that this is "hyper-
           | powerful tech."
           | 
           | All of the AI danger propaganda being spread (see [1], for
           | example) has the purpose of regulatory capture. You could
           | have said all the same things about PageRank if it had come
           | out in 2020. A malicious AI tool is _harder_ to assemble than
           | straight up cracking. The people who can do it are highly-
           | trained professional criminals taking in millions of dollars.
           | Those people aren 't going to be stopped because the source
           | is closed. (I'm thinking of that criminal enterprise based in
           | Israel that could manipulate elections, blackmail any
           | politician anywhere in the world... etc. They were using ML
           | tools two years ago to do this.)
           | 
           | The ML tools are already in the wrong hands. The already
           | powerful are trying to create a "moat" for themselves. We
           | need these models and weights to spread far and wide because
           | the people who can't run them will become the have-nots.
           | 
           | [1] https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38117930
        
           | dragonwriter wrote:
           | > but we need to open this up as much as possible without
           | allowing superpowers to escape into the wrong hands
           | 
           | There are no superpowers, and the wrong hands are the ones
           | least effected by any effort at restricting distribution by
           | "strong regulation".
        
           | Vetch wrote:
           | Let's assume that these LLMs are very useful and provide
           | boosts to their users. It follows that anyone not leveraging
           | them where applicable would be at an economic disadvantage.
           | Without opensource models, everyone would have to pay a
           | Google or Microsoft tax for the pleasure of using a service
           | which could not exist without our work. All code, writing,
           | art, data would have to be continually sent to their servers
           | for anyone wanting to leverage their tools. You might use a
           | FOSS editor or shell but you are still sending all your data
           | to Microsoft servers.
           | 
           | The ones in control of the models also control what sentences
           | are sanctioned, this is a problem the more widely LLMs are
           | used. To add insult to injury, while we are not allowed
           | private use of the models, governments and ad-tech
           | surveillance capabilities will skyrocket.
           | 
           | Do you see the problem here? The capabilities of opensource
           | models are not anywhere near high enough to justify such a
           | cost, now or anytime soon.
           | 
           | And it won't end there. As the march of progress continues,
           | we will see the AI doom crowd agitate for tighter
           | surveillance of money flows, limits on private compute,
           | bandwidth limits to homes, tracking what programs we run on
           | our computers, on who is allowed to read the latest in
           | semiconductor research and on and on.
        
         | skybrian wrote:
         | I disagree entirely. We shouldn't be hoping for a complex
         | ecosystem of small, shady companies nobody ever heard of, like
         | happened with ad networks [1]. Or worse, a scam-filled
         | ecosystem like cryptocurrency. Or worse, an underground
         | ecosystem like the criminals who share cracked passwords and
         | credit card numbers.
         | 
         | Big companies are easier to regulate.
         | 
         | [1] https://lumapartners.com/lumascapes/
        
           | pdonis wrote:
           | _> Big companies are easier to regulate._
           | 
           | But the problem isn't regulating the big companies, or the
           | smaller companies, or underground entities. The problem is
           | state-level adversaries like China who might misuse a
           | technology, whether it's AI or anything else. Such
           | adversaries can't be regulated by laws or executive orders or
           | UN declarations; they have proven that many times in the
           | past. The only way to control them is to have sufficient
           | counter-capability against whatever assets they have. And
           | government regulation is a terrible way to try to achieve
           | that goal.
        
             | smokel wrote:
             | One could also try to be friendly towards strangers, and
             | not have them be their adversaries in the first place.
        
             | skybrian wrote:
             | State-level actors are one problem. People defrauding the
             | elderly are a different problem. Ransomware is a third
             | problem. They are all problems.
             | 
             | The idea that there's only one important problem is a
             | fallacy.
        
           | smcleod wrote:
           | Really? You think Amazon, Google, Apple, Facebook etc.... Are
           | well regulated?
           | 
           | The US has shown time and time again it's complete
           | incompetence when it comes to meaningful regulation of large
           | companies.
        
         | trentnix wrote:
         | _> Leaving AI to a handful of companies is in my opinion the
         | fastest route for inequality and power concentration
         | /centralisation_
         | 
         | Well yes, that's precisely why they are lobbying for it.
        
           | blacksmith_tb wrote:
           | That does seem awfully convenient, yes. But I am also
           | skeptical that Meta is railing against regulation out of
           | their commitment to protect scrappy little startups doing
           | AI...
        
         | rhizome wrote:
         | > _Leaving AI to a handful of companies is in my opinion the
         | fastest route for inequality and power concentration
         | /centralisation_
         | 
         | It's a homesteading land grab, plain, simple and pure.
         | 
         | There is a competitive landscape, first-mover advantages,
         | incumbent effects, et al that are being anchored in e.g. Sam
         | Altman's interests and desires at this very moment. If you want
         | a vision of the future of garage AI, imagine a boot stomping on
         | Preston Tucker's face over and over. The current AI industry's
         | goal is to preserve an image of openness and benefit while
         | getting ready to pull the ladder up when the time is right.
        
         | shrimpx wrote:
         | Power is already concentrated in the sense that only the
         | wealthy can train. We should make kickstarter-type models to
         | fund open source AI training, because it'll likely continue to
         | cost millions to tens of millions for cutting edge models.
         | 
         | With Llama2 we're at Meta's mercy, as it cost 20M to train. No
         | guarantee Meta will continue to give us next-gen models. And
         | even if it does, we're stuck with their training biases, at
         | least to some extent. (I know you can fine-tune etc.)
        
           | flockonus wrote:
           | While i don't disagree, that's missing the forest for the
           | trees - the point is having the freedom to share models and
           | continue to open-source.
           | 
           | I'll argue that between stable diffusion and llama 2, there
           | is nothing highly specific that prevents [very] large amount
           | of people from adopting these models and specializing for
           | them own needs.
           | 
           | The tragedy would be if those went away.
        
             | shrimpx wrote:
             | Yeah but llama2-level AI may be insignificant in power
             | compared to future models, which may be inaccessible to the
             | public. Even assuming the algorithms/code are open, people
             | at large won't be able to create working models.
        
           | autoexec wrote:
           | > Power is already concentrated in the sense that only the
           | wealthy can train.
           | 
           | That situation will change as technology evolves. We'll
           | eventually reach a point where a normal desktop PC can train
           | AI. The wealthy will always be able to do it faster, but the
           | gap will shrink with time.
           | 
           | The trick is making sure that laws aren't put in place now
           | that would restrict our ability to do that freely once the
           | technology is there, and that massive data sets are compiled
           | and preserved where the public has free access to them.
        
             | shrimpx wrote:
             | That didn't happen with cloud though. I know it's not
             | entirely apples to apples, but you still need a computer
             | the size of a large building to serve Netflix, etc.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | Companies will always have an advantage with scale. It's
               | not like you need a super computer though. You can have a
               | single desktop media server in your home that does what
               | netflix does without any problem. A single media server
               | can even serve multiple homes.
               | 
               | Netflix cheats. They send non-supercomputer boxes out to
               | ISPs to install locally. If I could convince every ISP to
               | install a bunch of my media servers people could watch my
               | shows from anywhere in the US too.
        
         | najork wrote:
         | I completely agree. AI naturally lends itself to monopoly
         | formation, and stifled competition in the space is something
         | that we as consumers (and stakeholders of human progress)
         | should be wary of. I wrote down my thoughts in a brief blog
         | post and I'd love your take on it.
         | 
         | https://radiantai.com/blog/building-resilience-into-ai
        
       | jph00 wrote:
       | It seems that the signatory form collection is not keeping up - I
       | signed this 24 hours ago and my name still isn't listed. I
       | suspect once they add the names that are coming in through the
       | form that this will be a much longer list.
        
         | benatkin wrote:
         | They're curating it. Look at the list - its almost entirely
         | people who represent well known institutions.
         | 
         | I don't agree and wouldn't sign anyways.
        
           | jph00 wrote:
           | tbh I think I'm more well known in AI than most of the people
           | currently listed there, so I don't think that's the reason.
        
             | benatkin wrote:
             | Might explain the delay though :)
        
       | benatkin wrote:
       | This is platitudinous.
        
       | Willish42 wrote:
       | Might be just me, but I'm getting transient page load failures
       | for the page, might be getting a "hug of death".
       | 
       | https://web.archive.org/web/20231102190919/https://open.mozi...
        
         | webappguy wrote:
         | 404 form singature submissions too
        
       | ChrisArchitect wrote:
       | Aside: a more unique URL for sharing/future reference might have
       | been more wise. What's with the subdomain too. Why not the
       | foundation site or this has a opennews.org feel to it also (which
       | came out of the Foundation)
        
       | micromacrofoot wrote:
       | This is nice, but meanwhile everyone else is racing to create the
       | torment nexus.
       | 
       | (https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/torment-nexus)
        
       | visarga wrote:
       | Just one signature from Google, in 158 signatures.
        
         | theyinwhy wrote:
         | To be fair it seems as if most companies used one spoc to sign
         | this.
        
       | rhizome wrote:
       | I think the extremely most important aspect of AI security is for
       | there to be _a right to deinfluence_.
       | 
       | There has to be way to rescind my contributions, whether they're
       | voluntary or not (I still think these companies are dancing with
       | copyright violations), as well as _ALL DERIVATIVES_ of the
       | contributions being removed that have been created via the
       | processing of the creations in question, regardless of form or
       | generation (derivatives of derivatives, etc.).
        
       | mrangle wrote:
       | Statements to the effect that AI will be controlled for safety
       | are pretentious. As well as being a characteristic of only this
       | early time. The premise of AI danger, in the real sense of the
       | word, has always been rooted in the seemingly accurate logic that
       | it won't be controllable.
       | 
       | If anything, restrictions on any scale only allow for
       | compeitition to catch up to an surpass it on that scale. Restrict
       | an AI to be polite and its comeptitor has a chance to surpass it
       | in the sphere of rudeness. This principle can be applied to any
       | application of AI.
        
         | chasd00 wrote:
         | >Statements to the effect that AI will be controlled for safety
         | are pretentious.
         | 
         | and "safety" is such a loaded term these days. What exactly do
         | they mean by safety? Prevention of launching ICBMs or
         | prevention of not using the gender neutral pronoun "they"?
        
           | mrangle wrote:
           | I think they mean to borrow from the fear of the former in
           | order to apply it to the latter in practice, when using the
           | term in the abstract. At least when speaking to the public.
           | 
           | But not to worry. For better or worse, in short time these
           | concerns will seem like they were a foolish delusion. If not
           | because of their questionable morality, then because they
           | were so wildly unrealistic in application.
           | 
           | That's not to say that AI safety won't be a topic for decades
           | to come or longer, simply because it confers political and
           | harassment power. Even if ineffective in terms of AI in
           | practice.
        
           | JW_00000 wrote:
           | The Executive Order [1] is clearly more focused on the
           | former. Some of the things they mention (I haven't read it
           | all):
           | 
           | * creating chemical/biological/nuclear weapons
           | 
           | * biohazards
           | 
           | * outputs that could threaten to critical infrastructure
           | (e.g. energy infrastructure)
           | 
           | * threats to national security
           | 
           | * cyberattacks, e.g. automatic discovery of
           | vulnerabilities/exploits
           | 
           | * software that would "influence real or virtual events" (I'm
           | guessing they mean elections?)
           | 
           | * social engineering
           | 
           | * generating fake news / propaganda
           | 
           | * generating child porn or deep fakes
           | 
           | Note that it's not banning these, but asking US government
           | departments as well as private companies, AI experts,
           | academia, for their inputs on what regulations could/should
           | be. In that sense, this Mozilla letter is a response to the
           | EO.
           | 
           | Also, there's no mention of the use of certain pronouns, nor
           | of an AI-caused apocalypse (not even a mention of
           | paperclips!).
           | 
           | [1] https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-
           | action...
        
       | devwastaken wrote:
       | Mozilla is not involved in AI, nor are they a relevant org in
       | general. A for profit with a nonprofit status. Mozilla can't have
       | an opinion on something it is ignorant of, and therefore it
       | doesn't deserve a seat. If they want to be apart of it they
       | needed to invest in it 8 years ago.
        
       | lofaszvanitt wrote:
       | Translation: we don't have any imagination how can we use this,
       | so please show us the way, so we can exploit that, wrestle it
       | away from you and introduce laws when we did that so you get
       | nothing in exchange.
        
         | jdthedisciple wrote:
         | Interesting take.
        
       | ayakang31415 wrote:
       | I still don't have any sense of urgency to create and to regulate
       | AI safety protocols. AI that we call is just software with tuned
       | parameters. You input data into it, and it does some computation
       | on chips, and it spits out data. That is all it needs. My sense
       | is that no harm can come from it, but some harm can be inflicted
       | by people who use it.
        
         | izzydata wrote:
         | I don't think there is any possibility of the current "AI"
         | suddenly doing anything damaging on its own or anything at all
         | on its own. The worst that I can see happening which is
         | probably already happening is people using it to assist them
         | with various crimes. Such as social engineering using
         | convincing generated voices and photos or even just fake
         | information.
        
           | ayakang31415 wrote:
           | To deal with such case, we already have existing laws to deal
           | with it. My qualms with AI regulation is "why do we need
           | separate AI safety agencies and laws?"
        
             | JW_00000 wrote:
             | While I agree in a general sense, it might make sense to
             | regulate the tools themselves.
             | 
             | An analogy is gun control laws. Murder is a crime, whether
             | it happens with a gun or without, so in theory there would
             | be no need to regulate guns ("guns don't kill people
             | etc."). But in most countries in the world we still
             | regulate them.
             | 
             | Maybe it makes sense to regulate AI similarly? Requiring
             | that some guardrails are built in to prevent it being used
             | to generate fake information or information that helps to
             | commit crimes. Making sure that it does not leak private
             | information (and being able to prove this somehow).
             | Regulating if and how it can be used as a therapist.
             | 
             | Although I wonder if it isn't too soon still for such
             | regulation.
        
         | arsome wrote:
         | Yeah - this stupidity with regulating AI goes hand in hand with
         | regulating cryptography - illegal math is simply not feasible.
        
           | Eisenstein wrote:
           | Illegal chemistry is also not feasible, but we can restrict
           | availability to certain chemicals to try and prevent people
           | from doing things likes like making bombs or turning their
           | neighborhood radioactive while messing around. Of course some
           | people will find a way but that doesn't mean the door has to
           | be left completely open for anyone with a credit card to be
           | able to order large amounts of high purity H2O2 for example.
           | 
           | I am not advocating for this particular issue, I am pointing
           | out the flaw in your metaphor -- you can't restrict the math
           | but unless people figure out how to make their own wafer fab
           | then you can at least try to restrict the ability to do it.
        
             | drdaeman wrote:
             | But is chemistry illegal? I think anyone can have all the
             | equations they want to have (like, idk, U238 -> Th234 +
             | alpha particle) - just can't possess some actual substances
             | (Uranium). So I don't think the comparison is valid.
        
         | imiric wrote:
         | > My sense is that no harm can come from it, but some harm can
         | be inflicted by people who use it.
         | 
         | The concern is not that AI is harmful on its own, and that it
         | will unleash a Skynet scenario. It's precisely that it will be
         | abused by humans in ways we can't even predict yet. The same
         | can be said about any technology, but AI is particularly
         | concerning because of its unlimited potential, extremely fast
         | pace of development, and humanity's lack of preparation on a
         | political, legal and social level to deal with the
         | consequences. So I think you're severely underestimating "some
         | harm" there.
        
           | drdaeman wrote:
           | This is some weird nonsense that folks who read too much sci-
           | fi (not realizing how unrealistic it is, with the state of
           | modern society and technology) seem to fantasize about, and
           | politician talking heads happily repeat because populism is
           | on the rise again and it's easier to fight imaginary
           | windmills than real world issues.
           | 
           | I believe a more realistic concern is that some workers will
           | lose their jobs to automation as it becomes capable of
           | running more and more complicated tasks, because it's cheaper
           | to run or, more likely, contract to run some fancy software
           | that can be taught its job in a natural language. And if this
           | scales up it may require significant socioeconomic changes to
           | work around the associated issues.
        
           | mitthrowaway2 wrote:
           | The thing you say the concern is not, is exactly what my
           | primary concern is!
        
       | therealpygon wrote:
       | The fact that we even have to have this discussion is disgusting.
       | It isn't the open source community or I'll-equipped developers
       | running singles or handfuls of gpus that are the risk, it is
       | these exact lobbying companies and others like them who run
       | supercomputers comprised of thousands of servers/gpus. They are
       | the risk for exactly the reason they have done all the previous
       | illegal/immoral things they have done and been fined for (or
       | gotten away with).
       | 
       | We all know that these same companies and others are going to
       | ignore any rules anyway, so open source and academics need to
       | just be left alone to innovate.
       | 
       | Regulate by the risk the processing environment presents, not by
       | the technology running on it.
        
       | mark_l_watson wrote:
       | The recent Executive Order is a good example of regulatory
       | capture. This probably locks in a large advantage for the few
       | tech giants who are so-far winning the LLM race (or AGI race).
       | 
       | I do wish my government would get tougher on user privacy issues,
       | but that is a very different subject.
        
         | drdaeman wrote:
         | I thought the EO is "go research about it and give President
         | advice by a certain date", without any concrete steps yet? The
         | only steps there is to not use this modern tech for critical
         | infrastructure, military and social and some other government-
         | ran stuff while the details are being figured out.
         | 
         | More like "we heard some ruckus, so we need to investigate". Of
         | course, this is concerning because who knows what the advice
         | will be with all the corporate lobbying - but I think there is
         | no capture, not yet. Or have I missed something?
        
       | coryfklein wrote:
       | If you think there is even a 5% chance that super-human level
       | artificial general intelligence could be catastrophic for
       | humanity, then the recipe for how to make AGI is of itself an
       | infohazard far worse than the recipe for methamphetamines/nuclear
       | weapons/etc, and precedent shows that we do in fact lock down
       | access to the latter as a matter of public safety.
       | 
       | No, GPT-4 is not AGI and is not going to spell the end of the
       | human race, but neither is pseudoephedrine itself a
       | methamphetemine and yet we regulate its access. Not as a matter
       | of protecting corporate profits, but for public safety.
       | 
       | You'll need to convince me first that there is in fact no public
       | safety hazard from forcing unrestricted access to the ingredients
       | in this recipe. Do I trust OpenAI to make all the morally right
       | choices here? No, but I think their incentives are in fact more
       | aligned with the public good than are the lowest common
       | denominator of the general public.
        
         | I_am_uncreative wrote:
         | This is such a stupid take. Even if there was a 5% chance of
         | super-human level AGI destroying the world, we're not going to
         | reduce that risk by restricting general computation. If it is
         | possible to create AGI, it will happen, regardless of what the
         | law stipulates.
         | 
         | This is unlike pseudoephedrine or nuclear weapons in that
         | literally anyone with a computer could potentially create it.
        
         | akira2501 wrote:
         | > could be catastrophic for humanity,
         | 
         | I do not. How does super human intelligence, on it's own,
         | represent any sort of risk for "humanity?"
         | 
         | > then the recipe for how to make AGI is of itself an
         | infohazard [...] nuclear weapons
         | 
         | I know how to make nuclear weapons; however, I cannot enrich
         | the fuel enough to actually produce a working version.
         | 
         | > and yet we regulate its access
         | 
         | Does that actually achieve what it claims to achieve?
         | 
         | > Do I trust OpenAI to make all the morally right choices here?
         | 
         | OpenAI has a language model. They do not have AGI or anything
         | approaching AGI.
         | 
         | > No, but I think their incentives are in fact more aligned
         | with the public good
         | 
         | We could debate that, but for your assertions to hold any
         | water, we'd have to agree that they're incapable of making
         | mistakes as well. Far easier to skip the lofty debate and
         | recognize the reality of the world we live in.
        
         | drdaeman wrote:
         | > but neither is pseudoephedrine itself a methamphetemine and
         | yet we regulate its access
         | 
         | I don't think it's a correct argument.
         | 
         | I believe it's not a secret how metamphetamine is made (though
         | I don't know it myself, but I'm too lazy to research for a sake
         | of argument), and it's known pseudoephedrine is a precursor
         | chemical. Thus, the regulation.
         | 
         | No one - I believe - knows how to build an AGI. There is no
         | recipe. It is unknown if transformer models, deep learning or
         | something else is a component, and if that's even a correct
         | path or a dead end. What is known that neither of those is an
         | AGI, and there's no known way to make those AGI. Thus, I'd say
         | the comparison is not correct.
        
         | jairuhme wrote:
         | When you say 'catastrophic for humanity', what exactly do you
         | think would happen? And how would regulating models thwart
         | this? Bad actors who are motivated surely will get around US
         | restrictions. I'd imagine when the internet first came around
         | that there was similar sentiment. "People will have access to
         | information on how to create bombs, we need to regulate this so
         | that doesn't happen!"
        
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