[HN Gopher] Raspberry Pi 5 has no hardware video encoding and on...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Raspberry Pi 5 has no hardware video encoding and only HEVC
       decoding
        
       Author : InsomniacL
       Score  : 297 points
       Date   : 2023-10-30 12:47 UTC (10 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.raspberrypi.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.raspberrypi.com)
        
       | giantrobot wrote:
       | The title doesn't seem to match the content. The comments are
       | talking about hardware accelerated _encode_ but I didn 't see
       | anything about accelerated _decode_ being dropped.
        
         | devl547 wrote:
         | Official specs only state 4Kp60 HEVC decoder
         | 
         | So no encoders and no h.264 decoder.
        
           | orra wrote:
           | Interesting. Thankfully, LibreElec think the Raspberry Pi 5
           | is strictly better, despite shifting to software decoding:
           | 
           | > BCM2712 supports HEVC 4K60 hardware decoding. It no longer
           | supports H264 in hardware. This might sound odd but it
           | removes the RPi4's 1080p restriction on H264 decoding and the
           | 4K H264 test media we have has played. The big increase in
           | performance from the Quad-Core A76 chip means RPi5 can
           | software decode AV1, H264, VC1, VP9, and more at 1080p with
           | ease
           | 
           | https://libreelec.tv/2023/09/28/rpi5-support/
        
         | MikusR wrote:
         | https://forums.raspberrypi.com/viewtopic.php?p=2138929#p2138...
         | 
         | "JPEG and H264 encode and decode is now in software"
        
         | michaelt wrote:
         | _> "Actually only 4kp60 H265 (HEVC) decode is available
         | 
         | > But it only uses 50% of the processors to do 1080p60 on
         | YouTube"_
         | 
         | https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/introducing-raspberry-pi-5/...
        
         | InsomniacL wrote:
         | The information is spread over multiple comments, I could only
         | link to one comment and thought just linking to the main
         | article would be confusing as the article itself doesn't
         | mention it.
        
       | lxgr wrote:
       | That's somewhat understandable, but still a bit disappointing.
       | Not all playback devices support HEVC, and additionally HEVC will
       | likely remain patent-encumbered much longer than e.g. H.264.
       | 
       | I really wish there was at least one other and open hardware-
       | accelerated format. It's probably a bit too early for AV1, but
       | VP9 would work with modern iOS and Android devices, for example.
       | 
       | I also wonder how much licensing costs were a concern here,
       | although past RPis had software-unlockable codecs for that exact
       | reason.
        
         | gjsman-1000 wrote:
         | They say elsewhere that the quality and usability of them did
         | not meet what they considered reasonable for the mm^2 of die
         | space required.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Ah, yes, I do agree on the quality - it certainly can't
           | compete in any way with high-quality software or dedicated
           | encoders.
           | 
           | But arguably it doesn't have to; many real-time applications
           | (e.g. surveillance cameras) have local bandwidth to spare
           | and/or don't care too highly about quality, and compatibility
           | with older viewing devices without re-encoding is a priority.
        
             | franga2000 wrote:
             | If compatibility is a priority and bandwidth isn't an
             | issue, MJPEG is still the way to go and is by far the most
             | common encoding I see in security cameras.
        
               | _flux wrote:
               | On the other hand you could get cool stuff from the video
               | encoding hardware, such as access to motion vectors on
               | the cheap: https://github.com/osmaa/pinymotion
               | 
               | I wonder though if the OpenGL ES3.1 compute could be used
               | for this purpose on it.
        
               | franga2000 wrote:
               | Oh wow, this is such a great hack!
        
               | garaetjjte wrote:
               | I think nobody used MJPEG in last 15 years.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Well, GP just shared that it's still widely used within
               | security cameras?
               | 
               | It's also the only compressed format supported by many
               | popular webcams, e.g. Logitech's C900 series ever since
               | they removed H.264.
               | 
               | Digital cinema projectors apparently also use it (well,
               | the JPEG2000 variant) exclusively since MPEG-2 was
               | deprecated:
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_Cinema_Package
        
             | its-summertime wrote:
             | If bandwidth ain't much of an issue, can just dump frames
             | to a separate device for encoding, aside, Can't imagine
             | someone using a pi 5 just for camera usage (aside from
             | projects needing cameras)
        
               | InsomniacL wrote:
               | I was hoping to use RPI5 as an NVR with image detection
               | for Home Automation.
               | 
               | The Frigate add-on with Home Assistant can publish events
               | based on image detection for automations and supports
               | RPI3 / RPI4 hardware acceleration.
               | 
               | https://docs.frigate.video/configuration/hardware_acceler
               | ati...
        
               | folmar wrote:
               | ESP32CAM might be good enough.
        
               | graphe wrote:
               | https://pipci.jeffgeerling.com honestly I'd get a home
               | server and run HA through docker, it's gotten me into
               | home servers.
        
               | lxgr wrote:
               | Maybe not only for cameras, but also for cameras. And
               | when doing other things simultaneously, a video encoder
               | not hogging all processing power becomes even more
               | important.
        
           | mytailorisrich wrote:
           | If it is a vanilla Broadcom Soc then die space is not really
           | their consideration or decision. But maybe it is customised
           | for RPi?
           | 
           | Can't find the datasheet for the BCM2712 right now.
        
             | gjsman-1000 wrote:
             | Well, to quote Gordon Hollingworth on the original post:
             | 
             | "In future we'll have to do something, but for Pi 5 we feel
             | the hardware encode is a mm^2 too far."
             | 
             | Also, Raspberry Pi Foundation and Broadcom have been really
             | working together on successors since the... BCM2787 in the
             | Raspberry Pi 3, if I remember correctly? Broadcom still
             | reserves the right to sell to anyone, but the Pi is still
             | the primary customer for those specific chips now.
        
           | fundatus wrote:
           | Last time I tried to encode a video from H.264 to HEVC (hw-
           | accelerated) on Linux it was such a pain to get to work that
           | I eventually gave up and simply accepted the performance hit.
           | I'm sorry, but I'm not gonna recompile ffmpeg so that it
           | works on my machine. Considering that most RPi-users probably
           | use a Linux-based OS this is IMHO a sensible decision.
        
             | Levitating wrote:
             | Well it's not that uncommon to use a version of ffmpeg with
             | more features enabled for a specific purpose. For instance
             | my jellyfin server uses jellyfin-ffmpeg[0] to do hardware
             | acceleration, even on my Pi.
             | 
             | [0]: https://github.com/jellyfin/jellyfin-ffmpeg
        
             | Y_Y wrote:
             | For hardware acceleration it's probably easier to use
             | gstreamer, depending on what device you are using to
             | decode. But then you have a whole new problem.
        
             | lxgr wrote:
             | The default ffmpeg I got from Raspberry Pi OS supports
             | hardware acceleration out of the box these days, as far as
             | I remember.
        
         | danogentili wrote:
         | The rk3588 and rk3588s (i.e. orange pi 5) both support hardware
         | H264/HEVC encoding @ 8k30fps, as well as hardware HEVC/VP9
         | decoding @ 8k60fps, H264 decoding @ 8k30fps, AV1 decoding @
         | 4k60fps.
        
           | smachiz wrote:
           | Aren't they like 4x the price too?
        
             | folmar wrote:
             | The boards are the same price, i. OrangePI 5 8GB costs same
             | as Raspberry 5 8GB. At least in EU.
        
               | francisduvivier wrote:
               | Yes, and there are more advantages to the Orange Pi 5
               | SBCs:
               | 
               | - They have full size HDMI - They have an m.2 connector -
               | They still have an audio jack - They have more powerful
               | performance cores - They have low performance cores -
               | They have a 6 TOPS NPU
               | 
               | On the other hand, that cheap base model has no built-in
               | wifi, but so you can add it in the m.2 slot.
               | 
               | For me, the Raspberry Pi 5 is quite disappointing. But
               | hey, the good thing is that maybe this will push more of
               | the community to the RK3588(S) based boards.
        
               | hajile wrote:
               | Orange Pi also has a bunch of extra features too
               | including some standout ones like
               | 
               | * don't need to spend extra $$ for M.1 SSD support
               | 
               | * full-size HDMI so no need for $10 dongle
               | 
               | * 6 TOPS NPU
               | 
               | * better Mali G610 MP4 GPU
               | 
               | * 8k60 output
               | 
               | * USB 3.1 port (10gb/s instead of just 5gb/s)
               | 
               | * 4x A55 cores
               | 
               | * Audio jack
        
               | imtringued wrote:
               | Nobody needs that GPU. Alyssa Rosenzweig stopped working
               | on the driver and got poached by Valve.
               | 
               | Also, real time encoding with VP8 (yes, that is the
               | standard for WebRTC) barely works. It has barely enough
               | CPU power to produce a working demo, but too little to
               | actually do anything with it.
        
               | speed_spread wrote:
               | > Nobody needs that GPU [..]
               | 
               | Can you expand on this? Is the hardware too slow, too
               | power hungry, or just badly supported? At least coming
               | from ARM there must be some hardware documentation on how
               | they work. I mean, it can't be worse than Broadcom's all-
               | proprietary GPUs.
        
               | Bud wrote:
               | Mini-HDMI doesn't require a dongle. Just get the right
               | cable. They're just as cheap as a normal HDMI cable.
        
               | slaw wrote:
               | Are any of Orange Pi boards mainlined?
        
               | megous wrote:
               | Yes.
        
             | xyzzy123 wrote:
             | opi5 16gb is about 130 usd, rpi5 is about 80 usd I think?
             | You get twice the cores and RAM so I think they're
             | comparable value. But it's sort of academic for me because
             | rpi5 8GB is not in stock in Australia.
        
         | cogman10 wrote:
         | Surprisingly, AV1 is easier to implement a decoder for than VP9
         | (by design). Some of the VP9 transforms were axed with AV1
         | purely to make the stream easier to decode.
         | 
         | Why AV1 hardware decoding has taken so long seems to be an
         | issue with hardware manufactures not wanting to support it.
         | HEVC and VVC seem to have more hardware support.
        
           | philistine wrote:
           | HEVC was built from the ground up to be implemented in
           | hardware to stem the tide of the open-source codecs and thus
           | keep the license money train running.
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | Well, at least the newest iPhone Pro models finally support
           | it! Apple seems to finally be coming around to the idea of
           | non-MPEG codecs.
           | 
           | > HEVC and VVC seem to have more hardware support.
           | 
           | Yes to HEVC, but which common SoC already supports VVC? AV1
           | hardware support seems to be much more widespread.
        
       | gjsman-1000 wrote:
       | I initially posted that the title did not match the content. The
       | title is true but here's another link to read:
       | 
       | https://www.raspberrypi.com/news/introducing-raspberry-pi-5/...
        
       | theragra wrote:
       | What about software encode, is it real time?
        
         | traverseda wrote:
         | It's really not a long post, if you wanted to read it.
        
         | tecleandor wrote:
         | They say it can encode 1080p60 (for the context, I guess it's
         | real time) using just one processor (again, I'm guessing he
         | means "one core"), and with a better quality than the RPi4
         | hardware encoder. They think it could be possible to encode 4K
         | at 24fps with some work, but they're not right now going for
         | that optimizations.
        
         | megous wrote:
         | Depends on the encoder settings. With high enough settings, it
         | will not be able to cope. So you're always trading compression
         | ratio for speed.
        
       | eurekin wrote:
       | Are there any external hardware encoders/decoders?
        
         | ehutch79 wrote:
         | From what I can tell, they mostly live in video cards at this
         | point.
         | 
         | There used to be an elgator capture card with some encoding, i
         | _think_/
        
         | ohthatsnotright wrote:
         | El Gato has one, it's really nice:
         | https://www.elgato.com/us/en/p/game-capture-4k60-pro
        
           | mbilker wrote:
           | That is a capture card and not an encoder card. It does not
           | feature any accelerated encoding and relies on the host
           | system to provide the video encoding, usually via a dedicated
           | or integrated GPU.
        
           | LoganDark wrote:
           | It also costs like five times the price of the Pi itself.
        
         | harlanji wrote:
         | I got a metal box with HDMI and an ethernet ports which encodes
         | the HDMI video + audio and serves/publishes H.264 RTMP/TS
         | segments. My intended use case was actually working with Pi's
         | on live streams, installing fresh systems and the like where
         | encoding might not be available anyway.
         | 
         | I couldn't find the one online but it looks like there are a
         | few out there. Side note/tangent, the Pi3 was powerful enough
         | to transcode 720p down to lower resolutions in real time.
        
         | lxgr wrote:
         | The quite popular Logitech C920 webcam used to natively support
         | H.264, but they dropped it in a model revision a while ago,
         | because "nearly every computer offered in the market features a
         | chipset that can efficiently encode high definition video at
         | 1080p" [1].
         | 
         | I've used that very camera (without the accelerator) on an RPi
         | 4 myself, and the only way to get acceptable quality was by
         | using the Pi's H.264 hardware encoder.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.logitech.com/en-us/video-
         | collaboration/resources...
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | Or... Does the SoC have support for such things, but there is no
       | software API yet, either because nobody has had time to write it,
       | or someone chose not to pay for the licenses?
        
         | olabyne wrote:
         | they are talking about "ditching a few mm2, so I guess it is a
         | lack of hardware
        
         | InsomniacL wrote:
         | From the linked comment, it appears it's not on the chip.
         | 
         | > "In future we'll have to do something, but for Pi 5 we feel
         | the hardware encode is a mm^2 too far."
         | 
         | My interpretation of this is they felt the benefit did not
         | outweigh the cons of the die space.
        
       | trebligdivad wrote:
       | I wonder how much the GPU and AI blocks can be used to acclerate
       | encoding; I'd assume quite a bit.
        
         | barbegal wrote:
         | Hardly at all, video decoding isn't parallelisable. It's often
         | lumped in with the GPU but it is significantly different.
        
           | ajb wrote:
           | The question is about encoding. It is significantly
           | parallelizable because you are doing a search for the best
           | encoding you can find. Also at a micro level there are things
           | like motion search for which vector ops are useful. So I
           | would say that it's likely they will look into that.
        
       | bhouston wrote:
       | Is the direct competition, like the Orange Pi 5 based on the
       | Rockchip RK3588S, differ at all in this regards?
       | 
       | I think that lack of choice in HW accelerated video
       | encoding/decoding may just be standard on low-end devices in part
       | to reduce costs.
        
         | danogentili wrote:
         | The rk3588 and rk3588s both support hardware H264/HEVC encoding
         | @ 8k30fps, as well as hardware HEVC/VP9 decoding @ 8k60fps,
         | H264 decoding @ 8k30fps, AV1 decoding @ 4k60fps.
        
         | MikusR wrote:
         | The other even cheaper boards even had AES acceleration for
         | years
        
       | synergy20 wrote:
       | Jetson Orin Nano, the new devkit from Nvidia, surprisingly does
       | not have a hardware video encoder either, you'll need use CPU to
       | encode video instead, which is extremely odd considering video-
       | encoding is a common use case on lots of video applications.
        
         | Y_Y wrote:
         | Wow, I was shocked to see that. They don't even bother using
         | CUDA cores to encode (less of an issue if you have unified
         | memory like in Jetsons). Anyway it seems you can get four 1080p
         | streams at 30fps encoded to h264 in CPU if you set it up right:
         | https://www.ridgerun.com/post/jetson-orin-nano-how-to-achiev...
        
           | synergy20 wrote:
           | yes but typically cpu is bad for video encoding, at least the
           | power consumption will be much worse than hw encoder.
        
         | Shorel wrote:
         | So no more Nvidia NVENC?
         | 
         | What will OBS do then?
         | 
         | https://www.nvidia.com/en-us/geforce/guides/broadcasting-gui...
        
           | paulmd wrote:
           | Only removed from the tegras, not the gaming cards.
           | 
           | But yeah if you were doing OBS streaming on your jetson, then
           | the newer hardware won't have NVENC. Normally I'd say "but
           | nobody is doing that" but someone (was) indeed doing exactly
           | that, lol.
           | 
           | https://blog.fosketts.net/2020/09/10/introducing-rabbit-i-
           | bo...
           | 
           | As mentioned it's probably a ton more relevant to embedded
           | and robotics/computer-vision use-cases, which NVIDIA is
           | really trying to push for (automotive etc). So it's still a
           | surprising change and will be a pain for some people.
        
         | andrewstuart wrote:
         | Nvidia removed the hardware encoding so you'd buy the more
         | expensive model.
        
       | Thaxll wrote:
       | It's kind of crazy to not have h264 decoded by hardware in 2023,
       | even if it's low on CPU usage nowdays, it's still by far the most
       | used codec.
        
         | judge2020 wrote:
         | h264 is the most available but probably not the most used.
         | Every streaming service today either seeds AV1, VP9, or HEVC
         | content first since it saves bandwidth[0] and every client from
         | the past 5 years supports one of these newer formats (phones,
         | GPUs, smart TVs, streaming boxes, etc).
         | 
         | 0: https://www.etcentric.org/netflix-switching-from-
         | vp9-codec-t...
        
           | lxgr wrote:
           | H.264 is effectively the MP3 of video today: It provides
           | neither the best quality, nor is it patent free (yet), but if
           | an SoC supports any hardware accleration at all, H.264 is
           | usually on the list.
           | 
           | Applications/services that can afford the overhead of
           | multiple format encoding will do so, but it's not always an
           | option.
        
           | Avamander wrote:
           | Most devices can indeed most likely handle software decode of
           | more common resolutions, codecs and bitrates. But I'd really
           | hope they'd pick the one that won't suck up all the battery,
           | so H264. This line of thought is supported by the fact that
           | YouTube still provides an H264 option with most if not all
           | videos.
           | 
           | With higher bitrate things, HEVC seems to grow in popularity
           | but even software decode support is not everywhere. Netflix
           | for example requires the installation of HEVC support on
           | Windows to play 4K content.
           | 
           | Actually hardware-accelerated video decode is even spottier
           | and more unreliable across most platforms. The JS API for
           | codec support (canPlayType) literally returns "maybe" and
           | "probably". It's quite bad.
           | 
           | So far the best compatibility I've seen has been Edge with
           | flags on Windows (MPEG-2, H264, HEVC, AV1, VP8, VP9 with most
           | also supporting accelerated encode). It still fails with some
           | content (Dolby Vision P5 colors are incorrect, HEVC Rext
           | doesn't play - more info about HEVC is available here
           | https://github.com/StaZhu/enable-chromium-hevc-hardware-
           | deco...). Chrome on macOS is a close second in terms of codec
           | support.
           | 
           | The worst in terms of HW acceleration being all the browsers
           | on desktop Linux-s, few and fragile combinations that offer
           | limited and janky support. But it's slowly improving. This
           | combined with the not-the-latest hardware many use, means
           | things like VP9 or AV1 tend to stutter.
           | 
           | I'd love to see some more generic stats, but considering the
           | APIs aren't sufficient to determine actual support, these
           | might be difficult to gather.
           | 
           | But all things considered, I heavily doubt dropping H264 HW
           | decode support was a good idea considering how often its
           | still used.
        
           | Thaxll wrote:
           | It is the most used by far.
        
             | overstay8930 wrote:
             | The largest VOD services stopped using H.264 in any
             | meaningful way or only as a last resort, bandwidth is just
             | too expensive to justify using it. Even phones in third
             | world countries include VP9 and HEVC hw decode, it's rare
             | to run into someone who can only play H.264 unless you are
             | walking in sub-Saharan Africa.
        
               | adamomada wrote:
               | If you look at the scene (aka piracy) every rip from
               | every service is in AVC for FHD or HEVC for UHD. I know
               | you mentioned last resort but the only legit streaming
               | service I have at the moment is Apple TV+ and on fire
               | tv's at least they are sending h264
               | 
               | I'm also in iptvland and every rip from every live
               | service is in h264 as well, with rare UHD feeds using
               | h265 with HLG for HDR
               | 
               | (For clarification, rip means the exact bits sent from
               | the service with no reencoding, just stripping drm)
        
         | supertrope wrote:
         | It's to save the license fee. A76 cores are fast enough to
         | brute force H.264.
        
           | wargames wrote:
           | True, but hardware support does wonders for power
           | consumption. I'm blown away that I can watch 3 hours of h264
           | content on my flights and only 5% of my iPad battery is used.
           | i.e. more factors to consider than simply whether it
           | can/can't with brute force.
        
             | rdsubhas wrote:
             | > I'm blown away that I can watch 3 hours of h264 content
             | on my flights and only 5% of my iPad battery is used.
             | 
             | That sounds wild. Apple says iPad is rated for up to 10
             | hours of video playback [1]. The display alone should
             | consume more than that.
             | 
             | 1: https://www.apple.com/ipad-pro/specs/
        
           | megous wrote:
           | That depends on resolution and other factors.
        
       | RetroTechie wrote:
       | Gordon Hollingworth:
       | 
       |  _" In future we'll have to do something, but for Pi 5 we feel
       | the hardware encode is a mm^2 too far."_
       | 
       | Sounds reasonable, given a fast cpu & less-than optimal hw-
       | accelerated encoding options. As for that "something", maybe:
       | 
       | 1) Drop hw-accelerated encoding _and decoding_ entirely, and use
       | the freed up silicon for much beefier cpus (like ones including
       | -bigger- vector units, more cores etc. Cortex X?). That would be
       | useful for _any_ cpu heavy applications.
       | 
       | 2) Include hw encoder for a common (1), relatively 'heavy' codec.
       | And hw decoder for same + maybe others.
       | 
       | 3) Only include decoder(s?), like they seem to have done for
       | RPi5.
       | 
       | 4) Include some kind of flexible compute fabric that can be
       | _configured_ to do the heavy lifting for popular video codecs.
       | 
       | Combined with:
       | 
       | 5) Move to newer silicon node to obtain higher efficiency or
       | transistor budget.
       | 
       | Whatever route a future RPi would go, imho hw-accelerated
       | decoding is much more useful than _en_ coding.
        
         | ksec wrote:
         | HW-Decoding uses less mm2 than encoding, provides biggest power
         | saving and benefits to user, all while being cheaper on
         | patents.
        
           | sleepybrett wrote:
           | ... only if the user is decoding video.
        
             | belthesar wrote:
             | It's fair to say that not all Pi users are decoding video,
             | but with the number of projects doing some sort of video-
             | related workloads, with Pi's processing camera footage and
             | doing CV work and people using Pi's as low power
             | workstations as just two examples, it's reasonable that
             | folks that had historically used Raspberry Pi compute units
             | for video are disappointed to hear that they're now pushing
             | a lot of CPU power to perform video decode and encode.
        
             | smarx007 wrote:
             | Which is... everyone who has ever opened a YouTube link?
             | Though might make sense to not include it in the Zero
             | series.
        
       | swayvil wrote:
       | Will it do as a desktop system? What do you think?
        
         | lannisterstark wrote:
         | Why not just get an HP Prodesk or dell optiplex or hp elite
         | desk or whatever Lenovo? 6th/7th gen Intel CPU models are all
         | cheaper than this.
        
       | aag01 wrote:
       | "In future we'll have to do something, but for Pi 5 we feel the
       | hardware encode is a mm^2 too far."
       | 
       | is corporate speech for "broadcom decided not to let us use their
       | video IP cores for low cost/no cost any longer"
        
         | jandrese wrote:
         | It is a bit frustrating how married the Raspberry Pi foundation
         | is to a company that couldn't care less if they live or die.
         | Broadcom has always been at best indifferent and at worst
         | hostile to the open source community.
        
           | cogman10 wrote:
           | There's not really an alternative.
           | 
           | Broadcom is one of the few options out there for ARM SoC. Rpi
           | could dump a bunch of money into making their own SoC, but
           | that would really ballon the costs.
        
             | aag01 wrote:
             | They should partner with qualcomm, not broadcom.
             | 
             | Too bad it's because of the former broadcom employees
             | within the foundation.
        
               | NewJazz wrote:
               | They should produce boards from multiple vendors' SoCs.
        
               | cogman10 wrote:
               | You generally get bulk discounts. The more vendors you
               | have, the more expensive each is.
        
               | NewJazz wrote:
               | For different SoCs? You would just choose one vendor per
               | device generation (but always evaluating multiple). It is
               | a new order anyways.
        
               | bmicraft wrote:
               | Also think of the added development expenses, which might
               | even overshadow forgone bulk discounts
        
               | foobiekr wrote:
               | This doesn't work in practice since your costs scale with
               | vendor count and theirs don't.
               | 
               | In reality being a single big customer for one vendor is
               | far more influential than being a small one with other
               | options.
        
               | NewJazz wrote:
               | _In reality being a single big customer for one vendor is
               | far more influential than being a small one with other
               | options._
               | 
               | In what world? the one where firms don't compete?
               | 
               | If other firms are explicitly on the table for the
               | currently negotiated and next generation RPi, Broadcom
               | will have more incentive to meet the RPi Foundation's
               | specific needs. If Broadcom knows that RPi is not talking
               | to other vendors, then their negotiating position is
               | stronger.
        
               | foobiekr wrote:
               | Qualcomm is the single worst company to work with. They
               | try to negotiate % of revenue deals instead of cost-per-
               | unit deals and they make Broadcom look like Stallman-
               | level open source fanatics.
        
               | bananapub wrote:
               | > They should partner with qualcomm, not broadcom.
               | 
               | lol, are you unaware of how qualcomm treats all of it's
               | customers, including megacorps?
        
             | jandrese wrote:
             | They couldn't use Rockchip or Allwinner or Texas
             | Instruments chips? Sure there is some work they would have
             | to do all over again getting the drivers working and
             | reliable, but in the long run the partnership could be far
             | better for the company.
        
           | burnte wrote:
           | It's highly likely they have a sweetheart deal with Broadcom
           | in exchange for loyalty.
        
         | pavon wrote:
         | Yes, for context the Pi 1-4 all had H264 hardware
         | encoder/decoder support, which could comfortable encode at
         | least 720p @ 30Hz in realtime. The die space argument makes
         | sense for why they don't have AV1/HEVC encoding, but it does
         | not explain why H264 was dropped. The fact that the CPU is now
         | powerful enough to encode H264 at better quality and frame
         | rates than the old hardware encoder is a better argument, but
         | still a step backwards for folks who need lower power
         | consumption or need the CPU for other things, and doesn't
         | explain why the hardware support needed to be dropped. It
         | really does sound like something else (like licensing) drove
         | the decision, and this is a post-facto attempt to sell/justify
         | that decision.
        
           | philistine wrote:
           | Encode is always a bit messier; perhaps you need a tool which
           | is not GPU aware, maybe your needs go beyond what the encoder
           | can do.
           | 
           | But dropping the hardware h.264 _decoder_ is a horrible thing
           | to do. H.264 might as well be the lingua franca of online
           | videos. Think of all the kids in classrooms loading videos on
           | Youtube now constantly hammering the CPU for decode. It 's
           | such a weird decision that it can only be caused by business
           | issues.
        
             | bmicraft wrote:
             | Youtube today is mostly vp9 anyway, if you don't use the
             | h246ify extension which limits you on resolution/framerate
             | anyway on many videos
        
               | Cyberdog wrote:
               | Even on mobile? I sincerely hope when I play a YouTube
               | video on my iPhone it's using the built-in decoder
               | hardware rather than churning through what may as well be
               | Google's proprietary codec on the CPU but I guess I have
               | no way of knowing.
        
           | moffkalast wrote:
           | Well presumably h264/AVC is still there? The lack of HEVC
           | just means it doesn't have an h265 encoder.
        
         | deltasepsilon wrote:
         | Are you saying the hardware actually has encode on die but was
         | "fused" off?
         | 
         | If so, Raspberry Pi has an organizational culture of outright
         | lying, as opposed to simply speaking plainly. I know this is
         | not Eben Upton speaking, but I've found him many times in the
         | past being either evasive with the truth, or simply lying. It's
         | one thing to not step of the toes of partners, or to not
         | Osborne a product by suggesting a successor is nearing, but to
         | be outright dishonest. Yuck.
         | 
         | This is very, very disappointing.
        
           | mastax wrote:
           | > Are you saying the hardware actually has encode on die but
           | was "fused" off?
           | 
           | I don't think that is what they are saying, and I haven't
           | seen any evidence of that. It makes the most sense to me that
           | either (as GP said) they got rid of the H264 hardware to save
           | on paying Broadcom for the rights to include that hardware
           | block in the chip, or to save on the die area they take up
           | (as RPi said), or both.
        
       | firebat45 wrote:
       | I really wish they would stop making newer, faster, more
       | expensive Pi's and just focus on making the existing Pi's cheaper
       | and more available. Out of the dozen or so RPi's I have, not a
       | single one is even connected to a monitor. I don't need dual 4k
       | HDMI ports. I'd love a widely available and in-stock $20 Pi. It's
       | like they've forgotten what the RPi is all about.
        
         | starik36 wrote:
         | That's what the RPi Zero 2 is all about. They are $15 and work
         | great.
        
           | CodeWriter23 wrote:
           | Can't speak for GP but I want a $20 device with a wired
           | Ethernet port. I'm using pis where they need to reliably
           | communicate in real time.
        
             | carlos_rpn wrote:
             | Check the Banana Pis if you haven't already. Most of them
             | have it. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banana_Pi
        
             | Blackthorn wrote:
             | This is accidentally a fantastic example of the issues with
             | the original commenter's train of thought. Not everyone
             | needs every single feature, but every single feature is
             | needed individually by someone.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | yeah, with how many "maker" things have emerged around
               | RPi, it's a bit of a dickpunch to be removing features
               | that a nontrivial portion of the user base are building
               | projects/products around.
               | 
               | Hopefully we have gotten past the "RPi is for education,
               | not makers!" thing, there is really zero traction on big
               | computer labs full of raspberry pis. even insofar as it's
               | used in education it's still used for _maker_ tasks,
               | people building robots with computer vision or whatever,
               | and some of those use-cases need the encoder too.
               | 
               | RPi has always been a somewhat incoherent product that
               | survived _because_ it was a below-average solution to any
               | problem, the jack-of-all-trades for $45 (plus another
               | $100 of accessories). If it doesn 't have video encode,
               | why would I want this for plex instead of a NUC clone?
               | why would I buy this instead of a big AVR32/STM32
               | microcontroller for building a robot? Why would I want
               | this instead of a Bus Pirate for GPIO? Why would I want
               | to use this as a mini-desktop if I can't even do a Teams
               | call on it? Etc etc. It's barely an adequate product even
               | with all the legacy feature set there, if you start
               | pulling pieces off then competing products become even
               | more compelling for many use-cases.
               | 
               | Reality is they will probably be fine because of the name
               | recognition and brand but it's not good management
               | either.
               | 
               | I'd love to see real numbers but just like with the RX
               | 6500XT I just can't imagine the encoder is _that_ big. We
               | are talking about pennies more per die, and likely this
               | will cost them more in total sales than the pennies
               | represent in the total product cost - you are saving 0.1%
               | of the MSRP and losing 5-10% of potential addressable
               | market. Literally would just be better for them to eat
               | the cost, almost certainly.
               | 
               | And you are correct that while nobody uses all the
               | features, everybody uses some of them.
               | 
               | I frankly do not understand the decision to depart from
               | mainstream SOC configurations here - which obviously
               | would have an encoder.
        
               | Blackthorn wrote:
               | > RPi has always been a somewhat incoherent product that
               | survived because it was a below-average solution to any
               | problem, the jack-of-all-trades for $45 (plus another
               | $100 of accessories).
               | 
               | In addition to what you wrote: it also has a really good
               | software story. Everybody's got a build for raspberry pi.
               | Something like an odroid or banana pi or whatever has a
               | much more "gotta handle all the builds yourself" path.
               | The power of being the standard, I suppose.
        
               | justin66 wrote:
               | > Why would I want to use this as a mini-desktop if I
               | can't even do a Teams call on it?
               | 
               | You can do a Teams call on it (with prerelease software).
               | See two Pis conferencing that way here (call was slightly
               | glitchy until one guy on the call figured out he needed
               | to switch from his crappy wifi to a wired connection):
               | 
               | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35_5wRKi_TI&t=415s
               | 
               | I don't get why anyone who wants to use it as a mini-
               | desktop views the encoder situation as a deal breaker
               | (from the linked comments):
               | 
               |  _it only takes around 1 processor to encode 1080p60 with
               | our default settings (which is still better quality than
               | the PI 4 hardware encoder)_
        
             | wkat4242 wrote:
             | You can add it over USB (even with hub) for a few $$. Which
             | is exactly how it's wired on the pi anyway until the 4.
        
             | starik36 wrote:
             | I am using a Micro USB to Ethernet adapter on the original
             | Zero that didn't have wireless. It's been working for years
             | with no issues at all. That's "almost" wired.
        
             | sleepybrett wrote:
             | here is a 6 dollar expansion w/ ethernet for the pi zero2
        
             | alpaca128 wrote:
             | It's more than $20 for everything but you can buy extension
             | PCBs that more or less turn the Pi Zero 2W into a full-size
             | Raspberry Pi with USB-A and Ethernet ports, also making it
             | compatible with some full-size Pi cases.
        
             | ThatPlayer wrote:
             | There's the Raspberry Pi 3A+ that's 25$. One of my
             | favorites that's less popular
        
             | Kikawala wrote:
             | Look at the Radxa Zero 3E, it may fit your needs.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | I have found that a good chunk of random opensource projects
           | won't run on the zero 2. The ARM core is ARM7 and doesn't
           | support modern instructions, so plenty of software just
           | immediately dies with 'Illefal Instruction'.
           | 
           | Also, it's 32 bit, and a lot of software is starting to
           | depend on the massive address spaces offered by 64 bit.
           | 
           | And there is no high ram model. Some stuff just gobbles so
           | much ram that 512M isn't practical.
        
             | ripley12 wrote:
             | The Zero 2 W has a 64-bit Cortex-A53 (ARM8).
        
             | repiret wrote:
             | Armv7. Arm7 is a much older core.
        
             | Aerbil313 wrote:
             | My Pi Zero 2W is running 64 bit Raspbian and reports
             | aarch64 (Armv8).
        
             | bmicraft wrote:
             | The Zero 2W has literally the same cpu as the Pi 3
        
         | weberer wrote:
         | Here you go. Its $10 at Microcenter
         | 
         | https://www.microcenter.com/product/486575/Zero_W
        
           | lannisterstark wrote:
           | Not everyone lives near a microcenter though. The pi zero
           | W/2W comes out to like , $15+ ship + taxes and is more like
           | $24.
        
             | bmurphy1976 wrote:
             | I've been trying to get two Zero W 2s for almost two years
             | now without getting ripped off by somebody on the second
             | hand market. They are still nearly impossible to find for
             | the advertised price. :(
        
               | nmjohn wrote:
               | While that certainly has been true for the majority of
               | the last two years - rpi's in pretty much all skus have
               | been back in stock for a few months now - to the point
               | that even digikey has many of the skus in bulk stock
               | 
               | See: https://rpilocator.com/
               | 
               | As for Zero W 2s: In stock right now:
               | https://chicagodist.com/products/raspberry-pi-zero-2
        
               | bmurphy1976 wrote:
               | Oh, thanks! I've been watching that religiously and while
               | you are correct the other Pi's have been available for a
               | couple months now, the 2Ws have been absent. I haven't
               | checked in a couple weeks now, I'm happy to see they are
               | finally in stock!
               | 
               | Edit: it's a bit premature. _Only_ Chicago Distributors
               | have them in stock at the moment and they are limiting
               | the orders to 1, which is frustrating because I only need
               | 2.
        
               | dheera wrote:
               | Let's all keep reporting them for price gouging until
               | they get put out of business. Things that could be put to
               | use should not be sitting in a warehouse.
        
               | older wrote:
               | You can follow this account on Mastodon to get stock
               | alerts: https://mastodon.social/@rpilocator
        
               | gambiting wrote:
               | Eh? Most UK retailers have it at RRP:
               | 
               | https://thepihut.com/products/raspberry-pi-zero-2
        
             | georgeecollins wrote:
             | Having grown up in a world where 8 bit computers with 4-16k
             | ram (and no storage) cost the equivalent of $1000,
             | inflation adjusted, this seems like an almost insane
             | complaint. Hardware is so cheap now compared to software
             | which is still very expensive to produce. A person could
             | spend less than a $100 on a computer and make that money
             | back very quickly doing various digital tasks on fiverr.
        
               | lannisterstark wrote:
               | >make that money back very quickly doing various digital
               | tasks on fiverr.
               | 
               | >an almost insane complaint
               | 
               | That's not the complaint. Not everything is a "I can make
               | x money back" preposition. The complaint is "A $10 item
               | is costing me $25." It's costing me 2.5x the price it
               | should be. Maybe you should see it from that POV.
               | 
               | You can also keep going on about kids starving right this
               | instant while I complain about 2.5x price difference, it
               | doesn't change a thing. a $10 pi zero 2 w still costs
               | $25, if not more given it's almost never in stock and
               | runs out so quickly.
               | 
               | >Having grown up in a world where 8 bit computers with
               | 4-16k ram (and no storage) cost the equivalent of $1000
               | 
               | That doesn't mean much though, does it? I'm not comparing
               | today's costs to back when you grew up. Nor am I saying
               | today's costs costs are worse than when you grew up. If I
               | was, you'd be right. I am not. I am just complaining
               | about the price I have to pay due to
               | scalping/availability vs price something is advertised at
               | usually.
               | 
               | ----
               | 
               | That being said, I understand why shipping exists, but $5
               | overcharge for sake of it plus $7 to ship something this
               | tiny is a bit iffy. They literally just pack it in a soft
               | wrap and throw it in an envelope.
        
               | ska wrote:
               | I think GP's point was that it's incredibly cheap at $25
               | or at $10, enough so that for hobby uses it shouldn't
               | really matter unless you are the type of person who just
               | can't get past "I'm getting ripped off $10".
               | 
               | They are basically right, although I guess you should add
               | "in much of the world".
        
           | cornstalks wrote:
           | > _11+ at $999.99 each_
           | 
           | Wow...
        
             | nkozyra wrote:
             | To discourage the hoarding that happened (although less-so
             | with the Zero) in the last two years.
             | 
             | At least they're willing to take your money, a lot of shops
             | had hard caps.
        
             | aleph_minus_one wrote:
             | > > 11+ at $999.99 each
             | 
             | > Wow...
             | 
             | Prices should better be sub-additive, since otherwise
             | market arbitrage opportunities appear (in this case: to get
             | more than 10: buy 10, and find some friends who also buy
             | 10).
             | 
             | If such an irrational pricing appears, it is a sign of
             | market failure; in this case: if the demand is higher than
             | the demand, prices have to increase until for the given
             | pricing level supply=demand. This is how markets self-
             | calibrate.
        
         | bmurphy1976 wrote:
         | I wish they took performance more seriously. I migrated a bunch
         | of my stuff off of a Pi 4 to an Intel N100 NUC because the Pi 4
         | just didn't cut it. I have a bunch of other use cases as well
         | that have struggled with the Pi 4s and competing RK3588 based
         | systems look compelling.
         | 
         | Point is, your use case doesn't match my use case. I hope they
         | continue to make things more performant AND cost effective.
        
           | wkat4242 wrote:
           | An intel N100 NUC is just a really good low power server
           | platform and it will always be better for that than a pi.
           | 
           | The pi was never meant to be a server.
        
             | bmurphy1976 wrote:
             | Of course, but if you are trying to do something which
             | requires GPIO or want to build on top of Rapsberry Pi's
             | other functionality (i.e. the cameras) your options are
             | more limited.
        
             | tambourine_man wrote:
             | I never understand why people compare the Pi with NUCs. The
             | latter is an order of magnitude more expansive (new, it's
             | hard to consider used stuff for serious work), has no GPIO
             | built in, consumes way more power...
             | 
             | It's in a whole other category.
        
               | michaelt wrote:
               | Some people want to make a DIY equivalent of a Synology
               | NAS - something to make backups to, and maybe some other
               | light serving tasks. They don't need the GPIO, and
               | they're not attentive enough to their power bill to
               | appreciate the difference between a device drawing $3 a
               | month and a device drawing $0.30 per month. They know
               | many of Synology's products use Arm CPUs.
               | 
               | Later they find themselves saying hmm, it sure would be
               | nice to have real SATA ports. Maybe a shared power supply
               | for the drives and the CPU. It'd be nice to have enough
               | IO and CPU to be able to saturate a gigabit link with
               | encryption turned on. Oh, and a nice case with an active
               | cooling solution built in.
               | 
               | Suddenly, a retired compact PC starts to look like strong
               | competition.
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | If you use the Pi as a server it's not an order of
               | magnitude cheaper than a cheap NUC. An N100 "NUC" like a
               | Beelink S12 costs $150 _including_ 16GB of RAM and 256GB
               | NVMe storage! They are really ridiculously cheap. And
               | really low powered.
               | 
               | If you want to use a pi as a server you won't get away
               | with a slow microSD that kills itself every year, you'll
               | need to add a real SSD (USB or now finally PCIe with the
               | 5), decent cooling and power and a case. You will be at
               | that $150 easily and you won't even have 16GB RAM.
               | 
               | I used to mess with little pi servers all over the place
               | too yes. But this was in the days that PCs were power
               | hogs. There's better options now.
        
               | bmicraft wrote:
               | > If you want to use a pi as a server you won't get away
               | with a slow microSD that kills itself every year
               | 
               | That's not true at all. Pick one rated for the workload,
               | eg A2 ("application" rating, optimized for random io)
               | which can be had for < 15usd and you're not gonna run
               | into issues.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | > If you use the Pi as a server it's not an order of
               | magnitude cheaper than a cheap NUC
               | 
               | I use my $15 RPi Zero as a git server[1], and it is
               | literally an order of a magnitude cheaper at _current_
               | prices. I bought the one I have for $5 (it was a promo,
               | but still. That 's how cheap Raspberry Pi's can get).
               | 
               | > If you want to use a pi as a server you won't get away
               | with a slow microSD that kills itself every year, you'll
               | need to add a real SSD
               | 
               | You'll need a good power supply if your Pi is destroying
               | your SD cards. I lost a few before I wised up, and it's
               | been _years_ aince I replaced the SD card
               | 
               | 1. Also hosts wireguard, has a bunch of webcrawlers and
               | coordinates secondary backups between NAS and the cloud.
               | It may not host docker containers, but the Pi is solidly
               | in the "server" category for me, while consuming less
               | than 1 Watt.
        
               | nirav72 wrote:
               | the NUC is a bad example. Plenty of used mini-PCs in
               | secondary markets that can be had for sub-$100-150 price
               | range with 7th-8th gen i5 or i7 CPUs. More I/O options
               | than a raspberry Pi and beats a Raspberry Pi many many
               | times over in performance. Including onboard media
               | transcoding via QuickSync. By the time you add a power
               | supply, SD card or add-on board for a nvme m.2 drive the
               | price of the Raspberry Pi is going to be same as what a
               | mini-PC with more hardware options and performance is
               | going to cost.
               | 
               | Regarding lack of GPIO - if you're going to use it for a
               | server, then not sure why GPIO is even needed. But if you
               | need GPIO for hardware interfacing, then plenty of much
               | cheaper boards out there than the raspberry Pi. Such as
               | the dozens of different types of ESP32 boards.
               | 
               | As for power draw - yes, a mini-pc will definitely draw
               | more power. I guess it depends on electricity cost at
               | your specific location. I'm currently running about 25
               | containers on a HP elitedesk G2 with a Intel i5. On
               | average it draws about 15-20 watts. It can go high as 40
               | watts when I'm streaming something from Jellyfin that
               | requires real-time transcoding.
        
               | devit wrote:
               | If you need GPIO you can just get an USB GPIO interface
               | like the one at https://www.adafruit.com/product/2264
        
               | wkat4242 wrote:
               | Yeah I didn't mean a NUC from Intel (who have just
               | stopped making them anyway). I meant the Beelink kind of
               | mini-PC or indeed some used systems which is exactly what
               | I use, and generalised them under the term NUC. That was
               | not very clear.
        
               | brnt wrote:
               | I can see Nuc (like?) devices for around 100EUR, while a
               | Pi costs me roughly the same.
        
         | 015a wrote:
         | Their mass production of the Pi keyboard should clue you into
         | at least one direction that _they_ believe  "the Pi is all
         | about"; education, and increasing access to modern computing
         | hardware. Enhancing the performance envelope and connecting to
         | a monitor do, to me, seem like worthy steps toward that end.
         | 
         | Everyone uses general purpose computers differently. I feel
         | your statement "they've forgotten what the RPi is all about"
         | isn't just ignorant; its hurtful. Maybe their direction isn't
         | parallel with what you want out of the products they make, but
         | you should at least have the empathy to recognize that you
         | aren't the main character in this play.
        
           | Teever wrote:
           | While I admit that I am a bit envious of the large 4k
           | monitors that my coworkers use, I have managed to make it
           | through life without buying anything larger than a 1440p
           | monitor.
           | 
           | What exactly is the educational advantage (for the
           | demographic that the raspberry pi is supposed to be
           | educating) of the inclusion of 2x 4k ports and does that
           | advantage override the opportunity cost of including the
           | ports?
           | 
           | In other words '1080p ought to be enough for anybody learning
           | how computers work from an SBC.
        
             | dual_dingo wrote:
             | Raspberry Pi is many things today. The foundation is indeed
             | focused on education, but the company behind it has a much
             | broader focus and sells many (most?) of their devices to
             | commercial customers, where 2x4k outputs might be
             | beneficial, e.g. in digital signage applications.
        
             | philistine wrote:
             | Honestly, I'm just spitballing here, but it's not like the
             | Raspberry foundation is making its own silicon. They're
             | using what exists. It's probably a simple case of the
             | chipset they chose supporting it, so might as well include
             | it.
        
               | stefan_ wrote:
               | They are making their own silicon (see the RP1 at [1])
               | and obviously have very significant input as to what
               | Broadcom puts into the main SoC, a chip that is primarily
               | now made for RPi needs.
               | 
               | 1: https://www.raspberrypi.com/products/raspberry-pi-5/
        
               | ClumsyPilot wrote:
               | Rp1 doesn't deal with video, and having two displays is
               | very reasonable for all kinds of things, including
               | display kiosks, points of sale, etc Even for a robot.
               | They don't need to be 4k, it I guess that's just normal
               | these days
        
               | Xelynega wrote:
               | I could be wrong, but iirc the HDMI they use and full
               | size HDMI are pin compatible. It's likely they just chose
               | the smaller connector so they can break both out and have
               | a smaller board footprint(as opposed to having a larger
               | board or only providing a connector for one HDMI port)
        
           | narrator wrote:
           | You can get $60 android tablets brand new on Amazon that
           | don't need a monitor, keyboard and mouse and can use the vast
           | amount of education apps in the play store.
        
             | victorbjorklund wrote:
             | The education part is tinkering with hardware and linux.
        
               | Xelynega wrote:
               | IMO arch or similar is going to do more towards teaching
               | Linux than raspian will. Just install that on a cheap
               | laptop/phone and play around with different apps/configs.
               | 
               | For hardware learning pis arent even that great, an
               | stm32, Arduino , or esp32 is a fraction of the cost(so
               | you don't have to worry about burning the io pins out as
               | much) and the toolchain is basically the same(simpler I'd
               | argue even)
        
             | passivegains wrote:
             | Yeah, but devices aren't very useful for education if the
             | students can't type on them.
        
             | borisgolovnev wrote:
             | I got a pretty decent chromebook on eBay for 70 euros. With
             | pretty good display, keyboard, touchpad, touchscreen, 8Gb
             | of RAM and a battery. Runs linux great. Apparently
             | chromebooks dominate education market nowadays, very
             | inexpensive and arguably more useful than a Raspberry pi.
        
           | sleepybrett wrote:
           | Agreed.
           | 
           | Their little 'breadbox' pi4* certainly points in that
           | direction very heavily.
           | 
           | Their cheaper 'embedded' version (the zero series, and the
           | pico) is doing what this guy wants.
           | 
           | * https://vilros.com/products/raspberry-
           | pi-400-vilros?variant=...
        
             | ornornor wrote:
             | If you can get one, which was (still is?) impossible pretty
             | much ever since it came out.
        
           | alpaca128 wrote:
           | How are two niche ports requiring adapters more accessible
           | than one full-size HDMI port? Are two ports on such
           | constrained hardware really worth it? If my adapter cable
           | breaks (which already happened) I have to order a new one and
           | can't use the device while sitting on a pile of unused but
           | unsupported HDMI cables. Meanwhile iirc it took until after
           | the launch of the Pi 4 to get USB boot support without first
           | flashing and booting a microSD card, another piece of
           | hardware not known for its longevity.
           | 
           | The RPi project is amazing and I'm glad it exists, but some
           | decisions are just weird considering their goals. Though to
           | be fair the RPi 4 & 5 improved the situation significantly.
        
             | hadlock wrote:
             | The weird niche port for video is the #1 reason I stopped
             | using raspberry pi. I have one adapter, somewhere, but I'll
             | be damned if I can find it in less than an hour. It's at
             | the bottom of some bag or drawer of infrequently used
             | adapters
        
             | ShadowBanThis01 wrote:
             | Amen. Micro-HDMI is trash and should NEVER be used, because
             | it will break promptly... especially on a dinky device that
             | moves and shifts a lot.
             | 
             | If a full-sized HDMI port is somehow too big (which it
             | isn't on the regular-sized Pi, and definitely not on the
             | 400), they should just use USB-C ports with DisplayPort
             | capability. I'd rather use a DP-to-HDMI adapter (which is
             | cheap and effective) than a shitty micro-HDMI port.
        
           | stonogo wrote:
           | Famously the devices have been difficult to acquire because
           | RPi was putting all their manufacturing output into
           | fulfilling commercial market needs (1,2,3). Filling a market
           | need -- well-specced hardware with long support horizons --
           | is perfectly fine, but Upton et al. have made it very clear
           | that this is the priority and pretending otherwise is weird.
           | Mass producing generic USB keyboards in corporate livery does
           | not meaningfully communicate corporate ethics here.
           | 
           | Meanwhile, most of the competition focuses on beating the Pi
           | on specs, availability, or price -- and none of them seem to
           | have noticed that long support life as being the
           | differentiator which leads to business adoption of the Pi
           | hardware. So I suspect the status quo will persist for the
           | foreseeable future.
           | 
           | 1 - https://www.jeffgeerling.com/blog/2022/you-cant-buy-
           | raspberr... 2 - https://www.elecrow.com/blog/why-is-it-so-
           | hard-to-buy-raspbe... 3 -
           | https://www.tomshardware.com/news/raspberry-pi-ceo-eben-
           | upto...
        
           | walterbell wrote:
           | _> direction that they believe_
           | 
           | Fortunately we don't need belief, since the foundation has
           | years of volume-based sales data on market segments, e.g. for
           | the last two years they have prioritized industrial business
           | users over education, during supply chain shortages.
           | 
           | Is there a published market segment breakdown for each
           | generation of RPi?
        
           | Xelynega wrote:
           | Their existing contracts and focus should clue you more into
           | their desired direction than an accessory that they can
           | produce for consumers that is tangentially related to
           | raspberry pis.
           | 
           | The pi foundations focus(be it intentional or just out of a
           | desire to stay open) has been to have prototypes created with
           | raspberry pis that go into production without replacing the
           | raspberry Pi so that device manufacturers are locked into
           | large long-term contracts.
           | 
           | The inability for consumers to find devices available and the
           | odd io choices(IoT video devices like kiosks would benefit
           | from the double ports rather than a single full size HDMI)
           | are IMO the intention of the pi foundation. Their focus is on
           | generating contracts and fulfilling them, consumer devices
           | are secondary.
           | 
           | That's to say they've "forgotten what the pi is about"
           | insofar as they've made choices to grow the business/contract
           | side of the pi foundation more than the education and
           | consumer availability
        
             | ghostly_s wrote:
             | It's odd then that a single alternative hasn't risen to
             | prominence to serve their original hobbyist market. There
             | are millions of clones out there of course but any with a
             | trusted brand name and support behind them?
        
               | Paul-Craft wrote:
               | I don't know about you, but if one of those clone
               | manufacturers made it as simple to install Linux on their
               | machine and have it not be an utter pain in the ass, that
               | would go a long way toward me wanting to trust them.
               | 
               | The problem with the clones, and with clones in general,
               | is that they're never _quite_ 100% compatible. There 's
               | always some sharp edge there to cut yourself on. Fix
               | that, and I'll definitely try a non-Raspberry Pi SoC.
        
               | spamizbad wrote:
               | The biggest problem all the Pi-like devices seem to
               | suffer from is poor software and driver support. The only
               | exception seems to be the ones Intel made.
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | People are both complaining about cost and then
               | complaining that the RPi foundation subsidized the cost
               | of the RPis in order to prevent a viable competitor from
               | emerging.
               | 
               | Beaglebone Blacks have existed and been _in stock_
               | through the entire RPi fiasco. They are almost completely
               | documented unlike the RPis. The boards have _full
               | schematics_ unlike the RPis. You can _buy the main SoC_
               | unlike the RPis. The boards have lots more IO and some
               | really nice real-time units. You can get the
               | documentation from TI without an NDA. And the BBB even
               | has eMMC so that it isn 't dependent upon horrifically
               | crappy uSD cards. And it runs straight up Debian instead
               | of some weird build. I can go on and on.
               | 
               | RPi has kicked the end users in the teeth over and over
               | and over and people still won't change. People at my
               | hackerspace are willing to spend a bunch of money on RPi
               | to do Octoprint rather than buying a _full blown x86
               | computer_ for half the total cost.
               | 
               | What the hell do the Beaglebone people have to do to get
               | people to pay attention?
               | 
               | Beaglebone Black link:
               | https://www.beagleboard.org/boards/beaglebone-black
        
               | trothamel wrote:
               | Some modernization would be nice. I like the am335x, and
               | have a product that's been made with it for the past
               | decade - but the am335x is a 32-bit single core processor
               | (with some additions) from 2011, and that's getting a bit
               | long in the tooth.
        
               | bsder wrote:
               | The Beaglebone people put out new ones, but the volumes
               | were so dismal that they simply weren't worth it.
               | 
               | One _engineering_ problem is that the power envelope is
               | kind of tight. While the RPi simply will not work with
               | 5V@500mA, the BBB does. If you bump the frequency, your
               | power supply needs shoot up and you start needing heat
               | sinks.
               | 
               | It really feels like the Beaglebone Black got the
               | engineering aspects correct. Shame that even hackers are
               | suceptible to marketing.
               | 
               | At this point, being able to use the Beaglbone Black is
               | practically a superpower for me as an engineer. I can buy
               | it. My end customers can buy it. It's real Linux so my
               | end customer can bang on it as required. It's documented,
               | so I can generate the embedded drivers I need and
               | document them.
               | 
               | I suspect that with the industrial etherenet built in,
               | the BeaglePlay is about to take on some of that
               | character.
        
               | ShadowBanThis01 wrote:
               | Interesting points about the BeagleBone; I will check it
               | out.
               | 
               | But this is not credible: "People at my hackerspace are
               | willing to spend a bunch of money on RPi to do Octoprint
               | rather than buying a full blown x86 computer for half the
               | total cost."
               | 
               | I run Octoprint on a 4GB Pi 4. Total cost was probably
               | $75. What kinds of setup are you talking about?
        
           | gotoeleven wrote:
           | Parent should know that the hurtfulness of having a different
           | opinion about the best use of a computer cannot be
           | overstated. Imagine if my great grandfather who survived the
           | holocaust read this comment--it would kill him even worse
           | than hitler tried to.
        
         | snvzz wrote:
         | Fortunately, there is choice in RISC-V.
        
         | bilalq wrote:
         | Different people have different needs though. I have a smart
         | mirror that runs a 4K display driven by a Pi 4. I'm sure there
         | a lot of other kiosk-like use-cases for Pis.
        
         | opan wrote:
         | Totally fair desire, though some people definitely do want
         | these to be desktop or HTPC replacements.
         | 
         | I'm usually more impressed with RockChip stuff anyway, though,
         | so if the Raspberry Pi folks wanted to focus their efforts on
         | affordable dev boards, I think there'd still be plenty of
         | options for those who do want to play back 4k video on a
         | monitor. They've done an excellent job with the Pi Pico,
         | keeping it in stock and dirt cheap. I've gotten a dozen or more
         | of those at like $4 each. So they're still catering to the
         | "maker" types with those.
         | 
         | I'm excited to get a better version of something like the
         | Pinebook Pro someday, based on a newer SoC with more RAM and a
         | bit more GPU power for video playback and some simpler games
         | like Minetest and Xonotic.
        
         | ahepp wrote:
         | I haven't bought any in a while, but looks like the Pi Zero W
         | is in stock and available for $10 at Microcenter. Other sellers
         | seem to have them in stock for $15. So isn't there already a
         | widely available Pi in stock for under $20?
        
         | jhatemyjob wrote:
         | There are other flavors of Pi, like the Orange Pi or Banana Pi.
         | Have you looked into those? The newest Orange Pi is really
         | expensive but maybe there's others that are cheaper
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | the zero/zero2 should have you covered, I have a zero2 and its
         | rather good. not bad for the price either.
        
         | EwanToo wrote:
         | The Pi Zero 2 W is $20 and reasonably consistently in stock
         | now.
         | 
         | https://thepihut.com/products/raspberry-pi-zero-2
        
         | m463 wrote:
         | it looks like the pi 4 is becoming available and (more)
         | reasonably priced.
         | 
         | not $35, but not what seemed to be $185 either
        
       | CodeWriter23 wrote:
       | Can someone explain the hubbub here? My read of the specs seems
       | to match the specs of the Pi 4, HEVC decoding but no encoding.
        
         | InsomniacL wrote:
         | RPI3 / RPI4 have hardware accelerated encoding/decoding for
         | H.264, this has not been included for RPI5.
        
           | CodeWriter23 wrote:
           | Thanks. I suppose that will prolong the shelf life of the 4.
        
       | lannisterstark wrote:
       | Remember you can get an HP Prodesk G3 400 or some such for $60
       | refurbed with far more hardware capabilities if you don't need
       | the portable form factor, gpio, or power consumption.
       | 
       | It's actually a better deal for home servers.
        
         | jrockway wrote:
         | Electricity is something you have to pay for for always-on
         | computers:
         | 
         | Prodesk G3: 24 hours * 365 days * 35W * 1000W/kW * $0.30/kWh =
         | $91
         | 
         | Raspberry Pi 5: 24 hours * 365 days * 12W * 1000W/kW *
         | $0.30/kWh = $31
         | 
         | It's likely that 12W over-counts for the Raspberry Pi 5 and 35W
         | under-counts for the Intel chip, so it might be even worse than
         | this.
        
           | lannisterstark wrote:
           | Right, I agree, but electricity prices are variable and
           | location dependent, for example, it doesn't cost me 30c/kwh,
           | it's more like 5 cents and 3 cents depending on the time.
           | 
           | With that logic, the $20 in difference of $30 per year vs $10
           | per year of Pi is fairly meaningless for performance boost I
           | am getting.
           | 
           | If your electricity is expensive, sure, but I imagine the
           | performance boost would be worth it for an actual homeserver
           | that a G3 can make vs a tinkering/fun project you can make
           | with a Pi.
        
           | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
           | What do they idle at? I have two home servers that are
           | essentially at idle 24/7.
        
           | hollerith wrote:
           | You're comparing a CPU that became generally available in
           | 2017 or earlier (i.e., the 7th-gen or 6th-gen Core CPU in the
           | Prodesk G3) with a more much recent CPU.
        
           | xxpor wrote:
           | $0.30/kWh is 3x the average US price of electricity.
        
             | m463 wrote:
             | california goes from .30 - .50 per kwh - thanks to
             | regulatory capture and pg&e
             | 
             | wait...
             | 
             | https://www.pge.com/tariffs/Res_Inclu_TOU_Current.xlsx
             | 
             | I can't tell what my current rate really is, but seems like
             | average is 38.2c/kwh
        
         | fswd wrote:
         | I just bought a 10th gen i5 laptop with 16gb of ram for $60 off
         | of ebay. HP c640 chromebook. Fast enough to run a 7B LLM at 1-2
         | tokens/sec
        
         | KaiserPro wrote:
         | the new intel m100 nuc platform chip is probably where its at.
         | 
         | yes its double the price, but in terms of power usage its ~4
         | watts at the plug at 50% load, (vs 30) and more over a million
         | times faster.
        
       | ComputerGuru wrote:
       | Wow, I'm surprised this took this long to come out! The
       | raspicam/raspivid ecosystem is huge and without hardware h264
       | encoding it is absolutely dead in the water. This makes the rPi5
       | a neutered bit of hardware and the rPi4 (and even the rPi3)
       | better options for quite a number of applications!
        
         | tjoff wrote:
         | I'm not sure how you could get to that conclusion from the
         | link?
         | 
         | > _[...] but actually it only takes around 1 processor to
         | encode 1080p60 with our default settings (which is still better
         | quality than the PI 4 hardware encoder)_
         | 
         | Power consumption is worse, yes, but that is not a huge issue
         | for the raspicam/raspivid ecosystem you are talking about.
         | 
         | If anything the price is a huge issue, so just buy the pi4 if
         | the hardware suffices or the 5 if you need something better.
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | If you want hardware video encoding check out this SBC running a
       | latest gen AMD 7840, all the encoding inc h264, av1, hevc plus
       | latest gen AMD GPU:
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/WCRK-Uwb0EA?si=BlxaYkg7Ecq2rALJ
        
       | snvzz wrote:
       | Buy Raspberry Pi 5 if, and only if, you want to support MPEG and
       | their proprietary codecs through royalty fees.
        
       | suprjami wrote:
       | No h264? Useless to me. I'll stick with my Pi 4, and will replace
       | them with a NUC or Ryzen mini PC when the time comes.
        
       | rightisleft wrote:
       | There are a ton of pi derivatives that offer a pretty broad range
       | of configurations. I always think of the Pi as the general
       | consumer flagship. I was still pretty impressed with the Pi 4B...
       | I just wish it had broader availability.
       | 
       | Just a handful of examples:
       | 
       | Banana PI M5: https://www.banana-pi.org/
       | 
       | Odroid C4: https://wiki.odroid.com/start
       | 
       | Odroid N2+: Odroid C4: https://wiki.odroid.com/start
       | 
       | Libre "Le Potato": https://libre.computer/
       | 
       | Libre "Renegade": https://libre.computer/
       | 
       | Orange Pi 3 LTS: http://www.orangepi.org/
       | 
       | Orange Pi 5: http://www.orangepi.org/
       | 
       | Rock Pi 4C+: https://rockpi.org/
       | 
       | Nano Pi M4B: http://nanopi.io/
        
         | hatthew wrote:
         | Yeah, there's a huge variety of SBCs that exist, most of which
         | have a better specs/price ratio than RPi. If you buy a RPi,
         | you're spending money on the hardware, you're spending it on
         | the mountains of support/tutorials/standardization. I suspect
         | that most people on HN can handle the reduced knowledge base
         | that exists for BPi, OPi, ROCK, etc.
        
       | wkat4242 wrote:
       | I think it's a really weak excuse of Gordon Hollingworth "On the
       | processor you have more control over the output". The one on the
       | pi 1-4 worked totally fine and nobody complained about its
       | quality.
       | 
       | Don't forget you can always do software if you want to, it was
       | just really great to have the hardware option.
        
       | cosmojg wrote:
       | For $85, the Orange Pi 5 supports 8K hardware video encoding
       | (H265/H264) via gstreamer, and that's just what I'm aware of. I'm
       | sure there are other single-board computers with similar (or
       | better) features.
       | 
       | Unless you're dependent on the Raspberry Pi HAT ecosystem or
       | you're not particularly technical, it's worth considering the
       | alternatives.
        
       | mastax wrote:
       | RaspberryPi's documentation about the CPU has this to say:
       | 
       | https://www.raspberrypi.com/documentation/computers/processo...
       | 
       | - 4Kp60 HEVC hardware decode
       | 
       | - Other CODECs run in software
       | 
       | - H264 1080p24 decode ~10-20% of CPU
       | 
       | - H264 1080p60 decode ~50-60% of CPU
       | 
       | - H264 1080p30 encode (from ISP) ~30-40% CPU
       | 
       | Doesn't seem like the end of the world to me but I'm not trying
       | to use the thing as a media server.
        
       | t0bia_s wrote:
       | 4K in 24 FPS is enough for me for media stream server. Films are
       | in 23.97 FPS so no reason to have higher FPS if you dont want
       | smooth UI experience.
        
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