[HN Gopher] Alleged AMD Zen 5 Specs Leak: Twice the Cores, 15% I...
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       Alleged AMD Zen 5 Specs Leak: Twice the Cores, 15% Increased IPC
       over Ryzen 7000
        
       Author : mkl
       Score  : 88 points
       Date   : 2023-09-30 13:09 UTC (9 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.tomshardware.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.tomshardware.com)
        
       | zamadatix wrote:
       | These will finally cross a (useless and arbitrary) gap we've been
       | at the doorstep of for the last 3 CPU generations: having enough
       | threads in a consumer class CPU to change the task manager from
       | line graphs to bar graphs!
       | 
       | In all seriousness, what I like about AMDs approach with the high
       | core count complexes is they aren't completely different cores
       | like the Intel efficiency cores, they're just slower cores. I do
       | wish they'd take that as an opportunity to go crazy with the
       | primary cores though, doing something like 4 or 6 asolutely giant
       | cores and 16 small cores to give it a bit more than a 15% boost
       | for those things which can't take advantage of having a bazillion
       | cores available.
        
       | snvzz wrote:
       | The Tenstorrent Ascalon RISC-V microarchitecture is, according to
       | tenstorrent slides, competitive with Zen5.
       | 
       | Chiplets TBA in 2024. Same year Zen5 will be.
       | 
       | Exciting times.
        
         | brucethemoose2 wrote:
         | Tenstorrent made lots of promises, like the PCIe card ML
         | accelerators which have yet to retail (and are probably
         | obsolete by now).
         | 
         | The proof is in the puddin. Ascalon will be exciting when it is
         | sitting on store shelves, and not before.
        
         | Scaevolus wrote:
         | Many CPUs have claimed to be competitive with x86, but it
         | rarely pans out. Being able to match the IPC on a
         | microbenchmark is good, but they often struggle with poorly
         | tuned, low bandwidth cache and memory controllers.
        
           | sapiogram wrote:
           | I'd say Apple got there with their M1 and M2 chips. But it
           | took 10 years of incrementally improving on an already
           | commercially viable cpu, unlike what tensortorrent is
           | claiming.
        
           | snvzz wrote:
           | I would like to think Wei-Han Lien's (who previously led M1
           | at Apple) Ascalon team, as well as Jim Keller (CEO), industry
           | veterans as they are, definitely use industry standard
           | benchmarks, and avoid the mistake of extrapolating IPC from
           | microbenchmarks.
           | 
           | But maybe I'm too optimistic?
        
             | sapiogram wrote:
             | Given the choice between exaggerating the performance and
             | getting funded, and _not_ exaggerating and running out of
             | money, I think everyone ends up choosing the former.
        
             | JustLurking2022 wrote:
             | I'll bet the publicize whatever benchmark looks most
             | competitive to get the next funding. That's no criticism,
             | just the way every business somewhat has to work in a
             | competitive industry.
        
           | vardump wrote:
           | Watt for watt, Apple's M2 demolishes anything x86 has to
           | offer so far.
        
             | tails4e wrote:
             | Latest zen4 is very competitive power wise with M2, M2
             | still has the crown,but laptop battery life is dominated by
             | other parts of the system when you're down to 1 to 2 W of
             | cpu power for light workloads.
        
               | paulmd wrote:
               | only in cinebench or other dense math workloads afaik
               | (especially ones that don't use vector extensions on
               | ARM).
               | 
               | SPEC benchmarks have M1 Max demolishing x86 in a lot of
               | real-world applications. Similarly, in things like CFD
               | the M2 Ultra absolutely demolishes server processors let
               | alone laptops.
               | 
               | https://images.anandtech.com/graphs/graph17024/117494.png
               | 
               | https://images.anandtech.com/graphs/graph17024/117495.png
               | 
               | http://hrtapps.com/blogs/20220427/
               | 
               | cinebench really just tests one thing, arithmetic
               | intensity, and it doesn't represent cache performance,
               | branching, reordering, or anything else in a processor.
               | but those are actually quite important to real workloads.
               | 
               | let's look at perf/w for, let's say gcc (chrome
               | compiles?) or PGBench or something besides cinebench and
               | see how the picture looks then.
        
               | tails4e wrote:
               | Those charts are at 35w for the Ryzen, so calling that a
               | comparison with a server class processor is a stretch. I
               | don't see the power of the M2 in those benchmarks, do you
               | know what it was for reference?
        
               | elabajaba wrote:
               | All those charts are showing older x86 CPUs (on worse
               | nodes), and don't contain any Zen 4 CPUs.
        
               | flamedoge wrote:
               | Would you say x86 is held back by lack of scalable vector
               | processing, limited to AVX512? ARM must be doing
               | something better power efficiency and parallel
               | processing, that x86 was too complacent in.
        
             | McDyver wrote:
             | On the same line, watt for watt, pen and paper demolishes
             | anything Apple has to offer. Now and forever.
             | 
             | One single, isolated metric is not the way to compare
             | things
        
               | frutiger wrote:
               | How much energy do you need to put into a human for it to
               | calculate a 10 digit multiplication?
        
               | celrod wrote:
               | We supposedly consume about 100 watts at rest. Given that
               | my flops are low (less than one!), I don't think I'm an
               | efficient processor. At least for floating point
               | operations. Producing paper and ink cartridges isn't
               | free, either.
               | 
               | I might be competitive with an LLM + GPUs, but I imagine
               | it'll demolish me on throughput.
        
               | monocasa wrote:
               | I run inference pretty efficiently with those 100 watts.
        
       | hinkley wrote:
       | Is anyone else finding that AWS is overcharging for the Zen 4
       | CPUS? I get better price performance for m6a vs m6i but the M7
       | series is too close to call for my workload.
       | 
       | This is really dampening my enthusiasm for future AMD hardware. I
       | wonder if AMD is aware of the damage Amazon is doing to them
       | right now.
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | lend000 wrote:
         | It makes sense in my case where I want strong single threaded
         | performance, but it doesn't seem compelling to switch from
         | Graviton if single threaded latency isn't important.
        
         | singhrac wrote:
         | Yeah, I found this too. For our specific workloads (data
         | science) m7i-flex works well enough that I don't mind, but it
         | was not an obvious upgrade from m6a like I expected it to be.
        
         | derefr wrote:
         | Supply and demand, I think -- their DCs just don't have that
         | many of that instance-type to go around.
         | 
         | On GCP, even to this day, the Zen 2+3 instance type (N2D)
         | doesn't _cost_ more than the equivalent Intel N2 type; but you
         | get very low _quotas_ for N2D CPUs per project, and they
         | aggressively refuse quota increases for them.
         | 
         | I assume that AWS here went with the other option for Zen 4,
         | and just raised the price until demand went down enough that
         | nobody was hitting the quotas any more. After all, they can
         | always lower it later.
        
           | hinkley wrote:
           | They've only been out for six weeks. We've just done so many
           | migrations in the last few years that it's pretty simple for
           | us to upgrade things. Figuring out how many nodes to run is
           | the only part that takes brain cells.
        
       | drewg123 wrote:
       | I have an "old" 32c/64t threadripper 2990-WX as my primary dev
       | machine. I'm really looking forward to a consumer grade Zen5 with
       | 32c/64t as an upgrade, as threadripper is now locked to high
       | costs OEMs..
       | 
       | In fact, I wonder how much market there will be for threadripper
       | once we have 32c/64t consumer grade desktop CPUS.
        
         | colejohnson66 wrote:
         | Wasn't Threadripper more of a "because we can" product, not a
         | mainstream one? The price jump from the highest end Zens to the
         | lowest end Threadrippers seems to indicate that.
        
           | drewg123 wrote:
           | Yes, it is basically a prosumer version of the Epyc server
           | CPUS, limit to a single socket, and with higher clocks.
           | 
           | What frustrates me is that in the last 2 or so generations,
           | you cannot simply buy a CPU. One has to buy an entire system
           | from a vendor like Lenovo or HP. When I built my box in 2018,
           | the 2990-WX was available for ~$1900. Which is a lot, but
           | doesn't match the $5k->10k prices for the entire systems.
           | 
           | There just aren't that many affordable, reasonably efficient
           | ways to get >= 32c these days. (and by efficient, I'm
           | excluding used server-class boxes from older generations that
           | are power hungry).
        
             | stn8188 wrote:
             | Similar to what the sibling comment says, I was able to
             | find a motherboard/CPU combo from Newegg 2 years ago when I
             | built mine around a 3955WX. I'm not incredibly happy with
             | the Supermicro board though and sort of wish I went with
             | the Asus.
        
               | ciupicri wrote:
               | What's wrong with the Supermicro motherboard?
        
               | stn8188 wrote:
               | The boot time is long, the BMS programs are awkward (but
               | maybe I'm not familiar with server-style BMS programs),
               | and I can't get the DDR4 clock as high as it should be
               | for my DRAM. There's a chance my UDIMM doesn't support
               | the speed I want to run, but it hasn't been a big enough
               | deal for me to look into.
        
               | zamadatix wrote:
               | How much total memory are we talking and what speed were
               | you able to run it at?
        
             | zamadatix wrote:
             | You can still just buy the pieces e.g. https://www.supermic
             | ro.com/en/products/motherboards/server-b... or https://www.
             | serversupply.com/PROCESSORS/AMD%20EPYC%2064-Core... or
             | https://servers4less.com/cd8070604480301-intel-xeon-
             | platinum..., the same is true for the current Threadripper.
             | Most searching for this stuff are expecting to buy a full
             | system with support from the vendor though, so that's what
             | shows up most of the time. The ratio of those trying to
             | build an individual workstation has been decreasing, making
             | piecemeal part builds the less prominent way to order. It's
             | still around though.
             | 
             | Price... now that's definitely a story :). The current 32
             | core Threadripper is around $3,000 itself now. It does have
             | some advantages like the 8 memory channels but even just
             | trying to build a low core count box with a lot of PCIe
             | lanes is an extremely expensive endeavour. I think part of
             | it has to do with the gap between the consumer and server
             | markets widening over time, it becomes harder to justify
             | doesn't something special for the HEDT market.
        
               | tornato7 wrote:
               | Indeed, I built a 3U Threadripper Pro server last year
               | using the supermicro board. Works great!
        
             | 2OEH8eoCRo0 wrote:
             | I'm disappointed in the lack of I/O in consumer chips these
             | days. I've had 3930k 4930k and now 1680v2 Xeon and I have
             | memory channels and PCIe lanes coming out of my ears.
             | Current consumer chips give you maybe 20 lanes.
        
               | zamadatix wrote:
               | Things actually end up not that different in the I/O
               | department. Yeah, there are only 20 lanes going direct to
               | the CPU but the northbridge has the bandwidth to hang
               | another true 16 PCIe 3.0 lanes off it (before running
               | into contention). At this point you are still an honest 4
               | lanes short but half the lanes are 4x faster so things
               | like your GPU or high speed NIC don't need to eat 16
               | lanes each in the first place. The story repeats on
               | memory where, yeah, you don't have 4 memory channels
               | anymore... but the actual memory bandwidth is
               | significantly higher and the total capacity is about the
               | same.
               | 
               | I've got a 13900k NAS build with 14 NVMe drives in it and
               | 25G network connectivity. If you do W680 for the
               | motherboard instead of the typical boards you get to keep
               | the ECC too. Saved me thousands compared to getting
               | equivalent I/O and total CPU performance with a server
               | board. Reminded me a lot of when I got a 1650v3 prior
               | really, "oh, it's kind of just consumer stuff but fully
               | loaded", but ran a lot faster (of course).
               | 
               | The hardest part is finding a board which breaks out the
               | things out into ports instead of trying to figure out how
               | to cram 2 extra cheap "gaming" nics, wi-fi, 50 USB ports,
               | or other useless things in statically instead.
        
               | ciupicri wrote:
               | What motherboard are you using and were you able to
               | install 128+ GB of RAM running at full speed, e.g. 5600
               | MT/s?
        
             | derefr wrote:
             | > Yes, it is basically a prosumer version of the Epyc
             | server CPUS
             | 
             | Threadripper was, yes. Threadripper Pro wasn't. It was a
             | workstation CPU. Threadripper was discontinued while
             | Threadripper Pro wasn't, because workstation CPUs are
             | profitable, while HEDT CPUs aren't.
             | 
             | (AFAICT the HEDT "class" of CPUs only existed for a short
             | time when CPU production was such that all the individual
             | cores could perform really well, but the die as a whole
             | could still fail validation as a server/workstation-grade
             | CPU. I think, with chiplets, this just doesn't happen any
             | more.)
        
         | ciupicri wrote:
         | Right now the problem with consumer grade CPUs from AMD is that
         | you can't have 128 GB of memory running at full speed. You need
         | to use 4 memory modules which means a lower speed. From
         | https://www.amd.com/en/products/cpu/amd-ryzen-9-7950x
         | Max Memory Speed         2x1R    DDR5-5200         2x2R
         | DDR5-5200         4x1R    DDR5-3600         4x2R    DDR5-3600
         | 
         | There's also the issue of ECC.
        
           | Modified3019 wrote:
           | And limited PCIe lanes.
           | 
           | Though theoretically that will stop being an issue when it's
           | viable to only hand the gpu 4-8 pcie 5.0 lanes and 1-2 lanes
           | to an nvme drive or two. Then there would be plenty left over
           | for other things.
        
           | vluft wrote:
           | you can at least get 96GB now, with 48GB dimms
        
             | [deleted]
        
           | wmf wrote:
           | Are you ignoring EXPO?
        
           | jauntywundrkind wrote:
           | Micron is talking up 128gb sticks, coming semi-soon-ish.
           | https://www.anandtech.com/show/21077/micron-
           | samples-128-gb-m...
        
           | foresto wrote:
           | > There's also the issue of ECC.
           | 
           | Does something prevent Zen 5 CPUs from using ECC memory?
           | 
           | Or maybe you mean that ECC puts more load on the memory
           | controller, potentially reducing top RAM speed compared to
           | non-ECC configurations?
        
             | ciupicri wrote:
             | I wasn't commenting on the speed of ECC memory, although
             | from what I've seen manufacturers don't offer ECC memory
             | modules with a speed as high as non-ECC versions.
             | 
             | Anyway what bugs me about Zen < 4 is that you can install
             | ECC memory, but you can't be sure that ECC is really
             | working on some motherboards.
             | 
             | For Zen 4 at least there's DDR5 with its on-die ECC, but
             | the path to the CPU might still be unprotected.
        
               | foresto wrote:
               | > manufacturers don't offer ECC memory modules with a
               | speed as high as non-ECC versions.
               | 
               | Indeed, they seem to be aiming their ECC sticks at the
               | server market, their "overclockable" sticks at the gamer
               | market, and not mixing the two. Perhaps this would change
               | if more workstation motherboards officially supported
               | ECC.
               | 
               | In the meantime, I suspect today's ECC RAM and X3D cache
               | CPUs might complement each other well.
               | 
               | > For Zen 4 at least there's DDR5 with its on-die ECC,
               | but the path to the CPU might still be unprotected.
               | 
               | Some Zen 4 motherboards do support ECC. ASUS lists it in
               | their manuals and exposes settings for it in their EFI
               | setup, for example.
               | 
               | As for being sure that it's working, I suppose that
               | depends on the OS. This addition in Linux 6.5 looks
               | helpful:
               | 
               | https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-EDAC-Ryzen-7000-Series
        
               | deaddodo wrote:
               | You can most certainly test ECC functionality on
               | unqualified boards using a Linux LiveCD/USB. And there
               | are plenty of boards that have gone through the process
               | of getting ECC qualified, and advertise the feature.
               | ASUS, for instance.
        
           | sapiogram wrote:
           | I assume you're also still limited to dual-channel in both
           | scenarios?
        
             | ciupicri wrote:
             | From the same page:                   Memory Channels: 2
             | 
             | On the other hand the specifications for Threadripper(tm)
             | PRO 5945WX [1] say:                   Memory Channels: 8
             | 
             | [1]: https://www.amd.com/en/products/cpu/amd-ryzen-
             | threadripper-p...
        
               | sapiogram wrote:
               | Oof
        
         | wmf wrote:
         | I don't think _consumer grade Zen5 with 32c /64t_ will be
         | released because the frequency of Zen 5c will be pretty low
         | leading to poor single-thread performance.
        
         | satvikpendem wrote:
         | I'm looking forward to the 96 core Threadripper, personally. It
         | helps for compilation to have as many cores as possible. Not
         | sure how the single threaded performance will be however as
         | it's slower than the Ryzen series, generally, and I still want
         | to game.
        
           | PartiallyTyped wrote:
           | What are you compiling, if you don't mind me asking?
        
             | satvikpendem wrote:
             | Rust and Dart/Flutter programs, mainly.
        
       | jtriangle wrote:
       | Twice the cores leads me to think we're getting ecores
        
         | cjbgkagh wrote:
         | I'm happy so long as it can score really high in Cinebench,
         | which is probably the most relevant benchmark for my work.
        
         | mlyle wrote:
         | From the article:
         | 
         | > We don't know yet what types of cores these new Zen 5 core
         | clusters will have. Half of Zen 5's core count could be
         | dedicated entirely to Zen 5c efficiency cores, or the entire
         | stack could be vanilla Zen 5 performance cores. It could be a
         | mix of both since AMD's slides suggest that there will be
         | different models featuring FP-512 support and some models with
         | low-power cores.
        
         | _hypx_ wrote:
         | I think so too.
        
         | scheme271 wrote:
         | I don't think it's e-cores so much as a Zen 5 version of the
         | Zen 4c cores. So smaller L3 (the 4c has half the L3 that the
         | Zen 4 has) and slower clocks. But the compact cores are half of
         | the size of the regular cores and about 75% of the power.
         | 
         | The key point is that the cores are otherwise the same so you
         | don't have the weird intel situation where the e-cores don't
         | support the same instructions as the p-cores.
        
           | skavi wrote:
           | > the weird intel situation where the e-cores don't support
           | the same instructions as the p-cores
           | 
           | Intel didn't have this problem. They simply disabled
           | instructions available on P and not on E. They did face the
           | scheduling issues inherent in heterogenous systems. But so
           | will AMD.
        
         | 0cf8612b2e1e wrote:
         | Does Linux have mechanisms in place to properly utilize ecores?
         | Specifically tagging background services so they never jump in
         | priority? Or would it be up to me to manually assign affinity?
         | 
         | I read somewhere that part of what makes the iOS experience
         | better is tight control over how much CPU background jobs can
         | steal.
        
           | lights0123 wrote:
           | Linux has had support for cores with different capabilities
           | for ~a decade, when arm introduced big.LITTLE. systemd puts
           | background services in "slices", which can have properties
           | set in bulk.                   systemctl set-property
           | system.slice AllowedCPUs=16-19
           | 
           | Would set the "system" slice to certain pinned cores, but
           | there's nothing automatic.
        
             | 0cf8612b2e1e wrote:
             | That's interesting and easy enough to experiment. While I
             | do not have mixed performance cores, I have been curious if
             | pinning processes results in any noticeable smoothness. I
             | get annoyed at various Gnome garbage that occasionally
             | thrashes.
        
             | noir_lord wrote:
             | also has taskset which just lets you say "this PID can run
             | on cores 0 through 13".
             | 
             | Not the friendliest mechanism for defining what runs on
             | what but it's what I use to make sure that server software
             | I really want on the P cores _stays_ on the P cores.
        
           | garaetjjte wrote:
           | https://docs.kernel.org/scheduler/sched-capacity.html
           | https://docs.kernel.org/scheduler/sched-energy.html
        
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       (page generated 2023-09-30 23:03 UTC)