[HN Gopher] An analysis of the Google antitrust trial
       ___________________________________________________________________
        
       An analysis of the Google antitrust trial
        
       Author : passwordoops
       Score  : 316 points
       Date   : 2023-09-25 09:44 UTC (13 hours ago)
        
 (HTM) web link (www.thebignewsletter.com)
 (TXT) w3m dump (www.thebignewsletter.com)
        
       | londons_explore wrote:
       | The only reason courthouses are public is so the public can
       | satisfy themselves that the courts are doing their job in a fair
       | way.
       | 
       | That is equally satisfied by having the court proceedings sealed
       | _for a given time_ , for example 5 years. By then, the
       | information is nearly worthless to a competitor.
        
         | passwordoops wrote:
         | "Indeed, Google lawyers have explicitly argued that the judge
         | should avoid allowing documents to become public solely because
         | it is "clickbait." To put it differently, the search giant
         | literally argues material should stay sealed merely because if
         | that material is interesting. "
         | 
         | There's nothing about industry secrets. Google's lawyers don't
         | want to "embarrass" the company or its execs.
        
           | batch12 wrote:
           | > allowing documents to become public solely because it is
           | "clickbait."
           | 
           | The irony is, the company makes a lot of money from
           | 'clickbait'.
        
           | Jensson wrote:
           | Google probably has data of the others bids. If Bing bid
           | billions for that spot as well and Google had to outbid them,
           | then I think it is fair for Google to bring that up as
           | evidence. At the same time Microsoft and Apple probably don't
           | want to reveal to the public what actually happened there, so
           | it makes sense for the judge to keep that under wraps since
           | it isn't related to Google.
           | 
           | Google maybe even signed an agreement to keep that secret, so
           | they aren't allowed to reveal evidence about Apple or
           | Microsoft to the public, in that case it wouldn't be fair for
           | the court to force Google to breach that contract just to
           | defend themselves.
        
           | ploum wrote:
           | "If you want to hide something, you should not be doing it in
           | the first place"
           | 
           | Eric Schmidt, then Google CEO
        
             | fourthark wrote:
             | He meant "you".
        
           | nerpderp82 wrote:
           | It isn't even embarrass, it is backlash at lies, hypocrisy
           | and contorted justifications that they are ultimately making.
           | This judge has no business presiding over this case.
        
           | thfuran wrote:
           | In a sane world, the lawyer would be censured for even
           | suggesting that.
        
         | __alexs wrote:
         | This doesn't really add up to me.
         | 
         | If a currently in progress trial is corrupt, we can prevent the
         | harm that a corrupt outcome will cause before it happens. If
         | you have to wait 5 years to discover that the trial was corrupt
         | then we get at least 5 years of harm out of it. Potentially
         | much more because have to retry the case years later will be
         | much much more difficult due to evidence destruction.
        
           | londons_explore wrote:
           | It depends if the goal is to satisfy the public that courts
           | are treating _this case_ fairly, or cases in general fairly.
           | 
           | One might imagine that if any unfairness is discovered, laws
           | and processes are adjusted for future cases, but past cases
           | will not be re-reviewed.
        
             | eastbound wrote:
             | Wait, what should we do if courts are unfair or corrupt?
             | 
             | Because honestly, ...we're way past that point in pretty
             | much every country of the world. People are too demoralized
             | or weak to do anything about it, but just for intellectual
             | curiosity, what is supposed to happen when something
             | abnormal happens in our societies?
        
         | grumple wrote:
         | > The only reason courthouses are public is so the public can
         | satisfy themselves that the courts are doing their job in a
         | fair way.
         | 
         | Closing the court sessions eliminates that assurance. We have
         | seen multiple times in our history that closed sessions are
         | used to break the laws and conventions of this country in a way
         | that harms our citizens and degrades their rights (see FISA
         | court).
         | 
         | > That is equally satisfied by having the court proceedings
         | sealed for a given time, for example 5 years. By then, the
         | information is nearly worthless to a competitor.
         | 
         | There's an old saying, "justice delayed is justice denied". If
         | in 5 years it turns out this this judge (who has since
         | retired/died) violated all common sense and fair administration
         | of the law, what happens? Nothing. Hell, even if they are still
         | in office, what's the worst that will happen? They resign in
         | shame? Meanwhile 300 million American people spend 5 years
         | suffering the ill effects of the miscarriage of justice. That
         | is not a fair return and it's not justice.
         | 
         | Secrecy is largely incompatible with democracy and justice.
         | Think of why wikileaks was so damaging: because our government
         | did things that were illegal, immoral, and kept them a secret
         | from us. Same thing with the FISA court, which basically
         | eliminated the 4th amendment. And at least those instances
         | relied on the idea that they were special needs due to foreign
         | intelligence requirements and security; Google's only argument
         | is that they might lose money.
        
         | denton-scratch wrote:
         | > The only reason courthouses are public is so the public can
         | satisfy themselves that the courts are doing their job in a
         | fair way.
         | 
         | Don't agree. One purpose of public trials is to show the public
         | how much the authorities disapprove of <criminal act X>. That
         | is, public trials are intrinsically show-trials.
         | 
         | A second purpose is to punish the defendant for pleading Not
         | Guilty (and/or warn others of the consequences of such a plea);
         | even if you are innocent, your actions will be paraded in
         | public, and subjected to the harshest possible criticism.
        
       | spandextwins wrote:
       | How much do I get? Oh right, just another shakedown.
        
       | dav_Oz wrote:
       | > _I am not anyone that understands the industry and the markets
       | in the way that you do. And so I take seriously when companies
       | are telling me that if this gets disclosed, it's going to cause
       | competitive harm._
       | 
       | Wait. What? An "anti-trust" trial against one of the five
       | trillion dollar company in the world abusing its monopoly power
       | is taken _seriously_ on its claim it could cause  "competitive
       | harm"? Catch 22.
       | 
       | I guess the competitive harm is political in nature. The real
       | competition seems to be China. The rationalization one of being a
       | "strong" united front against an authoritarian system. So, the
       | judicial system needs to subordinate itself to that power
       | constellation. Ultimately succumbing to the authoritarian logic.
       | 
       | By excluding the public in order to not produce "clickbait" just
       | furthers the growing mistrust in institutions which then in turn
       | necessitates more "secrecy" as to not to "confuse" the public ...
       | 
       | This mindset exemplified by the likes of Eric Schmidt reminds me
       | of Edward Teller's role in the nuclear arms race. Surely,
       | brilliant people with a lot of valuable input but I wouldn't
       | fully trust their judgment.
        
         | SpicyLemonZest wrote:
         | > Wait. What? An "anti-trust" trial against one of the five
         | trillion dollar company in the world abusing its monopoly power
         | is taken seriously on its claim it could cause "competitive
         | harm"? Catch 22.
         | 
         | I don't see the catch 22? Google is entitled to a legal
         | presumption of innocence like any other organization, so the
         | court can't yet make decisions based on the premise that it
         | _is_ abusing its alleged monopoly power. It's important for
         | courts to avoid the perception that merely being the target of
         | a lawsuit is a punishment, although of course in many ways it
         | is.
        
           | dav_Oz wrote:
           | I'm not saying that they are guilty.
           | 
           | But the judge shouldn't be completely oblivious of Alphabet's
           | past history and its role as a "key market player" and just
           | taking the claims at face value.
           | 
           | The argumentation doesn't sound very balanced tbh. More like:
           | that's way above my league and I don't want to be the one
           | jeopardizing national security, so I have to trust you on
           | that.
           | 
           | In a sense, this is an admission that Alphabet is way too
           | "big" already to be treated as an "ordinary company" which
           | makes a due process a more complicated matter,
           | euphemistically speaking. And I get that but as the substack
           | article points out: atm right from the start it plays out way
           | too far on Alphabet's terms.
           | 
           | That's the way I read it, I might be wrong.
        
             | taeric wrote:
             | This was even worse in the case against MS. They were,
             | somehow, taken at face value that they would not abuse
             | purchasing Activision. For... reasons?
        
           | lelanthran wrote:
           | > I don't see the catch 22? Google is entitled to a legal
           | presumption of innocence like any other organization,
           | 
           | There's no presumption of innocence in civil matters.
           | 
           | Since this is being tried entirely as a civil matter (and not
           | as a criminal case, as far as I am aware[1]), there's no
           | presumption of innocence, no "beyond reasonable doubt",
           | there's only "preponderance of evidence".
           | 
           | [1] Unless it really is being brought to the court by the
           | state prosecution, in which case it probably is a criminal
           | matter.
        
             | singleshot_ wrote:
             | If I need the preponderance of the evidence to find you
             | liable, you were presumed not liable. Obviously the
             | presumption is not as strong as clear and convincing or
             | reasonable doubt, but there's no reason to say that there
             | is no presumption of a sense of liability under this
             | standard.
        
         | ClumsyPilot wrote:
         | To beat China and their unacceptable values we must become
         | china
         | 
         | PS: this was Sarcasm people
        
           | Cthulhu_ wrote:
           | In practice, what happens is that these values are slowly
           | made more acceptable. "Think of the children" to make privacy
           | violation more acceptable; "They are terrorists" to make
           | human rights violations more acceptable; "Drain the swamp" or
           | "The election was stolen" to make insurrection more
           | acceptable; "Protect our women" to make transphobia more
           | acceptable. That kinda thing. It's happening everywhere.
        
             | hubco wrote:
             | [flagged]
        
               | psd1 wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | hubco wrote:
               | They are men, whether you like it or not. Men who desire
               | to be women, or who just call themselves women, for
               | whatever reason.
               | 
               | No-one should be compelled to accept a false, reality-
               | denying belief as if it were true. This absurd assertion
               | that some men are women is a particularly pernicious
               | falsehood.
        
               | thfuran wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | hubco wrote:
               | > > namely that a subset of men should be allowed to
               | disregard women's boundaries and consent with impunity
               | 
               | > What?
               | 
               | Men who desire to be women forcing their way into women's
               | and girls' spaces, and who keep advocating for the law to
               | be changed, where it isn't already, so they can keep
               | getting away with this.
        
           | NickC25 wrote:
           | No, we must beat them by showing the world that there's a
           | better way. Unfortunately, allowing our corporations to take
           | a shit on the rules of law and get their way in court because
           | "trade secrets" is more like China than we'd like to admit.
           | 
           | This is akin to "all animals are equal, but some animals are
           | more equal than others". Special rules for special
           | corporations who cry "trade secrets" when called out for bad
           | behavior. Yuck.
        
         | saynay wrote:
         | Strictly speaking, it is over the companies monopoly in search.
         | Google also lives in other markets where there is competition,
         | so this may be about those markets not search.
        
           | Jensson wrote:
           | But Google probably have a lot of data about their
           | competitors that they would like to present to the judges.
           | Making that data public would make it look like Google is
           | smearing the competition, I can see why a judge would agree
           | to keep that secret.
           | 
           | For example, Apple maybe had an auction to bid for default
           | search spot on their platforms. Google bid the highest as we
           | know, but we don't know what the competition bid and Google
           | probably want to present that as evidence that this was just
           | a normal auction similar to bidding for advertisement spots.
           | For example, if Bing bid 90% of the current Google bid, then
           | it is pretty clear that Google wasn't paying Apple to keep
           | competition out but rather paying Apple for a premium spot in
           | a fair market.
           | 
           | Nobody argues that Apple is anti competitive when they pay
           | Google to put ads on top of certain search results, so why
           | would Google be anti competitive when they pay Apple for a
           | premium spot? They don't pay Apple to keep others out, just
           | for the premium spot, you can still use other search engines.
        
           | ocdtrekkie wrote:
           | Google is a monopoly in most of those verticals too.
        
           | taeric wrote:
           | A common antitrust concern is about leveraging a monopoly in
           | one area to gain oversized advantage in another.
        
             | sangnoir wrote:
             | Yes, but that doesn't give the DOJ a free ride to use an
             | antitrust trial in one area to punish a company in other
             | more competitive areas by revealing trade secrets. That is
             | extrajudicial, and not far off from a dirty cop harassing
             | an innocent party _" You may beat the rap, but you can't
             | beat the ride"_. The trial itself should not be a
             | punishment under a half-decent justice system.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | But companies also shouldn't get a free ride with "trade
               | secret." At some level, they are free to pick their
               | defense.
               | 
               | And, charity to the actual ruling, I'm assuming that
               | better arguments were made behind closed doors to get to
               | this point? I don't think it should be a problem to have
               | parts of the process closed, at all. I do find it odd to
               | have such a large blockout, though.
        
               | sangnoir wrote:
               | > But companies also shouldn't get a free ride with
               | "trade secret"
               | 
               | They don't - the judge determines what should be sealed
               | by weighing public interest against potential harm. In
               | this instance, the article author disagrees with the
               | judge's decisions.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | Izmaki wrote:
       | I love the irony of sealing the majority of a trial (2 3/4 of 5
       | days) about anti-trust. :)
        
         | meepmorp wrote:
         | What's ironic about it?
        
           | mistercheph wrote:
           | A name that serves as a nice preface for the question.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | quantum_state wrote:
       | Google might just claim a public trial would harm national
       | security ... not just clickbait...
        
         | bogwog wrote:
         | If our national security depends on Google, then we're all
         | going to end up on killedbygoogle.com
        
         | inetknght wrote:
         | If there is a national security interest then it is up to the
         | government to prove it, not Google.
        
       | summerlight wrote:
       | The title seems to be a bit misleading. I was anticipating a
       | legal analysis of the case, but the actual title "How to Hide a
       | $2 Trillion Antitrust Trial" seems to be more focused on
       | complaints about its lack of transparency. Yeah, lots of things
       | are hidden behind the curtain but we still have lots of useful
       | materials for analysis?
        
         | passwordoops wrote:
         | That was the title when I posted, but it looks like it was
         | changed. Not sure why, because as you mention the focus is more
         | on the lack of transparency
        
           | summerlight wrote:
           | Thanks for clarification. I guess the author wanted more
           | "public attention"... Though the new title feels a bit
           | clickbaity but arguably more faithful to the overall theme
           | now.
        
       | victor106 wrote:
       | It almost seems like Judge Mehta is somehow complicit in this.
       | Judges can also be corrupt, they are just human.
        
         | [deleted]
        
       | kumarvvr wrote:
       | This is the most important news on the internet today.
       | 
       | Google has completely transformed itself into this uber-corp,
       | that is hell bent on absolute dominance.
       | 
       | Wow. I am an avid internet user, very much interested in
       | technology / business / social media, and I was not aware of
       | this. Sure, there is an anti-trust court case here and there, and
       | I almost always seem to see EU has fined FAANG companies some
       | millions of dollars for their breach of trust / security /
       | monopoly etc. But, the way this is going on is amazing.
       | 
       | To ponder, why does the judge have to put the onus on Google,
       | when he admits he doesn't know? Is there no mechanism where the
       | judge says a panel of MBA / senior technocrats / VC's or the like
       | be able to advise him on the matter?
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | hotstickyballs wrote:
         | Which part of the tech industry would want to do so? Every
         | VC/tech exec wants a monopoly like Google.
        
           | choppaface wrote:
           | They want to build a monopoly and then sell it and collect
           | rent from it. They don't want to deal with consequences.
        
       | madaxe_again wrote:
       | Never mind sealed sessions - try secret trials.
       | 
       | There was a trial in the U.K. a little over a decade ago over
       | whether a certain media mogul was engaging in cartel behaviour -
       | and apart from those parties directly involved in the trial, and
       | a few others such as myself who have come to know about the
       | matter through one of the parties involved, nobody even knows it
       | happened. It was deemed to be in the public interest to try him,
       | but it was also deemed a risk to national security for any part
       | of it to be public. He was evidently acquitted, or perhaps
       | proceedings still drag on, with him wagering on a visit from the
       | reaper before judgement is passed - oh irony.
       | 
       | There was a rather incredible turn of events where one of the
       | parties who had been asked/told to be involved tried to go to the
       | press (not owned by said mogul), and was promptly ratted out to
       | the government, and the prime minister of the day then went on
       | the ten o'clock news to denounce them, bringing their rather
       | comfortable cosy-to-the-establishment life to a crashing end.
       | They became a national hate figure overnight.
       | 
       | Really, we don't even know what we don't know -- at least in this
       | case we know that antitrust proceedings are underway.
        
         | Y_Y wrote:
         | Getting something sealed in the UK courts is a surefire way to
         | get it on the front page of the Irish papers the next day.
         | Keeping secrets by decree is very difficult these days.
        
           | nerpderp82 wrote:
           | There is no verifiable way for you to make that claim.
        
         | retube wrote:
         | > but it was also deemed a risk to national security for any
         | part of it to be public
         | 
         | Surely it's OK to keep secret if it WAS a matter of national
         | security? Quite possibility that is open to debate in this
         | case, but it seems sensible at least to have this provision in
         | law?
        
         | ghusto wrote:
         | Why all the secrecy on your part though? I can't see any reason
         | you wouldn't tell us all names involved.
        
           | maffydub wrote:
           | If the case was subject to reporting restrictions (which
           | seems quite possible given what he says), it might be illegal
           | for him to tell us the names.
        
           | passwordoops wrote:
           | Not OP, but I assume if he's in the UK, you take it for
           | granted that all communications are monitored and big brother
           | is everywhere. Ergo naming and shaming here runs the risk of
           | the ire of those protecting said mogul...
           | 
           | This is how democracy dies in the darkness
        
             | HenryBemis wrote:
             | I remember throughout my years that London had a
             | (negatively) impressive amount of cameras
             | (https://www.precisesecurity.com/articles/top-10-countries-
             | by...)
             | 
             | I don't know how it started, but their own "war on terror"
             | must have helped to hit that top spot.
             | 
             | Monitoring internet is just the same. "Eyes everywhere".
             | The technology changed (people walking on the street vs
             | people browsing the internet), but the practice remains.
             | 
             | And to show where the focus is (and it's not to serve and
             | protect) the amount of corruption in the UK police (even
             | rapists & murderers) are only caught after years and years,
             | and only after the victims go through hell and high water
             | to get justice. (that last paragraph is a bit provocative -
             | but true)
        
               | rsynnott wrote:
               | The US actually had more per capita (world rankings are
               | US, China, UK, Germany), though they may be more
               | _visible_ in the UK (particularly after the GDPR, there
               | are differences in rules on covert surveillance). As I
               | understand it, they're nearly all privately owned in both
               | the US and UK, and their installation is driven more by
               | insurance company requirements than anything else.
        
               | garblegarble wrote:
               | Remember that the overwhelming majority of these cameras
               | in London are privately owned and operated by shopkeepers
               | and homeowners, it's not a massive state-operated
               | surveillance network. They usually have extremely poor
               | image quality and are hooked up to fixed local tape/hard
               | drive recording rather than networked.
               | 
               | With that said, there are still a lot of state-operated
               | cameras. Mostly to make money from traffic infraction
               | fines, curiously that's one area where governments don't
               | ever seem to cut police funding :-)
        
             | jjgreen wrote:
             | As a hint as to surveillance in the UK, a poster which
             | appeared on the London Underground some years ago. This
             | is/was not ironic.
             | 
             | https://www.ltmuseum.co.uk/collections/collections-
             | online/po...
        
               | XTHK wrote:
               | Now the hard popup asking about cookies on that page _is_
               | very ironic!
        
             | ghusto wrote:
             | To be fair I was being somewhat obtuse. It's fairly obvious
             | he's talking about Rupert Murdoch, but my point was to
             | highlight that believing that big brother is watching us,
             | means they don't even have to be watching us.
             | 
             | OP could easily get away with spewing every detail right
             | here without getting caught, but the constant fear of
             | surveillance stops her. _This too_ is how democracy dies in
             | the darkness.
        
           | HenryBemis wrote:
           | I assume it is that:
           | https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-
           | news/rupert-m...
           | 
           | "after last week's emergence of secretly recorded comments he
           | made about bribes in the British newspaper industry and the
           | phone-hacking probes."
           | 
           | I remember this happening at the time. I don't follow 'media
           | news' much, but I do remember the scandal due to the
           | 'recording' and how they were going about recording calls,
           | SMS, etc.
        
       | tester756 wrote:
       | How is this even allowed?
       | 
       | Should the judge and overseeing team be punished?
        
         | safety1st wrote:
         | Yeah it blows my mind that the judge has the ability to do
         | this. As the article says he is basically sealing stuff on the
         | basis that Google said it could be "clickbait" if it was in the
         | media.
         | 
         | It's early days yet but this is so far shaping up to be the
         | weakest anti-trust trial yet - weaker than Microsoft and many
         | prior trials, because of Judge Mehta.
         | 
         | Fuck this guy. Amit Mehta exemplifies the problem with the
         | system, and the failure of the American government. He is a
         | disgrace to his position.
        
           | tempodox wrote:
           | I have to wonder how much he was payed.
        
           | jojobas wrote:
           | [flagged]
        
             | tester756 wrote:
             | Haha, I've actually been thinking about this but was too
             | scared to post such a theory on HN
             | 
             | partially because it doesn't mean anything since India is
             | huge...
        
               | jojobas wrote:
               | They were born some 2000 km and many language families
               | apart, and probably would have little in common if they
               | met with no pretext. Who knows though, right?
        
         | roadbuster wrote:
         | > How is this even allowed?
         | 
         | Nixon v. Warner Communications (1978)
         | 
         | If a company feels the need to reveal their trade secrets in
         | court to make their case, but ultimately wants to maintain
         | protection over the trade secret itself, what option would you
         | provide them?
         | 
         | Obama's signature of the Defend Trade Secrets Act in 2016 is
         | also a recent indicator the executive branch has no interest in
         | the breach of trade secrets. It would be astonishingly
         | difficult for a trial judge to say, "you know, I think the
         | public has an overriding, vested interest in knowing the
         | internal details of Google's technologies."
         | 
         | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defend_Trade_Secrets_Act
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | This is the key factor that I think a lot of HN pundits are
           | not understanding on this topic.
           | 
           | The answer to "How can the judge do that" is: judges have
           | broad leeway over how they interpret "fairness" in their
           | courtroom. It is incumbent upon the parties in the lawsuit to
           | disagree with the judge; silence implies assent.
           | 
           | So the question people should be asking isn't "How can the
           | judge be allowed to do that?" It has a simple answer. "He's a
           | judge and this makes the most sense to him."
           | 
           | The interesting question is "Why isn't the DOJ challenging
           | the judge's seals in the interest of public knowledge?" And
           | here you have your answer: the Executive over the past
           | several years has seen fit to lean in the direction that it
           | is not necessary to flay trade secrets out into the public
           | sphere (a harm that cannot be reversed) to conduct a
           | prosecution. It is, in their eyes, a better pursuit of
           | justice.
           | 
           | (If the public disagrees, recourse is through making it an
           | electoral issue for choosing President or pressuring the
           | legislature to pass a law that constrains a judge's authority
           | on protecting trade secrets).
        
           | denton-scratch wrote:
           | > what option would you provide them?
           | 
           | I would offer them this choice:
           | 
           | 1. Present your evidence in public, and let it be tested by
           | the court;
           | 
           | 2. Keep your trade secrets secret, and find some other line
           | of defence.
           | 
           | Secret courts are not compatible with public justice. The
           | UK's Family Court Division is a notorious example, and UK
           | jurists are (slowly) coming to acknowledge that secrecy in
           | matters of children, divorce and so on is corrosive to public
           | confidence in the Family Courts.
        
             | jsnell wrote:
             | What's under discussion at the moment isn't Google's
             | defense, which AFAIK hasn't yet started, right? It's the
             | evidence and testimony being presented by the plaintiffs.
             | They can get access to trade secrets as part of discovery,
             | and are incentivized to make as much of it public as
             | possible. There's just no downside to it for them.
        
               | taeric wrote:
               | Aren't there already procedures in place to challenge
               | particular evidence over concerns like this?
        
               | jsnell wrote:
               | Yes, there's procedures for redacting evidence and
               | sealing testimony. Those procedures are being followed
               | here, and leading to an outcome the author of the article
               | doesn't like.
        
             | joshuamorton wrote:
             | And when someone (a competitor) turns around and starts
             | (frivolously) suing every company claiming that their
             | supposed "trade secrets" are illegal activities?
        
               | mistercheph wrote:
               | Here's some background on the legal system in America
               | that I think you are missing: https://en.wikipedia.org/wi
               | ki/Federal_Rules_of_Civil_Procedu...
               | 
               | In particular, rules 11 and 12:
               | https://www.federalrulesofcivilprocedure.org/frcp/title-
               | iii-...
               | 
               | https://www.federalrulesofcivilprocedure.org/frcp/title-
               | iii-...
        
               | joshuamorton wrote:
               | How do I prove that your claim is frivolous without
               | revealing my trade secrets?
               | 
               | (Generally this is not particularly different from patent
               | trolling, which is also clearly a violation of the civil
               | procedure rules, but took special laws and _years_ to get
               | even the most egregious people, like prenda, punished)
        
           | Hizonner wrote:
           | > If a company feels the need to reveal their trade secrets
           | in court to make their case, but ultimately wants to maintain
           | protection over the trade secret itself, what option would
           | you provide them?
           | 
           | They can present their evidence in open court, or they can
           | lose. That should be their option.
           | 
           | Their "loss" of trade secrets is not the law's, the
           | government's, or the public's problem.
        
           | NickC25 wrote:
           | > _If a company feels the need to reveal their trade secrets
           | in court to make their case, but ultimately wants to maintain
           | protection over the trade secret itself, what option would
           | you provide them?_
           | 
           | I wouldn't give them any options, as they are on trial for a
           | reason. Corporate America can't have its cake and eat it too.
           | Google is a multi-trillion dollar publicly traded
           | corporation, they have significant cultural, political,
           | technological and economic power. They are in court due to
           | abuse of one (or more?) of those powers. Part of the trade
           | off of making your C-Suite, founders, and major shareholders
           | multi-billionaires via public markets is that you have to be
           | accountable to the public.
           | 
           | If you're being sued for abuse of power, you can't just tell
           | the judge "shhh, it's a trade secret, it can't be mentioned
           | in public court, let's keep it so secret that most people
           | don't even know we're in court, much less why we're in court"
           | and expect to get away with it. Or, maybe you can....which is
           | equally if not more disturbing in a democratic society. We're
           | not China.
           | 
           | If you're a mom-and-pop startup or small firm, sure,
           | revealing trade secrets might spell doom for you. But you're
           | not Google. I understand why it's not good to have to reveal
           | trade secrets. But if that trade secret has landed you in
           | court, you need to be accountable to the people that utilize
           | your products, own your stock, do business with you, etc...
           | 
           | Granted, if there is a legitimate national security concern
           | here, I understand the need for secrecy. But I highly doubt
           | there's technology in this case that would rip a massive hole
           | in our national security readiness or long term technology
           | strategy.
        
             | shadowgovt wrote:
             | > I wouldn't give them any options, as they are on trial
             | for a reason
             | 
             | > They are in court due to abuse of one (or more?) of those
             | powers.
             | 
             | "If he weren't a drug dealer, why did the cops arrest him?"
             | 
             | Even the corporations have a right to a fair trial.
             | Innocent-until-proven-guilty applies to them too.
        
               | TheCoelacanth wrote:
               | Innocent until proven guilty does not apply in civil
               | trials.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | Even still, you can't use "They wouldn't be in this court
               | if they hadn't done _something_ wrong " as part of the
               | evidence for the 'preponderance of evidence' standard.
        
               | NickC25 wrote:
               | > _" If he weren't a drug dealer, why did the cops arrest
               | him?"_
               | 
               | Because he's been caught several times using drugs out in
               | the open, has been caught numerous times selling drugs,
               | and his linkedin profile says he's an "alternative
               | medicine distributor" and formerly a "streets
               | pharmacist". If it quacks like a duck, walks like a duck,
               | has ducklings, and swims in the water, it's clearly a
               | moose, or a t-rex, right?
               | 
               | Let's be crystal clear here. Google has most likely
               | broken a number of antitrust laws. That is why they are
               | on trial. Google has faced antitrust suits previously.
               | 
               | > _Even the corporations have a right to a fair trial._
               | 
               | You're making my point for me, so thanks. Everyone is
               | entitled to a fair, public trial decided upon by a jury
               | of their peers. A corporation trying their damnedest to
               | pretend that they aren't on trial and aren't in legal
               | crosshairs, while also saying "oh no you can't disclose
               | any evidence it's all trade secrets and will cause harm
               | to our corporation and our shareholders" Yeah, no. They
               | have the right to a fair and public trial. That's it. If
               | they didn't want to have to tell the world about what
               | they are doing, they could have pursued a whole bunch of
               | avenues to prevent disclosure of it WAY before it got to
               | this point.
               | 
               | Alternatively, they could have just not gone and done the
               | actions that caused the government to bring the lawsuit.
               | It's not like shareholders got together and said "Hey
               | Google, you MUST do actions X, Y, and Z, even though we
               | know they will trigger an antitrust suit that you most
               | likely will lose, or else we will fire your whole board".
               | That didn't happen either.
               | 
               | EDIT: Should also disclose that within the last 6 months,
               | I held Google stock and LEAP options. I no longer hold
               | positions in Google, although I still am a paid user of
               | multiple of Google's services, including Gmail, Google
               | Workspace for Business, and Youtube TV.
        
               | shadowgovt wrote:
               | > If it quacks like a duck, walks like a duck, has
               | ducklings, and swims in the water, it's clearly a moose,
               | or a t-rex, right?
               | 
               | (a) we have a whole legal philosophy based around "If
               | we're gonna deprive it of duck-related rights, we'd
               | better make damn sure it isn't a t-rex or a moose."
               | 
               | (b) remember, what these rules protect us from is the
               | government having arbitrary power to jail people by
               | calling us ducks.
               | 
               | > Everyone is entitled to a fair, public trial decided
               | upon by a jury of their peers
               | 
               | Who owns the right there? It's not the government; it's
               | the plaintiff and defendant. If both concur on a non-
               | public trial, the Constitution doesn't force the trial to
               | _be_ public. The right to a public trial is a waivable
               | right.
               | 
               | ... which is really the crux of the matter. The DOJ has a
               | right to ask for a public trial here also; if it 's not
               | public, that implies they have not. They really should be
               | the ones people are up in arms about if we think there's
               | a public interest in publicizing the trial proceedings,
               | as they represent the public in these proceedings.
               | 
               | In this case, Google argues that the loss of trade
               | secrets in the act of defending themselves constitutes
               | irreparable harm, the court agrees, and the DOJ doesn't
               | appear to have dissented. That's enough to settle the
               | issue for this case.
               | 
               | > Alternatively, they could have just not gone and done
               | the actions that caused the government to bring the
               | lawsuit
               | 
               | You are, again, assuming the DOJ's case is legal truth
               | before they've made it.
               | 
               | The easiest way for a corporation to never open itself to
               | lawsuit is to do nothing. Obviously, we don't want to
               | incentivize that as the common outcome; we lose our whole
               | economy if we do. So the law tries to find a balance. In
               | the case of this antitrust suit, I think there's a good
               | case to be made that the DOJ is trying to bend precedent
               | to make something illegal that the law was not previously
               | understood to make illegal; the idea that Google has a
               | "search monopoly" is a very frog-boiling argument of
               | reinterpretation of law over the history of the company.
               | 
               | (If we're doing full disclosures: I do own Google stock
               | still. I expect them to beat this lawsuit and then I'll
               | cash out after the victory bubble).
        
           | AlbertCory wrote:
           | > what option would you provide them?
           | 
           | this happens every day in business trials. The judge has to
           | show judgment (see what I did there?) about what is really a
           | trade secret. Both sides get to present their arguments.
           | 
           | In this case, Mehta has showed rotten judgment.
        
           | passwordoops wrote:
           | Yeah but the argument from Google isn't on trade secrets.
           | They literally argued it's nothing more than clickbait.
           | 
           | Everyone knows they already breach anti trust by paying Apple
           | $2B, for example. The contents of the documents detail how
           | they got there
        
           | remram wrote:
           | Was it necessary to redact this much of the trial though?
           | This seems way too much.
        
         | bdjcvuy wrote:
         | [dead]
        
         | passwordoops wrote:
         | 40-plus years of a legal philosophy that bows to corporate
         | power will do this. I'm sure even if the judge made it public,
         | Google's lawyers can appeal to a higher court and get it sealed
        
         | [deleted]
        
         | throwawaaarrgh wrote:
         | Because it could harm competition if they don't.
         | 
         | No ?
        
           | passwordoops wrote:
           | A) In the article they mention Google's lawyers said making
           | things public would only serve more "clickbait" to embarrass
           | the company... so their problem is people would talk about
           | how Google execs actively flaunted anti-trust rules
           | 
           | B) Competition? Google? Seriously?
        
             | anon84873628 wrote:
             | I don't think we should assume that what the article says
             | is a complete or accurate summary of the arguments. (Not
             | that I agree with the outcome)
        
             | [deleted]
        
       | [deleted]
        
       | btilly wrote:
       | The article massively overstates the impact of the 1998 Microsift
       | trial. What Microsoft got was a slap on the wrist that they
       | considered just a cost of doing business. Netscape died, and
       | Microsoft's behavior remained the same.
       | 
       | Microsoft didn't blink until acround 2008 when the EU cases
       | finally fined them enough that they blinked. See, for example,
       | https://www.reuters.com/article/us-microsoft-eu/eu-fines-mic....
        
         | jojobas wrote:
         | He's talking about humiliation from dragging Microsoft's and
         | Bill Gates personal brands in the dirt, not actual penalty
         | adjudicated.
         | 
         | Basically if we had videos of Pichai stuttering and
         | unsuccessfully trying to weasel out of sharp questions in every
         | news report for a couple of weeks that would perhaps open more
         | eyes and hurt Google more than a fine of so many zeroes.
        
           | smoldesu wrote:
           | > that would perhaps open more eyes and hurt Google more than
           | a fine of so many zeroes.
           | 
           | Because that _definitely_ worked with Microsoft, right?
           | 
           | I don't think most Americans could tell you what Netscape is,
           | let alone why Microsoft was sued or why it should have been
           | humiliating.
        
             | AlbertCory wrote:
             | > Because that definitely worked with Microsoft, right?
             | 
             | Right. Gary Reback, the lawyer for Netscape back then, has
             | said that Google's very existence depends on the Microsoft
             | trial.
             | 
             | As for Americans' ignorance: irrelevant. They can't tell
             | you what Watergate was, either.
        
               | btilly wrote:
               | I disagreed with him back then as well. In the public
               | comment on the Netscape settlement, I was one of the
               | responses against it that the DoJ added to the trial.
               | 
               | Here was the position that I had then. Microsoft's
               | documented behavior on previous antitrust cases meant
               | that this settlement would not deter future abuse. And I
               | laid out specifically why that decree would not work.
               | 
               | I stand by that opinion now.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | OK. His statement (and yours) rely on counterfactuals:
               | what would MS have done had they _not_ been sued? There
               | is no way to resolve that. Arguing would be tedious.
        
               | btilly wrote:
               | In what way does my statement rely on counterfactuals?
               | 
               | I argued circa 2001-2002 that Microsoft had a history of
               | legal brinkmanship and continued anticompetitive behavior
               | through past consent decrees, and nothing in the Netscape
               | decision would dissuade them.
               | 
               | The EU case in 2004-2008 demonstrated that, following the
               | Netscape decision, Microsoft had not been dissuaded. They
               | continued their anticompetitive behavior and legal
               | brinkmanship, and this was confirmed by internal emails.
               | This fact was why the EU penalties were so high. The
               | judge explicitly wished the fines to be sufficient that
               | Microsoft could not continue to view antitrust consent
               | decrees as just a cost of doing business.
               | 
               | His argument that Microsoft was dissuaded is indeed a
               | counterfactual argument. It is a counterfactual argument
               | that contradicts facts established in later court cases.
               | 
               | This is why, over 20 years later, I stand by my previous
               | belief. I think that my reasoning then was sound. And my
               | predictions were validated by evidence introduced in
               | later cases.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | [flagged]
        
               | btilly wrote:
               | If you really wanted to not go there, you shouldn't have
               | characterized my argument in a false way. And when your
               | mistake was pointed out, you should have acknowledged the
               | point.
               | 
               | Go ahead. Avoid the tedium of responding. It will avoid
               | me the unpleasantness of further dishonest evasion on
               | your part.
               | 
               | Meanwhile the facts remain these. From 1990 through 2011,
               | Microsoft was continually being sued by or under consent
               | decree in the USA for antitrust violations. From 1993
               | through 2013, the same was true in the EU. This is in
               | addition to a long list of lawsuits from companies that
               | their behavior harmed.
               | 
               | All evidence from external behavior and internal emails
               | in court says that their attitude did not change until
               | 2008.
               | 
               | This is not a counterfactual argument. And it provides
               | good reason to believe that the 1998 publicity of having
               | Bill Gates in court did not deter Microsoft from further
               | antitrust actions.
        
               | edgyquant wrote:
               | They did not falsely characterize your argument. They are
               | correct that it hinges on knowing the future when no one
               | could do.
        
               | AlbertCory wrote:
               | You really want an unpleasant argument, don't you? Maybe
               | someone else here will give you one. Have a nice day.
        
               | smoldesu wrote:
               | I mean, in the world where they _did_ get sued, IE
               | existed and was annoying for the better part of a decade
               | and then succeeded by two more first-party Microsoft
               | browsers. It was right to sue Microsoft, but it also
               | evidently did not fix the state of browser hegemony. The
               | precedent was weak, and arguably more harmful than
               | leaving it up for further deliberation. You can feel the
               | impact on pretty much any FAANG software platform.
        
             | rashkov wrote:
             | As per the article, the significance is that Microsoft did
             | not use its platform dominance to crush an upstart google
        
               | btilly wrote:
               | I understood it very differently at the time.
               | 
               | Microsoft felt that it had won the browser wars so
               | thoroughly that they dismantled most of their IE team and
               | took their eyes off the ball. Nobody else could make a
               | competitive browser, and therefore nobody could add
               | browser features that would undermine the importance of
               | Windows for applications. They didn't realize that they
               | already had added the key feature for the Outlook team.
               | 
               | The first real use of XMLHttpRequest was Gmail in 2004.
               | Most people just thought of it as a cute trick. It wasn't
               | until Google Maps and the coining of the term AJAX that
               | people thought differently. Microsoft, of course, had
               | already been hit with the 2004 EU decree, and kept its
               | eyes off the ball. By the time Microsoft paid attention,
               | everyone was using it, Firefox was competitive with IE,
               | Safari wasn't too far behind, and Google was already
               | working on Chrome. But by then it was too late. Microsoft
               | didn't have the IE team, and had been shocked at the EU
               | penalties.
               | 
               | Therefore I give the credit for Microsoft not crushing
               | Google to the EU antitrust, and not the USA antitrust.
               | Which really did have no teeth. As can be seen by their
               | efforts to anticompetitively promote Windows Media
               | Player.
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | Funny enough, XMLHttpRequest[0] was conceived because
               | Microsoft needed to build out a web client for
               | Exchange[1], which was a precursor to Gmail in many ways.
               | In absolute terms, Gmail had more users and showcased the
               | possibilities of web apps more broadly, however Outlook
               | for the web in 2001-2004 was pretty sophisticated for its
               | time
               | 
               | [0]: Though it was called ActiveXObject for a time
               | 
               | [1]: https://web.archive.org/web/20090130092236/http://ww
               | w.alexho...
        
               | btilly wrote:
               | That's what I was referring to with, _They didn 't
               | realize that they already had added the key feature for
               | the Outlook team._
        
           | JumpinJack_Cash wrote:
           | > > He's talking about humiliation from dragging Microsoft's
           | and Bill Gates personal brands in the dirt, not actual
           | penalty adjudicated.
           | 
           | Yeah, like Trump's Access Hollywood tape...
           | 
           | At that huge scale whatever topic except for maybe CP ends up
           | becoming a 50-50 split with fans loving the character and his
           | brand even more and haters conversely hating it even more
           | too.
           | 
           | That's because when people that you normally hate side
           | against [insert divisive character] then the choice is to
           | automatically jump on his bandwagon and viceversa. So at such
           | scales it rapidly escalates to a 50-50 split or thereabout.
           | 
           | The best you can do is to have some sort of marginal victory
           | against the character in a winner take all settings (such as
           | an election or a supreme court ruling) and hope it
           | demoralizes him.
           | 
           | Like when Trump lost the Presidency he was demoralized and
           | disappeared for a while, but had he kept his morale high he'd
           | have been the Monday Morning armchair shadow President
           | critiquing and undermining everything Biden did from his
           | Twitter account addressing to the 70M people who voted for
           | him
        
             | passwordoops wrote:
             | I generally agree with you, but distaste for tech giants is
             | one place where there does seem to be overlap across the
             | left-right political-sport dichotomy. This falls more along
             | class lines and can easily be equated with the Sacklers not
             | being punished, government corruption going unpunished, etc
        
           | shadowgovt wrote:
           | That's an argument for extrajudicial punishment though. If
           | anything, that's an argument in favor of sealing the court.
           | 
           | There are good reasons to have open proceedings but providing
           | the public more opportunities to spin sound bites into hate-
           | mobbing isn't one of them.
        
         | no_wizard wrote:
         | I remember this.
         | 
         | This started a wave of lobbying and PR campaigns from industry
         | groups that lasted until ~2013 or so stating that the EU was
         | going to use its leverage its power to "issue fines to extract
         | the wealth of American tech companies because there aren't
         | enough European ones". Worded more eloquently (though I can't
         | recall exactly how, I think they may have said something about
         | the "EU Technology Tax" or something as an allusion to this),
         | but never the less, its what they were conveying
         | 
         | This was targeted at gaining sympathy for the US government to
         | intervene with the EU to make it more friendly for American
         | tech companies, and more specifically, big ones.
         | 
         | I wish I could find the webpage ads I saw around this. It was
         | not a good look.
        
         | chung8123 wrote:
         | That is hard to predict and would be a rewrite of history.
         | Microsoft operated their business with handcuffs for years and
         | it definitely allowed Apple to make a lot of advances in
         | bundling things that Microsoft was too scared to do.
        
         | fourthark wrote:
         | It was the exposure of Microsoft's business practices to
         | daylight that had the greatest effect, IMO.
        
           | btilly wrote:
           | If that had a great effect, why did they continue violating
           | antitrust law in the ways documented in the EU?
           | 
           | It wasn't like their antitrust history started with browsers.
           | Their business practices were on display before - for
           | instance look at the 1994 consent decree that they signed. Or
           | did you think that Netscape was their first antitrust case?
        
             | LeifCarrotson wrote:
             | I think it had a huge effect on changing the practices of
             | their potential consumers.
             | 
             | I'm aware that Microsoft and Google still have massive
             | marketshare, but there's no way of knowing what the world
             | would look like if that lawsuit hadn't happened. They
             | technically lost in the legal court, but internally may
             | have been congratulating themselves because the penalty was
             | so small.
             | 
             | But they lost in the court of public opinion. "Everyone
             | knows" that Microsoft's modus operandi is "Embrace, extend,
             | extinguish" monopoly-building, that IE sucks, that their
             | entire platform is anti-user...it's taken decades of
             | brilliant work on VS Code, on the .NET stack, and in other
             | open source efforts to partially convince some of the
             | developer community that they're not entirely evil. And
             | honestly, Microsoft's character in all of this is a big
             | part of why I daily Firefox on a Linux laptop, and probably
             | a big part of why tools like Firefox and Linux exist. A
             | significant portion of Google's success may be due to
             | people leaving Microsoft's IE (and Bing) and using Chrome
             | instead!
             | 
             | Here, "Don't be evil" Google - already somewhat maligned by
             | their Adsense tracking cookies, their gradual degradation
             | of the Search experience, their habit of canceling beloved
             | projects, their own embrace/extend/extinguish model with
             | Chrome, and their other actions, could suffer a similar
             | character impeachment in this antitrust trial.
             | 
             | It doesn't matter as much whether industry insiders knew
             | what their behavior was, or whether they take a financial
             | hit, or even whether they're found guilty - what matters
             | most is what popular culture paints them to be.
        
               | btilly wrote:
               | In what court of public opinion did they lose? Among
               | people who were interested in open source 20 years ago?
               | Sure! But who else doesn't like them?
               | 
               | The general public of people our age thinks good things
               | about Microsoft. Even my siblings find my dislike of
               | Microsoft bizarre. The only thing about Microsoft that
               | most people my age ever hated was Clippy. And even Clippy
               | is now generally liked.
               | 
               | And developers under 35 seem to find it bizarre that if I
               | call Microsoft the Evil Empire. Just as I once found it
               | strange that developers from the 1980s thought of IBM
               | that way.
        
               | petsfed wrote:
               | Amongst e.g. PC game nerds who really started playing in
               | the late 90s, there was always a sort of low-level
               | antipathy directed towards Microsoft. It's non-specific,
               | and its certainly not actionable, but there was always a
               | little bit of bitterness that "oh, here's a new update to
               | windows, how many of my games will it break?" Couple that
               | with "I have to buy a copy of windows when I buy a new
               | motherboard?!".
        
               | no_wizard wrote:
               | Things like "M$" and "Micro$oft" (and many other ways
               | Microsoft was lampooned that I can't recall) where common
               | when I was _in highschool_ (~2008). Not with _everyone_ ,
               | but any of the tech literate kids (not even say, the kids
               | who made games in their spare time) were aware of these
               | things, which by that time, gaming was getting to be more
               | mainstream, and there was more exposure to these "in"
               | jokes to a different crowd. They seemed to persist well
               | passed the sell by date, as it were.
               | 
               | They definitely took a huge hit in public opinion. I'm
               | from a middle of nowhere town, its not tech adjacent or
               | focused, and these were common online forums where we
               | interacted at the time (and by some extension the broader
               | public ones).
               | 
               | Even teachers would poke fun at Microsoft from time to
               | time, as I recall
        
               | dangus wrote:
               | I would put forth an alternative theory with two parts:
               | the smaller factor is that Linux was a better for web
               | servers than Windows Server and the explosion of the
               | business impact of the web sent developers toward
               | workflows that played nicely with Linux.
               | 
               | The bigger factor is that smartphones allowed competitors
               | to get a reset on the playing field for the consumer
               | market.
               | 
               | Mac marketshare was in single digits until the iPhone
               | took hold (yes, even after the success of the iPod), and
               | we still had Microsoft dominating the market with over
               | 80% marketshare as of 2018 (macOS has only hit double
               | digit marketshare percentage as of about 2016, roughly
               | doubling to over 20% from that time until today).
               | 
               | https://www.statista.com/statistics/218089/global-market-
               | sha...
               | 
               | As an edit, maybe I'd add factor number 3: web-based
               | business applications. I would say that Google's business
               | productivity suite set businesses free to be much more
               | platform agnostic, along with other tools that moved from
               | installed desktop applications to web.
        
       | [deleted]
        
       ___________________________________________________________________
       (page generated 2023-09-25 23:00 UTC)