[HN Gopher] How to Think Computationally about AI, the Universe ...
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       How to Think Computationally about AI, the Universe and Everything
        
       Author : jam
       Score  : 57 points
       Date   : 2023-10-28 13:48 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (writings.stephenwolfram.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (writings.stephenwolfram.com)
        
       | Towaway69 wrote:
       | Without reading the article, I bet the answer is 42.
        
         | jfengel wrote:
         | That is a better answer than the article.
        
       | joshuanapoli wrote:
       | I think that the "ruliad" concept here is pretty interesting. I'm
       | not too sure how to apply it to real life, though.
       | 
       | "Ruliad" represents the abstract and unique object that arises
       | from the application of all possible computational processes or
       | rules; the totality of all potential computational processes, an
       | infinite, complex network of all possibilities that can ever
       | exist. Wolfram explains that our perceptions of the universe, and
       | our understanding of the laws of physics themselves, are
       | influenced by our specific sampling or experience of the ruliad.
        
       | haskellandchill wrote:
       | Why are none of these things wikipedia articles? Or getting any
       | traction in google scholar? I actually am not against what
       | Wolfram is saying and it's interesting to see the link between
       | general relativity and quantum mechanics in this line of
       | thinking, but come on, something is fishy.
        
         | MichaelRazum wrote:
         | Guess two reasons
         | 
         | - the theory is not mainstream, guess it is not attractive
         | enough to study it right now
         | 
         | - the theory is not able to make any new predictions (yet).
         | This has to change I think to get traction.
        
           | haskellandchill wrote:
           | things to predict would be "the maximum entanglement speed z"
           | and "dimensionality of space won't always be precisely 3" but
           | he seems to be making no real effort there, I've seen other
           | non-wolfram research on a lower bound for the speed (4x the
           | speed of light woosh) which doesn't cite him, the
           | dimensionality thing I don't even know what to look for.
           | Anyway you'd think he'd do something or not whatever not my
           | life, I met him once and he was just an eccentric yet boring
           | dude.
        
             | MichaelRazum wrote:
             | Exactly, if something come out - guess it would be a funny
             | nightmare to the physic society. As you said, it doesn't
             | seem to be the case a right now.
             | 
             | On the personal level, maybe you are right - but it doesn't
             | matter, if he is right...
        
         | thatguysaguy wrote:
         | You can see him talk to an actual physicist here:
         | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0bMYtEKjHs0
         | 
         | Sean Carroll is more of a "just let the guest say what they
         | want to" interviewer, so he doesn't grill him very hard.
         | Despite that, I think it comes across pretty clearly in the
         | interview that Wolfram doesn't actually have any compelling
         | reason to think that this is the way the universe actually is.
        
         | adgjlsfhk1 wrote:
         | the thing that is fishy is that Wolfram doesn't understand the
         | difference between an analogy and a model.
        
         | crispyambulance wrote:
         | > Why are none of these things wikipedia articles? Or getting
         | any traction in google scholar?
         | 
         | Wolfram is a very smart fellow and deserves much credit for
         | Mathematica. But these little side projects are very much
         | outsider physics. No one is actually interested in pursuing his
         | ideas because they're not particularly compelling. He has a
         | couple of folks on his payroll doing work on it, and he'll show
         | up on Lex Fridman or other internet talking head shows but
         | that's pretty much the extent of it.
         | 
         | There's no harm in it, I guess. He's not a crank... though
         | maybe somewhat crank-adjacent.
        
       | mathgradthrow wrote:
       | This is hard to read. I don't think the core narrative is
       | implausible, but it's pretty hard to imagine someone this self-
       | aggrandizing being a sufficiently critical adversary of his own
       | theory, and he doesn't seem to have convinced anyone else of his
       | claims.
        
         | kromem wrote:
         | You don't think it's implausible? Reading this line didn't set
         | off any red flags?
         | 
         | "And that the structure of space and everything in it is just
         | defined by the network of relations between these elements--
         | that we might call atoms of space. It's very elegant--but
         | deeply abstract."
         | 
         | How about this one, shortly after describing "in the history of
         | science there's four models":
         | 
         | "But now there's something even more: in our Physics Project
         | things become multicomputational, with many threads of time,
         | that can only be knitted together by an observer." Wow, one of
         | the four models in the history of science is the thing you just
         | came up with?
         | 
         | Or this one: "But how is that rule picked? Well, actually, it
         | isn't. Because all possible rules are used. And we're building
         | up what I call the ruliad: the deeply abstract but unique
         | object that is the entangled limit of all possible
         | computational processes."
         | 
         | Dude overfitted basic physics with a model and thinks he
         | discovered a theory of everything.
         | 
         | "OK, so the ruliad is everything." Pythagoras move over,
         | there's a new mathematician's Monad in town.
         | 
         | "And there are two crucial facts about us. First, we're
         | computationally bounded--our minds are limited. And second, we
         | believe we're persistent in time--even though we're made of
         | different atoms of space at every moment.
         | 
         | So then here's the big result. What observers with those
         | characteristics perceive in the ruliad necessarily follows
         | certain laws. And those laws turn out to be precisely the three
         | key theories of 20th-century physics: general relativity,
         | quantum mechanics, and statistical mechanics and the Second
         | Law."
         | 
         | How convenient.
         | 
         | "We can think of this as a place in the ruliad described using
         | the concept of a cat in a party hat:" Wait, what now?
         | 
         | "Maybe we need a promptocracy where people write prompts
         | instead of just voting." This is still on the rails for you?
         | 
         | "Before our Physics Project we didn't know if our universe
         | really was computational. But now it's pretty clear that it is.
         | And from that we're inexorably led to the ruliad--with all its
         | vastness, so hugely greater than all the physical space in our
         | universe." Oh great, it's pretty clear.
         | 
         | I can't imagine that he hasn't convinced respected physicists
         | of his claims.
         | 
         | Did he show them the video of the cat in the party hat becoming
         | a "cat island" and then turning into abstract concept spaces
         | mirroring the development of actual spacetime from the big
         | bang? He should definitely lead with that next time.
        
           | jfengel wrote:
           | It's really distressing that I can't tell this from the usual
           | physics crank gibberish. He's smarter than that. Or at least
           | he used to be.
           | 
           | It's scary because I was never as smart as he used to be. I
           | could be even more off base with even less to back it up, and
           | equally unable to see that.
        
       | timeagain wrote:
       | Related: Why philosophers should care about computational
       | complexity by Scott Aaronson [1].
       | 
       | If you have even a faint interest in philisophy and have taken
       | algorithms 101 you will find something mind-blowing in this
       | paper. My favorite part is about how the "Chinese room" problem
       | takes on totally different character depending on your
       | assumptions about the type of machinery behind the black box.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.scottaaronson.com/papers/philos.pdf
        
       | kromem wrote:
       | It's pretty wild to have gone from watching a lecture from Neil
       | Turok (who is currently my favorite theoretical physicist with a
       | "here's my idea for what physics currently has wrong with its
       | model") and looking at Wolfram's rambling.
       | 
       | Between this and the recent "techno-optimist" rant, I get the
       | sense that maybe we shouldn't give popular voices platforms for
       | things outside the scope that made them famous in the first
       | place, and if they really have something interesting to say, it
       | should be determined as such by the content of its argument and
       | not the pseudo-authority of its author.
       | 
       | Michael Jordon didn't have a stellar baseball record and likely
       | wouldn't have made the cut for a team if he wasn't Michael
       | Jordon. And what I see a lot of these days are people that made a
       | name for themselves metaphorically playing basketball suddenly
       | blogging about baseball and getting way too much attention for
       | what are fundamentally 0.202 batting average ideas.
        
         | andromaton wrote:
         | Wolfram has a PhD in physics. *Jordan
        
           | WhitneyLand wrote:
           | That doesn't provide any guarantees that he's not evolved
           | into, a crank with money.
           | 
           | Looking at Physics historically there are multiple examples
           | of scientists who did productive and fully credible work in
           | their prime and later ended up stuck on crank theories.
        
       | nologic01 wrote:
       | Its harsh to say it, but Wolfram tried his best at a
       | computational theory of everything and failed.
       | 
       | We didn't know this is in the eighties, when the first cellular
       | automata ideas were conceived. So it was a worthy thing to
       | explore in earnest. But it did not work. There is nothing to show
       | for it. It did not strike a vein. These things happen. All the
       | time. You have a great startup idea but no market fit. In this
       | case the market is the Universe. And you cant fake it till you
       | make it with the Universe.
       | 
       | The universe most certainly has a mysterious affinity with
       | mathematics. And computation is a mathematical concept. So its a
       | decent hypothesis. But there are a lot of mathematical concepts
       | that dont manifest in any shape or form in physical reality.
       | 
       | From the simple geometric thinking of ancient cultures to
       | Newton's and Leibnitz's calculus and then all the subsequent
       | glories of 19th and 20th century physical theory, when new
       | mathematical concepts "fit" the way the universe works there is
       | just an avalanche of prediction, verification, learning,
       | refinement, further prediction etc.
       | 
       | Its wrong to think we have reached the end of "mathematical
       | physics". So new ideas are needed, and computation is as good an
       | inspiration as a falling apple. But prunning dead-end ideas is a
       | faster way to get closer to the truth.
        
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       (page generated 2023-10-28 23:00 UTC)