[HN Gopher] Is the first cure for advanced rabies near?
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       Is the first cure for advanced rabies near?
        
       Author : PaulHoule
       Score  : 53 points
       Date   : 2023-10-07 18:38 UTC (4 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (medicalxpress.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (medicalxpress.com)
        
       | unsupp0rted wrote:
       | > Low levels of the virus remained in the mice that received the
       | antibody, but those levels didn't increase and signs of rabies
       | did not immediately return, the results showed.
        
       | sandworm101 wrote:
       | Question: for the cost of a single treatment for symptomatic
       | rabies, how many vaccinations could be administered? We might not
       | be able to properly cure rabies, but we could possibly wipe it
       | out. Even in animals, eatable rabies vaccinations might work.
        
       | kirdiekirdie wrote:
       | It would suck to be included in the trial and then be randomly
       | selected into the placebo group.
        
         | Asooka wrote:
         | This seems like a trial that doesn't need a placebo group. We
         | have a lot of data on people being infected with rabies and
         | it's exceedingly rare for them to spontaneously recover.
         | Basically, you could say the placebo trials have been carried
         | out already.
        
         | littlestymaar wrote:
         | I know you're joking but I still want to say you don't need a
         | placebo group for a disease with 100% fatality rate.
        
           | greggsy wrote:
           | I suspected the same, but I don't know enough about controls
           | for extremely small test groups.
        
             | jncfhnb wrote:
             | It's not extremely small. It's extremely consistent that
             | matters.
        
         | MarioPython wrote:
         | Honest question, would this really need a control goup given
         | that 100% people die of it? What would the control group
         | prevent or provide?
        
           | fatfingerd wrote:
           | I don't remember the beginning premise of Shaun of the Dead,
           | but rabid positive thinkers reentering society sounds about
           | right.
        
           | jncfhnb wrote:
           | No it would not be necessary. A control group would give you
           | confidence that it wasn't some other aspect of the experiment
           | that resulted in people surviving. But we have strong enough
           | priors on rabies that we should feel confident the
           | probability of accidentally curing rabies with a different
           | aspect of the experiment is extremely small.
        
             | Aeolun wrote:
             | If that were the case we could do a later experiment to
             | establish that factor. "We're doing 'something' that makes
             | people survive" is good enough for a first attempt.
        
           | gotstad wrote:
           | No, and must likely the ethical committee review would reject
           | the use of a placebo group in the study.
        
       | graeme wrote:
       | Given that the symptomatic rabies leads to death in 100% of cases
       | currently, wouldn't it make sense to try a version of this in
       | those few cases when someone in North America does get rabies?
       | 
       | They already tried the experimental Milwaukee protocol even
       | though it wasn't clinically established (and in fact didn't work)
        
         | ryeights wrote:
         | >(and in fact didn't work)
         | 
         | This review [1] cites 11 documented survival outcomes of the
         | Milwaukee and related Recife protocols. Is there a basis to
         | your claim?
         | 
         | [1]: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7670764/
        
         | jjtheblunt wrote:
         | towards the end of the article, they say it makes sense to test
         | in India because they get large numbers of advanced rabies
         | cases whereas north america supposedly gets zero.
        
         | karaterobot wrote:
         | Once again, every single comment is picking apart the least
         | important aspect of a comment. Though it works a small
         | percentage of the time or not, the Milwaukee protocol is
         | evidently not nearly effective enough, thus necessitating this
         | research into a cure.
         | 
         | Your question stands: why not test it? There's precedent for
         | testing unproven drugs on humans in extremis, so it's not that.
         | 
         | As a halfhearted stab in the direction of an answer: I assume
         | they will try it in human rabies victims in a later phase,
         | they're just testing it in mice first.
        
           | bsder wrote:
           | > Your question stands: why not test it?
           | 
           | Because there are so few late stage rabies victims that you
           | simply can't get the data?
           | 
           | By and large in the US, people know the protocol--get bitten
           | by a strange animal, head to the ER and get ready for rabies
           | shots. And it almost always works.
           | 
           | Apparently, the US never had a post-exposure death until one
           | 84-year-old man with an immune deficiency (and a bunch of
           | other health issues) died of it. It's not clear anything
           | would have worked for him. https://www.unmc.edu/healthsecurit
           | y/transmission/2023/04/04/...
           | 
           | Basically, the only people who die of rabies are those who
           | missed that they got bit or those who were dumb enough to
           | refuse the vaccine. And there just aren't that many of them.
        
         | anon291 wrote:
         | The Milwaukee protocol is not particularly good. It has a low
         | survival rate.
         | 
         | However considering the normal survival rate is zero... It's a
         | lot better
         | 
         | I mean.. you can't say it doesn't work if it led to the first
         | ever documented case of rabies survival. That's amazing.
        
         | marcodiego wrote:
         | > rabies leads to death in 100%
         | 
         | That is not true anymore. There are two known protocols with a
         | small chance of working but which have already saved about a
         | few dozen lives. They are called "the Milwaukee protocol" and
         | "the Recife protocol" after the cities they were developed.
        
           | drunkendog wrote:
           | Not sure about the Recife protocol, but it's pretty much
           | accepted now that the Milwaukee protocol doesn't work[1][2] -
           | the initial case may have been some other encephalitis
           | mimicking rabies.
           | 
           | [1] https://journals.lww.com/pidj/fulltext/2015/06000/the__mi
           | lwa...
           | 
           | [2] https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-
           | of-...
        
             | logicchains wrote:
             | Your second link is an error 404, page not found.
        
               | IvyMike wrote:
               | https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/canadian-journal-
               | of-...
        
         | littlestymaar wrote:
         | > They already tried the experimental Milwaukee protocol even
         | though it wasn't clinically established (and in fact didn't
         | work)
         | 
         | It worked for the first patient on which it's been tried
         | though! Which is still an objective win even if it wasn't
         | particularly successful afterwards.
        
           | drunkendog wrote:
           | The first patient might not actually have had rabies.
        
         | [deleted]
        
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