[HN Gopher] Reasons to fight cashless contagion
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Reasons to fight cashless contagion
        
       Author : Gigamouse
       Score  : 136 points
       Date   : 2023-11-01 14:31 UTC (8 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (brettscott.substack.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (brettscott.substack.com)
        
       | chasil wrote:
       | All over my area, I am beginning to see discounts for paying with
       | cash. Hopefully this is sufficient to discourage sufficient
       | numbers from going fully cashless.
       | 
       | There are situations where cash cannot be used; hopefully this
       | changes in a way that is safe.
        
         | NoboruWataya wrote:
         | I haven't seen any discounts yet. I have started to see some
         | shops with signs saying that cash is preferred if possible.
         | However, I still see far more shops advertising that they don't
         | take cash at all. It's interesting that different businesses
         | take different views on this. Some dislike the fees charged by
         | card processors, others dislike the hassle of dealing with
         | cash.
        
           | chasil wrote:
           | All my local restaurants are doing it, but not corporate
           | chains.
        
           | aleph_minus_one wrote:
           | > However, I still see far more shops advertising that they
           | don't take cash at all.
           | 
           | Openly call such shops something like "denunciation shops"
           | since they only offer a kind of transaction that leaks
           | (denounces) data to the involved banks.
        
         | donkeyd wrote:
         | I recently got a 'discount' for paying my car maintenance in
         | cash. I got cash right next to the garage just to pay in cash.
         | Of course this discount isn't because the owner likes cash,
         | it's because he can just grab the cash and not pay taxes, which
         | is why I got a discount in the first place.
         | 
         | The paying in cash and not being traced part is directly
         | connected to a criminal act. Wonder why governments aren't
         | liking cash transactions.
        
           | chasil wrote:
           | There is also a fee from the credit providers, which I
           | believe is 3% of the transaction.
           | 
           | This fee is avoided with cash.
        
             | jrmg wrote:
             | Only if you're keeping the cash and not banking it. Banks
             | charge businesses handling fees for cash.
             | 
             | [not to mention fees on the other end - a huge percentage
             | on most ATM withdrawals].
        
             | donkeyd wrote:
             | In my country, pretty much everything is debit. A debit
             | transaction costs maximum about EUR0,25 over here. This
             | would've been about 0,1% of the total transaction. A bank
             | transfer would've been free. Meanwhile, VAT would've been
             | 21% and income tax probably close to 50%.
             | 
             | So I doubt the transaction fee is relevant at all in my
             | garage's consideration to offer me a 'discount'. This
             | nearly doubles his net income and saves me 21% in VAT, just
             | because it's off the books.
        
               | chasil wrote:
               | In the U.S., a separate credit card at a different
               | institution is _very wise_.
               | 
               | When using a debit card, holds placed for funds (i.e.
               | hotel incidentals) impact real cash in your account.
               | 
               | When using a credit card, these holds impact your credit
               | line, not your actual funds.
               | 
               | I avoid using my debit card whenever possible, because it
               | protects my assets more securely.
        
               | donkeyd wrote:
               | Debit is the standard in my country for pretty much
               | everything... Holds aren't actually common and even most
               | hotels ask you to pay the room in advance for short
               | stays. It's a very different world and something like
               | credit card debt isn't as prevalent here.
        
               | chasil wrote:
               | Disputing a charge on a credit card is also a very
               | different experience from using debit.
               | 
               | "In a credit card dispute, the credit card issuer may
               | issue a chargeback, which means that the disputed funds
               | are taken from your merchant account and returned to the
               | cardholder. With debit card disputes, the disputed funds
               | are typically frozen in the cardholder's account until
               | the dispute is resolved. This means that you may
               | experience a cash flow impact with credit card disputes,
               | while debit card disputes may have a more immediate
               | impact on the customer's access to their funds."
               | 
               | https://www.chargeflow.io/blog/credit-card-dispute-vs-
               | debit-...
        
               | donkeyd wrote:
               | Yeah, debit disputes hardly every happen. Debit over here
               | is only used with a card present that has a chip. Any
               | transaction over EUR25 (I think) requires a code.
               | Skimming is virtually non existent and 'card not present'
               | debit transactions don't exist.
               | 
               | Like I said, it's a very different world when it comes to
               | payments over here. Apps like Cash App of Venmo are also
               | don't really exist, for example, because banks already
               | provide similar functionality in their apps without
               | transaction fees.
        
               | lawlessone wrote:
               | That Vat . We are in the same place.
        
             | openthc wrote:
             | Card Present fees are generally lower (1.5%) than Card-Not-
             | Present fees (3%+)
             | 
             | Here's some core-fee details:
             | https://gravitypayments.com/support-library/card-brand-
             | fees/
             | 
             | And Gravity's general fee range here:
             | https://www.cardpaymentoptions.com/credit-card-
             | processors/gr...
        
           | Broken_Hippo wrote:
           | _The paying in cash and not being traced part is directly
           | connected to a criminal act. Wonder why governments aren 't
           | liking cash transactions._
           | 
           | Well, sure, sometimes. But criminals definitely use other
           | methods to mask transactions to one another. For example: It
           | used to be somewhat common for a restaurant to steal workers
           | tips if the customer paid the tip by card, and I'd be
           | surprised if they paid taxes on the tips they stole.
           | 
           | On the other hand: Do you want others to know how much your
           | tipped each stripper?
           | 
           | Privacy matters to a point. In general, you should have the
           | same sort of privacy you can get when using the toilet: A
           | closed door to keep the specific details to yourself, even
           | though everyone knows _in general_ the sorts of things that
           | happen in there. A few exceptions apply - most folks will
           | come to your aid if they think you need help in there, for
           | example.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | > It's because he can just grab the cash and not pay taxes
           | 
           | It won't help him much if he gets audited, though.
        
       | NickC25 wrote:
       | Completely agree. While there's nothing wrong with digital
       | payments, a society without cash just terrifies me. I don't have
       | much to hide, but I don't want every action I take with money to
       | be traceable and that data of what I do with my money to be
       | available to all sorts of private interests without my express
       | written consent. No corporation should get to know if I tip my
       | barber, waiter, uber driver, etc... in cash let alone if I decide
       | to buy a bag of weed.
       | 
       | I prefer to keep a bit of cash on me for many reasons, and I
       | don't think it's appropriate for any organization to tell me 1.
       | that I can't; and/or 2. that they have the right to know what I'm
       | using it for (or that they have the ability to deny my ability to
       | use my capital in whatever ways I desire).
       | 
       | We're not China. As someone who worked with Chinese nationals,
       | even some of them who were complete simps for The Party had no
       | desire to have all their finances completely digitized and
       | tracked.
       | 
       | Modern economies have a need for cash, no matter what big banks
       | or credit card companies or FinTech companies think.
        
         | eastbound wrote:
         | In 99% cases, cash is used to bypass taxes.
        
           | mfringel wrote:
           | [citation needed]
        
           | s_dev wrote:
           | I don't believe that but there is some truth or less
           | exaggerated percentage of tax evasion that could be quoted.
           | Cash is also necessary for buying illegal drugs for example
           | which a lot of people do in all strata.
           | 
           | Other factors that are rarely mentioned in these debates
           | include that cash must be counted and is far more error prone
           | than cashless transactions. Most people counting this cash
           | are actually 19 year olds or people who just aren't enthused
           | by their job, so plenty of mistakes mean cashless
           | transactions have a significant advantage in retail.
        
             | NickC25 wrote:
             | It's also necessary for when some states have a super low
             | minimum wage for restaurant/bar/food workers (because the
             | idea is that you'll make the difference up in tips) - in my
             | state (FL) I believe it's something like $2.75 or $3 per
             | hour. Tips are taxed, and you'd better believe the owner of
             | the establishment takes a cut of those tips, too, if they
             | are reported. You tip cash, all that goes straight to the
             | workers, most of whom are probably not rolling in the
             | dough. It goes quite a long way for those types of folks.
             | 
             | The lower the rung you're on economically, the more use you
             | have for cash.
        
               | autoexec wrote:
               | This is a good example of one way that cash is useful
               | today, but hopefully it's also one that will go away as
               | soon as possible. We should keep cash, but end tipping
               | and slave wages.
        
           | NickC25 wrote:
           | Sure, but that also means that taxes on those businesses are
           | burdensome to the point where it's better to not accept
           | digital payments or credit cards.
           | 
           | Or people just don't want to pay inflated prices just so a
           | payment processing company gets a nice % of every single
           | purchase.
           | 
           | As I said in another post in this thread, I myself run a
           | small business, and the vast majority of my sales are done
           | through digital payments. I have no problem with this, but if
           | I was to cut the payment platforms' fee, I could offer much
           | better prices without having to take a hit on my margins
           | (which themselves are sustainable and healthy, but not
           | fantastic). It's not about me bypassing taxes, it's about
           | providing a better price to my customers.
        
             | buzzdenver wrote:
             | You're paying the same taxes whether customers pay with
             | cash or CC, aren't you? What am I missing here?
             | 
             | I've been to a few restaurants that are cash only. Is that
             | an option for you?
        
               | NickC25 wrote:
               | I'm paying the same taxes, yes, but on top of taxes, I'm
               | paying a cut of each (pre-tax) sale to the CC company or
               | payment processing platform (Stripe, for example, charges
               | 2.3% of each transaction). That cut, while it might seem
               | like pennies to a customer (because in a sense, it
               | literally is roughly a quarter for a given $10 charge)
               | but over time and at scale, those cuts really add up.
               | 
               | If my revenue is say, $1m, that's roughly $23k that a CC
               | or payment processor gets right off the bat, so I'm
               | paying taxes on the $1mm but the cut takes a nice hit off
               | my end profits. That $23k would be infinitely more
               | valuable if I could reinvest it in my workforce, my
               | product, my team, or myself.
               | 
               | I'm not a restaurant but I am a food service provider. I
               | wish I could go cash-only but that would restrict who I
               | do business with, which at the stage I'm at, is not
               | really an option.
        
               | buzzdenver wrote:
               | IMO the crux of the issue is that CC companies can
               | legally forbid you from charging a different amount for
               | CC vs cash transactions.
        
               | graywh wrote:
               | https://www.nationalmerchants.com/is-it-legal-to-
               | surcharge-o...
        
               | PopAlongKid wrote:
               | >If my revenue is say, $1m, that's roughly $23k that a CC
               | or payment processor gets right off the bat, so I'm
               | paying taxes on the $1mm but the cut takes a nice hit off
               | my end profits.
               | 
               | If you are talking U.S. income tax, that is incorrect.
               | You are not paying taxes on $1 million, rather you are
               | paying taxes on $977K since the payment processing fees
               | are tax-deductible.
        
               | petre wrote:
               | You could incentivize people to pay cash by giving them a
               | 2.3% discount while raising your prices with the same
               | amount to cover banking comissions.
        
               | eigenhombre wrote:
               | Increasingly (in Chicago) I've been seeing restaurants
               | and cafes that are credit card- / debit card-only.
        
             | jbaber wrote:
             | I always wonder if processor terms force vendors not to
             | offer a separate cash price (or cash discount) or if it's
             | just the pain of doing it that makes it not super common. I
             | only use points cards because I'm trying to claw back the
             | premium for everybody using credit. I'd love to just pay
             | less in the first place and do cash everywhere.
        
           | gwright wrote:
           | This suggest to me that we should have a more sensible taxing
           | system not that we should build a tax system in which the
           | government must observe all transactions.
        
           | jtriangle wrote:
           | Cash prices in many places are lower, so places like gas
           | stations do tons of cash business. I highly doubt Exxon is
           | using cash to evade taxes, thus this is a fantastically poor
           | take.
        
             | eastbound wrote:
             | You doubt Exxon is using cash to evade taxes?
             | 
             | ??
             | 
             | Then why would they encourage to use cash using lower
             | prices? It's more costly to handle cash than to pay credit
             | card companies.
             | 
             | Also, countless examples of people digging into the cash
             | register as part of their position perks, or usual
             | management of remote petrol stations. Need to pay
             | protection money? Cash. Need to pay a provider? Cash.
        
               | lp0_on_fire wrote:
               | > You doubt Exxon is using cash to evade taxes?
               | 
               | What evidence do you have they are?
        
               | windthrown wrote:
               | What is your basis for "It's more costly to handle cash
               | than to pay credit card companies."? It seems much more
               | likely that they are encouraging cash with lower prices
               | to avoid paying the typical ~1-5% transaction costs to
               | Visa/MasterCard/Amex rather than a large scale tax
               | evasion scheme.
               | 
               | I understand your point about handling cash requiring
               | more labor (no self serve, armored trucks, etc) but I'd
               | be surprised if the cash sales were less profitable than
               | credit cards.
        
           | sifar wrote:
           | Physical cash is also the only thing preventing central banks
           | from running large negative interest rates since people would
           | simply start hoarding cash.
        
           | aleph_minus_one wrote:
           | > In 99% cases, cash is used to bypass taxes.
           | 
           | If the government would care that the citizens are very
           | honest with their taxes, they would create taxation laws that
           | make it incredibly easy to be honest ("a market is controlled
           | by incentives"). The mere fact how complicated the German
           | taxation laws are should be a clear evidence that this is not
           | the case.
        
           | swagempire wrote:
           | Tax evasion in what sense? Surely your earnings are your
           | earnings. If you are a business you have to drop that cash
           | into your bank account at the end of the week or else really
           | it's just petti cash and not significant.Then you have to
           | declare it at the end of the year -- and it could be subject
           | to an audit at anytime.
           | 
           | However buying things at a sex shop for example or how much I
           | drink at the local bar on Fridays might be nothing I want my
           | bank to know about.
        
             | yungporko wrote:
             | i think the comment you're replying to is wrong, but taking
             | payment in cash and spending it as cash lets you buy a hell
             | of a lot of stuff without being tracked. i've known several
             | drug dealers and handymen who have had entire wardrobes,
             | all the tech they own, bikes, even cars, all paid for in
             | cash that never went anywhere near their bank accounts.
             | pretty much the only important thing you can't easily buy
             | with cash is a home.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | I doubt that the percentage is that high. I use cash quite a
           | lot, but taxes isn't even on my list of reasons why.
           | 
           | It's also hard to see how using cash helps much in tax
           | avoidance except for perhaps with tipping.
        
           | vasdae wrote:
           | Sure, but what's the downside?
        
         | lainga wrote:
         | > As someone who worked with Chinese nationals, even some of
         | them who were complete simps for The Party had no desire to
         | have all their finances completely digitized and tracked.
         | 
         | HA! Reminds me of Bertolt Brecht's postwar life when he
         | returned to East Germany. In public, good socialist playwright
         | who wrote laudatory letters to the SED, in private, critic of
         | Stalinism... the great firewall between the two? The East
         | German authorities let him keep a Swiss bank account and
         | Austrian citizenship, so he could hold the earnings from his
         | plays out of their reach.
        
         | gumballindie wrote:
         | > I don't have much to hide
         | 
         | I have everything to hide from corporations. If they want my
         | data they have to pay me. Why are governments forcing me to
         | feed a database owned by some corporation for free? Every
         | product you buy and pay for collects data about you. Now they
         | want to know everything i buy from other people and
         | corporations too. Guaranteed transaction data will be made
         | available to the highest bider. Crazy times.
        
       | SantalBlush wrote:
       | >in this piece I'll lay out 10 talking points that you can use to
       | make even the most ardent card-tapper have second thoughts about
       | a totally bank-dominated society.
       | 
       | The writer is starting with the wrong premise: that people who
       | prefer a cashless system don't understand these things. They do.
       | They just don't care enough to do much about it.
       | 
       | It's not about a lack of understanding, it's about convenience. A
       | cashless system tends to be more convenient, and that's why
       | people like it.
        
         | NickC25 wrote:
         | > _It 's not about a lack of understanding, it's about
         | convenience. A cashless system tends to be more convenient, and
         | that's why people like it. _
         | 
         | Cashless is definitely more convenient (I'll give you that all
         | day, because it absolutely is), and it's great, but there are a
         | bunch of economic actors that would prefer to be able to pay in
         | cash or accept cash payments, and not all of those actors are
         | illicit actors - there are plenty of legitimate businesses that
         | would prefer to deal in cash whenever possible. Plenty of
         | service people such as waiters, barbers, drivers, etc...benefit
         | from cash. I think the lower on the economic rung you go, the
         | more useful cash is.
         | 
         | I'm a small biz owner myself, and I accept digital payments
         | with no problem, but those same digital payment platforms take
         | a nice cut of my margins. I can offer better prices if I don't
         | have to fork over 2-5% to a 3rd party that provides little
         | value outside of someone being able to pay me by tapping our
         | phones together.
        
           | OfSanguineFire wrote:
           | While you claim that there are a whole range of businesses
           | keen on getting cash, this is region-specific. You can go to
           | e.g. Sweden and find that those small businesses often refuse
           | to take your cash no matter how much you plead. As soon as it
           | becomes easy for every single person in an economy to take
           | digital payments, even if they are just selling strawberries
           | by the roadside or whatever, then even the people towards the
           | bottom of the economic rung might go cashless.
        
       | dc3k wrote:
       | I haven't used cash in a very long time. I haven't carried a
       | wallet at all in almost 5 years because every business takes tap
       | payments, so I can use my phone to pay. I don't think cash should
       | disappear, but I sure am glad there's an alternative because I
       | hate carrying it around.
        
         | iteria wrote:
         | This is how I feel. I keep cash in a safe at home for
         | emergencies like natural disasters, but carrying cash is a
         | burden. It's easily stolen and it's unwieldy to work with. The
         | presence of cash immediately makes it more dangerous to exist.
         | I don't want it to go away because power failure happens, but
         | anyone who has ever lived in a sketchy area knows that having a
         | lot cash on your person is not the best idea.
        
           | vfclists wrote:
           | How many times have something of yours been stolen, more
           | specifically how many times has your cash stashed at home
           | been stolen?
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | In doing so, you are leaving a detailed purchase record with
         | your credit provider.
         | 
         | This record is subject to subpoenas in legal actions against
         | you.
         | 
         | This record can also be sold for marketing purposes to generate
         | personalized advertising for you.
         | 
         | Be aware of this movement of your personal information.
        
           | organsnyder wrote:
           | We need stronger privacy laws to stop these activities rather
           | than trying to circumvent them ourselves. There are plenty of
           | ways to track people (tracking cell phones via bluetooth
           | beacons and wifi network pings, for example) even when credit
           | cards aren't used.
        
             | chasil wrote:
             | The point is that the very design of Bitcoin forces the
             | entire transaction history of the medium into every hand
             | that uses it (and can be obtained by anyone who wishes to
             | examine it).
             | 
             | You can pass all the laws that you want, but that will not
             | change unless you redesign it.
        
             | aleph_minus_one wrote:
             | > We need stronger privacy laws to stop these activities
             | rather than trying to circumvent them ourselves.
             | 
             | This assumes that the government can be trusted to care
             | about the citizen's privacy. This is an assumption that at
             | least cypherpunks explicitly do not share. Just find some
             | case involving terrorism or child abuse (depending on the
             | political climate), and new surveillance laws will become
             | passed.
        
           | bonton89 wrote:
           | I was thinking the other day about how much about me could be
           | easily inferred by my credit card purchase history, both good
           | and bad. Hitch it up into ML and sort me into good and bad
           | buckets for insurance or advertising. It already has been
           | happening I'm sure.
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | Those things are not or should not be the same.
           | 
           | The existence of the record is inevitably linked to the
           | ability for it to be used in legal actions or criminal
           | investigations.
           | 
           | However, the ability to use that record for literally every
           | other purpose, and especially for it to be sold for marketing
           | purposes, can be and should be made totally illegal by
           | appropriate banking secrecy regulations. If that's not the
           | case in USA, well, that should be fixable - there are
           | countries in which anyone in the bank doing that would be
           | literally a felony.
        
           | dc3k wrote:
           | I am well aware of all of this. I just don't care.
           | 
           | > This record is subject to subpoenas in legal actions
           | against you.
           | 
           | Don't worry, if I plan on committing any crimes I'll use cash
           | to fund them.
        
             | npongratz wrote:
             | What's legal and recorded today might be retroactively
             | prosecuted as a crime tomorrow.
        
         | vfclists wrote:
         | I guess you've never lost your phone or your wallet?
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | I have. I've also lost cash.
        
           | dc3k wrote:
           | I've never lost either, no.
        
         | JohnFen wrote:
         | I have no problem with people having the option to pay as you
         | do. I just hope that I won't be be forced to do likewise.
        
       | kylebenzle wrote:
       | I hate myself for trying to be "that guy" but I can't believe the
       | author doesn't mention Bitcoin/Monero in an article about digital
       | payments in 2023.
       | 
       | The combination of XMR for saving and something like BCH for
       | spending is such a dead simple solution to 99% of the world's
       | money issues it boggles my mind that it's taken 10 years for us
       | to get to where we are now, I thought it would have been 2-3
       | years at most.
       | 
       | And still, 10 years in, a near perfect tract record, people are
       | still unsure about Bitcoin. What's the issue exactly, people are
       | just scared?
       | 
       | I will never understand it. Ive said since 2012, I will either be
       | proven to be the biggest idiot in the world if/when crypto get
       | regulated or hacked and comes tumbling down, or people will be
       | begging to know how I saw it coming when Bitcoin swallows up the
       | worlds financial system black hole style. Either way, I'm
       | enjoying the show immensely.
        
         | chasil wrote:
         | Bitcoin has extreme scalability and privacy problems.
         | 
         | Over the course of 20 minutes, the maximum number of people who
         | can engage in transactions is somewhat under 50,000. This is
         | obviously unworkable as a global currency; if the user base and
         | transaction volumes rise, you might be waiting hours or days
         | for a transaction to complete.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin_scalability_problem
         | 
         | The blockchain also records details of your transactions
         | forever, and unless you carefully obfuscate your activity,
         | every bitcoin user will have the entire blockchain and your
         | entire history on it. Forever.
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Privacy_and_blockchain
         | 
         | This certainly gives me pause.
        
           | sMarsIntruder wrote:
           | No, it doesn't have scalability problem, neither privacy
           | issues. I'm tired of saying always the same stuff.
           | 
           | Do. Your. Own. Research.
           | 
           | You already have did it, so that's just bad faith.
        
             | chasil wrote:
             | Please enlighten us; how is this statement incorrect?
             | 
             | "The maximum throughput is the maximum rate at which the
             | blockchain can confirm transactions. Today, bitcoin's
             | maximum throughput is 3.3-7 transactions/sec. This number
             | is constrained by the maximum block size and the inter-
             | block time."
        
               | msgilligan wrote:
               | Google "Lightning Network". It allows for "off-chain"
               | transactions that aren't included in the "7 tx/sec"
               | limit.
        
               | chasil wrote:
               | The Lightning Network is in the Wiki's Stage 2 section:
               | 
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitcoin_scalability_problem
               | #%2...
               | 
               | "The Lightning Network requires putting a funding
               | transaction on the blockchain to open a payment channel."
               | 
               | Now, if we put the whole world on Bitcoin, how long does
               | it take to open that channel? Days?
        
               | msgilligan wrote:
               | Valid point, but we are decades away from putting the
               | whole world on Bitcoin. In those intervening decades
               | lightning alternatives and/or derivatives will likely be
               | developed that can allow the entire world to use Bitcoin.
        
               | kylebenzle wrote:
               | Yes, LN is a pretty dead idea from first principals since
               | Blockstream hijacked the GitHub repo.
               | 
               | But of course LN makes no sense if you just did what
               | Satoshi said and incrementally increase the block size as
               | needed, but then of course Blockstream cant sell you
               | their SideChain(tm) products.
               | 
               | The whole thing became really convoluted and dumb once
               | Adam Back got involved.
        
               | kylebenzle wrote:
               | Satoshi had the "solution" from day one, just
               | incrementally increase the block size as needed, the road
               | map BCH has chosen to follow, its really no big deal.
        
           | msgilligan wrote:
           | Lightning network (which admittedly has its own set of flaws)
           | does a reasonably good job of improving privacy and
           | increasing scalability. It's reasonable to assume that
           | Lightning and other "layer 2" technologies will continue to
           | develop if the Bitcoin user-base continues to grow.
           | 
           | Bitcoin and Lightning solve many of the issues in the article
           | and will improve.
           | 
           | As a society we should encourage both the use of physical
           | cash and decentralized cryptocurrency as alternatives to the
           | centralized banking "cashless" system.
        
             | kylebenzle wrote:
             | As far as I can tell LN has been failing 18 months at a
             | time for like 5 years now. Its never going to work is what
             | people seem to be saying.
             | 
             | Satoshi had the simple solution from day one, it is just to
             | incrementally increase the block size as needed, like the
             | BCH fork is doing, its really no big deal.
        
         | vfclists wrote:
         | Are Bitcoin and Monero decentralized?
         | 
         | Do the server providers take Bitcoin and Monero?
         | 
         | A currency is only as good as the stuff that can be bought with
         | it, which is why most petroleum is sold in dollars, not in
         | gold, bitcoin, or whatever.
         | 
         | Does your local shopkeeper take Bitcoin for goods?
         | 
         | Do you know how long it takes a Bitcoin transaction to be
         | confirmed and completed?
        
           | seabass-labrax wrote:
           | It is possible to pay with Bitcoin for a wide variety of
           | internet services like VPN/VPS and domain names, although
           | rarely possible for the popular providers.
           | 
           | Most local shops do not take Bitcoin, although there are some
           | places where it's more recognised. Some specialist online-
           | order retailers now take Bitcoin, such as Pimonori for hobby
           | electronics materials.
           | 
           | Bitcoin transactions are typically confirmed within a minute,
           | compared to hours or days in traditional banking. However,
           | Bitcoin does not have credit like traditional banks do, so
           | can't provide 'instant' payments.
        
         | lawlessone wrote:
         | >BCH
         | 
         | Lol'd BCH will hit the same scaling issues as actual bitcoin if
         | it becomes as popular as bitcoin and increasing the blocksizes
         | will lead to the very centralization it purports to be against
         | while only marginally fixing the scalability.
        
         | RHSeeger wrote:
         | With the caveat that my knowledge of Bitcoin is limited, I know
         | I can't be bothered to use it because
         | 
         | - Stories about transaction fees that are more than the cost of
         | something you would buy with it ($25 at on point)
         | 
         | - Stories about Bitcoin exchanges (if I have that term right)
         | where the person in charge just... took everything and ran; and
         | anyone with money in it just flat out lost it
         | 
         | - No way to reverse a transaction if you are scammed (vs a
         | credit card where you can almost infallibly get a transaction
         | reversed)
         | 
         | - Stories of exchanges failing and everyone losing out...
         | whereas in a bank, the FDIC handles it for you and you get your
         | money back
         | 
         | Now, I may be wrong about some of that... but those are the
         | stories I hear. And, given them, why would I even bother to try
         | Bitcoin?
        
           | MerelyMortal wrote:
           | With Monero, the fees get smaller (sub 0.01 USD) the more
           | transactions there are.
           | 
           | Why aren't banks subject to taking the money and running?
           | Banks could handle crypto.
           | 
           | Reversable transactions could probably be programmed in
           | certain conditions.
           | 
           | Banks/laws/policy/etc.
           | 
           | I wouldn't try Bitcoin either. Monero is a lot better, but
           | even then it's just a stepping stone of what could come if
           | enough people cared.
        
         | sMarsIntruder wrote:
         | It was BTC, not BCH, right? :)
        
           | seabass-labrax wrote:
           | BTC: the original Bitcoin, whereas BCH: Bitcoin Cash. Or was
           | a disambiguation between the two abbreviations not what you
           | were asking for?
        
         | BobaFloutist wrote:
         | People prefer currency that will be worth roughly the same
         | tomorrow that it was today.
         | 
         | Even forgoing all the (very many) other arguments for why
         | someone might not be interested in crytpo, it's not a very
         | stable currency.
        
       | lawlessone wrote:
       | I agree with some of what the author says. Especially about how
       | cashless means i can't just give a homeless person spare change.
       | 
       | But having worked at a cash register at for a period in my life
       | theres a lot of good reasons businesses do this.
       | 
       | Stores dealing in cash need a float at the register. Where I was
       | that was 500 euro. That's 500 euro in coins and lower value notes
       | that has to be at every register so that anyone that pays in cash
       | can be given the correct change.
       | 
       | A large store near me has about 20 registers, that during very
       | busy periods could all be open. So to guarantee they can accept
       | cash on a busy day like that means having 10 grand to just park
       | in these registers.
       | 
       | That's 10k that's vulnerable to theft either from employees or
       | robbers.
       | 
       | Security vans have to be hired to take the days takings to a bank
       | and bring lower denominations to the store to fill these floats.
       | 
       | When someone finishes a shift they have to spend time what they
       | have, that doesn't take long but it's another cost for the
       | company.
       | 
       | It also means insurance costs are higher.
       | 
       | The guy only accepting card payments from his horsebox converted
       | to a coffee shop doesn't worry about any of this.
       | 
       | At least where i am *living cash is more expensive than
       | electronic
        
         | boomchinolo78 wrote:
         | Card is a permanent %2+ tax, how does it compare?
        
           | dghlsakjg wrote:
           | See my sibling comment, but it is hard to quantify how much
           | cash costs because a lot of the costs are indirect or
           | infrequent capital costs. Things like employee time, and
           | money handling equipment. It will also vary enormously based
           | on the scale and nature of the business.
           | 
           | A small coffee shop can get by with a $129 cash drawer hooked
           | up to an iPad and a manager spending a few hours per week
           | counting money and visiting the bank. A large store like
           | Walmart can easily spend $100k+ on all of the equipment for
           | cash handling in addition to having to contract with an
           | armored car company.
        
             | jfengel wrote:
             | Note that "a few hours per week" for the manager costs
             | perhaps $30/hour total compensation. That's more than the
             | price of that drawer, every week.
             | 
             | Over a year, it's perhaps 4 hours/week x $30/hour x 52
             | weeks/year, which comes to over $6,000. That's real money
             | for a small coffee shop.
        
         | dghlsakjg wrote:
         | I think a lot of people miss out on how expensive cash is. I
         | worked as a cashier at a store, and at a bank branch that
         | mostly dealt with commercial customers, and there are a LOT of
         | indirect costs associated with cash.
         | 
         | With digital payments you see exactly how much the payments
         | cost. Swipe fee + processing fee, and it isn't fun as a
         | business owner to see ~3% of your money going to a bank.
         | 
         | With cash, it takes some effort to tally the costs. Cash
         | handling equipment: POS, safes, bill counters for larger
         | merchants, etc... Then you have to add the amount of time your
         | employees spend on cash: counting drawers at the start,
         | counting drawers at the end, managers counting money into and
         | out of the safe, managers taking cash to the bank, or hiring a
         | service to do that, cash goes missing through malice and
         | negligence, etc...
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | Dealing with it a register was a pain to say the least.
           | You'll constantly have people demanding change in particular
           | notes etc.
           | 
           | You often have to watch out for people insisting they handed
           | you a 50 so they can scam you into more change. Or get chewed
           | out by someone for the wrong change when really they just
           | dropped the note on the way back to their car. None of that
           | can happen with a card.
           | 
           | The card payments are nearly atomic, you paid or you didn't.
           | In a year doing the work I only once had someone claim a card
           | payment took the wrong amount and it was a very dubious
           | claim.
           | 
           | For cash i'd often I'd have to call a manager to request more
           | cash for the float. Because the older customer base would
           | spend their morning queueing outside at an ATM the buy the
           | smallest cheapest thing to get change, which they only needed
           | to pay another businesses that only dealt in cash.
           | 
           | It goes without saying my views are biased from dealing with
           | cash paying people.
        
           | aleph_minus_one wrote:
           | > I think a lot of people miss out on how expensive cash is.
           | I worked as a cashier at a store, and at a bank branch that
           | mostly dealt with commercial customers, and there are a LOT
           | of indirect costs associated with cash.
           | 
           | Then powerful trade organizations should lobby for
           | introducing a system of digital payments that offers at least
           | the same level of anonymity as cash.
        
             | dghlsakjg wrote:
             | Why would they lobby for that?
             | 
             | Merchants don't particularly care about the anonymity of
             | cash. Most merchants are rather fond of collecting data
             | about their customers.
        
             | fwungy wrote:
             | Then they can't resell your data.
        
           | mattmaroon wrote:
           | I've had a theory for many years that incorrect decisions are
           | often made simply because the cost or benefit of one option
           | is tangible and that of another aren't.
           | 
           | For instance employers underpay employees because the cost of
           | paying your employees more is easy to calculate but the cost
           | of not doing so (turnover, etc.) is real but hard to
           | determine.
        
             | dghlsakjg wrote:
             | Another one in the same vein is bad hiring processes. It is
             | somewhat easy to tell when you hired the wrong person. It
             | is close to impossible to know if you passed on the right
             | person.
        
               | mattmaroon wrote:
               | Yeah that's why everyone in software just says "no false
               | positives". I don't think they really do anything
               | differently, but they think they do.
        
           | bwanab wrote:
           | And yet, there are lots of businesses that give a discount
           | for cash specifically because of that 3% fee. Yes, I know the
           | standard trope is that it's so they can avoid taxes and in
           | some cases that's surely true. But, for many, if not most
           | businesses, there are way too many paper trails for the IRS
           | (or whatever the taxman is called in your country) to follow
           | that would make that difficult to pull off at any worthwhile
           | scale.
        
             | dghlsakjg wrote:
             | If I had to guess why some businesses do this I would
             | speculate on two things:
             | 
             | 1. Like I said, there are a lot of indirect costs with
             | cash, and a lot of businesses are just bad at calculating
             | these things (a surprising number of business owners are
             | REALLY bad with money and valuing time). For example, an
             | owner managed business might not value or care about the
             | owner having to count and make trips to the bank.
             | 
             | 2. Something in the nature of the business favors cash. For
             | example, if your average transaction value is < $5 and you
             | are running 100+ swipes per day, the fixed swipe fees of
             | $.10-$.30 are going to HURT (think convenience store).
             | Another example might be low/no margin stuff like gasoline,
             | gas is the loss leader for stations hoping you'll buy a
             | snack with a huge margin, so they offer a cash discount
             | since it is cheaper for them AND you have to go into the
             | store, which increases the chance of an impulse buy.
             | 
             | Someone with average transaction value of > $100 who only
             | runs ten transactions a day isn't that worried about losing
             | a dollar to swipe fees in exchange for not having to keep
             | thousands on premise at the end of the day (think car
             | mechanic).
        
             | creer wrote:
             | One is the cost they are used to (the cost of managing
             | cash), the other is the new outrageous cost (card
             | processing fees, cost of the machines, etc)
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | > I think a lot of people miss out on how expensive cash is.
           | 
           | If the expense is that big of a problem, then stores could
           | put in a surcharge for using cash. I'd pay it. It would be
           | well worth it to avoid having to use cards.
        
             | idopmstuff wrote:
             | This would almost certainly cause a substantial public
             | backlash that would outweigh the benefit.
        
           | petre wrote:
           | It' s the cost of doing business. With cashless you need a
           | POS, digital infrastructure, the bank takes a cut, Visa takes
           | a cut, no cell service or too many people on a cell means not
           | doing business, doubled payments mean headaches for both
           | cashiers and customers.
        
         | ARandumGuy wrote:
         | These are all very good reasons why a business may not want to
         | accept cash. Cash adds a lot of overhead and security risks
         | that can completely negate any savings gained by not having to
         | pay credit card fees.
         | 
         | The problem is that if enough businesses stop accepting cash,
         | then it becomes nigh impossible to participate in society if
         | you can only pay in cash. Which can be a big problem in the US,
         | where not everyone has access to credit cards or free checking
         | accounts.
         | 
         | This is why I support regulation that requires businesses to
         | accept cash. Yes, it adds overhead. But it also means the most
         | vulnerable in our society are actually able to buy things.
        
           | cbdumas wrote:
           | An alternative might be regulation ensuring people have
           | access to banking services, either privately or by the
           | government offering these services directly
        
             | lawlessone wrote:
             | I'm biased here, but a basic electronic income seems like a
             | solution to me.
        
           | ta_vf7xjd34cc wrote:
           | > But it also means the most vulnerable in our society are
           | actually able to buy things.
           | 
           | Forcing banks and digital wallet providers to provide users a
           | prepaid card/digital balance in exchange for cash is a good
           | alternative. This should be a part of the charter/license
           | under which such organisations operate.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | That doesn't address the issue of all the tracking and data
             | collection that comes with using cards, though. That crap
             | is why I prefer to use cash.
        
         | ale42 wrote:
         | All this about the costs of dealing with cash are true. But
         | they're especially true for the big players.
         | 
         | I've seen several shops (including small coffee and ice cream
         | places) telling people more or less openly that they prefer
         | cash. Because card companies take a margin on every
         | transaction, and don't allow them to charge more to compensate.
         | Some try to go around the other way (offering e.g. a 5%
         | discount to people paying cash - I had this at a restaurant).
         | The problem is that the big ones can negotiate lower
         | transaction fees with the card companies...
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | I suspect some of it's a tax thing as it's a lot harder to
           | hide income when all your transactions are digital.
           | 
           | hypocrisy on my part but I have probably benefitted from
           | paying cash for handiwork done that was only cheap because
           | the person might not have paid tax.
        
             | ale42 wrote:
             | If you get paid cash and give a receipt/cash ticket, I'm
             | not sure you can avoid declaring that revenue to the tax
             | authorities. It's enough that one of your customers uses
             | that ticket to deduce it as a professional expense from
             | their own tax declaration to get potentially caught.
             | 
             | I was hearing that all the time before card payments were a
             | common thing (i.e. in the '80s, writing from Europe),
             | "didn't get a receipt... they want to avoid taxes"
        
             | creer wrote:
             | I don't know about that. I mean there are not many places
             | (at least around here) that don't use cash registers.
             | Nothing eliminates fraud but just because it's cash doesn't
             | make it obvious or foolproof.
             | 
             | At the same time, we often hear of ludicrous ways to try
             | and beat the tax authority. I'm sure people try often
             | enough.
        
         | c22 wrote:
         | There are huge risks to operating any sort of physical retail
         | establishment, well beyond managing the change in the tills.
         | This doesn't mean the world would be better served if all
         | retail happened online. The risks are worth the rewards.
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | >well beyond managing the change in the tills.
           | 
           | It's not small change though.
           | 
           | Shop lifters are an issue but weight limits the value of what
           | they could steal. The shop doesn't have to pay for an armored
           | truck to deliver the milk, a regular truck works fine because
           | we don't have armed milk robbers.
        
             | c22 wrote:
             | There are risks in physical retail far beyond managing the
             | shoplifting problem as well. In fact, theft of all sorts is
             | only a small portion of the risk-pie here.
        
         | OfSanguineFire wrote:
         | > cashless means i can't just give a homeless person spare
         | change.
         | 
         | You could, if there were just more uptake of digital payments
         | by individuals. In China, beggars asking to be paid via app has
         | been a thing for years now. There are beggars in parts of sub-
         | Saharan Africa who use the local very developed mobile-payments
         | infrastructure.
        
           | AlanYx wrote:
           | >In China, beggars asking to be paid via app has been a thing
           | for years now.
           | 
           | This is true -- street beggars in China typically have
           | printed and laminated QR codes to make contributions easier.
        
         | pengaru wrote:
         | Here in the US most of the stores with that many cashiers are
         | grocery stores and have become increasingly automated via "self
         | checkout", and they're still perfectly capable of accepting
         | cash - it's like an ATM machine, and far more challenging to
         | rob with a gun.
         | 
         | The locale I've most encountered the cashless shift has been
         | Santa Monica, not at the grocery stores with tons of cashiers,
         | but at small restaurants and such where they've embraced
         | cashless and in many cases menu-less as well. It's outright
         | _hostile_ to find yourself socializing there without a phone
         | and just a wad of cash. And it should be made illegal IMNSHO,
         | as these are public spaces operating with a business license
         | discriminating against those without credit cards and /or
         | smartphones. This is private members-only club levels of B.S.
         | 
         | Portland is another locale I've been affected by this BTW.
        
         | creer wrote:
         | The costs are just one side of it. A good reason to accept both
         | cash and cards is that customers like that. No doubt it would
         | be cheaper to stock only one brand of cereals and yet nobody
         | does that.
        
           | idopmstuff wrote:
           | If this is the argument, though, then it's a good one to let
           | the market sort out. If customers have a strong enough
           | preference for cash that it outweighs the costs, businesses
           | can figure this out and accept cash.
           | 
           | Different stores can have different options in terms of how
           | they handle cash. Costco only has one kind of toilet paper.
           | Target has 10. There are pluses and minuses that they can
           | weigh themselves.
        
             | creer wrote:
             | It's one argument but yes and no.
             | 
             | I was thinking it's one argument for the store that has the
             | OPTION to go cashless and might not - just so as to serve
             | more customers.
             | 
             | But the store is not deciding on its own. For example if
             | costs are pushed by outside forces too far one way or the
             | other. Say, if the tax authority makes it hell to accept
             | cash. Well then the store does not really have the option.
             | The decision has been made for them.
        
       | nerdbert wrote:
       | I agree with almost all of his points, but it turns out I don't
       | agree enough to forego the convenience of doing without cash.
       | 
       | If bitcoin weren't so stupid I'd gladly use that instead of
       | highly centralized corporate payment systems.
        
         | boomchinolo78 wrote:
         | In the US cash is more convenient for paying dinner. Instead of
         | the awkward dance of check -> put card -> bring back -> tip.
         | You just pay it with tip, can easily round up or down a bit...
        
           | kalupa wrote:
           | it still is wild that they take the card away from the table
           | when tap payments exist so extensively, even in the USA.
           | 
           | Here in Canada, the servers often will bring the card reader
           | at the same time as they bring over the bill, because the
           | assumption is you're likely paying with a card, either credit
           | or debit, so why not save the extra trips entirely?
        
             | balderdash wrote:
             | I actually prefer it - I hate having the waiter hovering
             | over me while i decide the tip + I can continue a
             | conversation/finalize my bill at my leisure if my card is
             | simply returned awaiting my signature.
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | Yes, it is far less intrusive!
        
               | petre wrote:
               | In Europe they look the other way so you can type your
               | PIN without them looking over your shoulder. Waiters are
               | quite professional about this aspect.
        
             | xena wrote:
             | Canadian banks send you the reader for free, US banks make
             | you pay. The cheapest option wins.
        
             | Analemma_ wrote:
             | It seems to be rolling out gradually. In Seattle I'd say
             | about a quarter of restaurants bring card readers to the
             | table and it's ticking up over time.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | How is that any different from the "awkward dance" of using
           | cash and waiting to get change back? And trying to make sure
           | you wind up with bills of the necessary denominations to be
           | able to leave the right tip? Not to mention when you realize
           | you misplanned and need to visit the ATM while someone stays
           | at the table.
           | 
           | No, if we're talking only about convenience, a card wins
           | every single time.
        
             | JohnFen wrote:
             | > How is that any different from the "awkward dance" of
             | using cash and waiting to get change back?
             | 
             | I don't wait for the change to come back. The change is
             | part of (or the entirety of, depending) the tip.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | My ATM only dispenses 20's. (And 50's.)
               | 
               | What do you do when the bill+tax is 19? And with a normal
               | tip would be 22 or 23?
               | 
               | And you don't have anything less than a 20 at the moment?
               | Because, you know, that happens?
        
               | JohnFen wrote:
               | I don't know... that's never really happened to me. I
               | generally have a small selection of bills smaller than
               | 20s in my wallet.
               | 
               | I guess in those cases I'd wait for change.
        
         | c22 wrote:
         | I buy stuff without cash all the time, but if I find myself in
         | an establishment that does not accept cash I buy nothing at
         | all, and usually loudly remark that it sucks that I can't use
         | cash there while I am leaving.
        
           | JohnFen wrote:
           | I do the same, except for the loudly complaining part. I just
           | won't do business there, and won't return.
        
         | fsflover wrote:
         | > If bitcoin weren't so stupid I'd gladly use that instead of
         | highly centralized corporate payment systems.
         | 
         | Did you consider Monero or Etherium?
        
           | xena wrote:
           | Name five restaurants that take either.
        
         | aleph_minus_one wrote:
         | > I agree with almost all of his points, but it turns out I
         | don't agree enough to forego the convenience of doing without
         | cash.
         | 
         | Well, having to check the correctness of the electronic
         | transactions (are the correct? Were some of them fraudulent? -
         | yes, both happens) all the time, and having to get along with
         | the "anti-fraud systems" often involved in electronic
         | transactions is in my experience _very inconvenient_. Cash is
         | much more convenient in this regard.
         | 
         | P.S. Of course every hacker ("Hacker News") would also
         | correctly say that paying electronically without leaking lots
         | of private data is hard, and thus very inconvenient. Another
         | argument why cash is more convenient.
        
       | crazygringo wrote:
       | I just want cash _cards_.
       | 
       | I don't want cash to disappear. I just want dumb grubby pieces of
       | paper and heavy grimy coins to go the way of the dodo. With all
       | of the logistical and security costs they entail.
       | 
       | Just give me digital cash that can be stored on a card, that
       | doesn't require a bank account and isn't tied to anyone's
       | identity, and where any cell phone is capable of transferring
       | value between cards (and between bank accounts and cards).
        
         | tastyfreeze wrote:
         | The card industry has zero incentive to create a card like
         | this. Card issuers collect 1.25-3.5% of every payment made with
         | a card. A global sales tax paid to a small collection of
         | companies. This is fantastically profitable. I suspect if a
         | card was created that would mean less revenue for the card
         | issuers it would be embraced then extinguished.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | Who said anything about a card industry?
           | 
           | Digital cash needs to be implemented by the government with
           | zero transaction fees.
           | 
           | This needs to be something run by the government, in the same
           | way the government runs printing physical cash.
           | 
           | This has nothing whosoever to do with MC/Visa/etc.
        
             | coding_unit_1 wrote:
             | This is already in progress, at least in the UK
             | https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/the-digital-pound
        
               | aleph_minus_one wrote:
               | > This is already in progress, at least in the UK
               | https://www.bankofengland.co.uk/the-digital-pound
               | 
               | Does this enable completely anonymous payments, or is
               | this another step towards more surveillance?
        
             | tastyfreeze wrote:
             | Who do you think the government would contract to provide
             | card services?
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | I couldn't care less as long as the government is paying
               | for it and it's going to the lowest bidder according to
               | its specifications.
               | 
               | Might be MC, might be a bank, might be a startup backed
               | by investors.
               | 
               | It doesn't really matter at all. But the point is that it
               | doesn't matter if existing card providers like it or not.
        
             | elzbardico wrote:
             | And if the government created a network for that, and asked
             | for 0.1% fee instead of 1.5%, 3.0%, people would act as if
             | this was the beginning of Stalinism.
        
               | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
               | I get the feeling the commenter you responded to would
               | more or less agree. They specifically mentioned zero
               | transaction fees.
        
               | elzbardico wrote:
               | zero fees is unrealistic, any such system has costs.
        
               | lcnPylGDnU4H9OF wrote:
               | The government generally funds its projects via taxes;
               | zero fees is perfectly realistic.
        
           | cowbolt wrote:
           | Norway and Denmark have national card schemes (BankAxept and
           | Dankort) which are used for virtually all PoS transactions.
           | They cost a fraction of the transaction costs that Visa and
           | Mastercard charge. These arose by banks agreeing to a
           | standardized solution.
           | 
           | Was there ever any attempt to do something similar in the US?
        
             | AaronM wrote:
             | Doubtful; the card processors would probably lobby hard
             | against it, and given our current state of politics would
             | never pass
        
         | tkems wrote:
         | I'd love to see a digital option not tied to identities, but I
         | think that is never going to happen due to the KYC (know your
         | customer) laws in place. I hate bring cryptocurrency into this,
         | but even with "distributed" currencies, we are seeing KYC laws
         | preventing true, anonymous payments (like Monero not accepted
         | at large exchanges).
        
           | livueta wrote:
           | IC cards in Japan, like Pasmo and Suica, kind of work like
           | this: originally intended for transit passes but also
           | accepted at lots of retailers, usually for smaller purchases.
           | You buy a card and load it with cash at a machine, no KYC
           | required. It's really convenient and I'd happily use such a
           | system in daily life in the West.
           | 
           | In theory correlating the card purchase with location or
           | camera data would be possible, but even that's a win as it
           | moves transaction surveillance from dragnet to bespoke.
        
         | OfSanguineFire wrote:
         | > dumb grubby pieces of paper
         | 
         | This is a flaw of implementation, not of banknotes in and of
         | themselves. Some countries moved to plastic banknotes[0]
         | already many years ago: Australia, Romania, Vietnam, just to
         | name a few. They don't get grotty like e.g. American dollar
         | notes. A cool feature is that if you are at the beach and have
         | nowhere to leave your valuables, you can just go swimming with
         | them inside your pocket.
         | 
         | [0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_banknote
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | They're cleaner, that doesn't mean they're clean. But they're
           | still suffering from all of the rest of the logistical and
           | security problems. You need to have change on hand; you need
           | to have armored cars; you need to visit ATMs. These are flaws
           | of banknotes in and of themselves.
        
         | chii wrote:
         | which would've been bitcoin, if it wasnt so volatile and
         | unstable.
        
         | danaris wrote:
         | I'm skeptical that this would be an improvement over
         | credit/debit cards in the ways that matter most to the people
         | who are most concerned about this: privacy and anonymity.
         | 
         | Cash is anonymous and (largely) untrackable by its fundamental
         | nature. Once you introduce _anything_ digital into the system,
         | it becomes easy enough to add a tracking layer that I think it
         | very unlikely any such system would remain free of one for
         | long, no matter how it started out.
        
           | crazygringo wrote:
           | I mean, if it's not tied to a bank account or identity, then
           | what's the problem?
           | 
           | It's not like physical cash is untrackable either -- every
           | bill has a unique serial number. Just like Bitcoin keeps a
           | record of every transaction.
           | 
           | If you want it to be private and anonymous, that's up to you
           | to make sure you don't tie anything about your identity when
           | you acquire a particular physical card for use/storage. The
           | exact same way you have to be careful when acquiring Bitcoin,
           | for example.
        
             | danaris wrote:
             | Sure; every bill has a serial number--but that serial
             | number isn't going to be recorded automatically by every
             | single hand it passes through simply as a matter of how the
             | technology works.
             | 
             | It's not at all far-fetched to imagine a particular bill
             | passing through _dozens_ of hands in multiple states
             | without any unique record of it being recorded anywhere.
             | 
             | A cash card, on the other hand, _requires_ some kind of
             | connection to a central authority to verify what it has on
             | it--otherwise counterfeiting on a grand scale becomes all
             | too easy. So every single transaction at least _can_ be
             | logged, whether or not it is by default--and there 's no
             | way for us as regular users of the technology to tell that
             | it's _not_ if the government says it 's not. And given that
             | it is a _cash_ card, it will need to be loaded periodically
             | if it is to remain useful--either that, or you 'll just
             | have to keep buying new ones with physical cash, which
             | drastically decreases the convenience factor compared to
             | either physical cash _or_ a debit /credit card. It also
             | drastically increases your risk footprint if you _are_
             | attempting to remain below the radar.
             | 
             | So while anonymity is theoretically possible,
             | untrackability is not--and the moment your identity is
             | associated with even _one_ use of the card (whether by a
             | security camera, or correlation with cell phone location
             | data, or loading it from a debit or credit card, or
             | whatever else), the entire history of that card is at least
             | potentially linkable to you.
        
               | crazygringo wrote:
               | > _but that serial number isn 't going to be recorded
               | automatically by every single hand it passes through_
               | 
               | You'd be surprised. The ATM knows the serial number of
               | every bill it dispenses, and all those 20's spent at a
               | retailer tend to go straight to the bank where serials
               | are again scanned in.
               | 
               | But yeah, if you're trying to hide your activity from the
               | government, you're going to need a complicated strategy
               | of cards and transfers. This is no different from
               | Bitcoin, or trying to spend cash you stole from a bank.
               | 
               | Digital cash is perfectly fine if you don't want to be
               | tracked by algorithms trying to build profiles of
               | everyone.
               | 
               | If you're trying to hide yourself from the police when
               | they're trying to catch you personally... I mean, good
               | luck. Even with paper currency.
        
       | vfclists wrote:
       | This should put the need for cash into perspective.
       | 
       | https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-66354476.amp
       | 
       | In fact is should put the need for centralized entities for
       | controlling all transactions into perspective.
        
       | tkems wrote:
       | I recently started seeing advertising related to products that I
       | had purchased at a large US supermarket. I did some digging on
       | the payment card networks and found that they are sent a lot more
       | data that I realized. Level 3 data (the highest and most
       | complete) sends product data about what you bought to the payment
       | network (Visa, Mastercard, Amex, etc.). I have no idea what they
       | do with this data and who they sell it to. I love the protection
       | of using credit cards, but if merchants go cashless, privacy goes
       | with it.
        
         | balderdash wrote:
         | Could you expand more on this I didn't realize card networks
         | actually got itemized data (e.g. $12.35 at the gas station was
         | for a pack of cigarettes or some windshield wiper fluid and and
         | some beef jerky)
        
           | tkems wrote:
           | Sure! I found this documentation from Clover (a payment
           | processor like Square):
           | https://docs.clover.com/docs/understanding-level-3-data
           | 
           | The Level 3 data isn't sent from all merchants, but I have a
           | feeling that larger ones pass along the info.
           | 
           | I also was incorrect above, only Mastercard and Visa support
           | level 3 data. However, level 2 data is widely supported and
           | can contain some purchase info (Clover lists the SKU of an
           | item for example).
        
             | balderdash wrote:
             | This is terrifying
        
           | PeterisP wrote:
           | They don't get it as a rule, and they didn't get it at all
           | for a long time - that is optional data for which there is a
           | standard where the terminal can send it if it is configured
           | to do so; and some merchants are now sending it - probably
           | there's some agreement where they get some financial benefit
           | for doing so.
        
         | Tarsul wrote:
         | there was recently an article about mastercard and its data
         | hoarding/sharing: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37636071
        
       | mattmaroon wrote:
       | "I'll lay out 10 talking points that you can use to make even the
       | most ardent card-tapper have second thoughts about a totally
       | bank-dominated society."
       | 
       | 0 of these points gave me second thoughts.
       | 
       | As a merchant, cash sucks. It's slow AF to make change. I have to
       | trust my employees not to steal it in a way that I don't with
       | credit card. (They can just not ring something up and pocket the
       | cash, that's not a thing right credit.)
       | 
       | I have to deal with handling it which in my line means sometimes
       | even hiring private security and at least two trips to a bank.
       | (None of the bankless or anti-financial stuff applies to
       | legitimate businesses.)
       | 
       | It's well worth 2.5% of my sales to never have to handle it
       | again. So I don't, and at every big event I do, there are a small
       | percentage of people mad about it and one guy who thinks I'm
       | violating his constitutional rights and damnit he's going to do
       | something about it. (He never does.)
       | 
       | As a consumer it's fragile, easy to lose, easy to not have when I
       | need it, and takes up a lot of pocket space. I'm so annoyed when
       | I'm required to have cash for something and thank God for square
       | and the raft of competitors it inspired for not making me do it
       | ever again.
        
       | keiferski wrote:
       | Cashless is simply too convenient to be beaten by "you shouldn't
       | do this" arguments. Unfortunate but true.
       | 
       | I am not an expert at this by any means, but one idea I've had is
       | for smartphones / a "credit chip" to have preloaded cash on to
       | it, which is then used to make purchases _without_ sending that
       | information back to your bank account.
       | 
       | So, for example: you make a $100 deposit from your bank account
       | to your smartphone. You can then make purchases from your
       | smartphone, _not_ from your card. The purchasing data stays local
       | to your device.
        
         | balderdash wrote:
         | This seems like it would need to be independent of the card
         | networks as well?
        
           | keiferski wrote:
           | The data would need to stay local to your phone, otherwise
           | this wouldn't prevent tracking from card networks, etc. You
           | could add cash to your phone via a card, but the only record
           | would be the raw amount, not what you're spending the money
           | on. (In other words, exactly the same as taking cash from an
           | ATM.)
        
             | ghaff wrote:
             | What happens if your phone breaks?
        
               | keiferski wrote:
               | It occurs to me now that what I'm proposing is not
               | drastically different from how crypto works. In which
               | case, there may be some way to back up the phone
               | elsewhere, or maybe not - we don't have a backup for cash
               | and if you lose it, too bad. Keep your transfer amounts
               | small enough that it won't be a disaster if you lose the
               | phone.
        
         | seabass-labrax wrote:
         | Tentatively, I would say that is 'easy'. Easy because the
         | necessary smart card technology has existed for decades, and
         | because almost every smartphone now retailing includes Near-
         | Field Communication features and smart card chips already.
         | Although early smart cards had some security flaws (as would be
         | expected in the early days of widespread civilian encryption),
         | these no longer apply to modern smart cards.
         | 
         | I bought a day pass for the Brussels city transport system at a
         | ticket machine last month, and the machine simply loaded and
         | dispensed a smart card for me to use immediately on any bus,
         | tram or train. This shows that smart cards are not only cheap,
         | they can be literally disposable!
         | 
         | Therefore I would say that is 100% a policy issue: all it would
         | take is one country or large city to implement digital cash
         | _with the legal and functional constructs to ensure anonymous
         | transactions_ and your dream would come true.
        
         | piperswe wrote:
         | That's essentially how smartphone IC cards work in Japan. You
         | can load the virtual card using a credit/debit card, and spend
         | it (offline, I think) at train stations and many shops.
         | 
         | You can also get a regular plastic IC card, and load it with
         | cash or card. Works the same way, except you can only load it
         | at a machine rather than just on the Wallet app on your phone.
        
       | taeric wrote:
       | These reasons are... dubious. If anything, many are reasons we
       | should stop finding ways to charge for everything. Cash or
       | otherwise.
       | 
       | And some of these are, themselves, falling for the odd invisible
       | nature of how expensive some things are. Take your bike. How much
       | does it cost to keep the roadways maintained so that you can use
       | said bike? That isn't a balance. That is you ignoring some costs.
       | 
       | Data surveillance? Even if you are sending in checks for your ISP
       | or using cash on delivery for items, they are still just as
       | trackable. Modern computation is just too advanced to think going
       | back to older payment styles will make a difference.
       | 
       | Exclusion? You can look at our history to see that you fight
       | exclusion by fighting exclusion. Luddite holding on to older
       | technologies is almost certainly going to be weaponized more to
       | exclude folks than moving to cards.
       | 
       | Same for economic censorship. You fight that by building stronger
       | protections for people. Not requiring older payment styles. I'm
       | also not clear on how "cash" helps here. It can be confiscated
       | just as easily. And nobody is going around with enough cash on
       | hand that they can ignore literal government level sanctions.
       | 
       | Resiliency has a bit of a point. Is amusing when a store can't
       | let you buy things because the register is down. I'd love to see
       | that explored more.
       | 
       | The rest of the bullets seem to be the same. Advocating for old
       | payment styles is largely less effective than advocating for
       | stronger consumer protections. To the point that even things I
       | agree are bad, I just don't see "cash" as a good answer there.
        
         | openthc wrote:
         | In USA (for example) if we were cashless then then millions of
         | tax dollars collected by state governments from cannabis sales
         | would not have happened.
         | 
         | This is because 100% of the electronic payment players
         | currently block it; and they block it because the federal
         | government blocks it.
         | 
         | The only path to legalized cannabis there would have been at
         | the federal level; it would have blocked 20+ states with their
         | experiments.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | Right, but my argument is that that blocking is the problem?
           | And you'd be silly to think that any of the other concerns
           | aren't still there for cash buyers. Hell, many of the pot
           | shops are now scanning your ID.
           | 
           | I should note that the only path to legalized cannabis is
           | still, strictly speaking, at the federal level. It is a
           | federally illegal thing. To pretend otherwise is a dangerous
           | risk a lot of places are willing to take.
        
           | ghaff wrote:
           | That's actually not true.
           | 
           | It may have been at first. But, in my state, you can pay by
           | debit card these days, albeit for a small surcharge.
        
             | openthc wrote:
             | 100% of of these folks doing card-type payments are playing
             | cat and mouse (I know because I'm very involved in this
             | industry). Some don't tell their up-stream processors what
             | they are doing. Others are constantly shifting their
             | processing through various gateways. None of it currently
             | runs on the credit-rails. But all the debit-rail processing
             | is happening in a dark-grey area. One of these debit-rail
             | providers has like four banking parterships per state they
             | "work" in -- so when they strike out on one, they can move
             | to another. You can observe that in the retail store when
             | they say "oh, EBT isn't working today".
             | 
             | And more importantly, in 2014 when the regulated cannabis
             | industry started -- electronic only would have blocked it
             | -- or created an additional huge hurdle. It's taken eight
             | years to get to this crap-tastick hack of workarounds and
             | outright lies.
        
           | ufmace wrote:
           | This aspect of things really ought to scare everyone a lot
           | more. All of the enormous mega-corporations involved in card
           | processing are so heavily regulated and so dependent on the
           | Federal Government, that it doesn't even take actual laws to
           | make them do things. Just get a couple of regulators in place
           | to vaguely hint that they might have a hard time at their
           | next compliance review if they don't ban thing X that we
           | don't like today, and boom, it's gone. Only a few companies
           | can even afford to operate in this space, so that's all it
           | takes to effectively ban something from the whole financial
           | market.
        
       | marssaxman wrote:
       | As I have seen "we are a cash-free business" signs begin to
       | proliferate, I have begun to carry and use more cash, because I
       | don't want to get stuck in a cashless society.
        
       | kardianos wrote:
       | I'm still curious if we could have the best of both worlds with
       | something like Taler https://taler.net/en/index.html . I don't
       | know if it could be a genuine replacement for cash. My concern
       | about Taler grew when they demonstrated you could fit in
       | purchases that were restricted, ostensibly to give a kid cash
       | that prevented them from spending it on adult items. This
       | restriction could theoretically be applied to adults who aren't
       | "good enough" as well.
        
       | waffletower wrote:
       | While I think cash is important, and I think many of the threats
       | posed by digital payments infrastructure to low income
       | individuals are real, I believe that the fears of surveillance
       | capitalism are exaggerated. Google hasn't been able to
       | convincingly provide targeted ads that reflect my obvious
       | demographic and interest profile, data they definitely have
       | available, for years. Amazon is incredibly crude at this as well,
       | and Alexa obviously can't recognize our consumer habits at all.
       | Square never informs any advertising I am inflicted with,
       | otherwise I would be inundated with hoagie ads. People love fear,
       | but I think it would be better to focus on reality rather than
       | speculation. I hear you about the cost of cash -- it is clearly
       | very high -- so high that some major banks are simply closing
       | large numbers of branches, and, more to the point, many ATM
       | locations. This is happening even in dense urban areas. It is
       | increasingly difficult for me to obtain cash, particularly
       | without paying a bank fee for the "privilege". We can't simply
       | wish that cost away without some government intervention -- and
       | good luck with that in many countries.
        
       | couchdive wrote:
       | all good points.
       | 
       | But, we are forgetting the unbanked, underbanked, the day
       | laborers and migrant farm workers paid cash, the LexisNexis
       | tracking leading to unbanked.
       | 
       | Check cashing places are slimming, buts that's more due to entry
       | level jobs offering prepaid debit cards as payment of salary. Yum
       | Brands I believe does this. But of course, prepaid debit cards
       | cant be used everywhere. (Hotels, deposits, some gas pumps, etc)
        
       | msgilligan wrote:
       | The article makes some great points, but it is surprising that
       | the article doesn't mention Bitcoin, cryptocurrency, or even the
       | theoretical possibility of a "digital cash" that mitigates some
       | or all of the issues he identifies.
       | 
       | I personally think that Bitcoin and the Lightning Network (with
       | forthcoming and as-of-yet-undiscovered improvements) is our best
       | long-term alternative to the "unbalanced cashless" society that
       | he rightly fears. I admit I could be wrong about Bitcoin, but the
       | larger point should be that we, as a society, need to allow for
       | options other than what the "banking sector using big tech
       | devices" is offering.
       | 
       | Freedom and the market system are about giving people options.
       | Cash, Bitcoin, and other cryptocurrencies should all be available
       | to consumers. Our right to use cash should be protected and it
       | makes sense for individuals to "vote with their [paper] dollars"
       | to help preserve that option and that right. The same applies to
       | Bitcoin and other "digital cash" systems.
        
       | dabbz wrote:
       | My issue with cashless has nothing to do with privacy, but with
       | card companies dictating what can and cannot be transacted by
       | with their network.
        
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