[HN Gopher] Zimaboard: The closest thing to my dream home server...
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       Zimaboard: The closest thing to my dream home server setup
        
       Author : hddherman
       Score  : 273 points
       Date   : 2023-10-09 11:10 UTC (11 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (ounapuu.ee)
 (TXT) w3m dump (ounapuu.ee)
        
       | colordrops wrote:
       | The perfect home server for me would be:
       | 
       | * No larger than a very thick laptop
       | 
       | * 2 SFP+ ports
       | 
       | * 8 POE ports
       | 
       | * zigbee, zwave, and maybe rtlsdr radio
       | 
       | * large laptop battery as a UPS
       | 
       | * built in TPU
       | 
       | * decent CPU
       | 
       | * at least integrated GPU, if not a slot for a discrete GPU
       | 
       | * NVMe
       | 
       | This would replace my large, noisy, power hungry rack with a
       | single unit that would handle OPNSense, home automation, security
       | cameras, and my various apps like photo management, nextcloud,
       | mastodon, minecraft servers for the kids, etc
       | 
       | I don't think anyone sells anything like this, but I think it
       | might not be hard to build using Framework laptop parts, a cheap
       | POE switch, and a custom built case...
        
       | bdcravens wrote:
       | > There is no native way to mount the two SATA drives to the
       | Zimaboard. The creators of the board do sell a metal bracket, but
       | it doesn't seem to integrate that well to the board.
       | 
       | Funny enough, I just had the ad for the ZimaCube pop up on
       | Facebook (holds 6 drives, up to 164TB)
       | 
       | https://zimacube.zimaboard.com/
        
         | justinclift wrote:
         | Looked interesting, though there are some inconsistencies with
         | the core count for the "Octa" version. The intro blurb up the
         | top says it's 12 core, while the spec listing further down says
         | it's 10 core.
         | 
         | It's not clear if the ram is ECC either. With 6x SATA + 4x NVMe
         | + 32GB RAM they're targetting more professional users, which
         | should mean ECC ram is available.
         | 
         | ---
         | 
         | Looking a bit more in depth, it doesn't look like any of their
         | cpu choices support ECC:
         | 
         | [?]
         | https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/226261/...
         | 
         | [?]
         | https://ark.intel.com/content/www/us/en/ark/products/231803/...
         | 
         | So, that's a fail. Hard pass unfortunately. :(
        
       | paldepind2 wrote:
       | One thing I don't really understand about the Zimaboard is why it
       | comes in such a good looking enclosure? If you want to use it
       | with stuff connected to the PCIe/SATA ports you'll always need
       | some extra enclosure/case anyway to keep things clean. At that
       | point why not just ship a board like a Raspberry PI, etc?
       | 
       | > btrfs has had some issues in the past, especially with the
       | RAID5/6 setup
       | 
       | I'm pretty sure that btrfs still has major issues with RAID 5 &
       | 6, and that these RAID modes are not recommended to be used in
       | anger.
        
         | newsclues wrote:
         | It's proprietary and easy mini homelab equipment for people who
         | have an interest in home servers but not the time, skills or
         | skills to setup their own.
        
           | paldepind2 wrote:
           | Yes, I get that and I think it's a very cool device (given
           | that it has sufficient IO for ones purpose).
           | 
           | What I don't understand is why the casing around the board
           | itself is so well designed and good looking. To me it looks
           | like a "finished" self-contained device on its own. But if
           | you use it together with, say, 2 3.5" HDDs you'll surely need
           | some enclosure around the enclosure. At that point an "ugly"
           | Raspberry PI-style board would have been just as good.
           | 
           | Granted, OP makes good use of the board enclosure, but needs
           | to DIY a case in order to do so.
        
             | newsclues wrote:
             | Because they are selling a solution, not a single board
             | computer for people who want to really tinker.
             | 
             | It's for people who want to plug it in, follow instructions
             | from a YouTube video and leave it alone.
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | Probably has more to do with the teams preferences and tastes
         | rather than any sort of commercial rationale.
         | 
         | Same with the new zimablade - looks pretty sharp even though
         | open air would cool better
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | Because the enclosure is the heat sink. It has to look more or
         | less like that for functional reasons, and so making it pretty
         | as well is no real extra cost.
        
       | zokier wrote:
       | I do think that in 2023 1Gbe is starting to feel bit outdated
       | when 2.5(/5/10) Gbe is becoming commodity. Something like NanoPi
       | R5S has 2x2.5Gbe, and a nvme slot, all in nice little low power
       | package. Sure, it doesn't have sata slots that OP wants, but I'd
       | imagine similar ARM/Rockchip devices are available in all sorts
       | of configurations.
        
         | okramcivokram wrote:
         | This one is x86 architecture, and if you need more speed,
         | there's one 4x PCIe slot available for expansion.
        
           | Havoc wrote:
           | It's works but that slot is pcie gen 2 if memory serves.
           | Seems to work fine with gen 3 nvme ssds at lower speed though
        
       | naikrovek wrote:
       | am i still paranoid about the news that supermicro motherboards
       | were modified by chinese manufacturers to add spying hardware? I
       | don't want to buy hardware anymore.
       | 
       | oh, and for the record, fuck the People's Republic of China.
        
         | jcuenod wrote:
         | If you're referring to that rice-sized chip that was being
         | soldered onto motherboards. IIRC, the authors of that piece on
         | Bloomberg have a history of writing nonsense. This particular
         | article got absolutely no external confirmation. The Risky Biz
         | podcast had some good discussion around the time it came out.
        
       | faefox wrote:
       | > "I suspect that a similarily configured Raspberry Pi 4/5 with
       | all the accessories added on top would result in a price that's
       | quite similar to the cost of a top-of-the-line Zimaboard."
       | 
       | With respect to the author, why would you not take 10 seconds to
       | verify this claim? A cursory Google search shows that an 8 GB Pi
       | 4 with passive case and PSU is ~$100 all-in. If you can wait a
       | couple of weeks the Pi 5 offers a nice performance bump (and
       | PCIe!) for about the same price factoring in the official active
       | cooler and case.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hddherman wrote:
         | Hi, author here. I went ahead and did the math based on
         | offerings in raspberrypi.dk since that's the reseller that the
         | official Raspberry Pi website directs me to as someone living
         | in Estonia.
         | 
         | Raspberry Pi 4 8GB: 92.87 EUR
         | 
         | "Armor Aluminium heatsink case for Raspberry Pi 4": 19.01 EUR
         | 
         | Official Raspberry Pi power supply: 10.80 EUR
         | 
         | 32GB microSD card: 12.17 EUR (and on sale)
         | 
         | At this point the subtotal is 134.85 EUR (~142 USD). Budget
         | about 10-20 EUR on shipping on top of that, so about 150 EUR.
         | 
         | And to run two SATA SSD-s off of the Raspberry Pi, you'd need
         | an extra USB to SATA adapters. ICY BOX ones are quite good,
         | those are about 15-20 EUR each, and are unlikely to work
         | properly because of power limitations. I've done the testing in
         | the past, one SSD is OK, two is a bit too much for the board,
         | so you'd need to rig them up with external power, adding cost.
         | 
         | To have something similar, we're looking at about 180+ EUR
         | (~190 USD) worth of gear to replicate what we'd find with a
         | Zimaboard, and with trade-offs and inferior results (USB-SATA
         | is worse than plain SATA).
         | 
         | I think it's a fair comparison, at least with EU market prices.
        
           | teleforce wrote:
           | Thanks OP for the breakdown of potential cost of similar Pi 4
           | set up.
           | 
           | Interestingly, based on the PiHut prices, the total cost of
           | 8GB RPi 5, power supply, heat sink with fan (active cooler)
           | and case will be around PS90. A high quality 128GB microSD
           | card is around PS9 and that makes a basic server RPi 5 setup
           | to be just within PS100. Add to the fact it has a spare PCIe
           | slot for potential Gen 3.0 of high speed SATA interface and
           | now the RPi 5 is even less power hungry compared to the
           | previous version, the mini home server with RPi is very
           | tempting, indeed.
        
       | robsalasco wrote:
       | How is the performance comparable to a rpi 5?
        
       | zamadatix wrote:
       | I think there is an over-focus on being fanless for silence and
       | that leads to wandering down really niche sets of boards like
       | this almost for the sake of looking for a niche board in itself.
       | While it sounds extremely boring, a standard mini PC (called a
       | "TinyMiniMicro" in this, Serve The Home phrasing) will almost
       | always be a significantly better device, limit the fan speed to
       | your liking (I typically go around 30 percent, can barely hear
       | them with your ear up to the fan).
       | 
       | If your goal is to 3d print a custom case, mount things
       | externally, and tinker these kinds of things that's great but I
       | feel a lot of tech folks get caught up in "tinkering" needing to
       | equal "the best option". I'm not saying there is anything wrong
       | with tinkering, I've actually got a few devices mentioned like
       | the mentioned Flashstor 12 and it's a lot of fun to mess with. At
       | the same time, I'd sooner call them my dream tinkering devices
       | than my dream home server.
        
         | viraptor wrote:
         | I'm not sure that over-focus. Lots of small devices (especially
         | older ones) don't have user-accessible fan speed control
         | unfortunately and even if they do, fans degrade over time. I'm
         | running one of the older NUCs as a home server right now and
         | I'm really tempted to replace it with zimablade. Sure, I could
         | replace the current loud fan, then play around with tweaks to
         | slow it down while preserving the performance. But... I could
         | just go passive instead. It's literally the opposite of
         | tinkering too much.
        
         | doctorpangloss wrote:
         | > over-focus on being fanless for silence
         | 
         | It's an "over-focus" on aesthetics, which in my opinion,
         | legitimately matter the most for end users above all else.
         | Every electronic category I can think of that Apple isn't
         | dominant in already would improve immensely if all the players
         | focused on aesthetics: e-bikes, displays, keyboards, mice,
         | networking hardware, computer chassis, autos, ...
        
       | asmor wrote:
       | ZimaBoard has my favorite garbled mess SEO page.
       | 
       | https://www.zimaboard.com/blade/resident-evil-village-coming...
       | 
       | If you manage to decipher anything from this, let us all know. I
       | feel like I'm missing out on the wisdom of Jerry, presumably the
       | protagonist of Cyberpunk 2077.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | sidewndr46 wrote:
         | What is this, some sort of automatically generated attempt to
         | have search engines associate their product with CP 2077?
        
         | silvershell wrote:
         | Whoa! What were they thinking... or not thinking?
        
         | SparkyMcUnicorn wrote:
         | This looks like a puzzle... or the output from a dysfunctional
         | LLM.
        
         | hiatus wrote:
         | That reads very much like a markov chain-generated text.
        
       | explorigin wrote:
       | Nothing against Zimaboard but the best part of the article (for
       | me) is his cable organization shown in his conclusion. So pretty.
        
         | syntaxing wrote:
         | The author is using an IKEA Skadis setup which is pretty
         | popular in the 3D printing community. There's a bunch of prints
         | available for it, highly recommend if you need a wall
         | organization of some sort.
        
         | huhtenberg wrote:
         | There's a sub for that - https://reddit.com/r/cableporn
        
         | pmontra wrote:
         | We had this other post from the same author on HN time ago
         | https://ounapuu.ee/posts/2023/09/07/ikea-powered-homelab/
         | 
         | It's about the setup of the wall.
        
       | methou wrote:
       | For those who are interested in faster network, can look at R86s
       | variants: https://www.servethehome.com/the-gowin-r86s-revolution-
       | low-p...
       | 
       | The 10Gb NIC is actually an mellanox cx3 series with OCP
       | connector, theretically you can replace it with some more
       | interesting cards like cx5/6, or solarflare's
        
       | 7e wrote:
       | Does it have IPMI?
        
         | Havoc wrote:
         | On a 120 buck device lol?
        
       | aftbit wrote:
       | If you care about the noise and size, but not so much about
       | looks, you can also pick up a nice N5105 box for about the same
       | price from Amazon, but with tons of ethernet ports available.
       | 
       | https://www.amazon.com/Firewall-Appliance-HUNSN-Barebone-Sto...
        
       | syntaxing wrote:
       | If they can update the CPU to either the N95 and N100, it would
       | be the perfect machine. The current CPU is just too old.
        
       | ferbass wrote:
       | I've been running Zimaboard for the past one year and I have no
       | regrets. I replaced 2 Pi 3 that I was using before go run Pi-
       | Hole, Home Assistant and some other services. Power consumption
       | is quite good as well, no regrets, indeed a good alternative to
       | Pi and any other MiniPC.
        
       | hidden80 wrote:
       | [flagged]
        
       | aftbit wrote:
       | This looks like a nice home server if you have power, size, and
       | noise constraints. I enjoy used enterprise gear personally, but
       | my total power consumption is about 15x what this board uses.
        
       | jeo123 wrote:
       | 2nd hand laptops like those X and T series easily beat this
       | server with some RAM and SSD upgrades. I got T430 i3 and i5 for
       | around 150 dollars a piece. I dont see the needs of Zima unless
       | you really prefer new crippled compute. Even using Zulu or Rp5 or
       | Op5 make more sense than Zima.
        
         | hddherman wrote:
         | I've run the T430 as a server and it's faster, and a lot louder
         | as well. That's the trade-off.
        
       | dangus wrote:
       | These little boards are neat products but I think they tend to
       | compare poorly to used "normal computers."
       | 
       | If you want a Zimaboard system with 8GB of RAM, you're looking at
       | 200 bucks. You have to get the mid-range one just to get 4 cores.
       | 
       | I bought a used 2012 quad core Mac mini which also has 2 SATA
       | slots for about half that price. It idles at 13W according to
       | Apple, and the person who sold it to me already had it upgraded
       | to 16GB of RAM.
       | 
       | This is a machine with the "Apple tax," i.e., a higher resale
       | value than a PC.
       | 
       | You can jump on eBay and have a blast with "HP EliteDesk" as your
       | search term.
       | 
       | I have to admit, though, a PCIe slot on a system this small is
       | nice to have.
        
         | Medox wrote:
         | My compromise between pre-built Thin Clients and SBC's was
         | building my own Mini ITX PC. The 17x17cm form factor has just
         | enough connectivity for the size, even PCIe.
         | 
         | The 2018 build came in at ~250$: Asrock J4105-ITX [1] + mini
         | ITX case (with pico power supply included) + 2x4GB DDR4 + 128GB
         | SSD. Runs ClearLinux and works perfectly 5 years later.
         | 
         | The 2024 Mini ITX build will probably feature an Intel N100,
         | like the Asus Prime N100I-D D4-CSM [2] at around 120$ for the
         | board itself, but I'm still looking into options.
         | 
         | [1] https://www.asrock.com/mb/Intel/J4105-ITX/
         | 
         | [2] https://www.asus.com/motherboards-
         | components/motherboards/cs...
        
       | redder23 wrote:
       | I actually have one, installed Ubuntu and Ansible-Nas on it. Here
       | is me lsblk output: its supposed to have 32GB MMC space, I only
       | got 14GB. I wrote them an email about it, they asked for
       | confirmation of my order only to then ignore me.
       | 
       | mmcblk0 ... 14.7G
       | 
       | At and while I am at it, I can not access the docker services
       | from LAN even though I can ssh into it and I can locally via w3m
       | access the services like hemdall hosted thought docker. Any idea
       | what may fix this?
        
       | oneplane wrote:
       | Zima is average-good at branding and maybe styling and that's
       | about it. The hardware is pretty much random ODM low power
       | designs, but based on ancient 2016 era releases.
       | 
       | Maybe it's just a company in Hong Kong trying to offload old
       | inventory, maybe it's something else (i.e. Intel SIPP), but I
       | wouldn't recommend it either way, unless power is free and you
       | really want to minimally reduce e-waste (which is what this is).
       | 
       | You can get practically any later generation for the same (or
       | lower) price with the same (or better) features but higher
       | performance. Even a 5W design from Qotom from the same era would
       | be a better choice.
       | 
       | An example: an ODM has a X30G-N5100 which is a 4-core 4-threads
       | based Intel SoC from 2021 with (LP)DDR4 support burst to 2.8Ghz
       | and a TDP of 6W. Normally you'd not have them burn full power all
       | the time and you're more likely to use 3 to 4W. It has modern
       | features, modern security and mainstream support for all of it.
       | And if that's too new for you, you can get a J4xxx or N4xxx
       | series box for half the price of that zima, but double the
       | performance.
        
         | ghostly_s wrote:
         | Care to explain what an ODM is for this of us unfamiliar with
         | the term? I'm not finding any particularly clarifying search
         | results from the terms you used, AFAICT it's just a very broad
         | term for manufacturers of industrial controller boards,
         | embedded "Box PCs," etc. and doesn't refer to any specific
         | product category? The "box PCs" would be most analogous to this
         | product, but the problem with those is as a rule they do not
         | sell direct to consumer, and even if you do manage to find
         | someone willing to sell you one they come with a generous B2B
         | markup. But maybe you're talking about something else.
        
         | hendersoon wrote:
         | It does have a PCI-e slot, which is unusual in competing
         | products. But yeah, otherwise it's a matter of marketing
         | particularly with the Zimaboard. Their new Zimablade is much
         | more interesting; it's still old slow tech but they retained
         | the PCI-e slot and dropped the price all the way down to $65
         | US.
        
         | aborsy wrote:
         | But the selling point of this board is IO not CPU: 2X SATA,
         | ePCIe and 2X NIC. You can run proxmox on it with TrueNAS in
         | RAID1 and pfsense/opnsense in a vm.
        
           | ghostly_s wrote:
           | Isn't putting TrueNas in a VM a big no-no?
        
             | heatmiser wrote:
             | Pass the underlying disk or HBA to be fully owned by the
             | TrueNAS VM and you will be a-okay.
        
       | lakomen wrote:
       | A server without ECC RAM is not a server, sorry. It's a
       | catastrophe bound to happen.
        
         | WJW wrote:
         | This makes me think: is there some sort of kernel plugin that
         | ECC-ifies existing memory in software? Similar to how you can
         | implement RAID in software.
         | 
         | I even vaguely remember a kernel module (?) that transparently
         | performed in-RAM compression so that you effectively used less
         | memory at the cost of increased CPU usage. Can't find it
         | anymore though.
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | > remember a kernel module (?) that transparently performed
           | in-RAM compression
           | 
           | Zram? https://docs.kernel.org/admin-guide/blockdev/zram.html
           | 
           | It won't ECC your memory, but it can handle compression just
           | fine.
        
           | [deleted]
        
         | pomstazlesa wrote:
         | Ok, boom
        
         | asmor wrote:
         | Just remember, corruption happens outside the memory too.
        
         | huhtenberg wrote:
         | May not be a "catastrophe", but this is a perfectly valid
         | point.
         | 
         | RAM bitflips is one of the sources of bitrot. You may use ZFS,
         | do scrubbing and what not, yet still end up with a corrupted
         | data, because it'd be damaged before it hits the storage.
        
           | dharmab wrote:
           | I've seen a single bitflip cause a 3% error rate on a
           | production service
        
         | JKCalhoun wrote:
         | _Home_ server though? People use Raspberry Pis for home
         | servers.
         | 
         | Speaking of which, guessing the Raspberry Pi 5 with PCIe is
         | going to give the Zimaboard a run for its money.
        
       | cramjabsyn wrote:
       | Tbh second hand USFF or SFF PCs make excellent home servers. They
       | have powerful x86_64 CPUs, are power efficient and can be had for
       | sub $100
        
       | pmontra wrote:
       | If you care about Sata3 interfaces, the Odroid HC4 has two of
       | them with vertical disk holders. https://wiki.odroid.com/odroid-
       | hc4/odroid-hc4
       | 
       | The one I'm using as home server is consuming 3.48 W now with a
       | Samsung 850 SSD (1 TB.)
        
         | andruby wrote:
         | I wanted to add the Odroid H3 here as well. I've got it running
         | at 3~4W idle with a WD Black nvme m2 ssd. Standard x86 debian
         | server installation. 16GB of sodimm ram (supports up to 64GB).
         | 2x 2.5GbE ethernet. Passively cooled (fan optional). They sell
         | enclosures with space for 2 disks. $129 (excl shipping)
         | 
         | Great for samba shares and a bunch of containers.
         | 
         | https://www.hardkernel.com/shop/odroid-h3/
        
         | derekp7 wrote:
         | What speed can you get over ssh to that board? The big issue I
         | had with the Raspberry Pi 4 when using it as a low-powered
         | server is when I run my backups to it over ssh, the network
         | transfers top out at about 20 MB/s (just raw transfer speed
         | going to /dev/null) vs. around 100MB/s I get on a regular x86
         | board.
        
           | pmontra wrote:
           | I benchmarked it right now by copying a 6.1 GB file with scp
           | from my laptop to the HC4 SSD. It eventually peaked between
           | 77 and 80 MB/s (that's a B for bytes.) I have a 1 Gigabit
           | interface and a 10 Gb/s cable so it reasonably saturated the
           | interface. There were maybe another 10 or 20 MB/s to squeeze
           | from it but I won't complain. It took 1m 13s.
        
         | jefurii wrote:
         | I like the specs on the HC4 but that form factor just invites
         | passersby to yank out the drives.
        
           | pmontra wrote:
           | A home server should not be concerned with passersbys.
        
             | msk-lywenn wrote:
             | A home server should really be concerned by cats
        
         | tarruda wrote:
         | Very cool, but I really like wall-mounting these ARM SBC near
         | my router. This one seems unfit for that purpose.
         | 
         | The argon one raspberry pi 4 case is very good for wall
         | mounting, though it connects with the m.2 drive via USB 3,
         | which kinda sucks.
        
       | bobse wrote:
       | What is wyse 5070 extended?
        
       | okramcivokram wrote:
       | There's also the upcoming Zima Blade that is very tiny too, quite
       | a bit cheaper, with a SO-DIMM slot, single Ethernet port, and
       | USB-C powered.
        
         | thekombustor wrote:
         | The Zima Blade isn't actually USB-C powered - it's just a USB-C
         | port carrying a raw 12V. No PD negotiation supported.
         | 
         | Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I1bbD1kw334
         | 
         | Honestly, for me, total dealbreaker for a product like this.
         | Not only will it never work with anything other than the
         | original PSU, that PSU will likely fry anything else you plug
         | it into.
        
           | mike_d wrote:
           | Which is perfectly in spec. Feel free to email the USB
           | Implementers Forum and let them know they are clowns and
           | USB-C was a mistake.
           | 
           | USB-C simply describes a connector. USB-PD is one of many
           | optional power over USB-C specifications you can use, or
           | choose not to use. Heck, USB-PD v1 supports power delivery
           | over USB-A connectors.
        
             | nrp wrote:
             | This is incorrect. A USB-C power source can't be in-spec if
             | it doesn't supply 5V by default. Other voltages or alt
             | modes can be negotiated after that, but everything starts
             | at 5V. This is defined in the base " Universal Serial Bus
             | Type-C Cable and Connector Specification", not the optional
             | USB-PD spec.
        
             | thekombustor wrote:
             | My understanding is that an in-spec USB-C power supply will
             | supply 5V by default - then, upon negotiation with the
             | client, can go up to a higher voltage.
             | 
             | In the case of the Zimaboard, this is basically a 12V
             | barrel jack with a different shape. It just dumps 12V out
             | on the pins with no negotiation or considerations of the
             | client device.
             | 
             | I suspect if the downstream device was already 12V
             | compliant, it _might_ survive, but I wouldn 't count on
             | that nor would I be willing to test it.
        
       | Daril wrote:
       | After many years with 2 Raspberry Pi (3 version later upgraded to
       | 4) I bought 2 Minisforum GK41 : 1 CPU J4125, 8GB RAM, 256 GB
       | NVME, 2 Ethernet 1Gb/s, 1 SATA connector and internal slot for a
       | SSD disk.
       | 
       | It costed months ago more than 200 Euros, it is now available for
       | less than 150 Euros.
       | 
       | I am very satisfied, it is running Debian testing as server at
       | home and office.
       | 
       | The only drawback is the fan, but is very quiet.
       | 
       | I measured the power consumption and it is around 5W per hour,
       | the same amount of the Raspberry Pi 4.
        
       | jpdb wrote:
       | I really wish there was a device like this that could be used as
       | a type of "blade server" that could be inserted into a standard
       | 1u/2u short-depth rack mounted chassis. That would let me re-use
       | my existing 8u wallmounted rack instead of a shelf with zip-ties.
        
         | bsima wrote:
         | Check out compute blade https://docs.computeblade.com/
        
       | oktwtf wrote:
       | I'd really like to consolidate my FX8350, 32GB, 2xsata ssd,
       | 4xhdd, 4port gig pcie nic server into a lower power consumption
       | device. I think if it had dual 2.5g nics and dual nvme, plus a
       | couple sata built in I'd be happy. But more than one drive keyed
       | m.2 for nvme on a sbc isn't common, especially with sata or a
       | pcie slot.
       | 
       | I tried a RockPro64, but it didn't quite live up to the task.
        
       | justinclift wrote:
       | > This variant of the board costs 200 USD ...
       | 
       | Doesn't sound like a good deal when compared with 2nd hand
       | microservers and small form factor PCs from Ebay.
       | 
       | Things like these:
       | 
       | [?] https://www.ebay.com/itm/175917817224 - 2x NVMe slots
       | 
       | [?] https://www.ebay.com/itm/204477355543 - 4x 3.5" drives, ECC
       | memory capable
       | 
       | Note - I don't know those sellers.
        
         | MisterTea wrote:
         | The Lenovo Thinkcentre M720Q and M920Q have both an m.2 M key
         | and an internal PCIe x8 slot you can stuff a GPU, quad gigabit
         | or dual 10GbE into. No ECC though. Sells for about $100 on eBay
         | for a decent one with PSU that is the same PSU as their laptops
         | (Bonus if you're a Thinkpad user). You need a riser and rear
         | bracket for the PCIe slot that can be found on eBay for like
         | $25. I have a 6 core i5, 32GB RAM, a dual Intel 10Gb adapter
         | and 2TB NVMe in mine. Idles at 19W which is 2W less than the
         | rectangular trash can 10Gb Verizon router's 21W. Total build
         | cost was around $200 for all used hardware.
        
         | dheera wrote:
         | I find NUCs kind of just work for home servers, consume a very
         | reasonable amount of power (10W idle, 90W at full load, ~15-20W
         | average in my case), aesthetically very neutral, and run
         | standard Ubuntu distros with zero hardware driver issues.
         | Everything works out of the box with a vanilla install.
         | 
         | They're also available dirt cheap second-hand if you're okay
         | with a generation or two older processor, and you can use an
         | m.2 SSD inside the case without a dangling hard drive like I
         | see with TFA's Zimaboard setups.
        
         | doctorpangloss wrote:
         | These machines and the ZimaBoard absolute bottom of the barrel
         | cheapo NICs, which are the biggest source of issues for
         | networking devices.
         | 
         | In my experience using all of these, if you want to have
         | reliable networking, either use a Linux distribution that ships
         | with the quirks needed for specifically consumer NIC hardware
         | (like VyOS), or use a NIC that ships for the OCP platform (aka
         | commodity hyperscaler NICs) like the i350.
        
           | kjs3 wrote:
           | Yeah...this really bites the folks that don't do a lot of
           | networking and expect things to 'just work'. The forums are
           | filled with threads that start with 'I have this weird
           | bug/failure I can't debug...' that peter out with 'I replaced
           | the NIC with a good one and problem went away'. Those crappy
           | (looking at you, Realtek) NICs have all sorts of bizarre
           | issues that the vendors clearly don't care about beyond
           | 'works in Windows...ship it'. IME, if it's an Intel or
           | Broadcom chip, you're probably fine.
        
             | doctorpangloss wrote:
             | > if it's an Intel or Broadcom chip, you're probably fine.
             | 
             | You'd think, but a good test is to punch into google
             | "e1000e proxmox issues" or "i210 proxmox issues." You'll
             | discover that in addition to i225 issues another commenter
             | is talking about, the Intel NICs shipping on the USFF PCs
             | also have catastrophic issues in Linux and Windows.
        
             | justinclift wrote:
             | > if it's an Intel or Broadcom chip, you're probably fine
             | 
             | From rough memory, Intel has a bad rep with chipsets above
             | 1GbE speed.
             | 
             | I _think_ the problems are with their 2.5 and 5 GbE
             | chipsets (and not 10GbE?), but I don 't run those
             | personally so don't remember the exact specifics.
        
         | Jzush wrote:
         | If you don't need a stupid amount of compute power you can find
         | even cheaper alternatives. I bought a used Asus Chromebox CN60
         | for $21, put $20 of ram(16gigs) in it and a $20 256 gig ssd.
         | All in, ~$61 minus shipping and I have a small home server
         | running CasaOS. Same as the Zima Board, I have it running Home
         | Assistant, PiHole, a MariaDB instance & an image hosting
         | website for my wifes project. It happily hums away running on a
         | Cloudflare Tunnel. It's excellent! I had to set up my
         | Cloudflare Tunnel manually but it has since been added as an
         | app to the app repository.
         | https://github.com/IceWhaleTech/CasaOS-AppStore/issues/158
        
           | jcuenod wrote:
           | I'm doing pretty much the same thing with cloudflared on an
           | Acer cxi2 (Ubuntu server). I just use an external enclosure
           | with on old SSD I had and it cost me about $20 with 4gb of
           | RAM.
        
         | aequitas wrote:
         | I have the Gen8 microserver from your second link and what I
         | really like about it (besides the 4 bays) is that is has ILO.
         | Whenever there is a boot issue or I need to reinstall I don't
         | have to drag it out of my server closet onto my desk, find a
         | monitor and keyboard to hook it up to (now that I think about
         | it, I don't even have a VGA monitor anymore) just do basic BIOS
         | or GRUB stuff. It can all be handled via the web interface and
         | the HTML5 terminal works great. Biggest downside of this
         | machine is the power draw, even at idle.
         | 
         | I couldn't find anything in the Zimaboard docs about it, but my
         | guess is I'd have to find a mini displayport compatible monitor
         | if I ever need to do disaster recovery of the OS. This
         | especially becomes an issue with the eMMC, as you cannot swap
         | it out easily like an SD on a raspberry pi.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | Yeah, I have a few of the Gen8's too, and agree about the
           | iLO. Especially with the "advanced" iLO option, which the
           | BIOS doesn't check the validity of its license key... so you
           | can just look for an iLO key using your favourite search
           | engine and you're good to go. ;)
           | 
           | For fallback purposes I bought a VGA to HDMI adapter like
           | this:
           | 
           | https://www.scorptec.com.au/product/cables-&-adapters/displa.
           | ..
           | 
           | Not sure if that's the exact model I have (am in different
           | location atm, so can't check), but the pictures in that
           | listing look like the thing I have. It's worked fine in the
           | times I've needed to use it.
        
         | hddherman wrote:
         | Author here. Yes, you can get a better deal if you don't care
         | about the noise, but I value silence higher than having the
         | best performance per dollar.
        
           | Semaphor wrote:
           | See my comment here [0], passively cooled thin clients exist.
           | 
           | [0]: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=37820458
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | Yeah, that's fair. The first option there (HP ProDesk 600 G4
           | Mini) do seem to have a reputation for being noisy, though
           | replacing the fan with something quieter (eg Noctua) seems to
           | be what people do:
           | 
           | https://www.reddit.com/r/minilab/comments/zlowh2/hp_prodesk_.
           | ..
        
         | aborsy wrote:
         | You can't compare used products with brand new ones. You should
         | compare with a used zimaboard market price.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | Ebay doesn't list any used Zimaboards when I checked just
           | now. :/
        
           | 0x457 wrote:
           | Yeah, you can when we're talking about home servers.
        
         | densh wrote:
         | While comparing server prices it's useful add 3-4 years of
         | electricity cost of running it mostly idle 24/7. In europe new
         | small power efficient SoC boards often win in such comparison
         | over used socketed systems.
        
         | linsomniac wrote:
         | I have a couple of Dell versions similar to your first link,
         | the Micro form factor. They are nice and compact, but they have
         | heat issues. I have one running BlueIris security camera
         | software and have to run it with the case off and an extra fan
         | to keep it from going into thermal overload.
         | 
         | The next step larger systems are probably a better bet.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | Thanks, didn't know that. Will need to keep an eye out for
           | problems. :)
        
         | alias_neo wrote:
         | We don't all live in countries where electricity is near-free.
         | 
         | In the UK, it would cost more in electricity than the $200
         | Zimaboard to run one of those eBay machines for a single year.
         | 
         | e.g. 90W 24/7 for a year is ~PS212 (~$258 US), 60W 24/7: ~PS142
         | ($173 US)
         | 
         | In this price range, power-consumption is a _major_ decision
         | factor.
        
           | asmor wrote:
           | More reason to buy the kind of passively cooled mini PC
           | people get as pfSense routers from AliExpress & co. You get
           | Jasper Lake (2021) or even Alder Lake (2023) instead of the
           | much older Apollo Lake from 2016. The only thing you really
           | miss out on is the form factor and the PCIe slot.
        
             | belthesar wrote:
             | These machines are super attractive spec-wise for their
             | cost! However, and maybe it's FUD, I don't really trust the
             | power supplies or the firmwares on these units. I'd much
             | rather pay for a system with a power supply that is UL
             | certified and a system that, at least on the surface, has a
             | much better chain-of-custody for processor firmware. I know
             | I could replace the power supply with something UL
             | certified, but that now means I'm contributing to e-waste
             | needlessly. My eyes are currently peeled for a 12th-13th
             | gen i5/i7 1L system in my price bracket, as between the
             | heterogeneous cores to get solid power efficiency, the
             | ability to drop 2x NVMe SSDs and a lot of RAM, and on some
             | of them, even the ability to get 10 Gbit, I can hit my
             | ideal performance per watt budget and take advantage of my
             | NAS for high performance decentralized storage.
        
             | dominick-cc wrote:
             | I recently got one of those passive boxes with an N5105 for
             | opnsense. But I found it ran pretty hot. I was able to
             | replace the thermal paste and shim the cooler a bit to get
             | it closer to the CPU (there was originally a huge gap they
             | bridged with a glob of paste), and it lowered the temps a
             | bit, but it still hung out around 60-65c afterward. I think
             | that could be OK, but it still just felt too warm too the
             | touch. I ended up placing a USB 5V fan on the outside of
             | the case and now it sits around 40-45c which I'm more happy
             | with. But now I have a fan running 24/7 running on my
             | passive device.
             | 
             | At the end of this ordeal, I bought another machine (MSI
             | Cubi-N with an N200) for cheaper than the Topton Aliexpress
             | job, which includes an internal fan. The fan is super quiet
             | and the build quality is way better. And it comes from a
             | reputable manufacturer which I trust more to not load any
             | weird stuff into the bootloader. If I could do it again,
             | I'd probably try to make my Opnsense router out of an MSI
             | Cubi N with an N100 or N200, in both cases it would have
             | been cheaper, more powerful, and use less electricity than
             | the Aliexpress passive one. The only possible hiccup would
             | be non-Intel nics that the Cubi comes with.
             | 
             | Just some perspective from someone who recently bought a
             | couple of these devices.
        
             | aborsy wrote:
             | And 2X SATA ports, although they may not have enough power
             | to drive 2X 3.5" hard drives.
             | 
             | You could do 2X 4TB SSD ZFS RAID1.
        
             | alias_neo wrote:
             | Can't disagree with you there.
             | 
             | And I'm not a huge fan of the form-factor either, it gets
             | messy once you've got your SATA connectors, power and
             | ethernet.
             | 
             | Not suggesting Zima is the right solution, but ebaying
             | dated hardware often isn't either for many of us.
             | 
             | Don't get me wrong, it's great there are people who can use
             | this stuff and not pay disproportionate prices for
             | electricity to run it; but much of the world isn't in that
             | situation; maybe one day.
        
           | Mistletoe wrote:
           | The HP Prodesk is 12W idle though. I think the Zimaboard is
           | 8w idle.
           | 
           | I agree that power consumption is a big cost that people
           | don't think about though.
        
           | zekica wrote:
           | 90W is peak power consumption for these. They idle at about
           | 8-9W measured at the wall socket or $22-25/year.
        
             | alias_neo wrote:
             | That's why I included a 60W cost too. What's the point
             | running hardware 24/7/365 is it's idle?
        
               | tmpX7dMeXU wrote:
               | This just flat-out isn't representative of what I'd
               | expect a home server workload to be.
        
               | MisterTea wrote:
               | So you can connect on demand? My server is mostly idle
               | too as it only serves me.
        
               | sjsdaiuasgdia wrote:
               | Instant availability of the services provided without
               | waiting on bootup, wakeup, or anything else.
        
               | justinclift wrote:
               | 60W might be right for an ancient desktop, but it isn't
               | correct for at least the above microserver (2nd item).
               | From rough memory, mine were under 40W (38W?) when the
               | drives were spun up and active.
               | 
               | And likely isn't correct for the minipc (1st item)
               | either, though I've not got one of those (yet) to measure
               | it.
        
               | stavros wrote:
               | My Silver Lake NUC runs at around 8 W (IIRC) idle
               | (running a few services, but not actively serving
               | requests). It's 30 W or so at peak load.
               | 
               | Even my i3 NUC isn't that much heavier, consuming 15ish W
               | (IIRC again) idle.
        
               | firecall wrote:
               | Because home servers tend to be bursty on demand
               | workloads.
               | 
               | If you doing something that is hammering a CPU at 100%
               | 24/7, then you'd get a faster CPI to get the workload
               | completed faster and you'd be back to having idle CPU
               | cycles...
               | 
               | Now RAM on the other hand!
               | 
               | Free RAM is wasted RAM!
        
               | johnmaguire wrote:
               | > Free RAM is wasted RAM!
               | 
               | ZFS will take care of that for you.
        
           | dominick-cc wrote:
           | If you want low power, check out the N100 systems that are
           | out now. They use like 3W. I bought the N200 from this deal
           | recently and it's a great little machine that can handle a
           | lot of Plex transcodes https://slickdeals.net/f/16934029-msi-
           | cubi-n-adl-dual-nic-in...
           | 
           | It's interesting that these N100 systems can cost less than
           | some of the Zima products. So for me, I don't see much of an
           | upside of going with them.
        
             | squarefoot wrote:
             | Also, there are multiple SATA to m2 interfaces to get more
             | ports on small PCs.
             | 
             | https://www.ebay.com/itm/203655558873 (no relation with the
             | seller)
             | 
             | Although multiple SATA to USB3 cases should be a viable
             | option too; I plan to build my next home server using one
             | of them paired to a mini PC with lower power requirements
             | than the one I use now.
        
             | Aleklart wrote:
             | It is not true, N100 system consuming 30w at full load (or
             | 15-25w if set in bios), and around 7-10w idle. Previous
             | generation atoms systems were around 20w max. Even older
             | systems like n3150 - 15w. Anything USB connected can add
             | another 5-10w permanently.
        
             | layer8 wrote:
             | The MSI isn't fanless though. For a passively cooled N100
             | mini PC, look at the ASUS ExpertCenter PN42 or the upcoming
             | Zotac ZBOX edge CI343. You'll pay a bit more than for the
             | ZimaBoard though.
        
             | doubled112 wrote:
             | As I read through the article I came to exactly the same
             | conclusion.
             | 
             | I have an N95 mini PC that was $195 CAD, which came with
             | 16GB RAM and a 500GB NVMe. It will also hold one SATA
             | drive. All in a single box, although it is slightly larger
             | and has a fan.
             | 
             | The NVMe slot on the Orange Pi 5 I use also keeps that mess
             | down to a minimum. Power + network and that's a finished
             | setup.
             | 
             | Edit: There are a TON of options in this space now. The
             | value of 10 year old eBay gear is questionable at best.
        
             | mmcgaha wrote:
             | N100 and N200 systems are perfect price/performance for
             | small servers. I am running a 7-year-old N3710 fanless
             | laptop right now and it performs well enough for a few tiny
             | sites and a postgresql database. I am pretty sure we
             | reached this point ten years ago but I was too numb to
             | notice it but low power devices have become powerful enough
             | to replace the dedicated servers that we were spending tons
             | of money on twenty years ago.
        
               | kjs3 wrote:
               | Once you get objective about what you're using that home
               | server for, this is so true. Ignoring things like
               | crypotomining or $FOO-At-Home gamified compute grinding,
               | the vast majority of home needs are met by the lowest end
               | processors. The J4105-based mini-pc I have running VMware
               | isn't annoyingly slower (tho to be fair is definitely not
               | faster) than the 10 year old server it replaced, but uses
               | a fraction of the power and makes no noise.
        
           | justinclift wrote:
           | These idle at a small fraction of what you feel is the
           | expected power consumption, so your pricing calculation per
           | year is _way_ off. Far too high.
           | 
           | The cpu in the microserver (2nd item) is socketed, so you can
           | swap it out for something lower power if you really wanted
           | to.
           | 
           | For me, I've actually upgraded the cpus in my microservers
           | (several of them) as I tend to use them hard at times. :)
        
           | vanishingzero wrote:
           | [dead]
        
           | jnsaff2 wrote:
           | As others have said 60 or 90W is just not true.
           | 
           | Have a look at systems people have built or tested [0]. The
           | cutoff for this table is 30W max.
           | 
           | [0] https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1LHvT2fRp7I6Hf18Lc
           | Szs...
        
           | orangeisthe wrote:
           | 90W f24/7? Let me stop you right there
        
           | SantiagoElf wrote:
           | EU/UK slowly going back to the Dark Ages. 'Eletricity is too
           | expensive'.
           | 
           | What is next - I shower once per week to preserve energy :D
        
           | Zetobal wrote:
           | It's not the 00s anymore hardware can idle and handle light
           | workloads without sucking the full tdp out of the socket.
        
           | cramjabsyn wrote:
           | They run laptop components so try more like 5-15W normally
        
         | bluGill wrote:
         | This is passively cooled. Fans are likely to be the first thing
         | to fail on a setup like this. Plus it is likely you are running
         | 24x7, and so fans means dust gets inside and eventually will
         | kill things.
        
           | Semaphor wrote:
           | I got a refurbished J4105 8GB RAM thin client for 40EUR, 2
           | m.2 SSD slots (though one required an adapter, and only that
           | one is NVMe, so lets add another $15 for the adapter),
           | passively cooled.
           | 
           | The case doesn't look as nice, but still over 100EUR
           | difference for a slightly faster, slightly newer CPU. And
           | while not officially, it does support 16 GB RAM if I ever
           | decide to upgrade. It does not have GBe ports, so that is
           | probably the biggest reason to go with this board instead,
           | besides wanting the sleek case.
           | 
           | edit: It's the Futro S740
        
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