[HN Gopher] Rotary Woofer (2006)
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       Rotary Woofer (2006)
        
       Author : akeck
       Score  : 51 points
       Date   : 2023-10-10 16:54 UTC (23 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.rotarywoofer.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.rotarywoofer.com)
        
       | Pet_Ant wrote:
       | > TRW-17 transducer $12,900.00
       | 
       | I mean, if we could find something that knocks off a zero at
       | least this might make an interesting project but at this price
       | point, it's for die-hards only.
        
       | johnvanommen wrote:
       | Random observations:
       | 
       | * I heard the Thigpen Rotary Subwoofer when Thigpen premiered it
       | at the Rocky Mountain Audio Fest in 2005. Something that's not
       | obvious from most of the published pics is that the rotary
       | subwoofer was using an entire hotel room to serve as an
       | enclosure. IE, you're not going to easily get loud bass at 10Hz
       | without an enclosure, and the Thigpen sub used an entire room.
       | 
       | * Tom Danley is a national treasure and designed something
       | similar at Sound Physics Labs, about 22 years ago. Tom also
       | licensed the technology to Phoenix Gold for use in their
       | "Cyclone" car subwoofer. I've only met Tom once, but as I
       | understand it, he abandoned the technology because subwoofers
       | from companies like Faital, 18 Sound, MTX and Eminence offered
       | comparable performance with improved reliability. Basically the
       | subs he made for Sound Physics Labs were crazy, but reliability
       | was an issue, especially since they used a lot of custom parts.
       | 
       | If anyone is curious about these designs, let me know, I love
       | this stuff.
        
         | rplst8 wrote:
         | Tom also builds military grade subwoofers.
         | 
         | He had a hand the design of the BassTech 7 servo drive subs as
         | well. Their not being made anymore as I think they went out of
         | business 20 years ago or so. All the reports I've read about
         | those indicated that those subs were a pinnacle of rock concert
         | audio technology and were devastatingly loud, lol.
         | 
         | Once BassTech folded, he worked with an online forum known as
         | the Live Audio Board (LAB) to open source the design and
         | replace the servo based driver with a conventional voice coil
         | and cone driver.
         | 
         | The resultant design became known as the LAB Sub. A friend of
         | mine built 12 of these beasts ~ 45x45x22 inches and let me tell
         | you, they were amazing performers, that you could build
         | yourself for around $500 (at the time).
         | 
         | Mr. Danley truly is a treasure to audio engineering and
         | loudspeaker design.
        
           | anonu wrote:
           | > military grade subwoofers
           | 
           | Never thought I'd see these words together.
        
             | demondemidi wrote:
             | Is that a polite way of saying "made up"?
        
             | rob74 wrote:
             | Subwoofers designed to drive enemy forces insane by using
             | infrasound?
        
             | euroderf wrote:
             | Maybe it just means they have a wide operating temperature
             | range ?
        
         | iancmceachern wrote:
         | I am extremely curious. I've been wanting to make one for
         | years. My contact info is in my profile if you care to share
         | more.
        
         | FuriouslyAdrift wrote:
         | For subs, I go Rythmik, now. Great value for the money.
         | 
         | Danley is awesome and I would kill to have synergy hornes for
         | my apartment (if they'd fit)
        
           | scns wrote:
           | https://www.rythmikaudio.com/DirectServo.html
           | 
           | Seems like they do the same in their subs what Backes &
           | Muller and Silbersand do for every speaker. Cinema for the
           | ears, if you ask me. Even at volumes below speech, you can
           | hear EVERYTHING! Even low bass, from a closed enclosure!
        
       | mixmastamyk wrote:
       | So what can you play on it? Any recordings or hardware available
       | that go low enough?
       | 
       | Looks like they have a demo DVD. Was hoping for more.
        
         | brianaker wrote:
         | The film "War of the Worlds(2005)" has effects going down to 20
         | Hz; to play it you will need an ATMOS AV receiver that has an
         | LFE port to feed the signal to an amp that has LFE input. Not
         | all amps which have an LFE input can cleanly output 20 Hz, let
         | alone anything lower, so you would need to check the specs.
         | 
         | I wouldn't be surprised to discover that the original "Iron
         | Man" movie reproduced effects at that level, but I know the
         | "War of the Worlds" film does.
        
           | toast0 wrote:
           | Why atmos? Wouldn't any receiver with a subwoofer out do?
           | Many subwoofers have a crossover and you can could also wire
           | your audio out through the subwoofer and then to your
           | speakers if you really want.
        
         | Doctor_Fegg wrote:
         | Digital recreation of a 64ft organ stop?
        
           | mrob wrote:
           | A 64ft organ stop goes down to 8Hz, but your DAC might not.
           | Attempting to play extremely low bass too loud is an easy way
           | to damage speakers/headphones, and most people don't have
           | rotary woofers, so it's common for playback equipment to
           | filter everything below 20Hz.
           | 
           | Audacity can generate sine waves of arbitrary frequency, but
           | take care not to set the volume too high and break things if
           | you want to experiment.
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | ELO's album "Time" had an opening ("Prologue") that had a pipe
         | organ kick in around 00:26s that would occasionally cause the
         | needle to hop on my turntable. Probably pushing the RIAA
         | equalization limits for vinyl.
        
       | baka367 wrote:
       | Was I the only one who imagined a dog chasing its tail when
       | reading the post title?
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | So a sub-woofer is the opposite of an alpha dog?
        
       | duped wrote:
       | > However nothing existed to produce significant enough output to
       | change this belief.
       | 
       | I thought it was more accurate to say that the lowest frequency a
       | human can perceive as sound is also the threshold between
       | determining if a sequence of pulses is a sequence of distinct
       | events and one continuous sound, whose period is around 5ms (or
       | 20Hz) and this is pretty easy to verify experimentally, even with
       | woofers that can't produce a pure sine below 20Hz.
       | 
       | That said there is another factor which is that we don't just
       | experience pressure waves in air with our ears, but with our full
       | body of senses. And if you can definitely be impacted by
       | infrasound even if it isn't just vibrating your ears, since it
       | will absolutely vibrate your chest cavity and the rest of your
       | body and you can feel that in your bones (or so to speak).
       | 
       | There's also a long history of scientific/pseudo scientific and
       | almost apocryphal stories about infrasound. Off the top of my
       | head I've heard of fans in a building causing subsonic vibrations
       | that disoriented people, subsequent research into weaponizing it,
       | whistles that were designed to vibrate below the threshold of
       | hearing, the legendary "brown note" (a sound low enough and
       | powerful enough to cause evacuation, of a building or a person)
       | and even Havana syndrome was allegedly attributed to infrasound.
       | 
       | It's very interesting to use a fan to create such waves when an
       | electromagnetic piston might fail. But I wonder how useful it is
       | since making a piston vibrate at low frequencies isn't that hard,
       | it's enclosing it that is the problem. I suspect a large enough
       | enclosure with a big enough woofer and enough power in an
       | amplifier (eg, a commercial subwoofer) can do just as well
       | without being so exotic as to require custom electronics.
        
         | CognitiveLens wrote:
         | Vibrating a piston at low frequencies isn't hard, but getting
         | it to move enough air is very hard. You're right that "big
         | enough" with "enough power" could solve that problem, but the
         | mechanics of a conventional driver result in unavoidable output
         | roll-off as you go lower, whereas the fan/rotary solution won't
         | roll off because it has essentially infinite excursion - it
         | just keeps blowing in the required direction at the required
         | pressure level for any low-enough frequency, even fractions of
         | Hz.
         | 
         | Re: custom electronics - my understanding is that the
         | electronics just need to handle very low frequencies (in part
         | by being able to sustain enough current without fading), which
         | would also be true for a conventional subwoofer system trying
         | to operate at those frequencies.
         | 
         | I remember reading about this thing a long time ago and
         | wondering how close I could get with a DIY solution. It would
         | probably sound terrible but it would be fascinating as an
         | transducer learning platform.
        
           | johnvanommen wrote:
           | The Thigpen Roatary sub used an entire hotel room as it's
           | enclosure.
           | 
           | I'm willing to bet you could outperform it using about $1000
           | worth of 18" subwoofers and 10,000 watts or so.
        
             | explaininjs wrote:
             | And where you you put those subwoofers? Probably in a room
             | of some sort. Thus considering the room as part of the BOM
             | for one but not the other is a bit disingenuous.
        
         | explaininjs wrote:
         | I'd be very interested to hear a recording of large waves
         | crashing at the ocean with and without this woofer. That comes
         | to mind as the ultimate low-frequency soundscape I know.
        
         | johnvanommen wrote:
         | > It's very interesting to use a fan to create such waves when
         | an electromagnetic piston might fail. But I wonder how useful
         | it is since making a piston vibrate at low frequencies isn't
         | that hard, it's enclosing it that is the problem. I suspect a
         | large enough enclosure with a big enough woofer and enough
         | power in an amplifier (eg, a commercial subwoofer) can do just
         | as well without being so exotic as to require custom
         | electronics.
         | 
         | See my comment above. Tom Danley came to the same conclusion
         | that you did, and he's literally a rocket scientist.
        
           | duped wrote:
           | I feel like anyone with a basic understanding of loudspeaker
           | design would come to the same conclusion. Ultimately, it's
           | well understood that the "infinite baffle" design will give
           | you the best low frequency performance for a given woofer but
           | it's impractical given the amount of volume behind it to
           | actually act as a practically infinite baffle.
           | 
           | The goal of loudspeaker design is how to choose a port
           | geometry and enclosure volume that makes the best tradeoff of
           | low end rolloff and resonance for a given woofer at a price
           | point for consumers. The cleverness of a waveguide is that it
           | can manipulate the combined acoustics of small woofer and
           | enclosure volume to provide good sounding low end that is
           | extremely surprising compared to the infinite baffle design
           | for the same woofer.
           | 
           | That's why big speakers sound good but are not surprising.
           | There's an inherent tradeoff between low end response and
           | acoustic compliance which is proportional to the volume of
           | the enclosure. A large enough enclosure gives you effectively
           | infinite volume behind it, hence the "infinite baffle"
           | design. That volume tends to be prohibitively large for
           | commercial products. If you choose a smaller volume you get a
           | noticeable rolloff in the bass, but you can trick the
           | listener by turning the enclosure into a Helmhotz resonator
           | by adding a port that creates a resonator with critical
           | frequency below the lower rolloff of the enclosure that
           | extends the bass response. Waveguides further allow better
           | extension by creating a natural acoustic amplifier for a
           | range of frequencies that behave much better than the
           | Helmhotz resonator.
           | 
           | It's not rocket science, although it is control systems and
           | signal processing. In short I don't think an exotic
           | loudspeaker is better, because under ideal conditions it
           | still has to deal with the physical properties of whatever
           | encloses it. It's interesting to consider how they interact
           | in a different way that affects the model but I don't think
           | there's anything fundamental that makes it better than a
           | traditional piston model. It's still just moving air and
           | working against the compliance of the air behind it in the
           | enclosure.
           | 
           | Essentially the problem of low frequency reproduction is not
           | moving air in front of the piston that is the problem, it's
           | isolating the pressure wave behind it and the effects of the
           | compression of that volume that prohibit its movement at low
           | frequencies (and how they diffuse around the front) that
           | contribute to the issue of reproduction. I don't see how this
           | design fundamentally alters such problems.
        
             | iancmceachern wrote:
             | I agree, I don't think it's better or different.
             | 
             | What sticks in my mind is that I think its a rate problem.
             | Meaning audible bass volume is relative to volume of air
             | displaced.
             | 
             | It's like when we design pumps. There are positive
             | displacement pumps, flow equals stroke volume times stroke
             | rate. Stroke rate is frequency, stroke volume is stroke
             | times surface area. So bigger subwoofer diameter equals
             | bigger surface area. You can also increase the stroke.
             | Anyway, that all integrates to flow.
             | 
             | We also have rotary pumps like centrifugal and axial flow
             | pumps. With those flow is a function of rpm and pressure
             | gradient across the pump. (Pressure gradient across the
             | pump is not a factor in positive displacement pumps). To me
             | this is why they needed such a large chamber. Below a
             | certain size they were sucking down the Pressure too much.
             | Also it's much flow that the pressure gradients ar such
             | that it limits its frequency response to 10 hz or so.
             | 
             | All this to say, I think the mistake was simple. They said
             | existing subwoofers are 12" so let's make a 12" rotary sub.
             | 
             | I think they should have said a 12" sub has a volumetric
             | displacement rate (diameter times stroke times frequency)
             | of X mm^3/s and if we design a rotary sub to have that same
             | volumetric displacement what are it's dimensions.
             | 
             | It would be far less than 12", likely 2" or so, and very
             | compact yet powerful. That form would also dramatically
             | change its frequency response and performance.
             | 
             | This is what I've been wanting to build for years, a 2"
             | rotary sub with a very powerful fan.
        
         | madengr wrote:
         | [dead]
        
       | itronitron wrote:
       | Home owners in New England would refer to this as a 'whole house
       | fan'.
        
       | themoose8 wrote:
       | Here's a recent build by a hobbyist. An interesting watch and an
       | impressive outcome, it vibrates the entire house.
       | 
       | https://youtu.be/NZKCxIuJ-5M?si=C545ivmg8TvhKhYg
        
         | frankus wrote:
         | I feel like this is a lot more approachable with the advent of
         | cheap mass-produced RC helicopter parts (modulating the
         | collective pitch with the audio waveform).
         | 
         | (Which has me wondering if you could do some fun directional
         | things with the sound? Of course low bass is not exactly known
         | for its directionality)
        
           | JKCalhoun wrote:
           | Yeah, physics, as I understand it. When the wavelength is
           | greater than the distance between your ears directionality is
           | lost.
        
       | theamk wrote:
       | This sounds very cool!
       | 
       | Also very expensive.. which makes sense, it's mechanically
       | complex product (variable-pitch propeller) with strict
       | requirements (don't want things to rattle or while) which is
       | marketed to rich people (hi-fi fans).
       | 
       | I wonder if modern power electronics and brushless motors can
       | achieve the same effect with a fixed-pitch propellers. This could
       | be much cheaper and more accessible to hobbyist.
        
       | twic wrote:
       | > The air density is much too low to be a good impedance match
       | with a cone loudspeaker. Take your hand and try and grab some air
       | or flatten your hand and try and push some air as fast as you
       | can. This illustrates the futility of trying to move air to
       | create a small amount of pressure at low frequencies with a cone
       | speaker. You can barely feel the resistance of the air to the
       | motion of your hand, the air molecules simply slip around.
       | 
       | > Now take your hand while driving down the road and stick it
       | outside the window of a car. The faster you go the thicker the
       | air feels.
       | 
       | So could you have a normal fan blowing air into a normal
       | subwoofer to increase the pressure, and get more bass?
        
         | willis936 wrote:
         | It would have to be a hell of a fan. The idea is that the speed
         | of the blades is many times faster than the speed of the air
         | forces through them.
        
       | s1mon wrote:
       | Skimming through the site, the magic behind this is that the fan
       | spins at a constant speed, but the pitch of the blades can be
       | modulated at very low frequencies - positively and negatively. I
       | had to look carefully at the .GIF on this page to have the ah-ha
       | moment when it made sense.
       | http://www.rotarywoofer.com/howitworks.htm
        
         | rob74 wrote:
         | That page also answers the obvious question of why the fan
         | thingie is needed and why these frequencies can't be achieved
         | with a traditional loudspeaker membrane.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | iancmceachern wrote:
         | Totally, for me the ah ha moment was when I realized it was
         | like the collective on a helicopter
        
       | Triphibian wrote:
       | Is the musical equipment in this music video operating on the
       | same principles?
       | https://youtu.be/ZdJ5e70Q8mw?feature=shared&t=128
       | 
       | It's the tall cabinet behind Money Mark in the Beastie Boys video
       | for "Gratitude" at around 2:19.
        
         | gaazoh wrote:
         | That's a Leslie speaker in the video, it doesn't operate on the
         | same principle. Leslie speakers creates sound using a
         | conventional vibrating membrane, whereas the rotary woofer does
         | so by using a variable pitch fan. The rotating part effectively
         | changes the geometry of the baffle, creating a tremolo effect.
         | For the rotary woofer, the whole room acts as a baffle.
         | 
         | See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_speaker
        
       | randomcarbloke wrote:
       | A YouTuber did this recently and turned his house into a
       | subwoofer:
       | 
       | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZKCxIuJ-5M
        
         | anonu wrote:
         | actually, somewhat inspiring video. nice to see people doing
         | things like this out of their garage.
        
       | cvccvroomvroom wrote:
       | It's neat but dusting it would be tricky and kids would destroy
       | it.
        
       | Tempest1981 wrote:
       | Reminded me of the Leslie speaker, used with the Hammond B-3:
       | 
       | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie_speaker
       | 
       | Although its rotation was for tremolo, not bass.
       | 
       | https://youtube.com/watch?v=G5fI3X9BdrQ
        
         | djmips wrote:
         | I love the Leslie speaker and that's what I thought of at first
         | (by the name) as well but upon closer inspection it really
         | isn't very similar after all. Check the videos linked here in
         | other comments https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NZKCxIuJ-5M to
         | get an intimate understanding and then you'll see how it really
         | is a linear actuator.
        
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       (page generated 2023-10-11 16:01 UTC)