[HN Gopher] Children of married parents do better, but America i...
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       Children of married parents do better, but America is moving the
       other way
        
       Author : rntn
       Score  : 174 points
       Date   : 2023-10-22 13:16 UTC (19 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.npr.org)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.npr.org)
        
       | Retric wrote:
       | Is it that marriage itself is beneficial or that people capable
       | of maintaining a relationship make better parents?
       | 
       | Divorce is significantly more common for bipolar, paranoid, and
       | schizophrenic people for example. So I think we need to look at
       | widows or something to control for those kinds of issues.
        
         | COGlory wrote:
         | I was wondering about that, too. The data are very clear: if
         | you grow up with married parents, you will do better. But,
         | should everyone be rushing off to get married, or is marriage
         | selective for people who will do better? Or is it partly
         | selective, and also partly forcing yourself to work through a
         | marriage makes you a better person?
        
           | hfuyf65 wrote:
           | Its effects may be more visible, because in previous
           | iterations society condemned children out of wedlock so data
           | on it was not as reliable. Naturally, potential solutions
           | would result in rather unwelcome dystopias that could be
           | encapsulates in a phrase 'oi you got loicense for those
           | kids?'
        
           | rawgabbit wrote:
           | It is a bit of all the above. People select marriage partners
           | who are trust worthy, stable, and not constantly looking for
           | excitement.
           | 
           | These same people, when they find a suitable spouse, are more
           | likely to tough it out when things get unpleasant in the
           | belief their spouse is fundamentally a good person.
           | 
           | In marriage just like at work, you don't judge someone by one
           | event. People may have a bad day. Or they are sick and not
           | themselves. Instead you should judge their actions over a
           | long period of time. If someone has always been there for
           | you, appreciated you and delivered what they promised, and
           | for some reason hurt you today; you are more likely to give
           | them the benefit of the doubt.
        
         | parsimo2010 wrote:
         | Possibly some of the poor outcomes are due to married people
         | being more likely to be able to sustain a stable relationship.
         | There are a lot of factors confounded with marriage, and it
         | doesn't seem like the author controlled for them (this is an
         | article about a book and not a peer reviewed study). She
         | explicitly mentioned that married couples are more likely to
         | have a better household income and that single moms are less
         | likely to have support from outside family members. So I
         | suspect that outcomes might be better for a single parent with
         | the income and family support the same as a married couple, but
         | that situation is rare. Similarly, if you forced two people to
         | get married and have kids when they didn't want to, those kids
         | probably aren't going to get the same benefit of growing up in
         | a married household.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | I wonder how much more we can add to this with
           | 
           | Divorce being more common now, but adding
           | 
           | Family sizes decreasing over time.
           | 
           | Families moving farther away and not able to support each
           | other as readily.
           | 
           | Fewer friends with kids reducing the number of potential
           | helpers with ones kids in time crunched/emergency situations.
        
         | rafaelmn wrote:
         | It's literally in the first paragraph :
         | 
         | >In the book, released last month, Kearney points out a rather
         | obvious fact: Children raised by two parents have a much higher
         | chance of success than those raised by one. Yet she goes even
         | further to argue that whether parents are married or not
         | impacts their children's success.
        
         | chomp wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > In the U.S., she says, unmarried adults who decide to live
         | together do it for a much shorter duration than in Europe.
         | Children in many of these households are more likely to
         | experience two or three parental partnerships by age 15.
         | 
         | Its a stability thing.
        
           | andyjohnson0 wrote:
           | > In the U.S., she says, unmarried adults who decide to live
           | together do it for a much shorter duration than in Europe.
           | 
           | Are there any theories about why this might be? The article
           | doesn't seem to follow this up.
        
             | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
             | Yeah, I'm also curious. Another commenter in this thread
             | blames individualism and inability to cope with minor
             | incompatibilities but I wonder if it's really true.
        
             | laurencerowe wrote:
             | I suspect this is a result of the tax system in the US
             | which is structured in a way that strongly incentivises
             | parents into marriage.
             | 
             | Europe generally taxes incomes individually and offers
             | parental leave to help when one of the parents is out of
             | the workforce with a baby. In the US there's just the
             | pooling of tax allowances.
             | 
             | For dual income households in very high cost of living
             | areas though you need to balance the benefits of pooling
             | tax allowances while only one of you is working with the
             | reduction in mortgage interest tax deduction (which has the
             | same maximum for both a married couple or unmarried single
             | filers.)
        
               | Racing0461 wrote:
               | > I suspect this is a result of the tax system in the US
               | which is structured in a way that strongly incentivises
               | parents into marriage.
               | 
               | the gain from married to Married filing separately is
               | insignificant.
        
               | laurencerowe wrote:
               | The gain is from married filing jointly while one partner
               | is not working. At $100k it roughly halves the income tax
               | you pay.
        
         | jkhdigital wrote:
         | Funny you mention that. I have four siblings, raised together
         | in a (mostly) traditional family, and all five of us have
         | children now. The only one who is not married is my
         | schizophrenic sister.
         | 
         | However, my late aunt was schizophrenic and stayed married for
         | her entire adult life, so who knows.
        
         | konschubert wrote:
         | On a slightly related note, why is it that one gets lynched on
         | twitter nowadays any time one brings up that "correlation
         | doesn't imply causation"?
        
           | mikrl wrote:
           | Are you sure there is a causative relation between bringing
           | it up and getting eviscerated?
           | 
           | Perhaps a third process correlates them.
        
           | pram wrote:
           | Because it has become a lazy thought terminating cliche since
           | people say it and then contribute nothing else of value.
        
             | konschubert wrote:
             | But what if the thoughts were dumb?
        
           | gemstones wrote:
           | Because it's on you to show what about the correlation makes
           | causation unlikely, and most people don't take that step. We
           | all know correlation isn't causation, that's trite and
           | obvious. Why wouldn't the correlation between married parents
           | and better child outcomes be causative?
        
         | mdorazio wrote:
         | Some bad answers (and non-answers) to your question here. There
         | are many studies on this with various conclusions worth
         | reading, example set [1]. At a high level, US marriages (and
         | potentially non-US long-term partnerships) bring stability,
         | additional economic support, an additional role model
         | (completely missing for boys growing up in a single mother
         | household), additional attention & emotional support at home,
         | and the ability to split parenting tasks as the need arises
         | (ex. dad goes to a school event because mom needs to work late,
         | or vice versa).
         | 
         | Also important to note is that parental attention has a large
         | impact on _academic_ outcomes of kids [2], so in single parent
         | households where the parent doesn 't have the time to provide
         | sufficient attention, the kids suffer at school compared to
         | their two-parent peers.
         | 
         | [1]
         | https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C44&q=two...
         | 
         | [2]
         | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00131911.2013.78...
        
         | xattt wrote:
         | Why not both?
         | 
         | All people, kids and adults, have a finite level of emotional
         | and mental energy that they have to "dispense" in everyday
         | life. If you are a couple that's dealing with marital strife,
         | this is emotional overhead that gets diverted to dealing with
         | that instead of your kids.
         | 
         | Same goes for kids. A child that's struggling to comprehend why
         | parents decided to leave each other will be using that
         | emotional energy to process it instead of focusing on personal
         | growth.
         | 
         | This is not taking into account the divorce process is costly,
         | with money diverted to lawyers, instead of being pooled and
         | applied to improve family life.
         | 
         | Also, persons who divorce early in a relationship may not have
         | taken the time to understand compatibility with each other, may
         | be emotionally immature and impulsive. The lack of insight
         | might be something that perpetuates into other aspects of their
         | life.
         | 
         | There are, obviously, relationship patterns where it takes a
         | long time for one partner to realize the other one has
         | gradually become more and more abusive and controlling, either
         | because they have low self-confidence or self-esteem. This
         | somewhat tracks the concept of emotional maturity, but this is
         | difficult to talk about as this form of framing puts the blame
         | onto the abused partner.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | >This is not taking into account the divorce process is
           | costly,
           | 
           | When parties choose not to fight, it's not near as costly.
           | This said there is a new set of costs incurred in creating
           | and managing two households in most cases.
        
         | danielschonfeld wrote:
         | This question is answered in the interview. She is saying that
         | a household with a stable long lasting relationship is what's
         | driving these better outcomes. She's also saying that in
         | _America_ marriage (unfortunately) seems to be the only way to
         | keep people together for a long while (long enough for a child
         | to not experience a parade of parents by the time they are 15
         | according to the article).
         | 
         | In my personal opinion. I think what she's stumbled on is yet
         | again proof of Americans hyper individuality rearing its ugly
         | face. The Europeans can stay together longer without the
         | marriage piece of paper because
         | 
         | 1) Selfishness derived from hyper individuality doesn't drive
         | people to nope out of relationships at the first sign of
         | minuscule problems or one side not getting their way
         | 
         | 2) Since over there not everything is an economical benefit
         | proposal people value the relationship with different metrics
         | than our countrymen and women do.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Again, both parents in a stable long lasting relationship are
           | capable of a stable long lasting relationship. Americans
           | being bad at this doesn't mean long term relationships are
           | the sole difference, though they likely do provide some
           | benefits it's not the total difference in populations.
           | 
           |  _" I don't know exactly what it is about marriage, but it is
           | a very practical matter," says Kearney, chafing at all the
           | criticism. "If you just look in the data, marriage is what
           | delivers kids a stable, long-term, two-parent household in
           | this country."_
           | 
           | The data is clear, however understanding the root causes is
           | important because it impacts what approaches are most useful.
           | If the relationships themselves are important the having a
           | high school class in maintaining healthy relationship could
           | be useful. If it's the broader issues then we need to address
           | those issues.
        
             | beej71 wrote:
             | I'd like to see a control on this. Is there a group of
             | people who thought they were married, but by bureaucratic
             | snafu actually weren't? Did they have different outcomes
             | than people who were really married?
        
               | Balgair wrote:
               | Widows/ers would also be a good control.
        
               | soeptical wrote:
               | Widows/ers may have some associated confounding factors
        
               | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
               | I'm sorry to be off-topic but _widows /ers_ just hurts my
               | eyes. Why not use a more elegant alternative, widow(er)s?
               | Even the uglier widow(s|ers) would be better.
        
               | kirubakaran wrote:
               | Or the gender neutral, invariant noun: "widowen"
               | 
               | BTW, shouldn't "widower" be the person who died and the
               | survivor be called "widowee"?
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | That may seem reasonable but widower is a man whose
               | spouse died. https://www.merriam-
               | webster.com/dictionary/widower
               | 
               | "Etymology Middle English _widewer_ , alteration of
               | _wedow_ widow, widower, from Old English _wuduwa_
               | widower; akin to Old English _wuduwe_ widow"
        
               | RulerOf wrote:
               | I'm sure there's a style guide out there that would
               | suggest using "The widowed."
        
               | ACow_Adonis wrote:
               | we have a concept in welfare and income stats called
               | equivalisation.
               | 
               | this is where we try to control for the positive material
               | externalities that come from sharing resources among
               | people. you dont have to buy two of everything if you
               | share, it's cheaper to add a room than obtain a whole
               | house and duplicate bathrooms + kitchens etc.
               | 
               | widows would fall afoul of this (in the sense that
               | they've lived with that advantage for most of their
               | lives), as well as obtain a likely wealth effect from
               | inheritance, but it wouldn't surprise me if the entirity
               | or majority of the marriage effect is largely just a
               | restatement of equivalisation + social transfers/safety
               | nets.
        
               | jncfhnb wrote:
               | If there are effects of marriage, it seems fairly obvious
               | that they are due to the explicit commitment that the two
               | people have made to each other, not the government's
               | tickbox.
               | 
               | Are you actually confused by this concept?
        
               | dijit wrote:
               | Let's tone down the aggressive comments please.
               | 
               | One large barrier to breakup is how much damage a breakup
               | will do and how much effort it entails.
               | 
               | If a break up is very easy then small insults will lead
               | to break up.
               | 
               | A marriage contract is.. a legal contract; thereby it can
               | be a barrier to a break up.
               | 
               | I have considered breaking up with my girlfriend before
               | yet the effort of splitting our things and ensuring that
               | she has a nice continuation of a place to live
               | comfortably has caused me to reevaluate if the reasons I
               | want to break up are good enough. That's all the parent
               | was suggesting. Does the marriage _contract_ have any
               | bearing on keeping people together.
        
               | withinboredom wrote:
               | In the US, only marriages are registered with the
               | government. So you can't really count long-term
               | relationships or even common-law marriages.
               | 
               | That's probably why that's all they're looking at. It's
               | the only thing that can be measured as a proxy for stable
               | relationships.
        
           | theGnuMe wrote:
           | Europe has a better social safety network and wants people to
           | have more kids.
        
             | mensetmanusman wrote:
             | Germany has the same fertility rate as Japan.
        
               | dangus wrote:
               | Sweden is a better example. Incredible parental support,
               | high birth rates compared to the rest of Europe.
               | 
               | (Personally, I don't think high birth rates are a good
               | thing. The long term survival of our species depends on
               | curtailing global population. But that's a different
               | subject.)
        
             | jokethrowaway wrote:
             | > and wants people to have more kids.
             | 
             | That doesn't seem to be the case. The last 60 years saw
             | plenty of anti family propaganda (same like in the US) and
             | the numbers confirm that trend.
             | 
             | The only people keeping the number of kids per family high
             | are immigrants from Africa / Middle East who haven't been
             | indoctrinated for 60 years.
        
               | dukeyukey wrote:
               | How many African and Middle Eastern immigrants do you
               | think the US currently has?
               | 
               | I'll give you a hint - it's quite a lot less than the
               | number of Mormons in the US. Who are a group
               | significantly whiter than the US general population, and
               | with higher birth rates to boot.
        
           | corethree wrote:
           | Yes hyper individuality is part of it. The other part of it
           | is gender equality. For most of human civilization genders
           | were not equal so both sexes evolved traits that are also
           | unequal.
           | 
           | The most glaring trait responsible for lack of marriage is
           | female hypergamy. Previously women being of generally
           | unequal/lower status then men and overall a smaller pool of
           | candidates (no online dating) would be forced to be more
           | egalitarian in mate selection. It was easy for a woman to
           | find a man who got paid more than them because this was most
           | men.
           | 
           | Now that women are doing better and having relatively more
           | equal pay with men hypergamy is rearing it's head in a more
           | pronounced fashion. Female selection preferences are much
           | more strict because if women are getting paid equally with
           | men then they must find men that are paid more as well and
           | this is obviously a much smaller pool than when women had no
           | jobs.
           | 
           | This along with exposure to the top men via online dating,
           | women can now match with the top men in the entire city
           | rather then the top men in her social circle. And this is
           | exactly what you see in the online dating statistics.
           | 
           | The top 20% of men match with the top 80% of women and the
           | bottom 20% of women match with the bottom 80% of men. I mean
           | as progressive as you want to be there's no denying what I'm
           | saying here as this data is just glaring. It spits in the
           | face of people who say otherwise as it's measuring current
           | dating behavior. Individualism is part of the story because
           | it does push for more power for women overall. But it is in
           | the end this individualism among women that is changing the
           | game in the US. But not just the US, other countries as well.
           | 
           | So what's going on is you have a few men who have an
           | abundance of choice. They're never going to settle because
           | when men have an abundance of choice they switch their mating
           | strategy from monogamy to harlem style polygamy. And then the
           | rest of the men have a much harder time finding anyone at
           | all.
           | 
           | This is actually more beneficial to women from certain
           | theoretical perspectives. In anthropology there's a saying
           | that monogamy benefits men while polygamy benefits women and
           | general female behavior shows it. Basically for the best
           | genes and resources, women generally prefer to "share" a top
           | alpha man with other women over being in an exclusive
           | monogamous relationship with a beta male.
           | 
           | Men on the other hand don't accept this strategy because they
           | are providers of resources. If a woman sleeps with another
           | man then the partner may end up raising and spending
           | resources on another mans child. Thus all men have intense
           | instincts to basically end an entire relationship once a
           | woman has a single sexual affair.
           | 
           | You can actually see how this behavior plays out in certain
           | countries like Japan where women are totally ok with their
           | husbands fucking prostitutes. As long as that man "loves"
           | them and is providing resources for them, fucking a
           | prostitute without love is totally ok for japanese women.
           | Source: https://www.youtube.com/shorts/i9qS5vDXLSI
           | 
           | Basically we live in an era of changing social norms and it's
           | accelerating natural selection. The majority of men born
           | today will not pass on their genes. Traits of alpha males
           | including height, confidence will be expressed to a greater
           | extent in future generations and it's possible for the trend
           | to continue roughly culling the bottom 80% of men out of the
           | evolutionary process.
           | 
           | Women are slowly getting the upper hand in terms of natural
           | selection, and for men to get the upper hand usually they
           | have to reintroduce monogamy back into the society as this
           | guarantees a mate for every man. Monogamy is the more
           | beneficial strategy to men overall because very few men can
           | actually benefit from polygamy just by the nature of the way
           | numbers work. Monogamous restrictions are pervasive enough
           | throughout human civilization that some women have even
           | evolved monogamous instincts via sexual selection as men
           | actually actively seek these traits out in women.
           | 
           | This is basically what's going on from the most scientific
           | point of view. It's not politically correct so a lot of
           | people vehemently disagree. Of course everything I say here
           | is speaking to a general truth. There are plenty of
           | exceptions but those exceptions do not negate the existence
           | of the general truth.
        
             | oasisaimlessly wrote:
             | One of your 20%'s was probably intended to be 80%.
             | 
             | That aside, yeah; we live in an interesting time. Sadly,
             | technological progress, equality, and monogamy are all
             | positively correlated, so despite some acceleration of
             | natural selection, this is surely a net negative for
             | society.
        
               | corethree wrote:
               | > One of your 20%'s was probably intended to be 80%.
               | 
               | corrected, thanks.
        
             | ckrapu wrote:
             | An assumption here is that attractive men both pair with
             | women at a higher rate and also have more children. I don't
             | see any reason that's the case - the very largest families
             | I am aware of in my extended social circle belong to men
             | who are not necessarily the greatest catches.
        
               | corethree wrote:
               | >An assumption here is that attractive men both pair with
               | women at a higher rate and also have more children. I
               | don't see any reason that's the case - the very largest
               | families I am aware of in my extended social circle
               | belong to men who are not necessarily the greatest
               | catches.
               | 
               | Three things.
               | 
               | 1. Attractive is not physical attraction. While men are
               | visual women have different criteria for attraction that
               | is much more multivariate. Wealth, confidence, looks,
               | power, personality. Generally, overall social status and
               | height are the two most consistent metrics for female
               | attraction preferences.
               | 
               | 2. What I'm describing is a recent phenomenon. A gradual
               | shift that we're seeing in the last decade or so, so
               | relationships established at the beginning of 2010 and
               | before tend to be more traditional/conservative.
               | 
               | 3. Birth control changes the game. Evolution manifests
               | procreation as both a conscious desire to have children
               | and as sexual urges from men and women. Thus I may be
               | incorrect here. It may be that thanks to birth control
               | alpha men may not spread their progeny as much and that
               | people in healthy monogamous relationships end up
               | creating the next generation as hook up culture
               | essentially is an evolutionary dead end with birth
               | control.
        
               | hadlock wrote:
               | > 2. What I'm describing is a recent phenomenon. A
               | gradual shift that we're seeing in the last decade or so,
               | so relationships established at the beginning of 2010 and
               | before tend to be more traditional/conservative.
               | 
               | There is room for considerable bias here;
               | 
               | 1. Most generations consider their immediate neighbors
               | more and less conservative, going back and forward
               | respectively
               | 
               | 2. People become more conservative with age; particularly
               | when major investments are in play such as a home
               | purchase and having children. It's a small coincidence
               | that children and mortgages both take about 20 years to
               | come to fruition.
        
               | corethree wrote:
               | >There is room for considerable bias here;
               | 
               | Agreed. But the issue with bias is that the biased person
               | is unable to visualize their own bias. They always think
               | the other party is biased. Unfortunately I believe that
               | out of both of us here, the bias actually lies with you
               | but you're unable to see it. Here's why:
               | 
               | >1. Most generations consider their immediate neighbors
               | more and less conservative, going back and forward
               | respectively
               | 
               | Yeah, but i'm not talking about that. I'm talking about a
               | general trend towards liberalism. The past decade brought
               | about a general liberal movement outside of the one where
               | people get more conservative with age.
               | 
               | That much is obvious. Society is shifting towards more
               | and more woke-ism, feminism which is good in some ways
               | but in other ways it's becoming extremist on those
               | fronts. It's so extreme that many of the liberal policies
               | in California are causing an exodus where people move to
               | more conservative states like arizona and texas.
               | 
               | >2. People become more conservative with age;
               | particularly when major investments are in play such as a
               | home purchase and having children. It's a small
               | coincidence that children and mortgages both take about
               | 20 years to come to fruition.
               | 
               | I'm talking Monogamy and polygamy. Not finances or
               | investments or law. For example in the 60s women sex
               | before marriage was not normal. Now a body count of 5+
               | among women before marriage is considered normal. But you
               | realize this has nothing to do with mortgages, children
               | or major investments.
               | 
               | The bias here lies with the fact that you see things
               | through the lens of politics. I'm talking about
               | anthropology and biology. It's human Behavior and
               | psychology... Not politics.
        
             | Racing0461 wrote:
             | You'll be downvoted on this website, but you spoke nothing
             | but facts.
             | 
             | ###
             | 
             | I'll sum this up.
             | 
             | The female's mating strategy is the dual mating strategy
             | (genetics vs resources). Historically women had to find
             | some balance in this (should i marry the prince or the
             | struggling artist - plot of tianic). Modern society
             | satifies the resources side of the equation (whether that
             | be overt welfare or covert welfare (getting a student loan
             | + going to college + paper pushing corporate job)), leaving
             | women the freedom to completely maximize the genetics side.
             | The men providing the genetics side has no incentive to
             | stick around to fulfill the resources side.
        
             | withinboredom wrote:
             | There are a metric shit ton of assumptions in here that I'm
             | not sure are true. The truth of the matter is that women
             | tend to work together and men... not so much. Once you see
             | the whole picture, I can see how you can see the world
             | through such a perverse lens.
             | 
             | Sadly, I'm about to hop off the train, but if someone
             | replies that they are interested, I'll provide a writup
             | that will surprise you.
        
               | corethree wrote:
               | None of what I said is assumed. It's well defined
               | theories of human behavior from both evolutionary
               | psychology and anthropology.
               | 
               | I am simply regurgitating academic facts. This is
               | markedly different from "assumptions."
        
           | throwaway2037 wrote:
           | U.S., Denmark, Sweden, and Finland all have roughly the same
           | divorce rates.
           | 
           | Source: https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/divorce-rate-
           | by-count...
        
         | WillAdams wrote:
         | I think that's it in a nutshell.
         | 
         | Divorce is also more common for selfish and self-centered
         | people, and I would argue that those traits do not make for
         | good parents. (which is not to say that a good person should
         | remain married to such a spouse --- arguably the only thing
         | worse than a good divorce is a bad marriage)
         | 
         | Ages ago, I worked at a school for boys, and one could pretty
         | much map negative trats of the parents to corresponding
         | unsocial behaviours on the part of the child.
        
           | ryandrake wrote:
           | > Ages ago, I worked at a school for boys, and one could
           | pretty much map negative trats of the parents to
           | corresponding unsocial behaviours on the part of the child.
           | 
           | My parents were both teachers, and it was a very commonly
           | held belief among teachers that you could predict a kid's
           | academic outcome reasonably well by simply learning about
           | their parent(s) behaviors and home life. Kids' academic
           | achievement has little to do with the quality of schools,
           | quality of teachers, wealth or poverty of the area, but has
           | everything to do with the positive and negative traits of
           | their parents.
        
             | toomuchtodo wrote:
             | I strongly agree with this, but it is an inconvenient truth
             | because everyone wants to search out good policy in the
             | domain space to improve outcomes. That is unfortunately
             | extremely challenging, as you can't fix broken parents. You
             | end up having to design systems to clean up the mess after
             | kids turn into adults, because there are limited mechanisms
             | to encourage better behavior from suboptimal parents.
             | 
             | (did a sustained stint as a volunteer guardian ad litem [1]
             | and occasionally provide advice to others performing the
             | work)
             | 
             | [1] https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/guardian_ad_litem
        
               | marcosdumay wrote:
               | > but it is an inconvenient truth because everyone wants
               | to search out good policy in the domain space to improve
               | outcomes
               | 
               | Just because something defines 90% of the result, it
               | doesn't mean you must just give-up and not work on that
               | remaining 10%.
               | 
               | The same applies to the luck vs. hard work problem people
               | keep missing the point about.
        
               | toomuchtodo wrote:
               | Never said to give up, but be realistic about the effort
               | to outcome improvement ratio. Universal school lunches
               | are an easy win [1], for example. With time and resources
               | having limits, target what provides the most value. Take
               | care of kids until they reach escape velocity.
               | 
               | [1] https://www.nycfoodpolicy.org/states-that-have-
               | passed-univer...
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | _Divorce is significantly more common for bipolar, paranoid,
         | and schizophrenic people for example_
         | 
         | is that really a significant factor? i'd think that the number
         | of people suffering from mental issues is a minority, and even
         | if in their group are more divorces, those should only be a
         | fraction of the total number of divorces.
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Yes, because either parent could have menial issues.
           | Especially when you include things like gambling addiction
           | which are also linked to divorce.
           | 
           | ~2.8% of the population has bipolar disorder. The odds that
           | one partner at the start of a relationship is bipolar should
           | be ~5.6%. 1% of the population is schizophrenic so ~2% of the
           | population. We aren't quite up to 7.6% of relationships just
           | from those 2 groups because there's overlap but it does
           | stack.
           | 
           | Granted I haven't done the research to pin down exact numbers
           | but higher rates of divorce operates in both directions. So
           | stable couples are healthier than average and divorced
           | couples are worse than average.
        
             | jamespo wrote:
             | Maybe nonstable are less likely to have relationships /
             | kids
        
               | somehnguy wrote:
               | Maybe, but over my 30 years every piece of anecdotal
               | evidence I've seen *and* the movie _Idiocracy_ says the
               | exact opposite.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | Sure, which is why you want actual real research.
               | 
               | Still something like 16-25% of the overall population has
               | some form of diagnosable mental illness, couples have 2
               | people, and divorced are more likely to have various
               | conditions. So the effect size would need to be huge for
               | this not to be relevant.
        
             | hadlock wrote:
             | Post a generality on HN and you're bound to get corrected
             | by the math police.
             | 
             | Most studies agree that bipolar disorder is not evenly
             | distributed across the sexes. Schizophrenia is roughly
             | equal but occurs for men before/during peak childbearing
             | years, and for women happens after.
        
               | Retric wrote:
               | > Most studies agree that bipolar disorder is not evenly
               | distributed across the sexes.
               | 
               | I don't think that actually impacts the statistics here
               | the way you think it would.
               | 
               | Suppose 2% of the population had X. If 1% of women had X,
               | ~3% of men would have X and therefore ~4% of couples
               | would.
               | 
               | Nailing down the differences in divorce rates, age of
               | onset, differences in rates of relationship formation,
               | etc are all worth considering. But my point was simply
               | it's significant not that I had calculated some exact
               | number.
        
         | badrabbit wrote:
         | Parents being formally committed to one another.
        
         | mensetmanusman wrote:
         | Obligatory note that it's unethical to do a real control
         | experiment at society wide levels, so we will never untangle
         | causation/correlation.
        
           | jgalt212 wrote:
           | natural experiments to the rescue!
        
           | Retric wrote:
           | Which is why I was suggesting widows, they should be more
           | directly comparable to single mothers after you correct for
           | income.
        
         | ACow_Adonis wrote:
         | I know Australia would provide a psuedo-natural experiment,
         | because of the family laws effectively making de-facto
         | relationships legally more or less equivalent of actual
         | marriage.
        
         | diogenescynic wrote:
         | Married people vs divorced probably have the same distribution
         | of mental illness. I think it has to due more with two incomes,
         | two parents attention/time/insights/wisdom to benefit from.
         | Maybe mom is good at math and dad is good at writing or
         | history. It seems like more is better when it comes to raising
         | a kid--hence the phrase 'it takes a village'. I bet if you did
         | a study that also counted how many other extended family
         | members are involved in the kid's life that would also show the
         | same correlation.
        
         | janalsncm wrote:
         | There's also the financial benefits of having two adults
         | sharing responsibility under one roof. Switching every weekend
         | doesn't scale.
        
       | tenebrisalietum wrote:
       | "Their book suggests that many women don't marry the father of
       | their child not because they reject the concept of marriage, but
       | because they do not see him as a reliable source of economic
       | security or stability."
       | 
       | Marriage is not a magical thing that fixes economic problems,
       | even if you want to keep turning the clock back and make certain
       | acts outside of marriage illegal. The only thing that fixes
       | economic problems is money.
       | 
       | "Kearney says she wants to grab the attention of both
       | conservatives who say they care about children's well-being and
       | progressives reluctant to talk about family structures, because
       | the link between single parenting, inequality and mobility in
       | America is too strong to deny."
       | 
       | Marriage is not a magical thing that creates good family
       | structures, and parents can be deadbeat parents even within a
       | marriage. It might give people motivation to stick around, but
       | families that "stick together for the children" can have A)
       | abuse, and B) the same sort of economic problems as unmarried if
       | one or both parents aren't working. What does enable good family
       | structures is support, provided by extended family or other
       | things.
        
         | hdjjhhvvhga wrote:
         | I would like to hear from people who downvote you their
         | reasons. In discussions such as these where nuances matter a
         | lot, a downvote (or upvote) is meaningless.
        
           | ryanklee wrote:
           | Dowbvotes could very well be because GP is putting words in
           | the paper's mouth. And not very good words either.
        
         | COGlory wrote:
         | >Marriage is not a magical thing that creates good family
         | structures, and parents can be deadbeat parents even within a
         | marriage. It might give people motivation to stick around, but
         | families that "stick together for the children" can have A)
         | abuse, and B) the same sort of economic problems as unmarried
         | if one or both parents aren't working. What does enable good
         | family structures is support, provided by extended family or
         | other things.
         | 
         | We're talking about _on average_ though. Those things might
         | happen, but only in a very small number of cases, and on
         | average forcing a marriage to  "work" might still be better.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | >and on average forcing a marriage to "work" might still be
           | better.
           | 
           | For the children yes, and in a time when you had little
           | information and were told it was your purpose in life to have
           | children this might have worked.
           | 
           | Today this is just going to lead people to say "Well, fuck
           | having children", and with the US child fertility rate at
           | 1.64 this seems to be the 'average' decision that has been
           | taken.
        
         | chadash wrote:
         | > Marriage is not a magical thing that fixes economic problems,
         | even if you want to keep turning the clock back and make
         | certain acts outside of marriage illegal. The only thing that
         | fixes economic problems is money.
         | 
         | Speaking as a parent, I'm not sure this is true. If I didn't
         | have my wife, then I would need to take twice as many sick days
         | for my kids, which would be very tough on my career. I wouldn't
         | have an extra salary (or if she didn't work, then a full time
         | person caring for my kids). I wouldn't have someone to split
         | school pickup/drop off with, which again would be very taxing
         | on my career. I'd still need the same amount of space in my
         | home with or without my wife. And all of this also means that
         | we have more time for child/parent interactions at home.
         | 
         | So yeah, I think there's huge benefits to having a spouse
         | around while raising kids.
        
           | Atheros wrote:
           | He talked about not having a marriage and you misread it as
           | not having a partner. That's a pretty severe misunderstanding
           | and I'm very curious what caused it.
        
       | bloopernova wrote:
       | America is moving the other way because all the wealth and power
       | has been sucked up by the 0.1% and a large majority are too
       | tired, stressed, and poor.
       | 
       |  _Everything_ stems from this.
       | 
       | Too much wealth tied up in the health insurance scam to switch to
       | single payer, so people stay bound to their employment, and they
       | can't afford time off or visits to the doctor because nothing is
       | completely covered anymore.
       | 
       | Too much wealth available to politicians and getting elected
       | requires massive funding, so already rich folk are the vast
       | majority of elected officials now. Which means they're completely
       | out of touch of what a poor person's life consists of nowadays.
        
         | christophilus wrote:
         | I'm not sure everything stems from this. Marriage was not just
         | for the wealthy and nobles in the Middle Ages, or in the 1800s
         | or in subsaharan Africa, etc.
         | 
         | If it's a matter of relative wealth disparity, there have been
         | plenty of eras (probably the majority of recorded human
         | history) in which the kings and nobles had a similar wealth gap
         | to their poorest married subjects as we see today between the
         | 1% and the 99%.
         | 
         | I'm not defending wealth disparity; simply suggesting there's
         | likely another cause for the marriage-rate collapse.
        
           | Mayzie wrote:
           | You can't survive or support a family with a single income
           | these days.. It's required for both partners to work.
        
             | pleoxy wrote:
             | Been doing it for more than 15 years.
             | 
             | Where there is a will, there is a way.
        
               | pylua wrote:
               | You certainly can, but going by the numbers most people
               | can't.
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | In what sense? Where are the people starving to death?
               | Most people seem to be able to do just fine on zero
               | incomes.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | Can't see the goalposts anymore, where are they?
        
               | thaumasiotes wrote:
               | >>>> You can't survive or support a family with a single
               | income these days.
        
               | Belopolye wrote:
               | The issue for most is likely student loans impacting
               | buying power.
        
               | kbelder wrote:
               | >can't
               | 
               | Won't. Some can't, but we can't tell how many.
        
             | bequanna wrote:
             | You absolutely can. Our family does and many of my friends
             | do. They aren't all wealthy people.
             | 
             | It isn't always a choice, but often it is. Many people can
             | live on one income but choose a lifestyle that requires
             | two.
        
               | 2devnull wrote:
               | Do you live in an area with high _international_ demand
               | for housing?
               | 
               | Not all of the US is a hot spot for high paid immigrants,
               | yet. Displacement is a real thing. Not everyone can
               | change states or nations to make the finances work out.
        
               | bequanna wrote:
               | Luckily in the US you can choose to live wherever you
               | want. If you're priced out of a neighborhood, you can
               | choose to live somewhere else.
               | 
               | You can also choose how many and why type of cars to
               | have, what food to eat, how much to spend on vacations,
               | etc.
               | 
               | Hell, you can even choose where and what you do for work!
               | What a country!
               | 
               | Many people will choose higher spending power with two
               | incomes rather than take a step down to live on one.
        
               | 2devnull wrote:
               | You are agreeing in a weird way. Yes, in America if you
               | live somewhere that other people want to live, then you
               | have to move or take on two incomes. That was my point,
               | that because US real estate has become an attractive
               | investment over the past decades and the growth and
               | current size foreign capital outweighs the average
               | American family's purchasing power which results in:
               | people resort to two incomes, wait to start families,
               | have fewer children when they do have children, etc...
        
               | gls2ro wrote:
               | I am not sure how it is in US but sharing a bit from my
               | perspective (living in EU):
               | 
               | The (mental) cost of moving is sometimes hard. Here are
               | only two main things:
               | 
               | - you lose your support system (friends, family)
               | 
               | - you lose your time (and maybe cost) saving
               | tricks/knowledge (where to go to buy things, medicine,
               | ...)
               | 
               | All these are not impossible to solve but they are way
               | harder for single parent family.
        
               | theGnuMe wrote:
               | You are free to live any where but most people live near
               | jobs. Great rhat you can get a 10k house in Detroit...
               | bad cause there are no jobs.
        
               | randomdata wrote:
               | _> bad cause there are no jobs._
               | 
               | Yet Detroit's unemployment rate is 3.8%. For comparison,
               | New York's unemployment rate is 4.6% and San Francisco's
               | unemployment rate is 4.0%.
        
               | c-cube wrote:
               | > You can also choose how many and why type of cars to
               | have
               | 
               | See that's an interesting example. In most places in the
               | US[^1] you have no realistic choice but to have at least
               | 1 car per adult in the household. That's not quite the
               | full extend of choice for "how many cars" one would wish
               | for.
               | 
               | > what food to eat
               | 
               | Have you heard of "food deserts"?
               | 
               | [^1] this is false in a few places that were not
               | bulldozed in the 1960s and still allow for non-car
               | centric life. These places tend to have very high cost of
               | living because they're desirable.
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | A few years back when I worked in a downtown office in a
               | suburban metro, my wife would often drop me off/pick me
               | up and then she'd have the car all day. Other times I'd
               | bike. When only one person works outside the home, you
               | have more flexibility.
               | 
               | We also lived in what was barely not a food desert at
               | that time, and we walked to the grocery store all the
               | time. "Food desert" can mean it takes 10 minutes to walk
               | to the store. Like for a low income urban census tract it
               | means 0.5 miles. We go on afternoon walks 3-5x that every
               | day.
        
               | Belopolye wrote:
               | Don't let the reality that this was in response to a
               | statement that implied a universal reality that it's
               | impossible to raise a family on a single income be lost
               | on you.
               | 
               | I'm the sole breadwinner, my wife and I have six kids,
               | and I don't make fantastic money for being a developer
               | ($60,000/year- took a haircut for this role for the 100%
               | work from home). We make it work.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | there is a hair in your comment that probably should not
               | be there...
        
             | liquidpele wrote:
             | To be fair, this is mostly a consequence of women entering
             | the workforce. Not that that's bad, but it's an unintended
             | consequence that companies were then able to convince
             | workers to work for less because people could survive on it
             | still.
        
               | actionfromafar wrote:
               | Yeah see I think that's part of the wealth being sucked
               | into the 0.1%
        
               | otteromkram wrote:
               | "To be fair..."
               | 
               | If you leave this out of your response, do you believe
               | that you're still conveying the same message?
               | 
               | I do.
        
               | foogazi wrote:
               | This assumes they competed for the same jobs, is that
               | true ?
               | 
               | Why didn't women entering the workforce lead to growth
               | and more jobs being created ?
        
               | liquidpele wrote:
               | Because it's not about the jobs, it's about what salary
               | people will settle for.
               | 
               | If a family had to make X to live comfortable before, now
               | you can do so with each of you making half that as long
               | as it adds up to X. People shouldn't settle for less, but
               | they do even if only a few percent... where before people
               | didn't to the same degree because it had more immediate
               | impact.
               | 
               | This in turn is one of the several market forces that has
               | contributed to deflated wages.
        
             | jollofricepeas wrote:
             | Exactly.
             | 
             | Manufacturing jobs used to exist.
             | 
             | Manufacturing jobs used to exist in high numbers.
             | 
             | Manufacturing jobs that didn't require a high school
             | education existed in high numbers.
             | 
             | Manufacturing jobs that paid well and provided a pension
             | and didn't require high education existed in high numbers.
        
             | bryanlarsen wrote:
             | That's an argument that should be _increasing_ the number
             | of dual parent households. If a family could be supported
             | on a single income, then abandoning your family would have
             | fewer consequences and thus seemingly more likely.
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | No, what you would expect to see is a drastic decrease
               | number in the number of children born. People are
               | choosing not to have families at all.
               | 
               | In late 1960 we peaked with somewhere around 47% of
               | households having children. It is now around 26%
               | 
               | In 1990 the number of married couples in the US started
               | to flatline even though the population is up 40% since
               | then.
        
             | AmericanChopper wrote:
             | A substantial reason for that is cultural change though.
             | You can't close to double the supply of something without
             | expecting the price to go down (probably by something close
             | to half).
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | > I'm not defending wealth disparity; simply suggesting
           | there's likely another cause for the marriage-rate collapse.
           | 
           | In the past that you're talking about, women were not allowed
           | to be independent, i.e., own property or obtain jobs that
           | could support a family. So women had little choice but to get
           | married.
           | 
           | As long as non-marriage is a realistic choice for women, the
           | marriage rates will never be as high as they were when
           | society made women subservient.
        
             | nec4b wrote:
             | >> In the past that you're talking about, women were not
             | allowed to be independent, i.e., own property or obtain
             | jobs that could support a family.
             | 
             | That is maybe half true or not true at all. Women could own
             | property and could be somewhat independent. Queen Elisabeth
             | owned a whole country in the 16th century. In general not
             | only women but men as well had a duty to their families and
             | had to do what their parents demanded of them. And marriage
             | was high on the list of things parents expected from their
             | children whether they were male or female.
        
               | otteromkram wrote:
               | I think the person you're replying to was using the US as
               | context (given the theme of the article), but you are
               | correct that in certain regions of the world, women's
               | rights to property ownership and inheritance were
               | protected.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > Queen Elisabeth owned a whole country in the 16th
               | century.
               | 
               | That's one women, and a strange example to cite, because
               | my comment was in response to a discussion about the
               | disparity of wealth ("kings and nobles had a similar
               | wealth gap to their poorest married subjects as we see
               | today between the 1% and the 99%). Obviously, queens have
               | no trouble raising successful children, but that doesn't
               | help anyone else in society. (It should be noted,
               | however, that Elizabeth I was the so-called "Virgin
               | Queen" who had no children.)
        
               | nec4b wrote:
               | >> That's one women, and a strange example to cite
               | 
               | Why? She an example of a very well known women completely
               | in charge of a future empire in the 16th century. I
               | thought it was clear there were also untold numbers of
               | ordinary women who were also completely in charge of
               | their own households from ancient times till modern age.
               | It is kind of hard to give an example of a woman nobody
               | would know.
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > I thought it was clear there were also untold numbers
               | of ordinary women who were also completely in charge of
               | their own households from ancient times till modern age.
               | 
               | I don't think that's clear.
               | 
               | As for recent history, here's some US labor force
               | participation data from 1948 to the present. Notice the
               | stark contrast at the beginning.
               | https://fredblog.stlouisfed.org/2021/03/women-in-the-
               | labor-f...
        
           | jollofricepeas wrote:
           | Well...
           | 
           | The reason for marriage collapse is lack of well paying
           | manufacturing jobs.
           | 
           | The American Economic Institute -
           | https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aeri.20180010
           | 
           | Brookings Institute study -
           | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-marriage-gap-the-
           | impa...
        
             | userinanother wrote:
             | Which might be fine if after that men went home and took
             | over traditional female tasks like cooking, cleaning and
             | childcare. But they didn't, and instead women ended up
             | bringing in the money and having to do everything else
             | while the husbands played video games and didn't
             | contribute. This resulted in women getting rid of the
             | husband so they didn't have an extra kid to take care of.
        
         | lvl102 wrote:
         | I find it ridiculous that healthcare is the greatest driver of
         | cost of living but no one does anything about it. Doctors and
         | nurses are overworked too. It's the biggest scam going right
         | now and all the politicians are in on it.
        
           | unnamed76ri wrote:
           | You can place the blame for both things on the federal
           | government.
           | 
           | 1. Obamacare was promised to save families $2500 per year.
           | Instead healthcare costs have predictably nearly doubled.
           | 
           | 2. A few decades ago the government actively discouraged
           | medical schools from enrolling enough would-be doctors
           | because they had a misguided belief that the country would
           | have too many.
        
             | lvl102 wrote:
             | PPACA was one of the biggest policy fails and put us at a
             | great competitive disadvantage. We were coming out of the
             | Great Financial Crisis and the Rust Belt desperately needed
             | manufacturing revival which the likes of Walmart forced
             | abroad. At least some of that is reversing.
        
           | userinanother wrote:
           | CPI says it's 8% of your basket. Thats obviously not true
        
         | seaman1921 wrote:
         | nice excuse for not being able to maintain relationships. Going
         | by your logic, maintaining one in poorer countries should be
         | impossible
        
           | pylua wrote:
           | I suspect there are other complicating factors in western
           | cultures that may but additional stress on relationships,
           | including blaming yourself instead of the environment for
           | your situation.
        
           | aaomidi wrote:
           | Being an average person in a poor country is very different
           | from being poor in a rich country.
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | very much this. in "poor countries" people can have a
             | lifestyle that matches their income, and they can survive
             | on that. yes, many struggle, and they all would like to
             | have a better life, but most can at least find an
             | affordable place to live and don't go hungry.
             | 
             | the problem in "rich countries" is that affordable places
             | to live are missing. so being poor without government
             | support to pay for a home causes you to be homeless.
        
         | threeseed wrote:
         | > Everything stems from this.
         | 
         | Almost everything.
         | 
         | One issue is that although most Western countries have Paid
         | Parental Leave (except for US) pregnancy still puts women at a
         | career disadvantage. Because companies can sometimes find out
         | that either (a) the person's role was unnecessary or (b) their
         | replacement is better.
         | 
         | And so especially for women in senior positions it's just not
         | worth the risk.
         | 
         | Another is around the cost and availability of child care.
         | Current global shortage is a real issue.
        
           | em-bee wrote:
           | so effectively that means that children themselves are a
           | career disadvantage, which is a problem in itself that needs
           | to be addressed because we can't sustain a society where
           | having children is a negative.
           | 
           | the equality part of the issue could be addressed with men
           | getting equal parental leave, but it doesn't solve the actual
           | problem.
           | 
           | we really need to support parenting more, deemphasize the
           | importance of career and emphasize the importance of having
           | children.
        
         | unnamed76ri wrote:
         | Everything does not stem from wealth inequality. Almost-
         | everything wrong in US culture stems from selfishness. Which
         | would include things you talked about. But it also includes
         | people making selfish choices that bring about the end of their
         | marriages (affairs, career, addictions).
        
           | FrustratedMonky wrote:
           | ? So the wealth inequality right?
           | 
           | How do you think the wealthy got wealthy without selfishness?
           | 
           | You seem to be implying that it isn't the inequality, but
           | that all those poor people should stop being selfish.
           | 
           | If only those poor people would stop being selfish, the
           | wealth inequality wouldn't be a problem.
           | 
           | LOL.
        
             | hirundo wrote:
             | Wealth follows a Pareto distribution, and there are many
             | Pareto distributions of things that are not caused by
             | selfishness.
             | 
             | https://www.thelangelfirm.com/debt-collection-defense-
             | blog/2...
             | 
             | If selfishness isn't a good general explanation for Pareto
             | distributions, is there a reason that it's particularly
             | explanatory for wealth distribution?
        
               | wenebego wrote:
               | They are choosing to further enrich themselves past what
               | any single person can consume, instead of helping those
               | around them, the definition of selfishness.
        
               | hirundo wrote:
               | You could get the same distribution if everyone is
               | assigned a random amount of selfishness regardless of
               | wealth, but some people are better at achieving their
               | selfish goals than others, or just luckier. How could
               | someone know that the result is primarily due to non-
               | uniform selfishness?
               | 
               | You could measure selfishness in small experimental
               | scenarios and try to correlate it with the wealth of the
               | subjects. Does that evidence exist?
        
               | wenebego wrote:
               | I never claimed that.
        
             | unnamed76ri wrote:
             | You seem to be looking for an argument that I don't care to
             | be invited to.
        
             | 2devnull wrote:
             | "How do you think the wealthy got wealthy"
             | 
             | Most inherit it. Then lose it. That's the typical path of
             | wealth. Rarely, it's amassed by someone who starts with
             | little. Here these people, the ones who create rather than
             | squander wealth, are called "selfish" often by the wealth
             | squanderers, the children of abundance.
        
           | jjtheblunt wrote:
           | Some things stem from wealth inequality.
        
             | 2devnull wrote:
             | Name one thing.
        
               | jjtheblunt wrote:
               | In the US, nutrition
        
               | theduder99 wrote:
               | food stamps can be used to buy nutritious food
        
               | jjtheblunt wrote:
               | Agreed but food stamps are finitely available per unit
               | time, whereas wealthy people could be considered availed
               | of far far more food stamps per unit time.
        
             | jollofricepeas wrote:
             | Wealth inequality means less well-paying jobs for the lower
             | class.
             | 
             | Specifically, less high paying manufacturing (labor) jobs.
             | 
             | There's lot of studies that show that marriage rates have
             | decreased because of...
             | 
             | - the decrease in union power
             | 
             | - globalization (offshoring)
             | 
             | - technological innovation
             | 
             | Read them here:
             | 
             | American Economic Institute -
             | https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aeri.20180010
             | 
             | Brookings Institute -
             | https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-marriage-gap-the-
             | impa...
        
           | uoaei wrote:
           | Having travelled a fair bit, I can tell you that economic
           | insecurity breeds a culture of selfishness, not the other way
           | around. Where people are not economically precarious, there's
           | almost no culture of trying to get one up on those around
           | you. It's when you're scared of falling behind that you
           | struggle so hard to keep yourself ahead.
           | 
           | Wealth inequality is strongly correlated but ultimately not
           | the root cause -- it is rather _precarity_ that causes many
           | of our social ills.
        
         | pylua wrote:
         | I strongly agree with this. It's unbelievable to me that no
         | media outlet can reach this conclusion.
        
         | dietsche wrote:
         | This argument is non sequitor. If wealth inequality was the
         | problem, couples would be forced by economics to work together
         | to bring in more together than they could separately and to
         | share resources like housing to reduce costs.
        
           | FrustratedMonky wrote:
           | You think this isn't happening?
           | 
           | The problem is now even dual incomes are not enough. So when
           | squeezed, guess what, people get stressed and start
           | crumbling.
        
           | actionfromafar wrote:
           | Yes, if people are perfectly spherical economic machines.
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | From the article:
           | 
           | > many women don't marry the father of their child not
           | because they reject the concept of marriage, but because they
           | do not see him as a reliable source of economic security or
           | stability.
           | 
           | If you think of marriage as purely a business partnership,
           | would you go into business with someone who is unreliable?
           | 
           | It's better to be a sole proprietorship than have your entire
           | business brought down by a bad partner, where both partners
           | are liable for the bad partner's actions and decisions.
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | the partnership started the moment they decided to have a
             | child. so why even have a child with someone who is
             | unreliable?
        
               | lapcat wrote:
               | > the partnership started the moment they decided to have
               | a child.
               | 
               | Assuming they "decided".
               | 
               | > so why even have a child with someone who is
               | unreliable?
               | 
               | Because you want a child? Sperm donor.
        
               | angmarsbane wrote:
               | Because women have a limited window to have children and
               | have to work with the options available. A woman can't
               | put off kids indefinitely waiting for partners to
               | stabilize financially, emotionally etc.
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | that window is at least 20 years wide. if it's not
               | possible to find a reliable partner in that time then the
               | world is in a very sorry state.
               | 
               | i accept that it can be difficult, and that people can be
               | blinded by love but if i already know that a person is
               | unreliable enough that i don't want to marry them, then
               | why have a child from them?
        
         | rychco wrote:
         | I think the blame can be squarely placed on the cost of
         | housing.
        
         | pleoxy wrote:
         | You don't buy a marriage. If you try you are doing it wrong.
         | 
         | Finances are a component of marriage, not the driver.
        
           | hirundo wrote:
           | Finance used to be the driver of marriage, and now that it is
           | less so there are fewer marriages.
        
             | pleoxy wrote:
             | Till layoff do us part.
             | 
             | How could I miss that it's fundamentally part of everyone's
             | martial vows?? /S
             | 
             | Marriage is about love, companionship, and children.
             | Particularly because of children there will always be a
             | significant economic component. But it's not the driver,
             | it's a supporting component.
        
         | jollofricepeas wrote:
         | Actually...
         | 
         | You're right.
         | 
         | Wealth inequality means less jobs for the lower class.
         | Specifically, less high paying manufacturing (labor) jobs.
         | 
         | There's lot of studies that show that marriage rates have
         | decreased because of...
         | 
         | - the decrease in union power
         | 
         | - globalization (offshoring)
         | 
         | - technological innovation
         | 
         | Read them here:
         | 
         | American Economic Institute -
         | https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/aeri.20180010
         | 
         | Brookings Institute - https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-
         | marriage-gap-the-impa...
        
         | throwaway5Am1k wrote:
         | At some point, you need to stop blaming (or giving power to)
         | others for your situation, and take control for your own
         | wellbeing. Who you marry is well within your control, and not
         | the 0.1%. Take some responsibility, it's a good first step to
         | improving your, and your community's situation.
         | 
         | >Everything stems from this.
         | 
         | No, not it doesn't. If you think that wealth distribution is
         | the cause of all of today's problems, you need to do more
         | exploration.
        
         | nec4b wrote:
         | >> Everything stems from this.
         | 
         | And how do you explain how very poor countries where the top 1%
         | have wealth comparable to wealthy American peers and 99% of the
         | country has less income American middle class had 100 years ago
         | and they have no problems with marriages?
        
           | kthejoker2 wrote:
           | What rights do women have in those country? Can they vote?
           | Drive? Get abortion? Get birth control?
           | 
           | Do they have marital rape laws? Domestic abuse laws? Do they
           | have no fault divorce laws?
           | 
           | How do they handle common law property? Custody laws?
           | Parental rights?
           | 
           | What education do they provide to young women? What
           | institutions do they have supporting female financial
           | independence?
           | 
           | What role does organized religion and specifically church
           | leadership play in the day to day lives of women?
           | 
           | The answer to your question is culture. Wealth simply fuels
           | culture, it is not the source of it.
        
             | nec4b wrote:
             | So in short I guess you agree not everything stems from
             | wealth inequality.
        
       | kibwen wrote:
       | _> Kearney says she 's not advocating that children live in a
       | household filled with marital tension or where parents are
       | unhappy or mistreating each other._
       | 
       | Then what is the proposed solution? Pointing out the problem is
       | the easy part. But if you want more people to be married, and if
       | they're currently choosing not to get married, then you need to
       | either force them to get married against their will
       | (institutionalized shotgun marriages) or incentivize them to get
       | married by offering benefits to married couples. The former
       | produces miserable, abusive marriages and traumatized children.
       | And as for the latter, as a country we're _already_ utterly
       | incapable of allocating funding for the aid of childrearing--
       | where 's the guaranteed maternity/paternity leave? where's the
       | socialized childcare?--so pardon me if I don't quite see that
       | solution as politically feasible.
        
         | mhb wrote:
         | A good first step would be to first remove economic
         | disincentives such as tax penalties and reductions in benefits.
        
           | hfuyf65 wrote:
           | Or.. remove benefits.
        
         | pierat wrote:
         | > Then what is the proposed solution? Pointing out the problem
         | is the easy part.
         | 
         | This is not a position paper. This paper is a finding of fact.
         | 
         | Demanding that they must advocate something is an anathema to
         | proper science.
         | 
         | And, saying that "pointing out the problem is the easy part"
         | indicates to me you're not in the sciences. It's laughable,
         | even.
        
           | em-bee wrote:
           | solving problems is just as important as finding them. the
           | parent comment may be unfair for dismissing the finding of a
           | problem as the easy part, but they are absolutely right in
           | asking how do we solve this.
           | 
           | so let's be more constructive and explore possible solutions
           | to this problem as well, and not just argue about the problem
           | itself.
           | 
           | i do agree that the political landscape in the US makes
           | addressing this problem difficult. the only option i see is
           | to develop grassroots support for this issue by changing
           | peoples opinions on the need to support parenting and having
           | children.
        
         | Spivak wrote:
         | You don't get it, maternity leave and socialized childcare is
         | the devil talking. The downfall of society is because the
         | liberal agenda to brainwash our our women and kids, the former
         | with feminism making them think they can do things other then
         | be homemakers, and the latter because those families with
         | working women have to send their kids to childcare where
         | they're taught collectivism, normalized sexual deviancy, and to
         | disrespect their parents. /s
        
           | zpeti wrote:
           | Ok, this is one end of the sarcastic stereotype, but the
           | other end is that:
           | 
           | No one needs to take responsibility anymore, live life to the
           | full, have sex with 200 people, take drugs and experiment,
           | and eventually at 40 try and have a child with IVF because at
           | that point that's your only shot. If you don't like who you
           | had it with after 5 years, just leave them, it's fine. Oh and
           | then pass off your children's moral social education to bad
           | schools.
           | 
           | That's also not a good plan. Neither is the one you talked
           | about, but society definitely needs to find a golden middle
           | ground, because something is really bad right now. The
           | progressive liberal path really doesn't work in the long run.
        
           | ndriscoll wrote:
           | People might not feel that way if you didn't belittle
           | homemakers (or do we need movements to let people know they
           | can do things other than be doctors/lawyers/whatever
           | profession you view as high status?)
           | 
           | A more equitable solution than socialized childcare that
           | recognizes that homemaker is a valuable job that lots of
           | women (50% of those with children) would prefer to do would
           | be to increase the refundable child tax credit. Then you
           | could use that money for hired childcare or to "hire
           | yourself" as a caretaker according to your preference
           | (obviously men could also be the homemaker if that's what the
           | couple wants).
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | At the end of the day I'd say even talking about homemakers
             | doesn't matter as much as you think.
             | 
             | People in general like the addition economic freedom from
             | making more money. Even starting at WWII women started
             | working in huge numbers in the US and that number has
             | increased ever since. The sending the money back in tax
             | credits barely works in a single income house because the
             | otherside in the massive increase of available workers in
             | the US is the massive inflation of assets. When one person
             | works solely to afford a house, the other person can't take
             | a break to have a child. Now add in the out of control
             | costs of healthcare tied to your job no one in the younger
             | generation is going to want to have a child.
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | Maybe, but anecdotally, despite the zeitgeist of the last
               | 10 years claiming otherwise, my wife and I both raised in
               | middle class suburbs of different parts of red-state
               | Arizona both internalized the message growing up that
               | girls not working was an anachronism that only
               | Mormons/Catholics still stuck to (and that it was
               | "oppressive" or weird). It's so ingrained in the
               | middle/upper middle class that people can't even see it.
               | e.g. this article from Yale[0]:
               | 
               | > Despite efforts to promote gender equality in
               | occupations and professions, many women still choose to
               | stay at home or work part-time. In the United States, for
               | example, a 2015 Gallup survey found that more than half
               | of women with children under age 18 would prefer to stay
               | at home over working outside the home. Also, nearly 40
               | percent of women without children under age 18 indicated
               | that they preferred the homemaker role.
               | 
               | Let the phrasing sink in. Despite efforts, women still
               | _prefer_ that role. It 's quite clear from context that
               | their _preference_ is _wrong_.
               | 
               | As far as economics goes, people wildly overstate how
               | unachievable it is. Having a stay-at-home parent is not
               | something reserved for the 1%, and in fact many poorer
               | people do it for economic reasons. People have been
               | taught not to want it, so they don't try to figure out
               | how to make it work.
               | 
               | [0] https://archive-yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/more-
               | women-stay-...
        
               | pixl97 wrote:
               | And conversely why is there no counter for men being stay
               | at home rather than women? Other than a few month around
               | the time of childbirth there is little reason for the
               | woman to be the stay at home partner.... this is why I
               | doubt the motivation behind the people saying "oh its
               | just women's preference" since surely some sizable
               | portion of men would also like to have this option.
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | There has been some progress in that area over the last
               | 30 years; the percent of stay-at-home dads has ~doubled,
               | and now 18% of stay-at-home parents are dads, up from 11%
               | 30 years ago[0]. There are certainly people pushing to
               | normalize SAHDs in addition to calling for gender parity
               | with paternity leave.
               | 
               | That said, women are still almost 2x likely to prefer
               | homemaking[1] even with the social engineering, and I
               | suspect women's preferences are _stronger_ than men 's
               | (e.g. I think it would be nice to be a SAHD, and I'd
               | prefer it over outside work, but we probably wouldn't be
               | together if my wife weren't the SAHM). So as a man you
               | have to be prepared to accept that that's how the world
               | is. Someone has to bring in money, and it'll probably be
               | you.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.pewresearch.org/short-
               | reads/2023/08/03/almost-1-...
               | 
               | [1] https://news.gallup.com/poll/267737/record-high-
               | women-prefer...
        
               | em-bee wrote:
               | _Other than a few month around the time of childbirth
               | there is little reason for the woman to be the stay at
               | home partner._
               | 
               | i think breastfeeding is still a significant factor for
               | the first year at least. working while breastfeeding can
               | be a challenge.
        
             | mvncleaninst wrote:
             | > A more equitable solution than socialized childcare that
             | recognizes that homemaker is a valuable job
             | 
             | It isn't a valuable job, economically speaking. It's an
             | anachronism and essentially a luxury for couples where one
             | parent makes enough to support the entire household. Not
             | only this, but it essentially puts all of the pressure on
             | the working parent to economically hold up the household
             | 
             | The cases where it economically makes sense are practically
             | nonexistent in 2023
        
               | ndriscoll wrote:
               | It's viable and modern enough that over 25% of women do
               | it [0]. And there's a wide spectrum of people who make
               | that choice. There's a large amount of parents that take
               | on that role because their alternatives (e.g. retail jobs
               | or gig work) would leave them in a worse position after
               | paying for childcare, but no one's claiming retail work
               | is not economically viable. Though if I had to make a
               | judgement, I'd say raising your children full-time is
               | more valuable work than e.g. Instacart or Starbucks,
               | which are both luxuries.
               | 
               | Honestly I don't know how you could even make an economic
               | statement about it that doesn't boil down to a tautology
               | unless you're also willing to say e.g. teachers aren't an
               | economically valuable job.
               | 
               | [0] https://www.pewresearch.org/short-
               | reads/2023/08/03/almost-1-...
        
         | shrimp_emoji wrote:
         | The solution is to grow people in pods and raise them in
         | barracks-creches. Our legacy biology will only continue to
         | diverge from our environment over time.
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | Just rewatched the matrix, if we accomplish what you say, we
           | are right on track to match the timeline of 2200.
        
         | tomjen3 wrote:
         | That adults grow up, realise that they now have a
         | responsibility to each other and to their child.
         | 
         | If that is not possible, then the solution is not to have
         | children, which is a 100% fair choice.
        
         | mannyv wrote:
         | You don't need a solution when you point out a problem.
         | 
         | I've found this attitude in a lot of people. I think it's
         | designed to shut down ideas that they don't like. At least that
         | tends to happen.
         | 
         | Describing a problem builds awareness. It's the first step to a
         | solution. Insisting on a solution is just another way of
         | ignoring a problem.
        
           | foogazi wrote:
           | Agree - a problem without a solution is still a problem
        
         | briHass wrote:
         | The other option, which was the one traditionally used, is
         | strong social pressure favoring marriage and stigmas against
         | divorce. We can recognize that it's an unfortunate reality that
         | will occur, while still not normalizing or glorifying it.
        
           | pixl97 wrote:
           | I think this is the incorrect other option.
           | 
           | The other option we are seeing now is _women in general will
           | greatly reduce or stop having children_.
           | 
           | Couple this in with two members of a family required to work
           | to afford housing and healthcare the entire entire
           | traditionalist appeal is going to fall apart due to complete
           | unworkability.
        
         | huytersd wrote:
         | Or you just take away the reason most men don't want to get
         | married (atleast without a prenup). Get rid of alimony, no
         | child support if the father declines when the mother is
         | pregnant before 3 months, get rid of no fault divorce, cheating
         | by the dependent spouse means that spouse automatically
         | forfeits their share of the money.
        
         | Racing0461 wrote:
         | I think at the very least we should end all welfare causing
         | perverse inventives in the family and see where the system
         | settles.
         | 
         | But im afraid pandora's box has been opened and i don't see a
         | way to fix this that doesn't involve alot of people losing
         | rights/individualism (which im opposed too).
        
         | meheleventyone wrote:
         | Even the problem is misidentified. Marriage is only a proxy for
         | the things that are important. That's important to identifying
         | a solution as you get boneheaded solutions like 'give men more
         | power over women so they can't leave marriages'. Rather than
         | the entirely sensible ones you mention.
        
       | hfuyf65 wrote:
       | Anecdote incoming. Usual disclaimers apply. I genuinely am not
       | sure what true numbers are.
       | 
       | Couple#1
       | 
       | They are married for a good while with three kids. He is a cop in
       | Chicago; she has semi-random kid watching gigs. While it did not
       | happen, they did openly discuss strategic divorce to ease their
       | financial situation.
       | 
       | Couple#2
       | 
       | She works corpo job. He works a cash only contracting job. They
       | are married in every sense, but legally. Two kids. She would not
       | marry for fear of losing existing benefits.
       | 
       | ###
       | 
       | There are some benefits to being married, but the 'benefits of
       | kids while not married' outweigh those. And you can't argue
       | against those cuz then you are taking food away from the hungry.
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | what are those benefits you speak of? and why are they
         | structured in such a way that it benefits those not legally
         | married?
         | 
         | in austria/germany at least what matters is household income.
         | if you live together you get supported together. being married
         | has no disadvantage.
        
           | hfuyf65 wrote:
           | Some of what I am about to say is state specific ( in my case
           | IL ), so take this into consideration. Income is a
           | consideration for any help. Married couple will have higher
           | documented income, while unmarried cohabiting couple won't.
           | In other words, single parent ( on paper ) will claim a child
           | and with lower income have a better chance of being in the
           | low enough income bracket.
           | 
           | I have zero idea how common that situation is though, but I
           | know someone who structures their life around snap benefits (
           | or whatever they are called now ) and its kinda ridiculous,
           | because her monthly benedit is on par with our family's
           | grocery budget. I struggled not to report it as fraud ( the
           | person in question is not poor; they are using - abusing?-
           | the system ).
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | _Married couple will have higher documented income, while
             | unmarried cohabiting couple won 't_
             | 
             | that seems to be the problem then. i think generally,
             | hiding the income of a divorced partner is difficult so
             | making your first scenario less likely in many places.
             | 
             | and the other case would also require one partner to
             | maintain credible evidence that they actually live apart
             | and do not support each other. where i come from this is
             | not easy to do.
             | 
             | if you live in an area where this is possible then that's a
             | disappointing state of local legislation.
             | 
             | either way i doubt there is a large number of people doing
             | this. at least i hope not. and it may as well be considered
             | fraud.
             | 
             | i wouldn't bother reporting it though, because it is not
             | going to improve your own life.
        
       | BaculumMeumEst wrote:
       | "Kearney says she wants to grab the attention of both
       | conservatives who say they care about children's well-being and
       | progressives reluctant to talk about family structures, because
       | the link between single parenting, inequality and mobility in
       | America is too strong to deny."
       | 
       | She doesn't need to grab the attention of conservatives because
       | her findings already support their pre-existing beliefs, like it
       | says earlier in the article. I get the feeling she felt like she
       | needed to phrase this very delicately.
        
         | kibwen wrote:
         | _> She doesn 't need to grab the attention of conservatives
         | because her findings already support their pre-existing
         | beliefs_
         | 
         | Not quite, because the other solution to the problem is giving
         | people access to sexual education and birth control so that
         | they can decide to have children only _after_ they find someone
         | they 're willing to marry, which are so famously contrary to
         | conservative beliefs that they've based 40 years of political
         | campaigning around their opposition.
        
         | tetromino_ wrote:
         | I suspect her findings that _the gender of the married parents
         | is irrelevant, the thing that matters is whether or not they
         | are married_ is the part that conservatives are unwilling to
         | accept.
        
           | BaculumMeumEst wrote:
           | that is a good point
        
       | sneed_chucker wrote:
       | The system of marriage in the United States was built around
       | social and economic assumptions that largely don't hold anymore.
        
         | DangitBobby wrote:
         | Maybe it will be rebuilt around the belief that it's a better
         | environment for child rearing.
        
           | hotpotamus wrote:
           | Or perhaps people will decide that childrearing is too much
           | effort in addition to all the other pressures put upon them
           | and birthrates will continue to fall. Perhaps South Korea and
           | Japan are examples.
        
       | lapcat wrote:
       | It appears that marriage and money are inextricably bound. After
       | all, Melissa Kearney is an economist. And of course the success
       | of children is related to the wealth and education of their
       | parents. The article mentions money many times:
       | 
       | > Kearney notes that families headed by a single mother are five
       | times more likely to live in poverty than families headed by a
       | married couple.
       | 
       | > Most single mothers start from behind; they're less likely to
       | have a college education or a high income. Single motherhood is a
       | lot less prevalent in higher-educated women.
       | 
       | > Data also shows that many single mothers don't have help from
       | any other adult, like a grandparent or other family member. That
       | means it's mom who both supports the family financially and
       | serves as the primary caregiver.
       | 
       | > many women don't marry the father of their child not because
       | they reject the concept of marriage, but because they do not see
       | him as a reliable source of economic security or stability.
       | 
       | This doesn't look like a "moral" problem (family values, yadda
       | yadda). It looks more like a monetary problem.
        
         | jkhdigital wrote:
         | As with nearly all of social science, we can't really run the
         | controlled experiments necessary to determine if this is a
         | causal relationship. Just because it looks like a "monetary
         | problem" does not mean that throwing money at it will fix
         | anything.
        
           | lapcat wrote:
           | > Just because it looks like a "monetary problem" does not
           | mean that throwing money at it will fix anything.
           | 
           | There's a grain of truth and a grain of falsity to this
           | statement. It's true that indiscriminately "throwing" money
           | doesn't necessarily fix monetary problems. On the other hand,
           | it seems unlikely that the problem can be solved without
           | addressing the economic conditions that seem to have created
           | it. Certainly, lecturing people about "family values", which
           | has been happening for many decades, hasn't fixed anything.
        
           | bsder wrote:
           | As people have pointed out, contrasting widowers is a good
           | control group.
        
         | bsder wrote:
         | > This doesn't look like a "moral" problem (family values,
         | yadda yadda). It looks more like a monetary problem.
         | 
         | Lower socioeconomic classes have less resource. Less resource
         | means children do worse. Calling Captain Obvious.
         | 
         | Presumably, if a father was pulling his economic weight, the
         | mother _would marry him_. The issue is that a male in a lower
         | socioeconomic class is likely not pulling his own weight due to
         | a lack of jobs.
         | 
         | So, if you want more marriage, improve the job prospects for
         | the lower socioeocnomic classes that make up big chunks of the
         | population.
        
       | jkhdigital wrote:
       | The article really doesn't answer that clickbait headline, but it
       | seems analogous to "Why Jews earn so many PhDs". It's mostly
       | culture, which is a tangled and recursive process that can't be
       | deconstructed into some government funded social programs.
        
       | jqpabc123 wrote:
       | Proof that we need more "family values"; more religious
       | conservatism?
       | 
       | This is what a lot of people seem to believe --- people who've
       | never bothered to look at the actual evidence --- or who refuse
       | to accept it once they see.
       | 
       | A detailed county by county survey of the entire country shows
       | that the most religious and conservative parts of the country
       | have higher divorces rates by far.
       | 
       | Getting married in the Bible Belt and giving money to the church
       | seems to *create* a lot of one parent families.
       | 
       | https://sites.utexas.edu/contemporaryfamilies/2014/01/16/imp...
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | we do need more family values, but religious conservatism is
         | not that. we also need equality between women and men, and that
         | is where conservatism gets in the way. i suspect that lack of
         | equality is what's driving most divorces in those conservative
         | areas because women no longer allow themselves to be treated as
         | being lesser than men, so they stand up for themselves and the
         | conservative men can't handle that.
        
           | em-bee wrote:
           | it appears that some people disagree with my comment. but i
           | do not understand why.
           | 
           | am i misunderstanding what conservatism is?
           | 
           | or do people disagree with the idea of equality between men
           | and women?
           | 
           | or with the idea that valuing family more would be better?
        
             | fisttrain wrote:
             | your comment seems to be an opinion with no actual merit
             | behind it stated as fact.
        
         | theduder99 wrote:
         | that study's numbers make no sense. Looks like a hit job on
         | southern conservatives. Try this:
         | https://www.forbes.com/advisor/legal/divorce/divorce-statist...
        
           | jncfhnb wrote:
           | Your link states that evangelicals have the highest divorce
           | rate out of any religion.
           | 
           | Further, southern states do generally experience more divorce
           | than areas like New England and CA.
        
             | pixl97 wrote:
             | Growing up in a southern evangelical environment I can say
             | anecdotally this is no surprise. When one side of a
             | partnership considers themselves their peers better it
             | leads to a path that ends in divorce.
        
       | dcre wrote:
       | This article is far too generous to the argument. Matt Bruenig's
       | analysis will likely appeal to some here.
       | 
       | https://mattbruenig.com/2023/09/20/doing-the-marriage-thing-...
       | 
       | https://mattbruenig.com/2023/09/30/response-to-douthat-on-tw...
        
       | lordgrenville wrote:
       | A substacker I follow claimed that Kearney's thesis ignores a
       | confounder, that unhappily married couples are more likely both
       | to split up and to have kids with worse outcomes. The fairer
       | comparison would be between _unhappily married_ two-parent homes,
       | and single-parent homes. Haven 't read the book so can't say if
       | this is true.
       | 
       | https://afeteworsethandeath.substack.com/p/recent-pieces-bad...
        
       | denton-scratch wrote:
       | Marriage is a legal construct; it can provide a level of security
       | (and fairness) that isn't otherwise accessible. But as the laws
       | change, the benefits change too.
       | 
       | I think men marry in the hope of binding their partner; fat
       | chance. Marriage gives the partner a claim on a big chunk of the
       | man's assets, so it incentivizes women to divorce their husbands.
       | The great majority of divorces are initiated by the wife. I'm not
       | sure why women marry; I'm not a woman, but maybe the reason is
       | the same.
       | 
       | Marriage is an outdated custom. People should learn how to live
       | together without submitting to these ancient legal customs.
       | 
       | Source: I'm twice married, and twice divorced; both partnerships
       | lasted 15+ years. I'll never marry again.
        
         | ghusto wrote:
         | It's mad, no? When I ask people point blank why they're getting
         | married, they just stare at me. Obviously part of that is
         | because I'm being autistically rude in asking such a questions,
         | but I haven't heard any compelling answers either.
        
           | saiya-jin wrote:
           | Well if you ask such an autistic question (given that I am
           | responding to a adult person and not some small kid who
           | doesn't have a clue about actual life), don't expect much, it
           | clearly signalizes that you are either taking a piss or are
           | so immature there is no point even discussing it. Its a bit
           | like asking why do you like color blue, mature adults don't
           | ask that and for kids you can say anything or nothing, same
           | result.
           | 
           | But I'll bite - if you decide to settle down with a partner
           | you match with very well on tons of actually important stuff,
           | including how your future together could look like while
           | lacking any significant (yet known) drawbacks, and you want
           | to raise kid(s) together, then the question is why not.
           | Without the kids part, less reasons but why not.
           | 
           | The inexperienced people (in my case immature kids/teens,
           | I've answered similar but better formed question couple of
           | times already) think its just a paper signed, and contractual
           | obligations stemming from it. _Far from it, at least for us_.
           | It changed our relationship, for the better, made it stronger
           | and not only due to longer cancellation procedure. Do I have
           | some peer-reviewed study for that? Of course not, just my
           | personal 2 cents.
        
             | hx8 wrote:
             | As an adult that is seen as mature by my peers who happens
             | to not understand marriage your post comes off as lacking
             | empathy and also not doing a lot to explain why someone
             | would choose marriage.
             | 
             | The reasons I extracted for why someone would want to
             | choose marriage.
             | 
             | * "Why not"
             | 
             | * Changes the relationship for the better
             | 
             | * The relationship has longer cancellation procedure.
        
               | saiya-jin wrote:
               | You have no idea how you are actually viewed by your
               | peers, here for example you are far from it, pretty
               | consistently, trying hard to find reasons to prove your
               | own personal opinions, while ignoring others. A bit
               | pointless debate at this point, since your own second
               | asterix is more than enough for the topic discussed.
               | 
               | But to each their own.
        
           | danielmarkbruce wrote:
           | Well, it's a naive question. And it shows laziness given the
           | answer can be found at google or chatgpt (https://chat.openai
           | .com/share/a1655efa-05e1-4ad0-97ca-62439d...).
           | 
           | Most people are aware of such things and can't quite figure
           | how to explain it to someone who isn't, or can't figure out
           | Google. Hence the stare.
        
           | mensetmanusman wrote:
           | Getting married forces difficult confrontations that many
           | relationships get to bypass by breaking up.
           | 
           | If you make it through the difficult confrontations your
           | relationship gains robustness and is better for your
           | offspring.
        
           | anon291 wrote:
           | Marriage is a formal process that provides a standard
           | framework in which two families get to know one another.
           | 
           | The problem with American relationships is that it deals with
           | two people.
           | 
           | A marriage is the full joining of two full families. By
           | marrying my wife, I made my uncle related to my wife's uncle,
           | so they better kind of get along. Indeed I have a vested
           | interest in them getting along because it benefits my
           | children.
           | 
           | A wedding provides a formal and socially acceptable way for
           | these sorts of interactions to occur. If I just moved in with
           | my wife... What are the chances her distant cousins would
           | meet mine? Zero, I imagine. A wedding brings them together
           | and benefits everyone.
           | 
           | But most Americans don't really have extended families so I
           | see why weddings seem strange.
        
           | Bilal_io wrote:
           | Possibly you're not seeing the answers you're given as
           | compelling because of your perspective. I can speak from an
           | Islamic perspective and say that sexual relationships are
           | considered immoral outside of marriage, so a man and woman
           | cannot create a family and have kids unless they get married.
        
         | em-bee wrote:
         | what happened in those 15 years? i don't think that your
         | partner married you with the goal of taking your assets. if
         | that was the case i doubt the marriages would have lasted 15
         | years.
        
           | denton-scratch wrote:
           | No, you're quite right; I wasn't taken for a sucker. I think
           | they ended because of the legal implications of marriage; I
           | think the relationships would have survived, if there hadn't
           | been contracts.
           | 
           | In fact, they've both survived; I'm now friends with both
           | exes. But the contracts caused us all a lot of damage.
           | 
           | [Edit] I'm all for people having the same rights regardless
           | of who their partner is. I'm fine with "equal marriage" in
           | that sense; at the same time, I want to say "Don't do it!"
           | It's like saying everyone should have the same right to walk
           | into the path of an express train.
           | 
           | It's good for some people, apparently; it looks to me that a
           | subset of religious-minded people have relationships that
           | marriage contracts don't screw up.
        
             | em-bee wrote:
             | _the contracts caused us all a lot of damage_
             | 
             | could you elaborate on that, if it is possible to do so
             | without revealing personal details? maybe in contrast what
             | you see as a difference in the relationships of religious
             | minded people?
             | 
             | the only thing i can think of is open relationships without
             | a commitment to each other. but even there i don't think
             | that the contract itself would be the problem but different
             | expectations of each partner. the problem of the contract
             | is that it wouldn't be aligned with those expectations.
             | 
             | marriage is for people who want to commit to each other.
             | divorce happens when that commitment is no longer a
             | priority.
        
         | za3faran wrote:
         | > Marriage gives the partner a claim on a big chunk of the
         | man's assets, so it incentivizes women to divorce their
         | husbands
         | 
         | Mainly in the west is it unfair and broken that way. Perhaps
         | they should look into fixing their marriage/divorce contracts.
        
       | ghusto wrote:
       | > Kearney's argument that children who grow up in unmarried
       | households are fighting the odds has progressives miffed and
       | accusing Kearney of stigmatizing single mothers
       | 
       | I find this attitude applies to everything people don't want to
       | hear. Anything that requires real change, effort, and difficulty
       | seems to be met with anger and attack. It's so much easier to
       | follow the accepted easy road of ignorance.
       | 
       | > "I'm not prioritizing one. I'm just recognizing the data and
       | the evidence and the reality."
       | 
       | Good luck with that. People don't want data and evidence, they
       | want to give their kids iPads at age 1 so they themselves can
       | "have it all", they want to leave relationships the moment they
       | realise compromise means not getting everything you want, they
       | want to down pills to combat symptoms instead of working on where
       | those symptoms are coming from.
        
         | pixl97 wrote:
         | The issue I have with your take on this is one of, most likely,
         | reverse causality.
         | 
         | I may be making a bad guess, but if I had to I feel I would get
         | the "If these women would just stay married like a traditional
         | relationship demands, then all these problems go away" answer
         | from you.
         | 
         | Now, I'll also make an assumption that you are also going to
         | have a hard time admitting that this is a multi-generational
         | problem caused by male lead institutions treating women like
         | second class citizens where they have massively unequal power.
         | Add in a little equality and you can no longer treat your
         | partner like an optionless slave.
        
           | kbelder wrote:
           | Imagining the ridiculous responses you would like your
           | opponent to make does give you an opportunity to win
           | arguments in your mind.
           | 
           | I don't imagine that kind of intellectual self-pleasuring is
           | really convincing many other people, though.
        
       | futureamish wrote:
       | So we're not going to ask for the addresses of the people that
       | created these circumstances because we really should.
        
       | RecycledEle wrote:
       | Single parents raising kids should be charged with child abuse.
       | 
       | Get married before you engage in reproductive or recreational
       | pseduo-reproductive activities.
       | 
       | If your spouse does, find another widow(er) in the same spot and
       | marry them for the kids.
       | 
       | It's not that hard. People knew this 4,000 years ago.
        
         | thoughtpalette wrote:
         | What an archaic way of thought. I can only hope you're not
         | being serious.
        
           | RecycledEle wrote:
           | Helping our children grow up to be successful adults is not
           | archaic.
        
         | giantrobot wrote:
         | Holy fucking shit. This is the Poe's Lawiest Poeslaw I've seen
         | in a while.
        
       | dragonwriter wrote:
       | This is something of a useless article as a discussion point,
       | since it discusses the _conclusions_ the book argues for and the
       | _controversy_ , but not much of the actual argument, particularly
       | its factual basis (assuming there is one) beyond _post hoc ergo
       | propter hoc_.
       | 
       | Its worth noting that this issue has been discussed for a long
       | time, and while the article acts as if the promotion of marriage
       | in the face of trends the other way on a "think about the
       | children" basis was a novel suggestion of the author, this is not
       | at all the case; it's been suggested _for decades_ , been the
       | basis of vast amounts of unsuccessful, even at the "step one" of
       | actually influencing the marriage trend, public policy at the
       | state and federal level (the latter as far back as the 1996
       | Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act).
       | 
       | And there has been lots of analysis suggesting that marriage,
       | _per se_ , is not driving most of the difference, but things like
       | income and parenting style are [0], and that those correlate with
       | propensity to marry (but are not themselves driven _by_
       | marriage), so promoting marriage is likely barking up the wrong
       | tree.
       | 
       | [0] e.g., https://www.brookings.edu/articles/the-marriage-effect-
       | money...
        
       | foogazi wrote:
       | Is there any survivorship bias in looking at children of married
       | couples?
       | 
       | Whatever causes a non-marriage outcome for households didn't
       | happen to them: addiction, unemployment, disease, violence, etc
       | 
       | Bad things didn't happen = success
       | 
       | The challenge for society is resiliency in avoiding bad outcomes
       | in the face of bad situations
        
       | stainablesteel wrote:
       | > Where are the dads?
       | 
       | > One of the biggest issues is that women seem to be giving up on
       | men, particularly those without college degrees
       | 
       | this is about what i would expect from npr
       | 
       | it has nothing to do with welfare starting in the 1960s where you
       | can visibly see a breakup in families by incentivizing divorce,
       | its.... college
        
         | kleiba wrote:
         | In contrast to your argument though, Europe has comparatively
         | higher welfare across the board, but the US has the world's
         | highest rate of children living in single-parent households.
        
           | ls612 wrote:
           | In America single parents get more access to welfare programs
           | than married ones so they are specifically incentivizing
           | divorce. It isn't a function of the welfare state level in
           | general it's this disparate incentive.
        
         | uoaei wrote:
         | Is this just a lazy version of the "welfare queen" argument?
         | 
         | By all metrics it's cheaper to be married. Better tax benefits,
         | lower housing and insurance costs when you bundle, etc.
        
           | mvncleaninst wrote:
           | > By all metrics it's cheaper to be married. Better tax
           | benefits, lower housing and insurance costs when you bundle,
           | etc.
           | 
           | yeah maybe if you do prenup it is
        
             | DiggyJohnson wrote:
             | Obviously this calculus does not include the cost of a
             | divorce.
        
         | bigbillheck wrote:
         | Welfare doesn't end good marriages, it makes ending bad
         | marriages (more) possible.
        
         | userinanother wrote:
         | I do kind of wonder about the dads. American dads do more house
         | duties than dads from other countries but Maybe it's just dads
         | in high economic classes
        
         | switch007 wrote:
         | Candace Owens has entered the chat
        
       | jgalt212 wrote:
       | The Great Society incentivized single parent households, but you
       | know these people were actually trying to help...
        
       | Hgelo wrote:
       | Education education and education.
       | 
       | Good one of course.
       | 
       | It's not hard. Really
        
       | mvncleaninst wrote:
       | These types of articles are doing the opposite of what they're
       | trying to do. How exactly is framing marriage in purely economic
       | terms supposed to encourage marriage? How is reducing people down
       | to an income stream, a college diploma, genitalia, etc going to
       | encourage marriage?
       | 
       | Take this for example:
       | 
       | > not because they reject the concept of marriage, but because
       | they do not see him as a reliable source of economic security or
       | stability.
       | 
       | It's really disgusting what they're doing here. They don't talk
       | about whether you love the other person, or whether you
       | complement each other... no, they talk about economics. They talk
       | about "what's good for me and my bank account"
       | 
       | The tone of this article: it reads like it was written by a
       | sociopath. You ask the author "why do people get married" and
       | hear this stupid shit about economics and "benefits to society",
       | nothing about love or trust or any of the actual reasons. People
       | can't just get along for some reason, economics has to insert
       | itself into everything and liquidate whatever trust and
       | spontaneity it can find
        
         | userinanother wrote:
         | Because initial burst of love only lasts so long. After that
         | it's friendship, economics, co dependence and the other things
         | that keep families working tougher as one unit
        
           | bobbylarrybobby wrote:
           | Initial bursts by definition only last so long, but is it
           | really so crazy to think that love might persist
           | indefinitely?
        
             | userinanother wrote:
             | Yes, initial love and later love might be the same word but
             | they mean different things. It's a deficiency in our
             | language and terminology
        
         | rayiner wrote:
         | > It's really disgusting what they're doing here. They don't
         | talk about whether you love the other person, or whether you
         | complement each other...
         | 
         | That's how poor people think. Marriage is one of the most
         | important economic decisions you'll make for yourself and your
         | children. And if you look at what the country's economic elites
         | actually do, they very much take economics into account, even
         | if indirectly. A huge fraction of my friends from law school
         | got married to other people from school. Part of that is that
         | they're around their classmates. But the social structure
         | around then also gently nudges them into those decisions. My
         | Asian parents didn't hide the fact that my wife's credentials
         | played a major role in winning their approval, but I suspect
         | the same dynamic manifested in a more subtle form among my
         | classmates with American parents.
        
         | avar wrote:
         | Because at the end of the day, marriage is primarily about
         | economics.
         | 
         | You can be in love, be in a stable long term relationship,
         | raise children together etc. without being married.
         | 
         | Being married means entering a trilateral pact between two
         | people, and the state. It can make sense to do so for a lot of
         | reasons, e.g. tax benefits (in particular in the US, as opposed
         | to many other OECD countries).
         | 
         | That people conflate this arrangement with the government with
         | what's going on in their personal lives is just fluff. It's
         | understandable given cultural inertia, but if you really get
         | down to it that's all it is.
        
       | rayiner wrote:
       | We should do more social studies research into US subcultures
       | that have significantly different marriage norms than the
       | mainstream US. Mormons and Asians both have strong taboos against
       | divorce, and also have strong rates of upward mobility (i.e. much
       | higher odds of kids from low income households ending up as high
       | earning adults).
       | 
       | There is some research supporting the link, but not nearly
       | enough: https://www.brookings.edu/articles/how-marriage-and-
       | divorce-... ("A child born to a never-married mother in the
       | bottom fifth of family income is 3 times more likely to stay in
       | the bottom fifth than a child born to a continuously married
       | mother with equally low income.").
       | 
       | It's possible that it's not marriage per se. Both Mormons and
       | Asians socialize children into "do what you're obliged to do, not
       | what you want to do." Marriage is one aspect of that--you get
       | married, and you stay married, and what you "want" doesn't really
       | matter. But it might be that mentality that also drives upward
       | mobility rather than marriage per se.
        
         | curiousfiddler wrote:
         | _Both Mormons and Asians socialize children into "do what
         | you're obliged to do, not what you want to do."_
         | 
         | Wow, that's incredibly reductive. Asia has approx 4.7 billion
         | people!
        
           | huytersd wrote:
           | Honestly, this thing holds true for most of them.
        
           | DarknessFalls wrote:
           | He said "US Mormons and Asians".
        
             | squigz wrote:
             | Technically, no, he didn't; note the period before Mormons
        
               | tomjakubowski wrote:
               | the comment is about "US subcultures"
        
           | acheong08 wrote:
           | I'd agree if not for the fact that this is somewhat true in
           | much of Asia: China, India, Korea, Japan, Southeast Asia
           | (Thailand, Malaysia, etc). I'm sure there are exceptions but
           | it's hard find counter examples
        
             | huytersd wrote:
             | The Bhagavat Gita is literally a tome that argues why it's
             | more important to do your duty/obligation over what you
             | want.
        
           | diogenescynic wrote:
           | >Wow, that's incredibly reductive. Asia has approx 4.7
           | billion people!
           | 
           | Asian cultures are generally more collectivistic than
           | individualistic compared to the West.
        
             | anon291 wrote:
             | The west used to be much more collectivist. Christianity as
             | it's been practiced for most of history is a collective
             | religion. The rise of individualism corresponds to the rise
             | of atheism and agnosticism and 'nones' in the west.
        
         | ecshafer wrote:
         | This is one of the reasons that I think Kant's ideas on
         | Deontology (also Confucian philosophy around relationships) is
         | the correct one for a functioning society. There is a framework
         | of "Right" and "Wrong" that exists outside of "Good" and "Bad".
         | Doing what is beneficial for society, and what is expected of
         | society is right, regardless of the Good nature of it. If
         | society expects you to fight in a war, and you kill someone,
         | that is "Right" regardless of the fact that killing is "bad".
         | 
         | But to bring this back to the topic on hand. It is right to
         | study and work hard at school, it is right to be disciplined
         | and not disrupt class, it is right to work a job and do well at
         | the job. This is separate from the fact that you are may be a
         | good person (nice, charitable, etc). A teenager who is good,
         | but not working hard is being wrong. A large part of this is
         | putting wants aside to do what is right.
        
           | TerrifiedMouse wrote:
           | It's pretty much collectivism vs individualism.
           | 
           | The West has mostly leaned towards individualism (aka "it's a
           | free country") while the East Asia under the influence of
           | Confucianism is most collective.
           | 
           | Collectivism has its downsides. It can be suffocating.
           | Society also doesn't always take into consideration an
           | individual's limitations when it comes to meeting societal
           | obligations - a moot point in more individualistic societies.
        
             | rayiner wrote:
             | > Collectivism has its downsides.
             | 
             | Collectivism also has upsides. I'm fascinated by Mormons
             | because they seem to me to be the most Asian white people.
             | Mormon men have a life expectancy almost 10 years longer
             | than other white men. They have among the highest social
             | mobility in the country. They, along with Jews, top the
             | charts in measures of mental well being.
             | 
             | And this is all happening within the context of America.
             | They deal with the same Obamacare, seem to have basically
             | the same school systems, etc.
        
               | MandieD wrote:
               | Strong, socially-enforced taboos against alcohol and
               | tobacco consumption are probably a major driver of the
               | longevity difference.
        
             | throwaway2037 wrote:
             | The West has mostly leaned towards individualism (aka "it's
             | a free country") while the East Asia under the influence of
             | Confucianism is most collective.
             | 
             | This is ridiculous. Look at the divorce rates here:
             | https://wisevoter.com/country-rankings/divorce-rate-by-
             | count...
             | 
             | Mainland China has a surprisingly high divorce rate.
             | 
             | How do you explain why Canada has a divorce rate less than
             | one half of the United States?
             | 
             | Japan and the Netherlands have roughly the same divorce
             | rates, and wildly different cultures.
        
               | TerrifiedMouse wrote:
               | Things have changed over the decades. Those countries
               | have become more individualistic and divorce is less
               | taboo among the current generation than the Boomers.
        
           | elashri wrote:
           | The consequences of the society decide what is right has very
           | bad consequences i.e [1].
           | 
           | [1] https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eichmann_in_Jerusalem
        
           | anon291 wrote:
           | Deontology is the typical endorsed philosophy of most
           | Christian ethics. I only point this out because by citing
           | confucianism you make it seem as if this philosophy has no
           | place in the west. But it does.
        
           | picadores wrote:
           | Its wrong to disturb societal harmony, by example: putting
           | the guild of map printers out of work with a digital map from
           | sattelites available on all devices.
        
       | cinntaile wrote:
       | Interesting that they're moving the other way. My impression has
       | always been that there is a sort of social taboo on not getting
       | married in the US when you have kids. Nice to see that finally
       | changing.
        
       | Racing0461 wrote:
       | > Where are the dads?
       | 
       | there we go. blaming men right off the bat.
        
       | cvccvroomvroom wrote:
       | The joke was there were so many single working people my age that
       | the only people having kids were either the very poor or those
       | making >$400k/yr.
       | 
       | There's no way to meet anyone, so there's no point to think about
       | it. Live life without worrying about it.
        
       | ergl wrote:
       | As someone from Europe, I can't understand the inability of
       | mainstream US culture and media to disentangle marriage from long
       | term stable relationships. Take this paragraph from the article:
       | 
       | > More women are deciding to have children and also remain
       | single. Almost half of all babies born in the U.S. were born to
       | unmarried women in 2019, a dramatic increase since 1960, when
       | only 5% of births were to unmarried mothers. And it's not because
       | of divorce; today's unpartnered mothers are also more likely to
       | have never been married.
       | 
       | They go from "single" to "unmarried" back to "unpartnered"
       | without batting an eye. The statistics they cite are about
       | marriage yet they are generalized to all single women. It doesn't
       | make sense.
       | 
       | At least the author of the book is aware of this:
       | 
       | > In the U.S., she says, unmarried adults who decide to live
       | together do it for a much shorter duration than in Europe. [...]
       | "If you just look in the data, marriage is what delivers kids a
       | stable, long-term, two-parent household in this country."
       | 
       | In my opinion looking into what's driving that difference between
       | couples in the US and Europe would be worth a discussion on its
       | own.
        
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