[HN Gopher] EPA fast-tracking of gene-altering pesticide sparks ...
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       EPA fast-tracking of gene-altering pesticide sparks concerns
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 112 points
       Date   : 2023-10-22 19:01 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.thenewlede.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.thenewlede.org)
        
       | mnode wrote:
       | Good reasons to be cautious, but a game changer if it works. This
       | is gene silencing rather than gene editing so in principle risks
       | to humans and the wider environment are relatively low.
        
         | throw47848 wrote:
         | I heard this two years ago. I will stay far away from this.
        
         | coffeebeqn wrote:
         | Does this kind of behavior exist in nature? If not it's pretty
         | bold to claim what the systemic effects will be ahead of time
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | Yes, its done in most eukaryotes.
        
       | neilv wrote:
       | > _Multiple studies have "confirmed" that the product has no
       | harmful effect [...] said a spokesperson for GreenLight
       | Biosciences."_
       | 
       | What would you fear has even less objectivity about safety, than
       | a novel pesticide company?
       | 
       | One where they even named the company "greenlight".
        
         | astrodust wrote:
         | Someone's gunning to be the next Thomas Midgley Jr.
        
       | xkcd-sucks wrote:
       | All concerns of safety notwithstanding, which is generally fucked
       | in the industry and government, it's pretty cool that a RNAi
       | product was developed to be literally sprayed on fields -- Things
       | have probably progressed in the 15 years since I was active in
       | lab work, but the general consensus was RNA would fall apart if
       | you even talked too loudly, and the people regularly working with
       | RNA all developed weird rituals and got all twitchy and paranoid
       | (from stress, not poisoning!)
        
         | extraduder_ire wrote:
         | Even if a bunch of it falls apart, just having enough survive
         | to be effective is all you need, really.
        
         | arrosenberg wrote:
         | The progression was more-or-less figuring out how to get it to
         | not fall apart.
         | 
         | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9238147/
         | 
         | https://www.matinasbiopharma.com/lnc-technology/lnc-platform
        
         | walterbell wrote:
         | How about inter-generational resistance?
         | 
         |  _> Hansen also wonders about the pesticide's efficacy - and
         | the efficacy of RNAi pesticides more generally. A 2021
         | Scientific Reports study assessed a similar double-stranded
         | RNA, which was being developed for a spray to combat the same
         | potato pest. It found that within nine generations, 11,100
         | times the original quantity of pesticide was needed to get the
         | same effect - an "extremely high" level of resistance,
         | according to the study itself._
        
       | thereisnospork wrote:
       | Hard to see serious objections with a sound technical basis
       | arising when _literally everything_ that classifies as food is
       | chock full of random, purposeful, and /or 'junk' RNA/DNA.
       | Different genes, sure, but it's not as if eating spinach turns us
       | green and kicks off mammalian photosynthesis.
        
         | anon84873628 wrote:
         | I understand your point and agree with you to an extent.
         | 
         | But there are also these cute packages of DNA/RNA in nature
         | that can cause extreme illness in humans - they're called
         | viruses :D
         | 
         | There are also a great many plants and microbes with toxic
         | components - we just happen to have very effectively eliminated
         | them from the modern food system. This wasn't the case for
         | primordial hunter gatherers, say.
         | 
         | So it's really not a good argument against caution and
         | conservative safety protocols, because lots of things in nature
         | _are_ harmful to us.
        
           | thereisnospork wrote:
           | The point is that the character of RNA is intrinsically
           | different than other classes of chemicals. More formally, the
           | Bayesian prior of an RNA being dangerous/ toxic is far lower,
           | ergo less caution _is_ warranted. (Opportunity cost, wasted
           | effort, etc.)
           | 
           | More concretely as relates to the prior, but can't a person
           | fairly literally eat a spoonful of isolated influenza[0]
           | without getting sick?
           | 
           | [0] or other virus, RNA, DNA, etc.
        
             | zmgsabst wrote:
             | Can you name a source of RNA being injected into an
             | organism that isn't harmful?
             | 
             | I can only think of diseases; which would mean my priors
             | suggest such things should be avoided.
        
               | asdff wrote:
               | You can quite literally inject this RNA product into your
               | arm and nothing would happen. The sequence needs to be
               | specific to a human mRNA in order for silencing to occur.
               | On top of that you have to deliver the RNA into the cell
               | itself intact. The fact this works is this beetle happens
               | to be responsive to environmental RNA, meaning they could
               | simply take a piece of potato and dip it in beetle
               | specific double stranded RNA, and the larvae would eat it
               | as the delivery mechanism. There is probably some fitness
               | advantage to being able to engage in such uptake
               | normally, and this is what is being taken advantage of
               | here for insecticide purposes.
        
         | heavyset_go wrote:
         | Reducing it to just RNA is equivalent to reducing pesticides to
         | just "chemicals" and pointing out that all food is made of
         | chemicals.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | It's no different than saying the alphabet produces unique
           | computer code from the same set of characters. These products
           | are targeted to a given species unique sequence for a given
           | transcript. You can validate that your siRNA targets only
           | your species of interest by using a BLAST search against
           | other species.
        
       | coolhand2120 wrote:
       | Regulatory capture is a conspiracy theory
        
         | smolder wrote:
         | Regulatory capture is a term for a failure mode of
         | representative government wherein a regulated entity amasses
         | and uses political influence to get special treatment and other
         | favors from the government. Your comment isn't even coherent.
         | However, if I assume what you meant is that regulatory capture
         | is a made up thing that doesn't really happen, then you're also
         | wrong.
        
           | genewitch wrote:
           | I think it was intended to be sardonic or sarcastic.
        
             | smolder wrote:
             | Perhaps it was. Poe's law is tough.
        
       | hedora wrote:
       | Given their recent behavior with round up (they let it be sprayed
       | on crops at harvest -- I'm surprised it doesn't have to go on the
       | ingredient list!), the bar for fast tracking this without safety
       | studies should be "the execs, regulators, and their families
       | drink a gallon", not "the day laborers at the farm wear
       | respirators, and we don't perform any follow up checks on their
       | health".
        
         | siftrics wrote:
         | I've always been a fan of this.
         | 
         | If RoundUp is so safe, why don't the execs and lawyers and
         | shills all douse themselves in it? It'd prove their alleged
         | point against the guy who got horrible lesions and cancer all
         | over his body after being exposed to it in a work accident.
        
           | gruez wrote:
           | But they never claimed that it was "so safe" that you can
           | ingest or douse yourself in it? It says so right in the MSDS.
           | 
           | https://labelsds.com/images/user_uploads/Roundup%20Pro%20Con.
           | ..
        
             | heavyset_go wrote:
             | That's what they're subjecting farm workers to.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | Isn't that the farm's problem? At least in theory workers
               | are supposed to be protected with PPE and/or proper
               | procedures. Blaming them for the failure of that feels
               | like blaming chainsaw manufacturers for causing hearing
               | loss.
        
               | bastawhiz wrote:
               | If the chainsaw company executives have to repeatedly try
               | to convince the government that their product is actually
               | safe despite being excessively loud over and over again,
               | but they won't actually put themselves in a situation
               | where they themselves wield their own chainsaws because
               | of safety concerns, then yeah, it's on them.
               | 
               | If you're in the US, you've probably consumed glyphosate
               | today. Farm workers wearing PPE will be exposed to
               | elevated levels of glyphosate no matter how hard they try
               | because humans aren't perfect. If execs won't put
               | themselves in the same position as the people handling
               | their products, they're evil hypocritical bastards.
        
               | gruez wrote:
               | > If the chainsaw company executives have to repeatedly
               | try to convince the government that their product is
               | actually safe despite being excessively loud
               | 
               | We're going in circles here. As mentioned earlier the
               | MSDS provided by bayer clearly says you shouldn't get it
               | on your skin or ingest it. Therefore it's pretty clear
               | that glyphosate isn't "safe", at least in those
               | circumstances.
               | 
               | >Farm workers wearing PPE will be exposed to elevated
               | levels of glyphosate no matter how hard they try because
               | humans aren't perfect.
               | 
               | You can make the same argument for chainsaws. Earmuffs
               | aren't comfortable to wear in 100 degree weather. Should
               | they be liable for hearing loss for the same reason?
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | Earmuffs in 100 may not be the most comfortable thing in
               | the world, but its still perfectly fine to use for hours,
               | you just sweat a bit more on ears and around. Also, if
               | you want rest just stop cutting and put them down. I've
               | seen forest workers use them all the time in summer heat.
               | 
               | Now we switch to same conditions but requirement is to
               | wear pretty good 'airtight' face mask. Most people would
               | be nearing collapse after some time when doing some hard
               | work, I know I had some proper hard time during covid
               | when trying some rather low efforts.
               | 
               | Those 2 examples are really not that comparable. Also,
               | you very conveniently ignore the fact that chemical crap
               | poisons _everything_ , and ends up in my and your and my
               | kid's food chain. Some chainsaw 20 km in the forest is
               | really no such concern.
               | 
               | I can go on and on like this. Really, not comparable
               | examples at all. Yeah, fuck Bayer and all those involved,
               | I am normally peaceful person but for those involved
               | while knowing, or at least strongly suspecting the truth
               | I wish only horrible things in their lives.
        
               | heavyset_go wrote:
               | They know how it's being used, spend millions on
               | downplaying and denying its harms and lobby the
               | government to loosen safety restrictions on its use.
               | 
               | This is the same excuse drug dealers use when selling
               | substances they know are being abused and harm people.
               | Following your logic, the MSDS sheets for heroin and
               | fentanyl make it clear on how they should be dealt with
               | safely.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | > Isn't that the farm's problem?
               | 
               | From a legal perspective, maybe.
               | 
               | From the farm workers perspective... it sounds they'd
               | better try avoiding the situation anyway.
               | 
               | ---
               | 
               | An analogy is an accident between a semi trailer and a
               | motorbike.
               | 
               | Even if the semi trailer was the cause of the accident
               | (legally), it's still a really bad idea for the motorbike
               | to not try avoiding it. That way leads to a squished
               | motorbike rider. :(
        
             | jona-f wrote:
             | "Lobbyist Claims Monsanto's Roundup Is Safe To Drink,
             | Freaks Out When Offered A Glass"
             | 
             | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ovKw6YjqSfM&t=10
        
           | jzebedee wrote:
           | Even that stunt might not be enough for a sufficiently evil
           | shill, e.g. Thomas Midgley Jr. He famously did a similar move
           | at a press conference for tetraethyllead (TEL), where he
           | washed his hands in the stuff to prove its safety:
           | 
           | > On October 30, 1924, Midgley participated in a press
           | conference to demonstrate the apparent safety of TEL, in
           | which he poured TEL over his hands, placed a bottle of the
           | chemical under his nose, and inhaled its vapor for 60
           | seconds, declaring that he could do this every day without
           | succumbing to any problems.
           | 
           | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Midgley_Jr.#cite_ref-
           | Se...
           | 
           | It probably won't shock you that he frequently suffered from
           | lead poisoning.
        
             | ars wrote:
             | Why you call him an evil shill? It sounds like he actually
             | believed it.
             | 
             | It's not evil to be wrong.
        
               | j-bos wrote:
               | There was evidence of the negative health effects from
               | his own research.
        
               | flagrant_taco wrote:
               | I'm not sure how that line could be drawn. If a person
               | does something that most would consider evil, but does it
               | for reasons they honestly believed in which side is
               | right?
               | 
               | Some of the Nazis may have honestly believed that Jewish
               | people were the cause of Germany's economic problems, but
               | I don't think many would claim they were anything less
               | than evil.
        
             | Frost1x wrote:
             | The trick to this stunt is to, as usual, hide behind
             | complexity. While this sort of stunt may be telling in some
             | cases where a single or handful of exposures lead to health
             | problems, there's an increasing amount of investment in
             | things that may or may not be so obvious, where an exposure
             | or handful of exposures are unlikely to have a huge effect.
             | 
             | In that context you only give the shills more sway. We
             | could take the golden public health case of something like
             | cigarettes. The evidence these days is pretty rock solid
             | and irrefutable but if you didn't have that information
             | because said thing is new, you could consume it right in
             | public with almost no side effects. While it's not
             | advisable, you could smoke a pack of cigarettes over a year
             | in such demo's and have little side effects/risk overall.
             | Heck, if you're smart about it you only puff a few puffs
             | each time to demonstrate to make the exposure even less.
             | 
             | So while these sort of safety demos can be valuable and
             | shine a light on truth, risk, and just how far someone may
             | go to sell something and reap the benefits, you have to
             | make sure the context like dosage, exposure, whatever else
             | is relevant match.
             | 
             | We've been living in a highly reductionist scientific world
             | for awhile and in a lot of cases reductionism is fantastic,
             | if we can generalize and peel away a bunch of context
             | that's great, but we have to remember we can't always do
             | that and these demos appeal to that sort of overly
             | reductionist mindset. It makes it very hard to tell someone
             | not educated about real risk that may exist to take
             | something like a short exposure demo as ironclad proof that
             | something is low-to-no risk and it'll be difficult to ever
             | show that person otherwise.
        
               | siftrics wrote:
               | > In that context you only give the shills more sway.
               | 
               | This is a really good point that I overlooked.
               | 
               | I'm in an industry where sophisticated participants can
               | see the blatant scams, but laypeople have no chance at
               | spotting them. Your claim makes a lot of sense.
        
         | hanniabu wrote:
         | > Given their recent behavior with round up (they let it be
         | sprayed on crops at harvest -- I'm surprised it doesn't have to
         | go on the ingredient list
         | 
         | Source?
        
           | hedora wrote:
           | A search for "roundup drying agent" will produce dozens of
           | sources.
           | 
           | Here's a link to a story about a bill from 2019 that would
           | have banned the practice in the US (it did not pass):
           | 
           | https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news-release/bill-would-
           | ba...
           | 
           | Note that the bill would restore the permissible residue
           | levels to the previous limit, which is 1/300th the current
           | limit. The limit was raised in order to allow the practice in
           | the US.
        
             | hanniabu wrote:
             | Fuck i hate capitalism
        
               | mike_ivanov wrote:
               | Dude. Let me tell you a story.
               | 
               | I was 13 years old, a schoolboy on a trip to the
               | countryside to "help" farm workers to harvest cabbages.
               | It was a routine thing those days because the centralized
               | Soviet industrial-government apparatus couldn't properly
               | plan even such trivial things. There were about a hundred
               | kids on that field. As we went with our business, a
               | tractor spraying DDT came from the other side of the
               | field. It passed us no more than 20 meters away, spraying
               | everything around with the clouds of white stuff.
               | Everybody knew it was DDT, everybody knew it was
               | poisonous at that time. Our teacher approached the
               | tractor and asked the operator to wait until we are done;
               | the guy basically told her to fuck off and went on with
               | spraying.
               | 
               | Now go ahead and tell me about capitalism, I'm all ears.
        
           | Danjoe4 wrote:
           | Yeah they're poisoning the food supply. You haven't heard?
           | https://www.ewg.org/news-insights/news-
           | release/2018/10/round...
           | 
           | The government agencies are beyond incompetent. They are
           | complicit and need to be destroyed.
        
             | wahnfrieden wrote:
             | Is it incompetence or money
        
         | DoingIsLearning wrote:
         | Taleb popularized the myth but I like the usenet quote from
         | Dewar better:
         | 
         | "When Roman engineers built a bridge, they had to stand under
         | it while the first legion marched across. If programmers today
         | worked under similar ground rules, they might well find
         | themselves getting much more interested in Ada!"
         | 
         | (Robert Dewar)
        
         | KennyBlanken wrote:
         | If you think they're provided respirators or can afford to buy
         | them and the cartridges, I have a bridge to sell you.
         | 
         | Also, try wearing one in a hot field working your ass
         | off...anyone claiming that field workers are wearing
         | respirators is crazy.
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | I want it to be easier to get initial approval, but harder to
       | keep approval.
       | 
       | Ie. 'we approve sale of 1,000 gallons of this product, but if you
       | want approval for more you need to do these additional tests '.
       | 
       | That's because I have a higher expectation of safety with a
       | product that ends up in the food of 10 million people than the
       | food of 1 million people.
       | 
       | Unfortunately thr regulations for food tend to be black and white
       | - something is either approved or not. And that's wrong - the
       | level of effort into verifying something is good to feed to
       | people should go up with more people you are feeding it to.
        
         | meristohm wrote:
         | Feels like we're the test subjects if initial approval is
         | easier. I'd rather move slowly and not break people so much.
        
       | 999throwaway wrote:
       | Off topic so sorry but concerning roundup. I was at a trade show
       | / ag convention type event at del mar fairgrounds in around 1987
       | and roundup had a big display and one of the salesmen were doing
       | thier promotional spiel and this one guy said that this product
       | was so safe that he opened a carton from the wall display and
       | poured some into a cup and drank it right there. I have always
       | wondered what ever happened to that guy
        
         | wahnfrieden wrote:
         | Friend of a friend used to clean his dogs with it. He's dead
         | now because of it
        
       | Madmallard wrote:
       | really absurd that we continue creating things no one's body
       | evolved to tolerate that we continually ingest. And we wonder why
       | chronic illness is skyrocketing in incidence and weird seemingly
       | unsolvable health problems becoming ever more common
        
         | genewitch wrote:
         | what's the annual global expenditure on cancer treatments,
         | these days; and what percentage of oncologists would subject
         | themselves to cancer treatment?
        
           | bglazer wrote:
           | Overall five year survival rates for cancer have risen from
           | about 50% in 1975 to about 75% currently. That includes
           | several extremely difficult subtypes of cancer, which means
           | that many types of cancer have improved much more than the
           | overall trend.
           | 
           | Together this constitutes millions of years of extended life
           | for millions of people. Millions of families given a reprieve
           | from the worst outcome, millions more memories that wouldn't
           | have happened otherwise.
           | 
           | Societally, that's worth a tremendous amount of money, not to
           | mention the other positive effects that we get from spending
           | lots of money on research.
           | 
           | https://progressreport.cancer.gov/after/survival
        
             | zmgsabst wrote:
             | Right -- the implication is that we made all those people
             | sick in the first place, and the associated cost of
             | food/agriculture science isn't worth it.
        
       | mym1990 wrote:
       | Upgrade by Blake Crouch is a fiction book that uses gene altering
       | pesticides as a culprit for a global food shortage that triggers
       | a massive famine(don't worry, that isn't really a spoiler).
       | 
       | It's interesting to read fiction and then read headlines like
       | this!
        
         | hedora wrote:
         | This article also reminds me of "The Sheep Look Up" by John
         | Brunner (1972).
         | 
         | The author is from the UK, but it's mostly set in the US. It
         | contains a brilliant parody of Trader Joes / Whole Foods (from
         | well before they were founded, of course).
         | 
         | Apparently, he wrote a series of dystopias. I've been meaning
         | to read the other ones.
        
       | jryb wrote:
       | To be clear, this changes gene expression, and does not alter DNA
       | in any way.
        
         | bastawhiz wrote:
         | The title is misleading. But that doesn't mean gene silencing
         | couldn't make someone very sick or cause fatal birth defects.
        
           | asdff wrote:
           | You could eat kilos of this stuff and it would just be an
           | interesting protein supplement. The sequence is specific to a
           | gene in these insects its targeting. Even if it was human
           | specific I doubt eating it would lead to anything. It would
           | probably be degraded readily.
        
         | zmgsabst wrote:
         | "We don't change their genetics, just epigenetics!"
         | 
         | This hairsplitting verges into dishonesty -- and is why people
         | increasingly distrust the scientific establishment.
        
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