[HN Gopher] Summary of "The Procrastination Equation"
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       Summary of "The Procrastination Equation"
        
       Author : caned
       Score  : 87 points
       Date   : 2023-10-05 23:41 UTC (2 days ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.njlifehacks.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.njlifehacks.com)
        
       | julianeon wrote:
       | > Procrastination exists because there are two distinctly
       | different personalities living inside all of us. There's the
       | primitive and impulsive side of us and there's the rational and
       | thought-through side of us. Those personalities line up with
       | different brain regions: the limbic system (seat of our impulses)
       | and the prefrontal cortex (seat of our reason and willpower).
       | 
       | Respectfully, this is a discredited scientific model of the
       | brain. In short, emotions are "whole brain" things which cannot
       | be localized to one part of the brain that precisely. See
       | Barrett's book "How Emotions are Made" for more.
        
         | Karellen wrote:
         | > > Procrastination exists because there are two distinctly
         | different personalities living inside all of us.
         | 
         | > Respectfully, this is a discredited scientific model of the
         | brain.
         | 
         | Agreed. There are three personalities in my brain.
         | 
         | The rational decision maker, the instant gratification monkey,
         | and the chaos monster:
         | 
         | https://waitbutwhy.com/2013/10/why-procrastinators-procrasti...
        
           | jprete wrote:
           | Tim Urban's model is not exactly scientific, either. If I
           | were labeling personalities in my brain I'd have a completely
           | different set.
        
       | mat_epice wrote:
       | As a bit of a meta conversation, I'm a bit torn over book
       | summaries as articles.
       | 
       | I've suffered through many books that had a very good message,
       | but should have been 20% as long as they were. Much repetition in
       | every possible spot, just to end up with a book of a respectable
       | length that people don't feel bad spending $15 on. Comprehensive
       | summaries are a great way to get around that.
       | 
       | On the other hand, these summaries are (by definition) derivative
       | works that serve almost entirely as just distillations of the
       | book. There's some opinion rolled in, but the description of the
       | source material goes far beyond a book review to the point that
       | it could be seen as a time- and money-saving replacement. If I
       | were an author, I wouldn't be happy that my book was interpreted
       | by a random third party, let alone that many folks will assume
       | they got the value from the work and won't buy it.
        
       | satisfice wrote:
       | There is so much ignorance about "procrastination." Stop
       | demonizing it and start respecting yourself. There is wisdom in
       | your procrastination. We are all optimizing (or satisficing,
       | really) over a great many variables, all the time.
       | 
       | I learned decades ago that what I thought was dirty shameful
       | procrastination was a complex and important process of
       | negotiating with my unconscious to get work done. For some kinds
       | of things, my reluctance to get going is evidence that something
       | is not right about the work itself-- I should not have agreed to
       | do it in the first place and I should unagree to it. For other
       | kinds of things, it's just a sign that my unconscious is still
       | working on the problem and I should let it do its thing.
       | 
       | I use a method I call "procrastinate and push" which means I
       | spend a little while trying to get the word done and if I feel
       | resistance, I let it go until tomorrow. Then I try again. I
       | alternate between pushing and completely ignoring the work, until
       | at some point, either I conclude I will never do it, or more
       | likely the wall suddenly gives way and I find I have the answers.
       | 
       | It's like my brain is in the kitchen, cooking, and it unlocks the
       | door when the soup is more or less ready.
        
         | asynchronous wrote:
         | A good backup to this, is that in the essay writing example,
         | the student will undoubtedly write a better essay at the end of
         | the semester when he has learned more and has other peers
         | asking questions about it, than if he started right away and
         | wrote it. The math makes perfect sense.
        
       | jll29 wrote:
       | > Impulsiveness. This refers to your sensitivity to delay. The
       | more impulsive you are, the less willing you are to delay
       | gratification. The more impulsive you are, the more you value
       | immediate rewards over long-term rewards.
       | 
       | > Delay. This indicates how long you must wait to receive the
       | expected rewards, benefits, payouts. The longer you have to wait,
       | the less motivated you'll be and the more likely you are to
       | procrastinate.
       | 
       | This may sound convincing at the surface, but I feel it is not a
       | good model of what was happening when I procrastinated a bit e.g.
       | as a doctoral student. I observed that if I was expected to work
       | on X, I suddenly had great ideas (and motivations) to do Y, where
       | Y was also some piece of scientific work, just not in the realm
       | of what I was supposed to work on (Y != X). So explanations in
       | terms of impulsiveness or instant gratification don't seem to be
       | what was going on there. Also, if you are smart, you know that
       | procrastination activities defer your gratification even further.
       | 
       | The best ways to beat procrastination turned out to be (for me,
       | at the time):
       | 
       | 1. write up any ideas briefly so you can tell yourself "I've
       | preserved it, I can get back to it later."
       | 
       | 2. chop your main work into little chunks, get the first one done
       | and then reward yourself (book shopping and chocolate work
       | miracles), then onto the next one.
       | 
       | 3. if a TO DO list had 10 sub-pieces of work on it, try to pick
       | one that seems the least effort instead of necessarily doing them
       | in the default order (where this is possible). This helps get you
       | into work mode; once completed, see reward yourself.
        
         | Flimm wrote:
         | The ideas that you mention are discussed in the book, and fit
         | in the procrastination equation. For example, when you chop up
         | your main work into little chunks and reward yourself for each
         | chunk, you are decreasing the delay factor of the equation, by
         | decreasing the time it takes to get the first taste of a
         | reward. You are also increasing the value factor, by adding
         | additional rewards, and increasing the expectancy factor, but
         | making the first baby steps seem more achievable.
        
         | itronitron wrote:
         | Your steps are also good practice for getting things done in
         | general.
         | 
         | I would add that part of the main work is to further subdivide
         | any chunks that are poorly defined, and that the time spent
         | elaborating and subdividing chunks is a productive work
         | activity.
         | 
         | Ideally, at the end of a workday I like to have at least one or
         | two chunks sufficiently defined that when I show up the next
         | morning I can just sit down and complete them without having to
         | put any thought into it.
        
         | jprete wrote:
         | I agree. For me, procrastination is purely about the emotions I
         | have regarding the task - uncertainty, disgust, or fear of
         | failure. It has nothing to do with the delay or size of the
         | reward, because I'm already dealing with a large and immediate
         | emotional penalty.
        
       | hashtag-til wrote:
       | Based on the comments, seems we don't like this book.
       | 
       | I'm a work procrastinator (I feel bad about it), but I can read
       | book.
       | 
       | Which book you read in this area that helped with your
       | procrastination problem?
       | 
       | There is a Further Reading in the article - any of those?
        
       | RedShift1 wrote:
       | Bookmarked for tomorrow
        
         | bch wrote:
         | Note to self: come back to upvote
        
           | [deleted]
        
       | 0x008 wrote:
       | There is nothing new in the article, it is basic motivational
       | "science".
       | 
       | However, I feel this does not apply for me and greatly misses one
       | of the main aspects of procrastination: the fear of
       | disappointment. Can I fulfill my parents expectations? Can I
       | fulfill my own expectations? Will I fail? Will it hurt to face my
       | own demons and my own fears of not succeeding?
       | 
       | Am I just different? I thought this was what procrastination is
       | about for everyone.
        
         | pc86 wrote:
         | I'm sure many have the same feelings as you, however for me
         | procrastination has always been (to use a college example not
         | super relevant these days) "I'd rather do $A than $B, even if
         | that means doing $B later means I'll do a worse job at it"
         | where $B is something like writing a paper and $A is hanging
         | out with friends or playing video games or something. I haven't
         | much experienced the "I'd rather do $ANYTHING than $B because I
         | might not do very well at $B regardless," at least not
         | consciously.
        
           | Swizec wrote:
           | Here's a super common pattern of procrastination for me that
           | is similar to fear of failing, or even related:
           | 
           | "I'd rather do $ANYTHING than $B because I don't actually
           | know how to get started with $B or haven't yet decided it's
           | the right next step"
           | 
           | In those moments the gut is trying to tell me something
           | important. Usually $B is not in fact the correct next step
           | and a better option $C exists if I just take the time to look
           | around a little.
           | 
           | Of course sometimes the gut is just afraid or needs more info
           | in which case you gotta give $B a forceful attempt to see how
           | it feels. Often it ends up working just fine or you gain
           | additional info that makes $C super obvious.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | > the fear of disappointment. Can I fulfill my parents
         | expectations? Can I fulfill my own expectations? Will I fail?
         | Will it hurt to face my own demons and my own fears of not
         | succeeding?
         | 
         | This falls pretty squarely into the "expectancy" factor. You
         | don't have faith that you'll obtain a pleasing outcome, hence
         | you procrastinate instead.
         | 
         | From the article "Expectancy. Do you expect to succeed? Are you
         | confident in your ability to achieve a great outcome in
         | whatever you aspire to do? If your expectancy is high, then
         | you'll be more motivated and you'll procrastinate less. It's
         | only natural: you're more motivated to pursue something that
         | gives you a good chance of having a pleasing outcome."
        
         | tomek_ycomb wrote:
         | This is 100% not just you. Procrastination for many people in
         | an avoidance mechanism of sorts related to anxieties.
         | 
         | New York times article on procrastination was pretty nice
         | called "why you procrastinate"
        
       | crdrost wrote:
       | > In other words, we procrastinate on tasks because they're not
       | our highest motivation.
       | 
       | I think we need to draw a distinction _a la_ economics' "revealed
       | preference" here, because there's the famous divide between
       | importance and urgency and "motivation" compacts the two.
       | 
       | My version of this is agnostic to the reason why, it's the maxim,
       | "Never top priority, never happens." If you find yourself never
       | cleaning up tech debt, then as a matter of "revealed priority" I
       | can assert that it was never your top priority, but I can't say
       | exactly why, that's for you to find out. Makes it really easy to
       | solve some of those problems, "we have 13 weeks in the quarter,
       | that will be allocated as 5 two-week sprints and 3 "refactor
       | weeks," hey, now it will be top priority at some point!
       | 
       | > The reward for writing, on the other hand, is distant at the
       | beginning of the semester.
       | 
       | The Goldratt book _Critical Chain_ talks about this in the
       | context of one-off projects like software has to deal with,
       | calling it "Student Syndrome," the idea that we actually build a
       | lot of safety buffer into our project deadlines and then we
       | immediately waste it all because the urgency becomes so low. I
       | have an experiment called Hot Potato Agile that would in theory
       | fix this, I wrote it up in a Google Doc somewhere, if you have a
       | team struggling with deadlines and looking for a better way, let
       | me know and I can share it.
       | 
       | > And so, you're faced with a decision between what you want and
       | what the monkey wants, between immediate gratification and long-
       | term success.
       | 
       | There's a bit of research showing this to be kind of a naive
       | take, coming from the obesity side where the willpower is viewed
       | as being used to eat healthy things and the impulse is to eat
       | crappy snack food. And the core finding is just that it is an
       | environment that you sign yourself up for. So if you go to the
       | grocery store and say "I'm not going to bring those junky foods
       | into my house," then that is very easy for your willpower to do
       | at the time, assuming you don't go there hungry. And these are
       | the so-called high-willpower people. But they didn't have more
       | willpower overall, they just shifted it left. The people who
       | struggle with willpower are the people who don't use the little
       | bit earlier and instead fill their houses with junk food and then
       | when they need to grab a bite between tasks, that's the natural
       | thing to choose.
       | 
       | So for example my shell scripts often involve the OSX "Say"
       | command, so that if I'm waiting on a long running process and I
       | give myself permission to start browsing Hacker News or whatever,
       | I don't leave it on my own recognizance to check back in on the
       | work. The work comes and tells me that it's done, interrupts my
       | flow elsewhere. Stuff like that. Stop victim blaming, recognize
       | that you are part of these larger attention networks, redesign
       | the flow through those networks accordingly. The monkey is _on
       | your side_!
       | 
       | > It means we should watch our diet and eat as healthy as we can.
       | 
       | This is actually probably the best advice, in the whole article.
       | The constant ensugarification of a tired person trying to stay
       | engaged, the amount that the body needs to work to streamline all
       | of the blood sugar variability, it literally exhausts your
       | mitochondria, you literally have less energy. If you can
       | radically cut down the sugar intake and up the sleep and exercise
       | --no diet here, diets can crash your metabolism, just swap out
       | the sugars for starches--you can give them a chance to heal and
       | that will help with everything.
        
         | tomek_ycomb wrote:
         | These are good ideas in my opinion, but somewhat came through
         | to me as a little bit laden with judgement and negativity.
         | 
         | That might work well for you, but I have only been able to work
         | on these things through a relatively shame-less perspective,
         | and have found progress there. Just pointing it out there for
         | anyone who like me may have kind of liked and disliked your
         | reply
        
       | conjectures wrote:
       | Puts an equation front and centre. Eschews brackets.
        
         | layer8 wrote:
         | The book actually uses a fraction bar.
        
       | Mimmy wrote:
       | For clarity it should be:
       | 
       | MOTIVATION = EXPECTANCY x VALUE / (IMPULSIVENESS x DELAY)
        
       | wouldbecouldbe wrote:
       | "Put differently, the motivation for engaging in distractions has
       | become much higher while the motivation for work has stayed more
       | or less the same. The result? Procrastination."
       | 
       | Is skipping over the fact that the industry of knowledge workers
       | has grown exponentially. You're much less likely to procrastinate
       | in manual work, especially in a group.
        
       | regularfry wrote:
       | Can anyone figure out what the units would be? Delay is
       | presumably time, and I can accept money for "value" because it's
       | a sort of usable proxy for other internalised value systems.
       | 
       | Is expectancy "estimated probability of success"? That would make
       | it unitless, and I _think_ impulsiveness is supposed to be
       | unitless too:  "sensitivity to <other factor>" sounds like a
       | unitless scaling parameter to me.
       | 
       | That would mean, according to this equation, motivation is
       | measured in dollars per day.
       | 
       | I am in this equation and I don't like it.
        
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       (page generated 2023-10-08 23:00 UTC)