[HN Gopher] Show HN: Building a 42-inch E-Ink frame for generati...
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       Show HN: Building a 42-inch E-Ink frame for generative art
        
       Author : ea016
       Score  : 492 points
       Date   : 2023-10-10 18:56 UTC (21 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (eliot.blog)
 (TXT) w3m dump (eliot.blog)
        
       | landgenoot wrote:
       | Love it. But way too expensive, especially because we don't know
       | what the quality / price will do in the future when the patents
       | expire.
       | 
       | For that price, you can buy a 42" color printer.
        
       | tonoto wrote:
       | Fantastic project, thanks for sharing! Prohibitive pricing for
       | home use, but I would really love to have that as a picture frame
       | on the wall. One can dream for the future..
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | I thought I'd heard of all the dithering options from
       | https://tannerhelland.com/2012/12/28/dithering-eleven-algori...,
       | but surprised to read there's another one
       | (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/3288) that was used in this
       | project.
        
         | cubefox wrote:
         | Blue noise dithering seems to be a form of ordered dithering
         | which is better than other forms of ordered dithering, but in
         | terms of quality it is not as good as error diffusion dithering
         | (look up the Wikipedia comparison on the statue of David). But
         | blue noise dithering has the advantage that it can be
         | implemented as a pixel shader, unlike error diffusion. So it
         | can e.g. be used for video games. So I think for the picture
         | frame error diffusion would have been a bit better.
        
         | datene wrote:
         | This excellent article on dithering also explains blue noise in
         | a simple way
         | 
         | https://surma.dev/things/ditherpunk/
        
       | lionkor wrote:
       | That's a very neat project. The only issue I have with it is that
       | it's basically a passive energy waster. It produces images by
       | burning GPU power, when it could instead curate art from an
       | existing amount of art (of which there is more to ever go
       | through, almost in any category). Some projects that use AI could
       | be replaced with other tech and be much more efficient.
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | How is this any different than using a GPU to play games?
         | They're both something people enjoy. Should I go play with
         | sticks in the yard instead?
        
         | bee_rider wrote:
         | They should render these images when there's excess renewable
         | energy, then store them for later.
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | This is just a little too close to NFT art for me lol.
        
         | mk_stjames wrote:
         | My home computer batch processing prompts thru Stable Diffusion
         | can generate and then nicely upscale images at at rate of about
         | 1 every 5 seconds. Or 360 per half-hour. Which means a newly
         | image on the display every day to look at for a year in just an
         | half hour of computation.
         | 
         | At about 300W of GPU + 120W of PC, that is 420W * 0.5hrs =
         | 0.210kWhr. This is a rounding error on my monthly electric
         | bill. About six cents.
         | 
         | I've spent more energy than that likely just sitting and
         | reading HackerNews this week.
        
           | whoibrar wrote:
           | I would like all my future electricity bills to be calculated
           | in terms of "HackerNews Read time"
        
         | GaggiX wrote:
         | I think it simply uses some API to generate the images.
        
           | evrimoztamur wrote:
           | How does the API generate the images then?
        
             | amelius wrote:
             | Maybe it can use multiple data centers, so there's always
             | one running on renewable energy.
        
             | GaggiX wrote:
             | It doesn't really matter if it's really cheap.
        
             | hutzlibu wrote:
             | Magic?
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | It doesn't take a lot of GPU to produce one image, and you
         | could always just keep a single image on the wall for a longer
         | time if you want to reduce that impact.
         | 
         | You can also have it not produce images at night or when you
         | are not around the house.
         | 
         | Lots of ways to save energy. The impact of an image every few
         | hours or whatever is nanoscule compared to your transportation
         | and heating needs.
         | 
         | (Also if your apartment uses electric resistive heating, fire
         | away with your GPU, you're just producing images in the process
         | of producing heat instead of passing it through a resistor.
         | It's no less efficient.)
        
         | xnx wrote:
         | The cost (and environmental impact) of generated images is a
         | rounding error compared to the $7,500+ project cost. As an
         | aside, I wonder how much smaller and faster a diffusion model
         | could be if trained (quantized?) to 4-bit grayscale images.
        
           | 1-6 wrote:
           | $2,500 for a display isn't too bad considering that real art
           | can cost much more.
        
       | archontes wrote:
       | Casey Muratori has a decent blog post on the topic of blue noise
       | dithering.
       | 
       | https://caseymuratori.com/blog_0010
        
       | levi0214 wrote:
       | This is cool!
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | Tablet manufacturers would do well to consider that the picture
       | frame is the desirable form factor for E-ink tablets, perhaps
       | more so than the iPad style hand held tablet.
       | 
       | Look to what hobbyists are hacking to find commercial
       | opportunity.
        
       | 1-6 wrote:
       | E-Ink is a classic example of an artificially constrained supply
       | chain designed to compete with far more advanced technologies.
        
         | Aeolun wrote:
         | You can hardly manufacture 1000 if only 20 will ever be sold.
        
       | sho_hn wrote:
       | Posh frames e-ink friends! Here's my generative newspaper:
       | https://i.imgur.com/tD1t9u3.jpeg
       | 
       | My wallet stopped at 13.3" though :)
       | 
       | Update for those who saw me post it before: I recently charged
       | the battery for the first time since hanging it in March, which
       | met my expectations.
       | 
       | Shout-out also to the people at Halbe Rahmen, the best picture
       | frames in the world.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | Wondering if you have by any chance shared code and plans for
         | the long battery life setup?
         | 
         | Mine is still wired but I'm thinking of using ESP32 + deep
         | sleep.
        
           | sho_hn wrote:
           | I _still_ haven't set the GitHub repo to public :( Real-life
           | intruded in a major way (first baby).
           | 
           | esp32 + deep sleep + external RTC is what this is using. I
           | posted some of my experiences with getting it as low as I
           | could here: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37663913
           | 
           | Here's a few more pics: https://imgur.com/a/NoTr8XX
           | 
           | I found the mention of Blue Noise Dithering in this project
           | quite interesting! I've not put a lot of effort into picking
           | the nicest possible dithering method (just a basic Floyd-
           | Steinberg) for the embedded article photos, partly because
           | the whole newspaper look didn't seem to warrant it, but it
           | might be worth taking stock of what the latest on dithering
           | is.
        
         | yohannparis wrote:
         | Where is the information on how you built it?
        
           | sho_hn wrote:
           | There's some info on my Hackaday project listing:
           | https://hackaday.io/project/190478-hyepaper
           | 
           | Also the album link in the other comment.
        
             | lawlessone wrote:
             | You could really gaslight house guests with this. Just deny
             | it's changed.
        
               | andrewstuart wrote:
               | Do you think people are fooled by any tech these days?
               | 
               | I suspect people expect everything to be magic now.
        
               | sho_hn wrote:
               | So far my guests are mostly puzzled by "Why'd you frame
               | that?" until I tell them it will in fact change and isn't
               | my most prized selection of news articles :-)
        
             | ancorevard wrote:
             | What was the total costs of the components?
        
               | sho_hn wrote:
               | If I recall right, about $500 for the electronics and
               | $150-ish for the picture frame (it's a nice one with
               | anti-reflective UV filter glass, because at the time I
               | wasn't sure where I'd hang it and e-ink can be
               | susceptible to UV light).
        
             | yohannparis wrote:
             | This is quite an achievement. I really like the curation
             | and the process to make it a front-page. You automated your
             | own editorial news. Love it!
        
               | sho_hn wrote:
               | Thank you!
        
       | jnjnnksjnxjjsj wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | worldmerge wrote:
       | Your company seems really cool! I love the maker spirit! Sick
       | flip dot display, I have some from AlfaZeta, would love to get a
       | bus one but they seem rare in the US. Photoroom seems like a fun
       | place to work.
        
       | scotty79 wrote:
       | Cool thing would be to listen to the speech in the room and use
       | it as a prompt
        
       | bazeblackwood wrote:
       | Got excited, but then you qualified it was AI.
       | 
       | AI art is not generative art, it is reductive "art". It requires
       | samples of the art style you wish to cop, and it always produces
       | something artificial and less than the sum of its parts.
       | 
       | On the other hand, generative art is procedural, and represents
       | the thought process of a human being.
       | 
       | Better luck making meaning.
        
         | chefandy wrote:
         | You'll get downvoted into the earth's core here expressing the
         | philosophical stance that asking a computer to make art from
         | other people's art isn't actually making art. I wonder if
         | they'd commission a painting with a 50 word description, and
         | after a few rounds of alterations when it was finally
         | delivered, cross out the painter's signature and add their own.
        
         | lawlessone wrote:
         | I despise how some companies opted to scrape artists works
         | without their permission.
         | 
         | But aren't the prompts used also representative of a thought
         | process? The chosen network architecture and the choices of
         | images used to train also represent thought.
        
       | dsp_person wrote:
       | I remember seeing those Thinkpad X230 mods with an eink display
       | and how a challenge was availability of the specific discontinued
       | e-ink screen of the right size.
       | 
       | The mfg from the article has a 13.3" screen that would be fun to
       | try a mod with:
       | https://shopkits.eink.com/en/product/detail/13.3''ePaperDisp...
       | 
       | and impressive 1600 x 1200 pixels
        
       | nealeratzlaff wrote:
       | This is really cool! I've wanted to buy something similar for a
       | long time, but in RGB. I know Samsung makes the Frame, but its
       | not hackable, and its a waste of power. I don't ever want the
       | thing to function as a TV, just a way to display generative art.
       | 
       | At one time there apparently was this:
       | https://mono.frm.fm/en/shop/ But the price was crazy. There's not
       | much out there in terms of appropriately priced digital picture
       | frames.
        
       | chromakode wrote:
       | Awesome project! I'd strongly recommend swapping in some
       | antireflective glass. There's a couple affordable options with
       | less than 1% reflection [1][2]. Made a huge difference vs. stock
       | acrylic on my frames that get lots of environmental light.
       | 
       | [1] https://www.groglass.com/product/artglass-ar-70/
       | 
       | [2] https://www.framedestination.com/prod/sh/ultravue-
       | uv70-pictu...
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | I second this recommendation! Frame manufacturers sometimes
         | call these products "museum glass", which combines anti-
         | reflective properties with UV filters, usually with price
         | points at 70% and 92% filters.
         | 
         | Some E-ink panels can be somewhat susceptible to UV light and
         | perform better under a filter. You will sometimes find warnings
         | in data sheets about refresh performance in direct sunlight,
         | and danger of long-term permanent damage. Some of E-ink's
         | signage products have, I think, filter layers built-in.
         | 
         | But also if you're using a passepartout like in this project,
         | and the frame will hang in sunlight and you're not sure how the
         | paper will perform, it's worth springing for the UV protection
         | to avoid yellowing over time.
        
         | imnotdang wrote:
         | [flagged]
        
       | kevinpiac wrote:
       | Well done!
        
       | robszumski wrote:
       | This is great! I would love to see a sample of the color input
       | images and the resulting image on the display.
        
         | itishappy wrote:
         | It's monochrome.
        
           | robszumski wrote:
           | The video has a lot of glare and the dithering seems like an
           | important part. I wanted to contrast that process with the
           | original.
        
             | ea016 wrote:
             | OP here. Here's a comparison with an input image vs gray
             | levels vs dithered: https://imgur.com/a/osE57eh
             | 
             | When displayed on the frame you can barely see the
             | dithering. Interestingly you see the jpeg compression
             | artifacts a lot more
        
       | adolph wrote:
       | In terms of battery powering it, I wonder how many amps it takes
       | to power a refresh. The Salt driver is 12v, which I guess can be
       | shut down between refreshes.
        
         | sho_hn wrote:
         | In my e-ink newspaper, I have the driver board behind a relay
         | (because it had an annoying idle current draw even when you
         | tell the driver chip to go to standby, and they even added an
         | annoying power LED ...) and do just fully shut it off between
         | refreshes.
         | 
         | There's some projects that forego a driver ASIC entirely and
         | drive the waveforms directly from a MCU, although I guess this
         | large panel has a different voltage domain.
        
       | xnx wrote:
       | Well done. There would be so many more cool applications of e-ink
       | if it wasn't $2,500 for a 42" display:
       | https://shopkits.eink.com/en/product/detail/42''MonochromeeP...
       | (minimum order 3)
       | 
       | For comparison a 42" full-color 60fps TV with remote, speakers,
       | wifi, etc. etc. is $140.
       | 
       | It seems like the patent holder could be making a lot more money
       | if they dropped the price.
        
         | slg wrote:
         | Who is going to do the math and figure out how long you need to
         | hypothetically have these screens on before the power costs of
         | the TV actually make up the $2360 difference in price?
        
         | graypegg wrote:
         | Hmm. I wonder what the whole-sale price is? A TV with wifi is
         | partly subsidized by the ads you see when you turn it on. This
         | 2500$ display seems like it's for small run signage, so they
         | know it's being sold for government/business use. Probably a
         | bit inflated.
         | 
         | Does Rakutan/Amazon/Pocketbook really pay a similar cost/size
         | ratio for the panels on their ereaders? I hope not!
        
           | lawlessone wrote:
           | >so they know it's being sold for government/business use.
           | Probably a bit inflated.
           | 
           | You just reminded me, a few years ago i wanted to buy a
           | transparent screen for a DIY project. The company said they
           | couldn't sell it to me because they're b2b.
           | 
           | I think it was both a volume thing and a tax thing.. and
           | possibly a liability thing.
        
             | tomcam wrote:
             | Or they may have no procedure for selling one-offs to end
             | users. It's not uncommon.
        
         | mrd3v0 wrote:
         | The E-ink patent holder is one of the most egregious cases of
         | patent trolls. They won't lower the prices.
        
           | bmitc wrote:
           | When do the patents end? They've been around for a while now.
        
         | FirmwareBurner wrote:
         | _> For comparison a 42" full-color 60fps TV with remote,
         | speakers, wifi, etc. etc. is $140._
         | 
         | Because it's a lot easier and cheaper to manufacture large LCD
         | panels at scale than E-ink film.
         | 
         |  _> It seems like the patent holder could be making a lot more
         | money if they dropped the price._
         | 
         | I don't know any company or shareholders that would say no to
         | making more money so if this would actually be true then it
         | would, but that's not the reality.
         | 
         | The FUD that large e-ink displays are expensive because of some
         | patent conspiracy needs to stop.
         | 
         | Large e-ink screens are expensive because manufacturing yields
         | are very low and so are sales volumes.
         | 
         | Source: worked with e-ink on products with big and small
         | displays
         | 
         | Edit: So I'm saying the truth and getting down voted for it?
         | Fine, then feel free to keep believing whatever you think is
         | the truth. No point in discussing it further.
        
           | xnx wrote:
           | I didn't realize e-ink manufacturing was such a tricky
           | process. I would think there would be a lot of applications
           | for larger e-ink panels even if they had a number of stuck
           | pixels.
        
           | bigfudge wrote:
           | I think it would be interesting to hear from an insider (with
           | examples/evidence etc) what the mechanism is for eink to be
           | more expensive. I/e/ the fundamentals for why this is the
           | case beyond economies of scale. Given this history of the
           | patent it looks to the outsider like this probably isn't the
           | case and short sighted rent seeking is the problem. Would
           | love to be wrong though, so if you do have a good explanation
           | then here would be a great place to air it. I've not seen
           | anything elsewhere...
        
             | LapsangGuzzler wrote:
             | I'm sure the ad-driven subsidy on TVs plays a huge part. TV
             | prices have declined as "dumb" TVs have been phased out of
             | the market. A more niche tool like a large e-ink display
             | might not make as much sense from to price this way since
             | ad systems need large networks of users to be relevant.
        
               | BoorishBears wrote:
               | people underestimate how long e-ink stagnated: it seems
               | hard to imagine an alternate timeline where e-ink had
               | taken the place of current LED outdoor billboards for
               | example... until you realize we were decades away from
               | LEDs being cheap and robust enough for outdoor signage
               | when eInk was already fundamentally similar enough the
               | tech we have now
               | 
               | The company that owned the e-ink patents couldn't scale
               | properly until they were acquired around 2010: in an
               | alternate timeline where development open enough in the
               | early 2000s, we might have ended up with eInk display
               | modules large enough to be assembled into incrementally
               | larger and more profit driving devices
               | 
               | Even now you see that with eInk store tags for example:
               | imagine if the profit they're driving now had arrived 20
               | years ago and gotten re-invested
        
               | callalex wrote:
               | I remember seeing e-ink price tags at Kohls (American
               | department store) as early as 2004-2005.
        
               | BoorishBears wrote:
               | You probably saw the LCD based price tags which have been
               | around for ages:
               | https://www.fixturescloseup.com/2020/10/29/kohls-sloped-
               | digi...
               | 
               | That said e-ink price tags aren't new, them being
               | stupidly cheap
               | (https://www.aliexpress.us/item/3256804488587338.html)
               | and increasingly wide spread in availability is the
               | relatively new part.
        
               | lostlogin wrote:
               | Those outdoor LED billboards can burn in hell. They are
               | distracting when driving and are awful when a pedestrian.
               | 
               | If I knew an easy way to disable them, I'd be doing it.
        
               | mikewarot wrote:
               | As a check against this, I looked for 42" computer
               | monitors, which don't display ads. There are $600 4k 42"
               | monitors in stock at CDW, for example. The same size 4k
               | SmartTVs are about $300. So, yes... there appears to be
               | about a 50% discount for TVs vs Computer Displays, part
               | of which could be a subsidy, most of which I suspect is
               | volume driving down the cost of production.
        
               | alwayslikethis wrote:
               | TVs also spy on you. That data offsets some of the cost.
               | They also often have lots of other compromises, from
               | chroma subsampling to overscanning, that make them
               | unsuitable as computer monitors.
        
               | komali2 wrote:
               | Double check the refresh rate, input latency, and color
               | gamut for your comparisons. Computer monitor user
               | concerns are quite different than tv screen users.
        
           | solardev wrote:
           | I didn't vote either way, but this is news to me. As long as
           | e-ink has been around, all I've ever heard were the patent
           | issues. If you're saying it's actually manufacturing
           | difficulties, can you provide any links or additional info? I
           | believe you, but as someone not familiar with the field, I'd
           | love to learn more both to counteract the patent narrative
           | and just for my own curiosity. What is hard about e-ink at
           | scale that other products don't share?
        
             | wahnfrieden wrote:
             | Low market interest
        
               | maushu wrote:
               | With those prices I'm not surprised.
        
             | Qwertious wrote:
             | >As long as e-ink has been around, all I've ever heard were
             | the patent issues. If you're saying it's actually
             | manufacturing difficulties, can you provide any links or
             | additional info?
             | 
             | For the record, the "patents" think has no links to back it
             | up either.
             | 
             | But to answer your question: E-ink screens are less than
             | $100 (depending on the size), that's already pretty cheap.
             | They're only expensive _when compared to_ LCDs _. LCDs are
             | produced at a rate of_ billions per quarter*, with ~6
             | billion smartphone owners, and lots of them having multiple
             | LCD devices e.g. laptop/desktop screen, work computer's
             | screen, supermarket kiosk, tablet, smartwatch, car screen,
             | etc.
             | 
             | In contrast, e-ink screens have basically three
             | applications: e-readers, e-notes (which is basically just
             | an e-reader with a stylus), and supermarket pricetags.
             | E-readers/e-notes are a luxury item that you don't need if
             | you already have a smartphone/iPad. There's just no economy
             | of scale for e-ink; not compared to LCDs.
             | 
             | Because there's no economy scale or obvious new markets to
             | expand into, there's not much budget for R&D, so the entire
             | field moves slowly.
        
               | tough wrote:
               | Sounds kinda like a problem looking for a solution, you
               | could emagine e-ink taking off for a lot of thing sthat
               | currently are not digital, but it would need to be also
               | cheaper.
               | 
               | If e-ink was x100 cheaper, we could use it in x1000 more
               | use-cases
        
               | adql wrote:
               | even just x10 cheaper would put it at double the price of
               | LCD and that already has uses
        
           | bigmattystyles wrote:
           | One thing I don't understand - why are the iPhone screens
           | that can run in display mode run at 1hz a feature - what's
           | hard about driving a display typically driven at 120hz(?) at
           | 1hz to save on power difficult? Or it's not and the it's a
           | differentiating feature price.
        
             | solardev wrote:
             | Is the refresh really a big power draw vs the backlight or
             | even the pixels themselves? I think the thing about e-ink
             | is that it's a chemical producing/retaining the pigment,
             | rather than a light source. So even when it's off, it
             | retains its current colors. When a LED is off, it's just...
             | nothing.
             | 
             | But you still have a point. Even if a LED display has
             | "only" a 2 or 3 day battery life, that's still pretty huge
             | to mere hours.
             | 
             | How do smart watches (like the Garmins with 1-week
             | batteries) do it?
        
               | adql wrote:
               | > How do smart watches (like the Garmins with 1-week
               | batteries) do it?
               | 
               | https://sharpdevices.com/memory-lcd/
        
               | pxeboot wrote:
               | The Garmin watches with 1+ week battery life have memory-
               | in-pixel displays. Like E-Ink, this seems like another
               | technology that could be amazing if they were available
               | in larger sizes with lower prices.
        
           | BoorishBears wrote:
           | I didn't downvote... but if you're being downvoted it's
           | probably for ignoring the flywheel effect needed to scale
           | novel tech in the market.
           | 
           | Yes e-ink has high wastage, and yes demand is low, but having
           | had a strong arming expensive patent holder didn't help the
           | situation. The patents are actually expiring/expired but at
           | some point the damage is already done.
           | 
           | A great corollarly to e-ink is 3d printers: they were very
           | expensive, very low volume products that needed to recoup
           | expensive development costs... but when the 200 lbs gorilla
           | sitting on the market in the form of patents started to die
           | down, a lot more players start to iterate, which unlocked
           | advancements, which made things cheaper and more accessible,
           | which improved demand, which then incentivized more
           | advancements... and now we have $400 printers that outperform
           | $10,000 printers from not that long ago.
           | 
           | Most display tech starts high wastage, low demand. Patents
           | aren't a guaranteed death, but e-ink was just a bit too far
           | off the path for absolutely required innovations to overcome
           | the added resistance. In the mean time other technologies got
           | better: sunlight performance of non-eink displays has
           | improved dramatically for example.
           | 
           | Now the moment has probably passed and e-ink is doomed to
           | stay a niche sideline product as a result.
        
             | solardev wrote:
             | > sunlight performance of non-eink displays has improved
             | dramatically for example.
             | 
             | Can you talk more about this? My phones and laptops are
             | still as bad as ever in direct sun. Did I miss some major
             | development...?
        
               | BoorishBears wrote:
               | You should upgrade your phones and laptops then: Apple
               | just released a phone that does 2000 nits outdoors, and
               | similarly the MBP can dip into its 1000 nit sustained HDR
               | brightness rating for SDR content if in direct sunlight
               | 
               | In reality this is one of those slow burn deals where the
               | improvements in anti-glare coatings, bonding between
               | digitizer and displays, and brightness come slowly enough
               | that it's easy to take for granted just how awful old
               | displays used to be.
               | 
               | We've come a long way from the days of hazy plastic
               | suspended millimeters above the actual display, which in
               | turn had its own coating with a different refractive
               | index leaving two layers of reflections to deal with
        
               | dontlaugh wrote:
               | It's better than it used to be, but I don't think it's
               | because of higher brightness. No amount of it can make
               | blacks visible in direct sunlight.
        
               | solardev wrote:
               | Oh, I thought there was some revolutionary coating I
               | missed out on...
               | 
               | I actually have a M2 MacBook Pro and a Pixel 7, both of
               | which get decently bright, but neither of which is really
               | usable under direct glare. And in XDR mode, the SDR
               | colors get super washed out. HDR is a gimmick as far as I
               | can tell.
               | 
               | I'd trade either for a usable transflective display or a
               | regular matte screen from early 2000s Dell. I don't think
               | the answer to glare is to just make the display brighter.
               | That's liking shining a flashlight into your eyes so the
               | sun doesn't seem as bright...
               | 
               | I tried a 3m anti glare coating, and that worked well for
               | keeping out direct light, but it darkened the screen so
               | much it was barely visible at max brightness.
               | 
               | The Steam Deck had some etched glass thing that seemed a
               | little better (maybe the iMac too?) but I still wasn't
               | able to use it in direct sun.
               | 
               | The only display I've used so far that was actually
               | comfortable outside in the sun are e-ink ones, with matte
               | screens also somewhat usable in shade on a sunny day. My
               | M2 MacBook? Useless outside and barely usable under
               | office florescent light. I hate the Apple glare. Makes
               | movies look nice in the dark but useless for day to day
               | office work, IMO.
        
               | BoorishBears wrote:
               | What you described is EDR: where non HDR content is
               | artificially limited to allow HDR content to contrast
               | better. In sunlight the screen will stay in SDR and use
               | HDR brightness levels without any tweaks, which doesn't
               | result in washing anything out
               | 
               | > That's liking shining a flashlight into your eyes so
               | the sun doesn't seem as bright...
               | 
               | ... that's exactly the point of e-Ink: with minimal power
               | you get brightness that rivals the sunlight you're
               | holding the device in.
               | 
               | With infinitely efficient OLEDs, we'd just crank the
               | brightness on the lit pixels high enough to match the
               | brightness of a white piece of paper in sunlight and have
               | a better e-ink: unfortunately in the real world that'd
               | generate more heat and take more power than mobile
               | devices can afford right now.
               | 
               | At the end of the day we have both matte _and glossy_
               | displays with reflective characteristics that rival old
               | school matte displays because of improvements made across
               | the stack... but nostalgia makes us assume things were
               | very different than they were.
        
               | solardev wrote:
               | > What you described is EDR: where non HDR content is
               | artificially limited to allow HDR content to contrast
               | better. In sunlight the screen will stay in SDR and use
               | HDR brightness levels without any tweaks, which doesn't
               | result in washing anything out
               | 
               | What do you mean by this? Are you saying the Macbook has
               | a special display mode that only activates when it
               | detects sunlight (as in lumens? or?)?
               | 
               | > With infinitely efficient OLEDs, we'd just crank the
               | brightness on the lit pixels high enough to match the
               | brightness of a white piece of paper in sunlight and have
               | a better e-ink: unfortunately in the real world that'd
               | generate more heat and take more power than mobile
               | devices can afford right now.
               | 
               | Are you talking about the contrast ratio? I meant more
               | that high brightness with a direct light source into the
               | eyes can be pretty uncomfortable compared to reflected
               | diffuse sunlight. If there's a way to get the contrast of
               | LEDs to a similar readability of paper & e-ink without
               | needing to blast my eyes, that'd be great. The few OLED
               | displays I've used seem to have that more of that effect
               | (still not as nice as e-ink), but I don't have a monitor
               | that size either.
               | 
               | > At the end of the day we have both matte and glossy
               | displays with reflective characteristics that rival old
               | school matte displays because of improvements made across
               | the stack... but nostalgia makes us assume things were
               | very different than they were.
               | 
               | Like what? Are you saying my current Macbook is actually
               | more readable in sunlight than old matte displays, I just
               | don't realize it...? If so, hmm, I'm dubious but I will
               | take it out again and try to compare it again without
               | nostalgia, as much as I can. Or is there an objective
               | measure of sunlight readability I can refer to?
        
               | BoorishBears wrote:
               | > What do you mean by this? Are you saying the Macbook
               | has a special display mode that only activates when it
               | detects sunlight (as in lumens? or?)?
               | 
               | Yes, if automatic brightness is on, the screen will
               | exceed its standard SDR range in daylight, just like the
               | iPhone. Otherwise you need special software to manually
               | increase the SDR brightness into that higher range,
               | maxing out at 1600 nits.
               | 
               | > I meant more that high brightness with a direct light
               | source into the eyes can be pretty uncomfortable compared
               | to reflected diffuse sunlight
               | 
               | The discomfort would come from a mismatch in brightness:
               | a 2000 nit screen sounds incredibly painful to look at
               | because in normal conditions your pupils are adjusted to
               | an indoor room and you're looking at a 2,000 nit screen,
               | which is terrible.
               | 
               | But ambient light on a clear day is something like
               | _30,000 nits_ , so your pupils are already significantly
               | narrowed: a "mere" 2000 nit screen will still look kind
               | of dim if anything.
               | 
               | e-Ink sits around 40%-50% reflectivity and still looks
               | fine in those conditions.
               | 
               | (Blue light, contrast, and the nature of the reflections
               | themselves also play a role so it's not as simple as
               | "more nits is better", but you need to be in a certain
               | ballpark of brightness to even play, which is why I'm
               | saying old devices aren't in the running here.)
               | 
               | _
               | 
               | > Like what? Are you saying my current Macbook is
               | actually more readable in sunlight than old matte
               | displays, I just don't realize it...? If so, hmm, I'm
               | dubious but I will take it out again and try to compare
               | it again without nostalgia, as much as I can. Or is there
               | an objective measure of sunlight readability I can refer
               | to?
               | 
               | It's hard to capture in a single measure because there's
               | two parts to the equation:
               | 
               | - reflections from the surface
               | 
               | - being bright enough for your eyes to make out details
               | at all
               | 
               | Back in the day the brightness would be roughly equal for
               | both a glossy and a matte option, so matte would be
               | strictly better.
               | 
               | Now brightness has advanced enough that a newer glossy
               | panel + modern anti-glare coating + modern bonding
               | techniques are. enough to overcome the difference in
               | reflections vs the old screens.
               | 
               | You should look at even the glossy non-Retina (which was
               | almost universally hated) vs the glossy Retina to see how
               | dramatic the changes in anti-glare tech were at some
               | points in the last decade:
               | https://cdtobie.wordpress.com/2012/06/18/reduced-
               | reflectance...
               | 
               | A modern matte screen would have the advantage if it had
               | the same brightness, but afaik no one actually makes a
               | matte screen that gets as bright as the new XDR Macbooks
               | do: the closest are all glossy displays too.
        
             | rnk wrote:
             | Great points. Plus almost everyone always gets downvoted
             | for everything, then it comes back. I always wonder why
             | many of my "brilliant" comments get downvoted, but often
             | come back by the next day.
        
               | mikewarot wrote:
               | Downvotes are emotionally driven, and limited to -4 (I
               | think)... upvotes on the other hand, have no apparent
               | limit.
        
           | simple10 wrote:
           | Sometimes patent holder enter into initial deals with
           | manufacturers and then can't lower the royalty price for
           | other manufacturers. Even if they'd make more from higher
           | volume, the initial manufacture might be serving high-end
           | customers and doesn't want other manufactures entering the
           | market at a lower price. So they refuse to agree to a lower
           | patent royalty even though it would save them money. It's
           | counterintuitive, but rationale under certain circumstances.
           | This is pure conjecture for the e-ink patent on my part, but
           | I've seen it first hand for other products.
        
           | GuB-42 wrote:
           | > So I'm saying the truth and getting down voted for it?
           | 
           | Don't worry about that. Posts that go against the general
           | opinion always get downvoted at first. But if it is
           | insightful and not demonstrably wrong, the upvotes will win.
        
           | TaylorAlexander wrote:
           | Question for you. I always saw the problem as: only one
           | company or limited companies can manufacture them. Those
           | companies are having issues manufacturing them so the price
           | is high. But if more companies were allowed to manufacture
           | them, wouldn't we see more people solving production problems
           | and lowering prices? If there is one company with low yields
           | and high prices, if everyone is allowed to make them then
           | there is a monetary gain for new entrants willing to solve
           | yield problems. But if things are heavily patent encumbered
           | then the whole world is at the whim of one organization to
           | succeed or fail - there is no competition.
           | 
           | That is to say, it's not that they're charging high prices
           | out of greed, but that there's no competition forcing prices
           | down.
        
             | wayfinder wrote:
             | Not OP but what you're saying is absolutely true.
             | 
             | But first someone has to invent it. Nobody's gonna spend a
             | few thousand or million dollars to invent something unless
             | they get their money and more back, so that's the point of
             | patents.
             | 
             | And if they patent something and don't capitalize on it
             | enough, that's their loss, because they had to detail their
             | invention in their patent application and that's public
             | information. Patents last only 20 years and for most
             | industries, that's not very long.
             | 
             | (That said, I think software patents are a different beast.
             | Because 20 years in software engineering is like 100 years
             | in civil engineering, for example, since software
             | engineering is like a few thousand years younger discipline
             | than civil.)
        
               | TaylorAlexander wrote:
               | Actually I think patents do far more harm than good in
               | our economy. In aggregate they slow down innovation
               | significantly by carving a huge moat around every new
               | advancement. Without patents, there's still loads of
               | natural incentives to innovate. The difference is that
               | instead of fewer larger leaps, there would be many more
               | smaller leaps. You can always make money if you develop a
               | new technology in secret and then start selling it before
               | your competitors have any chance of going in to
               | production. And then there's always reason to support
               | public investment in research. But patents take new
               | innovations and then legally prevent the hundreds of
               | potential innovators who would have built on that idea
               | and improved it from going anywhere near it. Most
               | innovation is incremental and with patents, that
               | innovation is blocked from the market. This is a huge
               | loss for our economy. The only singular function of a
               | patent is to prevent innovation. (Legally, that is all
               | they do.) The idea that the follow on effect of this
               | restriction is a net gain in innovation is always taken
               | on faith. It's a story told over and over again. But when
               | you look at things like open source, you can see how many
               | of the arguments for patents simply aren't true.
        
           | [deleted]
        
           | squigz wrote:
           | > I don't know any company or shareholders that would say no
           | to making more money so if this would actually be true then
           | it would, but that's not the reality.
           | 
           | I've never quite understood this sort of thinking. Companies
           | aren't perfect omniscient systems - the people in charge of
           | various companies make poor decisions all the time, based on
           | the same human biases we all have. So yes, it's entirely
           | possible they could make more money that way, but executives
           | simply hear "Lower the price" and run away. I'm not saying
           | that's certainly what's happening, but this implication that
           | a company could possibly _only_ do the thing that 's most
           | beneficial to it is... strange, and very common thinking.
        
             | pseg134 wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
           | dantheman wrote:
           | You say that, but patents traditionally hold back progress.
           | If you look at the amount of horse power generated by steam
           | engines - it spiked after the patents expired.
           | 
           | There are probably many techniques and processes that would
           | be tried and developed if it wasn't locked up by patents.
        
             | kakwa_ wrote:
             | Devil's advocate, but one might argue patents actually
             | incentivize progress.
             | 
             | Without patents, there is far less incentive to seek
             | progress. What's the point for a for-profit organization to
             | spend resources on Research, just to see your innovation
             | immediately copied?
             | 
             | And if said for-profit organization still innovate, it has
             | a strong incentive to keep its innovation as secret as
             | possible. Patents by contrast, incentivize sharing, on one
             | hand it makes the innovation public knowledge, and on the
             | other licensing agreements usually exist.
             | 
             | And in the end, 20 years is really short compared to human
             | history.
             | 
             | Are patents an ideal solution? Hell no, this system is too
             | easily abused (patent trolling, patent thickets, etc), and
             | feels really wrong at times (patents on life-saving drugs
             | for example). But so far, that's the best compromise we
             | manage to mostly agree on in terms of worldwide IP
             | recognition.
        
             | adql wrote:
             | The time period is asinine; 20 years is forever in most
             | industries
        
               | kakwa_ wrote:
               | Not really. In a lot of industries, +20 years old tech
               | and even +20 years old equipment are normal and
               | competitive.
               | 
               | In tech, yes, 20 years is a lot, but that's more of an
               | exception.
               | 
               | And imho, it's slowing down: A 20 years old computer,
               | like an Athlon 64, today, could probably run most of the
               | usual basic workloads (mail, text, word processing,
               | browsing) with up to date software. It would be slow, but
               | it would work. An 1983 years old computer in 2003 was
               | just obsolete and completely unfit to run any of the
               | usual 2003 software.
        
         | mahdi7d1 wrote:
         | I guess people only care and notice theire own prefrences. I
         | never thought about 42" eink display but I'm constantly wishing
         | for the price of 10" and 13" modules to drop cause that's the
         | usecase I'm interested in. I think their demand would be much
         | much more compared to a 42" panel (what even is the use of such
         | thing) so they can benefit from scale.
        
         | mikepurvis wrote:
         | I've read (probably on prior HN discussions about this?) that
         | the manufacturing process still has major yield issues-- when
         | you're making small displays, you can slice around the bad
         | pixels and not have to waste as much, but making a large
         | display requires a huge sheet to all be perfect.
         | 
         | Then again, if that was really it, surely there'd be a market
         | for people who want a 42" e-ink display and are willing to
         | accept some proportion of bad pixels in exchange for a deep
         | discount. Which really shouldn't matter much, particularly for
         | applications where distance-viewing is the expectation.
        
         | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
         | The first flat panel tvs started in the $x000 price range. I'm
         | amazed an eink display this big is actually affordable (minimum
         | quantities aside).
        
           | qingcharles wrote:
           | My first 40" flat panel TV ran something around $6000 IIRC.
        
           | bufferoverflow wrote:
           | E-ink has been around for a long time. It's not one of the
           | first panels.
        
         | herpderperator wrote:
         | Where does it show the minimum order is 3?
        
           | xnx wrote:
           | The article. "Some advanced Google-fu was used to find a
           | supplier shipping to Europe. Minimum order quantity: 3
           | pieces."
        
         | diggan wrote:
         | > if it wasn't $2,500 for a 42" display
         | 
         | Try $3000 :)
         | 
         | > Driving boards are not included in the display module
         | package. E Ink Salt kit is designed to support this module
         | 
         | > Salt Driving Board - $500.00 -
         | https://shopkits.eink.com/en/product/detail/SaltDrivingBoard
        
         | adql wrote:
         | Yeah I'd love to have big display/dashboard on a wall that
         | isn't acting as extra light in the room but not at those
         | prices.
         | 
         | Transflective LCD is other option bit also pretty
         | hard/expensive to get a big screen...
        
         | red_hare wrote:
         | My dream is, when these finally come down in price, to build a
         | dynamic DnD map.
        
           | spullara wrote:
           | Why not just put any other kind of display flat and put glass
           | over it to protect it?
           | 
           | Edit: Someone has your dream display already :)
           | https://www.etsy.com/listing/1463146123/43-4k-dnd-tv-table
        
             | KennyBlanken wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
               | jamestanderson wrote:
               | I'm sad to see this comment, scoffing at an independent
               | creator just selling something cool online. I wonder why
               | this reaction? Is it the imagined profit margin? Or just
               | the choice of words in the listing?
               | 
               | The listing says it's a 43" 4K Samsung display, which a
               | quick look on Amazon shows goes for at least around $270.
               | They also offer free shipping, so shipping is effectively
               | included in the price. I don't know how much walnut or
               | acrylic costs, or desktop CNC's.
               | 
               | The price doesn't seem unreasonable to me for a turnkey
               | complete package, since I don't have the skills or tools
               | to make this myself.
        
               | jsjohnst wrote:
               | > The price doesn't seem unreasonable to me for a turnkey
               | complete package, since I don't have the skills or tools
               | to make this myself.
               | 
               | I have the skills and tools to build this myself. Based
               | on some napkin math, materials and labor comes out to
               | around $500 give or take. If GP knew anything at all
               | about developing and selling physical goods, they'd know
               | that the price is about right. Etsy charges non-trivial
               | fees, payment processors charge fees, marketing costs
               | money, wear and tear on tools, taxes, insurance,
               | warranty, customer support, fraud, etc etc etc
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | Well, Apple's 32" Pro Display XDR is $5000, there's always
         | something.
        
         | prewett wrote:
         | If it's a 4k TV it also has more pixels and better refresh
         | rate. And color. But for that extra $2360 you get the feature
         | that your image is still there when the power is off. I expect
         | that feature would be substantially more costly regardless of
         | the patent holder's extra.
        
           | nomel wrote:
           | > you get the feature that your image is still there when the
           | power is off
           | 
           | How is that a realistic feature? Who is losing power and
           | being happy that they spent a few thousand more, nearly 40x,
           | than a 36" photo quality print, just so the image can remain
           | while their lights are off?
        
             | diogenes4 wrote:
             | Rotating the art while not actively producing light is a
             | pretty big draw. The power seems like a red herring.
        
             | k1t wrote:
             | The point is that it only uses power when changing the
             | image, so a small battery can run it for a long time - not
             | that it works during a power outage.
             | 
             | (and of course it is a lot easier to change than a printed
             | photo)
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | For $2,200, you could run a 35W 43" $160 TV for _29
               | years_ , if your power is $0.3/kWh. In reality, much
               | more, with a dim display at night.
               | 
               | I understand being eco friendly, but that's an absurd,
               | entirely negligible, justification.
               | 
               | I would claim the reflective display is the killer
               | feature.
        
               | johnmaguire wrote:
               | Many of e-ink's use cases involve low power environments.
               | This is often due to logistics - not cost.
        
               | adql wrote:
               | I'd love big reflective/tranflective display but I'd
               | imagine because of rarity the prices would also be pretty
               | high
        
               | callalex wrote:
               | As the person you are replying to clearly stated, it has
               | nothing to do with drawing power from a wall socket. It's
               | about enabling new uses that work on battery power that
               | can last for months/years instead of minutes.
        
               | nomel wrote:
               | I see now that my perspective was too bound to the
               | context. Thanks.
        
           | malfist wrote:
           | But that's not the only benefit of eink.
           | 
           | EInk doesn't have a backlight. So it's easy to see in glaring
           | light. It's also not disruptive if so, you want to use it as
           | a digital picture frame and you don't want light from the
           | display bothering your eyes day and night.
           | 
           | EInk is a more peaceful display technology, and some people
           | put a lot of value on that.
        
       | numpad0 wrote:
       | Is the control board actually wrong, or is the cable supposed to
       | be origami folded for adjustment? A control board that works
       | should be really close to the right one if it weren't.
        
       | Dave_Rosenthal wrote:
       | I've looked, and it doesn't seem to exist, but I still can't
       | believe there isn't an emissive display on the market that can
       | just emulate the look of a passive display. (i.e. match the
       | 'white' of the display to inbound light)
       | 
       | All you need is a high quality RGB light sensor or three and an
       | accurate way to dim a backlight. None of this seems very hard.
       | Sure, it wouldn't show the shape of shadows or whatever, but it
       | would still be highly effective. Why can't the image just go
       | black when I turn the lights off?
        
         | ggm wrote:
         | The Samsung art series TV has fooled me in an AirBnB. It took
         | me quite a while to realise it wasn't an expensive framed
         | print.
         | 
         | It was daylight in a well lit bright room. The frame and
         | background were just right to look like modern simple poster
         | framing. The minute sun set, of course it stopped looking
         | right. Thats when I realized we had a TV after all.
         | 
         | My partner pointed out the art had changed at least two times
         | across daylight hours. I had just blanked that out.
        
       | supportengineer wrote:
       | >> instantly nerd-snipped
       | 
       | er, what?
        
         | mcphage wrote:
         | It's a term from an old XKCD: https://xkcd.com/356/
        
           | supportengineer wrote:
           | Oh, snipe not snip.
        
             | ea016 wrote:
             | Thanks, fixing the typo :)
        
       | Aspos wrote:
       | You have plenty of space behind the screen. Wondering if you
       | could harness wifi signal to generate power. Given days between
       | changes, perhaps you could harvest enough amperage to make a
       | change.
       | 
       | Or maybe you could hide a Qi charger into the wall?
       | 
       | https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-23181-1
        
       | esafak wrote:
       | Samsung sells an LED TV specifically for this use case. Currently
       | only at 4K.
       | 
       | https://www.samsung.com/us/tvs/the-frame/highlights/
        
         | renewiltord wrote:
         | A friend has the Samsung Frame and I think you can only
         | interface with it via the Samsung SmartThings app. It's quite
         | closed. So you need an online thing for the TV and then you
         | upload it into their app.
        
           | rjvs wrote:
           | They make it superficially closed but it's pretty simple to
           | get around it with a USB drive. Really all you have to do is
           | ignore their subscription system and size your images to
           | match the screen.
        
             | xd1936 wrote:
             | Or a Pi
        
           | mholm wrote:
           | Yep, it's very locked down, and Art Mode behavior is often
           | anti-user to promote their $10/month Art Store subscription.
           | There are limited matting options and I believe it
           | intentionally crops photos incorrectly, even if you upload in
           | the correct aspect ratio. It also takes about a minute to
           | scroll down to 'User Art' sections with how slow their UI is.
        
             | rjvs wrote:
             | Their Art Store promotion is annoying persistent but not
             | actually required if you put images onto a USB and have it
             | slurp them up; all you need to do is ignore their requests
             | for subscription when setting it up. All that's required is
             | to resize them to full screen with your own matte, or you
             | can just crop the images to the right aspect ratio.
             | Depending upon your desire for fidelity, you could also use
             | ML image extension to get the right aspect ratio.
             | 
             | This doesn't get around all the other annoying bugs in the
             | firmware of course.
        
         | tambourine_man wrote:
         | I'm browsing this link for a good 5min. Looks interesting. I
         | get that it tries to simulate paper, but I have no idea how.
         | 
         | Even the "explore technology" link has little extra detail. I
         | don't even know if it's backlit.
        
           | ffgjgf1 wrote:
           | It's just a tv with a picture frame and some additional
           | software/wallpapers
        
             | tambourine_man wrote:
             | Thanks. The selling copy in dumb because the product is.
        
           | ThrowawayTestr wrote:
           | It's just a TV with a matte screen and a way for Samsung to
           | sell you public domain art.
        
           | rjvs wrote:
           | The main tech is a very anti-reflective coating; the best
           | I've seen on a mainstream TV. It is backlit but in Art Mode
           | the backlight is turned down (you can control how much and
           | there is an ambient light sensor that fine-tunes your
           | choice). The combination of low emission, quite low
           | reflection and static content is pretty compelling for me in
           | a lit room.
           | 
           | I have the white frame on the bezel against a light-coloured
           | wall and when displaying art it's much less imposing on the
           | room than an empty black screen. Obviously it uses more power
           | than standby but it's also quite a bit less than a dynamic
           | screensaver.
           | 
           | Don't know that I'd get another one; the bugs in Samsung's
           | software are annoying (I just want it to display the art, or
           | a picture from a single HDMI input, how hard can they
           | possibly make it?) but perhaps that's standard for modern
           | TVs.
        
         | huehehue wrote:
         | I have one of these, and only in a very specific environment is
         | it convincing as not-a-TV (aside from the concerns of privacy
         | and their proprietary app).
         | 
         | Especially at night, I find the backlight makes it painfully
         | obvious that it's just a TV and I'd much rather have something
         | like e-ink which blends into the surroundings.
        
           | bigfudge wrote:
           | They look cool. Would be great to have an oled version
           | without a backlight.
        
             | pama wrote:
             | LED on oled stands for light emitting diodes, so they are a
             | backlight.
        
               | xnx wrote:
               | "An OLED display works without a backlight because it
               | emits its own visible light."
               | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OLED
        
               | 4death4 wrote:
               | While true, I think the original complaint about the
               | backlight was more about the fact that the TV is emitting
               | light, which a picture doesn't do. OLEDs don't solve that
               | problem unless you want to display a black square.
        
               | [deleted]
        
             | 4death4 wrote:
             | The individual pixels (other than the black ones) would
             | still emit light so it wouldn't be convincing. A normal
             | picture doesn't emit any light.
        
       | andrewstuart wrote:
       | I would love two wall mounted e-ink displays showing chess boards
       | so my 14 year old son could play chess with his grandfather.
       | 
       | I imagine the game keeping track of whose turn it is and being
       | able to give voice commands to make moves.
       | 
       | Then they could play games over a longer period of time, maybe
       | make one move per day.
        
         | 93po wrote:
         | 10 inch is probably workable and is also $2800 more affordable:
         | 
         | https://www.crowdsupply.com/soldered/inkplate-10#products
        
         | jareklupinski wrote:
         | what's your budget :)
         | 
         | the Lilygo T5 with Touch screen + a lipo battery would have all
         | the hardware you need
         | 
         | just need to port chess to the platform after that
         | https://www.hackster.io/Sergey_Urusov/arduino-mega-chess-d54...
         | 
         | figuring out NAT traversal to get them talking to each other
         | from each other's homes might be tricky/fun, but there may be
         | ways around that...
        
           | andrewstuart wrote:
           | Pretty cool at $36.36 USD
           | 
           | https://www.lilygo.cc/products/t5-4-7-inch-e-paper-v2-3
           | 
           | It would be great to be able to buy this in a size that would
           | mount easily into common photo frame formats.
           | 
           | Ideally with a battery that could last months and optional
           | power.
           | 
           | If I was retired it's the sort of project I'd happily waste
           | time on.
        
             | konschubert wrote:
             | I am making these displays that come in a wooden frame:
             | 
             | https://shop.invisible-computers.com/products/invisible-
             | cale...
             | 
             | You could render the current state of the chess game to an
             | image and serve that image on a URL on the internet. Then
             | you can connect the display to that image:
             | 
             | https://www.invisible-computers.com/invisible-
             | calendar/image...
             | 
             | Admittedly that's still a lot of work from your side, and a
             | little applet to keep running...
        
       | schlarpc wrote:
       | I have a similar display, and also use blue noise dithering. Mine
       | is driven in the backend by a web browser, which means I was able
       | to abuse CSS and mix-blend-mode to do the dithering for me:
       | ha-card::after {         content: "";         background-image:
       | url(/local/visionect-dither.png);         background-repeat:
       | repeat;         position: absolute;         height: 100%;
       | width: 100%;         display: block;         mix-blend-mode:
       | multiply;       }
       | 
       | The dithering texture used is 128_128/LDR_LLL1_10.png from
       | https://github.com/Calinou/free-blue-noise-textures
        
         | ghusbands wrote:
         | Looking at the example image in the article for the dithering,
         | it does unnecessarily reduce the quality in some areas, like
         | the water on the left, the buildings in the bottom left and the
         | background on the right.
        
         | lawlessone wrote:
         | what are the 3d and 4d textures?
        
           | jalict wrote:
           | Usually something like volumetric data, animations, or other
           | forms of data packed into something the GPU can swallow. I am
           | not sure why you would apply the filters to those kinds.
        
           | webkike wrote:
           | (I could be wrong, but here's what I'm guessing) 3D refers to
           | RGB, and 4D refers to RGB plus Alpha
        
       | freedomben wrote:
       | When are we going to have cheaper e-ink screens available? Anyone
       | know if the situation has changed in the last couple of years?
       | See: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26143779
        
         | grawlinson wrote:
         | Realistically, it'll be when the patents expire.
        
           | eli wrote:
           | My understanding is it's much more about demand than patents.
           | 
           | LED panels got cheap because we built factories that pump out
           | a _lot_ of them.
        
             | lrem wrote:
             | I just glanced, they still want about 500 bucks for the 13"
             | screen and half of that for the board to drive it. While I
             | have no clue what making the screen at a low scale might
             | cost, the board cannot possibly be five times more
             | expensive than a Raspberry Pi, can it?
        
               | avianlyric wrote:
               | Realistically you're not paying for the hardware when you
               | buy the driver board, but rather the software baked into
               | those boards.
               | 
               | The waveforms, and the algorithms that create waveforms,
               | used to drive eInk displays at reasonable speeds and
               | produce high quality images are highly proprietary and
               | very difficult to develop. In theory it's easy to make an
               | eInk display an image, but doing that in a reasonable
               | period of time, when transitioning from potentially any
               | starting state, and handling the crosstalk between
               | pixels, makes creating good images on an eInk display
               | pretty hard to get right.
        
               | sho_hn wrote:
               | No, simple driver boards aren't super complicated. Nor
               | are the chips on them manufactured on the fanciest nodes.
               | They're not super-high-volume either though and as a
               | result somewhat expensive on a BoM.
               | 
               | Here's the data sheet for the ITE IT8951, a frequently-
               | used ASIC for this purpose that supports basic partial
               | updates as well: https://www.waveshare.net/w/upload/1/18/
               | IT8951_D_V0.2.4.3_20...
               | 
               | Here's a sourcing price: https://www.win-
               | source.net/products/detail/ite/it8951e-64-dx...
               | 
               | It's basically a fairly simple SPI interface (or here a
               | SPI wrapper around an internal Z80 protocol). The rest of
               | the board is power supply handling and a DRAM framebuffer
               | chip, external to the driver ASIC on SPI as well. I wrote
               | a custom driver for this in Rust for my project, and it
               | only took about a day despite a few leaky-abstractions
               | oddities in how it communicates over SPI.
               | 
               | The chip itself is basically buffer handling, image
               | processing (features like JPEG decode, resampling and
               | some LUT mechanisms) and a waveform generator. Others
               | will have some IP blocks for, say, a HDMI frontend. Any
               | decent chip company can crank this out pretty quick.
               | There's easily 10+ product lines on the market.
               | 
               | For simple things you may not even need one and can drive
               | the panel from an MCU directly.
               | 
               | There are more expensive, more advanced drivers that
               | implement more complicated and higher-performance (say,
               | refresh rate) update schemes or I/O though.
        
           | GaggiX wrote:
           | Which patents need to expire to have cheaper e-ink displays?
        
             | fortran77 wrote:
             | They'll just keep repeating thus trope whenever an e-ink
             | project comes up. (They don't think that LCD screens have
             | patents too?)
        
               | bigfudge wrote:
               | Surely most LCD patents have expired by now?
        
               | fortran77 wrote:
               | 'And there are new ones as tech improves
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | Yeah I built one with 10" screens
         | 
         | https://dheera.net/projects/einkframe/
         | 
         | I really want to upgrade to at least 31" but it's rather
         | expensive.
         | 
         | Separately in the next irritation of this project I'm hoping to
         | use an ESP32 instead of an RPi Zero to power it, and use the
         | deep sleep mode so it can periodically update but sleep through
         | the rest of the time, allowing a few months of battery life
         | with no wire sticking out.
         | 
         | Even more ideal would be putting a thin strip of solar panel on
         | the top edge of the frame to keep it charged, and use some kind
         | of supercapacitor to power the ESP32, though I don't know if
         | the parts for that exist, especially solar panel that is 1cm
         | wide.
        
           | ea016 wrote:
           | OP here. Your project is really cool, thanks for sharing. I
           | was considering the same idea, but it means updating the
           | drivers to work on an ESP32
           | 
           | The best option I found so far is a timer shield that can
           | wake up the Raspberry periodically:
           | https://www.pishop.us/product/sleepy-pi-2-power-
           | management-s...
        
       | KomoD wrote:
       | What makes E-Ink so damn expensive?
        
         | 1-6 wrote:
         | Good question. It has been answered before:
         | https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=26143407
        
       | NKosmatos wrote:
       | Don't get me wrong, I like this project and the write up, but it
       | seems a little bit overkill. These e-ink displays are 3 thousand
       | each and this guy is the CTO of PhotoRoom. Hey it's not coming
       | out of my pocket and I don't know if it's company or personal
       | money, but it seems a little bit off.
        
       | moroark wrote:
       | I love it. 2 Ideas:
       | 
       | You should upload a massively complicated where's waldo like
       | scene and have waldo appear in different places each hour.
       | 
       | Have a portrait with lots of subtle details but they change
       | slowly over time. Ex. girl goes from earing-less to small earings
       | to big earings. Just have lots of small details subtly change but
       | at a rate which makes them hard to detect.
        
       | semi-extrinsic wrote:
       | Really cool project!
       | 
       | If you're into looking at different dithering techniques, there
       | are a few interesting ones compared in this old CodeGolf question
       | (disclaimer: I'm the one with the Fortran answer)
       | 
       | https://codegolf.stackexchange.com/questions/26554/dither-a-...
        
       | Charon77 wrote:
       | > We found that running 2 full white images did a good enough
       | job, without disrupting the experience too much
       | 
       | Some devices actually clear by outputting the invert of the
       | image. Maybe this will be faster
        
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       (page generated 2023-10-11 16:01 UTC)